ed+c - november 2011

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environmental design + construction

Schoolhouse that Rocks

Soy-based wood stain

from interior walls of

new restaurant

Banged against unfinished

clay plaster used in the

converted warehouse office

Scuffed on gravel path

on the living roof we

installed downtown

Bumped into a palette of

gypsum wall panels at the

community center job site

Our local USGBC

chapter office

Specs from the geothermal

heat pump installed in the

Town Hall last year

Low-VOC paint used

for the new high school

cafeteria

Roof support idea

for new project

Mud from the bioswales

surrounding the shopping center

redevelopment

Snagged on a stack of

recycled ceiling joists at

the bank renovation

Do you have the tools you need to succeed in a dynamic green building industry?

The U.S. Green Building Council has the green building education and resources

you need to get the job done – from online anytime courses to LEED reference and study guides.

1.4 Million Square Feet Certifies to LEED Every Day

www.usgbc.org/educationReader Service No. 65 www.EDCmag.com/webcard

Products you can look up to.

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Cer

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Teed

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EPDs you can look into.Many of CertainTeed’s Ceilings have Environmental Product Declarations (EPDs) — 3rd party certifi ed life cycle assessments that tell their whole green story, from raw materials to reusability. Now it’s easier to make informed, sustainable choices for your school design projects. That’s transparency you can see.

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Reader Service No. 104 www.EDCmag.com/webcard

ed+c N O V E M B E R 1 14

NOVEMBER 2011

VOLUME 14

NUMBER 11 CONTENTS

6 WEB TOC

8 EDITOR’S NOTE

10 NEW + NOTABLE

34 ADVERTISER INDEX

In Every Issue

14

20 28

In This Issue14 20 28

In This Issue

Energized EducationThe Excellence in Design winner in the Education category puts an emphasis on educating children through a hands-on experience. Submitted by S.I.M. Architects.

Design in Service of Educating the Global CitizenAmerican University’s School of International Service embodies the curriculum. By Katherine Grove, AIA, LEED AP BD+C.

New Tech, Old BuildingsChilled beam systems are the future for heating and cooling historic buildings. By Kevin M. Pope, PE.

Newsline For breaking news, visit www.EDCmag.com or sign up online to receive the eNewsletter delivered right to your inbox. For current industry news from your phone, snap the mobile tag here. Get the free app for your phone at

http://gettag.mobi

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More OnlineRemember to visit the new EDCmag.com for more

Cool Roofi ng plus stories, news and products.

On the Cover:While many green educational facility designs are using the structures themselves as educational tools, the extent to which this practice was employed at the Buchanan Energy and Environmental Research Center makes it the winner in ED+C’s Education category of the EID awards. Photo by Paul Mullins, Mullins Studio.

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WEBTOC

THIS MONTH’S WEB EXCLUSIVE FEATURES INCLUDE:

GFRC Walls Blend School with Surroundings

By Roy Diez

Precast Glass Fiber Rein-forced Concrete (GFRC) architectural wall panels

were selected for the new 135,000-square-foot adminis-trative and classroom build-ing project at California State University because of their sustainable features.

Designing with Air

By Nina Wolgelenter

Maintaining comfort ap-propriate for an education-al facility is an education

in itself. Governments are ripe with budget cuts, which leave school administrators seek-ing innovative alternatives to costly HVAC systems for lower-ing utility costs.

Cold Cash Comes from Making Ice

by Phil Kirk

Johnston County Public Schools is saving big by us-ing hybrid-cooling systems

during warm weather. Combin-ing chillers and thermal-energy storage tanks, energy costs have been reduced by as much as 40 percent, even on days topping 100 degrees.

Historic Post Office Adaptively Reused

Contributed by Lord, Aeck & Sargent

A $62 million restoration turned a former Great Depres-sion-era main post office into

the headquarters for the GSA. The project, which adhered to the Stan-dards for the Treatment of Historic Properties as well as the WorkPlace 20-20 standards, is targeting LEED Silver certification.

1 2 3 4

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Online Only at www.EDCmag.com

IMAGE COURTESY OF LPA INC./COSTEA PHOTOGRAPHY INC. 4IM

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www.EDCmag.com 7

CON

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SHO

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SEAccording to the U.S. Department of Energy, buildings account for 38 percent of total U.S. energy consumption.

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“Having the LEED AP BD+C credential put my resumé at the top of the pile during my job search, and I was hired within a month.”

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Hear Todd’s story atgbci.org/Todd


Greening Existing Buildings-Our Greatest Opportunity

PRESENTED BY: DURO-LAST AND SSRCx

Sustainable Schools- Design, Construction

and Operations

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designers and builders choose advanced building envelope assemblies and highly efficient heating and cooling systems, and incorporate other energy-saving measures such as daylighting and associated control systems. Additionally, the guide informs on the development of future commercial building energy codes.

Higher education facilities haven’t been immune from the need to cut costs, either. Declines in funding from the fed-eral government on down have put a serious crimp in the funds flowing into public institutions. Many private schools, like my own alma mater, have seen tuition rates steadily in-crease while enrollment drops. But, like their K-12 brethren, institutions of higher learning are looking at energy-efficient and green technologies to help reduce operating costs. As you will find on the following pages, these technologies are being incorporated from the outset in new construction as well as helping to breathe new life into older facilities.

So, whether or not you believe schools are in as poor shape as your neighbor, rest assured that at least many schools are turning to sustainable design and construction for help — not only for the sake of those in the business of creating sustainable structures, but also for the sake of future generations.

Cheers,

Derrick TealEditor

Production ManagerJeff Bagwell

[email protected]

Phone: 248.244.6481

Fax: 248.283.6589

NOTEA survey sponsored by United Technologies Corp. and the U.S. Green Building Council’s Center for Green Schools found that one in three Americans believe the majority of U.S. schools are in “poor” shape. Only 6 percent said U.S. schools are in “excellent” shape. But that’s just their opinion, right? Well, the U.S. Government Accountability Office reports that at least 25,000 U.S. schools are in need of extensive repair and replacement, so it would seem the perception meets the reality in this case.

I wrote back in March of this year that cost is the most pressing reason for districts neglecting repairs on facili-ties and that firms are getting creative in how to raise the necessary funds to implement repairs or build new schools. The USGBC’s Center for Green Schools was created to drive change in how we design, construct and operate our schools so they will generate savings through improved energy efficiency since green schools have been proven to use less energy and water, which reduces operating costs.

