edia division titre de la présentation en arial, 45 alpican capacitors f.dupré 09/11/2012

EDIA DIVISION

Titre de la présentation en Arial, 45Alpican capacitors

F.Dupré09/11/2012

DIVISION EDIA DEPARTEMENT

WHY POWER FACTOR CORRECTION?

To run properly an installation needs active and reactive energy Utilities set penalties if reactive energy used is too high (no interest for them to supply it) This is often measured considering power factor or cos φ

Installing PFC systems allows to avoid penalties by increasing cos φ (by supplying reactive energy)

0,7 0,95 (Example)

2

cos φ

Penalties No penalties


WHY POWER FACTOR CORRECTION?

Example: before power factor correction cos φ = 0,7 (100/142) using power factor correction system provides reactive energy, expressed in kVAr, apparent energy decreases new cos φ = 0,95 (100/105), penalties are cancelled as target cos φ is reached

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kVA

kW

kVArφ

kVA

kWPF )cos(

Apparent power

Real power = 100 kW

Re

ac

tiv

e p

ow

erBefore = 142 kVA

Before =

100 kVAr

After = 105 kVAAfter = 33 kVAr

Capacitance added

= 67 kVAr

Power Factor Calculations

• Before PF = 100/142 = 0.70 or 70 %• After PF = 100/105 = 0.95 or 95%

Saved power 37 kVA

Only without harmonics


FIXED AND AUTOMATIC SYSTEMS

Fixed system : for constant loads, ex: motors (20% of applications) Reactive energy supplied is linear

Automatic system : for variable loads (80% of applications) Reactive energy supplied varies according to the load (kW)

4

kvar

kvar


LOCATION OF PFC SYSTEMS


COMPONENTS FOR PFC SYSTEMS

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capacitor step

contactorswitches the steps on/off

capacitor

power factor controller: monitors the steps to reach target cos φ


TECHNICAL CHARACTERISTICS OF ALPICAN

Capacitors declined in 400V, 415V, 440V and 480V (nominal voltage) Legrand 6 digits ref no. Powers from 5 kvar to 30 kvar 3 phase 50 Hz / 60 Hz Life cycle up to 100 000 hours Overcurrent capability: 1.3 In Inrush capability: up to 200 In Conform to IEC 60831-1&2

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BENEFITS OF THE RANGE

Dielectric: self healing polypropylene film In case of short circuits, the film repairs itself (to a certain limit), preventing the destruction of the capacitor This is a first level of protection

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Impregnant: non PCB semi-dry resin Reduces the risk of leaking Reduces the risk of fire as there is no liquid inside (oil) Vacuum technology insures perfect electrical contacts as there is no moisture inside

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3 pole in overpressure disconnector Prevents the capacitor from bursting if pressure inside is too high Special design allows smooth pressure increase and safe disconnection of fuses “Pop up” deformation avoids brutal opening Dedicated “cut off” zones and arc extinguisher

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Terminal connection Straight forward connection Protection against electric shocks (IP 20) Cable cross section up to 16 mm²

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Discharge resistors Discharge capacitor and prevent from electric shocks Need to switch capacitor in automatic systems Pre mounted, time saving for assembly Made in ceramic:protection against electric shocks (IP 2X) Centered position allows connection of capacitor on both sides

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Mounting bottom stud The stud forms a solid permanent earthing

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REFERENCE NUMBERS

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Range 400 V Ref. No.

2.5 kVAr 4 151 60

5 kVAr 4 151 61

6.3 kVAr 4 151 62

7.5 kVAr 4 151 63

10 kVAr 4 151 64

12.5 kVAr 4 151 65

15 kVAr 4 151 66

20 kVAr 4 151 67

25 kVAr 4 151 68


2.5 kVAr 4 151 69

5 kVAr 4 151 70

6.3 kVAr 4 151 71

7.5 kVAr 4 151 72

10 kVAr 4 151 73

12.5 kVAr 4 151 74

15 kVAr 4 151 75

20 kVAr 4 151 76

25 kVAr 4 151 77

Range 440V Ref. No.

2.5 kVAr 4 151 78

5 kVAr 4 151 79

6.3 kVAr 4 151 80

7.5 kVAr 4 151 81

10 kVAr 4 151 82

12.5 kVAr 4 151 83

15 kVAr 4 151 84

20 kVAr 4 151 85

25 kVAr 4 151 86

30 kVAr 4 151 87


5 kVAr 4 151 88

10.4 kVAr 4 151 89

12.5 kVAr 4 151 90

15 kVAr 4 151 91

20.8 kVAr 4 151 92

25 kVAr 4 151 93

30 kVAr 4 151 94

Products stocked in Verneuil


DIMENSIONS OVERVIEW

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Exa

mpl

e fo

r 44

0 V

ran

ge

2.5 kVAr

6.3 kVAr

5 kVAr

7.5 kVAr

12.5 kVAr

10 kVAr

15 kVAr

25 kVAr

20 kVAr

30 kVAr


COMPOSITION OF A CAPACITOR BANK

An automatic capacitor bank is made of steps with different powers expressed in kvar

Example: 100 kvar ( at 400V) cabinet made of:

Step 1: 12.5 kvar (4151 65) Step 2: 12.5 kvar (4151 65) Step 3 : 25 kvar (4151 68) Step 4 : 50 kvar (2x 4151 68)

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PRODUCTS ASSOCIATED TO ALPICAN

Those products needed to build automatic capacitor banks can be sold together with Alpican to provide added value: power factor controllers: select the steps in automatic systems to reach the targeted power factor contactors: switch steps in automatic systems detuned reactors: protect capacitors against harmonics if the network is polluted (speed variators, UPS etc..)

