effect of admixtures on properties of high strength …

e-ISSN: 2582-5208 International Research Journal of Modernization in Engineering Technology and Science

Volume:03/Issue:04/April-2021 Impact Factor- 5.354 www.irjmets.com

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EFFECT OF ADMIXTURES ON PROPERTIES OF HIGH STRENGTH CONCRETE

Swati B. Shende*1, Swapneel R. Statone*2, Er. Rohit Naik*3, Er. Bhagwat Patil*4

*1,2Research Scholar, Structural Engineering Department, K.D.K College Of Engineering,

Nagpur, Maharashtra, India.

*3,4Assistant Professor, Civil Engineering Department, K.D.K College Of Engineering,

Nagpur, Maharashtra, India.

ABSTRACT

High performance concrete (HPC) is quick obtaining acceptableness for a wide range of usage in the design of

concrete framework. It’s a tailor made material for specific usage and having avail competency like high

competency high durability and high constructability. HPC is that the concrete meets the performance and

necessities that to be obtained by conventional material, normal mixing, placing and curing practices. During

this study, a brief review on strength and durability on M70 grade of concrete results, a new composite material

has been developed and improved cements evolved. As accordance Indian standard code IS: 456-2000 concrete

of comprehensive meanders≥60Mpa. concrete of grades M70 are considered as HPC. To produce such a HPC,

mineral applied blend like micro silica, and fly ash on the one hand and super plasticizer on the other hand

along with normal ingredients. The scope of this study is to analyze the effect of mineral admixtures like silica

fume, and fly ash towards the performance of HPC. The suppressible reliability of HPC with mineral admixtures

at the substitute scale of 5%, 10%, 15% micro silica and 35%, 40%and 45% of fly ash was studied at 7 days, 14

days and 28 days and of curing. The reliability were compared and therefore the best substitute of every

mineral admixture was received. The tensile reliability and flexural reliability of HPC were obtained at identical

substitute scale of mineral admixtures at 28 days curing.

Keywords: High strength concrete, Admixtures, Strength, Durability, Fly Ash, Micro Silica.

I. INTRODUCTION

Concrete is a strong & enduring goods. The most popular material Reinforced concrete is used though out the

world for construction. After all usage and investigation reverence to workability meanders and durability of

concrete is enhancement very much and gives an exclusive performance is called as “HPC”. It is an extent of

materials combining of sequel beyond the lineal mix concrete and production methods. The exploit age of high-

strength and high-performance concrete has been increasing ubiquitously the world. Due to the better

engineering and performance competency, mineral admixtures such as silica fume (SF), fly ash (FA) ) are

normally included in the production of high-strength and high-performance concrete. Since the different

mineral admixtures possess different chemical and mineralogical creation as well as different particle features,

they could have different effects on the competency of concrete inclusive of the setting features of concrete.

Knowledge of the setting features of concrete is rather important in the field of concrete building. The

production of high performance concrete involves appropriate selection and proportioning of the constituents

to produce a composite mainly characterized by its low porosity and fine pore building. These, in term, improve

the resistance of concrete to the penetration of harmful substances such as chloride and sulphate ions, carbon

dioxide, water and oxygen, and because the extended serviceableness execution. The amend pore building of

high-execution concrete is mainly cognizable by the exploitation of chemical and mineral blend. Super

plasticizers allow substantial deficiency in the mixing water. Mineral admixtures, such as silica fume (SF) and

fly ash (FA), provide additional deficiency to the porosity of the mortar matrix and amend the interface with the

aggregate. Another factor impacts the quality of high-performance concrete. Highlighted the exigent

requirement of wet curing from the earliest possible moment. Since high-performance concrete is a relatively

recent evolution, there is a requirement for studying long-term behavior in apart environments. In this study

the impact of mineral blend on the short- and long-term competency of high-performance concrete was detect.

