edffacts-and-figures_2012
DESCRIPTION
EDFTRANSCRIPT
2
DisclaimerThis presentation does not constitute an offer to sell securities in the United States or any other jurisdiction.
No reliance should be placed on the accuracy, completeness or correctness of the information or opinions contained in thispresentation, and none of EDF representatives shall bear any liability for any loss arising from any use of this presentation orits contents.
The present document may contain forward-looking statements and targets concerning the Group’s strategy, financialposition or results. EDF considers that these forward-looking statements and targets are based on reasonable assumptions,which can be however inaccurate and are subject to numerous risks and uncertainties, many of which are outside the controlof the company, and as a result of which actual results may differ materially from expected results. Important factors thatcould cause actual results, performance or achievements of the Group to differ materially from those contemplated in thisdocument include in particular the successful implementation of EDF strategic, financial and operational initiatives based onits current business model as an integrated operator, changes in the competitive and regulatory framework of the energymarkets, as well as risk and uncertainties relating to the Group’s activities, its international scope, the climatic environment,the volatility of raw materials prices and currency exchange rates, the strengthening of safety regulations, technologicalchanges, changes in the general economic.
Detailed information regarding these uncertainties and potential risks are available in the reference document (Document deréférence) of EDF filed with the Autorité des marchés financiers on April 5, 2013, which is available on the AMF's website atwww.amf-france.org and on EDF’s website at www.edf.com.
EDF does not undertake nor does it have any obligation to update forward-looking information contained in this presentationto reflect any unexpected events or circumstances arising after the date of this presentation.
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Before Starting
To help you understand the terms used, you will find a glossary at the end of the document
Moreover, you will find throughout the document some « Did you know? » take-away boxes, which enlighten a
specific concept
Many other information are available in our reference document, which you can download under:
http://shareholders-and-investors.edf.com/news-and-publications/reference-documents-45430.html
2012 Facts & figures news
The 2012 Facts & Figures contains the following new items:
An updated strategy part
A dedicated sustainable development part
A focus on Edison’s activities in the financial section
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To help you navigate through this document, hypertext links haven been incorporated
A click on the EDF logo will bring you back to the main table of contents (p.5)
Within the document, a “title bar” indicates in which part of the document you are in.
A click on the arrow with the name of the part will bring you back to the beginning of this part:
EDF main businesses Generation Networks Optimization - Trading - Supply Gas
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Table of contents
The EDF Group
EDF’s strategy within the energy sector
EDF main businesses
EDF Group corporate responsibility approach and process
Financials
Market data
Appendices
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42
51
146
158
202
213
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The EDF Group
The EDF Group EDF main businessesEDF strategy Financials Market data Appendices
Overview of the EDF Group
A state-owned listed company
Country profiles
Corporate responsibility
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23
29
8
EDF at a glance
Worldwide leader in the electricity sector, #1 nuclear operator
Operational excellence and valuable experience across the electricity value chain (generation, networks, supply and optimization / trading)
A reinforced financial solidity with the highest credit rating in the industry, backed by a very strong liquidity position
An integrated model optimizing the whole value chain
Strong defensive characteristics in a difficult economic environment
Well positioned to thrive in a low carbon world
The EDF Group Overview of the EDF Group A state-owned listed companies Country profiles
Strong ties to the French State (~85% ownership)
Much of EDF business is regulated (networks) or highly visible (tariffs, PPA…)
A lower exposure to commodity price risks compared to its peers
A low-carbon strategy driven by nuclear and renewables
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The key factors for success in 2012D Demonstration of the integrated and diversified model strength
Industrial and responsible priorities
1
3
Excellent nuclear performance in the UK (+7.5 %) and sharp rise in hydropower production
(+28.7%) that partially offset the lower nuclear output in France (-3.8%)
Record of renewable plants commissioning: +1,550 MW
Improvement of the operational performance of distribution in France
Finalization of Edison takeover allows for major positions in the Italian energy market and an international gas platform for the Group
Over 6,000 new hires in 2012, including 2,000 positions created
Financial structure consistent with the industrial model2
CSPE: agreement on the recovery deficits and allocation to dedicated assets Successful inaugural hybrid bond issuance under the ongoing debt management
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The Group’s economic equation: key topics in 2013
Tariff equation in France
ARENH formula(1)
New Nuclear Build in the United Kingdom
ERDF(2)
(1) Regulated access to historical nuclear electricity. See page 29 for more details
(2) EDF 100% owned distribution business in France
The EDF Group Overview of the EDF Group A state-owned listed companies Country profiles
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Tariff equation in FranceTariff structure in France not commensurate with increasing investments in generation fleet
€2.2bn
27%
3%8%
31%
9%
22%
Average bill breakdown including VATBlue residential tariff in France
(1) As of 1 January 2013 – average annual consumption of 4.843 MWh / year – annual bill of €693 including tax
€143/MWh(1)
Tariff(excl.tax)
=€97/MWh
Other taxes
(VAT + TCFE + CTA)
CSPE
TURPE
Supply costs
Baseload power
Shape factor
Generation component («baseload» + «shape factor») of residential blue tariff in €2012/MWh
Capex for maintaining generation fleet in €bn2012
2010 2011 2012
Generation component accounts for less than 30% of total selling price and is stable in real terms
€38/MWh
«Baseload»
«Shape
factor»
€3.3bn
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ARENH formula
Price of ARENH set consistently with the TaRTAM at €40/MWh in July 2011,
then €42/MWh at 1 January 2012
Principles of the NOME law of December 2010
□ Convergence of the baseload power component of tariffs towards ARENH in 2015
□ The price of ARENH must reflect “the economic conditions of nuclear generation”, i.e.
the total current economic cost of the existing nuclear fleet evaluated by the
« Cour des Comptes(1) » to be €54.22010/MWh on 2011-2025
The current level of €42/MWh does not reflect the total economic cost of generated MWh
Completion of changes by end-2013
Definition of the ARENH formula in 2013 to boost visibility
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(1) Government Audit Body
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Making the right decision on Nuclear New Buildin the UK
The EDF Group Overview of the EDF Group A state-owned listed companies Country profiles
Major progress on the Hinkley Point C project in 2012Main phases accomplished leading to investment decision
(1) The Contract for Difference is a contractual mechanism encouraging investments in energy sources with low CO2 emissions
By EDF
Negotiations with the main suppliersof Hinkley Point C
Strengthened organisation implemented
Hinkley Point C site “Shovel ready”
Agreement with the local authorities
By the UK government and regulators
Certification by the nuclear safety authority
□ of EDF’s organisation for building and operating the HPC site (Nuclear Site License)
□ of the design of the EPR (Design Acceptance Certificate)
Recommendation for the building permit obtained from the Secretary of State for Energy and Climate Change on March 19
Publication of the Energy law and vote uponsecond reading
Objective:
□ Commercial close: conclude negotiations on the CfD(1) by the end of 2013
□ Financial close: make an investment decision as soon as possible after the commercial close
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French State Council overruling of electricity distribution tariffs for the period 2009-2013 (TURPE 3) because of inadequate methodology for calculating tariff
CRE consultation of 13 February 2013 has confirmed a negative impact of only €62m for the new TURPE 3
Need for consistency of dimensions of ERDF model
Contractual dimension
Tariff dimension
Redefining an economic vision for ERDF’s compensation
Issues faced by the distributor
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EDF Group key figures
Operational figures (2012)
Sales: €72.7bn
EBITDA: €16.1bn
Net financial debt: €39.2bn(2)
Ratings: A+ stable(3) (S&P) / Aa3 neg (Moody’s)/A+ stable (Fitch) / AA+ (JCR)
Vigeo: overall score of 55/100
FTSE4Good: integration of EDF to the index in March 2012
Financials (2012)
Environmental and social responsibility (2012)
~39.3 million clients worldwide (gas and electricity)
139.5 GW(1) installed worldwide
o/w 74.7 GW nuclear
37.9 GW thermal plants
26.9 GW hydropower and renewable
~1.4 M km of networks,both for Transmission and Distribution through its affiliated companies
~160,000 employees
o/w ~ 38,000 in French distribution
o/w ~ 38,000 in French generationand engineering
o/w ~ 15,000 in EDF Energy
(1) Net generation capacity
(2) Pro-forma after allocation of the CSPE deficit to dedicated assets on 13 February 2013 and subtraction of €2.4bn from dedicated assets portfolio, enabling 100% coverage of the EDF
nuclear liabilities that are eligible for dedicated assets
(3) Downgrade from AA- to A+ on 18 January 2012 following France downgrade
The EDF Group Overview of the EDF Group A state-owned listed companies Country profiles
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The EDF Executive Committee (1/2)A graduate from HEC, Henri Proglio has been appointed Chairman and CEO of EDF in November 2009, after being a
non-executive director since September 2004. Before that, he was Chairman and CEO of Veolia Environnement from
2003 to November 2009. He is also a non-executive director in other CAC 40 Groups. On top of that, he is a member
of Committee for Atomic Energy, of the Committee for Transparency and Information on Nuclear Safety as well as
Chairman of the association Electra.
A graduate of the “Ecole Normale Supérieure de Sèvres”, the “Ecole Nationale d’Administration” (CondorcetPromotion) and the “Institut d’Etudes Politiques” in Paris, she also holds an aggregation in Classics and a MastersDegree in French Literature. She joined the Council of State in 1992 and became Counselor in 2007. In December2010, she has been appointed Group Senior Executive Vice President Human Resources, after having beenCorporate Secretary from June 2007 to December 2009 and General Counsel from January 2005 to December 2009.
Marianne LAIGNEAUGroup Senior Executive
Vice President ,
Human Resources
Pierre LEDERERCEO special advisor
A graduate of Physical Science and Mathematics, Pierre Lederer joined EDF in 1974. He was appointed Chief of the
General Economic Studies Department in 1992, Director of Strategy in 1996, and Director of "Strategy-Valorisation-
Optimization" at the Thermal Generation of the Group in 1999. In 2000, he joined the Executive Management Board of
EnBW and became Vice President in 2007. In February 2009, Pierre Lederer was appointed Senior Executive Vice
President of EDF S.A., in charge of Customers, Optimization and Trading. He also supervises the Continental Europe
zone.
Henri PROGLIOChairman and CEO
HENRI LAFONTAINEGroup Senior Executive
Vice President,
Customers / Optimization /
Trading and the Island
Energy Systems
A graduate from Supélec, mathematical master, Henri Lafontaine joined EDF in 1983 where he occupied a variety of positions in France at the Directorate of Distribution and International as the CEO of EDENOR. Since September 2012, he is Group Senior Executive Vice President in charge of Customers, Optimization and Trading as well as Island Energy Systems. He is also a non-executive director in several companies: EDFI, EDF Energy, Fenice, EDF Luminus, Electricité de Strasbourg.
The EDF Group Overview of the EDF Group A state-owned listed companies Country profiles
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The EDF Executive Committee (2/2)
A graduate of ESSEC. After holding several positions at the investment bank Lazard Frères, he became in January 2009 Senior Executive Vice President in charge of Finance of Veolia Environment and joined the Group’s Executive Committee. He joined the EDF Group in December 2009, as Group Senior Executive Vice president, Finance. He also supervises the North America zone.
In 2008, Thomas Piquemal co-founded the “Académie Christophe Tiozzo”, whose mission is to promote the social and professional integration of young people from deprived areas.
A graduate of the “Ecole Nationale Supérieure d’Hydraulique de Grenoble”, he held various positions within the Group,especially regarding international development. In mid-2003, he created EDF Energy and has since been Chief ExecutiveOfficer. He supervises the United Kingdom area. He was named National Ambassador by HRH the Prince of Wales, inJuly 2009, for his significant contribution to the Prince’s Business in the Community projects.
A PhD in Law and a graduate of the ”Institut d’Administration d’Entreprises”, he held various positions in different companies. In March 2007, he became Coporate Secretary of Veolia Environnement. In December 2009, he was appointed Coporate Secretary of the EDF Group. He is charge of legal departments, risk, security and sustainable development, information systems and shared services.
Thomas PIQUEMALGroup Senior Executive
Vice President,
Finance
Vincent de RIVAZChief Executive
of EDF Energy
Alain TCHERNONOGGeneral Secretary
A former student of the “Ecole Polytechnique” technical school (1968), engineer of the “Ecole des Ponts et Chaussées”and a graduate of the “Institut d’Etudes Politiques” in Paris. After a variety of assignments at the Ivory Coast Ministry ofPlanning and for the World Bank, he joined EDF in 1982, where he was among other in charge of the Group’s French andInternational nuclear programs, as well as of the development of the Group in Asia-Pacific. Since 2009, he is GroupSenior Executive Vice President, Generation. He also supervises the Asia-Pacific zone.
Hervé MACHENAUDGroup Senior Executive
Vice President,
generation and engineering
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EDF since 1946
Development in France
International Development
Structural changesin the EDF Group
Nationalization of the electricity and gas sectors
Creation of EDF as an EPIC by the Law of 8 April 1946
On 20 November 2004, EDF becomes a French SA
IPO(1) in 2005 and creation of RTE to guarantee non-discriminatory access to the market
Opening of the French market, first for B2B (2000 to 2004),
then for B2C from 2007
Launch of the commercial-scale nuclear program
Development of the French industrial base, including
Hydro and Nuclear facilities
Acquisition of British Energy
Disposal of EnBWand of the UK networks
Buy-out of EDF Energies nouvelles
Start of the international development, first in South America, then in Europe with the UK
(from 1998 onwards), Germany (2001) and Italy (2005)
1946 1963 1990 1999 2004 2005 2009 2010 2011 2012
Edison’s takeover
The EDF Group Overview of the EDF Group A state-owned listed companies Country profiles
(1) Initial Public Offering
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EDF global footprint
642.6 TWhGlobal generation 2012~75.5% Nuclear~8.9% Fossil fired (excluding gas)~9.1% Renewables(1)
~6.5% Combined cycle gas and cogeneration
39.3 million ofCustomers
€16.1bnEBITDA 2012
Did you know?
France• EDF
• RTE
• ERDF
• Island Energy Systems
United Kingdom• EDF Energy
Poland (main subsidiaries)• EDF Wybrzeze
• EDF Rybnik
• EDF Krakow
• Kogeneracja
Slovakia• Groupe SSE(2)
Hungary• Be ZRt
• EDF Démasz ZRt
Austria• ESTAG
Belgium• EDF Belgium
• EDF Luminus
Netherlands• Sloe Centrale BV
Italy• Edison
• Fenice
Switzerland• Alpiq
Spain• Elcogaz
USA• Constellation Energy Nuclear
Group
Brasil• Norte Fluminense
China• Figlec
• SZPC
• DSPC
Vietnam• MECO
Laos• NPTC
Other activities(main subsidiaries)• EDF EN
• Tiru
• Electricité de Strasbourg
• Dalkia
• EDF Trading
% of 2012 EBITDA Group France 62%
United Kingdom 13%
Italy 6%
Other International 7%
Other activities 12%
(1) Including hydropower
(2) On 24 May 2013, EDF and EPH has signed definitive agreement for the sale of 49% of Stredoslovenska Energetika A.S.
(SSE). The contemplated transaction will be submitted for authorization to a general meeting of shareholders of SSE.
Closing is expected during second semester of 2013 following receipt of antitrust clearance
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Remain a benchmark employer (1/2)
Being an industrial Group with a strong technological expertise, long-term activities and missions of general interest, EDF is keen to invest in a lasting way into the competencies and the performance of its staff
Men and women play a key role in the Group’s Performance: focus on training
A landmark investment to provide to all employees of the Group professionalization programs and in order to ensure the transmission of necessary skills for the industrial Group project: 82% of employees in the Group attended at least one training course in 2012 (average of 58h training received by employee trained)
7.3% of the payroll was allocated for training (almost €550m), as much as for R&D activities
Being a benchmark employer in terms of employee commitment and social performance
A pioneer Group-level agreement « Corporate Social Responsibility » (signed in 2004)
A strong commitment for the health and safety of employees and subcontractors to reduce, by 15% per year, the number of accidents over the next five years
1st prize of the « Trophée de la réputation » in the category « Responsabilité sociale », award handed out by Syntec Council in Public Relations and La Tribune (April 2013)
The EDF Group Overview of the EDF Group A state-owned listed companies Country profiles
82% of Group employees attended at least one training course in 2012
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Remain a benchmark employer (2/2) Having both a strong local presence and an international profile
159,740 employees in the Group of which 41,228 women (26%)
More than 16% of the France workforce(1) could retire by 2016, in particular in generation engineering and distribution staff, which represent two-third of the employees in this scope
Until 2014, the Group will maintain a level of recruitment that is adapted to these stakes and reaffirms its commitment to work-study trainees, which is a source of diversity and competencies. In 2012, over 12,500 people were recruited in the Group, almost half of which at EDF SA and ERDF
EDF remains the benchmark employer on technical profiles
– 6th of the Universum engineer rating 2012
– 1st of the TNS Sofres engineer rating 2012
– 1st employer of Randstad Awards 2012 (energy sector)
Development of international scope and employer brand
Over 6,700 work-study trainees at Group level in 2012
Managing change smoothly and accountably
Development of managerial training by the Group’s Management University (UGM)
– Over 3,000 managers or leaders followed the UGM
– 3,500 managers or leaders have been involved in managerial assistance programs in their units
First internal opinion survey in the Group, «My EDF»: 90,000 employees answered for the first time in 2012
EDF SA
43%
Dalkia
International
10%
Other10%
ERDF24%
EDF EN2%
EDF Energy9%
Edison2%
159,740
employees
Percentages calculated based on the number of employees
In France, one-third of employees are in distribution, one-third in generation and engineering
Did you know?
(1) EDF SA and ERDF
The EDF Group Overview of the EDF Group A state-owned listed companies Country profiles
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Presence across the whole electricity value chain
(1) Consolidated data
(2) Island Energy Systems
(3) RTE is consolidated under the equity method
(4) Data at 100%
(5) On 24 May 2013, EDF and EPH has signed definitive agreement for the sale of 49% of Stredoslovenska Energetika A.S. (SSE). The contemplated transaction will be submitted for
authorization to a general meeting of shareholders of SSE. Closing is expected during second semester of 2013 following receipt of antitrust clearance
EDF is also activein third-party management,in contractual engineeringthrough partnerships:
in the networks business (e.g. with MRSK in Russia),
in the optimization activities (e.g. 26 GW optimized by EDF Trading in the US),
in the O&M business (e.g. EDF Renewable Energy in the US)
In power generation (e.g. Nam Theun Damin Laos)
Did you know?Electric capacity(1) Transmission DistributionSupply (# customers
electricity and gas)
Networks
France (inc.SEI(2)) EDF SA: 99.8 GWRTE(3) (100%):
more than 100,000kmERDF (100%): 1.3 M km EDF SA : ~29 M
United Kingdom EDF Energy: 14.2 GW EDF Energy : ~5.8 M
ItalyEdison: 7.7 GW
Fenice: 0.5 GWEdison: ~1.5 M
BelgiumEDF Luminus: 2.0 GW
EDF Belgium: 0.5 GW
EDF Luminus:
~1.7 M
United States CENG: 1.9 GW
OtherOther: 6.4 GW (o/w Poland,
Slovakia(5), Hungary)
Demasz (100%): 32,000 km
SSE(5) (49%): 33,400 km(4)
Demasz: ~770,000
SSE(5): ~630,000(4)
Other activitiesOther activities: 6.7 GW
o/w EDF EN: 4.2 GW
Supporting activities
Trading activities: EDF Trading
Energy services: Dalkia, Fenice
Oth
er
Inte
rna
tio
na
lThe EDF Group Overview of the EDF Group A state-owned listed companies Country profiles
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EDF SA governance in 2012
Board of Directors
(18 members)
Audit Committee
(6 members selected by the Board)
Nuclear Commitments Monitoring
Committee
(5 membres selected by the Board)
Strategy Committee
(8 members selected by the Board)
Ethics Committee
(6 members selected by the Board)
Nominations and compensation
committee
(3 members selected by the Board)
The President(1) is a member of the Board
appointed by the Shareholders’ AGM; 2
members represent the State while 3
members are elected by employees
The President(2) and one member are
appointed by the Shareholders’ AGM; 1
member represents the State
During the Shareholders’ AGM. During the
30 May 2013 AGM, it has been decided
that the committee must include an
administrator representing the employees
The President(2) is the Chief Executive
Officer; an other member is appointed by
the Shareholders’ AGM;
3 Members represent the State and 3 are
elected by employees
(1) The President of the Audit Committee satisfies the criteria of skills (art. L.823-19 C. Com.) and independence(code Afep-Medef)
(2) The President of the Committee satisfies the independence criteria (code Afep-Medef)
6 Directors appointed by the
Shareholders’ AGM,
6 Directors representing the State
6 Directors elected by employees
The President(2) is a member of the Council
elected by the Shareholders’ AGM; 1
member is an administrator representing the
State and 4 are administrators elected by
the employees
The President(2) is a member of the Board
appointed by the Shareholders’ AGM; 2
members represent the State and 2 are
elected by employees
The EDF Group Overview of the EDF Group A state-owned listed companies Country profiles
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EDF: a listed company with the French State as the major shareholder (1/2)
Institutional andretail investors
13.59%
EDF employees
1.85%
French State
84.44%
By Law, the French State must hold at least 70% of EDF’s share capital
Shareholders as of 31 December 2012
Common shares
# of shares 1,848,866,662
# of shares
outstanding1,846,705,329
Number of treasury
shares2,161,333
French security
identification N°
(ISIN code)
FR0010242511
Main indexCAC 40, Euro Stoxx Utilities, Dow Jones Euro
Stoxx 50, Euronext 100, FTS Euro First
Listing Paris (Reuters: EDF.PA , Bloomberg : EDF FP)
Share information
Treasury shares
0.12%
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EDF: a listed company with the French State as the major shareholder (2/2)
EDF’s CEO is proposed by the board members, and appointed by decree of the President of France upon proposal by the Board of Directors (Law of 26 July 1983)
In accordance with article 13 of the French Constitution, the CEO and Chairman is appointed based on the candidates’ interviews and the opinion of the permanent committees of the French National Assembly and Senate.
