edexcel gcse science 2011 p1 topics 4 and 6 test [with answers]

7/29/2019 Edexcel GCSE Science 2011 P1 Topics 4 and 6 test [with answers]

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PART A

Surname Name

American Academy Larnaca

Year 4 Physics

Semester 2 Test 3

Unit P1 Universal Physics

Topic 4 Waves and the Earth

Topic 6 Energy and the Future

Wednesday 27 May 2012Wednesday 27 May 2012

Part A Time: 20 minutes

FORMULAE

You may find the following formulae useful.

wave speed = frequency wavelength v =f

takentime

covereddistancespeedwave =

t

xv =

electrical power = current potential difference P=I V

cost of electricity = power time cost of 1 kilowatt-hour

takentime

usedenergypower=

t

EP=

%100device)thetosuppliedenergy(total

device)by thensferredenergy tra(usefulefficiency =

coilsecondaryonturnsofnumber

coilprimaryonturnsofnumber

voltagesecondary

ltageprimary vo=

s

p

s

p

N

N

V

V=

Do not forget to include units in all your answers.

PART A Turn over1


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PART A

*1. (a) (i) Put a cross ( ) in the box next to the correct answer.

[1 mark]

Here you can see a representation of a sound wave.

Which is correct?

A The wave is longitudinal and the wavelength is Q

B The wave is transverse and the wavelength is P

C The wave is longitudinal and the wavelength is R

D The wave is transverse and the wavelength is S

(ii) Elephants communicate with sounds that have frequencies equal to 15 Hz.

Explain why we call this type of sound infrasound and why can elephants often sense

volcanic eruptions.

[2 marks]

(b) Ultrasound has many applications.

(i) Write down one frequency that belongs to the ultrasound.

[1 mark]

(ii) One of the uses is scanning the womb.

Explain why the mothers belly is covered with a gel before the scan.[2 mark]

PART A Turn over

P

R

Q

S

2

Gel

Ultrasound

transmitter

& receiver


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PART A

(iii)

(iii) A boat produces an ultrasound pulse.

It takes 1.6 sec for the ultrasound to be reflected from the sea bed and back to the ship.

Find the depth dof the sea bed.

Dont forget the unit.

Speed of sound in sea water = 1500 m/s

[2 marks]

Depth of sea bed, d=

[Total for Q1 = 8 marks]

_______________________________________________________________________________________

PART A Turn over

d

sea bed

ultrasound pulse

NOT TO

SCALE

shoal of fish

3


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PART A

2. (a) (i) Put a cross ( ) in the box next to the correct answer.

[1 mark]

Here are two different types of waves.

Which is correct?

A P waves are like Wave 1, S waves are like Wave 2

B Both P and S waves are like Wave 1

C S waves are like Wave 1, P waves are like Wave 2

D Both P and S waves are like Wave 2

(ii) Three seismometers A, B and C detect an earthquake.

The circles denote distance from each seismometer.

The distance between two circles is 50 km.

The earthquake happened 100 km from A, 100 km from B and 150 km from C.

Mark on the drawing the position of the epicentre.

[1 mark]

PART A Turn over

Wave 1 Wave 2

A

B

C

50 km

4


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PART A

(b) The picture below shows how the Earths crust is divided into separate parts.

(i) What do we call these parts?Explain the connection between the movement of these parts and earthquakes.

[2 marks]

(ii) Explain what causes the movement of these separate parts.

[2 marks]

PART A Turn over5


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PART A

* (c) The picture above shows seismic waves spreading out from the epicentre and the traces that

seismometers register in different regions of the Earth.Explain why the traces are different and what this implies about the Earths internal structure.

You can add to the diagram above.

