edb strategic plan 2011-2015
TRANSCRIPT
ii
TABLE OF CONTENTS List of Abbreviations & Acronyms
Minister’s Message
ii iv
Foreword v 1 Vision and Mission of the EDB 1 2 Overall Objectives of the EDB 2 3 Role and Scope of the EDB 3 4 Key Functions of the EDB 4 5 Key Issue Areas 7 6 Current Resources Available 11 7 Current Organization Structure of the EDB 11 8 SWOT Analysis of EDB 12 9 Performance of Export Sectors, 2007-2009
Major Projects implemented by the EDB, 2007-2009
14
10 Identification of Key Product Sectors(KPS) 41 11 Export Targets for Key Product Sectors, 2010-2015 42 12 Triggers/Barriers Analysis of Key Product Sectors (KPS) 43 13 Key Action Areas of Key Product Sectors (KPS):
Apparel Tea Rubber & rubber based products
Diamonds, gems & Jewellery
ICT/BPO/KPO
Food & other beverages
Spices & allied products
43
14 Key Action Areas of Other Product Sectors (OPS):
Fish & fisheries products
Coconut & coconut based products
Electrical & electronics
Printing & stationery
Boat Building
Professional services
Ceramics & other mineral based products
Fruits & vegetables
Toys, games & sports
Giftware & lifestyle products
Base metal products
Footwear & leather products
Wooden products
Floriculture
Ornamental fish
Handloom
Chemical & plastic products
49
15 Building a Team of Excellence at the EDB 58 16 Annexures
Annex I : Key personnel, profiles and skills 59 Annex II : Current Organization Structure of the EDB 70 Annex III : Rationale for the Identification of Key Product Sectors (KPS) 71 Annex IV : Export Targets of Other Product Sectors (OPS) 73 Annex V : Trigger/ Barrier Analysis for KPS & OPS 74 Annex VI : Financial Performance of the EDB 163 Annex VII : Summary of Export Performance, 2003-2009 164
iii
LIST OF ABBREVIATIONS AND ACRONYMS
APTA Asia Pacific Trade Agreement
BDS Business Development Services
BIA Bandaranayake International Airport
BOI Board of Investment
BPO Business Process Outsourcing
BTI Boat Technology Institute
CIS Commonwealth of Independent States
COP Cost of Production
DC Desiccated Coconut
DEA Department of Export Agriculture
EDB Export Development Board
EDCM Export Development Council of Ministers
EDI Electronic Data Interchange
EPV Export Production Village
EU European Union
EU-GSP European Union - General System of Preference
FDI Foreign Direct Investment
FTA Free Trade Agreement
GAP Good Agricultural Practices
GDP Gross Domestic Product
GI Geographical Indicator
GMP Good Manufacturing Practice
GTZ German Technology Co-operation
HACCP Hazard Analysis & Critical Control Process
HRD Human Resource Development
ICT Information & Communication Technology
IECA International Erosion Control Authority
ISFTA India Sri Lanka Free Trade Agreement
ISLFTA India Sri Lanka Free Trade Agreement
ISO International Organization for Standardization
IUCN International Union for Conservation of Nature
JAAF Joint Apparel Association Forum
KAA Key Action Areas
KPO Knowledge Process Outsourcing
KPS Key Product Sectors
NAFTA North American Free Trade Area
NCED National Council Economic Development
NEDP National Export Development Plan
NIP National Intellectual Property House
NOCA National Organic Certification Authority
NOCGL National Organic Certification [Guaranteed] Ltd
OFI Ornamental Fish International
OPS Other Product Sectors
PCB Printed Circuit Board
PPP Private Public Partnership
PSFTA Pakistan-Sri Lanka Free Trade Agreement
PTA Preferential Trade Agreement
R&D Research & Development
RFP Request For Proposal
RFQ Request For Quotation
iv
SAARC South Asian Association for Regional Co-operation
SEA Sustainable Energy Authority
SLPA Sri Lanka Port Authority
SLSI Sri Lanka Standards Institution
SME Small and Medium Enterprise
TRI Tea Research Institute
UAE United Arab Emirates
UK United Kingdom
USA United States of America
VAT Value Added Tax
v
Hon. Minister’s Message
I am very pleased to send this message on the occasion of launching the Strategic Plan -
2011 - 2015 prepared by the Sri Lanka Export Development Board (EDB).
The “Mahinda Chintana” , which stipulates the policy framework of the Government,
accords high priority for the development of the export sector with the objective of
enhancing foreign exchange earnings, creation of employment opportunities and
alleviation of poverty.
In this context, the EDB which spearheads the Government’s export development drive
has to play a key role in achieving the development objectives of the country. I am sure
that the Strategic Plan prepared by the EDB in consultation with the relevant
stakeholders will provide the necessary framework to achieve cohesion not only within
the EDB but, also among other relevant stakeholders. This approach is, of the utmost
importance to realize the projected export targets.
Further, in realizing the set targets in the export sector, it is imperative to establish a
Single Electronic Window System to facilitate the documentation process of exports. In
this context, assistance rendered by Hon. Basil Rajapakse, Minister of Economic
Development is greatly appreciated.
I wish to extend my good wishes for the successful implementation of this Strategic Plan
in collaboration with all the stakeholders.
Rishad Bathiudeen,
Minister of Industry and Commerce
vi
FOREWORD
The rapidly changing international trading environment, highlights the
importance of adopting a strategic approach to sustain the growth momentum of
our exports in existing markets and diversifying into new markets. The diverse
range of issues that emerge in facing these challenges require a competitive
response, if the desired goals of our export development efforts are to be
realized.
Exports contribute nearly 17% to the GDP of the country and as the national
export promotion organization, mandated to develop and promote exports from
Sri Lanka, the EDB has to play a leading role in achieving the national objectives,
as set out in the “Mahinda Chintana”.
This Strategic Plan prepared by the EDB elucidates the scope of the EDB and the
role that the EDB would play in developing and promoting exports from Sri
Lanka. It also focuses on specific product sectors which have a high export
potential. A trigger / barrier analysis was carried out for all the product sectors
to identify the key actions needed to achieve the export targets for each sector.
The strategy formulation process was facilitated by Prof. Uditha Liyanage,
Director of the Postgraduate Institute of Management in consultation with all the
Divisions of the EDB and with the Advisory Committee members. The
contribution made by the Management Team of the EDB, the other officers of the
EDB and Advisory Committee members, made it possible to complete the task
successfully. The strategy formulation process was coordinated by the Policy
and Planning Division of the EDB. I wish to express my sincere appreciation to
all those who were involved in the process.
The total commitment of all stakeholders is a key factor which will determine
the successful implementation of the Strategic Plan and I believe that, with the
dedication of all the officers and staff of the EDB, the goals set out in the Strategic
Plan will be achieved.
October, 2010 Chairman & Chief Executive
SRI LANKA EXPORT DEVELOPMENT BOARD
SRI LANKA EXPORT DEVELOPMENT BOARD
VISION
To be the most sought after destination for global sourcing in identified product
sectors.
MISSION
To be the nation’s leading catalyst organization for the development and
promotion of products and services for exports, to enhance global
competitiveness, maximize export earnings and achieve national economic
goals.
2
The intent of this Strategic Plan is to determine and define the specific roles of EDB
and to identify its key action areas, over a five year period, rather than develop a national
export strategy.
02. OVERALL OBJECTIVES OF EDB
01. To increase the country’s export value of products and
services to US$ 15 Bn. by 2015, in line with “Mahinda Chintana –
Vision for the Future”.
02. To increase exports to markets other than the EU and USA by over
50% by 2015, while consolidating the market position in the EU
and USA.
03. To pay particular attention to the seven identified key
product sectors, which will contribute over 80% of total export
value, and achieve significant growth in those sectors.
04. To project a more positive and a favourable image of Sri Lanka’s
exports as a whole, through the conduct of integrated marketing
communication programmes in selected markets.
05. To broad-base the beneficiaries of exports across the country and
sectors, including SMEs.
06. To build a team of excellence at the EDB, based on core
values, with particular emphasis on employee productivity and
commitment.
3
03. ROLE AND SCOPE OF EDB
The following five roles will be played by EDB in the development and
promotion of exports of Sri Lanka. They will indicate the scope of EDB’s
activities.
Role 01: Policy Adviser
1.1 Advise/recommend to the Export Development Council of Ministers
(EDCM) and Government on the National Export Policy and
programmes.
1.2 Formulate the National Export Development Plan (NEDP) and programmes with all relevant public and private sector stakeholders to achieve the development objectives of the government.
1.3 Champion the cause of exporters and provide “one voice” for them in policy formulation and presentation.
Role 02: Monitor
2.1 Measure and monitor the NEDP and other export development
activities.
Role 03: Promoter
3.1 Help formulate marketing strategies to enhance Sri Lankan exports.
3.2 Direct and co-ordinate market development activities through the Sri Lankan trade representatives and other agents abroad to ensure greater market access for exports.
3.3 Implement integrated product /market development programmes to expand/diversify exports.
Role 04: Facilitator
4.4 Function as the focal point to deal with all export-related issues.
4.5 Facilitate the development of the export of products and services.
Role 05: Knowledge Provider
5.1 Carry out export oriented surveys and research.
5.2 Provide trade information and advisory services.
4
04. KEY FUNCTIONS OF EDB
The following key functions will be performed by EDB in each of the identified
five roles of EDB.
1.0 Policy Adviser
1.1 Advise/recommend to the Export Development Council of Ministers
(EDCM) and Government on the National Export Policy and related
programmes.
� Reactivate EDCM, which is headed by H.E. The President.
� Recommend measures to maintain a conducive business environment
to enhance competitiveness of products and services exported.
� Propose measures to expand Sri Lanka’s trade through Trade
Agreements (bilateral/regional/multilateral).
� Advise the Board through the establishment and conduct of Advisory
Committees with private/public sector participation.
1.2 Formulate the National Export Development Plan (NEDP) and programmes
with all relevant public and private sector stakeholders to achieve the
development objectives of the government.
� Impose CESS and administer the Export Development Fund to
develop and promote exports.
� Initiate product, market and regional export development
programmes.
1.3 Champion the cause of exporters and provide “one voice” for them in policy
formulation and presentation.
2.0 Monitor
2.1 Implement and monitor the NEDP and other export development activities.
� Monitor export performance by major markets/products.
� Monitor the domestic and international business environment.
� Evaluate the output and outcome of export development programmes.
� Ensure that exports meet international standards and requirements.
3.0 Promoter
3.1 Formulate marketing strategies to enhance Sri Lankan exports.
� Conduct market surveys/research to identify barriers and triggers,
market trends and consumer behaviour.
� Organize appropriate market promotion activities, i.e., participation in
international trade fairs/exhibitions/single country exhibitions, inward
5
buying missions, outward promotion missions, contact promotion
programmes, road shows, establishment of display centres/windows,
etc.
� Implement an integrated marketing communication programme to
raise awareness of Sri Lankan exports.
� Implement programmes for national branding and assisting brand
development programmes of exporters.
� Implement assistance schemes to encourage the private sector to
export.
3.2 Direct and co-ordinate market development activities through the Sri
Lankan trade representatives and other agents abroad to ensure greater
market access for exports.
� Identify existing trade channels in markets and select appropriate
methods for export promotion.
� Implement programmes to motivate and obtain the services of
overseas trade-related agencies and the Sri Lankan diaspora to
promote Sri Lankan products and services.
3.3 Implement integrated product/market development programmes to
expand/diversify exports.
� Develop new capacities and enhance the competencies of the export
community.
� Encourage investment for export oriented R&D and product
development/adaptation (designs, packaging, etc.).
� Develop export oriented SMEs and promote linkages between
exporters and ‘farmer/producer’ clusters.
� Recognize and reward exporters for their outstanding contribution to
the national economy.
� Organize local/international trade exhibitions and other trade events in
Sri Lanka (such as EXPO).
� Implement budget proposals relating to the promotion of exports.
4.0 Facilitator
4.1 Function as the focal point to deal with all export-related Issues.
� Co-ordinate with and catalyse the efforts of export sector-specific
organizations/associations such as JAAF, NCED, Chambers, Exporters’
Associations, Product Associations, etc.
� Network with all trade related international and local agencies,
Research & Development, BDS, technical assistance, etc.
� Discuss and resolve export related issues, i.e., “Exporters’ Forum”.
6
4.2 Facilitate the development of exports of products and services.
� Profile Sri Lanka’s products/services and producers/suppliers.
� Provide financing for exports.
� Provide e-commerce and promote e-trading for exports.
� Work with relevant agencies by providing product-specific inputs for
trade negotiations.
� Enhance competitiveness of value chain to obtain national/
international standards, Quality Certification, etc.
� Facilitate local infrastructure development and export related services.
5.0 Knowledge Provider
5.1 Carry out export oriented surveys and research.
� Conduct product/market specific research/studies.
� Disseminate findings among the business community.
� Network with other related organizations.
5.2 Provide trade information and advisory services.
� Develop and maintain a reliable and demand-driven integrated
information system (Trade Library, etc.)
� Prepare publications on exports and promotional materials.
� Conduct awareness and skills development programmes.
� Provide specific training for the exporter community.
7
05. KEY ISSUE AREAS
The following cross-cutting and underpinning issue areas have to be addressed
in order that the identified roles can be effectively played by EDB.
01 Conducive business environment for export development. (Policy
Advisor)
- A stable and pragmatic National Export Policy which is geared
towards achieving a sustainable high export growth.
- Fiscal and monetary policies to contain inflationary pressure on
cost of production.
- A realistic exchange rate to ensure a reasonable return in rupee
terms for exporters.
- Concessionary rates for tariffs on consumables such as electricity,
gas, etc.
- Maintain a uniform package of fiscal incentives for all exporters.
02 Create strategic and efficient institutional arrangements to meet specific
needs of exporters. (Policy Advisor & Facilitator)
- Reactivate the Export Development Council of Ministers (EDCM).
- Strengthen EDB and other export-related line agencies by
providing required resources.
- Channel proceeds of CESS to the relevant agencies to be ploughed
back into the industry.
- Ensure private-public partnerships in export development efforts.
03 Ensure the availability of export financing under favourable terms
(Facilitator)
- Provide soft loan facilities for export related investment and
working capital needs.
- Provide export financing on the basis of feasibility of the project
rather than collateral alone.
- Establish an ExIm Bank to cater to specific financial needs of
exporters and to facilitate import/export transactions more
effectively.
8
04 Establish a well-defined land-use policy to improve productivity and to
promote export-oriented investment. (Facilitator)
- Strengthen the Land Data Bank at national and provincial levels to
facilitate prospective investors.
- Establish a single facilitation centre for land related issues to reduce
“red tape” and cumbersome procedures.
05 Optimize the use of labour resources to gain productivity and efficiency
through the rationalizing labour regulations and implementing
targeted human resource development programmes. (Facilitator)
- Rationalize labour laws to establish a business friendly labour
market, which also guarantees the rights of employees.
- Harmonize and nationalize human resource development
programmes, including university education and vocational
training.
- Establish linkages between the export sector and research/training
institutes and universities to create new competencies within the
export industry.