The U.S. Department of Energy understands how much energy is costing educational institutions and recently an-nounced the release of the second installment of a four-part series aimed at helping architects, engineers and contractors design and build highly efficient K-12 school buildings. The Advanced Energy Design Guide, which is available for down-load now at www.ashrae.org/publications/page/aedg50pct, was produced in conjunction with ASHRAE, the American In-stitute of Architects, the Illuminating Engineering Society of North America, and USGBC. This guide provides climate-spe-cific recommendations to incorporate today’s off-the-shelf energy-efficient products. These recommendations also help

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Tree(s): 46 Solid waste: 5,700 lb

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ED+C’s use of Rolland Enviro100 Print instead of virgin fibers paper reduced its ecological footprint by:

EDIT

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Collopy at 800-223-2194 x684 or email

him at [email protected]

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Phone: 248.244.6258

Fax: 248.244.3911

Associate PublisherMichelle Hucal, LEED [email protected]

Phone: 248.244.1280

Fax: 248.786.1394

EditorDerrick [email protected]

Phone: 248.786.1645

Fax: 248.283.6560

Associate EditorLaura [email protected]

Phone: 248.786.1680

Fax: 248.502.9016

Subscription InformationPhone: 847.763.9534

Fax: 847.763.9538

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Learn Green, Earn GreenSCHOOLS IN THE U.S. NEED HELP — MAYBE MORE HELP THAN YOU THINK.

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ADVERTISING + SALES

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MISSED GREENBUILD?If you weren’t able to attend

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NEW + NOTABLE

1 Engineered Wood PanelsKirei Windfall wood engineered panels are manufactured from Douglas and hemlock fir reclaimed from building deconstruction in the Pacific North-west (otherwise destined for a landfill), creating a laminated wood material built for interior design. The linear strip construction and natural wood grain patterns combine with a variety of stain and finish options to be used as wall coverings, flooring, millwork, cabinetry and more in residential, commercial, institutional and hospitality settings. Kirei Windfall panels may contribute to LEED and other green building credits. www.kireiusa.comKirei | Reader Service No. 1

2 Sunshade Performance ToolKawneer Company Inc.’s Solector Sun Shading Estimator tool was developed for architects to use early in the design phase. The tool helps determine how blade angles, size and orientation impact the shading performance of sunshades. In addition to calculating the shading perfor-mance, Solector Sun Shading Estimator also provides an estimate of cool-ing energy and cost savings on an annual basis, using broad assumptions. Energy savings are calculated based on solar heat gain avoided due to exterior shading of the façade. www.kawneer.comKawneer Company Inc. | Reader Service No. 2

3 Outdoor Charging StationsSchneider Electric EVlink outdoor electric vehicle (EV) charging stations are in-tended as an easy-to-install and user-friendly solution for recharging vehicles outside. The EVlink stations include ground fault monitoring and protection, and automatic recovery and restart functionality. The chargers are available in wall or pedestal mounts and in dual or single charging units. Authentica-tion using a RFID card scan ensures that only approved users can access the charging station. EVlink level II basic outdoor EV chargers can be used for both commercial and residential applications. www.schneider-electric.com/usSchneider Electric | Reader Service No. 3

4 Commercial Solar PanelsSunPower’s new E20 Series is a commercially available, 20 percent efficient solar panel. SunPower panels reportedly average two to four times greater efficiency than thin film solar technology. The E20 Series offers new features to enhance power generation, including SunPower’s 22.4 percent efficiency Maxeon solar cell technology, which is designed to capture more sunlight and conduct more electrical current than conventional solar cells. The panels are designed to accommodate transformer-less inverters. The E20 Series will be available in North America at the beginning of 2012. us.sunpowercorp.comSunPower Corporation | Reader Service No. 4

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Wind Turbine Modular FoundationsCell Block precast modular foundations have been developed for small and com-munity wind turbines. The system allows for the harnessing of wind power on sites like landfills and contaminated Superfund sites as well as remote locations. Cell Block modular foundation systems are a precast post-tensioned block system that reportedly can be assembled in a variety of configura-tions onsite with minimal site preparation. Each non-ground penetrating Cell Block modular foundation system is designed and engineered specifically for the location of the installation. www.oldcastleprecast.comCell Blocks Inc. and Oldcastle Precast Inc. | Reader Service No. 5

Recycled Mounting UnitRenusol America’s CS60 is a one-piece solar panel mounting unit for flat roofs that is made with a 100 percent recycled high molecular weight polyethylene (HMWPE) base. The plastic mounting system is lighter than aluminum and reportedly easy to work with. The CS60 is intended to make a “one panel, one mounting unit” solution possible — eliminating single

row panel placement with rigid aluminum racking rails. Renusol CS60 base is made with UV stabilizing agents, is designed to have a low electrical conductivity and is resistant to heat. www.renusolamerica.comRenusol America | Reader Service No. 6

EPDM FlashingFirestone FlashGard SA Thru-Wall Flashing is a self-adhered EPDM thru-wall flashing. Intended to be long-lasting and durable, FlashGard SA reportedly provides strong expansion and contraction characteristics and performance in

harsh environments. EPDM accessories are also available. www.firestonebpco.com Firestone Building Products | Reader Service No. 7

Transformer-less InvertersSMA Solar Technology AG’s SMA transformer-less Sunny Boy 8000TL-US, Sunny Boy 9000TL-US, and Sunny Boy 10000TL-US inverters are certi-fied by Underwrit-ers Laboratories (UL). The inverters’ reduced weight reportedly make it easier to mount the de-vices. The Sunny Boy 8000TL-US and Sunny Boy 9000TL-US feature weighted efficiencies of 98 percent according to the California Energy Commission (CEC), while the Sunny Boy 10000TL-US achieved 97.5 percent. www.SMA-America.comSMA America LLC | Reader Service No. 8


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Floating Solar PanelsSPG Solar Floatovoltaics are designed to make it possible for commercial, indus-trial and government users with little available rooftop or land space to float solar on water, providing energy sav-ings, water savings and environmental benefits. Where water is at a premium, the system aims to offer significant conservation benefits: reduces water evaporation up to 70 percent, improves water quality by providing cover-age from the sun that minimizes algae growth, and provides shade below the panels, lowering the water temperature and improving power output from the solar panels. www.spgsolar.comSPG Solar Inc. | Reader Service No. 9