The Board of Directors is composed of 18 members, one third of whom are State representatives
Any decision related to financials, investments, acquisitions and disposals must be approved by the Government (Decree of 9 August 1953)
Numerous controls of financials by different authorities: State Comptroller, Cour des Comptes (Government auditing agency), Inspection des Finances
The French State Holdings Agency (“APE”) represents the State as a shareholder
Main contractual agreements are reviewed by the specific Market Commission (Decree of 18 September 1948)
EDF has to abide by listed companies laws and specific standards of a public sector entity
Internal rules of its board of Directors are similar to thoseof listed companies
In accordance with law of 27 January 2011 relating to the balanced representation of women and men on Boards of Directors and Supervisory Boards, the proportion of directors of each gender appointed by EDF’s Shareholders Meeting may not be less than 20% from 2014, then 40% from 2017. In 2012, EDF’s Board is composed of 4 women, representing 22%
EDF decided in December 2008 to refer to the AFEP- MEDEF Code of October 2008 (revised in April 2010) as its corporate governance code:
Annual report on the evolution of the board's functioning entrusted to an external firm every three years. Regular update of the Board of Directors rules of procedure
The Board has appointed all the appropriate committees
EDF is compliant with internal control procedures COSO
EDF publishes an annual report on sustainable development
EDF as a state-owned company: legal and contractual framework
EDF as a listed company: corporate governance
The EDF Group Overview of the EDF Group A state-owned listed companies Country profiles
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EDF’s interface with the French State Shareholding Agency (APE) The French State Shareholding Agency (APE) is a national department joined controlled by the Minister for
the Economy and Finance and the Minister of Industrial Renewal. It performs the function of the state shareholder ensuring the management of its financial interests. As such, it proposes and implements the decisions and policies of the French State with the related ministries
Its main objectives consist of:
Reviewing the appropriateness and financial health of the company
Representing the French Government as a shareholder
Helping for the good relationship between the company and the French government
As a result, the APE has expressed the following requirements to public sector enterprises.They have to:
Appoint specific point of contacts to be special correspondents with the APE
Prepare a scorecard reporting for the APE on the main financials and qualitative data
Organize regular meetings, at least once a year to present the strategy and finance of the company
Inform the APE for any investment operation, or any specific audit missions
The EDF Group Overview of the EDF Group A state-owned listed companies Country profiles
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Other main regulatory entities with an impact on EDF in France The ASN (French nuclear safety authority), in charge of control of the safety of nuclear facilities in France. The
ASN carries out:
On-site regulatory inspections, randomly or scheduled (approx. 400 per year)
10-year safety reviews, a necessary step in extending the life of power plants
In charge of post Fukushima additional safety assessments
The CRE (French Energy Regulatory Commission) ensures the proper functioning of the electricity and gas market for the end-customers in compliance with the energy policy. The regulation fields include:
Energy networks
Access to regulated networks and their operation and development
Independence of network operators
Energy markets
Monitor deals on energy markets and CO2
Monitor retail markets (for instance, making proposals for regulated tariffs’ evolution)
The EDF Group Overview of the EDF Group A state-owned listed companies Country profiles
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Other control procedures involving EDF
EDF could be submitted to State audit procedures, in particular through economic and financial evaluation assessment and through checks by the General Finance Inspection Office (Inspection General de Finance)
The company’s accounts and management, and where applicable, those of its directly-held majority subsidiaries are under the control of the « Cour des Comptes(1) »
EDF also has to undergo the audit procedures performed by the Parliament
EDF is subject to the law of 26 July 1983 related to the democratization of the public sector which deals with companies in which the State hold directly more than 50% of capital (and second-tier companies and beyond, EDF subsidiaries subject to certain conditions): this law contains in particular dispositions about governance, committee composition, Board composition, nomination of corporate officers, compensation, etc.
The EDF Group Overview of the EDF Group A state-owned listed companies Country profiles
(1) Government Audit Body
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France – country profile
EDF is active on the whole electricity value chain, from generation to salesand optimization / trading. The activities can be split: into deregulated activities, through EDF SA (generation + sales, optimization and trading)
into regulated activities, through ERDF (distribution) and RTE (Transmission). EDF activitiesin Island Energy Systems (Corsica, French overseas departments and collectivities) are managed by the Island Energy Systems Division
EDF owns the largest nuclear fleet worldwide, the largest European electricity generation fleet, and is committed to operational performance and safety
In addition, EDF has an extensive experience in hydropower, conventional fuels and renewables (strengthened by the buy out of EDF Energies Nouvelles)
RTE(1) and ERDF are 100% subsidiaries of EDF, but are operationally independent (legal unbundling), as requested by the EU legislation
EDF also plays a holding role, by controlling 100% of EDF International (controlling the greatest part of EDF stakes in international subsidiaries)as well as interests in various companies, including: EDEV (including EDF EN, LNG Dunkerque, Electricité de Strasbourg…)
Dalkia (energy services provider)
EDF Trading (market operator for the Group)
Key points
MW %
Nuclear 63,130 63.3
Hydropower(2)(3) 20,410 20.4
Fossil-fuel fired 16,222 16.3
Other renewables 12 0.0
Total 99,774 100
TWh %
Nuclear 404.9 86.8
Hydropower(3)(4) 42.0 9.0
Fossil-fuel fired 19.0 4.1
Other renewables 0.5 0.1
Total 466.4 100
Installed capacity and generation (2012)(2)
€bn EBITDA (2012)
Unregulated 6.2
Regulated 3.7
Key figures (2012)
(1) RTE is consolidated under the equity method (2) Including Corsica and overseas. Excluding EDF EN
(3) Including Rance river tidal power plant (240 MW) (4) Hydropower generation including pumped storage consumption
The EDF Group Overview of the EDF Group A state-owned listed companies Country profiles
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Market development in France Brief history of French market liberalization:
Nationalization of the electricity and gas sectors pursuant to the Law of 8 April 1946
From February 1999, progressive opening of the electricity market under the impetus of European regulation, first for B2B consumers(total liberalization in July 2004), then for B2C consumers from 2007 onwards
As at 31 December 2012, EDF had a market share of approx. 80% in the electricity business (B2B and B2C). According to the Commission de Régulation de l’Energie (CRE), the electricity market shares of competitors were, in 2012, 6.9% on residential sites and 7.6% on non-residential sites while their gas market shares on residential sites were 11.3% and 22.8% on non-residential sites
To improve and foster competition on the French market, implementation of a new law: the NOME Law of 7 December 2010 (came into force on 1 July 2011)
The Law guarantees EDF competitors an access to the historical nuclear generation capacity (“ARENH”), provided they supply only their Frenchend users
Total power cannot exceed 100 TWh(1), for a period of 15 years
The ARENH price is set by decree by the Economy and Energy ministers following a legal opinion from the CRE for the first 3 years, and by CRE decision by 2014 at the latest
An indexation formula is still to be enacted and should cover all the costs of EDF’s historical nuclear plants
All existing tariffs should converge towards ARENH prices by 2015, and industrial tariffs should be suppressed
The ARENH price as at 1 January 2012 has been set at €42/MWh
(1) Excluding supply of technical losses
The EDF Group Overview of the EDF Group A state-owned listed companies Country profiles
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Energy Savings Certificates system
(1) Aggregate present value, over the period
CEE (« Certificats d’Economie d’Energies »):
a political initiative to encourage energy efficiency in France
Created by the POPE law of 13/07/2005 and in effect since 2006, in addition to the Thermal Regulation of
buildings, performance standards for equipment, and financial incentives (sustainable development tax credits,
Eco-PTZ, etc.)
Mandatory system for energy suppliers in France:
Over a three-year period (2nd period: 2011-2013, currently)
Supporting customers (or third parties) in energy efficiency renovation (insulation, efficient boilers
or heat pumps) in exchange for a Government-approved Energy Savings Certificate
In the form of a payment to customers who have improved their home energy efficiency (subsidized loans, Habiter
Mieux from the ANAH, commercial incentives, etc.) or indirectly
(via a professional training body such as FEEBAT, etc.)
Otherwise, a fine of €20/MWh cumac(1) is assessed
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United Kingdom – country profile
Main entity: EDF Energy, one of the UK’s largest energy companies and the UK’s largest producer of low-carbon electricity
The company is organized into the following three business units:Nuclear Generation (15 reactors on 8 nuclear power stations, 8.7 GW of capacity, 20% owned by Centrica)
Nuclear New Build (in charge of EDF Energy’s new nuclear project in the UK)
Energy Sourcing and Customer Supply (operating conventional power stations, wind farms, and managing customer needs)
UK market: Environment marked by strong Government drive to decarbonise the economy
(-80% CO2 emissions by 2050 vs. 1990) and electricity supply, while ensuring security of supply and affordability
Highly competitive B2C and B2B markets with unregulated, volatile prices and dual-fuel offerings playing a major role in B2C
Coal and gas currently playing the largest roles in electricity generation
Need for new generation capacity to come online around the turn of the decade as significant amount of aging and environmentally restricted capacity will be retired
Ongoing implementation of the Electricity Market Reform, with the objective of promoting investments in low-carbon generation (carbon price support implemented from Apr 2013; Energy Bill containing a contract for difference mechanism, a capacity mechanism and an emission performance standard expected to receive Royal Assent during 2013)
(1)Based on March 2013 data from the Department of Energy & Climate Change
Key points
Capacity
(MW)
Output
(TWh)
Nuclear 8,741 60.0
Gas 1,306 0.3
Coal 3,987 22.7
Renewables 116 0.4
Total 14,150 83.4
Market position (2012)
€bn
EBITDA 2012 2.1
Key figures (2012)
Gas Supply:31.1 TWh
Electricity Supply:51.6 TWh 16.3 %(1)
5.6 %(1)
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Strategy for EDF Group in the UK Major nuclear operator in the UK, leading the way in Nuclear New Build
Almost 9GW of existing nuclear capacity with a clear aim of life extension (currently an average expectation of 7 years beyond agreed lifetimes at acquisition for AGRs and 20 years for Sizewell B PWR)
Aim to build up to 4 EPRs*: a twin at Hinkley Point and a twin at Sizewell
Key role in discussions on the Electricity Market Reform
Considerable investments in wind projects Onshore: on target to have >500 MW of capacity in operation by end 2013; to be further increased in the future
Offshore: 1st project (Teesside, 62 MW) to be completed in H1 2013; JV with Eneco for Navitus Bay project (50% of ~1.1GW)
Other ongoing projects West Burton B 1,300 MW CCGT power plant; first two units commissioned with final unit to follow later in 2013
Constructing a short-cycle gas storage facility, two cavities completed and gas plant to start operation by the end of Q2 2013
Profitable growth downstream Focus on re-gaining customer trust through fair value, better service and simplicity
Customer systems renewal to deliver cost savings and improved service
Focus on sustainable margins in both B2B and B2C
Organic growth strategy in B2C to achieve economies of scale
Group synergies and transformation at the heart of EDF business model Continued delivery of synergies from the acquisition of British Energy
Major change programs under way
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Italy - country profile
The Italian market is the 4th electricity market and the 3rd gas market in Europe
Potential gas hub for Europe, securing gas supply
Strategic geographical position of Italy for the development in the Mediterranean area
Main entities(1): Edison and Fenice EDF owns 100% of Fenice since 2001 and 99.48% of Edison ordinary shares since
September 2012
Key points – Edison: Major player in the Italian market for electricity and gas: the EDF Group can benefit, for
the implementation of its gas strategy, from the skills developed by Edison on the entire gas value chain from generation to supply
Recognition of Edison’s skills in Exploration - Production (oil and gas), in Italy and abroad
Access to LNG terminals (Rovigo) and import pipelines (ITGI/Galsi), as a complement to EDF’s other ownerships (South Stream, Dunkirk)
Key points – Fenice: Offer of energy and environmental services: heat or electricity generation, operation and
maintenance of energy assets, solid and liquid industrial waste treatments and environmental engineering (main customer: Fiat)
Key points Edison market shares (2012)
7.9 %
21.3 %Sales Gas Edison / Demand gas Italy: 15.8 bcm
Edison Elec. Generation / National Elec. Generation:
22.5 TWh
Installed capacity (GW)(2) Edison Fenice
Thermoelectric plants 5.8 GW 0.5 GW
Hydroelectric plants 1.4 GW 0.003 GW
Wind power 0.5 GW -
TOTAL 7.7 GW 0.5 GW
Key figures (2012)
EBITDA (Millions of euros) Edison Fenice
Dec. 2011 480 112
Dec. 2012 918(3) 101
(1) Dalkia (through Siram) and EDF EN are also active in the Italian market
(2) Data consolidated at 100% for full-year 2012 of Edison’ Group (excluding Edipower)
(3) At the EDF Group level
The EDF Group Overview of the EDF Group A state-owned listed companies Country profiles
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Benelux - area profile
(1) Excluding 100MW of drawing rights in the Chooz B power plant, owned by the EDF Group
(2) Data at 100%
(3) EDF Belgium + EDF Luminus + Sloe
Key points Key figures (2012)
Country CompanyMain
activitiesTechnical data
Belgium EDF
Belgium
Electricity
generationInstalled capacity: 481 MW
BelgiumEDF
Luminus
Electricity
generation
Electricity
& gas sales
Installed capacity: 2,038 MW
o/w Nuclear(1): 419 MW
o/w Thermoelectric: 1,429 MW
o/w Hydro: 73 MW
o/w Renewables: 117 MW
Delivery points:
approx. 1.7 million
The
Netherlands
Sloe
Centrale
B.V.
Electricity
generationInstalled capacity: 870 MW(2)
EBITDA 2012(3) : 31% of Other International EBITDA
2012 total generation(3): 10 TWh
A strategic area for EDF:
A region that includes important interconnections with the French/German power markets
Key area in the European natural gas market due to its manyfacilities for import and transit, and the Zeebrugge hub
Main entities: EDF Belgium and EDF Luminus (former
SPE); Sloe Centrale B.V. (the Netherlands) EDF Belgium
100% EDF-owned
Owns 50% (481 MW) of the Tihange 1 nuclear power
EDF Luminus
EDF majority shareholder (63.5%), through EDF Belgium
12% of Belgian installed capacity
Total generation in 2012 of 5,358 GWh
2012 market share: 20% of end-customer sales
EDF Luminus owns 10.2% (418.5 MW) in nuclear power plants
Tihange 2 and 3 and Doel 3 and 4
Sloe Centrale B.V.
CCGT: 2 units of 435 MW
50% partnership with Delta B.V.
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North America – activities’ profileNorth American activities - Generation
Storage: approx. 50 bcf storage capacity rights in 23 separate sites in the US and in Canada
Transmission: 7.6 bcf transported daily in North America
Coal: Rights of way on several terminals(East Coast and Gulf)
Crude oil: In 2012, EDF Trading has created a new business line linked to crude oil logistics. EDF Trading plans to expand its activity in 2013
Wholesale load: 674 MW in power load auctions
Retail load: 2,345 MW, including Champion
Environmental commodities: active trader of RECs(1), biogas, weather derivatives and emissions
North American activities - Gas
North American activities - Other
(1) Renewable Energy Certificate
Generation and development
EDF Inc – almost 2 GW of nuclear through 49.99% stake in CENG
EDF Trading North America – contractual management of 26 GW of generation
Unistar Nuclear Energy (UNE), 100%-controlled by EDF, works on new developments in nuclear
EDF Renewable Energy (formerly enXco): 1,697 MW net of wind capacity, solar and biogas and 143 MWc of solar capacity under construction
EDF EN Canada: 23 MW of solar and 218 MW of wind and 162 MW under construction
EDF EN Mexico: 89.5 MW of installed capacity. The construction of 324 MW of wind started in 2012
Operation and Maintenance for third parties:
EDF Renewable Services (formerly enXco Service Corp): management of wind turbines and solar panels as a senior operator and on behalf of third parties for a total capacity of more than 7 GW of wind and solar, 3 GW of new capacity earned run in 2012
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Houston, TX
San Diego, CA
Chevy, Chase, MD
Baltimore, MD
CENG nuclear assets
EDF RE Developed Wind /
EDF EN Developed Wind
EDF RE O & M (eSC)
EDF RE Developed solar /
EDF EN Canada solar
EDF RE Biogas
EDFT Generation asset optimization
EDFT Retail load
EDFT Power transmission
EDFT Stockage de gaz
EDFT LNG re-gas capacity
EDFT Gas asset management
EDFT Gas transmission
EDFT Coal terminal (through rights)
A strong and diversified presence
in North America
Map of EDF Group North American operations: EDF Inc, CENG, EDF Trading North America and EDF Renewable Energy
Wind, solar and O&M projects in United States are under EDF Renewable Energy. Mexico and Canada are under EDF Energies Nouvelles brand
R&D and Innovation
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North America: market characteristics
(1) Production Tax Credit = tax credit to support wind energy production
US Market Outlook
Mexican Market Outlook
The United States is the largest energy market in the worldand has a highly fragmented industry structure
Power prices are low due to low gas prices from recently developed shale gas production and reduced energy demand as a result of the economic recession
Poor visibility on the future energy policy with PTC’s renewal one year but should expire at the end of 2013
Environmental regulations
29 States and the District of Columbia have a Renewable Electricity Standard, requiring a percentage of an electric provider’s energy sales or installed capacity to come from renewable sources
Within the next two years, the US Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) is expected to release final versions of major rules addressing emissions of ozone, particulate matters, mercury, coal ash, as well as environmental impacts of cooling water intake structures
EPA regulations covering SOx and Nox expected to start in January 2012 are being delayed by litigation
With respects to carbon emissions, there is currently insufficient momentum in the US to support the implementation of emission reduction policies (except California ,which has implemented its « Cap & Trade » CO2 emission permits and has announced to link its market to the Quebec market system)
Only Ontario and Alberta have opened electricity markets. British Columbia is likely the next large market to open
Growth is driven by Provincial carbon / renewable policies, but also tar sands developments in Alberta (the largest growing power market in Canada)
Ontario and Quebec are the largest renewable energy markets. Ontario policies in favor of solar and wind energy were solidified with the re-election of the Liberal Party during provincial elections
High electricity price for commercial and industrial customers combined with favorable banking makes wind competitive without subsidies
Federal Government set goal of 7.5% of energy generation to be sourced from renewables by 2017
Installed wind capacity has more than doubled in 2012 reaching 89.5 MW, with the commissioning of several big projects in Oaxaca’s area
Canadian Market Outlook
The EDF Group Overview of the EDF Group A state-owned listed companies Country profiles
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Central and Eastern Europe – zone profile
Three main countries: Poland, Hungary and Slovakia
Poland
Electricity generation, cogeneration
4 main subsidiaries: EDF Rybnik, EDF Wybrzeze, EDF Krakow, Kogeneracja (owned at 50 % and one share)
EDF's acquisition of EnBW interests in Poland has finalized on 16 February 2012. It led to the (indirect) acquisition by EDF International of 32.45% stake in EDF Rybnik, 15.59% in the Kogeneracja cogeneration and 25% stake in the shared service center EDF Polska CUW
Hungary
2 main subsidiaries: BE ZRt (Electricity and heat generation) and DEMASZ ZRt (Electricity and gas distribution & sales)
Slovakia
49% holding in Stredoslovenska Energetika (SSE) (Electricity and gas distribution & sales)(1)
Key points Assets
Country Company Main activities Technical data
PolandEDFWybrzeze
Electricity and heat generation
Electrical capacity: 333 MWThermal capacity: 1,199 MWth
Poland EDF Rybnik Electricity generation Electrical capacity: 1,775 MW
Poland EDF KrakowElectricity and heat generation
Electrical capacity: 460 MWThermal capacity: 1,118 MWth
Poland KogeneracjaElectricity and heat generation
Electrical capacity: 363 MWThermal capacity: 1,124 MWth
Poland
Zielona Gora (owns at 98.4% by Kogeneracja)
Electricity and heat generation
Electrical capacity: 221 MWThermal capacity: 296 MWth
Hungary BE ZRtElectricity and heat generation
Electrical capacity: 405 MWThermal capacity: 1,267 MWth
HungaryEDF GroupDÉMÁSZ ZRt
Electricity distribution & sales
Customers(approx.) : 770,000Supply: 3.2 TWhDistribution: 4.4 TWhDelivery Points: ~ 775,000
Slovakia SSE GroupElectricity distribution & sales
Customers(approx.) : 630,000Supply: 4.9 TWhDelivery Points: 722,000
2012 EBITDA Poland, Hungary, Slovakia: 32 % of Other International EBITDA
(1) On 24 May 2013, EDF and EPH has signed definitive agreement for the sale of 49% of Stredoslovenska Energetika A.S. (SSE). The contemplated transaction will be submitted for
authorization to a general meeting of shareholders of SSE. Closing is expected during second semester of 2013 following receipt of antitrust clearance.