06 Establish industry standards to ensure that exported products and
services meet the requirements of overseas buyers and to establish Sri
Lanka’s position in the global market as a source of quality goods and
services. (Facilitator, Knowledge Provider)
- Develop the technical infrastructure necessary for testing,
inspection and certification in accordance with internationally
accepted conformity-assessment procedures.
- Strengthen SLSI and other local institutions to issue quality
certificates required by other countries.
- Disseminate information on international quality requirements and
locally available resources.
- Encourage and assist exporters to obtain quality certification.
9
07 Simplify and rationalize trade documentation and import/export
procedures to reduce transaction cost. (Facilitator)
- Review existing import/export procedures, duty free schemes, and
VAT Deferment/Suspension schemes to create a level playing field for
non-BOI exporters vis-a-vis BOI exporters.
- Expedite refund mechanism for VAT and duty rebate claims to remove
cash flow difficulties.
- Establish a single window or one-stop Centre for import and export
documentation with EDI network.
- Provide a priority channel for perishable cargo at the Airport/SLPA.
08 Promote a proactive foreign investment campaign, which targets key
competitive sectors and source countries. (Facilitator)
- Launch an aggressive promotional campaign to attract foreign
investments for key emerging sectors of the economy.
09 Ensure regular availability of competitively priced packaging and
packaging materials that comply with international standards.
(Facilitator, Knowledge Provider)
- Strengthen the National Packaging Centre as a centre of technical
excellence to provide services such as raw material testing,
certification, designing, quality assurance and training, etc.
- Establish a system for R&D and HRD.
10 Productive infrastructure development. (Facilitator)
- Develop proper facilities to handle perishable and high value cargo at
the Airport.
- Set up an adequate marketing infrastructure in the provinces to handle
agricultural and fisheries products.
- Encourage the private sector to invest in infrastructure development
projects, i.e., low cost power generation projects, etc.
11 Encourage export related Research & Development activities. (Facilitator)
- Establish a Fund for R&D activities
- Strengthen the capacity of existing R&D institutions to link with the
industry for a demand-driven work programme.
10
12 Comprehensive Market Development Programme and National Branding
Programme. (Knowledge Provider, Facilitator, Promoter)
- Provide of efficient and accurate market intelligence.
- Optimize services of Sri Lankan Missions abroad and the Sri
Lankan diaspora as channels for market intelligence and promoting
Sri Lankan products & services.
- Develop a Sector and/or Nation Branding Strategy using local and
foreign expertise.
- Establish a Fund to support National Brand Promotion
programmes.
- Establish a communication strategy in collaboration with the media
and Sri Lanka’s Missions abroad.
- Organize multi channel sale centres under one roof for Sri Lankan
manufacturers and exporters.
- Launch appropriate market promotion programmes, i.e., trade
fairs, contact promotion missions, display centres/windows, road
shows in target markets.
- Organize export promotion events to showcase Sri Lankan
products and services. e.g. Expo – 2011.
- Bilateral/Regional/Multilateral trade negotiations to ensure greater
preferential access to key markets.
11
06. CURRENT RESOURCES AVAILABLE:
Key Personnel: Profiles & skills
The Sri Lanka Export Development Board (EDB) as the National Institute responsible for
the promotion, development and facilitation of Sri Lankan exports, assisting and
coordinating of all state and private sector organizations, associations, industries,
manufacturing enterprises and individuals involved in exporting products and services
to market the world over, needs to maintain a skilled and updated workforce.
According to the organizational structure, the cadre of the SLEDB is as follows:
Executive Staff : 119
Non Executive : 141
For job profiles please refer Annex I.
07. CURRENT ORGANIZATION STRUCTURE OF EDB
The current Organization structure is illustrated in Annex II.
Structural changes have been proposed in keeping with the overall strategy of the EDB.
They will be effected after obtaining approval of the Department of Management
Services, General Treasury.
12
08. SWOT ANALYSIS OF THE EDB
Strengths
1. Established under an Act of Parliament.
2. Apex State organization for export development.
3. A qualified and professional workforce with wide experience.
4. EDB’s Board of Directors are well represented by key Ministries at the
highest level.
5. Private sector participation in the Board and in Advisory Committees
with representations from leading business sectors and enterprises.
6. Existence of a provincial network of offices.
7. Close rapport with relevant local and international agencies, Chamber
and Trade Associations.
Weaknesses
1. Dormant Export Development Council of Ministers.
2. Inadequate priority for and focus on high-value niche product/market
sectors.
3. Inadequate efforts to conduct research studies on policy matters, trade
related issues and competitiveness of export products in international
markets.
4. Absence of an innovative stimulus package, particularly for key
product sectors.
5. Inadequate resources for and lack of delegation of authority to
provincial offices.
6. Lack of rapport with leading exporters.
7. Absence of robust mechanisms to motivate and reward staff.
8. Frequent changes in supervising Ministries, line Ministries and higher
management positions.
13
Opportunities
1) Recognition of export development by the Government as a thrust area for
development.
2) Government’s interest in strengthening regional co-operation and intra-
regional trade.
3) Emergence of friendly nations of Sri Lanka as potential destinations for
export (China, Russia, Ukraine, etc.).
4) Availability of the untapped potential of land and sea areas in the North
and East that could be exploited for economic development.
5) Preferential access to different markets under FTAs, PTAs and other Trade
Agreements.
6) Presence of a strong network of Sri Lankan Commercial Attaches and non-
resident Sri Lankans around the globe.
7) Interest shown by the Government in bilateral, multilateral and regional
trade relations.
8) Exporters’ confidence in the EDB.
Threats
1) Non-availability of a systematic funding mechanism to carry out planned
development activities.
2) Existence of other organizations, replicating EDB’s activities.
3) Increasing turbulence in the international economic and political arena.
14
09. PERFORMANCE OF EXPORT SECTORS 2007- 2009
Introduction
The export sector of Sri Lanka which achieved satisfactory growth rates [in
terms of value] of 8.5% and 11% in 2006 and 2007 respectively grew at a
slower pace of 6.5% during the year 2008. The setback experienced by the
sector since the latter part of 2008 following the global economic slowdown
continued even during the year 2009 by registering a disappointing
negative growth rate of 12.9%.
Encouragingly, as depicted in the chart below, the export earnings have
shown signs of recovery during the latter part of 2009 with positive
developments in the global economy.
QUARTERLY PERFORMANCE OF EXPORTS 2008 & 2009
1547
18782010
2262
19871642
1930
1965
0
500
1000
1500
2000
2500
1st Q 2nd Q 3rd Q 4th Q 1st Q 2nd Q 3rd Q 4th Q
Val
ue
[US
$ M
n]
2008 2009Period
15
Overall Export Performance
The graph below shows the export performance in 2009 in compared to
2007 and 2008. It reveals that export earnings dropped by 12.9% in 2009
reflecting contractions in major categories of exports the agricultural and
industrial [please also see annexed Tables] the contribution made by the
major categories of exports to the overall performance of the export sector is
depicted in the following section.
Export Performance by Major Categories
Table 1 below gives the export performance of major categories during the
period 2007 to 2009 in US dollar terms.
Table 1 : Export Performance by Major Categories 2007, 2008 and 2009
[US$ Mn.]
2007
Value
2008 2009 %
Share Value Growth Value Growth
Agricultural products 1495.79 1833.00 22.51% 1666.58 -9.05% 23.52%
Fisheries products 170.76 173.67 1.69% 179.11 3.13% 2.53%
Industrial products 5868.10 6032.5 2.80% 5152.69 -14.58% 72.73%
Others 105.31 98.03 -6.91% 86.14 -12.13% 1.22%
Total Exports 7639.97 8136.97 6.50% 7084.52 -12.93% 100.0%
Source : Sri Lanka Customs.
OVERALLL EXPORT PERFORMANCE - 2007, 2008 & 2009
7640
7084
8137
500052005400560058006000620064006600680070007200740076007800800082008400
2007 2008 2009
Year
Val
ue
[US
$ M
n]
6.5% -12.9%
16
Agricultural exports which account for 24% of total export earnings
decreased by 9.05% in 2009 to US$ 1667 Mn. All major products in the
agricultural sector [tea, rubber, coconut kernel products, spices & other
export crops] except coconut fibre based products and vegetables recorded
substantial set-backs during this period. The fisheries export sector, which
accounts for 3% of total export earnings, recorded a marginal positive
growth of 3.13% due to poor performance of aquarium fish and fresh fish.
Other categories of the fisheries sector recorded positive growth rates.
Industrial exports which accounted for 73% of the total export earnings
declined significantly by 14% contributing to the overall poor performance
of the export sector. Performance of almost all the product sectors in this
category including textile and garments dropped substantially during this
period.
Composition of Exports
The graph below shows the composition of exports at a disaggregated level
during the period under review. It reveals that nearly 63% of total export
earnings of Sri Lanka were derived from two products, namely garments
[44%] and tea [17%]. Nearly 80% of the total export turnover comes from
only seven products.
Considering the adverse effects of high dependency on a few products, it is
essential to broaden the export base of Sri Lanka through horizontal
diversification, i.e., widening the range of exports and vertical
diversification of exports at different stages of value addition to capture
more value from products that are exported from Sri Lanka. However, this
does not mean a shift in focus on the key sectors.
Composition of Exports by Products - 2009
Garments42.6%
Information & Com. Services
3.3%
Food & beverages
2.6%
Fish products
2.3%
Others23.4%
Rubber Products
5.3%
Diamonds4.3%
Tea16.2%
16
17
Performance of Major Product Sectors
Tea
Earnings from the export of tea crossed the US$ 1Bn. mark in 2007 and
registered a substantial growth rate of 24% in 2008. They dropped by 6.7%
to US$ 1185 Mn. in 2009. Export earnings from tea declined sharply by 19%
during the 1st half of 2009, however, improved during the latter part of 2009.
The total volume of tea exported has also declined by 9.4% during this
period.
Export earnings from bulk tea, which represent nearly half of total earnings
from tea, declined by 4.5% while tea packets and instant tea declined by
6.3% and 14.2% respectively in 2009. However earnings from tea bags
which accounted for nearly 15% of total tea exports grew by 5% during
2009.
Earnings from the export of bulk tea to almost all markets except Syria
[17%] and Kuwait [63%] dropped substantially during this period. Export
of bulk tea to Russia [-15%], Iran [-10%] and U.A.E. [-15%] and export of
packeted tea to Russia [-20%], Jordan [-9%], U.A.E. [-49%] and Iraq [-10%]
dropped in 2009. Increased export of tea packets were registered to Syria
[18%], Turkey [57%], Iran [4%] and Libya [13%] in 2009.
Earnings from the export of tea bags to key markets, i.e., Syria [20%], Jordan
[16%], Japan [25%] and U.A.E. [16%] increased while exports to Russia [-5%]
and Australia [-8%] dropped during this period.
Natural Rubber
Export earnings from all categories of natural rubber, i.e., crepe rubber
[-41%], sheet rubber [-0.02%] and block rubber [-17%] declined during this
period contributing to overall poor performance of natural rubber exports
[-21%] in 2009. Depressed demand in the international market consequent
to the global economic downturn could be attributed to this drop registered
by the natural rubber sector.
However, in terms of volume, exports of rubber increased by 15% in 2009.
Therefore, the lower prices that prevailed in the international market could
be attributed to this drop in earnings experienced by the export of natural
rubber.
18
Export of natural rubber [in value terms] to India [41%], Malaysia [19%] and
China [10%] increased during this period. However exports to other key
markets Pakistan [-35%], USA [-61%], Germany [-59%], Japan [-54%], Italy [-
25%] and Singapore [-47%] declined significantly in 2009.
Coconut Kernel Products
Export earnings from desiccated coconut [DC], which alone accounted for
67% of the total export of coconut kernel products, declined by 23% in 2009.
In contrast, the volume of DC exported during this period increased by
17%, reflecting lower international prices fetched during this period.
Except from Pakistan, export earnings of DC from other major markets
U.A.E. [-37%], Egypt [-21%] and Saudi Arabia [-6%] declined during this
period.
Earnings from the export of copra declined by 73% due to reduced imports
from Pakistan [-73%].
Earnings from the export of coconut oil and fresh coconuts grew by 12.5%
and 31% respectively during 2009. Earnings from the export of coconut oil
to USA increased significantly by 75% in 2009.
Coconut Fibre-based Products
Earnings from coconut fibre-based products increased substantially by
17.7% in 2009 due to increased exports of bristle fibre [196%], mattress fibre
[78%], coco peat [51%], coir yarn [29%] and coconut shell charcoal [15%].
However, the export of mixed coir fibre declined by 29% during the period
under review.
The export of mattress fibre to China rose by 152% and the export of coco
peat to almost all markets - France, South Korea and Netherlands - grew
remarkably during this period.
19
Spices
The export of spices dropped substantially by 24% [in value terms] in 2009
due to the reduced export of pepper [-22%], cinnamon [-10%], cloves [64%],
nutmeg & mace [-10%] and cardamom [-10%].
The export of cinnamon, which accounted for 64% of total earnings of spices
to the main markets Mexico and USA, declined by 7% and 9% respectively
during this period.
Export of pepper which accounted for 18% of the total export value of
spices declined by 22% due to reduced exports to India in 2009.
Export earnings from cloves also dropped by 64% due to decreased exports
to India [-66%] in 2009.
Essential Oils
Earnings from the export of essential oils declined by 38% due to reduced
exports to USA [-54.2%] in 2009.
Fruits & Vegetables
Earnings from export of fruits declined by 12% during 2009. Except to
U.A.E. [11%], the export of fruits to Maldives [-23%], India [-14%] and
Germany [-14%] declined during this period.
In contrast, earnings from the export of vegetables increased impressively
by 23% in 2009. Except to the Maldives [-29%] the export of vegetables to
other markets, i.e., U.A.E. [11%], Saudi Arabia [263%] and U.K. [55%], grew
significantly during this period.
Cutflowers & Foliage
Earnings from this sector too declined drastically by 19% due to poor
exports to all key markets, i.e., the Netherlands [-18%], Japan [-3%],
Germany [-10%] and U.K. [-27.1%] in 2009.
20
Other Export Crops
Export earnings from other export crops cashew [-18%], unmanufactured
tobacco [-15%], betel leaves [-10%], and arecanuts [-56%] too declined
substantially during this period.
Aquarium Fish
Export earnings from aquarium fish too declined by 5.1% during 2009 due
to reduced exports to Germany [-34%], U.K. [-53%] and France [-2.13].
However, the export of aquarium fish to USA [9%] and Japan [3.4%] grew
during this period.
Crustaceans
Export earnings from prawns [23%], lobsters [25%] and crabs [52%]
increased significantly during this period due to increased exports to Japan,
the Maldives, the USA and Singapore.
Other Fish Products
Earnings from the major category of this sector-frozen fish-grew by 11.8%
due to increased exports to EU member countries. However, earnings from
the export of fresh fish [-50%] and preserved fish [-15%] declined during
this period.
Diamonds, Gems & Jewellery
Export earnings from diamonds, gems and jewellery declined drastically by
25%, 32% and 22% respectively during this year due mainly to the global
economic crisis that prevailed during this period.