Thermoplastic Enclosures Integra Enclosures introduced its 24x24x10 enclosure product, a part of the Genesis line, to meet customer needs for larger-scaled application protection solutions. The engineered thermoplastic enclosures are designed to provide protection for a range of industries and environments in-cluding remote monitoring, energy, water treatment, petrochemical, communications, electrical construction and more. Integra enclosures are non-corrosive and non-conductive. www.integraenclosures.com Integra Enclosures | Reader Service No. 10

Electronic FaucetsChicago Faucets’ new Self Sus-taining Power System (SSPS) is a new energy-efficient turbine power option for its line of high-performance electronic faucets. The SSPS uses turbine technology to create and store power every time water is used. A 6-pole magnet and dual-in-ductor rotor turbine create energy from water flow. The energy created by the turbine is stored in a rechargeable storage device that mounts under the sink and can be attached to the wall. The system comes with a back-up battery and voltage regulator for smart power selection. www.chicagofaucets.comThe Chicago Faucets Company | Reader Service No. 11

New Tank MaterialPVI Industries is now manufacturing water heaters and storage tanks from AquaPLEX, an engineered duplex alloy. AquaPLEX combines the grain structures of both 300 and 400 series stainless steels, offering the benefits of both and designed to exceed the per-formance of either material alone. Tanks made from AquaPLEX require no lining and no anode rods. Water can be stored at greater than 200 F continuously with no effect. www.pvi.com PVI Industries | Reader Service No. 12

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The Buchanan Energy and Environmental Research Center puts the education of its students at the forefront — just like it does access to its systems geared toward sustainability

and energy conservation. It’s this use of the fa-cility itself as an educational tool that nudged it to the head of the class in the Education category of the 2011 EID awards.

At the commencement of the project, the architects met with a design committee consist-ing of teachers, administration, maintenance staff, parents, students and local industry pro-fessionals to establish a program for the project. Several meetings during the schematic design process were held to discuss ideas and receive direction. In addition to getting valuable input from the design committee, the process helped garner the committee’s total support of the final

design. “The initial wish list was pretty long, and it’s remarkable how John Smith and his team at S.I.M. were able to incorporate so much green into a relatively small project,” says energy con-sultant Mark Alvis of Alvis Projects Inc.

Funded equally by a Career Technical Education Grant and Clovis Unified School

AW A R D S

The Excellence in Design winner in the Education

category puts an emphasis on educating

children through a hands-on experience.

IMAGES BY PAUL MULLINS, MULLINS STUDIO.

ENERGIZED Education

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District, the final cost for the project came to $4,603,879. Those funds were put toward a curriculum the district had determined would best serve its students: the green industry. By providing students with an educational pathway and a facility emphasizing future careers in sustainability through vocational classes to educate and train for future careers, this project has become a valuable educational resource for the entire community.

Since this facility was built to teach sustainable design and alternative energy systems, it was para-mount that the building be a living and breathing example of both. The facility, as an instructional device, is part of the daily lessons and experiments.

Teaching ToolOne of the major components to successful vocational education is to provide hands-on

experience. The Buchanan Energy and Envi-ronmental Research Center is designed to be a teaching tool, allowing students to have real-time interaction with all the different energy and sustainable elements of the facility.

The concrete floors contain radiant floor heating, which can be viewed through Plexiglas view panels. A second story study area allows students access to photovoltaic panel arrays, a vegetative green roof, wind turbines and other such green design ele-ments. There is also a demonstration wall where students can install components they design, build and then monitor to see the energy ramifications. Not only can students physically see two different types of operating wind turbines, they are also able to measure and analyze the energy produc-tion of each.

Almost everything about the building’s design and construction was an example of sustainabili-ty and alternative energy concepts. The envelope is super insulated and efficient with insulated concrete form (ICF) walls, efficient window sys-tems and a green vegetative roof. The mechanical systems are high efficiency and provide healthy air quality with the heating and thermal displace-ment cooling systems. An abundance of natural light and ventilation is provided with operable window systems.

“The entire building is wired,” Alvis adds. “Students can monitor the output of the wind turbines and the PV arrays in real time. They can compare time of day, temperature and seasonal effects on the different systems. Over-head, plumbing and ducting is purposefully left exposed, much of it labeled so students can see how the whole building is connected.”

IMAGES BY PAUL MULLINS, MULLINS STUDIO.

ENERGIZED Education

www.EDCmag.com 17

In addition to rooftop experiment areas, an outdoor patio on the south side of the energy shops provides an area for experi-mentation, as well as an opportunity for the study of Xeroscape plantings and irriga-tion systems. Important consideration was also given to the siting of the building. By locating it against the street, it allows greater visibility for student recruiting and interested neighbors. The building is oriented such that it maximizes northern and southern exposure. Dividing the building into two components, with a central east/west circulation spine, doubled the northern and southern exposure. This spine not only provides access, but it allows for additional outdoor teaching opportunities since it is covered. Along the main circulation path, an information kiosk has been located. The kiosk will allow passersby to view real-time energy data as well as a tutorial explaining the build-ing and its green design elements.

With the majority of the windows facing north and south, it was easy to control the sun and allow for an abundance of natural light. Light wells were created through the second floor study area, and light shelves are utilized on the south facing windows of the class-

rooms to further increase natural daylight. “The classrooms are lit with natural light from huge Kalwall panels which form much of the north wall,” says Alvis. “In addition, there are operable storefront-type windows on the south side that bring in more natural light. Light sensors in the ceiling automatically turn lights on or off as needed.”

Expert InteractionAnother important aspect of vocational educa-tion is the interaction of the local industry experts. As part of the programming and design process, partnerships with several green entities were established. These entities were important with regard to the design of the project and helped with the development of the curriculum. Several of these partners have also agreed to future presentations and student project development.

Once the certification is complete, the project is expected to attain LEED Gold and be CHPS compliant.

The above information was provided by S.I.M. Archi-tects and Alvis Projects Inc. For more information on ED+C’s annual Excellence in Design Awards contest, visit eid.EDCmag.com.

2011 EDUCATIONAL CATEGORY WINNER

Project Name: Buchanan Energy and Environmental Research Center

Location: Clovis, Calif.