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Heat and/or electricity generation companies
Trading (electricity, coal)
EDF Group representation in Poland
Installed capacity in 2012:~3,150 MWe and ~4,000 MWth
Employees: ~3,500
Zielona Gora
EDF Wybrzeze
Cergia
EDF Kraków
EDF Rybnik
PEC Tarnobrzeg
EDF Polska
EDF Energia
Kogeneracja
EDF Paliwa
EDF in Poland: a strong position in the 5th key-market of the Group
EDF Group is planning to improve the environmental standards of its plants in Poland
The EDF Group Overview of the EDF Group A state-owned listed companies Country profiles
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China
EDF Group is the largest foreign investor in the Chinese electricity sector
EDF has signed partnerships for developing nuclear power, coal-fired and hydropower facilities, electricity distribution and energy efficiency
First foreign company to invest in a Chinese nuclear power project (TNPJVC, 2009), at 31 December 2012, EDF owns 30% of TNPJVC, which aims to finance, construct, commission and operate two EPR nuclear power plants(2 x 1,750 MW)
The reactor dome for the second unit was installed in September 2012. The reactor dome for the first unit was successfully installed in October 2011. Safety report has been sent to the Chinese Safety Authority in December 2012. 2013 will see further electro-mechanical assembly and the beginning of start-up trials
Stakes in companies operating coal-fired power plants with a total installed capacity of 4,980 MW in Guangxi (Laibin B), Shandong (SZPC), et Henan (DSPC)
Gas sector: At 31 December 2012, EDF is still a shareholder with a 20% stake in Buget, but has taken the decision to withdraw
Key points Map of operations
Beijing
BUGETGas & Engineering
EDF: 20%
FIGLECProject LAIBIN B
2x360 MW thermal
EDF: 100% +
SYNERGIE in charge of
operation and maintenance
EDF: 85%
TNPJVC
TAISHAN 1&2EPR 2 x 1,750 MW nuclear
JV EDF 30% , CGNPC 70%
SZPC3,060 MW thermal
EDF: 19.6%
DSPCProject SAN MEN XIA II
2 x 600 MW thermal SC
EDF: 35%
CountryCompany name (stake)
Asset Installed capacity(1)
China SZPC (19.6%) 4 coal-fired power plants 3,060 MW
China DSPC (35%) San Men Xia 2 (coal) 2 x 600 MW
China Figlec (100%) Laibin B (coal) 2 x 360 MW
Assets
(1) Data at 100%
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EDF’s strategy within the energy sector
Energy sector challenges
EDF’s positionning to address these challenges
EDF’s strategic vision
The EDF Group EDF main businessesEDF strategy Financials Market data AppendicesCorporate responsibility
44
48
49
44
Growing needs in energy and electricity, even with ambitious demand side management targets:
Demand driven by:
Developing countries: 85 % of demand growth by 2035
Demography: 7 billion people in 2010, +2 billions by 2050
Economic catch-up
Urbanization: today 50 % of the world population live in cities (vs. 70 % in 2050). Within the next 20 years, 10 mega-cities will reach 7 millions and more of inhabitants every year
In OECD countries, growing need for affordable energy costs to support competitiveness, industrialization and employment
12 20 20
44
Energy sector long-term challenges (1/3)
Sources : IEA, ETP 2010, scenario +4°
By 2050, global GDP will
be mutiplied by 4
Energy demand x 1,5 Electricity demand x 2
Energy consumption
(toe/pers./y) in 2009
2012 20122050 2050
‘000 TWh
Gtoe
EDF’s strategy Energy sector challengesEDF’s positioning to address these challenges EDF’s strategic vision
Africa India Brazil China France Japan Russia USA
45
Energy sector long-term challenges (2/3) Security of supply: growing oil and gas imports weighing on external trade balances and the 3rd oil
shock
In 2011, oil at record price for the last 100 years (Brent at USD111/bbl on annual average, in constant $). The resources exist (approx. 250 years of oil and gas including non-conventional), but with rising extracting costs. Scarcity is more economical and geopolitical than physical.
Doubling of oil costs in Europe, China and Japan versus the average of the last 20 years.
France: overall energy bill is EUR 68bn in 2012 = the amount of the trade deficit
Rising energy dependency everywhere but in the United States
Sources: IEA, World Energy Outlook (WEO) 2012
Oil and gas imports dependency in major countries
0 %
20 %
40 %
60 %
80 %
100 %
20 % 40 % 60 % 80 % 100 %
Oil imports
Gas imports
USA
ChinaIndia
European Union
2010
2035
20 %Gas exports
EDF’s strategy Energy sector challengesEDF’s positioning to address these challenges EDF’s strategic vision
46
Energy sector long-term challenges (3/3) Climate change: a major issue in which the power sector plays a major role as its CO2 emissions
represent 40% of the global energy sector’s emissions
Without rapid changes temperature will rise by 5 to 7°C
Electricity sector is both part of the issue and part of the solution: Coal and gas provide 60% of the global power output and emit 40% of global energy related emissions. At the same time, CO2 free technologies already exist in the power sector (hydro, nuclear, renewable energies, etc.)
CO2 free electricity can substitute fossil energy (transport, etc.)
CO2 emissions between 2000 and 2050 in order to limit the increase in temperature by +2°C in 2100
CO2 emissions between 2000 and 2010
CO2 emissions if the total fossiles fuels reserves are burned (oil, coal, gas…) from 2012
Sources: IEA, World Energy Outlook (WEO) 2012,
CO2 free electricity: one response to fight climate change
400 Gt
1400 Gt
2860 Gt
EDF’s strategy Energy sector challengesEDF’s positioning to address these challenges EDF’s strategic vision
47
Global and local perspective on electricity
Local: High expectations: need to expand and enhance the networks, quality of service, demand side
management and environmental friendly districts, electric mobility, local generation of power and heat
Urbanization trend: need to develop sustainable cities and smart power systems
Global: Natural resources prices (coal, oil, etc.) are set on a global basis
Industrial context and technologies: China manufactures 80% of global PV panels and represents half of the global new nuclear build. Within the next 20 years, half of the new hydro dams will be built in China and Brazil.
Need for a global and local perspective on electricity
EDF’s strategy within the energy sector
EDF’s positionning to address these challenges
EDF’s strategy Energy sector challengesEDF’s positioning to address these challenges EDF’s strategic vision
48
EDF well positioned to address these challenges
Leader and modern public service provider across the electricity value chain
Leader in CO2 free energies
Industrial know-how and complex systems management skills
Building the future through investment in R&D and innovation
EDF: 73% CO2 free generation mix(1)
53%
16%
4%
17%
10%
Nuclear
Hydro
Renewables
Coal/Fuel
Gas
• Competitive generation mix
• Low CO2 emissions: carbon factor for EDF at 117g CO2/kWh vs. 338g CO2/kWh for the European average(2)
• Low exposure to commodities risk versus peers
(1) Net capacity
(2) 2011 figures for European carbon factor (source: PWC - November 2012); 2012 figures for EDF Group
EDF’s strategy Energy sector challengesEDF’s positioning to address these challenges EDF’s strategic vision
49
Strategic vision
Industrial view for the electricity value chain
Integrated view of the overall power system
EDF cares about the countries’ interests in which the Group operates and the specific rules in place
Sustained relationships with local partners
EDF’s strategy Energy sector challengesEDF’s positioning to address these challenges EDF’s strategic vision
50
Ambitions and strategic priorities
To be a global electricity player servicing its clients
Enhance its position in Europe: France, United Kingdom, Italy, Poland, and Belgium
Operate in key countries: where new technologies are being developed, in line with the future of EDF’s activities and as a function of their geostrategic importance
Develop opportunistically EDF’s activities in specific countries
Build the future for our clients with an edge through innovation and with driven high quality teams
EDF’s strategy Energy sector challengesEDF’s positioning to address these challenges EDF’s strategic vision
52
EDF main businesses
Generation
Networks - Transmission & Distribution
Optimization - Trading - Supply (Focus on France)
GasGas
The EDF Group EDF main businessesEDF strategy Financials Market data AppendicesCorporate responsibility
53
117
126
141
53
EDF main businesses
EDF main businesses Generation Networks Optimization - Trading - Supply Gas
Generation
Nuclear
Hydropower & Renewables
Thermoelectric plants
54
94
109
54
EDF main businesses Generation Hydropower & renewablesNuclear Thermoelectric plants
EDF main businesses
Generation
Nuclear
Key points Nuclear
Existing Nuclear France
Existing Nuclear UK
Safety
Nuclear New Build
Long-term provisions
55
56
72
78
79
86
55
Nuclear: a unique expertise
EDF: The world’s leading nuclear powerplant operator, with 1,550 reactor yearsof experience
Generating energy at competitive cost, not influenced by fossil fuel prices, with no CO2
emissions
Assets in France, the UK, the US and China
EDF is building new reactors
The new EPR will use 22% less fuel
than the currently used PWR
One EPR unit being built in France, two in China
and projects under study in the UK
Did you know?
EDF
existing fleet58 reactors in France,
15 reactors in the UK,
5 reactors in the US
Did you know?
New nuclear
development
3 EPR reactors
under construction
Did you know?
A strong
experience1,550 reactor-years
of experience operating
the French fleet
Generation Nuclear Key points Nuclear
Nuclear New Build
Long-term provisions
SafetyExisting Nuclear France
Existing Nuclear UK
56
EDF French nuclear fleet 74.8%(1) of French power generation in 2012
58 reactors in operation
19 sites
3 series of the same Pressurized Water Reactors(PWR) technology:
900 MW 34 reactors 31 GW
1,300 MW 20 reactors 26 GW
1,450 MW 4 reactors c.6 GW
Did you know?
The whole fleet in operation today has been built using the same
technology (PWR). This standardization allows for operational
synergies and greater efficiency. Moreover, more than being
just a nuclear operator, EDF is an architect-
assembler, meaning that it is responsible for the design, schedule
and building of the reactors with the benefit of running its fleet safely
(1) Source : RTE
Gravelines
ChoozCattenom
Fessenheim
St Alban
Cruas
Tricastin
Penly
PaluelFlamanville
St Laurent Dampierre
BellevilleChinon
Civaux
Blayais
Golfech
Nogent Seine
900 MW 1,300 MW 1,500 MW EPR
Bugey
Generation Nuclear Key points Nuclear
Nuclear New Build
Long-term provisions
SafetyExisting Nuclear France
Existing Nuclear UK
57
PWR operating principles
Turbine hall building(non nuclear zone)
Reactor building(nuclear zone)
Primary system Secondary system Cooling system
Generation Nuclear Key points Nuclear
Nuclear New Build
Long-term provisions
SafetyExisting Nuclear France
Existing Nuclear UK
58
The strengths of EDF nuclear fleet in France (1/2) Key points of EDF nuclear fleet in France
An average age of 27 years
44 GW commissioned between 1980 and 1990 out of a total installed capacity of 63 GW in France
Technical standardization and constant improvement of safety
EDF, architect-assembler, owner and operator of its plants
Investment program for replacing large components after 30 years of operation (2010-2020)
Obsolescence of some large components that must be replaced after approximately 30 years of operation
(international benchmark)
With a view to operating facilities beyond 40 years
Extending operations beyond 40 years
Consistency of the target with the global trends observed for similar technologies (PWR)
EDF proposes a re-evaluation of specific safety standards to the ASN in order to achieve an implementation during the
4th 10-year visit for the 900 MW and the 3rd 10-year visit for the 1,300 MW plants
Generation Nuclear Key points Nuclear
Nuclear New Build
Long-term provisions
SafetyExisting Nuclear France
Existing Nuclear UK
59
The strengths of the EDF nuclear fleet in France (2/2) The French regulatory framework: safety re-evaluation every 10 years to strengthen the power plant
conception Implementation of a safety standard and an improvement program during the 10-year visit for each series, after the
French Nuclear Safety Authority (ASN) approval
Systematic re-evaluation of the safety requirements with the national feedback and the development of scientific and
technical knowledge
Following Fukushima, increase of the installations’ protections against critical situations: Reinforcing current protection of facilities and certain materials against earthquakes and floods
Reinforcement of back-up water and electricity supplies
Implementation of the “Force d’Action Rapide Nucléaire” (FARN – Nuclear Rapid Action Force) to bring, within 24
hours, human and material needs on any site in critical situation
Reinforcement of the operational teams on the nuclear sites: To implement post-Fukushima measures
With an eye to the future major maintenance works
Generation Nuclear Key points Nuclear
Nuclear New Build
Long-term provisions
SafetyExisting Nuclear France
Existing Nuclear UK
60
The French nuclear fleet: operating cycleCycle
Generation Generation Planned
outageLength can vary by ten days from one cycle to the next
Planned
outageFor refueling, maintenance, repairs
Duration: variable, between 30 and 100 days
900 MW: 28 reactors in 12-month cycle
6 reactors in 18-month cycle
1,300 MW: 20 reactors in 18-month cycle
1,450 MW: 4 reactors in 18-month cycle
The refueling cycle of nuclear reactors Types of planned outages
Two types of programmed shutdowns are alternated at the end of each generation cycle:
Ordinary shutdown for refueling only (ASR): unloading spent fuel and refueling fresh fuel Standard period ≈ 35 days
Partial inspection for refueling and maintenance (PI): refueling and maintenance. Standard period ≈ 60 days, varying according to programs for maintenance work
10-year inspections: standard period ≈ 100 days, varying according to programs for safety upgrades and maintenance work
Regulatory obligations (safety tests and various controls), adapting safety to latest standards, maintenance work and changes
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Average of six 10-year inspections per year in France
(1) This length varies according to the works and maintenance program and the series in question
0
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
2011 2012 2013E 2014E 2015E 2016E 2017E 2018E 2019E 2020E 2021E 2022E 2023E 2024E
1,450 MW
1,300 MW
900 MW
One 10-year inspection = about 100 outage days(1)
Average of six 10-year inspections over the period
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French consumption pattern is particularly seasonal and thermosensitive
Consumption pattern with high seasonal variations
Between 32 and 35 TWh / monthduring the summer
Between 40 and 55 TWh / month during the winter
France is highly sensitive to temperature changes. 1°C variation in temperature in France:
In winter ≈ ± 2,300 MW
In summer ≈ ± 500 MW
Source: European Network of Transmission System Operators for Electricity ENTSO-E
which creates special demand on the nuclear fleet
2012 monthly consumption in main European countriesIn GWh
0
10000
20000
30000
40000
50000
60000
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12
Allemagne
Espagne
France
R-U
Italie
Jan. Feb. Mar. Apr. June July Aug. Sept. Oct. Nov. Dec.
Germany
Spain
Italy
UK
France
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63
A seasonal schedule of outages A minimum number of outages during winter Necessary balance between 12-month and 18-month production cycles
Year 2012 / Number of PWR units in planned outage/week(1)
0
2
4
6
8
10
12
14
16
18
20
0 10 20 30 40 50
(1) At a specific instant t
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Change in load factor and nuclear output
Annual Kp (load factor) of nuclear fleet Net nuclear output (PWR fleet)
Kp (%) In TWh
395
401
417421
427429 428
418 418
390
408
421
405
350
400
450
2000 2002 2004 2006 2008 2010 2012
72.874.1
75.5 76.177.0 77.6 77.4
75.6 75.3
70.7
73.8
76.1
73.0
55
65
75
85
95
2000 2002 2004 2006 2008 2010 2012
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92.0 92.093.0 93.1 92.7
94.595.4
90.6
94.1 94.5
91.8
85
88
91
94
97
100
2002 2004 2006 2008 2010 2012
Availability of French nuclear fleet since 2002
Did you know?
The Kd, or availability factorrepresents the available energy as a
percentage of the maximum energy that
could be generated if the installed capacity
were operated year-round
The Ku, or utilization factoris the energy generated as a percent of
energy available and reflects environmental
and social constraints, supply of system
services and optimization
The multiplication of the Kd and the Ku leads
to the Kp, or load factor, defined as
the generated energy compared to the
maximum theoretical energy
Kp = Kd x Ku
Kd and winter Kd (%)
82.5 82.7 82.8 83.4 83.6
80.2 79.2 78.0 78.580.7 79.7
90.192.5
94.892.9
90.1 89.992.4
86.8
94.692.3 91.5
70
75
80
85
90
95
100
2002 2004 2006 2008 2010 2012
Kd
Winter Kd(1)
(1) Kd from 1 December (N) to 14 February (N+1)
Ku (%)
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Comparison between EDF and PWR US fleet Kd
Kd includes the impact of technical unavailability(planned and unplanned outages)
PWR US fleet operates purely under base-load generation
French fleet operates with seasonality of outages
Key structural discrepancy ≈ - 6 points
≈ - 2 pts: fuel management method (fuel cycle)
≈ - 2 pts: solicitation method (load monitoring in France)
≈ - 2 pts: regulation and safety specificities
Availability
95
85
75
651990 1995 2000 2005 2008
EDF (58 PWR)
USA (69 PWR)
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Continuous improvement in operating conditions
0
20
40
60
80
2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012
6961 58 56 53
3141 40
30 32
The number of automatic outages is a
key indication of safety. It measures the
quality and seriousness with which
operations are conducted. The results of
EDF’s fleet have been among the best in
the world over the last five years
Number of automatic reactor stoppages
0,5
0,7
0,9
1,1
2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012
H.Sv/tr
0.67
Average annual collective dose / reactor
0
5
10
15
2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012
Thanks to initiatives jointly-led by EDF and its suppliers, all employees benefit from the same safety level which is constantly improving
Contractors
EDF4.22.7
Accident frequency rate(1)
(1) Number of accidents with work stoppage per 1 million hours worked
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SafetyExisting Nuclear France
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1.1
0.9
0.7
0.5
68
Operating performance: the drivers
Pursuing replacement of large components (steam generators, alternators’ stators, main transformers)
Reinforcing industrial management of planned outages to reduce outage extensions
Improving the reliability of equipment through preventative maintenance to reduce unplanned unavailability
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Replacement of large components to continue
Replaced at end 2012 Priority replacements
Steam generators
(3 SG / 900 MW-reactor)22 of the 900 MW-reactors
4 reactors by 2014
of which 3 in 2013
Alternator stators 31 reactors19 reactors until 2017
of which 4 in 2013
Main transformers
(3 units / reactor)
Programme ramped up starting in 2012:
4 reactors / year on average until 2020
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Corrective measures
Reducing the unplanned unavailability rate: the AP 913 approach(1)
Identification
of critical components
Classification of components
according to fault causes:
Output loss > 20 %
Immediate automatic reactor
outage, etc.
Corrective measures prioritized
according to the component's
criticality
Life cycle management
Life cycle management
adapted to the component's
criticality
Preventative maintenance
Preventative maintenance and
monitoring programs adapted
to the component's criticality
Continuous performance
monitoring
Integrated IT system
to monitor equipment reliability
(1) AP913 is an equipment reliability process description established by the
French Institute of Nuclear Power Operations (INPO)
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Reinforcing the control of unit outages to reduce their extensions
Objective: reduce the time for outage extension periods via continuous management of the critical activities of the outage and a reactive response to technical alerts
Alerting COPAT after 30 minutes
Implementation of reactive maintenance teams on a continuous basis and creation of teams identified for the integration of feedback
Management process of important hazards
The Operating Centre for Continuous Management of Unit Outages (COPAT):
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EDF Energy nuclear fleet
Generated c.17%(1) of UK output in 2012
8 nuclear power stations
15 reactors in operation
2 technologies (AGR and PWR), with a total capacity of 8.7 GW
Highlights
Did you know?
An AGR differs in many respects from a PWR. Whereas the AGR design is
unique to the UK, the PWR design is the most common reactor type in the world
An AGR has a graphite moderator helping to control the reaction. The reactor is
encased in a steel-lined pre-stressed concrete pressure vessel several meters thick
which also acts as a biological shield. The steam generator in which water is
heated is situated inside the pressure vessel. An AGR uses enriched uranium
dioxide encased in a stainless steel pin for its fuel and CO2 as its coolant
A PWR is contained inside a steel pressure vessel filled with pressurized water
which acts as the coolant and moderator. The fuel used is enriched uranium dioxide
and is contained in zirconium alloy tubes
(1) Source: Department of Energy & Climate Change Energy Trends, March 2013
Torness
Hartlepool
Dungeness B
Hunterston B
Heysham 1 & 2
Hinkley Point B
Sizewell B
Advanced Gas-cooled Reactor (AGR)
Pressurised Water Reactor (PWR)
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2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012
Output
(TWh)
51.9 40.2 55.1 48.3 55.8 60.0
Kd (%) 67% 53% 72% 63% 73% 78%
74%
80%
76%
79%
71%
73%
67%67%
53%
72%
63%
73%
78%
50%
60%
70%
80%
2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012
Key figures: Nuclear output in UKK
d (
availa
bili
ty fa
cto
r)
Buy-outBritish Energy
Extended outages at Dungeness B, Heysham 2 and Sizewell B
+4.2 TWh in 2012 (compared to 2011), in accordance with the objective of achieving a nuclear output higher than 55 TWh
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74
Key points of the EDF Energy nuclear fleet
A nuclear fleet with an average age of 29 years
Total power generation of 8.7GW
Strong improvement of the operational performance, with an output of 60 TWh in 2012 (+4.2 TWh yoy), in accordance with the performance objective of achieving a nuclear output higher than 55 TWh
Safety is the over-riding priority
Adequacy of each station confirmed at each statutory outage - Office for Nuclear Regulation (ONR) has to provide consent to restart after each outage
Periodic safety review (PSR) undertaken every 10 years, also requiring ONR acceptance
Following events in Japan
EDF Energy has completed evaluations required by WANO, responded to the ONR recommendations and responded to the EU Stress Test
EDF Energy concluded, with agreement from the ONR, that the fleet of existing stations is safe to continue operations. However the Stress Test examinations and subsequent work has identified some areas for improvement and opportunities for resilience enhancements have been identified and additional safety investment to implement these is planned over the next few years
On track to deliver on life extensions target
Life extension subject to review of safety, technical and economic factors
Target to extend the lives of the AGR by an average of 7 years, and Sizewell B by 20 years
Life Extension of 7 years for Hinkley Point B and Hunterston B confirmed in 2012
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EDF Energy nuclear power station lifetimes
2011
2012
2013
2014
2015
2016
2017
2018
2019
2020
2021
2022
2023
2024
2025
2026
2027
2028
2029
2030
2031
2032
2033
2034
2035
2036
2037
2055
We now expect an average of seven-year life extensions across the AGR fleet and 20 years for Sizewell B
Hinkley
Hunterston
Hartlepool
Heysham 1
Heysham 2
Torness
Dungeness
Sizewell
We expect to
achieve an average
of seven years life
extensions across
the AGR fleet
(relative to
scheduled closure
dates at acquisition
in 2009)
Period to Scheduled Closure
Date (at acquisition in 2009)
Extensions since 2009
High Confidence Scenario for Sizewell B is
closure in 2055 (+ 20 years)
Note - The 7 year average is referenced against the plant lives at acquisition in 2009 – Hartlepool / Heysham 1 have already been extended by 5 years in 2010 and
Hunterston - Hinkley by 7 years in 2012
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0
0.2
0.4
0.6
0.8
1
2001/02 May-05 Nov-05 May-06 Nov-06 May-07 Nov-07 May-08 Nov-08 May-09 Nov-09 May-10 Nov-10 May-11 Nov-11 May-12 Nov-12
0.00
0.50
1.00
1.50
2.00
Dec-02 Dec-04 Dec-06 Dec-08 Dec-10 Dec-12
Accident frequency rate
EDF Energy nuclear safety performance has improved significantly
Lo
st tim
e a
ccid
en
ts p
er
20
,00
0 h
ou
rs w
ork
ed
Fleet 12-month UATR Collective radiation exposure (averaged over 3 year period)
(ma
n-S
vp
er
rea
cto
r p
er
ye
ar)
EDF Energy employees
Contractors
WANO median
UA
TR
(tr
ips p
er
70000 h
rs c
ritical)
Good
0.00
0.04
0.08
0.12
0.16
2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012
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A clear plan to maximize performance and long-term value
Key Objectives
Excellence in Safety – Safety is over-riding priority
Achieve sustainable output of >55 TWh per annum; key focus areas identified
Maintain adequate investments in plant including that necessary to support life extensions and post-Fukushima enhancements
Maintain and develop skilled workforce to support UK new build program
Maintain and develop skilled workforce to support UK new build program
Zero harm
Seek opportunities to further enhance output sustainably
Deliver life extensions of an average of 7 years for the AGRs and 20 years for Sizewell B
Closely aligns with the UK ambition to achieve secure, affordable and low carbon electricity
Short to medium
term
Long-term
strategic target
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Post-Fukushima
(1) Office for Nuclear Regulation
(2) Nuclear Regulatory Commission
France United Kingdom USA
Transmission of
preliminary
reports
14 September 2011: EDF submits to the French
Nuclear Safety Authority (ASN) the 19 reports on
Additional Safety Assessments
From 15 April 2011 to 31 July 2011 + EDF Energy
submits 8 additional safety reports to the ONR(1)
on 31/10/2011
The NRC(2) set 5 years(2012-2016) to introduce
all the Fukushima lessons to the safety
standard, with 7 short-term priorities : crisis-
response systems in the event of an external
attacks and electricity outages, “venting” for
BWR, surveillance of the pools, crisis response
teams, management procedures for serious
accidents
Conclusion of
technical
requirements
3 January 2012: ASN submits to the Government
its opinion about the Additional Safety
Assessments in which it « …considers that the
facilities examined show a sufficient level of safety,
and that it will not thus request the immediate
shutdown of any of them. At the same time, the
ASN considers that continuing to operate facilities
requires an increase in their robustness as soon as
possible; to an extent beyond that set down in the
existing safety margins, to cope with extreme
situations ».