Concrete mixes made with different binders (OPC, OPC/SF and OPC/FA) were prepared and air cured at 27°C

and 65% relative humidity. Assessment was made by comparing the porosity; engineering potency and

transport (permeability and diffusion) features of the different mixes, up to the age.




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II. MATERIALS

1. Cement

Ordinary Portland cement of 53 grade having specific gravity was 3.15 used in the investigation. The Cement

used has been tested for various proportions as per IS 4031-1988.

2. Fine Aggregate

River sand having the specific gravity of 2.65 was used in investigation.

3. Coarse Aggregate

4. Water

Potable tap water available in the laboratory with pH value of 7.0±1 and confirming to the requirements of IS:

456 - 2000 was used for mixing concrete. Well-rounded aggregate of 12.5 mm size having the specific gravity of

2.74 was used in the investigation.

5. Fly Ash

The deflagration of coal by using flue gases, results the collection of electrostatic precipitator. The most widely

used mineral admixture is fly ash over the world. Extensive research has given the benefits that can be achieved

by utilization of fly ash. At present all over the world high volume of fly ash concrete is very much preferred.

The generation of quality of flies ash from various plants to more extent & not ready to be used in concrete

further processing is necessarily done.

6. Micro Silica

Silica fume is also referred as micro silica or condensed silica flume, and it is a material which is used as

artificial mineral admixtures. Silica fume rises as a vapor oxide. They collected in cloth bags by cooling and

condensing Micro silica increases concrete strengths producing financial benefits to builders, developers and

property owners. Columns and wall thickness are reduced providing cost saving and improved construction

schedules. The internal cohesiveness of micro silica ensures a smooth formwork finish. The combination of

silica fume and super plasticizer are the important materials for high performance concrete.

Its properties are mentioned below.

Table1

III. METHODOLOGY

Experimental Work

In the Experimental work consists for making of M70 grade concrete.M70 concrete designed as per IS:1062-

2019 present work is to study on fresh and hardened properties of High strength concrete with Fly Ash &

micro silica as mineral admixture (M70 Grade). The work focused on replacement of Fly Ash 35%, 40%, 45%

&micro silica 5% 10%, 15%, with the 0.26water cement ratio. The Concrete mixes contains different

proportions of Fly Ash Micro silica & cement and constant proportions of water binder ,micro silica, Coarse

aggregate and Fine aggregate for constant water-cement ratios. The mix proportions are obtained on the basis

of IS 1062-2019 mix design.




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Test Specimen and Test Procedure

Cube casting specimens of dimension 15cm X 15cm X 15cm, cylinder casting specimen of diameter 15mm and

length 30cm, and Concrete Beam casting specimens of size 15cmX 15cm X 70cm were casted. The specimens

were cured for 7, 14 and 28days.

Mix Proportions for High Strength Concrete

Mix design is obtained for M70 grade of concrete by using Indian standard code 10262:2019 guidelines.

Table 2: Mix design obtained for M70 grade of concrete

Mix Proportion of HSC Mixes

Table 3: Trial Mix Proportion of HSC

CASTING AND CURING SPECIMEN

Fig1: Casting of cubes Fig2: Casting of beam

Fig3: Different concrete samples in curing tank

Trail Mix Proportion

1 100% Cement + 0% Fly Ash + 0% Micro silica (Conventional

concrete)

2 60% Cement + 35% Fly Ash + 5% Micro silica






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IV. RESULTS AND DISCUSSION

The compressive strength of M70 grade concrete having mineral admixture silica fume for 7 days and 28 days

are shown in following table.

V. TESTING AND RESULTS

Workability

The workability of all the cube that were prepared and discussed in above tables were tested by slump test. The

range of the workability for different concrete mixes.

