educational and natl development- evangelene e. hailar

8/13/2019 Educational and Natl Development- EVANGELENE E. HAILAR

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Presented by:

MS. EVANGELENE F. ESQUILLO


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What is poverty?

How poverty affects education?Can education reduce

poverty?.......


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Rank Country Population

1 China 1,336,717,952

2 India 1,189,172,864

3 United States 313,232,032

4 Indonesia 245,613,040

5 Brazil 203,429,776

6 Pakistan 187,342,720

7 Bangladesh 158,570,528

8 Nigeria 155,215,568

9 Russia 138,739,888

10 Japan 126,475,664

11 Mexico 113,724,224

12 Philippines 101,833,936

13 Ethiopia 90,873,736

14 Vietnam 90,549,392

15 Egypt 82,079,632

16 Germany 81,471,832

17 Turkey 78,785,552

18 Iran 77,891,216

19Congo, Democratic Republic of

the71,712,864

20 Thailand 66,720,152

Source:CIA World Factbook- Unless otherwise noted, information in this page is accurate as of January 1, 2011
http://www.indexmundi.com/china/population.htmlhttp://www.indexmundi.com/india/population.htmlhttp://www.indexmundi.com/united_states/population.htmlhttp://www.indexmundi.com/indonesia/population.htmlhttp://www.indexmundi.com/brazil/population.htmlhttp://www.indexmundi.com/pakistan/population.htmlhttp://www.indexmundi.com/bangladesh/population.htmlhttp://www.indexmundi.com/nigeria/population.htmlhttp://www.indexmundi.com/russia/population.htmlhttp://www.indexmundi.com/japan/population.htmlhttp://www.indexmundi.com/mexico/population.htmlhttp://www.indexmundi.com/philippines/population.htmlhttp://www.indexmundi.com/ethiopia/population.htmlhttp://www.indexmundi.com/vietnam/population.htmlhttp://www.indexmundi.com/egypt/population.htmlhttp://www.indexmundi.com/germany/population.htmlhttp://www.indexmundi.com/turkey/population.htmlhttp://www.indexmundi.com/iran/population.htmlhttp://www.indexmundi.com/democratic_republic_of_the_congo/population.htmlhttp://www.indexmundi.com/democratic_republic_of_the_congo/population.htmlhttp://www.indexmundi.com/thailand/population.htmlhttps://www.cia.gov/library/publications/the-world-factbook/https://www.cia.gov/library/publications/the-world-factbook/https://www.cia.gov/library/publications/the-world-factbook/http://www.indexmundi.com/thailand/population.htmlhttp://www.indexmundi.com/democratic_republic_of_the_congo/population.htmlhttp://www.indexmundi.com/democratic_republic_of_the_congo/population.htmlhttp://www.indexmundi.com/iran/population.htmlhttp://www.indexmundi.com/turkey/population.htmlhttp://www.indexmundi.com/germany/population.htmlhttp://www.indexmundi.com/egypt/population.htmlhttp://www.indexmundi.com/vietnam/population.htmlhttp://www.indexmundi.com/ethiopia/population.htmlhttp://www.indexmundi.com/philippines/population.htmlhttp://www.indexmundi.com/mexico/population.htmlhttp://www.indexmundi.com/japan/population.htmlhttp://www.indexmundi.com/russia/population.htmlhttp://www.indexmundi.com/nigeria/population.htmlhttp://www.indexmundi.com/bangladesh/population.htmlhttp://www.indexmundi.com/pakistan/population.htmlhttp://www.indexmundi.com/brazil/population.htmlhttp://www.indexmundi.com/indonesia/population.htmlhttp://www.indexmundi.com/united_states/population.htmlhttp://www.indexmundi.com/india/population.htmlhttp://www.indexmundi.com/china/population.html


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LITERACY RATERANK COUNTRY RATE

92 Venezuela 93

93 Peru 92.9

94 Malta 92.8

95 Brunei 92.7

96 Philippines 92.6
http://www.indexmundi.com/venezuela/literacy.htmlhttp://www.indexmundi.com/peru/literacy.htmlhttp://www.indexmundi.com/malta/literacy.htmlhttp://www.indexmundi.com/brunei/literacy.htmlhttp://www.indexmundi.com/philippines/literacy.htmlhttp://www.indexmundi.com/philippines/literacy.htmlhttp://www.indexmundi.com/brunei/literacy.htmlhttp://www.indexmundi.com/malta/literacy.htmlhttp://www.indexmundi.com/peru/literacy.htmlhttp://www.indexmundi.com/venezuela/literacy.html


