editorial extraction and sample preparationdownloads.hindawi.com/journals/ijac/2015/397275.pdf ·...

EditorialExtraction and Sample Preparation

Mohammad Rezaee,1 Faezeh Khalilian,2 Mohammad Reza Pourjavid,1 Shahram Seidi,3

Alberto Chisvert,4 and Mohamed Abdel-Rehim5

1Nuclear Fuel Cycle Research School, Nuclear Science & Technology Research Institute, Atomic Energy Organization of Iran,P.O. Box 14395-836, Tehran, Iran2Department of Chemistry, College of Basic Science, Islamic Azad University, Yadegar-e-Imam Khomeini (RAH) Branch,P.O. Box 18155-144, Tehran, Iran3Department of Chemistry, K.N. Toosi University of Technology, P.O. Box 15875-4416, Tehran, Iran4Department of Analytical Chemistry, University of Valencia, 46100 Burjassot, Valencia, Spain5Department of Analytical Chemistry, Stockholm University, 10691 Stockholm, Sweden

Correspondence should be addressed to Mohammad Rezaee; [email protected]

Received 1 March 2015; Accepted 1 March 2015

Copyright © 2015 Mohammad Rezaee et al. This is an open access article distributed under the Creative Commons AttributionLicense, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properlycited.

As everyone knows, the role played by extraction and samplepreparation in the analytical sciences cannot be overem-phasized. Despite tremendous advances in chromatography,detection, and other aspects of analysis, extraction andsample preparation remain a preanalysis ritual of criticalimportance. It has been estimated that around 50% to70% possibly even more of the time and effort that goesinto an analytical process comprises extraction and samplepreparation. Sample preparation procedure can vary in thedegree of selectivity, speed, and convenience, depending onthe approach and conditions used, as well as on the geometricconfigurations of the extraction phase and conditions. Properdesign of the extraction devices and procedures facilitatesrapid and convenient on-site implementation, coupled withseparation/quantification and/or automation.

This special issue addresses the research studies on thesample preparation, analytical extraction, and sample clean-up techniques. For example, M. Jabłonska-Czapla reporteda review on chemical speciation and provided numerousexamples of the hyphenated technique usage (e.g., the LC-ICP-MS application in the speciation analysis of chromium,antimony, arsenic, or thallium in water and bottom sedimentsamples). T. Perez-Palacios et al. investigated the use of amixer mill as the homogenization tool for the extraction offree amino acids in meat samples, with the main goal of

analyzing a large number of samples in the shortest timeand minimizing sample amount and solvent volume. It takesless time and requires lower amount of sample and solventthan conventional techniques. N. Sher et al. studied col-orimetric visible spectrophotometric quantification methodsfor amino acids, namely, tranexamic acid and pregabalin.Both drugs contain the amino group, and when reacted with2,4-dinitrophenol and 2,4,6-trinitrophenol they give rise toyellow colored complexes showing absorption maximum at418 nmand 425 nm, respectively, based on the Lewis acid basereaction.

J. A. Rodrıguez et al. reported magnetic solid phaseextraction of tartrazine from nonalcoholic beverages. Themethod involves the extraction and clean-up by activatedcarbon covered with magnetite dispersed in the sample, fol-lowed by themagnetic isolation and desorption of the analyteby basified methanol. The proposed methodology saves timeand is less expensive than the referencemethod.M. Khorshidet al. reported QuEChERS (quick, easy, cheap, effective,rugged, and safe) method for extraction followed by solidphase extraction for sample purification and gas chromatog-raphy mass spectrometer, GCMS, for determination of 16PAHs in fish at low LOQ level. E. A. Pfannkoch et al. reportedcombination QuEChERS and SBSE methods for extractionand concentration PAHs from fish and shellfish. I. Amin et al.

Hindawi Publishing CorporationInternational Journal of Analytical ChemistryVolume 2015, Article ID 397275, 2 pageshttp://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2015/397275

2 International Journal of Analytical Chemistry

reported a semiautomated extraction protocol of HCV-RNAusing Favorgen RNA extraction kit.The kit provided protocolwas modified by replacing manual spin steps with vacuumfiltration. The assay performance was evaluated by real timeqPCRbased onTaqman technology.W.Wang et al. reported ahigh throughput sample preparationmethod utilizingmixed-mode solid phase extraction (SPE) in 96-well plate formatfor the determination of free arachidonic acid in plasmaby LC-MS/MS. J. Knutsson et al. reported an uncertaintybudget for the determination of fully labile Cu in waterusing a DGT passive sampler. H.-R. Lee et al. reported twodifferent ionization techniques including electrospray ion-ization (ESI) and atmospheric pressure chemical ionization(APCI) coupled with liquid chromatography-tandem massspectrometry (LC-MS/MS) for the analysis of cholesterylesters (CEs). The ESI technique proved to be effective inionizing more kinds of CEs than the APCI technique. J.Wang et al. evaluated various existing protein extractionbuffers with zebrafish liver tumor samples and found thatsodium deoxycholate (DOC) based extraction buffer withheat denaturation was the most effective approach for highlyefficient extraction of proteins from complex tissues suchas the zebrafish liver tumor. B. B. Burckhardt and S. Laeerdeveloped sample preparation exemplified by solid phaseextraction for the bioanalytical method development of low-volume assays for pediatric studies according to internationalagency guidelines. A. Rehman et al. suggested thatOxalis cor-niculata has good antibacterial, antifungal, and insecticidalproperties and can be used for the treatment of infections andcontrol of insects.The plant extracts could be a new source forantibiotics and pesticides with minimum noxious effects onthe environment. Further studies may also lead to isolatingand characterizing the active compounds of the plant extractsand elucidating their biological mechanisms of action.

Acknowledgments

Finally, the guest editors would like to express sincere appre-ciation to all the authors for their contributions. Moreover,thanks are extended to all reviewers for their time enhancingthe quality of these papers.

Mohammad RezaeeFaezeh Khalilian

Mohammad Reza PourjavidShahram Seidi

Alberto ChisvertMohamed Abdel-Rehim

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