Table 4: Range of workability, slump and compacting factor of concrete

with 20mm or 40mm maximum size of aggregate

Result of Workability Test

Slump test is been performed on fresh concrete of grade M70

Table 5: Comparison of Fresh Properties of High Strength Concrete all 4 trial mixes

Type of concrete Fly Ash + Micro silica Slump Test (mm)

Conventional (M70) 0% 80

FM 1 40% 90

FM 2 45% 100

FM 3 50% 120

Compressive Strength Test of High Strength Concrete

Test result of Cube for Compressive Strength Test

Table 6: Comparison of Compressive strength of HSC In all 4 trial mixes

Sr No.

Curing

Days

Average Compressive Strength In N/mm2

Conventional

(M70)

FM-1 FM-2 FM-3

1 7 70.90 68.40 69.69 69.87

2 14 73.94 73.99 74.89 71.83

3 28 82.32 83.72 84.45 78.37




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Figure 4: Compressive strength of HSC Comparison in Graph

Split-Tensile Strength Test of High Strength Concrete

Test result of Split Tensile Strength Test

Table 7: Comparison of Split-Tensile strength of HSC in all 4 trial mixes

Sr No. Curing Days Average Split-Tensile Strength In N/Mm2

Conventional (M70) FM-1 FM-2 FM-3

1 7 1.55 2.218 2.859 2.166

2 14 1.35 2.925 3.078 3.064

3 28 1.73 3.178 3.577 3.466

Figure 5: Split-Tensile strength of HSC Comparison in Graph

Flexural Strength Test of High Strength Concrete

Table8: Comparison of Flexural Strength of HSC in all 4 trial mixes

Sr No. Curing

Days Average Split-Tensile Strength In N/Mm2

Conventional

(M70)

FM-1 FM-2 FM-3

1 7 5.18 5.32 5.33 5.19

2 14 5.60 5.78 5.97 5.58

3 28 6.20 6.35 6.38 6.25

10

30

50

70

90

Conventional(M70)

FM1 FM2 FM3

70.9 68.4 69.69 69.87 73.94 73.99 74.89 71.83 82.32 83.72 84.45

78.37

STR

ENG

TH (

MP

a)

CONCRETE SAMPLES

Compressive Strength

7 days 14 days

0

2

4 1.55 2.218 2.859 2.166 1.35

2.925 3.078 3.064 1.73

3.178 3.466 3.577

STR

ENG

TH (

MP

a)

CONCRETE SAMPLES

Split Tensile Strength

7 days 14 days 28 days




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Figure 6: Flexural strength of HSC Comparison in Graph

Durability Test of High Strength Concrete

Water Permeability Test of HSC

Table 9: Comparison of Water permeability test for 4 trail mixes

Figure 7: Water Permeability Test of HSC Comparison in Graph

05

10 5.18 5.32 5.33 5.19 5.6 5.78 5.97 5.58 6.2 6.35 6.38 6.25

STR

ENG

TH (

MP

a)

CONCRETE SAMPLES

Flexural Strength

7 days 14 days 28 days

13.56

14.83

14.43

13.21

12 12.5 13 13.5 14 14.5 15

M70

Cement + 35% Fly Ash + 5% Micro Silica

Cement + 35% Fly Ash + 10% Micro…

Cement + 35% Fly Ash + 15% Micro…

Permeability

Nam

e O

f M

ix

Permeability

Sr.No. Mix Proportions Average Depth Of Penetrations

In Mm

At Pressure

For

72 Hrs.+/- 2

Hrs.

1 M70 13.56 5 Kg/Cm2

2 Cement +35%Fly Ash +5% Micro

silica

14.83 5 Kg/Cm2

3 Cement +40%Fly Ash 10% Micro

silica

14.43 5 Kg/Cm2

4 Cement +45%Fly Ash +15% Micro

silica

13.21 5 Kg/Cm2




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Rapid Chloride Permeability Test of HSC

Table10: Comparison of Rapid Chloride permeability test for 4 trail mixes

Figure8: Rapid Chloride Permeability Test of HSC Comparison in Graph

VI. CONCLUSION

1. On the basis of experimentation work carried out, the following conclusions are drawn: The chemical

property of Fly ash and Micro silica shows that it possesses a cementations property. The workability of

concrete found to be gradually increasing with the addition of Fly ash and Micro Silica in cement.