Textiles & Garments
Earnings from all the major categories of this sector, i.e., garments [-4.9%],
woven fabrics [-8.6%] and other made up textile articles [-30%] declined
during this period. The export of garments, which accounted for 44% of
total export earnings in 2009, dropped in major markets, i.e., the USA
[-13.4%], the U.K. [-2.6%], Belgium [-7%]. However, the export of garments
21
to Italy [7.9%], Germany [10%], the Netherlands [27%] and France [3%]
grew during this period.
Computer & Information Services
According to the Annual Report 2009 of the Central Bank, export earnings
from computer and information services increased from US$ 230 Mn. in
2008 to US$ 245 Mn. in 2009, registering a growth rate of 6.5%.
Food & Beverages
Reduced export earnings from processed fruits & juices [-9%], processed
food [-44%], beverages [-36%] and manufactured tobacco [-12%] contributed
to the overall poor performance of -16.3% reported by the food & beverages
sector. However, earnings from export of confectionaries increased by
22.31% during 2009.
The export of processed food to India declined from US$ 172 Mn in 2007 to
US$ 2.13 Mn in 2009 due to reduced exports of Vansapathi to India. Export
earnings from other processed food categories to U.K. [19%], the Maldives
[7.8%] and U.A.E. [3.6%] grew during this period.
The export of confectionaries and bakery products to India [201%] and
Ghana [44%] increased [in terms of value] impressively during this period.
Earnings from the export of beverages to Italy [-84%] declined while the
export of manufactured tobacco to Italy dropped by 54% during 2009.
Leather & Leather Products
Reduced export earnings from raw hides [-42%], travel goods [-34%] and
leather clothing accessories [-11%] contributed to the overall poor
performance [-18.7%] of the leather-based exports during this period.
Earnings from the export of travel goods to the U.K. [-7%], Germany [-39%]
and the USA [-22%] declined during this period.
The export of leather clothing accessories to Germany [-12%] and the USA
[-38%] dropped [in value terms] during this period while exports to the
USA increased by 8.7%.
22
Footwear
Export earnings from footwear declined substantially by 20% in 2009 due to
reduced exports of leather footwear [-22%], which accounted for 93% of
total earnings from the export of footwear. In contrast, export earnings
from the export of rubber footwear grew by 18.8% during this period.
Except to France [112%], export earnings from leather footwear to all major
markets Italy [-34%] and the U.K. [-13.8%] declined during this period.
Earnings from the export of rubber footwear to Australia [53%] and India
[110%] grew during this period.
Wooden Products
The drop in export earnings from MDF boards [-62%], furniture [-18.5%],
wooden craft items [-5%] and broomsticks [-25%] contributed to the overall
poor export performance of wooden products [-38.8%].
Earnings from the export of MDF boards to key markets-India [-66%],
U.A.E. [-35%], Iran [-79%] and Pakistan [-24%] - dropped significantly
during this period.
The export of furniture to India declined by 29% [in value terms] in 2009.
The export of wooden crafts to the USA increased marginally by 1.2% while
the export of broomsticks to the USA declined by 39% during this period.
Paper Products
Earnings from paper products declined by -8.6% during 2009 due to
reduced export earnings from paper pulp [-31%], stationery [-7%] and
books and printed materials [-45%].
Export earnings from both paper pulp [-31%] and stationery [-25.8%] to
India dropped substantially during this period, contributing to the overall
poor performance of the sector. However, earnings from export of
stationery to Germany [40%] and the U.K. [1.6%] increased during this
period.
23
Rubber Products
Export earnings from rubber products declined significantly by 29% during
2009. Except from unhardened rubber [61%], earnings from all other
categories in this sector, i.e., tyres & tubes [-36.6%], apparel clothing
accessories [-2.9%], articles of unhardened rubber [-42%] and rubber thread
[-86%] declined during this period.
Earnings from export of tyres and tubes, which accounted for 56% of total
earnings from the rubber product sector to all major markets, i.e., the USA
[-26.6%], Germany [-42.5%], Belgium [-36%] and Italy [-34%] dropped
substantially during this period.
Export earnings from clothing accessories to the USA [-2%] and the U.K.
[-5.5%] dropped while exports to Germany [7.2%] and India [15%] grew
during this period.
The export of articles of unhardened rubber to all major markets USA [-
37.5%], Sweden [-46%], France [-57%] and Germany [-34%] dropped [in
value terms] during this period.
Chemical & Plastic Products
Earnings from the export of chemical & plastic products too declined by
11% during this period due to decreased exports of organic & inorganic
products [43.7%], pharmaceuticals [-9.9%], tanning & paints etc. [-7%]
and plastic products [-30%]. However, earnings from the export of
perfumes & cosmetic products [4.5%], washing preparations [7.9%],
adhesives [10.7%] and activated carbon [24.7%] increased during 2009.
Earnings from the export of activated carbon to key markets - the USA
[11.1%], Italy [77.8%] and China [56.5%] - grew substantially during this
period.
Non-Metallic Mineral Products
Most of the products in this category, i.e., ceramic & porcelain [-25.6%]
natural sands [-26.4%], mineral sands [-15.7%] graphite [-35%], articles of
stones [-39.8%], reported reduced export earnings while earnings from glass
& glassware grew by over 100% during 2009.
24
Earnings from the export of ceramic and porcelain products to the USA
[-32%], Australia [-4.6%] and Germany [-28%] declined during this period,
while exports to Japan grew by 5.7%.
The export of glassware to India increased significantly by 172% in 2009.
Other Manufactured Products
Export earnings from other products in the manufactures category, i.e.,
petroleum products [-49%], general machinery & parts [-39%], electrical &
electronic products [-42%] transport equipment & parts [-19%], articles of
moulding materials [-32%], toys & sports requisites [-9.7%], too declined
during this period, contributing to the overall poor performance of the
industrial export sector.
Export Performance by Major Markets
Composition of Markets
The graph below illustrates the penetration of Sri Lankan exports into
various markets during the year 2009, in terms of value.
It reveals that nearly 67% of total exports of Sri Lanka were absorbed by
only nine countries during the period under review which reflects the
concentration of our exports on a few markets. The USA and the UK alone
absorbed 38% of our total exports. Key EU member countries, i.e.,
Germany, Italy, Belgium, and the Netherlands still dominate as our main
export destinations. India, which emerged as the third main export
destination for Sri Lanka in 2005, was unable to sustain its position in spite
of ISFTA.
25
Exports by Regions
The graph below illustrates the export performance of Sri Lanka by major
regions during the year 2009.
EXPORT PERFORMANCE BY MAJOR REGIONS IN 2009
EU, 38%
NAFTA, 24%
Middle East, 10%
Other Asian
countries, 9%
SAARC, 6%
Others, 9%
CIS, 4%
COMPOSITION OF MARKETS - 2009
USA 23%
Others33%
U.K. 15%
Italy6%
Belgium5%Germany
5%India5%
Russia3% U.A.E.
3%
Netherlands2%
26
It is evident that 38% of the total export earnings of Sri Lanka were derived
from European Union member countries [EU] while 24% of total exports
were derived from North American Free Trade Area [NAFTA] dominated
by the USA, during 2009. The [product-wise analysis for key markets is
given in the following sections].
Middle East countries which form the main export market for Sri Lankan
tea has absorbed 10% [in terms of value] of our total exports.
Despite the Free Trade Agreements with India and Pakistan, Sri Lanka’s
exports to SAARC countries remained low at 6%, while exports to other
Asian countries accounted for 9% of total exports of Sri Lanka. Exports to
CIS countries, which are our main importers of tea, absorbed only 4% of our
total exports in 2009.
Exports to EU Region
The Table below presents Sri Lanka’s exports to the EU region, which
absorbed nearly 38% of total exports [in value terms] of Sri Lanka.
Sri Lanka’s exports to EU region, which grew by 4.8% in 2008 [in value
terms], dropped by 9.4% in 2009.
Table 2 : Exports to EU region during 2007, 2008 & 2009
US$ Mn
Product
2007
2008 2009
Share Value Growth Value Growth
Garments 1424.37 1601.98 12.47% 1629.76 1.73% 59.6%
Diamonds 260.60 267.05 2.48% 227.25 -14.90% 8.3%
Frozen fish 92.96 105.28 13.25% 118.37 12.43% 4.3%
Tyres & tubes 152.42 156.01 2.36% 85.04 -45.49% 3.1%
Transport
equipment and
parts
40.80 50.81 24.53% 51.10 0.57% 1.8%
Apparel
accessories
46.14 44.16 -4.29% 44.92 1.72% 1.6%
Tea in bulk 57.93 55..60 -4.02% 35.83 -35.56% 1.3%
Tea packets 25.25 35.03 38.73% 34.54 -1.40% 1.3%
27
Product
2007
2008 2009
Share Value Growth Value Growth
Electrical
machinery and
parts
64.76 45.75 -29.36% 32.32 -29.36% 1.2%
Others 711.66 654.89 -7.98 475.11 -27.45% 17.5%
TOTAL 2876.89 3016.56 4.85% 2734.24 -9.36% 100.0% Source : Sri Lanka Customs
The above Table also reveals that nearly 84% of total export earnings from
the EU region were derived only from nine products, and garments alone
accounted for nearly 60%of our total export earnings derived from the EU
region. Garment exports to the EU region registered a marginal growth of
1.7% in 2009. Except from frozen fish which grew substantially by 12.4%,
earnings from other key products dropped during this period. Tyres &
tubes [-45.5%], tea in bulk [-35.6%], diamonds [-14.9%] and electrical
machinery & parts [-29.4%] dropped significantly while tea packets
registered a marginal drop of 1.4% in 2009.
Despite the EU-GSP plus concessions available to Sri Lanka, exports to the
EU region performed poorly during 2009, reflecting the consequences of the
global economic meltdown.
Exports to the USA
The Table below gives the export performance by products in the USA
market, which accounted for nearly 92% of total export earnings of Sri
Lanka to the NAFTA region and 23% of total export earnings of Sri Lanka
during 2009.
Nearly 81% of earnings from total exports to the USA were derived only
from one single product, i.e., garments. Exports of garments to the USA
declined substantially by 13.4% contributing to an overall negative
performance of 15.7% in the USA market.
28
Table 3 : Exports to USA during 2007, 2008 & 2009
US$ Mn
Product
2007
2008 2009
Share Value Growth Value Growth
Garments 1570.43 1484.12 -5.50% 1285.16 -13.41% 80.8%
Tyres & tubes 79.42 80.99 1.98% 59.42 -26.63% 3.7%
Apparel
accessories
31.58 34.20 8.30% 33.51 -2.02% 2.1%
Gems 44.49 43.01 -3.33% 23.36 -45.69% 1.5%
Activated carbon 12.41 16.37 31.91% 18.19 11.12% 1.1%
Plastic products 22.82 22.03 -3.46% 14.45 -34.41% 0.9%
Articles of
unhardened
rubber
10.15 18.00 7.34% 11.25 -37.50% 0.7%
Cinnamon 8.13 8.52 4.80% 7.74 -9.15% 0.5%
Jewellery 8.22 6.11 -25.67% 7.21 18.00% 0.4%
Ceramic &
porcelain
products
11.35 9.89 -12.86% 6.73 -31.95% 0.4%
Others 180.45 161.75 -10.36% 122.28 -24.40% 7.9%
TOTAL 1979.45 1884.99 -4.77% 1589.30 -15.69% 100.0% Source : Sri Lanka Customs.
Except for earnings from activated carbon [11.1%] and jewellery [18%],
which recorded substantial positive growth rates, the other main sectors
declined during this period. Reduced export earnings from tyres & tubes [-
26.6%], apparel accessories [-2%], gems [-45.7%], plastic products [-34.4%],
articles of unhardened rubber [-37.5%], cinnamon [-9.15%] and ceramic
and porcelain [-31.9%] caused the overall poor performance of Sri Lanka’s
exports in the USA market.
Exports to India
The Table below gives the export performance in the Indian market by
major products during 2009.
29
Exports to India which accounted for 4.6% of the total export earnings of Sri
Lanka declined significantly by 22% in spite of the preferential access
granted under the Indo-Sri Lanka Free Trade Agreement [ISFTA].
Exports to India have been declining since 2007 due mainly to restrictions
imposed on imports of “Vanaspathi” by India and exports of copper waste
& scrap by Sri Lanka.
The 11 main products exported to India, which accounted for nearly 54% of
total export earnings derived from India, five sectors registered negative
growth rates, electrical machinery & parts [-43%], pepper [-15%], paper
pulp [-32%], woven fabrics [-14%], copper & copper products [-19%] and
cloves [-66%].
Table 4 : Exports to India by Products 2007, 2008 & 2009
US$ Mn
Product
2007
2008 2009
Share Value Growth Value Growth
Electrical
machinery & parts
49.31 51.19 3.81% 29.30 -42.76% 9.0%
Machinery & parts 9.30 19.11 105.48% 27.97 46.36% 8.6%
Sheet rubber 9.60 0.75 11.98% 20.39 89.67% 6.3%
Ships & boats 14.80 15.04 1.62% 18.41 22.41% 5.7%
Pepper 19.95 17.64 -
11.58%
14.98 -15.08% 4.6%
Pulp 15.28 19.00 24.35% 13.00 -31.58% 4.0%
Woven fabrics 15.91 14.06 -
11.63%
12.10 -13.94% 3.7%
Copper & copper
products
27.91 13.61 -
51.24%
11.05 -18.81% 3.4%
Glass & glassware 2.06 3.97 92.72% 10.82 172.54% 3.3%
Cloves 8.38 30.96 269.45% 10.42 -66.34% 3.2%
Garments 4.18 5.16 23.44% 6.81 31.98% 2.1%
Others 338.96 218.07 -35.66% 149.60 -31.39% 46.1%
TOTAL 515.64 418.56 -18.83% 324.85 -22.39% 100.0% Source : Sri Lanka Customs.
30
However, earnings from general machinery & parts [46%], sheet rubber
[89%], ships & boats [22%], glass & glassware [173%] and garments [32%]
grew during this period.
It is also important to note that despite the concessions granted for tea and
garments under ISFTA, the performance of these sectors in the Indian
market was minimal. However encouragingly, export earnings from these
two products to India, i.e., garments [32%] and bulk tea [233%] increased
during 2009.
Exports to Pakistan
The Table below illustrates the export performance by products in the
Pakistan market, which absorbed 0.8% of total exports of Sri Lanka in 2009.
The table indicates that earnings from exports to Pakistan dropped by 22.3%
during the period 2009. It also reveals that 75% of earnings from total
exports to Pakistan were derived from only 11 products, most of them in
primary form.
This reflects that Sri Lanka has not yet geared itself to exploit the full
potential of the Pakistan market, utilizing the Pakistan-Sri Lanka Free Trade
Agreement [PSFTA].
