Education Code 33.207(b), Education Code 33.207(b), 33.208 33.208

The District shall provide training to studentsThe District shall provide training to students

participating in athletic extracurricularparticipating in athletic extracurricular

activities related to:activities related to:

1.1. Recognizing the symptoms of potentially Recognizing the symptoms of potentially catastrophic injuries, including head and catastrophic injuries, including head and neck injuries, concussions, injuries related neck injuries, concussions, injuries related to second impact syndrome, asthma to second impact syndrome, asthma attacks, heatstroke, cardiac arrest, and attacks, heatstroke, cardiac arrest, and injuries requiring use of a defibrillator; injuries requiring use of a defibrillator; andand

2.2. The risks of using dietary supplements The risks of using dietary supplements designed to enhance or marketed as designed to enhance or marketed as enhancing athletic performanceenhancing athletic performance

Signs and symptoms of a mild brain Signs and symptoms of a mild brain injury: injury: • Brief period of unconsciousness Brief period of unconsciousness

• Headache Headache

• Confusion Confusion

• Dizziness Dizziness

• Sensory problems, such as blurred vision, ringing Sensory problems, such as blurred vision, ringing in the ears or a bad taste in the mouth in the ears or a bad taste in the mouth

• Mood changes Mood changes

• Memory or concentration problemsMemory or concentration problems

If the injury is moderate to severe, the If the injury is moderate to severe, the list of signs and symptoms grows to list of signs and symptoms grows to include:include:• Persistent headache Persistent headache • Repeated vomiting or nausea Repeated vomiting or nausea • Convulsions or seizures Convulsions or seizures • Inability to awaken from sleep Inability to awaken from sleep • Dilation of one or both pupils of the eyes Dilation of one or both pupils of the eyes • Slurred speech Slurred speech • Weakness or numbness in the extremities Weakness or numbness in the extremities • Loss of coordination Loss of coordination • Increased confusion or agitationIncreased confusion or agitation

Spinal cord injuries of any kind Spinal cord injuries of any kind may result in one or more of the may result in one or more of the following signs and symptoms:following signs and symptoms:

• Pain or an intense stinging sensationPain or an intense stinging sensation

• Loss of movement Loss of movement

• Loss of sensation, including the ability to feel heat, Loss of sensation, including the ability to feel heat, cold and touch cold and touch

• Loss of bowel or bladder control Loss of bowel or bladder control

• Exaggerated reflex activities or spasms Exaggerated reflex activities or spasms

• Changes in sexual function, sensitivity and fertilityChanges in sexual function, sensitivity and fertility

• Difficulty breathing, coughing or clearing secretions Difficulty breathing, coughing or clearing secretions from your lungs from your lungs

Emergency signs and symptoms of Emergency signs and symptoms of spinal cord injury spinal cord injury

• Fading in and out of consciousness Fading in and out of consciousness • Extreme back pain or pressure in your neck, head or Extreme back pain or pressure in your neck, head or

back back • Weakness or paralysis in any part of your body Weakness or paralysis in any part of your body • Numbness, tingling or loss of sensation in your hands, Numbness, tingling or loss of sensation in your hands,

fingers, feet or toes fingers, feet or toes • Loss of bladder or bowel control Loss of bladder or bowel control • Difficulty with balance and walking Difficulty with balance and walking • Impaired breathing after injury Impaired breathing after injury • An oddly positioned or twisted neck or backAn oddly positioned or twisted neck or back

The two most common concussion The two most common concussion symptoms are confusion and amnesia.symptoms are confusion and amnesia.

• Immediate signs and Immediate signs and symptoms:symptoms:

– Headache Headache

– Dizziness Dizziness

– Ringing in the ears Ringing in the ears

– Nausea or vomiting Nausea or vomiting

– Slurred speechSlurred speech

• Symptoms of concussion that Symptoms of concussion that don't appear until later.don't appear until later.

– Mood and cognitive Mood and cognitive

disturbances disturbances

– Sensitivity to light and noise Sensitivity to light and noise

– Sleep disturbancesSleep disturbances

Immediate signs and symptoms Immediate signs and symptoms of concussion:of concussion:

• Headache Headache

• Dizziness Dizziness

• Ringing in the ears Ringing in the ears

• Nausea or vomiting Nausea or vomiting

• Slurred speechSlurred speech

Symptoms of concussion that Symptoms of concussion that don't appear until later. don't appear until later.