[6 marks]


_______________________________________________________________________________________

TOTAL FOR PART A = 20 MARKS

_______________________________________________________________________________________

END

TOTAL FOR PAPER = 40 MARKS

PART A

Earthquake epicentre

Shadow zone

no waves detected here

One type of seismic wave detected here

Two types of seismic wave

detected here

arriving at different times

A

B

6


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PART B

Surname Name

American Academy LarnacaYear 4 Physics

Semester 2 Test 3

Unit P1 Universal Physics

Topic 4 Waves and the EarthTopic 6 Energy and the Future

Wednesday 27 May 2012Wednesday 27 May 2012

Part B Time: 20 minutes

FORMULAE

You may find the following formulae useful.

wave speed = frequency wavelength v =f

takentime

covereddistancespeedwave =

t

xv =

electrical power = current potential difference P=I V

cost of electricity = power time cost of 1 kilowatt-hour

takentime

usedenergypower=

t

EP=

%100device)thetosuppliedenergy(total

device)by thensferredenergy tra(usefulefficiency =

Do not forget to include units in all your answers.

PART B Turn over1


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PART B

1. An experiment is arranged to model earthquakes.

A brick is covered with sandpaper and placed on another piece of sandpaper.

Weights are then hanged until the weight moves (meaning an earthquake takes place).

Weights are hanged 2 g every time.

The mass that moves the block is recorded for every trial.

The results are given below.

Trial 1 2 3 4 5 6

Mass that moves the block (g) 20 22 18 20 24 18

(a) Plot a bar chart of the results below in the space below.

[2 marks]

1 2 3 4 5 6

Trial

Mass

(g)

(b) State whether earthquakes are predictable or not and explain why.

[2 marks]


_______________________________________________________________________________________

PART B Turn over

brick

sandpaper

weights

2


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PART B

2. (a) Put a cross ( ) in the box next to the correct answer.

[1 mark]

Conservation of energy in a system means

A input energy = output energy

B input energy = output energy + heat

C input energy + heat = output energy

D input energy + output energy = heat

(b) Below you see the Sankey diagram of a car engine.

(i) The car is moving up a hill by burning fuel.

Complete the energy transfer chain below.

Use the words below (you may use each word once, more than once or not at all).

[2 marks]

chemical elastic electrical gravitational potential kinetic light thermal

(ii) The efficiency of a modern car engine is 35 %.

Find the amount of useful energy X.

[2 marks]

Amount of useful energy, X =

(iii) Find how much energy turns into Y.

[2 marks]

Amount of energy Y =


_______________________________________________________________________________________

PART B Turn over

900 J

35 J

X

Y

sound

energy

energy,

energy

& sound

energy

3


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PART B

3. (a) Put a cross ( ) in the box next to the correct answer.

[1 mark]

Look at the colour and temperatures of the four objects below.

They are made of the same material and have the same size.

Which emits more radiation?

A B C D

(b) Scientists believe that global warming is caused by greenhouse gases.

(i) Name one such greenhouse gas and explain how these gases increase the temperature.

[2 marks]

(ii) Snow reflects radiation from the Sun.

The oceans absorb radiation from the Sun.

Explain why a rise in Earths temperature will cause an even larger temperature increase.

[2 marks]

PART B Turn over

white

15 C

white

30 C

black

30 C

black

15 C

4


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PART B

* (c) Two metal plates are placed on the ground.

They are made of the same metal and have an area of 1 m2.

Each receives the same amount of energy per second.

One plate is white, the other one is black.

Their temperature is checked in regular intervals (Figure 1).

Explain why the black plate reaches a higher temperature that eventually stays constant.

How does this affect the construction of hot water solar panels that we use to heat water?