Table 5 : Export Performance of Key Products 2007, 2008 & 2009
US$ Mn
Product
2007
2008 2009
Share Value Growth Value Growth
Sheet rubber 10.21 13.18 29.09% 9.87 -25.11% 17.8%
Betel leaves 4.06 6.61 62.81% 5.95 -9.98% 10.7%
Desiccated coconut 4.31 2.34 -45.71% 5.06 116.24% 9.1%
Tea in bulk 1.54 3.81 147.40% 4.75 24.67% 8.6%
Coconut fresh nuts 3.05 2.51 -17.70% 3.96 57.77% 7.1%
Copra 10.50 12.87 22.57% 3.41 -73.50% 6.1%
Crepe rubber 2.78 3.51 26.26% 1.63 -53.56% 2.9%
Woven fabrics 0.50 0.99 98.00% 1.56 57.58% 2.8%
Tyres & tubes 0.77 0.58 -24.68% 1.55 167.24% 2.6%
Block rubber 1.13 1.63 44.25% 1.34 -17.79% 2.4%
31
Product
2007
2008 2009
Share Value Growth Value Growth
Pepper 2.09 1.02 -57.20% 1.24 21.57% 2.2%
Others 14.44 122.33 54.63% 15.15 -32.15% 27.5%
TOTAL 55.38 71.38 28.89% 55.47 -22.29% 100.0%
Source : Sri Lanka Customs.
Export earnings from sheet rubber [-25%], betel leaves [-9.98%], copra [-
73%], crepe rubber [-53.56%] and block rubber [-17.8%] declined
substantially during this period.
However, earnings from exports of desiccated coconut [116%], bulk tea
[24.6%], coconut fresh nuts [57.8%], woven fabrics [57.6%], tyres & tubes
[167%] and pepper [21.6%] increased in 2009.
Balance of Trade
The performance of external trade during the period 2007 to 2009 is
illustrated in the following graph.
EXTERNAL TRADE PERFORMANCE - 2007 - 2009
7640 81377084
11297
14008
9883
-3657
-5871
-2799
-10000
-5000
0
5000
10000
15000
20000
2007 2008 2009
Year
Val
ue
[US
$ M
n]
6.5%
24%
-12.9%
-29.4%
32
Earnings from exports and expenditure on imports increased by 6.5% and
24% respectively in 2008. In contrast, both exports and imports of Sri Lanka
declined substantially by 12.9% and 29.4% respectively during 2009.
Accordingly, the trade deficit decreased by 52% in 2009 compared to that of
2008. However, it is observed that the decline in the value of imports in
2009 was mainly an outcome of reduced expenditure on the import of
intermediate goods [-32%] and investment goods [-27%]. This reflects the
impact of the global economic crisis on the economic activities of Sri Lanka.
Prospects for 2010
Encouragingly, the global economy has been recovering slowly since late
2009 much quicker than anticipated. Accordingly, in 2010, world output is
expected to rise by 4% with a 3.3% growth in advanced economies and 6%
growth in emerging and developing economies. China and India are
projected to grow by 10% and 7.7% respectively in 2010 which are well
above the estimated world economic growth. This positive development in
the global economy will lead to an improved demand for products and
services of Sri Lanka in the international markets.
China and India have emerged as high performing economies and Sri
Lanka is in an advantageous position if the appropriate strategies are
adopted to capitalize on the concessions granted under the ISFTA and
APTA Trade Agreements.
In this backdrop, Sri Lankan exports are projected to grow by 14% - 15% in
2010. However, the slow pace of global economic recovery and rising
competition in the international market are posing challenges to this export
outlook.
Conclusion
At present, the export sector of Sri Lanka is experiencing a severe set-back
due to depressed global demand, decreased competitiveness caused by
escalating costs of production and low productivity. Consequently, the
sector registered a disappointing negative growth rate of 12.9% during 2009.
Exports to almost all the markets performed poorly while export earnings
from key product sectors declined sharply during this period. However,
export earnings have shown an improvement during the latter part of 2009.
33
Considering the vital importance of the export sector to the national
economy which contributes nearly 25% to the GDP, it is important to
sustain the growth of the sector by addressing the demand-side factors that
emerged as a result of the on-going global recession and supply-side
constraints which adversely affected the competitiveness of Sri Lankan
export products and services. It is therefore, important to pursue export
development strategically and proactively at this juncture in order to arrest
the present declining trend and to exploit the advantages of trade
opportunities that are expected to arise with the recovery of global
economic conditions.
34
Major Projects Implemented by EDB, 2007 - 2009
The Sri Lanka Export Development Board, Sri Lanka’s apex state organization for
the promotion and development of exports, implemented an array of
development programmes for the development of the export sector during the
period under review. A brief note on the key projects implemented during this
period is given below.
Implementation of Budget Proposals
a] Agro Export Zones
Under this programme, the following projects were implemented covering
the Eastern, North Western, Southern and North Central Provinces of the
country.
. Turmeric Cultivation Project in Ampara District with a farmer cluster
of 200. Under the first phase, 197 farmers in the selected areas of the
district have cultivated turmeric in an extent of 38.65 acres. A pilot
project to cultivate turmeric seed in 15 acres has been initiated.
. Cultivation of Pineapple for Export in Ampara District with the
participation of 200 farmers. The project aimed at distributing Rs. 1.2
Mn. pineapple suckers to cultivate 200 acres and up to now 146,817
suckers have been distributed among the selected farmers in the district.
. Introduction of Long-line Technology to Improve the Quality of Fish
Catch in Kalmunai : 50 multi-day boat owners were selected with the
assistance of the Department of Fisheries. The selected boat owners
were given training in long line technology and on-board handling. 50
long lines with 200 hooks were distributed among them and a floating
pier was also installed. Arrangements have been made to distribute 50
GPS to the selected boat owners.
. Breeding & Rearing of Ornamental Fish for Export in Polonnaruwa :
The first and second phases of the project have been completed and farm
equipment was distributed among 100 selected farmers. Under the third
phase of the project, 125 farmers have been selected for assistance.
35
. Cultivation and Processing of Foliage & Cutflowers in the North
Western Province with a cluster of 500 growers. The farmers selected
for the project have been trained. Under the first phase, it is planned to
establish 100 anthurium net houses and 100 foliage net houses. 50 net
houses for anthurium have been erected and arrangements have been
made to erect/construct the balance 50 net houses and also 100 net
houses for foliage to the selected growers. Preliminary work on
establishing a central facility for the project is being carried out.
Construction of a road to the project has been partly completed under
the “Maga Neguma” programme.
. Upgrade Quality Standards of Cinnamon Peeling in the Southern
Province : Out of the 20 GMP Centre planned under the project, 10
Centres have already commenced operation and work related to the
balance 10 Centres is being completed. In addition, arrangements have
been made to set up another 11 GMP Centres in the province.
. Cultivation of Fruits & Vegetable for Export in the Hambantota
District: This programme is to be implemented through the
Tissamaharama EPV and an extent of 19 acres has already been leased
and land preparation work has also been completed. Action has been
taken to cultivate mango, papaya, banana, drumstick and sesame in the
selected area.
b] Integrated Model Project Programme [IAMP]
Under this programme, 45 agricultural projects have already commenced
operations in Anuradhapura, Kurunegala, Matale, Nuwara Eliya, Colombo,
Gampaha, Kalutara, Hambantota, Ratnapura, Badulla, Galle and Kandy
districts covering products such as fruits & vegetables, coconut fibre
products, organic products, spices, cut flowers & foliage and mushroom.
c] Upgrading Giftware & Toy Sector
This project aims at developing a core group of export ready SMEs
manufacturing giftware to niche export markets. Under this programme, 25
SMEs have already been developed and 120 new designs introduced.
36
Under the second stage, 33 SMEs were selected and the product / design
development phase was completed with the technical expertise of a
Philippines consultant. The marketing phase of the project was also carried
out at the “Hands Lanka – 2009” exhibition in Kandy and the Kungmin
Trade Fair in China.
d] “Dahas Diriya” Investment Support Scheme
The objective of the “Dahas Diriya” programme is to reward exporters of
non-traditional value added products for their performance and to
encourage them to invest in export related activities. Under this
programme, 74 exporters have been granted Rs. 190 Mn. in cash and in the
form of Export Development Certificates, which could be encashed against
the export oriented investment activities.
e] National Organic Certification Programme
With the objective of facilitating the issuing of organic certification to
develop the organic production base in Sri Lanka a National Organic
Certification Body under the name of National Organic Certification
[Guaranteed] Ltd. [NOCGL] was established in collaboration with EU &
GTZ. Under the second stage of the project, EDB is in the process of
establishing a National Organic Certification Authority [NOCA] as a
separate body established under the EDB Act to facilitate all matters
connected with the export of organic products.
f] Establishment of Quality Management Systems
This programme is aimed at assisting producers and exporters of agri
products to obtain standards such as GAP, GMP, HACCP, ISO 22000, etc.
required to enter the international market. Proposals submitted by 21
companies for assistance have been approved and six were finalized for
payments under the scheme.
g] Development of Rice-based Products
An assistance scheme to encourage enterprises engaged in food processing
to promote and export innovative / convenient food products from rice was
implemented and three companies were selected for assistance.
37
Integrated Product/Supply/Market Development Programmes
The EDB conducted integrated product /supply / market development
programmes for the development of priority sectors, i.e., fruits &
vegetables, cut-flowers & foliage, spices & allied products, coconut based
products, food & beverages, fish products, ornamental fish, rubber
products, gem & jewellery, garments, leather & footwear, giftware & toys,
wooden, and paper products, electronic & light engineering products and
Information & Communication Technology [ICT] & professional services.
Major programmes are listed below:
- Cinnamon Brand Promotion Programme
- Image Building & Value Survey for ICT Sector
- FSC Certification Scheme for Wooden Products
- Quality Improvement in export of Fish Products
- Gem & jewellery development programme
- Product development programme for “kithul” products
- A web portal for the Professional Service sector
- Development of Ayurvedic services
- Mushroom Development Programme
- Technology upgrading programmed for Foundry industry
- Development of Boat building industry – organized the “Boat
Show”
- Design / market development programme for gems &
jewellery (SME Craftmen)
Market Development Programmes
The following market development programmes were carried out to
consolidate the position in existing markets, to penetrate into new markets
and also to reap the maximum benefits from the preferential trade
agreements.
38
. Organizing Sri Lanka’s Participation in International Trade Fairs
During the period under review, EDB organized Sri Lanka’s participation in
93 overseas trade fairs with 465 exporters. These product and market
specific trade fairs were organized in Germany, Japan, the USA, Singapore,
Spain, China, India, Hong Kong, the U.K., U.A.E., Egypt and Malaysia.
. Single Country Exhibitions
EDB successfully organized three single country exhibitions in China,
Pakistan and China during this period.
. Organizing Local Trade Exhibitions
EDB also organized local trade exhibitions such as “Leather & Footwear
Exhibition”, “Boat Show”, “Ruhunu Ran Ridee”, “Ruhunu Beeralu
Collections” and “Ruhunu Expo” during this period.
In addition, EDB organized the participation of exporters in the local
exhibitions organized by other institutions, i.e., “Dayata Kirula”, “Intrad
Exhibition”, “Facets” & “Lustre” Gem & Jewellery Exhibitions.
. Sri Lanka Centre in Chennai
The Centre was established in 2004 with 17 Sri Lankan export companies to
display and sell Sri Lankan products and services targeting the middle and
upper segments of the Indian market.
. Permanent Display Centre at BIA
The Centre was established in 2008 and four Sri Lankan companies are
displaying their products there.
Regional Export Development Programmes
With the objective of harnessing rural resources and skills to enhance
exports, an array of regional export development programmes was carried
out by EDB through its provincial network in Kandy, Kurunegala, Galle,
Hambantota, Badulla, Ampara and Jaffna. These programmes include
39
supply / skills / entrepreneurship development programmes, product /
quality upgrading programmes, market & technical exposure programmes,
provision of e-commerce, trade information and advisory services.
. The major programmes implemented are listed below :
- Cultivation of kiriala in the Southern Province for export.
- Product development programme for Handicrafts in Weligama.
- Spice development programme in Kandy district.
- Hapuvida Handicraft Development Programme in Kandy
district.
- Brassware Development programme in Pilimatalawa.
- Jewellery Craftsmen programme in the Ratnapura district
. “Uthuru Wasanthaya” - Under this programme, an EDB coordinating
office was established in Jaffna and several training / awareness
programmes were conducted. Financial assistance was granted to a
company engaged in fruit processing to enhance quality and productivity.
. “Neganahira Navodaya” – In addition to the three projects implemented
under the Agri Export Zone Project in the Eastern Province, three skill
development programmes were conducted for entrepreneurs in the
Province.
Other programmes carried out during the period
- Organized Presidential Export Awards –
- Provision of Trade Information & Advisory Services
- Provision of e-Commerce Services
- Publicity for export related publications - “Expo News”,
“Apanayana Puwath”, “Policy Briefing” & Export
Performance Indicators”.
- Conducting “Exporters’ Forum” to resolve problems of
exporters.
- Operation of the Simplified VAT Scheme.
- Development of floriculture for exports in the North Western
Province.
- Development of handicrafts, handloom & lifestyle products in
the North Western Province.
40
- Upgrading handloom & the “beeralu” lace industry in
Southern Province.
- Development of kithul products for export in Kotmale.
- Vanila Development Project in the Central Province.
- Cultivation of anthurium for export in Gampaha &
Kurunegala districts.
- Cultivation of vegetables under poly tunnels in Nuwara Eliya
district.
- Operation of EDB Cess Refund Scheme.
- Issuing recommendations to Indirect Exporters to open
Foreign Currency Accounts.
- National Packaging Centre – conducting training / awareness
programmes and advisory services on issues related to export
packaging.
- Skills development, awareness and training programmes at
regional level.
- Conducting courses on “Import & Export Procedures” and
“Operational Aspects of International Trade”.
- Registration of Exporters.
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1100.. IIDDEENNTTIIFFIICCAATTIIOONN OOFF KKEEYY PPRROODDUUCCTT SSEECCTTOORRSS ((KKPPSS))
The following matrix helps to categorize individual export sectors in terms of
their size and growth potential.
As a key aspect of the strategic plan, the identification of Key Product Sectors
(KPS) as opposed to Other Product Sectors (OPS) will help to concentrate
energies and resources of EDB, rather than spread them thin, over a wide range
of exports.
The identified roles of EDB with respect to the KPS will help to markedly raise
the level of export performance. As regards OPS, the main attempt is to sustain
the current level of performance. EDB will, however, not neglect any sector. The
attempt is to focus on sectors that will help achieve the overall expectations of
EDB. For a detailed analysis, leading to the identification of Key Product Sectors (KPS), please
refer Annex III.
Current Size
Large Small
Hig
h
- Apparels
- Tea
- Rubber & rubber based products
- Diamonds, gems & jewellery
- ICT / BPO/KPO
- Food & other beverages
- Spices & allied products
- Fish & fishery products
- Coconut & coconut based products
- Electrical & electronics
- Petroleum products
- Printing and stationery
- Boat building
- Professional services
Lo
w
- Chemical & plastic products - Ceramics & other mineral based
products
- Fruits & vegetables
- Toys, games & sports
- Giftware & lifestyle products
- Base Metal products
- Footwear & leather products
- Wooden products
- Floriculture
- Ornamental fish
- Handloom
Current Size : Measured in terms of contribution made by each sector to total exports.
Potential Growth: Measured in terms of export growth rates and trends.
Pot
enti
al G
row
th
41
42
11. EXPORT TARGETS FOR KEY PRODUCT SECTORS (KPS) 2010-2015
Value in US$ Mn.