According to the ONR(1) « Neither the reviews
undertaken by the Licensees for the stress tests,
nor the earlier national reviews has indicated any
fundamental weaknesses in the definition of
design basis events or the safety systems related
To the stress tests to withstand them for UK
NPPs »
A preliminary campaign of reinforced control
against external aggression (earthquakes,
floods, tornadoes…) permits to avoid immediate
shutdowns but some tests are still ongoing
Implementation
of prescriptions
• Reinforcing current protection of facilities and
certain materials against earthquakes and floods
• Reinforcement of back-up water and electricity
supplies
• Implementation of the “Force d’Action Rapide
Nucléaire” (FARN – Nuclear Rapid Action Force)
to bring, within 24 hours, human and material
needs on any site in critical situation
For the entire fleet, preparation for emergency
have been stepped up to reflect a better
understanding of the evolution of serious and the
availability of emergency equipment
The US nuclear industry anticipated and
reinforced its intervention/assistance tools
immediately, with the support of the INPO(3) and
the EPRI(4). All the procurements have been
arranged at the end of 2012. The industry also
decided and implemented two regional rapid
action centers
(3) Institute of Nuclear Power Operations
(4) Electric Power Research Institute
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EPR technological improvements made for: Safety:
Accident probability reduction (factor 10)
External hazard protection (aircraft shell)
Evolutionary design (core catcher)
Performance:
Annual generation boosted over 36%
Thermal efficiency improvement (+ 3 pts)
Increased availability (91%)
Radiation protection:
40% cut in present exposure
Environment:
Very important reduction of radioactive waste and gaseous and liquid discharges
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EPR design improvements
Core catcher in case
of an accidentAircraft shell
4 independant
safeguard systems
Systems and
components
improvement
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81
An update on the Flamanville 3 project at end-2012
First kWh generation targeted for 2016
Construction costs of about €8 billion(1)
Progress of works at 31 December 2012
□ 94% of civil engineering completed
□ 39% of electro-mechanical assembly completed
□ Turbo-alternator unit components being achieved
□ A full-scale simulator has been brought into service
□ Pumping station operational
New supports for the polar bridge of the reactor building installed
Installation of reactor dome expected for summer 2013
Proceedings with the French nuclear safety authority (ASN):
□ Modifications to the command centre validated by the ASN in April 2012
(1) In 2008 euros
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Flamanville 3 EPR: a first of a kind achievement, the feedback of which will benefit other projects Close cooperation with Areva teams on the French and Finnish EPRs
Organization designed to encourage Flamanville 3 feedback for the other projects, of which Taishan, and reciprocally
An in-depth analysis of Flamanville 3 to improve scheduling for next EPRs:
20 months of savings identifiedin Flamanville 3’s first four years
Impact already seen at Taishan
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China TNPJVC
Taishan 1 & 2 (EDF 30%)
Two 1,750 MW EPRs
under construction
16,000 people involved
Construction work carried out
at 31 December 2012
□ Unit 1: end of welding work on main primary circuit, civil engineering on reactor building and adjacent
auxiliary buildings complete; installation of first parts of turbo-alternator Group and first condenser
□ Unit 2: dome of the reactor building installed, main bridge in the machine room installed
□ Common areas: commissioning of water demineralization station
2013: electro-mechanical assembly and starting of launching tests
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New Nuclear – Rest of the World
26 November 2012: Office for Nuclear Regulation granted a Nuclear Site Licence for Hinkley Point C
13 December 2012: Health & Safety Executive issued a Design Acceptance Confirmation and the Environment Agency issued a Statement of Design Acceptability of the EPR Pressurised Water Reactor
4 February 2013: Centrica announced its decision not to participate in UK Nuclear New Build. This decision does not affect the continuing partnership between the two companies in the Nuclear Generation business
13 March 2013: Environment Agency granted the three main environmental permits required for operating the proposed site at Hinkley Point C
19 March 2013: The Secretary of State for Energy and Climate Change approved the Development Consent Order giving the planning permission to EDF to build a new nuclear power station at Hinkley Point C
Final Investment Decision to be made following conclusion of discussions with the UK Government on Contracts for Difference
Continued actions aiming at obtaining a license for the EPR in the US
United Kingdom
United States
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85
In the UK, Contracts for Difference can provide the certainty investors need to build new low carbon plants
Reduce market volatility and risksfor investors
Offers a fair deal for consumers
Not a new mechanism
IPPs in the 1990s
Used extensively during the Pool
Common in commodities trading
Can be tailored by technology
Implementation issues manageable
2010 2015 2020 2025 2030 2035
IntroductionGenerator pays difference
Difference paidto generator
Illustrative contract strike price
Power price (including carbon price support)
Illustrative Impact CfD on Revenues for Low Carbon Generators
(£/MWh) – starting 2018
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What are nuclear long term provisions ?
In France, EDF’s provisions are calculated in accordance with the law of 28 June 2006 and relevant expenses are estimated based on the economic conditions of the year-end
We may distinguish between two categories of provisions:
Provisions for back-end nuclear cycle expenses, covering:
Provisions for spent fuel management, including the used fuel in the reactor not yet spread
Provisions for long-term management of radioactive waste (see below for more details)
Provisions for decommissioning and for last cores
Another way to look at it from a financial point of view is to separate them based on the necessity to cover the provisions with dedicated assets
Indeed, only provisions for decommissioning, for long-term radioactive waste management and a part of provisions for last cores are to be covered by dedicated assets (see financial section for more information on dedicated assets)
The rest of the provisions (mainly provisions for spent fuel management) are part of the operating cycle and are not subject to the dedicated assets constitution
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The plant dismantling cycle: 3 key steps
Final shutdown
The first phase consists of unloading the fuel and draining all systems (after which 99.9% of on-site radioactivity has been eliminated), followed by decommissioning (dismantling of decommissioned non-nuclear installations)
Partial dismantling
The second phase consists in dismantling all equipment and buildings (with the exception of the reactor building), the packing and shipment of all waste to accredited storage and disposal facilities and monitoring of the reactor building
Full dismantling
This final phase involves the full dismantling of the reactor building and of materials and equipment that are still radioactive, as well as the removal of waste produced in this phase 3
Phase
3
Phase
1
Phase
2
The duration and complexity of the three phases may vary according to the actual
scope of the work that needs to be done
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EDF nuclear plants being dismantledIn 2001, EDF decided to fully dismantle its nine mothballed plants over a period of 25 years instead of 50 years
1 pressurized-water reactor (PWR)□ Chooz A (300 MW): 1967-1991
1 heavy-water reactor (HWR)□ Brennilis (70 MW): 1967-1985 (EDF / CEA)
6 natural uranium / graphite gas reactors
(NUGG)□ Chinon A1 (70 MW): 1963-1973
□ Chinon A2 (200 MW): 1965-1985
□ Chinon A3 (480 MW): 1966-1990
□ Saint-Laurent A1 (480 MW): 1969-1990
□ Saint-Laurent A2 (515 MW): 1971-1992
□ Bugey 1 (540 MW): 1972-1994
1 fast-neutron reactor (FNR)□ Creys-Malville (1,240 MW): 1986-1997
NUGG PWR HWR
Chooz
Bugey
Creys Malville
Brennilis St Laurent
Chinon
FNR
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International dismantling costs feedback
A level of provisions in line with the international benchmark
An OECD-NEA study published in late 2003 listed all costs, in USD (as of 1 July 2001) reported by various PWR operators worldwide, with the following results:
- Sweden: 93 USD / kW - Japan: 405 USD / kW
- Spain: 166 USD / kW - United States: 256 to 420 USD / kW
- Belgium: 212 USD / kW - Germany: 270 USD / kW
- France: 225 USD / kW (with USD 0.85 = 1 EUR) - Switzerland: 234 USD / kW
Excluding extreme values (Sweden and Japan), reported costs are within the same order of magnitude, with France 10 to 15% below average, which can be explained by the series effect that may be reasonably expected for the PWR fleet
EDF believes that the international benchmark published by the “Cour des Comptes(1)” in January 2012 strongly underestimates the correction on the management of spent fuels and for the cost difference between the type of plants (especially UK reactors, which are more costly to dismantle), thus inflating its estimate of the dismantling costs
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(1) Government Audit Body
90
Benchmarking vs. German plant operators
A direct comparison of nuclear provisions (dismantling and downstream cycle) in EDF’s accounts with German plant operators’ provisions is hindered by the important provisions aggregation reported by German plant operators
German plant operators’ higher level of dismantling provisions, when compared to their installed base,may be due to several factors :
The effect of discounting, as the French fleet is younger: a 10-year time lag lowers provisions by 25%
Differences in scope: in Germany, dismantling costs include the costs of building and operating an on-sitespent fuel storage building
The effect of greater volumes and standardization of processes and a lower dismantling cost for PWRreactors than for all the other types of reactors
Structural differences in organization and industrial choices (German reactors are of various typesand are run in a decentralized manner, in contrast to the integrated and standardized fleet in France)
EDF’s specific factors explain why its nuclear provisions are lower than
some other operators
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BWR vs. PWR comparisonBoiling-water reactorBASIC DIAGRAMME
A boiling water reactor (BWR) has more areas contaminated by primary circuit water and larger areas generating
nuclear waste than a pressurized-water reactor (PWR)
EDF Pressurised-water reactorBASIC DIAGRAMME
Zone generating nuclear waste upon dismantling
AlternatorTurbine
Condensor
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What is covered by long-term managementof radioactive waste?
Evacuation and storage of radioactive waste from the dismantling of nuclear facilities
Evacuation and storage of radioactive waste from the treatment of spent fuel in La Hague
Long-term warehousing and direct storage not recyclable on an industrial scale in existing facilities
EDF share of evaluation costs and costs of coverage, closure and supervision of storage centers:
Existing centers for very low-level, low-level and intermediate-level radioactive waste
Centers need to be created for long-lived low-, medium- and high-level radioactive waste (HL/IL-LL)
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Cigéo, proposed facility for reversible deep-storage of radioactive nuclear waste in France The law dated 28 June 2006 on the sustainable management of radioactive waste and other substances lays down the
principle of a reversible storage facility located in a deep geological layer for the long-term management of final
radioactive waste (HL/IL-LL). ANDRA is in charge of designing, building and operating the future storage facility
EDF is responsible for managing the radioactive waste its nuclear plants create and works in close collaboration with
ANDRA in order to implement a storage solution that is safe and cost effective. This cooperation is spelled out in an
agreement signed between ANDRA, EDF, AREVA and the CEA in early 2012
The public debate on a storage facility in the French departments of Meuse and Haute-Marne (Cigéo) is taking place
over a period spanning from 15 May to 15 October 2013
□ Publication of the report and a summary of the public debate on 12 December 2013
Provisional timeframe:
□ 2015: ANDRA submits request for authorisation to build Cigéo
□ 2019: Construction of Cigéo facilities (excluding prep work) begins
□ 2025: ANDRA commissions Cigéo, subject to the authorisation of the French Nuclear Safety Authority (ASN)
An update on the full cost of the project is expected before the end of 2013
Generation Nuclear Key points Nuclear
Nuclear New Build
Long-term provisions
SafetyExisting Nuclear France
Existing Nuclear UK
94
EDF main businesses
Generation
Nuclear
Hydropower & Renewables
Key highlights
Hydropower
Other renewables
EDF main businesses Generation Hydropower & renewablesNuclear Thermoelectric plants
95
97
105
95
36 3534
2625 25 24
19
15 14 13 11 10 9 8 7 7 7
HydroRenewables
A leader in hydropower and other renewable energies Europe’s leading hydropower producer
In France, EDF operates 435 hydropower plants and manages the water reservoirs held by its 239 large dams. In Italy EDF owns 47 hydro plants
Architect and lead contractor on international hydro projects
As of 31 December 2012, EDF holds 40 % of Nam Theun 2 Power Company (NTPC), owner of the hydro plants complex of Nam Theun 2 (for a total of 1,070 MW)
Feasibility studies conducted in Brazil (5 facilities complex for a total capacity of about 10,682 MW)
A major player in the green energies market
EDF EN among the world top 10 leaders in wind and solar
EDF EN is expanding in Europe, North America and Africa
2012 was a record year for the commissioning of about 1,550 MW of new wind and solar capacity
Wind power and solar photovoltaic: supporting a growing industry
Wind offshore in France: in April 2012, three of the French government’s four wind power projects were awarded to the consortium headed by EDF EN in the first tenders for offshore wind power launched in 2011 (1,500 MW)
Generation Hydropower & renewables HydropowerKey highlights Other renewables
Renewable installed capacity in 2011 (GW)
Sources: Global data and mentioned companies annual reports
#5
96
EDF: major positions in renewable energies
(1) Including EDF EN small hydro
Note: These figures are consolidated
Sources: EDF, EDF EN
56 MW90 MW 303 MW 935 MW 301 MW
1,697 MW713 MW (1)
301 MW
137 MW(1)
113 MW
3 MW241 MW 156 MW
A diversified portfolio with about 27 GW of net installed capacity
20,410 MW
1,361 MW
6 MW
73 MW
5 MW1 MW
63 MW
MW HydroMW Other renewables
Generation Hydropower & renewables HydropowerKey highlights Other renewables
97
Hydropower in the EDF Group
(1) Including French Islands activities and excluding Rance tidal power plant
(2) The EDF EN figure does include the whole worldwide installed capacity
(3) On 24 May 2013, EDF and EPH has signed definitive agreement for the sale of 49% of Stredoslovenska Energetika A.S. (SSE). The contemplated transaction will be submitted for
authorization to a general meeting of shareholders of SSE. Closing is expected during second semester of 2013 following receipt of antitrust clearance
Note: these figures are including minority financial participations
~1,358
~20,410
~73 ~3
~25
EDF Luminus
EDF SA(1)
Edison
SSE(3)
Estag
~2,804
Alpiq
Fenice
~81
EDF EN(2)
EDF 100% Companies
Nam
Theun 2
1,070
Vietnam
Thailande
Cambodge
Chine
Laos
Ventiane
~3
Installed capacity at the end of 2012 (non consolidated)
Generation Hydropower & renewables HydropowerKey highlights Other renewables
98
EDF's hydropower fleet in France
2012 net production (excluding Island Energy
Systems) = 34.5 TWh(1)
Benefits of hydropower
Speed, availability and flexibility
Renewable energy: annual savings
of 13 million ToE (tons of oil equivalent)
Water storage capacity (peak energy, cold source
for thermal and nuclear generation)
Able to provide system services to the network
(adjustment of frequency and voltage)
(1) Gross hydro production of 41.2 TWh, of which 6.7 TWh of pumped storage consumption
Generation Hydropower & renewables HydropowerKey highlights Other renewables
99
Different types of hydropower facilities
Run-of-river
No storage capacity
Energy generation depends solely on speed of water flow
Pondage water
Average size water reserve (daily or weekly)
Generation is concentrated at peak hours
Reservoirs
Large storage capacity
Influence on downstream plants, which calls for management of valley stations
Development of management strategy: trade-off between immediate gain and future gain to maximize the asset's value
Pumped storage (STEP)
Water is pumped from a downstream reservoir to an upstream reservoir to create a reserve during off-peak hours
Water is turbined from the upstream reservoir to the downstream reservoir during periodsof high demand
Grand-Maison, Revin, Montezic, Super Bissorte, La Coche, Le Cheylas
EDF disposes of a variety of hydropower facilities, able to meet baseload and peak demand, designed to optimize the use of water resources
Generation Hydropower & renewables HydropowerKey highlights Other renewables
100
EDF's hydropower fleet in France
8.8
4.3
3.1
3.6
0.2Reservoirs
Pumped storage
Run-of-river
Pondage
Installed capacity ~20 GW (1)
20% of the overall EDFgeneration capacity in France
15.8
1.18.8
17.1
0.5Reservoirs
Pumped storage
Run-of-river
Pondage
Theoretical maximum output: ~ 43.5 TWh
10% of the average EDF output in France
In GW InTWh
(1) Excluding Corsica and the French Overseas departments, 400 MW in 2012
Tidal Tidal
Generation Hydropower & renewables HydropowerKey highlights Other renewables
101
Potential hydropower generation depends on weather
0,0
1,0
2,0
3,0
4,0
5,0
6,0
7,0
1989-30,5 TWh
1994-53,2 TWh
2011-31,2 TWh
2012-39,1 TWh
In TWh
0.7
6.0
5.0
4.0
3.0
2.0
1.0
0.0
Maximum potential hydropower capacity: maximum quality of power that can be
produced from hydraulic sources (rain, snow, tides) over a given period of time
1989-30.5 TWh
1994-53.2 TWh
2011-31.2 TWh
2012-39.1 TWh
Generation Hydropower & renewables HydropowerKey highlights Other renewables
23 TWh gap between highest and lowest annual output potential over the past 23 years (1989-2012)
102
Investments in hydropower assets
2015 gains estimated > €90m
Generation Hydropower & renewables HydropowerKey highlights Other renewables
The “Renouveau” project for modernizing operations and maintenance
Gradual deployment across all units from 2012 to 2018
Features of the project:
Overseeing facilities and remote intervention via e-operations, modernizing the control-command systems
Substituting conditional and preventative maintenance to repair
Optimizing maintenance outages
Modernizing information systems by shifting to computer-aided maintenance
Simplifying management of small hydropower structures
Gains expected in:
Increasing output potential
Making temporary power available at peak times
Making additional system services available
103
Example of a hydropower replacement project: Romanche-Gavet (Isère department in France) Replacement of six hydropower plants by a single, underground facility
A €250m investment
93 MW capacity
Construction begun in 2011; plant set to come on line in 2017
155 GWh potential output gain
A 60-year concession
Generation Hydropower & renewables HydropowerKey highlights Other renewables
104
Renewal of hydropower concessions
On 22 April 2010, the Ministry of Ecology, Energy and Sustainable Development and Sea announced the
scope of the renewal of hydroelectric concessions
EDF currently holds the majority of the hydropower concessions in France
10 concessions, corresponding to a total power of 5,300MW and representing some 20% of the French
hydropower fleet (of which 4,300 MW held by EDF), are concerned
To put together these valley concessions, the French government decided that half of EDF concessions
(2,150 MW and about 3.5 TWh) are to be renewed early. Outgoing operators will receive compensation for the
lost income stemming from the early termination of the concession, in accordance with the terms of the
concession agreement
EDF is preparing to submit its best offer for each concession, combining improved energy efficiency, attention
to the environment (water resource, aquatic environment,…) , compensation of the government and local
authorities through fees and land development, while ensuring the safety and the social aspect of the
operation
In November 2012, a fact-finding parliamentary mission was created to study the award of hydropower
concessions. The Rapporteur of this mission is expected to release his findings during the first
semester 2013
Generation Hydropower & renewables HydropowerKey highlights Other renewables
105
EDF Energies Nouvelles: history in brief1990 1999 2000 2002 2004 2006 2008 2011
Creation of SIIF
Energies
First investment
in wind energy
EDF acquires a 35% interest in
SIIF Energies
Acquisition of EnXco in the United States
EDF raises its stake in SIIF Energies to 50%
SIIF Energies changes its name to
EDF Energies Nouvelles
IPO and €530M increase in capital to
finance expansion in wind energy
Creation of ENR, a joint venture with EDF in
distributed energies
€500M capital increase to finance the plan to
expand in solar energy
EDF acquires full ownership of EDF
Energies Nouvelles shares
2012
EDF EN and its local partners were the
successful bidders for three off-shore wind
power farms. Implementation in South Africa,
Morocco, Israel and Poland
Generation Hydropower & renewables HydropowerKey highlights Other renewables
106
EDF EN: Installed capacity and capacity under construction, by type
In MWGross Net
at 31/12/2011 at 31/12/2012 at 31/12/2011 at 31/12/2012
Wind 3,521.5 4,680.3 2,789.5 3,629.2
Solar 413.5 497.3 340.6 409.6
Hydro 84.2 84.2 77.1 81.4
Biogas 60.3 64.9 59.5 63.0
Biomass 26.0 26.0 18.2 18.2
Cogeneration 19.2 19.2 6.7 6.7
Total installed capacity 4,124.7 5,371.9 3,291.6 4,208.1
Wind under construction 1,490.1 1,113.4 892.2 577.8
Solar under construction 287.1 170.4 153.5 164.2
Other under construction 4.3 45.1 3.2 43.8
Total capacity under
construction1,781.5 1,328.9 1,048.9 785.8
Total 5,906.2 6,700.8 4,340.5 4,993.9
Generation Hydropower & renewables HydropowerKey highlights Other renewables
107
Tender in French off-shore windfarms: success of the consortium led by EDF EN on 3 sites out of 4 Best industrial program (40% of the score)
□ Over 7,000 direct and indirect jobs
□ Direct drive turbine of 6 MW Alstom
The most comprehensive technical and
environmental studies (20% of the score)
□ Extensive wind studies and extensive geotechnical
investigations
□ Long involvement with local stakeholders
Electricity tariffs corresponding to the Group’s
investment criteria (40% of the score)
Investment post-2015 and commercial operation
in 2017 at the earliest
Three out of four projects won by the consortium led by EDF EN (up to 1,500 MW)
Le Tréport(1) (Seine-Maritime)600 to 750 MW
Fécamp (Seine-Maritime)480 to 500 MW
Courseulles-sur-Mer (Calvados)420 to 500 MW
Saint-Brieuc(Côtes d’Armor)
480 to 500 MW
Saint-Nazaire(Loire-Atlantique)
420 to 750 MW
Dunkerque
Dieppe
Le HavreCherbourg
Saint-Nazaire
Brest
(1) Tender for Le Treport was declared unsuccessful
Generation Hydropower & renewables HydropowerKey highlights Other renewables
108
Tender in Moroccan and South African wind: EDF EN selected as “preferred bidder”
Morocco: Taza’s project (150 MW) Competitive mix of Alstom 3 MW turbines
Support of the Alstom experienced and effective local structure
Very competitive investment and excellent wind conditions
Partnership with Mitsui
20-year PPA with ONE being finalized
South Africa: Chaba (20.6 MW), Waainek (23.3 MW) and Grassridge (59.8 MW) 3 MW Vestas turbines
Projects carried out via the local developer Innowing, EDF EN 80%-owned subsidiary
PPA guaranteed by South African’s State
Commissioning expected by 2015
Strict respect of the Group investment criteria
Generation Hydropower & renewables HydropowerKey highlights Other renewables
109
EDF main businesses
Generation
Nuclear
Hydropower & Renewables
Thermoelectric plants
Overview
Focus on France
Focus on international
EDF main businesses Generation Hydropower & renewablesNuclear Thermoelectric plants
110
112
116
110
Fossil Fired Generation is likely to remain the numberone source of electricity generation in the world
Source: IEA 2010 report
Generation Focus on FranceOverview Focus on international
Coal
Gas
Hydro
Nuclear
Wind
Biomass
Other renewables
Oil
0 2,000 4,000 6,000 8,000 10,000
2008
2020
2035
In TWh
Thermoelectric plants
111
EDF is well positioned to meet new challengesof fossil-fired generation
Did you know?