[4 marks]


_______________________________________________________________________________________

TOTAL FOR PART B = 20 MARKS

_______________________________________________________________________________________

END

TOTAL FOR PAPER = 40 MARKS

PART B

Figure 1 Figure 2

5


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MS

MARK SCHEME

PART A

p. 2 & 3

1. (a) (i) C [1 mark]

(ii) Anyone of [1 mark]

(frequency) < 20 Hz

Below hearing range

&

(Volcanic) eruptions produce infrasound (that elephants detect) (or similar) [1 mark]

(b) (i) Anyf> 20 kHz [1 mark]

Number > 20 000 without unit [1/2 mark]

For number > 20 without unit, no marks

(ii) Stop ultrasound being reflected from skin [1 mark]

&

Anyone of [1 mark]

More ultrasound enters the womb

More ultrasound reflected from the baby

Better picture / resolution (or similar)

(iii) Formulax = v tor direct substitutionx = 1500 1.6 [1 mark]

x = 2400 m [1/2 mark]

d=x / 2 = 1200 m [1/2 mark]

Accept unit anywhere in the solution

If unit wrong or missing [1/2 mark]

MS 1


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MS

p. 4, 5 & 6

2. (a) (i) A [1 mark]

(ii)

Accept any mark on the drawing showing that point

(b) (i) Tectonic plates [1 mark]

Earthquakes take place when they slide past each other (or similar) [1 mark]

(ii) Convection currents [1 mark]

&

Anyone of [1 mark]

In the mantle

Due to the hot core (or similar)

(c) Earthquake detection

At A both P & S waves

At B only P waves

P waves = longitudinal

S waves = transverse

Longitudinal / P waves cannot travel in liquids so do not go through liquid coreShows that core is liquid

Waves are refracted as they move through different rocks inside the Earth

So no waves are detected in shadow zones

Level Marks

1 1 2 P = longitudinal

S = transverse

Labels mantle & liquid outer core

2 3 4 Refers to S / transverse not travelling through liquid (outer) core

At A = P & S waves

At B = only P waves

3 5 6 Refers to refraction of waves

Change in direction due different rock structure / compositionRelates to shadow zones

MS

A

B

C

[1 mark]

2


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MS

MARK SCHEME

PART B

p. 2

1. (a)

0

10

20

30

1 2 3 4 5 6

Trial

Mass

(g)

Correct scale on y-axis [1 mark]At least 5 correct bars [1 mark]

(b) Not predictable [1 mark]

&

Anyone of [1 mark]

Internal structure of the Earth not known

Impossible to measure forces between plates

Friction forces between plates not known (or similar)

p. 3

2. (a) A [1 mark]

(b) (i)

Each correct match = [1/2 mark]

(ii) Formula or substitution: 35 % = 0.35 = useful / 900 [1 mark]

Useful = 0.35 900 [1/2 mark]= 315 J [1/2 mark] Ignore absence of unit

If unit wrong [1/2 mark]

(iii) Correct formula: 900 = 35 + { X / 315 }+ Y ORY = 900 315 35 [1 mark]

Correct answer: Y = 550 J [1 mark] Ignore absence of unit

If unit wrong [1/2 mark]

MS

chemicalenergy

kineticenergy,

thermal/ heatenergy& sound

gravitationalpotentialenergy

3


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MS

p. 4 & 5

3. (a) C [1 mark]

(b) (i) Carbon Dioxide / Methane / Water vapour [1 mark]

&

Greenhouse gases absorb some of the heat / radiation from the Sun [1 mark]

(ii) Less shiny surfaces / More dark surfaces (as snow melts) [1 mark]

Less reflection / More absorption (or similar) [1 mark]

(c) Black is a better absorber of radiation

Temperature increases

As temperature increases it emits more radiation

When absorbed radiation = emitted radiation => constant / balanced / steady temperature

The steady temperature is higher than previous

Solar panels are made black to absorb more radiation

Heat water faster / Water maintained at higher temperature

Level Marks

1 1 2 Reference to better absorption by black colour

Subsequent increase in temperature

Use in water heaters

2 3 4 Reference to balance

Absorbed radiation = emitted radiation

More radiation emitted as temperature increases

Constant temperature is higher than before

MS 4

edexcel gcse science 2011 p1 topics 4 and 6 test [with answers]

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