No. Key Product
Sector
2009
2010
2011
2012
2013
2014
Target
Turnover
2015
01 Apparel
3120 3252 3389 3533 3682 3838 4000
02 Tea
1186 1500 1700 1900 2100 2300 2500
03 Rubber &
rubber based
products
485 547 617 696 786 886 1000
04 Diamonds,
gems &
jewellery
400 465 542 631 734 856 1000
05 ICT/BPO/KPO
245 309 392 495 626 791 1000
06 Food & other
beverages
164 220 298 403 546 738 1000
07 Spices &
allied
products
120 152 193 245 311 394 500
The above targets have been determined on the basis of discussions with relevant agencies and
product/market officers of the EDB.
Export targets for Other Product Sectors (OPS) 2010-2015, please refer Annex IV.
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12. TRIGGERS/BARRIERS ANALYSIS FOR KEY PRODUCT SECTORS (KPS)
In this analysis, key triggers, (i.e., environmental and organizational factors that
will help EDB to play its roles and achieve its objectives) and barriers (i.e.,
environmental and organizational factors that will hinder the efforts of EDB in
playing its roles and achieving its objectives) are listed, followed by specific
actions to be taken in order to leverage the triggers and/or overcome the barriers.
For a detailed analysis of the triggers and barriers, and related organizational functions
and actions, please refer Annex V.
13. KEY ACTION AREAS OF KEY PRODUCT SECTORS (KPS)
Key Action Areas (KAA) based on the Trigger/Barrier Analysis of seven
identified Key Products Sectors (KPS) are given below. Specific and detailed
programmes for each of the Action Areas will be featured in EDB’s Action Plan
document. Moreover, the Action Plan will include Key Performance Indicators (KPI)
with regard to each of the key programmes of action and a monitoring mechanism to
achieve predetermined results. A formal review of EDB’s performance vis-à-vis KPI will
be made on a quarterly basis.
KPS1 : Apparel
1.1 Message and brand to highlight compliance and promotion of
“Garments without Guilt “. (Promoter) 1.2 Organize trade exhibitions/trade events in Sri Lanka such as EXPO, Design
Festival, etc. (Promoter) 1.3
Carry out selected promotion/advertising campaigns to highlight strengths
of “Sri Lanka Apparel”. (Promoter) 1.4 Analyse and disseminate market intelligence. (Knowledge Provider) 1.5 Organize selected market promotion activities. (Promoter) 1.6 Encourage Fashion Industry Development. (Promoter)
Set up a fashion/design centre to facilitate industry players in product and
design development and brand management. 1.7 Provide training and skills development programmes for workers on high-
tech production systems and design development. (Knowledge Provider) 1.8 Conduct awareness programmes to promote the dignity of the profession
and thus encourage workers. (Knowledge Provider/Promoter)
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1.9 Implement design/product development programmes and overseas design
training for local designers. (Promoter) 1.10
Conduct specific training programmes for improving technical/managerial
skills. (Knowledge Provider) 1.11 Implement assistance schemes to upgrade production lines of SMEs for
industry compliance. (Promoter) 1.12
Negotiate with financial institutions to provide financing at concessionary
terms for exports. 1.13 Co-ordinate with relevant agencies to expedite the EDI system to
rationalize import/export procedures. (Facilitator) 1.14 Facilitate and provide utilities at rates through which companies can be
competitive in terms of cost vis a vis regions. (Indian/Bangladesh, Vietnam,
Pakistan) (Facilitator) 1.15 Initiate discussions with relevant institutions to introduce the use of
alternative energy sources. (Facilitator) 1.16 Facilitate to encourage investment for backward integration. (Set up textile
mills and accessories manufacturing plants, etc.) (Facilitator)
KPS2 : Tea
2.1
Facilitate value addition through introduction of technology for
development of new products. (Facilitator) 2.2 Promote “Ceylon Tea” as:
- First Ozone Friendly Tea in the world.
- Cleanest tea in the world in terms of pesticide residues. (Promoter) 2.3 Promote tea as a health supportive drink as well as other applications in the
pharmaceuticals and beauty care industry. (Facilitator) 2.4 Promote production of “Organic Tea”. (Promoter/Facilitator) 2.5 Conduct market surveys in niche markets to promote “Pure Ceylon Tea”.
(Knowledge provider) 2.6 Disseminate information on research/study findings and market
intelligence. (Knowledge Provider) 2.7 Organize Road Shows in selected overseas markets for Ceylon Tea, with the
support of Sri Lanka Missions, overseas. (Promoter) 2.8 Facilitate organic certification through the National Organic Certification
Authority (NOCA). (Facilitator)
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KPS3 : Rubber & Rubber based Products
3.1 Co-ordinate with relevant agencies to increase the supply of raw material.
( natural rubber)
- Introduce rubber growing in non-traditional areas. (Facilitator)
- Increase productivity and latex extraction. (Facilitator) 3.2 Introduce advanced technologies to selected laboratories based on a
industry surveys. (Promoter) 3.3 Negotiate with relevant agencies to make available energy at competitive
rates. (Facilitator) 3.4 Increase productivity through :
- Assistance schemes to implement export oriented testing and
certification programmes. (Facilitator)
- Promotion of investment in export-oriented Research &
Development. (Facilitator)
- Assistance to upgrade technology on manufacture of value added
products. (Promoter/Facilitator)
- Creation of awareness of new technology. (Knowledge
provider/Facilitator) 3.5 Carry out targeted and product-specific marketing activities.
- Improve market intelligence by providing information on market
trends, new products, tariff and non tariff barriers, etc.
- Implement integrated product and market development
programmes.
- Launch focused market development programmes in identified
markets. (Promoter) 3.6 Implement brand development initiatives to reposition “Sri Lanka Rubber”.
(Promoter) 3.7 Provide technical exposure to SME manufacturers. (Promoter/Knowledge
Provider)
KPS4 : Diamonds, gems and jewellery
4.1 Implement assistance schemes to encourage exporters to go in for high
value added products. (Promoter) 4.2 Reactivate registration of Geographic Indicators for Ceylon Sapphire.
(Facilitator)
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4.3 Increase the availability of State and plantation lands for gemming.
(Facilitator) 4.4 Expedite the commencement of a national gem deposit survey. (Facilitator) 4.5 Carry out skills development programmes to develop competencies in
producing value added products. (Facilitator) 4.6 Assist to increase exports of provincial SME gems and jewellery products
through training, awareness, market development and exposure
programmes. (Promoter) 4.7 Expedite establishment of an internationally accepted gem testing
laboratory.(Facilitator) 4.8 Initiate research to increase mining productivity with appropriate
technology. (Facilitator) 4.9 Provide collateral support for fixed and working capital by establishing
credit guarantee funds. (Facilitator) 4.10 Initiate dialogue to permit banks to grant loans for precious metal.
(Facilitator) 4.11 Advertise in reputed international gem and jewellery magazines.
(Promoter) 4.12 Negotiate bi-lateral gem trade agreements with other source-countries.
(Facilitator) 4.13 Provide high quality training. (Promoter) 4.14 Obtain services of experts to improve manufacturing and design
capabilities. (Knowledge Provider) 4.15 Launch an investment drive locally and internationally to attract investors
to establish/expand factories. (Promoter) 4.16 Develop a new “gem tourism” product including artisan villages, museums
and education. (Facilitator) 4.17 Designate an exclusive location in Colombo and in major resort areas for
retailing gems and jewellery for tourists. (Facilitator) 4.18 Popularize internationally accredited gem certification and hallmarking to
build consumer confidence. (Facilitator/Promoter) 4.19 Launch an international media campaign targeting both the trade and
consumers in selected markets. (Promoter) 4.20 Develop “FACETS SRI LANKA” as a major international event. (Promoter) 4.21 Organize prominent national pavilions at major trade fairs in target
markets. (Promoter) 4.22 Roll out a branding programme to position “Ceylon Sapphire” as a unique
and premium product offering. (Promoter)
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KPS5 : ICT/BPO/KPO
5.1 Carry out periodic export value analyses and global benchmarking studies
of Sri Lankan ICT/BPO industry.
Develop a mechanism in collaboration with Exchange Control Department
and Central Bank to obtain annual statistics for the sector. (Facilitator) 5.2 Find markets with British business practices and English as the basic
language to promote ICT/BPO sectors, utilizing ICT web portals and other
marketing techniques. (Promoter) 5.3 Select and promote programmes targeting niche market segments where Sri
Lanka has a competitive advantage.
Promote Sri Lankan ICT/BPO capabilities in untapped market regions
targeting strategic alliances. (Promoter) 5.4 Maintain a close relationship with Indian IT/BPO industry for mutually
beneficial ventures and alliances. (Promoter/Facilitator) 5.5 Communicate with universities and educational institutes to create
awareness of opportunities available in the ICT/BPO sector and encourage
the student community to develop ICT skills. (Facilitator/Advisor)
KPS6 : Food & other beverages
6.1 Develop a resource map (database) and promotional materials for the
sector. (Knowledge Provider) 6.2 Strengthen supply chain and enhance value chain efficiency. (Facilitator) 6.3 Assist industry to expand production capacity and modernize manufacturing
processes. (Facilitator) 6.4 Facilitate Research & Development programmes to produce innovative
products in collaboration with relevant stakeholders. (Facilitator) 6.5 Encourage and promote export-oriented investments through
public/private partnerships. (Promoter/Facilitator) 6.6 Provide up-to-date industry information and market intelligence.
(Knowledge provider) 6.7 Promote of food and beverages in the existing markets and new markets.
(Promoter) 6.8 Assist to obtain international quality standard certificates. (Promoter/
Facilitator) 6.9
Identify/certify the national origin of distinctive crops and flavours in
collaboration with professional food processing and technical institutes.
(Facilitator)
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KPS7 : Spices & allied products
7.1
Compile and disseminate up-to-date industry information including
market intelligence. (Knowledge Provider) 7.2 Facilitate and promote value addition through the introduction of new
technology. (Facilitator/Promoter) 7.3 Assist to improve value chain efficiency through upgrading the production
process to meet the international quality standards. (Facilitator) 7.4 Facilitate the introduction of high yield varieties in collaboration with the
related government institutions. 7.5 Organize skills development programmes to uplift the technical
knowledge of the workforce. (Promoter/Facilitator) 7.6
Assist to improve the efficiency and productivity of supply chain with
relevant stake holders. (Facilitator) 7.7 Encourage PPPs Investments for sector development. (Facilitator) 7.8 Launch international brand promotion campaign for Ceylon Cinnamon.
(Promoter)
- Trade Mark registration with National Intellectual Property (NIP) and
relevant foreign agencies. (Promoter)
- Establish a mechanism to obtain Geographical Indications (GIs) for
selected crops.(Facilitator/Promoter) 7.9 Organize market promotion activities to increase the market share in
traditional and new market. (Promoter) 7.10 Facilitate the establishment of centralized processing centres for spices.
(Facilitator)
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14. KEY ACTION AREAS OF OTHER PRODUCT SECTORS (OPS)
Key Action Areas based on the Trigger/Barrier Analysis of the Other Products
Sectors (OPS) are given below. Specific and detailed programmes for each of the
Action Areas will be featured in EDB’s Action Plan document. Moreover, the Action
Plan will include Key Performance Indicators (KPI) with regard to each of the key
programmes of action and a monitoring mechanism to achieve predetermined results. A
formal review of EDB’s performance vis-à-vis KPI will be made on a quarterly basis.
OPS1 : Fish & fisheries products
1.1 Assist the industry to comply with the standards, regulations, certifications
prescribed by the importing countries from time to time. (Facilitator) 1.2 Encourage organic farming of shrimp and other aquaculture products.
(Facilitator) 1.3 Encourage and assist to produce and export value added products in
convenient packs by adopting the latest technologies. (Facilitator) 1.4 Assist in the commercialization of fin fish/shell fish culture in cages and
ponds to increase aquaculture production and promote such products in the
international market. (Facilitator) 1.5 Encourage and assist existing boats/vessels to adopt modern technology to
catch fish in an eco friendly manner and boost exports. (Facilitator) 1.6 Participate actively in major seafood exhibitions to increase the market share
in all major markets and new markets. (Promoter) 1.7 Work with international agencies to educate stakeholders on the
international market situation and build capacity to overcome non-tariff
barriers. (Facilitator/Knowledge Provider) 1.8 Co-ordinate with the relevant authorities to review existing regulations to
facilitate the import of high value edible fish species for aquaculture
purposes. (Facilitator)
OPS2 : Coconut & coconut-based products
2.1 Establish and launch a data base on “Sri Lankan coconut products”.
(Promoter) 2.2 Create awareness to promote efficient domestic use of fresh coconut.
(Facilitator) 2.3 Facilitate “Good Manufacturing Practices” (GMP) among SME coir millers
to improve quality and productivity. (Facilitator)
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2.4 Introduce an appropriate energy efficient manufacturing system to reduce
cost of production in coir mills and processing centres. (Knowledge
Provider) 2.5 Provide seed capital to commercialize new and innovative products.
(Facilitator) 2.6 Disseminate information on market intelligence. (Knowledge Provider) 2.7 Encourage Research and Development (R & D) of value-added kernel
products. (Facilitator) 2.8 Launch skills development programmes to increase qualitative productivity
and to manufacture value-added fibre products. (Knowledge Provider) 2.9 Organize market promotion activities for coconut products in traditional
and new markets. (Promoter) 2.10 Facilitate obtaining patent rights for the manufacturing process of bristle
fibre locally and internationally and branding of “Sri Lankan Bristle Fibre”.
(Facilitator) 2.11 Brand Desiccated Coconut as “Sri Lankan DC” under geographical
demarcation. (Promoter) 2.12 Facilitate the increase of bristle fibre production for export. (Facilitator) 2.13 Conduct local & international market research programme to identify
market potential and enhance an international market for coconut products.
(Facilitator/Promoter)
OPS3 : Electrical & electronic products 3.1 Develop close relationships with electronic and ICT sector exporters by
periodic networking meetings and socializing events for transfer of
knowledge and mutually beneficial export efforts. (Facilitator) 3.2 Promote Sri Lanka as a sourcing country for electronic products by public
relation campaign including promotion of electronic sector web portal.
(Promoter) 3.3 Carry out programmes targeting niche market segments such as special
machining, PCB manufacturing, component manufacturing, sub assemblies,
etc. where Sri Lankan industry has a competitive advantage. (Promoter) 3.4 Create close relationships with Indian and Asian electronic industry for
forward and backward linkages for mutually beneficial ventures and
alliances. (Promoter/Facilitator)
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OPS4 : Printing & Stationery
4.1 Strengthen and up grade training institutes. (Facilitator/Policy Advisor) 4.2 Facilitate exchange of printing technology. (Facilitator) 4.3 Work towards making finance available at reasonable interest rates.
(Facilitator) 4.4 Address constraints faced in making available raw material required for the
industry. (Facilitator/Policy Advisor) 4.5 Facilitate backward and forward linkages. (Facilitator) 4.6 Carry out aggressive international market promotion programmes in key
markets. (Facilitator/Promoter)
OPS5 : Boat building
5.1 Develop infrastructure facilities at production yards to international
standards. (Facilitator) 5.2 Provide investment incentives/ soft loan facilities to develop infrastructure.