Size: 10,000 square feet (overall)

Cost: $4,603,879

Completed: September 1, 2010

Type: New construction

Winning TeamArchitect: S.I.M. Architects

Principal Architect: John H. Smith

Lead Designer: Clinton Mukai

Project Manager: Russell Bybee

Interior Designer: Jessica Castro

Interior Designer: Wylene Powers

Construction Manager: Harris Construction

Structural Engineer: ASDI

Civil Engineer: Blair, Church & Flynn

Mechanical Engineer: LP Engineering

Low Voltage Consultant: One Interface

Energy Consultant: Alvis Projects Inc.

Landscape Architect: Broussard & Associates

Clovis Unified School District Staff Superintendent: Dr. David Cash

Assistant Superintendent, Facility Services: Don Ulrich

Director of Construction and Engineering: Rick Lawson

MaterialsFlooring: Heritage (Bomanite polished

and sealed concrete)

Ceiling: Armstrong (acoustical ceiling tiles)

Wood: FSC-certified wood (used for casework)

Roofing: Tremco (cool roofing, vegetative roof),

Garland (cool metal roofing)

HVAC System and Appliances: McQuay (chiller with displacement vents

used for cooling), Phoenix (water

heater with solar thermal systems),

Solar Thermal Systems (solar water

heater), Armstrong Pump (radiant

floor heat tubing)

Insulation or ICFs: Logix (ICF walls)

Paints and Wallcoverings: Frazee (low-VOC paint),

Benjamin Moore (low-VOC paint), Tectum

(acoustical panels)

Energy Efficiency: Lithonia (automatic daylight

sensors); Solatube (light tubes to interior

rooms), BP (photovoltaic solar panels), Sun-

Power (crystalline solar panels), Unisolar (thin

film solar panels), Swift & Windspire (wind

turbines)

Building Envelope: Owens Corning (R-38 roof

insulation), Kalwall (translucent wall system),

PPG (low-E glazing), Kawneer (thermal broken

storefront)

Plumbing Fixtures: Zurn (low-flow fixtures),

Bradley (light operated sink)

Landscaping: Hunter & Toro (irrigation

systems for reduced water use)

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EducationalFINALISTS

INTERNATIONAL VILLAGE, NORTHEASTERN UNIVERSITY

Submitted By: Richard Mooore Environmental Consulting

Size: 482,750 square feet

Location: Boston

Cost: $160 million

Northeastern University’s International Village, a mixed-use project, achieved

LEED Gold certification, and it is the largest Gold educational complex in the

U.S. (at time of award.) The program includes residence halls for undergradu-

ate students (1,200 beds), offices, class and conference rooms for the university

and retail space. The complex consists of four linked buildings connected

by a ground-floor plinth whose rooftop provides a green garden roof for the

students. Three towers form the student dormitories (22, 19 and 9 stories

respectively) and the fourth building contains ground floor retail, offices, class

and conference rooms.

COPYRIGHT TIMOTHY HURSLEY

UNIVERSITY OF PENNSYLVANIA MORRIS ARBORETUM HORTICULTURE CENTER

Submitted By: Overland Partners Architects

Size: 20,000 gross square feet

Location: Springfield Township, Pa.

Cost: $7.8 million

Once a 19th century private estate, the University of Pennsylvania Morris Arbo-

retum Horticulture Center is now a 21st century world-renowned public garden

and educational institution. The first phase of the new horticulture center forms

a campus anchored by a central “farm courtyard.” Thousands of rare plants, in-

cluding some of Philadelphia’s oldest and largest trees, are set on a 92-acre land-

scape. The current buildings are designed to achieve LEED Platinum. Addition-

ally, the buildings create an entire water management system including water

harvesting and a constructed wetland that provides treatment of wastewater.

STEPS BUILDING

Submitted By: Bohlin Cywinski Jackson

Size: 135,000 gross square feet

Location: Bethlehem, Pa.

Cost: $62 million

The STEPS Building houses Lehigh University’s new Science, Technology, Environ-

ment, Policy and Society program, which integrates the sciences, environmental

studies, engineering and the social sciences. From the beginning, the design

process integrated site and campus; program and activity; and technological

and sustainable criteria. The architects identified opportunities to enhance the

physical campus and improve campus life through social stimulation as well as

provide new teaching and learning resources for a balanced, holistic outcome.

While melding site and program, the architects introduced technological and

sustainable practices to achieve a fully integrated design.

CREDIT: JEFFREY TOTARO

CREDIT: BARRY HALKIN PHOTOGRAPHY

www.EDCmag.com 19

KINNEAR CENTRE FOR CREATIVITY AND INNOVATION, BANFF CENTRE

Submitted By: Diamond and Schmitt Architects Size: 88,000 square feet

Location: Banff, Alberta, Canada Cost: $63.4 million (CAD)

The Kinnear Centre for Creativity and Innovation is at the physical and programmatic heart of the Banff Centre cam-

pus. It provides opportunities for people from different disciplines and varied expertise. The Kinnear Centre contains

a three story galleria, naturally lit with clerestory, which is the functional as well as social spine of the Kinnear Centre,

connecting all levels. The horizontal, minimalist exterior contrasts with the verticality and majesty of the mountains,

resulting in a structure that blends with the landscape. The Kinnear Centre is targeting LEED Gold certification.

CREDIT: TOM ARBAN

SOUTH TAHOE HIGH SCHOOL

Submitted By: LPA Inc.

Size: CTE Green Academy, 27,300 square feet; ORG: 29,200 square feet

Location: South Lake Tahoe, Calif.

Cost: CTE CTE Green Academy, $400/square foot; ORG: $550/square foot

Lake Tahoe Unified School district embarked on

a facilities master plan to create five facilities

for its students. The CTE Green Construction

and Transportation Academy was the first to

be completed and was quickly followed by

the Overcrowding Relief Grant (ORG) funded

classroom building. Both buildings are CHPS

designed and qualified for a high-performance

energy grant by beating California’s Title 24

energy standard by 30 percent. The CTE Green

Construction and Transportation Academy

exposes students to green careers.

CREDIT: LPA INC./COSTEA PHOTOGRAPHY INC.


See the article

Customizing Spaces that Build Career Interest in

the March 2011 issue

of ED+C for a case study

on this project.