Existing fleet
~ 38(1) GWInstalled worldwide
~ 23 GWmade up of fuel-fired
and coal plants
~ 15 GWmade up of gas-fired plants (incl. cogeneration)
(1) Net generation capacity
EDF experience in fossil-fired generation is reflected by existing assets and current investments in France and abroad
An important part of the energy mix for the Group (25% of the installed capacity) variable betweenthe countries (12% of installed capacity of EDF in France and c.80% in Italy)
Development of plants / IPPs in Asia (China, Vietnam), South America (Brazil) and Europe
Development of gas thermoelectric plants: construction of CCGTs (4 in France and 3 in the UK)
Towards a better environmental performance
Development of more efficient combined cycle gas plants (reducing by 50% the CO2 emissions by kWh produced, three times less of nitrogen oxide and very little sulfur and dust)
Engagement in the supercritical coal technology with better environmental performances (JV in China with Sanmenxia 2 supercritical power plant)
Research focusing on carbon capture, with a pilot unit in Le Havre (France)
Towards a better technical performance
Investment in a new generation combined cycle gas in Bouchain with GE Flex Efficiency turbine (efficiently raised by 61% and maximal power reached in 30 minutes)
Target of increasing responsiveness and flexibility of fossil-fired plants to compensate for the volatility of generation from renewable energies
Generation Focus on FranceOverview Focus on internationalThermoelectric plants
112
0
50
100
150
200
250
300
350
CO2
EDF Group CO2 specific emissions vs. Europe
(1) European carbon factor of the main electricity producers (source: PWC study – November 2012)
Europe (2011)(1)
EDF Group (2012)
EDF SA (2012)
g/kWh
Generation Focus on FranceOverview Focus on internationalThermoelectric plants
113
EDF thermal plant fleet in mainland France
• Coal-fired plants
Seven 250 MW units
Four c.600 MW units
• Fuel oil-fired plants
Four c.600 MW units
Four c.700 MW units
• CCGTs
3 CCGT totaling 1,357 MW
510 MW of CCGT under construction (Bouchain in 2015)
• Combustion turbines
13 turbines totaling 1,862 MW
Le Havre Bouchain
La Maxe
Vitry / Seine
Vaires /Marne
Porcheville
Blénod
Aramon
Martigues
Dirinon
Brennilis
Cordemais Arrighi
Montereau
Gennevilliers
Paris
5
42 3 5
2 3 4
1 2
1 2 3 4
2 4 1
21
43
1 2 3
1 2
1 2
43
1 2
1 ~ 12.6 GW (excluding overseas and Corsica) divided as follows:
Generation Focus on FranceOverview Focus on internationalThermoelectric plants
6
114
An industrial project for better environmental performance
12
0
2
4
6
8
10
1990 2000 2010 2016 2020
1200
1000
800
600
400
200
0
Atmospheric emissions from fossil-fired plants in France
(kg/MWh)
Dust
Nitrogen oxides
Sulfur oxides
CO2
(kg CO2 /MWh)
Generation Focus on FranceOverview Focus on internationalThermoelectric plants
115
Commissioning of CCGT plant in Martigues Repowering of the first 465MW production unit of a Combined Cycle Gas (CCGT) plant on
31 August 2012
A second unit commissioned on 7 June 2013
Repowering: Reusing part of the existing (renovated) facilities:
steam turbine
pumping station
waste station
cooling circuit
Combining a combustion turbine and an exhaust-recovery boiler
Improving the site’s performance: Half the CO2 emissions
Four-fold reduction in nitrogen oxide emissions
Little dust, very little sulfur oxide
57% efficiency vs. 37% for old facilities
The site, with the two units, is the most powerful CCGT by repowering in France with 930 MW
Investment for the two Combined Cycle Gas: €500m
15% less expensive than building a new facility
Generation Focus on FranceOverview Focus on internationalThermoelectric plants
116
International projects carried out by EDF
Realized or in progress projects
VietnamCCGT Phu My
(2005)
ChinaCoal
Laibin (2000)Shandong (Heze & Liaocheng) (2003-04)
partnership Sanmenxia (since 2009)
EgyptGAZ Suez & Port Saïd
(2003)
Ivory CoastTAC Azito
(1998)
Mexico CCGT Altamira 2CCGT Rio Bravo 2-3-4CCGT Saltillo(2001 to 2005)
BrasilCCGT Norte Fluminense (2004)
SpainIGCC Puertollano (99)
United Kingdom CCGT West Burton
(2012)
The NetherlandsCCGT Sloe (2010)
ItalyCCGT Tarente (96) & Piombino (2000)
LebanonBeddawi &
Zahrani (98)
Saoudi ArabiaSubsidiary creationEDF Saudi Arabia (2010)
Generation Focus on FranceOverview Focus on internationalThermoelectric plants
117
EDF main businesses
Generation
Networks - Transmission & Distribution
Overview
Focus on transmission
EDF main businesses Generation Networks Optimization - Trading - Supply Gas
118
121
118
Key expertise in networks
Electricity transmission France: via RTE, with 100,000 km of lines and more than 2,600 substations and 46 cross-border
interconnections
Engineering projects outside France led by EDF in Vietnam and Senegal
Electricity distribution France: via ERDF, Électricité de Strasbourg, EDF IES (in France), with ~1.3 million km of lines
Hungary and Slovakia(1): through Group subsidiaries which own high, medium and low voltage grids
Increasing use of delegated management partnerships (e.g agreement signed with the Russian power distributor MRSK and with the Chinese State Grid)
Evolving business model to take into account various new decentralized generation solutions and allow consumers to manage their consumption more closely
EDF main businesses Networks Overview Focus on transmission
(1) On 24 May 2013, EDF and EPH have signed a definitive agreement for the disposal of EDF's minority stake of 49% in Stredoslovenská Energetika a.s. (SSE). The contemplated
transaction will be submitted for authorization to a general meeting of shareholders of SSE. Closing is expected during second semester of 2013 following receipt of antitrust
clearance.
119
The network tariff in France: the TURPE
Multi-year predefined tariffs over 4 years (from 1 August 2009 until 31 July 2013 for the TURPE 3)
General principle is to cover costs and to give a return on capital invested: « cost + » type regulation
Rate of return is computed on Regulated Asset Base (RAB) at a nominal pre-tax rate equal to 7.25% (for Transmission & Distribution)
Incentive regulation on 4 items: manageable costs, network loss purchase, quality of supply (distribution) and quality of service
A regulatory account, the « Compte de Régulation des Charges et Produits » (income and expenditure adjustment account), measures and compensates ex-post, differences between actual outcomes and forecast on which the TURPE is determined by the CRE. « CRPC » in particular protects ERDF and RTE against volume risk
Evolutions between TURPE 2 and TURPE 3
Extension of CRCP scope and annual indexation
Incentive regulation (bonus/malus) on 4 items: manageable costs, quality of supply, quality of service and network loss purchase
Activités principales d'EDFEDF main businesses Networks Overview Focus on transmission
120
From TURPE 3 to TURPE 4: calendarDistribution
November 2012: cancellation by the French State Council (Conseil d’Etat) of TURPE 3 distribution
February 2013: CRE’s proposal for new TURPE 3 distribution to be implemented in June
June 2013: CRE’s consultation on TURPE 4 distribution
1st January 2014: expected implementation of TURPE 4 distribution
Transmission
1st August 2013: TURPE 4 transmission implementation
1st June 1st August 1st January 2014
Implementation of new
TURPE 3 distribution
Establishment of TURPE 4
transmissionEstablishment of TURPE 4
distribution
EDF main businesses Networks Overview Focus on transmission
121
TURPE 4: Transmission regulation
Fixed assets (excl. Work in progress(1)
and WCR) =
Regulatory Asset Base (RAB)
€11.7bn at the end of 2012
Industrial
Depreciation
Operating
Expenses
Revenues from regulated
tariffs
Tariffs depending on the
time of day or season
Depreciation of
CRCP linked to TURPE 3
+ Capex
- dep.
Each year
Remuneration
of RAB
+
+
-
Regulatory rate of returnRAB beginning of the year remunerated at 7.25%
Work in progress remunerated at a rate of 4.6%
(1) Remunerated at a rate of 4.6% pa
Simplified incentive
scheme / TURPE 3
EDF main businesses Networks Overview Focus on transmission
122
Average TURPE 3 over the 2009-2012 tariff period
(1) Remunerated at a rate of 4.8% pa
Regulated Asset Base (RAB)
€10.7bn (average 2009-2012)
€11.4bn at 01/01/2012
€11.2bn at 01/01/2011
€10.7bn at 01/01/2010
Fixed assets
(excluding work in progress(1))
Industrial depreciation
€0.6bn
Operating expenses
€3.0bn
Revenues from regulated
tariffs
€4.0bn
€3.8bn in 2009
€4.0bn in 2010
€3.9bn in 2011
Included in tariff
Depreciation of CRCP linked
to TURPE 2€0.2bn
Remuneration of R.A.B.
€0.8bn
+
+
-
Regulatory rate of return
7.25%Interconnections subject to tariff and paratariff declines
€0.2bn
-
EDF main businesses Networks Overview Focus on transmission
123
TURPE yearly indexation
Yearly indexation TURPE 3 (HCPI-X+ K). Tariff is adjusted each year on the implementation date of TURPE 3 (after an initial increase of 2.0% on 1 August 2009)
Transmission: 2.5% increase on 1 August 2010, then 2.56% increase on 1 August 2011, then 2.79% on 1 August 2012
Yearly indexation on 1 August based on the formula: HCPI - X + K
HCPI = harmonized consumer price index of Year N-1
-X = 0.4% (cost factor: tariff-based costs evolve faster than inflation)
K = CRCP reconciliation term
Yearly indexation TURPE 4 (CPI+ K). Tariff is adjusted each year on the implementation date of TURPE 4 (after an initial increase of 2.4% expected on 1 August 2013)
Transmission: Yearly indexation on 1 August based on the formula: CPI + K
CPI = Consumer Price Index in France excluding tobacco of Year Y-1
K = CRCP reconciliation term
EDF main businesses Networks Overview Focus on transmission
124
Regulation and asset base in France
2012 RAB WACC Indexing
Electricity
transmission
Net book value =
€11.7bn
7.25%nominal before taxes
2.4% on 1 August 2013
Inflation (CPI) + CRCP on 1 August
each following year 2014-2016
EDF main businesses Networks Overview Focus on transmission
125
Transmission regulation – Change in RAB
(1) Excl. Work in progress (€1.1bn) remunerated at a rate of 4.8% and 1976 appraisal difference
Fixed assets(1)
1 Jan 2012
€11.8bn
Investment subsidies
1 Jan 2012
€0.48bn
Regulated asset base (RAB) (1)
1 Jan 2012
€11.3bn
CAPEX: €1.37bn
2012 depreciation/amort:
€0.62bn
Other €0.33bn
-
Delta = - €0.09bn
Delta = + €0.34bn
Fixed assets(1)
1 Jan 2013
€12.2bn
Investment subsidies
1 Jan 2013
€0.57bn
Regulated asset base (RAB) (1)
1 Jan 2013
€11.6bn
Delta = + €0.42bn
-
-
-
EDF main businesses Networks Overview Zoom transmission
126
EDF main businesses
Generation
Networks - Transmission & Distribution
Optimization - Trading - Supply
Optimization principles
Optimization and Trading at EDF in France
Supply in France
EDF main businesses Generation Networks Optimization - Trading - Supply Gas
127
131
135
127
Optimization and Trading: leveraging the value chain
The main role of the optimizer is to ensure the balancing between sources and uses of energy in France
The objective is to secure and maximize the gross electricity margin of the “generation-supply” entity through the optimal use of upstream or downstream asset flexibility and by seeking the best purchasing and sales opportunities on wholesale markets:
Upstream resources: generation fleet, long-term electricity purchasing contracts, bilateral purchasing agreements, purchases on wholesale markets, purchase obligations from decentralized producers
Downstream commitments: long-term supply contracts, bilateral sales agreements,sales to end users, sales on wholesale markets
The supply-demand balance is forecast over different time horizons
To face the “volume” risk and the main critical situations, sufficient margins in terms of
capacity must always be available
EDF main businessesOptimization – Trading Supply
Optimization principles Optimization and Tradingat EDF in France Supply in France
Did you know?
EDF Trading is one of the most important energy traders in Europe and has strong positions in the US
Trading figuresfor 2012:
• 3,130 TWh of electricity
• 445 MBTU of gas
• 706 Mt of coal
• 381 Mt of CO2
The goal of the optimizer is to optimize costs and inventories, resorting to the wholesale market (through EDF Trading)
128
Optimization-trading within the Group: towards full integration
Completed
In progress
Scheduled by 2015
France United KingdomCentral and
Eastern EuropeBelgium
Power
Short-term assets optimisation
Flexibility on forward markets
Coal
Gas
CO2 / biomass
NA
NA
NA
EDF main businessesOptimization – Trading Supply
Optimization principles Optimization and Tradingat EDF in France Supply in France
129
Optimization - scheduling of generation facilities based on variable costs
Stack chart of generation facilities
Example of one high consumption day in winter
The optimizer schedules the operation of
generation facilities, ranking according to
their merit order, until the estimated
demand is met
Did you know?
The merit order is a way of ranking available
sources of energy, especially electrical
generation, in ascending order of their short-
run marginal costs of generation, so that
those with the lowest marginal costs are the
first ones to be brought online to meet
demand, and the plants with the highest
marginal costs are the last to be brought on
lineThermique à flamme (fioul, charbon et CCG)
Peak facilities
Base load facilities
Semi-base load facilities
« Must-run » generation
Combustion turbines
« Reservoir » hydro facilities
Thermal power (oil and coal)
Nuclear power
Hydro (« run-of-river » & pondage facilities)& Purchase obligations (wind, …)
EDF main businessesOptimization – Trading Supply
Optimization principles Optimization and Tradingat EDF in France Supply in France
130
Daily optimization: preliminary optimization by each producer Before the market, each producer determines the resources required to meet a given level of demand
It classifies its available generation facilities from the least expensive to the most expensive
It then determines the marginal cost of purchases/sales on the market to meet the supply-demand balance of its own portfolio:
Spot power price (day ahead) is based on
the generation cost of the last called plant
(marginal plant)
In that case, with a demand of 75 GW, the
price stands at €60/MWh. In this case, the
marginal plant is coal
Charbon
Cumulated power generation (MW)
Th
eo
reti
cal g
en
era
tio
n c
os
t (€
/MW
h) Cost / Volume curve France
Nuclear Gas
Hydropower
Coal
EDF main businessesOptimization – Trading Supply
Optimization principles Optimization and Tradingat EDF in France Supply in France
20,000 40,000 60,000 80,000
“Must run” purchases obligations
131
Maximising the consolidated gross margin Structural diagram:
The objective is to make the Producer, the Optimizer and the Supplier responsible for their own activities within an explicit mandate
There is a joint objective, to maximize the gross margin, driven primarily by the Optimizer
Producer Optimizer Supplier
Responsibilities
Ensuring the availability of generation facilities
Controlling maintenanceoperating costs
Responsibilities
Optimizing the Upstream/Downstream
balance
Maximising the consolidated gross
margin
Managing risks
Responsibilities
Maximizing supply margins
Guaranteeingmarket shares
Gross Electricity Margin Supply/Generation
EDF main businessesOptimization – Trading Supply
Optimization principles Optimization and Tradingat EDF in France Supply in France
132
Optimizer's interactions with the supplier and producer
The producer undertakes to provide the optimizer with:
Its best estimate of the availability of generation facilities
Complete transparency on its constraints and costs
The supplier undertakes to provide the optimizer with:
Its best estimate of the development of its customer portfolio and volumes consumed by its customers
Full transparency on products sold to its clients, including embedded optionalities with the associated risks
The optimizer undertakes to provide the producer and supplier with:
Economic signals so that each entity will manage their portfolios in order to maximize gross margin
EDF main businessesOptimization – Trading Supply
Optimization principles Optimization and Tradingat EDF in France Supply in France
133
The upstream/downstream balance is fairly volatile over different time periods
Thermo-sensitivity of consumption: temperature has a strong influence on demand in winter, one degree less equals to 2,300 MW of higher consumption in France
Variations in water levels major variation in generation potential year on year(typically c.15 TWh between a dry year and a rainy year)
Unplanned unavailability of generation facilities (nuclear power, fossil-fired power, ...)
Mandatory purchases from smaller producers (decentralized): strong fluctuation in contributionof renewable energies (up to~ 2,600 MW from one day to another on the French wind power generation)
Sales on the wholesale markets: optionalities at the hand of EDF counterparties
EDF main businessesOptimization – Trading Supply
Optimization principles Optimization and Tradingat EDF in France Supply in France
134
Use of the wholesale market The optimizer balances the difference by transacting on the wholesale market, when there
is a difference between the sum of the upstream and downstream positions
It is possible to transact different products over different time periods
Medium term: purchases or sales of annual products for the year Y+1/Y+2/Y+3
Short term: same principle with purchases/sales today for the next day (spot) or over the next fewhours of the day
Intermediate products (quarterly products over two to three coming quarters and weekly productsover two to three coming weeks) also exist
The optimizer can directly contact its potential counterparties or go through the organized markets
OTC (over the counter) bilateral agreements: direct trade with counterparty
Regulated exchanges: pooling of supply and demand by a market organizer and settlement of trades (Epexspot in France, Belpex in Belgium, etc.)