(Policy Advisor) 5.3 Attract investments to utilize lands with sea frontage to develop boat
building and ship repairing. (Promoter) 5.4 Take measures to reduce high tariff and various fiscal levies on raw material
and other production inputs and time-consuming and cumbersome
procedures. (Policy Advisor/Facilitator) 5.5 Create a level playing field for both BOI and non BOI companies in regard to
the import of inputs for the boat building industry after a proper study of
two systems. (Facilitator) 5.6 Create awareness among the business community of the market potential
and market opportunities for the boat building sector. (Promoter) 5.7 Implement skills development programmes together with Boat Building
Technology Improvement Institute (BTI) for improving skills to match
current requirements in the international market. (Knowledge Provider) 5.8 Create awareness internationally about Sri Lanka as a country of Boat
Building by
- Organizing Sri Lankan participation at overseas Boat Shows.
- Assisting the “Boat Show Sri Lanka”. (Promoter)
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OPS6 : Professional services 6.1 Benchmark professional services and establish a mechanism to ascertain the
value of service exports. (Knowledge provider) 6.2 Conduct awareness programmes for the industry on developments in
exchange control regulations, tax structure for services, global trends in
service exports, benefits of service exports, importance of quality
certification, etc. (Facilitator) 6.3 Maintain a dynamic market information centre for services including
international tenders, Request for Quotations (RFQs), details of important
non-resident Sri Lankans, etc. as a part of the web portal.
(Facilitator/Knowledge Provider) 6.4 Promote professional services in markets using British business practices
and English as the business language using appropriate marketing tools
including a professional services web portal. (Promoter) 6.5 Launch marketing promotion programmes targeting niche market segments
where Sri Lanka industry is strong and in untapped market regions
targeting strategic alliances. (Promoter)
OPS7 : Ceramic & other mineral-basedproducts 7.1 Introduce measures to reduce the high cost of energy by
- Making available energy sources (gas, electricity, and diesel) at
Internationally competitive prices. (Facilitator)
- Introducing alternative energy sources / efficient energy management.
(Facilitator)
- Developing a mechanism to finance technological improvements to
reduce energy costs. (Policy Advisor/Facilitator) 7.2 Develop zoning of land and introduce efficient mining procedures to make
available quality raw materials to the industry. (Facilitator) 7.3 Implement productivity improvement programmes to increase global
competitiveness. (Promoter/Knowledge Provider) 7.4 Develop support services required by the industry. (gift packaging, etc.)
(Promoter) 7.5 Strengthen R & D facilities in co-ordination with the State, the private sector
and universities. (Facilitator) 7.6 Develop brand identity and quality recognition for the industry by
- Organizing focused market promotion activities in identified markets to
create a country image as a supplier of quality ceramics.
- Assisting selected exporters to develop and promote individual brands.
(Promoter)
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OPS8 : Fruits & vegetables
8.1 Encourage commercial cultivation in diverse agro ecological zones to meet
required quantities for the international market. (Facilitator) 8.2 Introduce a packaging system and proper transport system to minimize post
harvest losses and improve product quality. (Knowledge Provider) 8.3 Assist exporters to explore opportunities in the un-tapped markets.
(Promoter) 8.4 Facilitate to operate the perishable cargo terminal to minimize handling cost,
time and maintain quality. (Facilitator) 8.5 Facilitate to obtain international standards and quality certifications.
(Facilitator) 8.6 Develop a resource map (database) for the sector. (Knowledge Provider) 8.7 Introduce centralized farming systems with modern technology –
public/private partnerships. (Facilitator) 8.8 Encourage and promote value added products. (Facilitator) 8.9 Facilitate introduction of an appropriate crop insurance scheme.
(Facilitator)
OPS09 : Toys, games & sports 9.1 Promote Sri Lanka as a country producing quality toys adhering to
international standards. (Promoter) 9.2 Initiate market diversification for Sri Lankan toys. (Promoter) 9.3 Develop a second tier of toy exporters and increase the number of toy exporters.
(Facilitator/Knowledge Provider/Promoter)
OPS10 : Giftware & lifestyle products 10.1 Develop of a database (software package) for the giftware industry.
(Facilitator/Promoter) 10.2 Develop a core group of export-ready SMEs for the purpose of catering to
niche export markets. (Facilitator) 10.3 Initiate market diversification for Sri Lankan giftware & lifestyle products to
promote in the niche export market. (Promoter) 10.4 Develop a gift box manufacturing industry. (Facilitator /Knowledge
Provider / Promoter)
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OPS11 : Base metal products 11.1
- Carry out targeted and product-specific marketing activities. (Promoter)
- Provide market intelligence. (Knowledge Provider)
- Position Sri Lanka as a reliable source of quality Light Engineering
products. (Promoter) 11.2 - Develop and carry out programmes to upgrade technology and design
development. (Knowledge Provider/Promoter)
- Co-ordinate with relevant agencies to encourage Foreign Direct
Investments (FDI) and Joint Ventures. (Facilitator) 11.3 - Provide awareness on Testing, Certification and R&D for the industry.
(Knowledge Provider)
- Formulate and implement assistance scheme for certification. (Facilitator) 11.4 Initiate appropriate measures to build a strong local industry that will lead
to increased export potential. (Policy Adviser)
OPS12 : Footwear & leather products
12.1
Expedite relocation of tanneries and allow the tanneries to operate in the
existing locations without any obstructions, until the relocation project is
implemented. (Facilitator) Maintain the conducive policy environment prevailing at present. (Policy
Adviser) 12.2 Inaugurate image building programmes to promote the industry locally and
internationally:
- Organize a “Footwear and Leather Fair” as a major international
event.
- Organize inward buying missions.
- Advertise in selected international magazines.
- Carry out an effective publicity campaign. (Promoter) 12.3 - Develop and enhance competencies of the exporter community.
(Promoter)
- Organise technical exposure /productivity improvement
programmes for potential exporters. Carry out integrated product
and market development programmes.
- Develop export -oreinted SMEs and promote linkages between
SME’s and large scale exporters.
- Launch technology transfer and skill development programmes.
55
12.4 Conduct product /market specific research studies and disseminate
information to business community. (Knowledge provider) 12.5 Organise appropriate international market promotion programmes.
(Promoter)
OPS13 : Wooden products
13.1 Activate Advisory Committees to discuss and address issues connected with
the wood-based industrialists. (Facilitator) 13.2 Complete the FSC Certification programme, initiated by the EDB and co-
ordinated by the IUCN. (Facilitator) 13.3 - Conduct awareness programmes to improve the quality of wood
treatment and timber seasoning.
- Conduct technology transfer programmes to introduce modern
machinery to improve production methodology and productivity.
- Obtain foreign expertise to improve wood finishing, particularly of
rubber wood.
- Organise skills development programmes to improve specific skills of
workers. (Knowledge Provider) 13.4 - Organise appropriate market promotion programmes.
- Take action to derive maximum benefits from the Indo Sri Lanka Free
Trade Agreement (ISLFTA).
- Secure the active involvement of Commercial Officers in promoting
Sri Lankan exporters.
- Implement a programme to highlight cost advantages accruing to
Indian importers for importing from Sri Lanka under FTA as against
importing from outside sources. (Promoter)
PS14 : Floriculture
14.1 Work with the National Committee of Floriculture Research and
Development to establish a National Policy for the floriculture sector.
(Facilitator) 14.2 Analyze and disseminate industry-related information and market
intelligence to the stakeholders. (Knowledge Provider) 14.3 Study the opportunities in emerging markets while strengthening the
position in existing markets and help exporters to successfully penetrate
these markets. (Knowledge Provider/Promoter)
56
14.4 Take suitable measures to overcome country-specific tariff and non-tariff
barriers. (Facilitator) 14.5 Work with relevant authorities to develop a local certification system for
Good Agricultural Practices (Sri Lankan GAP - similar to Global GAP).
(Facilitator/Knowledge Provider) 14.6 Assist exporters to obtain environmental labels required to compete in the
export market. (Facilitator) 14.7 Enhance value chain competitiveness by improve supply chain efficiency.
(Facilitator) 14.8 Enhance productivity of the nurseries through the introduction of cost
effective production technology and training of workers. (Knowledge
Provider) 14.9 Expand the supply capacity of the industry by utilizing regional resources
through public/private partnership programmes and out grower systems.
(Facilitator/Promoter) 14.10 Make a study of new products suitable for different agro climatic conditions
within the country and source for mother plants and cultivation technology.
(Knowledge Provider)
OPS15 : Ornamental fish
15.1 Increase the supply of quality fish for exports by organizing supply
development programmes in the regions and build up linkages between
breeder clusters and exporters. (Facilitator) 15.2 Develop a resource map (database) for the sector. (Knowledge Provider) 15.3 Co-ordinate with relevant authorities to review the existing legislations and
to establish monitoring systems to facilitate the export of restricted species
bred in captivity. (Policy Advisor/Facilitator) 15.4 Organize training/exposure programmes to enhance supply chain efficiency
and productivity. (Knowledge provider) 15.5 Disseminate up-to-date technical information and market intelligence.
(Knowledge provider) 15.6 Encourage breeding and commercialization of marine and exotic species and
new varieties of fish for exports. (Facilitator) 15.7 Improve quarantine and holding facilities for freshwater and marine fish to
conform to international standards and to maintain quality. (Facilitator) 15.8 Resolve the problems encountered by exporters in collaboration with
relevant stakeholders. (Facilitator)
57
15.9 Increase the current market share through market promotion activities and
promote new varieties at international and local fish competitions.
(Promoter)
OPS16 : Handloom
16.1 Conduct awareness programmes and workshops on the industry to attract
new entrepreneurs, provide training facilities through relevant government
bodies. (Knowledge Provider/ Promoter/Facilitator) Set up modern dying centres in the regions in collaboration with Provincial
Councils. (Facilitator) 16.2 Promote linkages between exporters and manufacturers. (Promote) 16.3 Assist the upgradation of machinery. (Facilitator) 16.4 Conduct productivity improvement programmes through master weavers;
obtain foreign expertise on design and product development.
(Facilitator/Promoter) 16.5 Organise buyer-seller meetings and international trade fairs.
(Facilitator/Promoter) 16.6 Organise appropriate market promotion activities such as participation at
international trade fairs/exhibitions, and inward buying missions.
(Promoter)
OPS17 : Chemical and plastic products 17.1 Introduce advanced technology among plastic industrialists. (Knowledge
Provider/Facilitator) 17.2 Provide training on mould making/maintenance. (Knowledge
Provider/Facilitator) 17.3 Carry out awareness programmes on productivity improvement, quality
requirements/certifications and value addition. (Knowledge
Provider/Facilitator) 17.4 Improve market intelligence by providing information on market trends,
products with export potential and on-tariff and non-tariff barriers.
(Knowledge Provider) 17.5 Position Sri Lanka as a capable supplier of quality plastic products in the
international market. (Promoter) 17.6 Carry out appropriate product and market development programmes.
(Promoter) 17.7 Make available energy at competitive prices. (Facilitator)
58
15. BUILDING A TEAM OF EXCELLENCE AT THE EDB
Comprehensive and continuous Training and Development (T&D)
programmes for managerial and other staff members based on T&D needs
analyses, along with a robust reward mechanism, including both
intrinsic and extrinsic rewards, will help build a team of excellence at
EDB. Inter-departmental co-ordination and harmony will be a
cornerstone of the team-building endeavours of the organization.
59
Annex I
Key Personnel
Post: Director-General
Qualifications: A Degree from a recognized University or equivalent
professional qualifications. Preference will be given to
holders of 1st or 2nd class degree or postgraduate degree in
Management/Business Administration.
A minimum of 12 years’ post-qualifying experience, of which at
least 3 years should be at Head of Department or General
Manager level in a recognized public/private sector or an
international organization.
Post: Director (Finance)
Qualifications: Full membership of the Institute of Chartered Accountants of Sri
Lanka, the Institute of Cost & Management Accounts, U.K. or an
equivalent qualification.
Not less than 08 years’ experience obtaining professional
qualification out of which at least 3 years at senior management
level in a recognized public/private sector organizational body.
Post: Director (Export Agriculture)
Qualifications: A graduate with not less than 12 years relevant post- qualifying
experience of which 5 years should be at senior management
level in the public/private sector or an International Organization.
Preference would be given to holders of 1st or 2nd class degree or
relevant postgraduate qualifications.
60
Post: Director (Services)
Qualifications: A Degree from a recognized University or equivalent professional
qualification.
Preference will be given to holders of 1st or 2nd class degree or
postgraduate qualifications relevant to the job description and
possess not less than 12 years of post qualifying experience in the
field, of which at least 5 years should be at senior management
level in a recognized public/private sector or international
institute or agency.
Post: Director (Marketing)
Qualifications: A Degree from a recognized university or equivalent
professional qualifications. Preference will be given to holders of a
1st or 2nd class degree or a postgraduate degree or postgraduate
qualifications.
Not less than 12 years’ post-qualifying experience in a field related
to the job description, out of which at least 5 years should be
at senior management level in a recognized public/private
sector institute or agency.
Post: Director (Trade Information Service)
Qualifications: The position would be filled by a graduate with not less than 12
years’ postgraduate experience, including at least 5 years in a
senior management position in the public/private sector or an
international organization, with proven ability, leadership
qualities, initiative and professional skills. Preference would be
given to holders of 1st or 2nd class degree or relevant
postgraduate qualifications and at least 5 years’ experience in
market information gathering, processing and dissemination.
Familiarity with electronic data processing will be an advantage.
61
Post: Director (Human Resource Development)
Qualifications: A graduate of a recognized university or equivalent
professional qualifications. Preference will be given to holders of
1st or 2nd class degree or post graduate degree in Management or
Business Administration.
A minimum of 12 years’ post-qualifying experience in personnel
management/training and development/entrepreneur
development of which at least 5 years should at senior
management level in a recognized public/private Sector or
international organization.
Post: Director (Policy & Planning)
Qualifications: A degree from a recognized University or equivalent
professional qualifications. Preference will be given to holders of
1st or 2nd class degree or postgraduate degree or postgraduate
qualifications.
Not less than 12 years’ post-qualifying experience in a field related
to the job description, out of which at least 5 years should be at
senior management level in a recognized public/private
sector institution.
Post: Director (TradenetSL )
Qualifications: A degree from a recognized university or equivalent
professional qualifications. Preference will be given to holders of
1st or 2nd class degree or postgraduate degree or postgraduate
qualifications.
Not less than 12 years’ post-qualifying experience in a relevant
field of which at least 5 years should have been at senior
management level in a recognized public/private sector
international institution.
62
Post: Director (Product Management)
Qualifications: A degree from a recognized university or equivalent
professional qualifications. Preference will be given to holders of
1st or 2nd class degree or postgraduate degree or postgraduate
qualifications.
Not less than 12 years’ post-qualifying experience in a relevant
field of which at least 5 years should have been at senior
management level in a recognized public/private sector
international institution.
Post: Director –SMED
Qualifications: A degree from a recognized university or equivalent professional
qualifications or a corporate membership in a recognized
professional institution, pocessing not less than twelve (12) years
post qualifying experience in the relevant field at a management
level of which five (05) years should be at a senior management
level in a recognized public/private sector or international
institution.
Post: Deputy Director ( Trade Information Service, Marketing,
Policy & Planning, Product Management, SME)
Qualifications: A degree from a recognized university or equivalent
professional qualifications. Preference will be given to holders of a
1st or 2nd class degree or postgraduate degree or postgraduate
qualifications.