2. From 4 trial mix, a mixed with 50% Fly Ash 35% 5 to 10%Microsilica was found to meet higher criteria &

possessed maximum compressive strength value.

3. The compressive strength of HSC increase with the time of curing a considerable increase in the

compressive strength of concrete exposed to the atmospheric condition in trial mix 2 the 7,14 ,28 days

strength was higher. As compared to conventional value.

4. The split tensile strength of HSC increase with the time of curing a considerable increase in the split tensile

strength of concrete exposed to the atmospheric condition in trial mix 2, the 7, 14, 28 days strength was

higher as compared to conventional concrete.

5. The Flexural strength of HSC increase with the time of curing a considerable increase in the Flexural

strength of concrete exposed to the atmospheric condition in trial mix 2, the 7, 14, 28 days strength was

higher as compared to conventional concrete. Water penetration depth according to IS 516 And DIN 1048

value by applying of 5kg/cm2 at the rate 72+/-hrs. is higher as similar to other.

6. The rapid chloride permeability test according to (ASTMC 1202) was very low for 28 days curing the

specimen in all condition investigated study.

FUTURE SCOPE

Following are some suggestions for future research

1. The scope of using high performance concrete in our constructional activities lies large, viz., precast, pre

stressed bridges, multi-storied buildings, bridges and structures on coastal areas and like. To affect this

change, we will have to revise the designing to structures by encouraging use of high strength concrete.

2. As soon as micro crack appears, sudden failure is observed in high strength concrete cubes.

3. Fly Ash and Micro silica can be used for different Grade of concrete

Conventional M70 M70 Fly Ash + Micro Silica

Column1 1250 813

1250

813

100

600

1100

1600

Rap

id C

hlo

rid

e p

erm

eab

ility

Sr.No

.

Designation Of Mix Total Charge Passed Through In

Coulombs At 28 Days

Permeability

1 M60 Conventional 1250 Low

2

M60

Fly Ash + Micro

Silica

813

Very Low




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VII. REFRENCE

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performance concrete”, Journal of Construction and Building Materials.

[2] Ahlborn, T., Peuse, E., Mission, D., and Gilbertson, C., (2008). Durability and strength characterization of

ultra-high performance concrete under variable curing regimes. In Proceedings of the 2nd International

Symposium on Ultra High Performance Concrete, Kassel, Germany.

[3] K. S. Al-Jabri, M. B. Waris, and A. H. Al-Saidy, “ Effect of aggregate and water to cement ratio on concrete

properties at elevated temperature,” Fire and Materials, 2016

[4] N. Subramanian, “Evaluation and enhancing the punching shear resistance of flat slabs using HSC,”

Indian Concrete Journal 2005.

[5] M. Hamrat, B. Boulekbache, M. Chemrouk, and S. Amziane, “Shear behavior of RC beams without

stirrups made of normal strength and high strength concrete,” Advances in Structural Engineering.

[6] KIM, HEE S, WON J C, JEONG R C, YOUNG J K AND HYEJIN Y, An Experimental Study on the Behavior of

Shear Keys According to the Curing Time of UHPC, Engineering, 2015.

[7] PREM P P, BHARATHUKUMAR B H, AND NAGESH R L, Mechanical properties of ultra-high performance

concrete, World academy of Science, Engineering and Technology, 1969-1978.

[8] BEYARD O AND PLE O, Fracture mechanics of reactive powder concrete material modeling and

experimental investigations, Engineering Fracture Mechanics, 2003.

[9] Jianxin Ma, Markoorgass “Comparative investigations on Ultra High Performance concrete with and

without course aggregate”.

effect of admixtures on properties of high strength …

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