The optimizer for France has access to the market exclusively via EDF Trading
EDF main businessesOptimization – Trading Supply
Optimization principles Optimization and Tradingat EDF in France Supply in France
135
France: upstream/downstream electricity balance in 2012 (excluding French electrical islands business)
(1)VPP: capacity auctions, now ended, resulting from a commitment by EDF to the European Union in the context of EDF’s acquisition of EnBW shares, to encourage competition on the French market
405
3515 53625
Net market purchases
Purchase obligations
LT & structured purchases
Fossil-fired
Hydropower
Nuclear
Output/Purchases
-16
+3-3
+8
+3
+18
521 +13
∆ 2012vs. 2011
378
55
27
61NOME supply
Auctions (VPP)
Structured sales
End-customers
Sales
521 +13
∆ 2012vs. 2011
+7
+30
-11
-13
In TWh
(1)
EDF main businessesOptimization – Trading Supply
Optimization principles Optimization and Tradingat EDF in France
Supply in France
136
EDF’s 2012 electricity business in France in 2012
(1) Including EDF self-consumption(2) Local Distribution Companies (LDC)
142.4
175.6
59.9
178.6
39.7
81.9
17.8
Residential customers
Business and professionals(1)
(at historic tariff)
LDC(2) transfer price
Green tariff
Yellow tariff
Blue tariff
2012 end-customer sales (in TWh)
2.1
Business and professionals(out of historic tariff)
o/w Eurodif (Export and Contract processing)
EDF main businessesOptimization – Trading Supply
Optimization principles Optimization and Tradingat EDF in France
Supply in France
137
EDF’s downstream portfolio in 2012
(1) VPP: capacity auctions, now ended, resulting from a commitment by EDF to the European Union in the context of EDF’s acquisition of EnBW shares, to encourage competition on the French market
30.8
60.8
66.4
-7.3
55.2
-25.4
33 2.2
Wholesale markets and VPP sales
Structured sales
ARENH sales
118.2
ARENH sales
Structured sales
2011 2012
Wholesale markets
AuctionsVPP (1)
130.2
Downstream portfolio managed by optimisation business unit(via EDF Trading for the wholesale market interface)
In TWh
Wholesale markets and VPP sales
Wholesale markets
EDF main businessesOptimization – Trading Supply
Optimization principles Optimization and Tradingat EDF in France
Supply in France
138
Tariffs in France The tariff structure includes a range of regulated electricity tariffs, depending on the type of consumers: blue for residential and small professionals, yellow
and green for companies
The evolution of tariffs is determined by the Economy and Energy ministers, after consultation with the CRE (Commission for the Regulation of Electricity)
The tariff is called “integrated” as it covers all the following elements:
The supply portion (approx. 60% excl. taxes for residential customers), which can be split into the “energy” portion (« baseload » + « shape factor»), based on generation costs, and into “commercial” costs (client management and marketing)
The network portion (approx. 40% excl. taxes for residential customers), including the cost of using the public transmission network operated by RTE and the public distribution network mainly operated by ERDF (95% of volume is distributed by ERDF). The network cost portion is based on the tariff for use of the public electricity transmission and distribution networks (TURPE)
Since 1 July 2007, all customers in France can freely choose their electricity supplier
51.0
35.0
13.55.0Taxes (5%)
CSPE (13%)
TURPE (33%)
Generation and supply costs (49%)
€104.5/MWh
47.0
18.013.0
2.0
€80.0/MWh
53.0
44.0
13.5
33.0Taxes (22%)
CSPE (9%)
TURPE (31%)
Generation and supply costs (38%)
€143.5/MWh
Taxes (3%)
CSPE (16%)
TURPE (22%)
Generation and supply costs (59%)
Average bill breakdown excluding VAT
Yellow tariff (1 January 2013)Average bill breakdown excluding VAT
Green tariff (1 January 2013)
Average bill breakdown including VAT
Blue residential tariff (1 January 2013)
EDF main businessesOptimization – Trading Supply
Optimization principles Optimization and Tradingat EDF in France
Supply in France
139
Change in tariffs and inflation in France in 2012
2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012
Inflation (June N / June N-1) 1.1% 3.6% -0.7% 1.6% 2.1% 2.0%
Average tariffs 1.2% 3.6% 2.7% 3.8% 2.2% 2.0%
o/w:
Blue tariff 1.1% 2.0% 1.9% 3.2% 1.7% 2.0%
Yellow tariff 1.5% 6.0% 4.0% 4.5% 3.2% 2.0%
Green tariff 1.5% 8.0% 5.0% 5.5% 3.2% 2.0%
LDC(1) transfer tariffs 0.0% 8.0% 5.6% 10.0% 1.3% 2.3%
Source: Insee
(1) Local Distribution Companies (LDC)
(2) The CRE delivered an unfavorable opinion on the 2% tariff increase applied on all three tariffs (blue, yellow and green) in summer 2012, the increase not being high enough to cover
the costs as requested by law
(2)
EDF main businessesOptimization – Trading Supply
Optimization principles Optimization and Tradingat EDF in France
Supply in France
140
ARENH volumes allocated to competitors under the NOME law
30.8 30.2 30.6 32.9
ARENH 2012(€42/MWh)
Maximum total volume of EDF’s sales to competing suppliers (excepting network losses): 100 TWh(2)
Volumes allocated equivalent to 85% of delivery in 2012
Option for the volumes for the second semester of 2013: 33.5 TWh
□ Can be amended by competitors until 15 May 2013, under certain conditions. Otherwise, cancellation
and replacement of initial H2 volumes by extending the yearly sales to H1 2014
2012 volumes supplied by EDF to competitors: 60.8 TWh
(1) November 2012 notification(2) Determined by law
In TWh
ARENH 2011(€40/MWh)
ARENH 2012(€42/MWh)
ARENH 2013
H2 2012 volumes supplied
H1 2012 volumes supplied
H2 2011 volumes supplied
H1 2013 volumes supplied(1)
• The CRE determines the ARENH ex-
ante rights of each provider based
upon provider forecasts according to
their customer portfolio and to
established allocation methods
• At the end of each year, the CRE
settles the ARENH rights of each
supplier based on actual customer
consumption
• An additional price component is
then billed to every supplier whose
actual rights are below those
allocated based on their forecast
Did you know?
EDF main businessesOptimization – Trading Supply
Optimization principles Optimization and Tradingat EDF in France
Supply in France
141
EDF main businessesGeneration
Networks - Transmission & Distribution
Optimization - Trading - Supply
Gas
European gas sector
EDF strategy
Key highlights on EDF gas business
EDF main businesses Generation Networks Optimization - Trading - Supply Gas
142
143
144
142
The growing importance of gas Uncertainty on the demand side: role of gas in decarbonization of European economies
Gas-fired plants do emit two times less CO2 than coal-fired plants
Gas consumption is currently moderated by the economic difficulties, especially in Europe where consumption decreased in 2012
Long-term trend will therefore depend primarily on economic parameters and implementation of European energy policies (renewable energy, greenhouse gas emissions, energy efficiency…), and should be moderate until 2035 notably due to higher needs for electricity output
But given current depletion of European reserves, Europe will rely increasingly on imports in the future
Uncertainty on the supply side: growth in unconventional gas in Europe ? Indigenous gas production of European countries (UK, Netherlands) will continue to decline
Shale gas in the US has been a game changer for the demand-supply balance triggering a drastic reduction in LNG imports and the emergence of LNG export projects
Europe has more limited shale gas reserves, which are also likely to be more difficult to extract and expensive to produce. Initial exploration results in Poland have been disappointing. Other European countries (France, Bulgaria) decided to implement a moratorium on the application of hydraulic fracturing
Europe will indeed have to fulfill its supply needs by increasing its imports, which will be in competition with growing consumption of emerging markets. Furthermore, the access to reliable gas sourcing emphasizes the importance to develop new pipeline and LNG regasification infrastructures
Gas European gas sector EDF strategy Key highlights on EDF gas businessEDF main businesses
Did you know?
Rule-of-thumb: gas-fired plants emit
approx. 2 times less
CO2 than coal-fired
plants
Importance for energy companies to have access to gas infrastructures
143
EDF’s gas strategy along the gas value chain
Exploration /
ProductionStorage
Transport /
DistributionTrading Supply1 2 3 4 5
Sign partnerships with oil and gas companies built mainly on Edison’s expertise
Control the cost of flexibility
Examples:
Hill Top Farm storage expansion (in the UK)
Italian storage expansion and projects (San Potito Cotignola, Palazzo Moroni)
Etzel storage (in Germany)
Develop importation infrastructures (LNG and pipelines) to have direct access to gas sources avoiding dependency, and anticipate future needs
Examples:
South Stream project
Dunkirk LNG
Looking for arbitrage. Help subsidiaries to optimize their supply strategies
Dual offer (electricity and gas) to our domestic customers
In 2012, 246 TWh of gas sold to end-users
Offer a dual offer electricity / gas to final customers
Supply EDF’s gas-fired power plants
Benefit from arbitrage opportunities
Gas European gas sector EDF strategy Key highlights on EDF gas businessEDF main businesses
144
Natural gas end-market
2012 Group sales to end customers: ~246 TWh(1)
France: in 2012, EDF marketed 20.9 TWh, giving a market share of 4.3% on over 880,000 sites. At the end of 2012,
EDF supplied gas to about 780,000 residential customers
In 2012, EDF’s gas sales business in France was strengthened through the acquisition of Enerest, the main distributor
of natural gas in Strasbourg and the Bas-Rhin region, purchased in April 2012 by Électricité de Strasbourg, a wholly
owned subsidiary of EDF. Enerest totaled more than 100,000 customers and supplied 5.2TWh of gas
Italy: 584,000 sites and ~178 TWh, or 21% market share
United Kingdom: ~2 millions customers and 31.1 TWh
Belgium: ~558,000 customers and 17.2 TWh, or around 20% market share
(1) Sales of the EDF companies, EDF Energy, Edison, EDF Luminus, Estag (Austria) at 100%, i.e., not corrected for interest percentage (including non-controlling
interests). The gas business of EDF Trading is not taken into account in this figure.
Gas European gas sector EDF strategy Key highlights on EDF gas businessEDF main businesses
145
Dunkirk terminal Foundation stone laid on 5 October 2012
The Dunkirk methane terminal, in operation at end-2015,
will be made up of the following facilities:
A dock for around 120 methane tankers a year
A liquefied natural gas (LNG) unloading system
Three LNG storage tanks holding 190,000 cm3 each
A regasification unit (from -160°C to 0°C)
A tunnel feeding cooling water from the Gravelines nuclear plant
will be used to reheat the LNG
A pipeline to the gas transport network in France and Belgium
Three project managers will be involved in the project:
Dunkirk Port Authority (“Grand Port Maritime de Dunkerque”) in charge of the port infrastructure consisting of a dock, unloading platform
and a platform for the industrial infrastructure covering around 50 hectares partly reclaimed from the sea
EDF, via Dunkerque LNG (65% EDF, 25% Fluxys, 10% Total), in charge of the industrial infrastructure for unloading, storage
and regasification of LNG (totalling €1bn2010)
GRTgaz and Fluxys Belgium in charge of the connection to the gas transport network
Overall terminal capacity will be 13 bcm / year, representing 20% of France LNG import capacities.
EDF will be one of the main users of this terminal
Gas European gas sector EDF strategy Key highlights on EDF gas businessEDF main businesses
147
EDF Group corporate responsibility approach and process
A strong undertaking for the Group
Group strategy implementation
Monitoring and certifications
Extra-financial rating: a constant source of improvement for the Group
The EDF Group EDF main businessesEDF strategy Financials Market data AppendicesCorporate responsibility
Commitments associated with a strong monitoring
148
149
150
156
157
148
A strong undertaking
Extra financial rating
A strong undertaking for the Group
Commitments associated with objectives developed from works carried out with all Group’s divisions and subsidiaries
Approval by EDF Executive Committee
Project submitted in Ethics Committee of EDF Board of Directors
Method presented and discussed with the EDF Group SD Panel(1) bringing together qualified personalities and experts from the civil society
Presentation during EDF Shareholder’s Annual Meeting on 30 May 2013
Corporate Responsibility
Strategy implementation
Monitoring and certificationCommitments
(1) Sustainable Development panel: it provides advice and a critical assessment of the Group’s commitments to sustainable development and their implementation.
149
Group strategy implementation
Strengthening Group’s competitive advantage
Developing industrial opportunities
A common core of Group’s policies (Sustainable Development, human resources, purchasing ...)
A managerial mobilisation factor and a shared culture within an international Group
A strong undertaking
Extra financial rating
Corporate Responsibility
Strategy implementation
Monitoring and certificationCommitments
150
Three dimensions
Commitments covering the sustainable development key issues of the Group
Responsible
employer
Responsible
partner
Responsible
industrial firm
A strong undertaking
Extra financial rating
Corporate Responsibility
Strategy implementation
Monitoring and certificationCommitments
151
2,705N.C.
21,456
6053,231
353
21,417
314
4,345
428
21,933
266
Eolien Solaire Hydraulique Autre ENR
2010
2011
2012
A responsible industrial firmMaintain the highest levels of security at EDF facilities
Meet the international FTSE4Good(1) criteria for nuclear safety
2012 result
March: inclusion into FTSE4Good index
Invest in renewable energies and increase their competitiveness
Publication of change in capacity (in MWe) from renewable energies at constant scope
Remain the leading main energy provider in terms of the development of low-carbon energies
Upholding of direct CO2 emissions (g/kWh) within the 150 g/kWh limit(3)
Significantly contribute to improving energy efficiency within householdsPublication of change in number of households supported by Group companies in
terms of energy efficiency(4)
(2) Including Biomass
(1) Recognized worldwide, the FTSE4Good Index Series was created by FTSE and aims to promote
investments in companies that respect ambitious sustainable development objectives
(2)
248,900
1,500
168,000
303,300
1,800
212,000
EDF SA (hors SEI) Electricité de Strasbourg EDF Energy
2011
2012
(4) Subsidiaries included in the consolidated scope and selling energy to residential customers
(3) The European carbon factor of the main electricity producers was 338 g CO2/kWh in 2011
(Study by PricewaterhouseCoopers in November 2012)
EDF
108.999.6
117.0
2010 2011 2012
Wind Solar Hydro Other
renewables(2)
A strong undertaking
Extra financial rating
Corporate Responsibility
Strategy implementation
Monitoring and certificationCommitments
152
A responsible employerSignificantly reduce the number of accidents among employees and our subcontractors
Dividing by 2 in 5 years accident frequency experienced by Group employees resulting in sick leave
Maintain performance and professional excellence of the teams through training and supporting diversity
Over 75% of Group employees receive, each year, at least one training
30% feminisation rate in the management pool by 2015
2012 result: 24.1%
76%
82%
2011 2012
No tolerance for breach of human rights, fraud and corruption, for all Group companies and their suppliers
(1) Excluding energy contracts on the spot market
13 companies awarded the United Nations « Global Compact Advanced » Level13 companies that have included in 2015 an ethics/SD clause in their long-
term purchasing contracts(1)
2012 result
1 company was awarded the United Nations Global Compact
Advanced Level since 2011: EDF
3 Group companies have signed the Global Compact (EDF,
ERDF, Edison)
2012 result: 3 companies (EDF, EDF Energy, EDF Luminus)
Target:
A strong undertaking
Extra financial rating
Corporate Responsibility
Strategy implementation
Monitoring and certificationCommitments
3.9 3.8
1.9
2011 2012 2017
153
A responsible partnerPromote transparency and dialogue on sensitive issues
8 companies having set up a formal space for dialogue with stakeholders by 2015
Actively fight energy poverty and promote access to electricity
Publication of the number of actions to support our customers in need carried out by Group companies that supply energy
Contribute to regional development through employment
Publication of the number of direct jobs (Group headcount) and indirect jobs (resulting from purchasing orders with suppliers and service providers) generated by EDF business activities
Preserve water resources in all our activities
Publication, starting in 2015, of the water footprint at Group level
Publication, starting in 2015, of the water footprint at Group level
2012 result: 3 companies
EDF: Sustainable Development Committee France
EDF Energy: Stakeholder Advisory Panel
Edison: Social Committee
Since 2005, EDF has set up a panel of stakeholders at Group
level: the Sustainable Development Panel
159,740
134,500
Emplois directs (1) emplois indirects (2)(1) Consolidated scope
(2) EDF + ERDF
516,900
132,000
9,000 2,000
625,000
190,000
9,000 2,000
EDF SA EDF Energy EDF Luminus DEMASZ
2011
2012
In 2012
EDF
Direct jobs(1) Indirect jobs(2)
A strong undertaking
Extra financial rating
Corporate Responsibility
Strategy implementation
Monitoring and certificationCommitments
154
Water footprint: an example of Group’s medium-term commitment
Water supply, a worldwide challenge, a strong interdependence between power generation and the other water users at local level, a multiple footprint
Hydro generation
Cooling water for thermal generating facilities (classic and nuclear) and water needs for industrial uses
Water users & stakeholders (minimum flow requirement - regulatory requirement-, fish-ways or fish ladders, irrigation, drinking water, river traffic, levels required for tourism, fishing and leisure, …)
Water risk management within the EDF Group: today EDF manages 75% of stored surface water in France
Water policy, with the creation of a Water Coordinator (management of the water resource at national level and for the all EDF generation fleet) and a Water strategic committee, along with administrative authorities
EDF Group’s ISO 14001 certification: each management level conducts analyses of environmental impacts, including on water
Group's commitment at national and international levelEDF contributes to research and action programs on water, liaising with the Water Agencies and Water Basin Authorities, at the Mediterranean Water Institute
Implementation of research programs on hydro dams behavior in tropical areas
Participation in the WBCSD particularly in the topic of implementation of a water risk assessment tool for energy operators
Participation in the World Energy Council (Water for Energy) and in the World Water Council (EDF commitments taken at the 6th World Water Forum)
A strong undertaking
Extra financial rating
Corporate Responsibility
Strategy implementation
Monitoring and certificationCommitments
155
Water footprint: an example of Group’s medium-term commitment
EDF’s three commitments to the 6th World Water Forum
1. Invest in all the necessary resources to develop methods and tools to evaluate the water footprint of electricity production activities
2. Manage the water footprint of electricity production activities
3. Create value locally and take into account the objective of the water footprint minimisation, from the design phase of power plants
A strong undertaking
Extra financial rating
Corporate Responsibility
Strategy implementation
Monitoring and certificationCommitments
156
Strong monitoring accompanied by Statutory Auditors’ verification
EDF publishes all of its environmental and social indicators on the day of its annual results publication
Since 2005, The Group has begun a voluntary process to have the quality of these non-financial indicators verified by Statutory Auditors
Indicators selected according to their relevance to the challenges facing the Group and its major issues
A significant proportion of published indicators is verified by the Statutory Auditors
42% of the environmental indicators
69% of the Group’s social indicators
Mix assurance without reservation(1): reasonable or moderate depending on indicators
Only 23% of the companies of the CAC 40 and the SBF 120 have this level of verification
An important covering rate of the Statutory auditors’ work important among the highest of the CAC 40 and SBF 120
Covering work 2012
Reasonable assuranceCO2 50%
Workforce 63%
Moderate assuranceEnvironment 42%
Social 53%
(1) 30% of the companies of the CAC 40 under mix assurance have been submitted at one or several reservations
Corporate Responsibility
A strong undertaking
Extra financial rating
Corporate Responsibility
Strategy implementation
Monitoring and certificationCommitments
157
Extra-financial rating: EDF Group’s integration inside the FTSE4Good index in 2012
Extra-financial rating: a constant source of improvement for the Group
acknowledgement and promotion of the quality of the work and the high level of industrial management of the Group
the opportunity to improve the Group's actions thanks to external assessment
EDF joins the FTSE4Good Index
Index FTSE4Good integration in March 2012 and
permanence in 2013:
The EDF Group is now one of five nuclear operators
globally meeting the stringent criteria developed and
overseen by the FTSE4Good Policy Committee
EDF is listed in the ASPI Eurozone® index since 2005 and is part
of 2 of the 3 new indices created by Vigeo in 2012
9th of the Electricity & Gas Utilities sector in 2012
2011 2012
Transparency 62 87
Performance D B
EDF has improved its rating versus 2011 on both
transparency and performance
2011 2012
EDF result 59% 66%
Electricity sector average 58% 61%
A strong undertaking
Extra financial rating
Corporate Responsibility
Strategy implementation
Monitoring and certificationCommitments
159
Financials
Historical financials
Since 2010, streamlining of the Group
Focus on Edison
Debt profile of the EDF Group
Focus on nuclear provisions
CSPE
The EDF Group EDF main businessesEDF strategy Financials Market data AppendicesCorporate responsability
160
166
180
188
195
172
160
Net income excluding non-recurring items
Historical financials (1/3)
(1) EBITDA adjusted, excluding EnBW, the British networks and the Eggborough plant in the UK,
and including RTE under the equity method
NB: the data presented are pro forma data from one year to another but are not retreated
consistently throughout all years
2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012
66% 63% 59% 61% 62% 62%
34% 37% 41% 39% 38% 38%
14,93914,156
International & Other activities
France
EBITDA evolution from 2007
In millions of euros
Historical financials Streamlining of the Group Debt profile of the Group Focus on nuclear provisions CSPEFinancials
16,084
Sale of EnBWand UK NetworksDeconsolidation of RTE2
010 Buy-out of
EDF EN2011
4,6774,392
3,5583,105
3,6074,216