Not less than 08 years’ post-qualifying experience in a relevant
field of which at least 03 years should be at senior management
level in a recognized public/ private sector international
institution.
Post: Deputy Director (Finance)
Qualifications: Associate Member of the Institute of Cost & Management
Accounts, Institute of Chartered Accountants of Sri Lanka with a
minimum of 05 years post-qualifying experience of which 03 years
should be at senior management level.
or
63
The intermediate qualification of a recognized body of
Accountants with a minimum of 10 years post qualifying
experience of which 05 year should be at senior management
level.
or
Diploma in Public Finance conducted by the Sri Lanka
Institute of Development Administration with a minimum of 10
years experience as an Accountant in the public Service of
which 05 years should be post qualifying.
or
Member of Class 1 of the Sri Lanka Government Accountant
Service. Post: Deputy Director (Supplies)
Qualifications: A degree from a recognized university or equivalent
professional qualifications and possess not less than 08
years of post qualifying experience in the relevant field or which
at least 03 years should be at Senior Management level in a
recognized Public / Private Sector Institution or an international
institute/agency. Preference will be given to holders of a First or
Second Class degree and /or Post Graduate Qualifications
relevant to the job description.
Post: Manager (Provincial Export)
Qualifications: A degree from a recognized university or equivalent
professional qualifications.
Preference will be given to candidates with experience in
Development Administration at the provincial level.
Candidates should possess not less than 08 years post-
qualifying experience of which at least 03 years should be at a
senior management level in a relevant area in a recognized
Public/Private Sector Institution.
64
Post: Legal Officer
Qualifications: An Attorney-at-Law with at least 5 years’ experience in notarial
and company work. Experience and knowledge of labour-related
matters would be an added qualification.
Post: Chief Internal Auditor
Qualifications: Associate Member of the Institute of Chartered Accountants/Cost
& Management Accountants/Certified and Corporate Accountants
with not less than 5 years’ post-qualifying experience, of which 2
years should be in Auditing.
or
Intermediate Examination of a recognized body of Accountants
with 10 years’, post-qualifying experience of which 3 years should
be in Auditing.
or
Diploma in Public Finance of the Sri Lanka, Institute of
Development Administration with 10 years’ post-qualifying
experience of which not less than 3 years should be in Auditing.
Post: Assistant Director
Qualifications: A graduate with a 1st or 2nd class degree from a recognized
university in Economics, Commerce, Business Administration,
Engineering, Science, Agriculture or any other related field or
equivalent professional qualifications or a postgraduate degree in
the relevant field with at least three (03) years’ experience in a
staff post in a recognized public/private sector or international
institution or agency.
Graduates with exceptional proven ability in the relevant areas
with at least 5 years’ experience at staff level may also apply.
65
Post: Assistant Director (Personnel)
Qualifications: Degree from a recognized university with 05 years
experience related to Personnel Management functions.
or
SSC or GCE (O/L) in 6 subjects including English Language in not
more than 2 sittings.
and
15 years experience in a Public, Private or recognized
International Agency of which 10 years should be related to
Personnel /Administrative functions. Of the total experience
stipulated 05 years should be at executive level.
Post : Assistant Director (Admin.)
Qualifications: Degree from a recognized university with 05 years
experience related to administrative functions.
or SSC or GCE (O/L) in 6 subjects including English Language in not
more than 2 sittings.
and
15 years experience in a Public, Private or recognized
International Agency of which 10 years should be related to
Personnel /Administrative functions. Of the total experience
stipulated 05 years should be at executive level.
Post: Asst. Legal Officer
Qualifications: Attorney-at-Law with notarial qualifications and three years’
experience in practice, preferably Law Graduates.
66
Post: Personnel Officer
Qualifications: Degree from a recognized university with at least 03 years
supervisory experience related to Personnel functions;
or
SSC or GCE (O/L) Examination in 6 subjects including English
Language in not more than two sittings and possess not less than
15 years of related experience of which 06 years should be at
supervisory level.
Post : Administrative Officer
Qualifications: Degree from a recognized university with at least 03 years
supervisory experience related to Administrative functions;
or
SSC or GCE (O/L) Examination in 6 subjects including English
Language in not more than two sittings and possess not less than
15 years of related experience of which 06 years should be at
supervisory level.
Post: Statistical Officer
Qualifications: SSC/GCE (O/L) and minimum of 04 years of service in Grade 5 in
the EDB and has been confirmed in the Post.
or
Recognized part professional qualifications with only the final
part to be completed and the completion thereof will lead to
qualifications equated to a degree, or a professional
qualification i.e. a Diploma in the specialized field plus 03
years of service in Grade 5 of the Board’s service and has been
confirmed in the Post.
or
A degree from a recognized university or equivalent
professional qualification and confirmed in the Board’s
service.
67
Post: Internal Audit Officer
Qualifications: SSC/GCE (O/L) examination and completion of a certificate level
course relating to the functions of auditing conducted by a
recognized institution with a minimum of 08 years experience in
the field of auditing out of which 02 years should be in a Grade 5
post in the EDB and has been confirmed in the post.
Post: Management Assistant
Qualifications: A degree from a recognized university. Preference will be given
to candidates with a 1st or 2nd class degree.
Post: Export Promotion Officer
Qualifications: A degree from a recognized university. Preference will be
given to candidates with a 1st or 2nd class degree.
Post: Assistant Accountant
Qualifications : (a) Higher National Diploma in Accountancy (Intermediate)
examination.
or
Diploma in Commerce 3rd years examination or equivalent
qualifications;
and
12 years experience in job-related functions of which 4
years should be executive experience.
(b) Higher National Diploma in Accountancy final
examination.
or
Diploma in Commerce final examination.
and
68
08 years experience in job-related functions of which 03
years should be executive experience.
© The Intermediate Examination of the Institute of
Chartered Accountants
or
Professional I of the Institute of Cost and Management
Accountants.
or
Professional Stage I of the Association of Certified and
Corporate Accountants.
(d) A Degree in Economics/Commerce/Business
Administration with Accountancy.
and
04 years experience in job related functions of which 02
years should be at executive level.
TECHNICAL
Post: Systems Engineer
Qualifications: B.Sc. Engineering degree from a recognized university with
specialization in Electronics/ Electrical/Telecommunications and
Computers.
Post: Systems Analyst
Qualifications: B.Sc. degree and 4 years’ experience in Computer System Analysis
Design and Programming and at least 2 years’ experience as
Systems Analyst.
in a recognized public/private sector or international organization
or agency.
or
69
B.Sc. degree and Masters in Computer Science with at least 2
years’ experience as Systems Analyst in a recognized
public/private sector or international organization or agency.
Post: Computer Programmer
Qualifications: B.Sc. degree and two years’ experience in Computer
Programming and Systems Design.
or
B.Sc. Degree
and
Diploma in Computer Technology, University of Colombo.
70
Annex II
71
Annex III
Rationale for Identification of Key Product Sectors (KPS)
Product Contribu
-tion to
total
exports
RCA Share
in the
World
Market
NFE World
Trend
2004 -
2008
Sri
Lanka
Trend
2004-
2008
2009
Growth
Rate
Future
Growth
2010-
2015
World
Rank
Apparel
40.0% 15 0.9% 35% 8.5% 5.7% -4.9% 3.1% 23
Tea 15.6% 75 23.0% 70% 15% 13.2% 11.28% 6.9% 1
Rubber &
rubber based
products
6.6% 8 0.4%
60% 16% 16.7% -27.5% 3.2% 30
Diamonds,
gem &
jewellery
5.4% 3
0.2% 30%-
75%
16% 22% -25.9% 1.8% 45
ICT/BPO/
KPO
3.3% - -
100% - - 6.5% 11.2% -
Food & other
Beverages
2.2% 1.5 0.1%
80% 14% 12% -16.3% 7,4%
Coconut &
coconut
based
products
2.1% 40
(Husk)
2% 70% 7% 8.84% -5.1% 7.4% 10
Fish &
fishery
products
2.0% 2 0.3% 95% 18.52% 7.0% 3.6% 7.6% 32
(Tuna)
Electrical &
electronics
1.9% 0.2 Less
than
0.1%
10% 19% 17.24% -42.9% 0.3% 71
Petroleum
products
1.8% 0.0001 - Less
than
20%
- 21.3% -49.1% 3.1%
Spices &
allied
products
1.6% 2 Cin.
40%
90% 7% 10% -24.7% 5.3% Cinna-
mon 1
Chemical &
plastic
products
1.54% 0.23 0.015% 40% 1%
(plastic)
3.4% -11.3% (-1.98%)
1%
93
Paper
products
1.10% 1.90 0.06% 40% 40% 29.84% -8.7% 9.8% 62
Ceramic &
other mineral
products
0.97% 2.32 Less
than
0.1%
50% 11% 3.76% 16.2% (-3.8%)
1.0%
103
72
Product Contribu
-tion to
total
exports
RCA Share
in the
World
Market
NFE World
Trend
2004 -
2008
Sri
Lanka
Trend
2004-
2008
2009
Growth
Rate
Future
Growth
2010-
2015
World
Rank
Fruits &
vegetables
0.60% 1.4 Over
90%
19% 10.8% 7.9%
Toys, games
& sports
requisites
0.51% 0.84 0.04% 50%-
60%
7%
6.7% -9.7% 3.9% 53
Base metal
products
0.49% 0.27 0.01% 60% 4.1% -48.6% 36.7% 3.4% 71
Footwear &
Leather
0.42% 0.6 Negligi
ble
40%-
50%
8% -2.5% -19.5% 5.2% 75
Wooden
products
0.38% 0.7 0.03% 70% 22% 14.26% -38.8% 4.9% 81
Floriculture
0.15% 1.5 0.08% 90% 12% 12% -19.3% 2.2% 47
Aquarium
fish
0.11% 4.6 3.7% 93% 5% 4.7% -5.1% 2.6% 10
Notes:
1) A Product sector whose contribution to total exports is over 3% is considered as large in
terms of the current size. Some sectors, although their share is below 3%, are also
categorized under ‘Large in Current Size considering their local industry base.
2) The diamond, gem & jewellery sector has been included in ‘Large in Current Size’
category due to its relatively high overall contribution of 5.4% to the total exports.
However, diamond industry which is confined only to cutting & polishing of raw
diamond alone contributes 4.4% to the total exports while gem & jewellery
contribute 0.9% and 0.1% respectively to the total exports.
3) Growth rate of each product sector in 2009 which is a crisis year for exports is also taken
into consideration when analyzing the future growth trend.
4) Paper based product sector includes printed stationery, books and printed packaging
material. Printed packaging material supplied to direct exporters of other
products has not been considered for the analysis.
* Contribution to exports are considered in terms of value.
73
Annex IV
Export Targets for Other Product Sectors 2010 - 2015
Value in US $ Mn.
Se.
No. Description
Actual
exports
in
2009
Export projections 2010 -
2015
Av.
Growth
% 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015
Total Exports 7085.00 8028.00 9098.00 10310.00 11683.00 13240.00 15000.00 12.50
1 Fish & fisheries products 170.60 200.02 218.46 236.90 255.34 273.78 292.22 7.56
2 Coconut based products 261.12 303.00 330.10 357.21 384.31 411.41 438.52 7.38
3 Electrical & electronic
products 140.48 206.82 207.51 208.20 208.89 209.58 210.26 0.33
4 Paper & Paper products 80.45 102.65 115.61 128.57 141.53 154.49 167.45 9.75
5 Boat Building 57.81 60.13 71.29 82.44 93.59 104.75 115.90 13.04
6 Professional services N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A
7 Chemicals & plastic
products 113.47 114.60 115.70 116.90 118.10 119.30 120.50 1.01
8 Ceramics & other mineral
based products 71.31 72.02 72.74 73.47 74.21 74.95 75.69 1.00
9 Fruits & vegetables 43.76 47.00 52.00 58.00 62.00 66.00 70.00 7.90
10 Toys, games & sports
requisites 38.02 26.10 26.80 27.40 28.10 30.00 32.00 3.95
11 Giftware 10.60 12.80 13.50 14.10 14.80 15.60 16.30 5.00
12 Base metal products 36.11 40.00 42.00 43.00 44.00 46.00 48.00 3.45
13 Footwear & leather
products 29.50 32.00 35.00 36.00 37.00 39.00 43.00 5.23
14 Wooden products 28.53 33.00 38.10 38.50 41.00 42.30 43.20 4.92
15 Floriculture 11.61 13.32 13.63 13.93 14.20 14.54 14.85 2.20
16 Aquarium fish 8.52 9.11 9.36 9.61 9.87 10.12 14.38 7.27
17 Handloom 0.98 1.13 1.29 1.48 1.70 1.95 2.24 13.70
Notes: Projections based on past five years’ actual exports assumed to grow exponentially.
N/A – Not Available
74
Annex V
Trigger/Barrier Analysis for Key Product Sectors(KPS)
(1) Product Sector: Apparel Sector - Triggers
No. Triggers EDB Role Functions Actions
01 Reputation of
being a quality
apparel
manufacturer
for the export
market.
Promoter
Create maximum
publicity to
highlight its
reputation.
- Organise
local/international trade
exhibitions and other
trade events in Sri Lanka
(such as EXPO) design
festival.
- Invite reputed journalists,
opinion leaders to visit Sri
Lanka to publicize Sri
Lanka apparel.
- Advertise in international
clothing
magazines/media.
02 Compliance
with
international
labour
regulations
Promoter
Entry into the
upper market
segments and
services the high
fashion industry.
- Organise appropriate
market promotion
activities to position Sri
Lanka at the high end of
the market.
- Messaging and branding
to highlight compliance
and promotion of
“Garments Without
Guilt”.
03 The availability
of relatively
disciplined and
skilled labour
and a trainable
Knowledge
Provider Initiate them into
the correct work
environments.
Enhance the skills
of the work force.
- Provide training and skills
development programmes
for workers on high tech
production systems and
75
No. Triggers EDB Role Functions Actions
labour force design development.
- Conduct awareness
programmes to promote
the dignity of the
profession and thus
encourage workers.
04 Reputed
International
Customer base
Promoter
- Organise selected market
promotion activities i.e.,
participation in
international trade
fairs/exhibitions/single
country exhibitions,
inward buying missions,
outward promotion
missions, contact
promotion programmes,
road shows, establishment
of display centres,
windows, etc.
- Organise systematic and
targeted market
promotion activities.
- Encourage Fashion
Industry Development.
- Set up fashion/design
centre to facilitate
industry players in
product and design
development and brand
management.
05 On-time delivery
“all-season”
products.
Promoter Focus on the high
fashion apparel
industry to cater to
the high value
- Implement fashion/design
development programmes
and increase supply chain
76
No. Triggers EDB Role Functions Actions
addition industry.
Maximum usage of
this strength in the
marketing
activities.
efficiencies.
- Carry out selected
promotion/advertising
campaigns to highlight
strengths of “Sri Lanka
Apparel”.
Product Sector: Apparel Sector – Barriers
No. Barriers EDB Role Functions Actions
01 Low
productivity of
SME apparel
sector
Knowledge
provider
Promoter
- Improve the
product
development
capabilities by
basic
technology
upgrades.