• Mood and cognitive disturbances Mood and cognitive disturbances

• Sensitivity to light and noise Sensitivity to light and noise

• Sleep disturbances Sleep disturbances

Post-concussion symptoms Post-concussion symptoms include: include:

• Headaches Headaches

• Dizziness Dizziness

• Fatigue Fatigue

• Irritability Irritability

• Anxiety Anxiety

• Insomnia Insomnia

• Loss of concentration and memory Loss of concentration and memory

• Noise and light sensitivityNoise and light sensitivity

Asthma signs and symptoms Asthma signs and symptoms include: include:

• Shortness of breath Shortness of breath

• Chest tightness or pain Chest tightness or pain

• Trouble sleeping caused by shortness of breath, Trouble sleeping caused by shortness of breath, coughing or wheezing coughing or wheezing

• An audible whistling or wheezing sound when An audible whistling or wheezing sound when exhaling exhaling

• Bouts of coughing or wheezing that are worsened Bouts of coughing or wheezing that are worsened by a respiratory virus such as a cold or the flu by a respiratory virus such as a cold or the flu

Signs that your asthma is probably Signs that your asthma is probably getting worse include: getting worse include:

• An increase in the severity and frequency of An increase in the severity and frequency of asthma signs and symptoms asthma signs and symptoms

• A fall in peak flow rates as measured by a peak A fall in peak flow rates as measured by a peak flow meterflow meter

• An increased need to use bronchodilators — An increased need to use bronchodilators — medications that open up airways by relaxing the medications that open up airways by relaxing the surrounding musclessurrounding muscles

Heatstroke symptoms Heatstroke symptoms include: include:

• High body temperature: A body temperature of 104 F High body temperature: A body temperature of 104 F (40 C) or higher is the main sign of heatstroke. (40 C) or higher is the main sign of heatstroke.

• Cessation of sweating: This is often one of the first signs Cessation of sweating: This is often one of the first signs that your body temperature is too high. In heatstroke that your body temperature is too high. In heatstroke brought on by hot weather, your skin is hot and dry to brought on by hot weather, your skin is hot and dry to the touch. However, in heatstroke brought on by the touch. However, in heatstroke brought on by strenuous exercise, your skin usually feels moist.strenuous exercise, your skin usually feels moist.

• Hyperventilation: Your breathing may become rapid Hyperventilation: Your breathing may become rapid and shallow. and shallow.

Heatstroke continued:Heatstroke continued:

• Rapid heart rate (tachycardia): blood pressure usually Rapid heart rate (tachycardia): blood pressure usually

remains normal, your pulse may increase to around 130 remains normal, your pulse may increase to around 130

beats a minute.beats a minute.

• Neurological symptoms: You may have seizures, lose Neurological symptoms: You may have seizures, lose

consciousness, slip into a coma, hallucinate, or have consciousness, slip into a coma, hallucinate, or have

difficulty speaking or understanding what others are difficulty speaking or understanding what others are

saying. saying.

• Muscle cramps or weakness. Your muscles may feel Muscle cramps or weakness. Your muscles may feel

tender or cramped in the early stages of heatstroke, but tender or cramped in the early stages of heatstroke, but

may later go rigid or limp. may later go rigid or limp.

Sudden cardiac arrest symptoms Sudden cardiac arrest symptoms are sudden and drastic: are sudden and drastic:

• Sudden collapse Sudden collapse

• No pulse No pulse

• No breathing No breathing

• Loss of consciousness Loss of consciousness

• Sometimes, other signs and symptoms precede Sometimes, other signs and symptoms precede sudden cardiac arrest, including:sudden cardiac arrest, including:– fatigue, fainting, blackouts, dizziness, chest pain, fatigue, fainting, blackouts, dizziness, chest pain,

shortness of breath, palpitations or vomiting. But shortness of breath, palpitations or vomiting. But sudden cardiac arrest often occurs with no warning. sudden cardiac arrest often occurs with no warning.

Use for Automated External Use for Automated External Defibrillators (AED)Defibrillators (AED)

• Defibrillation is the definitive treatment for Defibrillation is the definitive treatment for the life-threatening cardiac arrhythmias, the life-threatening cardiac arrhythmias, ventricular fibrillation, ventricular ventricular fibrillation, ventricular tachycardia, and sudden cardiac arresttachycardia, and sudden cardiac arrest

– The athletic trainers have access to an AED on The athletic trainers have access to an AED on campus as well at all home venues off campus.campus as well at all home venues off campus.

Risks of Dietary Risks of Dietary SupplementsSupplements

• For the most part, performance enhancing For the most part, performance enhancing

supplements should not be used in association supplements should not be used in association

with athletic competitions. with athletic competitions.

Many times these substances contain high levels of Many times these substances contain high levels of

sugar and caffeine, thus giving you a boost of energy, sugar and caffeine, thus giving you a boost of energy,

then rapidly leaving you with a “drained” feeling.then rapidly leaving you with a “drained” feeling.

• Also caffeine is a diuretic that increases urinary output Also caffeine is a diuretic that increases urinary output

increasing your risk of dehydration.increasing your risk of dehydration.

• Hard work can not be substituted by the Hard work can not be substituted by the

consumption of substances and medications. consumption of substances and medications.

• Your body is meant to withstand the daily Your body is meant to withstand the daily

stresses of athletic activity, enhancement stresses of athletic activity, enhancement

supplements place a larger physiological burden supplements place a larger physiological burden

on your body. on your body.

– These products are marketed toward the older These products are marketed toward the older

population and have no place in high school athletics.population and have no place in high school athletics.

Questions?Questions?