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% of pop. Below natl poverty

lineRANK COUNTRY PHILIPPINES

53 Tanzania 36

54Afghanistan 36

55 Uganda 35

56 Ukraine 35

57 Peru 34.8

58 Ecuador 33.1

59 Philippines 32.9
http://www.indexmundi.com/tanzania/population_below_poverty_line.htmlhttp://www.indexmundi.com/afghanistan/population_below_poverty_line.htmlhttp://www.indexmundi.com/uganda/population_below_poverty_line.htmlhttp://www.indexmundi.com/ukraine/population_below_poverty_line.htmlhttp://www.indexmundi.com/peru/population_below_poverty_line.htmlhttp://www.indexmundi.com/ecuador/population_below_poverty_line.htmlhttp://www.indexmundi.com/philippines/population_below_poverty_line.htmlhttp://www.indexmundi.com/philippines/population_below_poverty_line.htmlhttp://www.indexmundi.com/ecuador/population_below_poverty_line.htmlhttp://www.indexmundi.com/peru/population_below_poverty_line.htmlhttp://www.indexmundi.com/ukraine/population_below_poverty_line.htmlhttp://www.indexmundi.com/uganda/population_below_poverty_line.htmlhttp://www.indexmundi.com/afghanistan/population_below_poverty_line.htmlhttp://www.indexmundi.com/tanzania/population_below_poverty_line.html


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Figure I.43Population living in poverty (2005 PPP$1.25 a day),

Asia and the Pacific, earliest and latest


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ce

Annual Per Capita Poverty

Threshold

(in Pesos) d/

Poverty Incidence Among Families (%) Magnitude of Poor Families

Estimates (%)Coefficient of

VariationEstimates

1991

a/2003 2006

200

9

199

1

a/

200

3

200

6

200

9

200

3

200

62009 2003 2006 2009

PHILIPPIN

ES5,776

10,9

76

13,3

48

16,8

4128.3 20.0 21.1 20.9 2.3 2.3 2.1

3,293,

096

3,670,

791

3,855,7

30

NCR 7,50813,99

7

16,48

7

19,8

025.7 2.1 3.4 2.6 12.0 13.1 12.0 48,923 80,828 64,404


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Region

III6,757

12,77

1

15,37

4

18,98

118.7 9.4 12.0 12.0 8.6 8.4 7.6

169,7

71

228,7

41

244,2

73

Aurorab/,c/ 11,277 13,539 16,761 21.1 27.7 19.5 31.8 35.1 53.2 7,919 11,256 6,177

Bataan

b/

12,82

1

15,30

2

19,29

68.1 7.2 7.4 22.3 27.5 21.4

9,98

69,296

10,71

8

Bulaca

n

12,60

7

15,17

0

18,50

2 4.3

5.1

4.8

19.7

17.1

13.8

22,72

2

28,64

1

28,84

5

Nueva

Ecija

13,30

5

16,00

2

19,63

317.7 24.8 26.3 14.0 9.3 9.3

64,80

8

94,02

6

112,3

67

Pampa

nga

12,71

5

15,37

4

18,71

74.9 3.8 6.7 17.8 22.2 16.4

18,98

3

15,74

5

28,58

1

Tarlac12,20

5

14,71

2

18,26

011.6 16.8 15.6 16.7 14.9 15.0

26,73

3

40,49

2

39,99

3

Zamba

les

12,63

7

15,30

0

18,69

113.4 19.5 13.0 23.3 20.6 18.6

18,62

0

29,28

6

17,59

2


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41.9 children lives in low

income families32.7 lives below in national

poverty line


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Paynes Definition of PovertyThe extent to which an individual doeswith out resources. (Payne,A

Framework for Poverty, 2001)


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DefinitionPoverty is the extent to which an individual

does without resources.

Financial

Emotional

Mental

Spiritual

Physical

Support Systems

Relationships/Role Models


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Resources Include Financial-often used to define poverty levels, financial

resources does not explain the differences in success withwhich individuals leave poverty.

Emotional-perseverance, persistence, stamina and controlof emotions

Mental-the ability to process information

Spiritual-believing in a divine purpose and guidance


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Physical-having physical health

SupportSystems-friends and family

Relationships/RoleModels-having access to anappropriate and nurturing adultNo significant learning occurs without a significantrelationship.Dr. James Comer (1995)


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POVERTY The Census Bureau uses a set of money

income thresholds that vary by family size and

composition to determine who is in poverty. Ifa familys total income is less than the familysthreshold, then that family and everyindividual in it is considered in poverty.