2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012
Buy-out ofBritish Energy2
009 Buy-out of
Edison2012
15,92914,24015,210
(1)(1)
In millions of euros
161
2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012
16,269
24,476
42,496
34,389
33,285
39,175
Net debt and net debt / EBITDA from 2007
Historical financials (2/3)
In millions of euros
(1) Pro forma gross Capex
(2) EBITDA Adjusted, excluding EnBW, the British distribution networks and the Eggborough plant in the UK, and including RTE under the equity method
(3) Pro-forma after allocation of the CSPE deficit to dedicated assets on 13 February 2013 and subtraction of €2.4bn from dedicated assets portfolio, enabling 100% coverage of EDF
nuclear liabilities that are eligible for dedicated assets
(3)2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012
61% 53% 61% 65% 66% 62%
39% 47% 39% 35% 34% 38%
10,2749,7037,490
International & Other activities
France
CAPEX(1) evolution from 2007
In millions of euros
11,777 11,134 13,386
(2)
(adjusted)
(2)
1.1
1.7
2.52.2 2.2
2.4
Historical financials Streamlining of the Group Debt profile of the Group Focus on nuclear provisions CSPEFinancials
162
Historical financials (3/3)
45% 50%54% 54%
56%50% 54% 54% 54% 60% 55%
1.28 1.281.15 1.15 1.15
0.57
0.68
In € per share
Final dividend
Interim dividend
2008 2009 2010 2011 20122007
Dividend payout ratio Dividend per share
2008 2009 2010 2011 20122007
Historical financials Streamlining of the Group Debt profile of the Group Focus on nuclear provisions CSPEFinancials
163
2012 simplified income statements
(1) Data restated for the impact of the IAS 19 option (SoRIE method)
(2) Excluding non-recurring items & IAS 39 volatility
In millions of euros 2011(1) 2012
Sales 65,307 72,729
Fuel and energy purchases (30,195) (37,098)
Other external expenses (9,931) (10,087)
Personnel expenses (10,802) (11,624)
Taxes other than income taxes (3,101) (3,287)
Other operating income and expenses 3,661 5,451
EBITDA 14,939 16,084
Net changes in fair value on Energy & Commodity derivatives, excluding trading activities (116) (69)
Net depreciation and amortization & increases in provisions for renewal (6,506) (7,013)
(Impairment) / reversals 135 (757)
EBIT 8,452 8,245
Financial result (3,780) (3,362)
Income before taxes of consolidated companies 4,672 4,883
Group Net income 3,148 3,316
EDF current Net income(2) 3,607 4,216
Historical financials Streamlining of the Group Debt profile of the Group Focus on nuclear provisions CSPEFinancials
164
In millions of euros 31/12/2011(1) 31/12/2012
Fixed assets 128,318 140,279
o/w Goodwill 11,648 10,412
Inventories and trade receivables 34,489 36,710
Other assets 52,287 55,328
Cash and equivalents and other
liquid assets(2) 16,184 17,560
Assets held for sale(excluding cash and liquid assets)
684 241
Total Assets 231,962 250,118
In millions of euros 31/12/2011(1) 31/12/2012
Shareholders’ equity (Group Share) 28,483 25,858
Net income attributableto non-controlling interests 4,189 4,854
Specific concession liabilities 41,769 42,551
Provisions 58,018 65,582
Financial liabilities(3) 49,469 59,135
Other liabilities 49,897 52,089
Liabilities linked to assets held for sale (excluding financial liabilities)
137 49
Total Liabilities 231,962 250,118
EDF Group simplified balance sheets
(1) Data restated for the impact of the IAS 19 option (SoRIE method)
(2) Including companies held for sale and loan to RTE and companies in joint-venture
(3) Including hedging instruments and financial liabilities related to companies held for sale
Historical financials Streamlining of the Group Debt profile of the Group Focus on nuclear provisions CSPEFinancials
165
In millions of euros 2011(1) 2012 ∆%
EBITDA 14,939 16,084 7.7%
Non-cash items and change in
accrued trading income(2,040) (715)
Net financial expenses disbursed (1,623) (1,634)
Income tax paid (1,331) (1,586)
Other items o/w
dividends received from associates336 165
Operating cash flow 10,281 12,314 19.8%
∆ WCR(3) (1,014) (2,304)
o/w CSPE (1,009) (1,426)
Net investments(4) (10,564) (11,808)
Cash Flow (1,297) (1,798) n/a
Change in cash flow
4.6%(2)
(1) Data restated for the impact of the IAS 19 option (SoRIE method)
(2) Organic growth at constant scope and exchange rates
(3) Excluding EDF EN subsidies receivables
(4) Net investment excluding Linky and strategic operations
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Substantial transformation of the Group over last three years
Germany
Joint control of EnBW with 46.07%
Control of Edison: 97.4% of share capital at 31/12/2012
Initial situation
Renouvelable
50% dans EDF Energies Nouvelles
Etats-Unis Co-contrôle dans le nouveau nucléaire
avec Constellation (50%/50%)
49,99% dans CENG
Disposal of EDF’s stake in EnBW
Debt reduction: -€7.3bn
OPAES(1): 100% control of EDF Energies Nouvelles
Successful industrial integration: success of the tender in
French off-shore wind farms, on 3 sites out of 4
Limited impact on Group net financial debt/EBITDA: 0.1x
100% control of Unistar, sale of Exelon shares
Risk reduction: put option terminated
Preservation of Group’s interest in CENG
Current situation
Renewable energies
50% in EDF Energies Nouvelles
United States Joint control of Nuclear New Build
with Constellation: 50% / 50%
49.99% in CENG
Italy
Joint control of Edison with 48.96%
(1) OPAES: simplified public offer in cash or shares
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Net investments(1) up 12%
(1) Net investment excluding Linky and strategic operations
In millions of euros
International& Other activities
Unregulated France
Regulated France(o/w regulated French
islands activities)29%
40%
31%
31%
41%
28%
70%
30%
11,808 11,808
10,564 +280
+876 +88
United Kingdom France
Other
20122011 2012
Group-
Unregulated
Group-
Regulated
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Group synergies and transformation program Gains achieved in 2011 and 2012 secure 63% of a total target of roughly €2.5bn
Around €705 million in gains made in 2011
Around €878 million in gains in 2012 divided as follows:
Breakdown by Group business
Generation
Supply & Optimization
Distribution
Support functions
17%40%
15%
28%
Breakdown by category
€878m
Operating
Excellence(1)
Purchase-like
gains(1)
(Opex & Capex)
€878m42%
48%
(1) Gains coming from Operational Excellence and Synergies recorded in « Purchase Gains »
Synergies(1)
10%
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2013 financial objectives
(1) Organic growth at constant scope and exchange rates
(2) Net investments excluding Linky and strategic operations
EBITDA growth excluding Edison(1) 0% – 3%
Net financial debt / EBITDA 2x – 2.5x
Payout ratio of net income excluding non-recurring items 55% – 65%
Launch of Spark: €1bn savings plan
2013 operational objectives Net investments(2) €12bn
Nuclear output in France 410 – 415 TWh
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Launch of “Spark”: €1bn in savings as early as 2013
A savings plan on top of prior initiatives launched under the Group’s Synergies and Transformation plan
A shared goal: continuously striving to improve Group performance
Spark 2013: -5% on all Group purchases
Opex and Capex
Joint initiatives on prices, specifications and volumes
Savings plan of €1bn starting in 2013
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Edison: results highly dependent on timetable for renegotiating gas contracts
(1) Edison fully-consolidated
(2) Before consolidation restatements to EDF Group consolidation level
(3) Including the positive outcome of the arbitration process with Sonatrach on 24/04/2013
1.1
2012(2) 2013 2014
At least €1.7bn
EBITDA(1)
Impact of gas contract renegotiations
0.6
0.5(3)
In billions of euros
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On 24 May 2012, EDF took exclusive control of Edison Spa for €784m(1)
Acquisition of 50% of TdE (0.89 euro par share)
Ownership of 80.64% of Edison ordinary shares
July 2012: mandatory tender offer on the remaining ordinary shares (i.e. 19.3%) at €0.89/share
Possibility to convert saving shares into ordinary shares
Since 6 September 2012, following the mandatory tender offer, EDF has held 99.48% of Edison’s ordinary shares
As a result of the mandatory tender offer, the Italian stock exchange decided to delist Edison’s ordinary shares with effect from 11 September 2012
Edison takeover
As of 31/12/2012, EDF held 97.4% of Edison share capital and 99.48% of Edison ordinary shares
(1) At the same time, Delmi acquired Edison’s 50% stake in Edipower for €684 million
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2009 2010 2011 2012
488338 292
630
1,086
1,130
704
583
(88) (103) (99) (106)
Hydrocarbons
Electricity
Corporate
Edison: historical EBITDA
(1) Edipower consolidated line by line
(2) Edipower recorded among discontinued operations
1,471(1)
1,369(1)
1,103(2)
890(2)
In millions of euros
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Edison: key figures of the electricity segmentCapacity evolution (GW)
(1) Calculated as Edison net generation of electric power in Italy over total Italian net generation (284.8 TWh)
9.3
5.8
1.7
1.4
0.5
0.5 Renewables
Hydro
Thermoelectric
2012 key figures
Market share (in terms of production(1)) 7.9 %
Total installed capacity (including 0.4GW in Greece) 7.7 GW
Net power generation in Italy
(excluding Edipower)22.5 TWh
o/w Thermoelectric 17.7 TWh
o/w Hydro 3.9 TWh
o/w Renewables 0.9 TWh
Net power generation abroad 1.9 TWh
Sites served 870,000
3rd Italian electricity operator
In 2012, Edison electricity generation in Italy represented about 8% of the total national generation
Following the sale of Edipower, 2012 Edison installed capacity decreased by 3.8 GW, from 11.5 to 7.7 GW. In 2012, the Group produced 24.4 TWh of electricity
2011 2012
11.5
7.7
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Edison: focus on renewables
(1)Edison S.p.A. and Edison Energie Speciali (100%-owned by Edison S.p.A.), excluding hydro plants
(2) As of 31/03/2013 including the acquisition of GDF wind plants
Source: companies websites
Edison is the 3rd Italian operator in the wind sector with 471 MW of installed capacity in 2012
Key figures of
Edison Group(1)
renewable sectorAs of 31/12/2012
~ 490 MW
of installed capacity
0.9 TWh of renewable
production
~ 16% of Edison electricity EBITDA is
represented by renewables
Wind installed capacity in 2012 (MW) and main
competitors in Italy
Italian wind capacity as of 31/12/2012 = ~8,000 MW
Lazio
Photovoltaic
• 2 MW
Campania
Wind
• 98 MW
Basilicata
Wind
• 12 MW
Sicily
Wind
• 30 MW
Calabria
Wind
• 76 MW
Photovoltaic
• 3 MW
Puglia
Wind
• 84 MW
Piemonte
Photovoltaic
• 4 MW
Lombardia
Photovoltaic
• 2 MW
Emilia Romagna
Wind
• 3 MW
Toscana
Wind
• 2 MW
Abruzzo
Wind
• 116 MW
Summary
Wind
• 471 MW
Photovoltaic
• 13 MW
Biomass
• 5 MW
Molise
Wind
• 50 MW
Photovoltaic
• 1 MW
Edison(1) Group net installed capacity
Veneto
Biomass
• 5 MW
Photovoltaic
• 1 MW
1,062
716
471
386
343
328
292
13%
9%
6%
5%
4%
3%
4%
(2)
Market share
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Edison: hydroelectric concession renewal
Law No. 134/2012 regulates the timing and criteria for hydroelectric concessions renewal:
Award for consideration of the concession for a period ranging between 20 and 30 years, based on the size
of the investments deemed necessary
Public call for tender 5 years before the expiry of the concession. For concessions that have already expired and
those expiring on or before 31 December 2017, the new concession will begin starting on 1 January 2016 and,
under any circumstances, no later than 31 December 2017
The outgoing concession holder shall receive a consideration for the transfer of the business operations
The Ministry of Economic Development (MSE) is working on the implementation decree on tendering criteria and
procedures for the renewal of concessions
Edison is currently participating to the consultation process with MSE and getting ready to participate to the tender
process
A significant amount of concessions, in terms of MW, will expire in 2015 and 2017
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Oil and gas reserves – 50.0 bcm eq.(1)
(1) P1 + 50% P2
(2) Calculated as Edison’s gas sales in Italy over total Italian demand (74.2 bcm)
2012 key figures
Market share(2) 21.3%
Total number of concessions (o/w 58 in Italy) 95
Number of storage concessions in Italy 3
Gas production in Italy 0.6 bcm
Gas production abroad 1.9 bcm
Oil production in Italy 1,809 Kbbl
Oil production abroad 1,737 Kbbl
Sites served 584,000
2nd Italian gas operator
Reserves at 31/12/2012 (50.0 bcm)
Exploration permits and concessions
0.5 0.60.4 0.3
1.9
0.20.3
Oil production abroad Gas production abroad
Oil production in Italy Gas production in Italy
+10%
Following Edison’s takeover, EDF Group benefits from Edison’s
competences in the hydrocarbon sector. Over the years, Edison
has developed across the value chain from E&P to the
end-customers supply
Development of own production (bcm eq.)
Edison: key figures of the hydrocarbon segment
o/w 1.8 from Abu Qir
2011 2012
2.83.1
1.7
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Edison: hydrocarbon activities E&P
Strong position, mainly as an operator, in Italy, Egypt and Norway
Hydrocarbon reserves at the end of 2012: ~50 bcm
Hydrocarbon production in 2012: 3.1 bcm
E&P engineering track record with operator experience in expansion zones
Significant growth potential through exploration in core zones and to a lesser extent in new zones
GAS STORAGE
3 gas storage sites
Cellino: 0.12 bcm of working gas
Collalto: 0.8 bcm of working gas
San Potito-Cotignola: 0.89 bcm of working gas
TERMINAL LNG
1 LNG terminal: Edison owns a 7.3% share in Adriatic LNG Terminal, which operates the Rovigo offshore regasification terminal (8 bcm/year). Edison owns 80%, i.e. 6.4 bcm/year, of the terminal’s capacity, fueled with Qatari gas. The other shareholders are ExxonMobil Italiana Gas (70.7%) and Qatar Terminal Company Limited (22%)
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Edison: gas contractsGas contracts prices revision (Qatar, Libya, Russia and Algeria)
Total volume of long term gas contracts 14.4 bcm/year (annual contracted quantities)
Russian contract renegotiated in 2011
Qatar and Libya contracts renegotiated in 2012 (+€680m on EBITDA 2012)
Positive arbitration on Sonatrach Algerian gas contract completed on 24 April 2013
A new round of prices revision started in end-2012 to restore the profitability of these
contracts affected by lower gas prices
Renegotiations status
ContractVolume
(bcm/year)Expiration Renegotiations / arbitrations
EBITDA impact
in €m
For prior years
in €m
Qatar 6.4 2034 2012680 347
Libya 4.0 2026 2012
Russia 2.0 2019 2011 200 62
Algeria 2.0 2019Arbitration on first round completed
on 24 April 2013 300 n/c
The arbitration is a process of price revision that can be activated when the mandatory commercial discussions last too long or do not come to a conclusion.
The resorting to a third party (the arbitration Tribunal if needed) shows the difficulties between the parties to reach an agreement, but does not exclude to simultaneously continue the commercial discussion, in particular if the contracts schedule is tight before the beginning of the arbitration.
The risk linked to the arbitration process (being the decision linked to a third party) is itself a catalyst for the parties to find a mutual agreement.
Did you know?
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33.3
39.2
+1.8+2.4
+3.3
-1.7+0.1
Net debt evolution reflecting the full consolidation of EdisonIn billions of euros
Dedicated assets(1)
Dividendspaid in cashCash Flow
after net investments
EdisonOther
Pro formaDecember 2012(1)
December2011
(1) Pro-forma after allocation of the CSPE deficit to dedicated assets on 13 February 2013 and subtraction of €2.4bn from dedicated assets portfolio, enabling 100% coverage of the EDF
nuclear liabilities that are eligible for dedicated assets
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Net financial debt as of 31 December 2012
In billions of euros 31/12/2010 31/12/2011 31/12/2012 (1)
Net financial debt
Net financial debt / EBITDA
34.4
2.2x
33.3
2.2x
39.2
2.4x
Debt
Gross financial debt
o/w bonds
Average maturity gross debt (in years)
Average coupon
47.8
35.5
8.9
4.4 %
50.0
37.5
9.2
4.3 %
59.9
43.9
8.5
3.7 %
Liquidity
Gross liquidity
Net liquidity
25.2
17.9
24.9
17.1
27.2
13.8
(1) Pro-forma after allocation of the CSPE deficit to dedicated assets on 13 February 2013 and subtraction of €2.4bn from dedicated assets portfolio, enabling 100% coverage of the EDF
nuclear liabilities that are eligible for dedicated assets
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Breakdown of the liquidity position as of 31/12/2012 Liquidity position excluding credit lines
of €16.2bn, o/w
€5.9bn of cash & cash equivalents
€10.3bn of liquid assets
Pro forma(1) liquidity position of €18.6bn
Available syndicated and bilateral credit lines of €8.6bn
This potential liquidity is without any financial covenant
A strong liquidity position
Liquid assets
64%
Cash & cash
equivalents
36%
(1) Pro-forma after allocation of the CSPE deficit to dedicated assets on 13 February 2013 and subtraction of €2.4bn from dedicated assets portfolio, enabling 100% coverage of the EDF
nuclear liabilities that are eligible for dedicated assets
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Breakdown by currency
Group financial debt after swaps as of 31 December 2012
(1) Mainly HUF, CHF, PLN and BRL
(2) Pro-forma after allocation of the CSPE deficit to dedicated assets on 13 February 2013 and subtraction of €2.4bn from dedicated assets portfolio, enabling 100% coverage of the
EDF nuclear liabilities that are eligible for dedicated assets
Breakdown by type of rate
Floating rate21%
EUR
62%
GBP
23%
Other(1)
6%
Fixed rate79%
USD 9%
Net financial debt(2): €39.2bnAverage coupon: 3.7 %Average maturity: 8.5 years
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Significant balance sheet optimization achieved over the past 3 years
Longer debt maturity at a lower cost
Lower average coupon: from 4.4% end of 2009 to 3.8% as of 30 September 2012
Longer average maturity: from 7.4 years end of 2009 to 8.6 years as of 30 September 2012
RTE included in the dedicated assets improving nuclear liabilities coverage without earnings dilution
Portfolio rationalization while keeping a highly regulated profile
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Inaugural hybrid bond issuance consistent with EDF investment cycle
January 2013: inaugural hybrid bond issuance in 3 currencies (€, £, $) that allowed the Group to strengthen its capital structure over the investment cycle in a flexible and cost efficient way
Diversification of the Group funding sources on the capital markets
Possibility for the Group to raise the equivalent of approximately €6.2 billion in total across all three currencies
(1) Separate offering under Rule 144A / Regulation S
(2) Under its Regulation S EMTN program
Amount
(in €bn)Currency Coupon
First call date
(years)
3 Dollar 5.25 % 10(1)
1.25 Euro 4.25 % 7(2)
1.25 Euro 5.375 % 12(2)
1.25 Sterling 6.0 % 13(2)
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Breakdown of debt by currency(1)
(1) As of 31 December 2012
0
1 000
2 000
3 000
4 000
5 000
6 000
Autres CHF EUR GBP USD JPY
In millions of euros, before swaps
Other
6,000
5,000
4,000
3,000
2,000
1,000
Of which (in €m) 2013 2014 2015
€ 1,989 4,297 1,918
£ 98 2 2
$ 48 980 -
CHF 1,361 25 25
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Comparative debt ratings: EDF is leading its peers
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Source: rating agencies and Bloomberg, as of 15 July 2013
BBB+ A- A A+
A3
A2
A1
Aa3 EDF
GDF Suez
E.ON
Iberdrola
Vattenfall
RWE
SSE
Enel
Baa1
RatingsS&P
Ratings Moody’sRatings
Fitch
EDF A+ stable Aa3 negative A+ negative
GDF Suez A negative A1 negative n/a
E.ON A- stable A3 negative A stable
Enel BBB stable Baa2 negative BBB+ negative
Iberdrola BBB stable Baa1 negative BBB+ negative
SSE A- negative A3 stable A- stable
RWE BBB+ stable Baa1 stable A- stable
Endesa BBB+ negative n/a BBB+ negative
Vattenfall A- stable A2 negative A- stable
RatingsS&P
Ratings Moody’s
Ratings Fitch
EDF short term A-1 P-1 F1
Baa2
BBB
Mood
y’s
ratings
S&P ratings
188
38,673
40,504
(1,052)
+ 435
+ 1,842+ 198
+ 408
Reductions AllowancesDiscounting
Otherchange
Translationadjustments
Group nuclear provisions: €40.5 billionEDF Group scope
Activities over periodIn millions of euros
(617)
31 December 2011
31 December 2012
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Principles used in discounting provisions Costs are estimated using year-end economic conditions and spread out over a planned
timetable of disbursements
□ These costs are determined in constant euros (i.e. the cost as if the payment was made today)
□ These costs are positioned in time on the basis of a timetable set by the company
The costs are then provisioned on the basis of year-end discounted values
Cost
Time€31,382m
Nominal discount rate
€65,873m
Cost timetable in constant euros
(gross costs in constant euros)
Cost in constant euros that
will be paid at T
Cost in current euros that will be paid
at T (i.e., the “inflated” cost)
Provisioned value
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Discount rate for nuclear provisions in France
Lower discount rates as of 31 December 2012
Nuclear provisions: 4.8%
The discount rate is based on the yield of a sovereign bond (French OAT) of the same duration asthe liability in question, plus the average spread of a selection of companies with the same ratingas the company carrying the liability
23 February 2007 executive order and 21 March 2007 ministerial order pertaining tothe funding of nuclear liabilities states that the discounting rate used by EDF may not exceed aceiling « that is equal to the arithmetic average over the past 48 months of the 30-year constantmaturity rate (TEC 30), on the closing date of the financial year under review, + 1 point »
Underlying hypothesis of long-term inflation: 1.9%
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EDF dedicated assets performance in 2012
Cover decommissioning costs of nuclear plants and
storage and long-term management of radioactive waste
Date of full cover of the costs by the portfolio set by law in
June 2016
Amid the area of euro crisis, prudent management has
been maintained:
□ Underweight on European peripheral debts
□ Importance of cash and underweight on equities at the
start of year
□ Better assets diversification than the benchmark and
less volatility
Performance of RTE shares (+6.7%)
(1) Full-year performance, including RTE and before taxExcluding RTE, the portfolio performance is 11.1% and excluding cash 12.0%, compared with a benchmark of 12.6%
Shares and bond funds
50% of RTEshares
Shares and equity funds
Cash
2,393
6,937
7,343953
Portfolio breakdown as of 31 December 2012
17,626
In millions of euros
Performance(1) 2012: 10.4%
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Regulatory framework for dedicated assetsDedicated assets are meant to secure the costs of dismantling nuclear power plants. The portfolio of dedicated assets started to be built in 2000 and is consistent with a regulatory framework set up in 2006.