Design in Service of Educating the Global Citizen

AMERICAN UNIVERSITY’S SCHOOL OF INTERNATIONAL SERVICE CALLED ON A

VARIETY OF SOURCES FOR THE INSPIRATION OF ITS DESIGN. PHOTO BY PRAKASH

PATEL, COURTESY OF WILLIAM MCDONOUGH + PARTNERS.

www.EDCmag.com 21

How can a building project on a Washington, D.C., college campus em-body the values of global peace and social justice embraced by those who work, learn and teach there? This core question

guided the vision for the new home of the School of International Service at American University (AU).

A robust, diversely populated program, the School of International Service (SIS) is the largest school of international affairs in the U.S., yet until recently the program was housed in one of the smallest buildings at AU. Classes and office space were scattered throughout the campus; it was challenging for students, staff and faculty to gather or to identify positively with their built environment as a manifestation of their values. When the building commit-tee assembled for the new project, these challenges were re-envisioned as part of a set of guiding principles for the design: promote peace through the support of non-violence; support humane labor practices; harmonize with the natural world; enhance human health; create opportunities for all people; and provide free access to information.

Diverse SourcesWilliam McDonough + Partners served as the design architect, working closely with Quinn Evans Architects, architect of record, to translate these principles into a built form that respects the SIS mission and supports human and environmental health. Input from the di-verse SIS community was critical to the design process. Traditional integrated design team players — building owners, end users, archi-tects and engineers — were joined by dozens of students, as well as staff, professors, O&M, landscape designers and others from the uni-versity community to prioritize goals for the project. Student input, in particular, directly influenced key decisions; for instance, stu-dents led the design team to focus heavily on implementation of solar strategies to promote the importance of clean power generation as a justice issue for struggling economies around the world. Similarly, students campaigned suc-cessfully to add more classrooms to the new building program so they could increase the time spent in the shared SIS environment, in daylit classrooms with outside views. Faculty and staff also embraced the design process; class curricula over multiple semesters studied various aspects of the building process from design through construction, with students researching materials and environmental strategies for the building as well as delving into the social impacts of fair labor contracts and global sourcing of materials. The archi-tects, engineers and facilities staff engaged

AMERICAN UNIVERSIT Y’S SCHOOL OF

INTERNATIONAL SERVICE

EMBODIES THE CURRICULUM.

By Katherine Grove, AIA, LEED AP BD+C


with students in work sessions, presentations, feedback sessions and visits to design offices and the construction site, enriching the dialogue for all parties.

Ultimately, the building design reflects this diverse input, and the new SIS home is a welcoming environment for all who work and visit there. Literal and metaphori-cal transparency is embraced; a daylit central atrium funnels light throughout the building, acts as both entry and gathering space, and visually displays the daily functioning of SIS to the main Bendheim Quadrangle and the rest of the university community. Key program elements — the school’s café (the Davenport Lounge, a student-run fair-trade coffee lounge popularly used by all the university community), classrooms and the dean’s office — are positioned in highly visible locations at the atrium’s Quad entrance. Breakout spaces such as balconies, enlarged hallway nodes, glass-walled conference rooms, outdoor terraces and informal amphitheater seating in the atrium, are located through-out the project and incorporate movable furniture, daylight controls and ample plug access to facilitate diverse ways of work-ing and learning. SIS staff and students host guests from across the globe, conducting tours that demonstrate the synergy between the International Service program and the design features of the building to potential students, ambassadors and others. The new SIS building provides the school an expanded, central venue for global policy conferences and in-house gatherings, and was the site where President Barack Obama delivered a speech on immigra-tion reform in July 2010.

A perforated metal frieze around the building’s exterior


THE TRANSPARENCY OF THE ATRIUM

SERVES MULTIPLE FUNCTIONS.

PHYSICALLY, IT ALLOWS AMPLE DAYLIGHT

INTO THE SPACE AND CREATES A HEALTHIER

SPACE. METAPHORICALLY, IT HARMONIZES

WITH THE NATURAL WORLD. PHOTOS BY

PRAKASH PATEL, COURTESY OF WILLIAM

MCDONOUGH + PARTNERS.

www.EDCmag.com 23

acts as signage, reflecting the diversity of the SIS population its global mission — the frieze abstracts the triangulated patterns of Buckminster Fuller’s Dymaxion Map of the world, showing continents “unfolded” in different relationships on panels at different sides of the building. Use of the Dymaxion Map as inspiration for the frieze originally came from a shared personal connection that SIS Dean Louis Goodman and design architect William McDonough had with Fuller; at the same time the Dymaxion method of mapping the globe was one that SIS faculty embraced as it manifests fewer distortions of physi-cal land and water masses than many traditional mapping systems. Ultimately, while the architects proposed the original concept and developed the construction details of the frieze, the final placement of the map’s triangulation onto the frieze panels was completed by a collaborative team within the university, resulting in a true cross-pol-lination of ideas between academics, technicians and designers. The frieze pattern, while abstracted, is still recognizable and allows people

SCHOOL OF INTERNATIONAL SERVICE

Location: Washington, D.C.

Owner: American University

Project Size: 75,000 square feet above grade

Date Completed: Summer 2010

Project TeamWilliam McDonough + Partners, Design Architect

Quinn Evans Architects, Architect of Record

AU Office of the University Architect, Landscape Architect and Interior Designer

Taylor Engineering, Design Mechanical Engineer

GHT Limited, Mechanical Engineer of Record

McMullan Associates, Structural Engineer

Delon Hampton Associates, Civil Engineer

Loisos + Ubbelohde Associates, Daylighting Consultant

Sustainable Design Consulting, LEED Consultant

PEG, Fire Code and Suppression Consultant

Whiting Turner, General Contractor

Conceptual Site Furnishings, Frieze Construction




to discover their “home” continent and then view it in changing relationships to the rest of the globe as they move around the building.

Other aspects of the façade reflect the context of classical tripartite elements of the neighboring AU buildings facing the main Quad and adjacent Nebraska Avenue — traditional elements such as tall floor-to-floor glazing, large cornices and deep façades allow daylight to penetrate deep into the building — while the incorporation of high-per-formance glazing, sun shades and the perforated frieze/screening modulate glare and heat gain in support of op-timized energy use. And while the SIS exterior incorporates elements drawn from the classical façades of nearby buildings, this articulation is broken open at the Quad and Nebraska entries, increasing visible connectedness to the interior functions, using daylight as a tool to draw people in, and allowing entry at grade to facilitate equality of access (most buildings around the Quad have elevated ground floors, which necessitated the later addition of

ramps). Elements such as the sun shades were modeled and studied in 3D to understand the impact of increasing the shades’ projection with respect to cost effectiveness.