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POVERTY THRESHOLD

Example If a family threshold is Php 24,662

This includes mother ,father, two child and an auntie

The earnings :mother= 10,000

father 10,000

auntie 5,000

two child 000

__________________Total: 25,000Since their income is greater than their family threshold, this family,

does not consider as poor according to the definition.

The

for a family of 5 is $24,662.


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Key points about poverty in the

Philippines 3 out of every five individuals under the age of 18 is s living

in poverty

41.9 children lives in low income families

32.7 lives below national poverty line but more than 40%

are claiming that they are below poverty line Regardless of race or ethnicity, poor children are more

likely than non-poor children to suffer developmental delayand damage to drop out of high school

Poverty-prone children are more likely to be in single-

parent families. Poverty is caused by interrelated factors: parental

employment status and earnings, family structure, andparental education


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Generational vs. Situational Poverty Generational

People living inpoverty for at least 2generations

Situational

Lack of resources dueto a particular eventI.e., death, chronicillness, divorce.


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CAUSES OF POVERTYUnemployment

Population growthCorruption

Disability


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Effects of Poverty on Children

Physical Health problems

Cognitive Ability

School Achievement Emotional & Behavioral Outcomes

Teen Out-of-wedlock Childbearing


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Effects of Poverty on Children Before entering kindergarten, the average

cognitive scores of children from high SES(socioeconomic status) is 60% higher than

children from low SESAt age 4, children in poverty are 18 months

below what is normal for their age group(cognitive levels)

Children from middle-income, well-educatedfamilies know about 12,000 words in 3rdgrade.Children in poverty know about 4,000 words.


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Consequences of Poverty on

Children Lack of background knowledge/academicexperiences

Fluid & Crystallized intelligence Vocabulary

Lack of self-confidence as a result of maltreatment

High Correlation between poverty and academicsuccess

Students from low economic status had muchhigher failing rates, 63 to 85 percent higher


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Many individuals do not realize

there is a way out of poverty.Education is the only way to break

the poverty cycle

Poverty affects the ability ofchildren to take full advantage ofeducational opportunities


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What this means at school or

work An education is the key to getting out of poverty. People

leave poverty for one of four reasons:

A goal or vision of something they want to be or have

A situation so painful that anything would be better

A person who sponsors them and shows them a differentway

A talent or ability

Being poor is rarely about a lack of intelligence or ability.

Many stay in poverty because they dont know they have achoice or that no one teaches them or provides resourcesto leave.


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HOW CAN EDUCATION REDUCE

POVERTYDEVELOPED COUNTRIES; USA, UK, JAPAN,

GERMANY ETC.

Almost 100% literacy.

High quality of education.

RESEARCH STUDIES

John Vaizy: After standardising for race, sex,

ability and other characteristics, it has beenshown that the higher the level of education agroup has, the higher its earning power would be.


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CONTRIBUTION OF EDUCATION TO

ECONOMIC DEVELOPMENT DEVELOPMENT OF OCCUPATIONAL SKILL

QUANTITY &QUALITY OF OCCUPATIONAL SKILL

OF NATIONAL OUTPUT IS THROUGH LABOUR

DEVELOPMENT OF THE PEOPLE LEVEL OF INITIATIVE AND INVENTIVENESS

LEADERS, ENTREPRENEURS, ADMINISTRATORS ANDTECHNICIANS

PRODUCTION AND CONSUMPTION PURPOSE

TO EARN A LIVING AND TO ENJOY THE FRUITS OF LIVING


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THROUGH EDUCATION

It can stimulate economic growth through increasedproductivity(skilledlabor, technical and managerialinnovations

It can make strong human capital base (secondary,tertiary and lifelong learning)

National innovation system (training of graduates and

contribution to knowledge generation,adaptation anddissemination

THUS REDUCING POVERTY

T e purpose o e ucation is to prepare


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T e purpose o e ucation is to preparepeople for a changing economy.

Competitiveness

21st

Century SkillsGlobalization

Workforce Readiness

Innovation


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21st

Century Skills Information and communication skills Thinking and problem-solving Interpersonal and self-direction skills

Global awareness Financial, economic and business literacy, and developing

entrepreneurial skills to enhance workplace productivityand career options

Civic literacy


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