Law of 28 June 2006 (“loi de programme” – NOME law of 7 December 2010)
A portfolio of dedicated assets was set up with a value equivalent to at least 75% of provisions in mid-2011 and a projected 100% by mid-2016
Effective mid-2016, the portfolio’s realisation value must be at least equal to the amount of the provisions covered
In the event that it is not, the administrative authority may order corrective measures
Executive Order (“décret”) of 23 February 2007
This Executive Order contains a precise list of assets that are eligible for the portfolio of dedicated assets and their maximum authorised portion, and excludes certain categories of assets
It specifies the nuclear costs on which basis the amount of dedicated assets is set and establishes a regulatory ceiling on the discounting rate of liabilities, and a grace period that is based on economic conditions and markets situation and which may not exceed three years
Executive Order (“décret”) of 29 December 2010
This authorises EDF to include RTE shares in its portfolio of dedicated assets
Administrative authorization on 8 February 2013 to allocate CSPE deficit to dedicated assets
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7.1
15.212.8
12.6
4.9
2.40.4
Dedicated assets at 31/12/2012
Pro forma
Provisionsat 31/12/2012
Dedicated assetsat 31/12/2012
17.6
20.1 20.1
RTE
Other dedicated assets
CSPE receivable RTE
Other dedicated assets
Last cores(1)
Provision for dismantling
LT management of radioactive waste
(1) Part of the provision for the last cores on future long-term management costs for radioactive waste
Calculation base for dedicated assetsIn billion of euros
The coverage rate is 88% at end-2012. After allocation of the CSPE deficit to dedicated assets on
13 February 2013, coverage rate of EDF nuclear liabilities is more than 100%, thus enabling
the subtraction of €2.4bn of dedicated assets
2.4
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EDF nuclear provisions in France: €31.4 billion
In millions of euros 31/12/2011 Net Allow. Disc.Other
changes31/12/2012
Provisions for back-end nuclear cycle
Total 15,865 (1,006) 1,036 716 16,611
Provisions for management of spent fuel 9,143 (881) 550 686 9,498
Provisions for long-term management
of radioactive waste6,722 (125) 486 30 7,113
Provisions for nuclear dismantling
and last cores
Total 13,378 406 693 294 14,771
Provisions for dismantling
power stations11,366 405 592 215 12,578
Provisions for last cores 2,012 1 101 79 2,193
TOTAL NUCLEAR 29,243 (600) 1,729 1,010 31,382
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Scope of CSPE (contribution to electricity public service costs in France) The CSPE covers 3 different public service mandates:
Lost revenue and additional costs associated with EDF's participation in the TPN (priority need tariff)for low-income households
Number of people concerned:
In 2012, 1,083,000 households (mainland France, Corsica and overseas departments) benefited from a basic necessity tariff (TPN). A decree of 6 March 2012 introduced automatic attribution of social electricity tariffs (financed by the CSPE)
190,000 households in 2012 for the Housing Solidarity Fund (FSL)
Additional generation costs in non-interconnected regions (Corsica and the overseas departmentsand territories) not covered by the energy share of regulated tariffs
Electricity is sold in non-interconnected regions at the same price as mainland France despite significantly higher generation costs
Purchase obligations
Originally designed for cogeneration units, they have now been extended to output volumes of electricity generated using renewable energy sources (mainly wind and solar power)
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CSPE principles and increases
CSPE (Contribution to electricity public service):□ Charged to end-users via an "other services" line on their energy bill
□ Collected by network operators and electricity suppliers
□ Periodically amended: "Barring a decree setting the amount of the contribution due for a given year prior to
31 December of the previous year, the amount proposed by the CRE (French Energy Regulatory Commission), in
accordance with the preceding paragraph, enters into force on 1 January, within the limit however of an increase of
€0.003/KWh with respect to the amount applied before this date". Increase of 1 January 2012 was splitted in two:
€0.0015/KWh in July 2011 and €0.0015/KWh in July 2012
4.5
7.59
10.5
13.5€/MWh
1 January 31 July 1 July 1 January
20112010 2012 2013
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Main CSPE components for EDF
In the French overseas departments and Corsica, the CSPE varies with energy and fuel
purchases and the cost of replacing old power plants
The rise in the CSPE is linked to purchase obligations, which take into account the rapid
expansion of wind and PV power and the decline in wholesale electricity prices
In millions of euros 2010 2011 2012
Purchase obligations(1) 1,599 61% 2,244 63% 3,155 67%
Other(2) 1,006 39% 1,312 37% 1,532 33%
Total CSPE 2,605 3,556 4,687
Set up pursuant to the Law of 10 February 2000 to allow EDF to offset certain expenses related
to certain public service obligations
(1) Purchases obligations include electricity generated from: hydropower (less than 12MW), biomass, wind power, PV power, cogeneration, recovery of household waste and energy recovery, with the exception of Corsica and the French overseas departments
(2) Additional production costs and purchase obligations in Corsica and the overseas departments, the TPN (First Necessity Tariff) and the FSL
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Change in purchase obligations in mainland France and CSPE for EDF
€1,785m €1,281m €1,591m €1,784m €2,044m
€919m€1,541m
€1,599m
€2,244m
€3,155m
Principle: The CSPE(1) offsets the difference between the cost of purchase obligations and market prices
€2,704m
€5,199m(3)
€2,822m
€3,190m
€4,028m Additional cost of purchase obligations cost to be covered by CSPE(2)
Cost of purchase obligationsnet of CSPE
Purchase obligations amount
2008 2009 2010 2011 2012
CSPE
CSPE
CSPE
CSPE
CSPE
(1) CSPE also offsets generation costs and purchase obligations in Corsica and French overseas departments and first necessity tariff (TPN)(2) EDF SA excluding Island Electric Systems(3) Change in purchase obligations: + €913m of solar and +€258m wind and -€185m cogeneration vs. 2011
Historical financials Streamlining of the Group Debt profile of the Group Focus on nuclear provisions CSPEFinancials
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French state recognition of the CSPE deficit The French government has committed to a maximum timeframe for paying back the receivable
recognized at end-2012, i.e. €4,879 million comprised of the compensation deficit (€4,250 million)
and past financing costs (€629 million), the receivable bearing an interest of 1.7% for the future
This deficit will be paid back before end-2018
The amount of the deficit will be adjusted for the definitive amount of the CSPE deficit at this date,
validated by the CRE end-2013 (following the standard procedure)
The deficit will be paid back independently of the CSPE’s future flows. However, the existing
mechanism for calculating the CSPE remains in place and will contribute to paying back the deficit
□ In the event the CSPE surplus is bigger than expected, the deficit will be paid back faster than planned
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CSPE in the EDF financial statements at end December 2012 Income statement:
□ Offset of certain expenses to certain public services is booked under « other operating income and
expenses » in EBITDA for €4,687m
□ The compensation of carry costs for past deficit booked under financial products for +€629m
Balance Sheet□ Booked under working capital in the « other receivables category » for €997m (invoicing delays)
□ Increases net financial debt by €5,247m
□ The deficit recognized by the State booked under « financial receivables » for €4,879m
(€4,250m+ €629m)
Cash Flow Statement□ Cash in: €3,261m
□ Increase in Working Capital Requirements: €1,426m
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Impact of CSPE on EDF’s accountsIn millions of € 2010 2011 2012
P&L
Extra-costs / losses
Impact on “other operating income and expenses”
EBITDA
Pre-tax result impact
(2,605)
2,605
Neutral
Neutral
(3,556)
3,556
Neutral
Neutral
(4,687)
4,687
Neutral
629
Balance sheet
Working capital requirements (other creditors)
Debt (CSPE on supply energy but not billed;other creditors)
Financial debt
2,812
(344)
-
3,821
(579)
-
997
(747)
4,879
Cash flow
Cash in energy billed
Increase in WCR
1,637
968
2,547
1,009
3,261
1,426
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European energy mix
Source: Enerdata, 2010
(1) Data 2009
0% 25% 50% 75% 100%
Allemagne
Autriche
Belgique
Danemark*
Espagne
Finlande
France
Grèce
Irelande
Italie
Luxembourg
Pays bas
Pologne
Portugal
Royaume-Uni
Suède
Nucléaire
Hydro
Renouvelables
Gaz
Pétrole
Charbon
Autres
620
67
94
37
303
80
572
54
28
298
5
115
97
53
380
148
In TWh
(1)
Nuclear
Hydropower
Renewables
Gas
Oil
CoalCoal
Other
Sweden
United Kingdom
Poland
Netherlands
Italy
Ireland
Greece
Spain
Belgium
Austria
Germany
Finland
The EDF Group EDF main businessesEDF strategy Financials Market data AppendicesCorporate responsability
204
310
320
330
340
350
360
2008 2009 2010 2011 2012
310
320
330
340
350
2008 2009 2010 2011 2012
130
135
140
145
150
2008 2009 2010 2011 2012
Markets: electricity consumption
Source: UCTE
France United Kingdom
ItalyPoland
In TWh
Source: RTE Source: Department of Energy & Climate Change
Source: UCTE
450
465
480
495
510
525
2008 2009 2010 2011 2012
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Interconnected markets
but distinct
□ Price: average spot price
(base 2012) for France (Epex),
Germany (Epex), the UK
(EDFT), Spain (OMEL), the
Netherlands (APX), Belgium
(Belpex) and Italy (Ipex)
European energy market remains split into"electricity plates" - average price in 2012
(1) 2011 Average price(2) Annual Net Total Capacity calculated by RTE in December 2012 for 2013(3) Source ENTSOE
€55.2/MWh
€75.5/MWh
€46.9/MWh
€42.6/MWh
€48.0/MWh
1,200(2)
1,200(2) 1,400(2)
900(2)
1,900(2)
3,100(2)
2,400(2)
4,300(2)
1,800(2) 1,800(2)
1,200(2)
2,800(2)
2,400(3)
2,400(3)
€-4.0/MWh(1)
€+0.2/MWh(1)
€-8.5/MWh(1)
€-2.0/MWh(1)
€+3.3/MWh(1)
€47.0/MWh€-2.4/MWh(1)
€-2.7/MWh(1)
€47.2/MWh
Available commercial capacity MW
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Interconnection capacity increase planned
Source: RTE
2,600
3,400 1,200
1,200
2,000
2,000
Interconnection addition
France – Spain□ Baixas – Sta Llogaia: 1,200 MW
(RTE – REE Project INELFE)
□ Golfe de Gascogne (RTE – REE):
1,200 MW
France – Italy□ Piedmont – Savoy (RTE - TERNA):
1,200 MW
France – United Kingdom□ Eleclink (Eurotunnel - Star Capital):
1,000 MW
IFA2 (RTE – NGC): 1,000 MW
Enhancement
France - Belgium
France - Luxembourg
In MW
+600
+600
Before 20172013
Enhancement
Enhancement
Enhancement
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Spot prices historical (France) Spot price fixation is linked to several factors:
Level of demand
Availability of the generation fleet and management of the demand
Fossil-fired prices
Country’s energy mix
Relatively moderate spot prices in France in 2012 (average 7 rolling days)
0
20
40
60
80
100
120
140
janv. févr. mars avr. mai juin juil. août sept. oct. nov. déc.
Spot 2011 Spot 2012
In €/MWh
Except during the cold snap
when the prices reached more
than €100/MWh
Strong decrease due to lower
temperatures and lower demand
Jan. Feb. Mar Apr. May June July Aug. Sept. Oct. Nov. Dec.
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-3,00
0,00
3,00
6,00
9,00
12,00
15,00
35
40
45
50
55
60
65Spread Fr-All France Allemagne
2013 Forward electricity prices Europe (from 2012)In €/MWh
Cold snap: Increase of CO2 prices
Decrease of CO2
then slack
supply/demand
balance on the
Spot
Released by the European Commission
of the report about nuclear fleet safety
Reversal of the
France-Germany spread
Increase of coal prices
Decrease of coal prices
Increase of gas prices
Concerns about the
future availability of
the nuclear fleet
Largest decline in Germany due to strong
renewable output
Jan. 2012 Feb. 2012 Mar 2012 Apr. 2012 May 2012 June 2012 July 2012 Aug. 2012 Sept. 2012 Oct. 2012 Nov. 2012 Dec. 2012
60
55
50
45
40
35 -3
12
9
6
3
0
GermanyFranceSpread Fr-Ger
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Forward electricity prices in France, the UK, Italy and Germany (Y+1) in 2012
42
47
52
57
62
67
72
77
Electricité - contrat annuel base France (EPEX) Electricité - contrat annuel base Allemagne (EPEX)
Electricité - contrat annuel base UK (ICE) Electricité - contrat annuel base Italie (IPEX)
In €/MWh
Electricity – annual base contract UK (ICE) Electricity – annual base contract Italy (IPEX)
Electricity – annual base contract Germany (EPEX)Electricity – annual base contract France (EPEX)
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Forward electricity prices in France, the UK, Italy and Germany (Y+2) in 2012
44
49
54
59
64
69
74
79
Electricité - contrat annuel base France (Powernext) Electricité - contrat annuel base Allemagne (EEX)
Electricité - contrat annuel base R-U (ICE) Electricité - contrat annuel base Italie (EDF-T)
In €/MWh
Electricity – annual base contract UK (ICE) Electricity – annual base contract Italy (IPEX)
Electricity – annual base contract Germany (EPEX)Electricity – annual base contract France (EPEX)
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$/bl
Gas & oil pricesp/therm
88
93
98
103
108
113
118
123
128
Brent (Y+1) in 2012
58
60
62
64
66
68
70
NBP gas (Y+1) in 2012
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212
€/t
CO2 (Y+1) prices in 2012
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5
6
7
8
9
10
214
Financial Calendar
30 July 2013
Dividend payment
Half-year results 2013
Sales (3rd quarter 2013)
Annual results 2013
7 November 2013
13 February 2014
8 July 2013
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Glossary (1/6) ANDRA: The French law of 30 December 1991 established a public industrial and commercial body, the National Agency for the
Management of Nuclear Waste (Agence nationale pour la gestion des déchets radioactifs “ANDRA”), responsible for the long-term management of radioactive waste. The Agency, which reports to the Ministers of Industry, Research and the Environment, established the storage centers based in the Aube region of France for the long-term management of short-life waste
APE: The French Government Shareholding Agency (APE) is a national organization within the Ministry of Economy. Its mission is to actas a shareholder for the French Government in order to develop its assets and maximize the value of its stakes
Architect-Assembler: For EDF, the architect-assembler has control over: the design and operation of its power plants; the organization of development projects; the schedule for completion and costs of construction; relations with the Nuclear Safety Authority; and the integration of feedback from operational experience. EDF’s role as architect-assembler ensures control over its industrial policy with respect to the design, construction and operation of its fleet of power plants
ARENH: Regulated access to historical nuclear energy
ASN (Autorité de Sûreté Nucléaire): The French Nuclear Safety Authority (Autorité de Sûreté Nucléaire or “ASN”) controls, nuclear safety and radioprotection in France, on behalf of the French government, to protect workers, patients, the public and the environmental risks associated with the use of nuclear energy. It is notably in charge of the external control of nuclear facilities in France. The French ASN is an independent administrative authority with a staff of more than 300. The French ASN is represented at the national level by the General Agency for Nuclear Safety and Radioprotection (or “DGSNR”)
Clean Development Mechanism (CDM): The CDM is a mechanism defined by the Kyoto Protocol based on projects to reduce emissions or capture greenhouse gases (GHS) and sustainable development plans in developing countries. This mechanism provides that any public or private entity in a country on Schedule 1 (industrialized countries) which makes investments in such projects in a county on Schedule II (developing countries) acquires carbon credits in return. These credits can then be used by those Parties to meet their emission quotas, or they can be sold on the carbon market in International Emissions Trading (IET) or the EU emissions quota trading system (EU ETS). The CDM is placed under the authority of the Conference of the Parties acting as a meeting of the parties to the Kyoto Protocol, supervised by an Executive Board, the powers of which were defined by the 2001 Marrakech agreements
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216
Glossary (2/6) Clean Dark Spread: difference between power price and variable generation cost (mainly coal cost and CO2 cost)
Combined-Cycle Gas Turbine (CCGT): The most recent technology for generating electricity in a natural gas-fired plant. A combined cycle is made up of one or more combustion turbines and a steam turbine allowing for an improved yield. The syngas is routed to the combustion turbine, which generates electricity and very hot exhaust gases (effluents). The heat from the exhaust gases is recovered by a boiler, thus producing steam. Part of the steam is then recovered by the steam turbine to generate electricity
Cogeneration: Generation technique for combined electricity and heat generation. The advantage of cogeneration is the ability to capture the heat produced by the fuel whereas in traditional electricity generation this heat is lost. This process also allows the same facility to meet the heating (hot water or steam) and electricity needs of both industrial and local authority customers. This system improves the energy efficiency of the generation process and reduces fuel use by an average of 20%
CRE (Commission de Régulation de l’Energie): Created on 30 March 2000. The CRE, an independent body, regulates the process to open the energy market opening. It ensures that all of the generators and eligible customers have non-discriminatory access to the network. Within its jurisdiction, this body supervises and authorizes, settles any disputes and, if required, imposes sanctions
Distribution Networks: Downstream of the transmission network, medium- and low-tension distribution networks serve end-users (individuals, Groups, SMEs, SMIs, etc.)
Electricity supply: Can be broken down into four types of consumption: “basic” (or “ribbon”) supply is: the “basic” (or “ribbon”) supply of electricity generated and consumed throughout the year; “semi-basic” supply is the electricity generated and consumed over the winter period; “peak” supply corresponds to periods of the year when electricity generation or supply is in heavy; demand; “lace” supply is a complement to “ribbon” supply
EPIC: Industrial and Commercial state-owned Company
EPR (European Pressurized Reactor): The latest generation of reactors currently under construction (known as generation 3), it is the result of Franco-German cooperation, and offers advanced safety, environmental and technical performance
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Glossary (3/6) ETS: Emission Trading System
Fuel cycle: The nuclear fuel cycle encompasses all industrial operations in France and abroad which enable the supply of the fuel to generate energy in a reactor, then to unload and process it. The cycle can be broken down into three stages: 1) upstream: the processing of concentrates from uranium ore, the conversion, enrichment and production of fuel (which takes more than two years); 2) the core of the cycle corresponding to the use of fuel in the reactor: receipt, loading, operation and discharging (which takes three to five years);3) downstream: pool storage, reprocessing of spent fuel in reactors of recoverable material, vitrification of highly radioactive waste, then temporary storage of the waste before storage
Greenhouse emissions: Gas that retains a portion of the solar radiation in the atmosphere and for which an increase in emissions due to human activity (man-made emissions) causes an increase in the earth’s average temperature and plays an important role in climatechange. The Kyoto Protocol and amended EC Directive 2003/87/EC of 13 October 2003 cover the six following principal greenhouse gases: carbon dioxide (CO2), methane (CH4), nitrogen protoxide (N2O), hydrofluorocarbons (HFC), perfluorated hydrocarbons (PFC) and sulfur hexafluoride (SF6). For the period from 2005-2007, carbon dioxide was the subject in Europe of measures to reduce emissions with the application of national plans for the allocation of greenhouse gas quotas. For the 2008-2012 periods, the scope of gases is expanding. In the long term, the gases listed in Appendix II of the aforementioned directive will be covered, as will “any other gaseous atmospheric component, whether natural or man-made, that absorbs and reflects infrared radiation” (amended directive, adopted but not published to date)
Hydropower Generation: Maximum power energy that can be produced from hydraulic sources in normal conditions
Interconnection: Electricity transmission infrastructure that allows for exchanges of energy between different countries, by connecting the transmission network of one country to that of a neighboring country
LDC: Local Distribution Companies that provide for distribution of gas and electricity power to the end-customers on a delimited geographical area
LNG (Liquefied Natural Gas): Natural gas turned into liquid form by reducing its temperature to –162°C allowing for a reduction by 600 in its volume
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Glossary (4/6) MEDEF: French companies association
Metering: A system allowing for the recording, at a given network connection point, of the volumes of electricity transmitted or distributed (power, frequency, active and reactive energy)
Midstream: All assets of the gas business, allowing for its availability, transportation and management. These might be infrastructures (gas pipelines, storage facilities, LNG terminals, etc.) or contractual (rights relating to predetermined capacity, procurement contracts, etc.). The midstream segment includes the trading and negotiating activities
National Quota Allocation Plan: This plan defines the total quantity of greenhouse gas emission quotas that the French state plans to grant for the quotas exchange system for each multi-year period (NAP1 2005-2007, NAP2 2008-2012) and the allocation method used to allocate quotas to the industrial facilities in question
NOx: Nitrogen oxide
Nuclear safety: Nuclear safety includes all of the technical, organizational and human measures which are intended to prevent accident risks and to limit the effects of an accident, and which are taken at every stage of the life of a nuclear power plant (from design to operation and finally to decommissioning)
Nuclear tranche: Electrical generation unit consisting of a nuclear boiler and a turbo-alternator generator. A nuclear tranche essentially consists of its reactor type and the power of its turbo-alternator generator. EDF nuclear plants include two or four tranches, and occasionally six
Ofgem: Ofgem is the Office of the Gas and Electricity Markets in the UK. Its main missions consist in protecting consumers, regulating gasand electricity monopoly companies, helping to secure Britain’s energy supplies by promoting and regulating competitive gas and electricity markets, as well as contributing to the drive to curb climate change and other work aimed at sustainable development
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Glossary (5/6) Plant availability: Fraction of power available, out of theoretical maximum energy, counting only technical non-availability. The availability
coefficient (Kd) is defined as the ratio between annual actual generation capacity (or amount producible annually) and maximum theoretical generation capacity, where maximum theoretical generation capacity = installed capacity x 8,760 hr. The Kd, which counts only technical non-availability, i.e., scheduled shutdowns, unplanned outages and testing periods, characterizes a plant’s industrial performance. For EDF’s nuclear fleet in France, the maximum theoretical generation capacity is of 553 TWh (63.1 GW X 8,760 hr)
PPA: Price Purchase Agreement
PWR: Pressurized Water Reactors constitute a large majority of all nuclear power plants in 2011. In a PWR, the primary coolant (water) is pumped under high pressure to the reactor core where it is heated by the energy generated by the fission of atoms. The heated water then flows to a steam generator where it transfers its thermal energy to a secondary system where steam is generated and flows to turbines which, in turn, spins an electric generator. In contrast to a boiling water reactor (BWR), pressure in the primary coolant loop prevents the water from boiling within the reactor
Renewable energies: Energies for which generation does not require extinction of the initial resource. They largely derive from geothermal, water, air, fire and solar sources. They include hydro, wind, solar (the energy produced by marine waves and currents), geothermal (energy derived from the heat below the earth’s magma) energies, and bio-mass (energy derived from living matter, particularly wood and organic waste). They often include energy from the incineration of household or industrial waste
RTE: RTE is the operator of the French electricity transmission system. A public service company, RTE operates, maintains and develops the high and very high voltage network
SOx: Sulfur Oxide
Storage: Storage consists in placing packages of radioactive waste in a facility, ensuring their long-term management, i.e., under safe conditions allowing for long-term risks control
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Glossary (6/6) Storage center: Low or medium-level short-life radioactive waste, from nuclear plants, the Hague or Centraco facilities, are sent to
ANDRA’s Soulaines storage center in the Aube region, which has been operational since 1992. This center has capacity of 1,000,000 m3, and acceptance capacity of approximately 60 years. Very low-level short-life radioactive waste is sent to ANDRA’s Morvilliers storage center (also in the Aube region). This center was commissioned in October 2003 and has an operating life of about 30 years
Transmission networks: Network providing for the transmission of electrical power at high and very high voltages from the generating sites to the distribution networks or industrial sites directly connected to it; this includes the major interconnection transmission network (400,000 volts and 225,000 volts) and the regional distribution networks (225,000 volts, 150,000 volts, 90,000 volts and 63,000 volts)
Waste: The nuclear generation of 1 MWh of electricity (equivalent to the monthly consumption of two households) produces around 11g of total waste across all categories. Short-life waste represents more than 90% of the total, but contains only 0.1% of the radioactivity of waste
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