Social InputModeling social and environmental justice through the building’s performance was also a critical design metric, one which resulted in LEED Gold certification of the project in March

THE CENTRAL ATRIUM ALSO ACTS AS AN EXHAUST PLENUM FOR THE BUILDING. PHOTOS BY PRAKASH PATEL, COURTESY OF WILLIAM MCDONOUGH + PARTNERS.

2011. The new SIS building is located on a for-mer parking lot site which was the last empty parcel adjacent to the campus Quad. A Quad “loop” of mechanical services was already in place and designed to accommodate building on this site; however, the engineering team prepared an intensive analysis comparing use of the existing services versus development of a standalone integrated building system and ranked options according to philosophical

alignment, ease of implementation, op-eration and maintenance over the life of the building, and cost. The integrat-ed design team developed strategies to optimize building energy use, including extensive daylighting coupled with glare and heat gain control, use of LED lighting in the parking garage, and energy modeling to tune building insu-lation. The building program includes a large number of closed offices (neces-sary to accommodate the visual and acoustical privacy needed for faculty research and student support), each of which includes operable windows and individual mechanical and daylight

British Columbia wood. Sustainable by nature. Innovative by design.

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I may not be able to leap over buildings but I have the right stuff to make them last longer.Kelly Henry, M. Arch, Leed AP Ductal®

Lafarge is about so much more than materials. It’s about the people who stand behind them. It’s about the people dedicated to transforming materials to adapt to our everyday environment.

These are the people of Lafarge. Those who are totally committed to finding sustainable solutions for a better world. Those who collaborate with architects, leading universities, research centers, industry and environmental organizations to make sustainable construction a reality.

I’m proud to be one of these people. Join me online where I discuss Lafarge’s environmental commitment in product development and the contributions of our innovative ultra-high-performance concrete.

Visit: www.lafarge-na.com/visitwithme

farge is about so mabo

Kelly Henry, M. Arch, Leerch, Leed APDuctal®

ut the peopls about so much more than materials. It’s about the people who

about the people dedicated to transforming materials

© 2011 Lafarge North America Inc. LEED and the related logo is a trademark owned by the U.S. Green Building Council and is used with permission.



controls. The central atrium acts as an exhaust plenum for the multistory building, and it is also intentionally not conditioned to the same comfort levels as the offices and classrooms on a daily basis when it is primarily used as a space for impromptu dialogue. Following all the analysis and design energy optimization, the team felt confident to tie into the existing mechanical systems loop, while simultane-ously planning for the building’s rooftop to become a solar factory that feeds power into the campus electricity grid. In addition to polycrystalline photovoltaics, the building includes solar hot water heating and solar pre-heating of conditioned air through the use of a transpiration system on the south wall of the building’s rooftop mechanical penthouse.

The design also optimizes water use, and the project uses low- and no-flow fixtures, coupled with rainwater harvesting for both toilet flushing and landscape irrigation to achieve exemplary water use reduction. Rain gardens and sand filters in the landscape design slow stormwater flows. A portion of the building roof is designed for future installation of a demonstration green roof — students have suggested this space be used to grow edibles for the building’s café. Building materi-als were assessed according to human and environmental health criteria using design architect William McDonough + Partners’ Cradle to Cradle philosophy, earning 12 of 15 possible points for Indoor Environmental Quality in the LEED certification, as well as an innovation credit for AU’s implementation of a green housekeeping program for the project.

SIS Dean Goodman charged the design team to build on the school’s history. “Our founders had a vision of peace that would educate citizens planning to be of service.” He also asked for “a place where students can dream.” The school’s new home embraces its need for a place of community, welcoming and accessible to all, that reflects its values and aspirations.

KATHERINE GROVE, AIA, LEED AP BD+C, SPECIALIZES IN THE DESIGN OF

INSTITUTIONAL AND RESIDENTIAL PROJECTS THAT USE AN INTEGRATED

TEAMING APPROACH TO OPTIMIZE DESIGN AND PERFORMANCE. SHE IS A

DIRECTOR WITH WILLIAM MCDONOUGH + PARTNERS.

ibs time

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he newly reno-vated and enlarged Education Building at the University of Wisconsin-Madison, designed by HGA Architects and Engi-neers (HGA), is one of the first buildings in the Midwest and

the State of Wisconsin to use an active chilled beam system for cooling and ventilation. The

Chilled beam systems are the

future for heating and cooling

historic buildings.

tBy Kevin M. Pope, PE

Chilled beam systems are the

heating and cooling

New Tech,

Old Buildings

innovative chilled beam system, which was developed in Norway in 1975 and is widely imple-mented throughout Europe, uses radiant water and requires very little ductwork, which made it the appropriate and sustainable solution for heating and cooling the historic building.

The Education Building, a Beaux Arts building designed in 1900 by architect J.T.W. Jen-nings, includes large windows and skylights, a two-story steam-testing laboratory, and a small, utilitarian one-story wing added

in 1910. In the RFP put out by the university, variable air vol-ume (VAV) was the heating and cooling system the institution requested for the project. How-ever, it was soon realized the building’s floor-to-floor heights wouldn’t fit a properly sized VAV system. As alternative systems that required less ceiling space were being explored, a chilled beam manufacturers’ represen-tative brought the system to the project team’s attention.

How Chilled Beam WorksChilled beam is an air/water system that takes advantage of

the superior heat-transfer prop-erties of water. Chilled beam systems can be active or pas-sive, and the ceiling recessed or exposed. Multi-service beams that integrate services such as lighting, speaker systems, etc. are also available. An active system was selected for UW-Madison’s Education Building.

Active chilled beams use conditioned outdoor air (primary air) and chilled water from a central system to condi-tion the space. The air and the water are supplied at higher temperatures than a conven-tional system, which makes the system more efficient and the space more comfortable.

UNABLE TO FIT A PROPERLY SIZED VAV SYSTEM DUE TO FLOOR-TO-FLOOR HEIGHTS, THE EDUCATION BUILDING

AT UW-MADISON WAS OUTFITTED WITH ANOTHER OPTION. PHOTO BY JOHN KOROM PHOTOGRAPHY.

www.EDCmag.com 29

Dehumidification of the outside air is essential to prevent condensa-tion on the chilled beams.