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Power factor controllers

CTX-C contactors

Detuned reactors


DEFINITION OF HARMONICS

Short definition for harmonics

• Harmonics are current or voltage with frequencies of n x Nominal Networks frequency (50 Hz or 60 Hz) added to this nominal frequency

• They are generated by non-linear loads like electrical equipment with power electronic (converters, inverters,…) or variable impedance load using electric arcs

• They can be measured with THDi (current) and THDu (Voltage) values expressed in %

Order 1 (50 Hz) = fondamental

Order 3 (150 Hz)

Order 5 (250 Hz)

Order 7 (350 Hz)

Order 9 (450 Hz)

=+

+

++


DETUNED REACTORS ASSOCIATED

Power (kvar) 440/400V

Ref. No.Reactor 189 Hz

Associated capacitorRange 440V

10 kVAr/ 8 kVAr SAH-4.31-16.2 4151 82

12.5 kVAr / 10 kVAr SAH-3.45-20.2 4151 83

25 kVAr / 20 kVAr SAH-1.73-40.4 41 51 86

50 kVAr / 40 kVAr SAH-0.86-80.8 2x 4151 86

75 kVAr / 60 kVAr SAH-0.58-121.2 3x 4151 86

100 kVAr / 80 kVAr SAH-0.43-161.6 4x 4151 86

Detuned reactors are protecting capacitors against harmonic pollution of the network (expressed in THDU % and THDI %)There are connected in series with Alpican

For general applications Range 189 Hz/p%=7 When harmonic rank 3 is important Range 135 Hz/p%=14

Power (kvar)480V

Ref. No.Reactor 135 Hz

Associated capacitorRange 480V

12.5 kVAr SAH-8.1-15.7 4151 90

25 kVAr SAH-4.05-28.9 4151 93

50 kVAr SAH-2.02-62.8 2x41 51 93

100 kVAr SAH-1.35-94.2 3x 4151 93


ITEM NUMBERS FOR CONTACTORS

CTX-Cref. No.

Up to 12.5 kvar 296 05

Up to16.7 kvar 296 15

Up to 20 kvar 296 25




For capacitors banks without detuned reactors, contactors with series resistors have to be used (CTX-C contactors) For capacitor banks with detuned reactors, power contactors can be used


ITEM NUMBERS FOR CONTROLLERS

Number of controlled steps Ref. No.

Up to 4 Alpetc4

Up to 6 Alptec6

Up to 12 Alptec 12B

Controllers monitor the steps within automatic capacitor banks Exist in 4,6 and 12 steps devices


Powers of capacitor is proportional to ratio of square voltages Ex : 30 kvar at 440V = 25 kvar at 400V , (440²/400²)*25= 30

Selection to be made according to the grid, 400V, 415 V etc.. When used with detuned reactors, voltage increases so it is necessary to upgrade the rated voltage of capacitor

CHOICE OF CAPACITORS

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Un 50 Hz 60 Hz

440 V 30 kvar 36 kvar

415 V 27 kvar 32 kvar

400 V 25 kvar 30 kvar2

22

1

21

P

U

P

U

Frequency effect : + 20 %


Example Installation with network voltage of 400V Need for 20 kvar, no harmonic pollution, choose capacitor 400V/ 20 kvar : 4151 68

Same installation but with harmonic pollution where reactors are necessary Choose capacitor in 440V rated voltage + associated reactor: (25 kvar 440V = 20 kvar 400 V) 4151 86 + SAH-1.73-40.4

CHOICE OF CAPACITORS

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A COMPLETE RANGE OF CAPACITORS

Access range: Alpican for all type of sites

Premium range: Alpivar² can sometimes substitute Alpican for sites with high technical constraints (industry)

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SEGMENTS

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IndustryLarge commercialSmall commercial

Alpican can be sold on nearly all segments in commercial and industrial areas All installation need power factor correction systems


CUSTOMER TARGETS

Distributors: stock fixed capacitors, for flow business

Panel builders, generalists or specialists in PFC, they use capacitors to assemble automatic banks

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ADDED VALUE IN POWER DISTRIBUTION

PFC can represent up to 10 % of added value in a power project in addition to others products: ACBs, MCCBS, transformers, busbars…

Most countries worldwide consider penalties for reactive energy, increasing need for energy will emphasis it

ROI for installations is quite fast with a maximum of around 2 years

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COMPETITORS

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International electrical distribution leaders focus on big project propose a complete power package including PFC

International PFC specialists have international presence but some strong areas as per their country of origin propose either components (capacitors) or complete systems (capacitor banks)

Locals manufacturers only present on their domestic markets, have an aggressive price policy


PRICE POSITIONING

Local integrators

International specialists

Major power distribution leaders

price

quality


TOOLS AVAILABLE

Alpican leafletSamplesTechnical data sheetsPricing tool

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edia division titre de la présentation en arial, 45 alpican capacitors f.dupré 09/11/2012

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