Primary air is supplied through induction nozzles, which create a vacuum within the chilled beam. As a result, room air is drawn up through the water coils where it’s cooled. In the mixing section, the conditioned room air is mixed with the primary air and discharged into the room via slots. The system requires significantly less supply air (primary air) than conventional systems, allowing it to fit into the Education Building’s tight ceiling heights and small vertical shafts.

The Sustainable AdvantagesThe system consumes approximately 30 percent less energy than conventional HVAC systems. For example, with a chilled beam system a standard 10x10 office would require 30 CFM of primary air at 65 F and 1 gpm of chilled water at 58 F. With an all-air system, that same office would require 100 CFM of 55 F air.

Chilled beam has less space requirements than traditional HVAC systems. Compared to large VAV systems 50,000 CFM and greater, a chilled beam system can reduce ceiling space by as much as 18 inches. Compared to small VAV systems 20,000 CFM and less, a chilled beam system can reduce ceiling space by as much as 12 inches.

In addition, the system reduces building construction costs. Reduced floor-to-floor height lowers exterior wall cost, the size of chilled beams installed in ceilings lowers ceiling system cost, and re-duced mechanical and shaft floor area lowers floor, roof and wall cost.

The system is also extremely low maintenance. It doesn’t rely on any moving parts and has no filters that require replacement. Most manufac-turers’ units are easily serviced through the removable room air inlet grille. Cleaning is minimal, as the system typically remains dust and dirt free.

Chilled beam systems also improve indoor air quality, as 100 percent outside air is supplied to rooms with higher-than-required

UNIVERSITY OF WISCONSIN - MADISON EDUCATION BUILDING

Location: Bascom Mall on the UW-Madison Campus

Client: UW-Madison / School of Education

Owner: State of Wisconsin

Start Date: January 2009

Completion Date: July 2010

Size: 108,000 square feet

Architecture / Structural / Mechanical / Electrical: HGA

Principal: James Vander Heiden

Project Manager: Kevin Allebach

Project Lead Designer: James Shields and David Lang

Project Architect: Kevin Allebach

Structural Engineer: Brian Genduso

Mechanical Engineer: Kevin Pope

Electrical Engineer: Scott Wheaton / Gary Merkl

Civil Engineer: JJR LLC

Interior Designer: Jane Dedering / Michelle Scanley

Landscape Architect: JJR LLC

Lighting Designer: Catherine Hall

Additional Project Team Members: Dave Noelck, Lora Strigens, Robert Docter,

Kirsten Dodulik, Adam Luckhardt

Acoustician: Professional Audio Designs Inc.

Associate Architect: Quinn Evans Architects (historic preservation consultant)

General Contractor: J. P. Cullen & Sons

Photographer: John Korom Photography

Additional Consultants: PSJ Engineering Inc.

(plumbing and fire protection engineers)

grass porous pavement

invisiblestructures.com800-233-1510



New Tech, Old Buildings

ventilation rates and no recirculation of contaminants. The system also provides increased comfort for occupants with even temperatures, no drafts or noise, and individual room temperature control. The system has proven to reduce new build-ing construction cost to less than what is required for conventional systems.

Retrofitting the Education Building with this system made perfect sense. First, it physically and structurally fit into the historic building better than any other fea-sible system. Second, the system met the State of Wisconsin’s mandate that buildings be designed 30 percent more energy effi-cient than the energy code requires. Third, the system gives every individual faculty and staff office independent temperature control at a small cost. The control compo-nents for each space simply consist of two control valves (hot water and chilled water) and a thermostat.

Challenges in Historic StructuresEven though the ductwork for the chilled beam system is approximately one-third the size required for a VAV system, there was

Title: Eco-Effi ciency Analysis 101: How to Leverage this Strategic Lifecycle Tool

Date: Thursday, December 8 at 2:00 p.m. EST

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Learning objectives:• Understand what an Eco-Effi ciency Analysis is and what it is used for• Understand the categories measured and weighting factors used to calculate Eco-Effi ciency Analysis data• Get an overview of three real-life study examples that illustrate how common construction products

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INDOOR ENVIRONMENTAL QUALITY CAN BE GREATLY ENHANCED BY A CHILLED BEAM SYSTEM.

PHOTO BY JOHN KOROM PHOTOGRAPHY.

www.EDCmag.com 31

ADVANTAGES OF A CHILLED BEAM SYSTEM

Energy Efficiency

Improved Indoor Air Quality

Increased Comfort

Temperature Control

Space Savings

Low Maintenance


FOR FREE PRODUCT INFORMATION ON THESE COMPANIES

PLEASE VISIT WWW.EDCMAG.COM/WEBCARD

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still difficulty routing the supply and return ductwork in the building. This problem was solved by designing multiple duct shaft locations throughout the building. Existing tunnels in the structure’s crawl spaces were used to get the ductwork to the shafts. The use of mul-tiple shafts reduced the quantity of building square footage served by each shaft, resulting in smaller ductwork per floor.

Faculty and staff asked for operable windows, which typically are not recommended with chilled beam systems. A window left open on a humid day could cause condensation to form on the chilled beam coils and drip into the occupied spaces. This required convincing the occupants that the chilled beam system would provide better indoor air quality than a VAV system, and that they wouldn’t miss operable windows because of the excellent indoor air quality. So far, no com-plaints about the lack of operable windows or the air quality inside the building have been received.

Still, special precautions were taken to ensure the chilled beam sys-tem would work in the historic building. Dew point temperature con-trol was critical in maximizing the system’s effectiveness. The building exterior only consists of approximately 2-foot-thick masonry without any vapor barrier, and it was decided to avoid a vapor barrier out of concern for the existing masonry walls. Consequently, preventing out-


Statement of Ownership, Management, and Circulation (Requester Publications Only)

Publication Detail1 Publication Name ENVIRONMENTAL DESIGN + CONSTRUCTION1 Publication Number 016-6982 ISSN 1095-89323 Filing Date 09/23/20114 Issue Frequency MONTHLY5 Number of Issues Published Annually 126 Annual Subscription Price 115.007 Complete Mailing Address of Known Office of Publication 2401 W BIG BEAVER RD7 STE 7007 TROY, OAKLAND, MI 48084-33337 Contact Person CATHERINE RONAN7 Telephone (248) 244-82598 Complete Mailing Address of Headquarter or General Business Office of Publisher 2401 W BIG BEAVER RD8 STE 7008 TROY, MI 48084-33339 Publisher (Name and complete mailing address) DIANA BROWN9 2401 W BIG BEAVER RD STE 7009 TROY, MI 48084-33339 Editor (Name and complete mailing address) DERRICK TEAL9 2401 W BIG BEAVER RD STE 7009 TROY, MI 48084-33339 Managing Editor (Name and complete mailing address) LAURA ZIELINSKI9 2401 W BIG BEAVER RD STE 7009 TROY, MI 48084-3333

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Version PS Form 3526, September 2007

New Tech, Old Buildings

door humidity from infiltrating the exterior wall to the interior was a great concern.

The ventilation system was designed to maintain indoor dew point temperature without a vapor barrier. Safeties to monitor indoor dew point and prevent formation

of condensation on any part of the chilled water system were also installed through-out the building. Dew point monitors were installed at all corners on every level of the building, and moisture sensors were placed on each chilled water supply main pipe out of the shafts on every level of the building.

The temperature control system main-tains a minimum two degrees Fahrenheit warmer chilled water supply temperature than any measured dew point temperature and initiates an alarm if chilled water sup-ply temperature rises too high. Any safety sensing moisture on a chilled water pipe closes all respective chilled water control valves served by the chilled water pipe and sets off an alarm.

A Sustainable System for Today and the FutureIn the past 40 years, most buildings have been heated and cooled with air. Water is the way of the future for energy conserva-tion and operational cost savings, particu-larly in historic buildings with low floor-to-ceiling ratios. Because the project team incorporated a chilled beam system in the historic Education Building, it became one of the first in the State of Wisconsin to receive an ENERGY STAR rating, a federal designa-tion that recognizes energy efficiency. Sub-mitted at LEED Platinum certification from the U.S. Green Building Council, the Educa-tion Buildings’ renovation has set a new standard for environmentally sound capital projects at American universities.

KEVIN M. POPE, PE, IS ASSOCIATE VICE PRESI-

DENT, MECHANICAL ENGINEERING FOR HGA

ARCHITECTS AND ENGINEERS IN MILWAUKEE,

WISC. A SENIOR MECHANICAL ENGINEER WITH

MORE THAN 30 YEARS OF EXPERIENCE IN THE

HVAC INDUSTRY, POPE IS A BSME GRADUATE OF

THE MILWAUKEE SCHOOL OF ENGINEERING. HE HAS WORKED AT HGA

FOR THE LAST 17 YEARS.

HOW DOES A CHILLED BEAM WORK?

The active chilled beam system is an air/water system that takes advantage of the superior heat transfer properties of

water to condition the space.

Active Chilled Beam

Primary Air

Induction Nozzle

Cooling Coil

Mixed Air

Room Air

WATER IS THE WAY OF THE FUTURE FOR ENERGY

CONSERVATION AND OPERATIONAL COST SAVINGS,

PARTICULARLY IN HISTORIC BUILDINGS WITH LOW

FLOOR-TO-CEILING RATIOS

Endorsed by:

Attend the World’s Largest HVAC&R Marketplace!

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January 23 -25, 2012International Air-Conditioning Heating Refrigerating Exposition

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ADINDEX To request free information from ED+C advertisers, simply go to

www.EDCmag.com/webcard and enter the corresponding circle

numbers listed below or fill out the card located after page 10.

AHR Expowww.ahrexpo.com

Page 33

Atas International, Inc.www.atas.com

Page 31 | Circle # 47

Bluebeam Software, Inc.www.bluebeam.com/simple


CertainTeed Ceilingswww.certainteed.com


CertainTeed Gypsum, Inc.www.certainteed.com


Flexco Corporationwww.flexcofloors.com


Forestry Innovation Investmentwww.naturallywood.com/edc

Page 7, 25 | Circle # 48, 199

Green Building Certification Institutewww.gbci.org/Todd


Invisible Structures, Inc.www.invisiblestructures.com


Lafarge North Americawww.lafarge-na.com/visitwithme


MBCI Groupwww.mbci.com


NAHB International Builder’s Showwww.buildersshow.com


nora systems, Inc.www.nora.com/us/apps18


Nudura Corporationwww.nudura.com


Pine Hall Brickwww.pinehallbrick.com


Prosocowww.prosoco.com


Reward Wall Systemswww.RewardWalls.com


Xcel Energywww.ResponsibleByNature.com


U.S. Green Building Councilwww.usgbc.org/education

Page 2, 7 | Circle # 49, 65

ENVIRONMENTAL DESIGN & CONSTRUCTION Volume 14, Issue 11 (ISSN 1095-8932) is published 12 times annually, monthly, by BNP Media II, L.L.C., 2401 W. Big Beaver Rd., Suite 700, Troy, MI 48084-3333. Telephone:

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When you are through with this magazine, please do not throw it away. There is no “away.” Please pass it on

to a friend or colleague who you think might appreciate, learn and/or be inspired by this information.

Regional advertiser.

Todd EvansLEED AP BD+CProject ArchitectBlack & Veatch Corporation

“Having the LEED AP BD+C credential put my resumé at the top of the pile during my job search, and I was hired within a month. ”

Learn how Todd’s LEED AP Building Design + Construction credential sets him apart at www.gbci.org/Todd.


Free your mind and free your designs from the worries of that special color selection

sending your project over budget. Naturally resistant to mold and mildew, FLEXCO®

rubber fl oors are designed for durability, versatility and slip resistance, plus they’re

very quiet and comfortable under foot. Choose from textured, smooth, and

environmentally friendly tile, in colors and patterns to match any design or application,

from retail showrooms and hospitality areas to educational and healthcare facilities.

1.800.633.3151 | www.fl excofloors.com

educ

atio

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Visit us:Healthcare Design – Booth #439 NeoCon – Booth #2442

New FLEXCO® spray-gripTM adhesive – low VOC, low odor, sprayable adhesive – uses 80% less adhesive on jobs, and allows immediate foot traffi c after rolling. Water-based with up to 170 s/f coverage per can. FloorScore® approved. For use with rubber tile and sheet.

spray-gripTM

All products made in the U.S.A.


ed+c - november 2011

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