- Improve
productivity to
increase
operational
effectiveness.
- Conduct awareness and
skills development
programmes.
- Implement assistance
schemes to upgrade
production lines of SMEs
for industry compliance.
fro factory upgradation
with modern technology.
02 Lack of design
capabilities to
offer more
sophisticated
products
Promoter
Knowledge
provider
- Provide
opportunities for
Sri Lanka
designers to work
with international
fashion
designers.
- Obtain expertise
on design &
product
development for
SMEs.
- Implement
design/product
development programmes
and overseas design
training for local
designers.
- Analyse and disseminate
market intelligence.
77
No. Barriers EDB Role Functions Actions
- Encourage
investments
03 Lack of
investment in
Human
Resources
Knowledge
Provider
Facilitator
- Provide training
on building and
managing
customer
relationships to
improve technical
capabilities.
- Liaise with
relevant
academic/technic
al institutions to
develop HR
requirements of
the industry.
Conduct specific training for
improving
technical/managerial skills.
04 High cost of
production and
high transition
cost
Facilitator
- Take measures
to overcome
procedural
delays and
provide
essential
utilities at
reasonable
rates.
- Provide
alternative
cheaper sources
of energy power
to operate the
industries.
- Open ports and
customs 24
hours a day.
- Provide financing for
exports.
- Provide e-commerce and
promote e-trading in
exports.
- Negotiate with financial
institutions to provide
financing at concessionary
terms for exports.
- Co-ordinate with relevant
agencies to expedite EDI
system to rationalize
import/export procedures.
- Initiate discussions with
relevant institutions to
introduce the use of
alternative energy
sources.
05 Lack of
backward
integration
Facilitator - Encourage
domestic
industries to
Facilitate to encourage
investment for backward
integration. (Set up textile
78
No. Barriers EDB Role Functions Actions
produce textile
and other
accessories.
- Identify joint
venture
partners and
develop
alliances.
Mills and accessories
manufacturing Plants, etc.
06 Lack of image
building and
marketing
programmes
Promoter
- Promote and
position Sri
Lanka as a
quality/design
and ethically
manufactured
producer of
apparel.
- Launch
aggressive
market
promotion
programmes in
key markets in
collaboration
with Joint
Apparel
Association
Forum (JAAF).
- Provide
financial
assistance for
SME apparel
sector for
market
promotion
- Implement programmes
for national branding and
to assist brand
development programmes
of exporters.
- Organise appropriate
market promotion
activities ie:
participation at
international trade
fairs/exhibitions/single
country exhibitions,
inward buying missions,
outward promotion
missions, contact
promotion programmes,
road shows, establishment
of display
centres/windows, etc.
- Organise trade
exhibitions/trade events in
Sri Lanka such as Expo,
Design Festival, etc.
79
No. Barriers EDB Role Functions Actions
programmes.
- Identify new
markets and
promote exports
to these
markets.
07 Inadequate
lobbying for
preferential
market access
in key markets.
Facilitator
- Negotiate to
include apparel
into USA –GSP
programme.
- Work towards
ensuring
continuation of
EU GSP +.
Work with relevant agencies
by providing product specific
inputs for trade negotiations.
(2) Product Sector: Tea Sector - Triggers
No. Triggers EDB Role Functions Actions
01
Increasing tea
consumption
habits
Knowledge
provider
Policy Advisor
Monitor
- Network with
stake-holders
for research/
studies on
consumer
behaviour
periodically.
- Disseminate
research/
study findings
to the
industry.
- Recommend
policies and
programmes
- Conduct research/
studies on consumer
behaviour bi-annually
with the SLTB.
- Issue press releases/
Web articles, other
information material etc.
on research findings.
- Forward policy papers
and recommend
programmes for
government funding
through SLEDB.
- Monitor and evaluate
80
No. Triggers EDB Role Functions Actions
to the
government
based on
research/study
findings for
resource
allocation for
development
of the
industry.
- Develop a
mechanism to
monitor
periodically
the export
performance
of highly
demanded
products and
the impact of
the
programmes
recommended
above.
performance of the
assistance extended
through SLEDB
quarterly.
02
Increasing
demand for
branded
products
Knowledge
provider
Promoter
Monitor
- Network with
stake-holders
for research/
studies on
market trends
periodically.
- Disseminate
research/
study findings
to the
industry.
- Conduct
research/studies on
market trends
biannually with the
SLTB.
- Issue Press releases/
Web articles, other
information material etc.
on research findings.
- Implement assistance
schemes for national
81
No. Triggers EDB Role Functions Actions
- Encourage
brand
development
programmes
of exporters.
- Develop a
mechanism to
monitor
periodically
the impact of
the brand
development
programmes
implemented.
branding on GI with the
SLTB and Ministry of
Industries.
- Implement assistance
schemes for branding on
“Ozone free PURE
Ceylon Tea” with the
SLTB, UNOPS and TRI.
- Monitor and evaluate
performance of the
assistance extended
through the SLEDB
quarterly.
03
Premium
prices for
value added
teas
Knowledge
provider
Promoter
Monitor
- Network with
stake-holders
for research/
studies on
value added
tea
periodically.
- Disseminate
research/
study findings
to the
industry.
- Encourage
investment on
R&D on
product
development
and
adaptation of
exporters.
- Conduct
research/studies on
value added teas
periodically.
- Issue Press releases/
Web articles, other
information material,
etc. on research findings.
- Implement assistance
schemes for
performance-based
export oriented
investment in R&D and
product
development/adaptation
(designs, packaging),
etc.
- Monitor periodically the
impact of the above
investment programmes
82
No. Triggers EDB Role Functions Actions
- Develop a
mechanism to
monitor
periodically
the impact of
the R&D
development
programmes
implemented.
- Develop a
mechanism
and assistance
programmes
for the tea
industry to
also be the
hub of
packaging and
marketing of
Tea.
implemented.
- Joint ventures with
international tea
packers/blenders to set
up packaging /blending
facilities.
Product Sector: Tea Sector – Barriers
No. Barriers EDB Role
Functions Actions
01 New entrants
to cater to the
“Mass
Market”
category.
Knowledge
provider
Policy
Advisor
Facilitator
- Network with
stakeholders for
research/
studies on
supply trends
periodically.
- Disseminate
research/ study
findings to the
industry.
- Conduct research/
studies on supply trends
periodically with SLTB.
- Issue Press releases/
Web articles, other
information material,
etc. on research findings.
- Forward policy papers
and recommend
programmes for
83
No. Barriers EDB Role
Functions Actions
- Net work with
stakeholders
and recommend
policies and
programmes to
the government
based on
research/study
findings for
supply
development of
the industry.
- Encourage
exporters for
productivity
management of
plantations and
invest on value
addition.
government funding
through SLEDB.
- Provide financing (Exim
Bank) for exporters in
supply development
and competitiveness-
enhancement,
conforming to
international standards.
02 Supply
restrictions
Policy
Advisor
Facilitator
Monitor
- Network with
stakeholders
and recommend
policies and
programmes to
the government
for unutilized/
abandoned tea
plantations for
re-plantation for
supply
development of
the industry.
- Encourage R &
D on high
yielding
varieties of Tea
- Forward policy papers
and recommend
programmes for
government funding
through the Ministry of
Plantations.
- Implement Assistance
Schemes to encourage R
& D on high yielding
varieties of tea by the
private sector.
- Monitor periodically the
impact of the above
assistance programmes.
84
No. Barriers EDB Role
Functions Actions
by the private
sector.
- Develop a
mechanism
with the
stakeholders to
monitor
periodically the
impact of the
above re-
plantation and
R&D
programmes
that are
implemented.
03 Low yield and
high post
harvest losses
Knowledge
provider
Promoter
Facilitator
- Network with
stakeholders for
comparative
analysis on
yield/post
harvest losses of
the tea industry
of other
supplying
countries.
- Disseminate
findings of the
analysis to the
industry.
- Encourage
plantation of
high yielding
varieties of tea
as
recommended
- Conduct comparative
analysis on yield/post
harvest losses of the tea
industry of other
supplying countries.
- Issue press releases/
Web articles, other
information material etc.
on research findings.
- Implement assistance
schemes to encourage
plantation of high
yielding varieties of tea
among small holder
plantations as
recommended by TRI.
- Implement assistance
schemes to encourage
new mechanisms in
85
No. Barriers EDB Role
Functions Actions
by TRI.
- Network with
stakeholders in
minimizing
post- harvest
losses.
minimizing post-harvest
losses among small
holder plantations as
recommended by TRI .
04
High cost of
production
Policy
Advisor
Facilitator
- Network with
stake-holders in
recommending
measures for
reducing cost of
production.
- Network with
stake-holders in
minimizing cost
of electricity &
transport.
- Forward policy papers
and recommend
programmes for
government funding
through the Ministry of
Plantations.
- Provide financing (Exim
Bank) for exporters to
install energy
management devices as
recommended by SEA.
05 Lack of invest-
ment for new
technology
and low
productive
machinery and
equipment
Policy
Advisor
Facilitator
Monitor
- Network with
stake-holders in
recommending
measures to the
government for
duty free
importation of
appropriate
technology
machinery and
equipment.
- Encourage
plantation
companies and
small holders to
use new
technology in
- Forward policy papers
and recommend
programmes for
government
authorization for duty
free importation through
the Ministry of
Plantations.
- Implement assistance
schemes for importation
of new technology.
- Monitor periodically the
impact of the above
programmes
implemented.
86
No. Barriers EDB Role
Functions Actions
their processes.
- Develop a
mechanism
with the
stakeholders to
monitor
periodically the
impact of the
above
programmes
implemented.
06 Lack of
demand
driven R & D
Promoter Network with
stake-holders in
investing in
demand driven
R&D.
Joint ventures with
international R & D
institutes for technology
transfer.
07 Low product
diversification
on RTDs
Knowledge
provider
Policy
Advisor
- Network with
stake holders
for product
diversification
of the tea
industry of
other supplying
countries.
- Disseminate
research/ study
findings to the
industry.
- Network with
stake-holders in
recommending
measures to the
government for
allocation of
resources for
- Conduct
research/studies on
product developments
periodically.
- Issue press releases/
Web articles, other
information material,
etc. on research findings.
- Forward policy papers
and recommend
programmes for
government to invest in
product diversification.
87
No. Barriers EDB Role
Functions Actions
product
diversification.
08 Lack of
entrepreneurs
hip and
competitivenes
s among small
holders
Policy
Advisor
Facilitator
- Recommend
policies to
enhance
capacities of
small holder
plantations in
entrepreneurshi
p business
management,
quality
development,
etc.
- Network with
stakeholders to
promote
entrepreneurshi
p and capacity
building of
small holders.
- Forward policy papers
and recommend
programmes for
government to invest in
enhancing
competitiveness of small
holder plantations.
- Implement assistance
programmes on a
reimbursement basis for
productivity
improvement and
quality management
programmes of small
holders.
09 Lack of
initiatives for
mergers and
acquisitions
Policy
Advisor
Recommend
policies to enhance
mergers and
acquisitions of
small holder
plantations for
economies of scale.
Assistance schemes for
PPPs on acquisition and
mergers.
88
(3) Product Sector: Rubber & Rubber Products Sector - Triggers
No. Triggers EDB Role Functions Actions
01 Established
industry in Sri
Lanka as well as
worldwide
Facilitator
Promoter
Create
awareness
internationally.
Carry out targeted and
product specific marketing
activities.
02 A network of
industry-
specific
supporting
services
Facilitator
- Release
sufficient
funds to
upkeep and
maintain
these
institutions.
- Make
maximum
use of the
services.
- Increase productivity
through assistance
schemes to implement
export oriented testing
and certification
programme and assistance
to upgrade technology on
manufacturing of value
added products.
03 Natural rubber
is an essential
raw material in
the
manufacture of
certain
products
Policy
Adviser
Promoter
Facilitator
As Sri Lanka
has a NR supply
base, promote
exports of NR
products
overseas.
- Facilitate increase of
supply of natural rubber.
- Increase productivity.
04 Contributes to
carbon trading
Promoter
Facilitator
Policy
Adviser
This aspect has
not been
studied at all.
Hence, it is
suggested that a
study be
undertaken to
look into the
possibilities.
Create awareness.
89
No. Triggers EDB Role Functions Actions
05 The rising
demand for NR
products in the
global market
Promoter
Product
development
and targeted
marketing
overseas.
- Carry out targeted &
product specific
marketing activities.
- Create awareness.
06 Rubber is an
environmentally
friendly raw
material
Knowledge
Provider
Promote this
concept
globally.
- Carry out targeted &
product specific
marketing activities.
07 Rubber is now
being grown in
non-traditional
areas
Facilitator/P
olicy
Advisor
Expand
cultivation in
non-traditional
areas by
providing
incentives and
subsidies.
Co-ordinate with relevant
agencies to increase the
supply of raw materials.
08 Trained work
force in the
products
industry
Promoter/
Facilitator
Increase
productivity
and make
maximum use
of the trained
workforce.
Increase productivity.
Product Sector: Rubber Products Sector - Barriers
No. Barriers EDB Role Functions
Actions
01 Inadequate
raw material
Natural
Rubber (NR)
and the
supply and
price
fluctuations
Policy
Adviser
Promoter
- Introduce
new clones
with more
latex.
- Increase
productivity
of the
plantation
sector.
- Introduce
- Co -ordinate with relevant
agencies to increase the
supply of raw materials.
- Develop new capacities to
enhance competence of
the exporter community.
90
No. Barriers EDB Role Functions
Actions
rubber
growing in
non-
traditional
areas (e.g.
Moneragala).
- Increase latex
extraction.
02 Insufficient R
& D and high
cost of testing
and
certification
Facilitator
Promoter
Knowledge
Provider
- Encourage
and provide
support to
other testing,
research and
certification
organizations
within the
country.
- Formulate a
financial
assistance
scheme and
implement it
for testing
and
certification.
- Encourage export oriented
investment for R&D and
product
development/adaptation
(designs, packaging, etc.).
- Network with other
related organizations.
- Disseminate findings to
business community.
03 High cost of
machinery
and
technology
transfer
Promoter
Facilitator
- Encourage
Foreign
Direct
Investment
(FDI) and
Joint
Ventures (JV)
in the rubber
Industry.
- Introduction of advanced
technologies to selected
manufacturing units
based on a industry
surveys.
- Increase productivity
through assistance to
upgrade technology in the
manufacture of value
91
No. Barriers EDB Role Functions
Actions
- Promote
clustering
and private –
public sector
partnerships
and re-
activate the
rubber city
project.
added products.
- Create awareness on new
technology.
04 Non-tariff
barriers and
insufficient
importance
given to
relevant
marketing
approaches
and
programmes
Promoter
- Re-position
Sri Lanka as a
capable
supplier of
quality
rubber
products.
- Systematic
penetration of
selected
markets.
- Organize appropriate and
product specific market
promotion activities.
- Carry out targeted and
product specific
marketing activities.
- Improve market
intelligence by providing
information on market
trends, new products,
tariff and non tariff
barriers, etc.
- Implement focused
market development
programmes in identified
markets.
- Develop export oriented
SMEs and promote
linkage between
exporters.
05 Insufficient
supporting
facilities
Promoter/
Facilitator
- Encourage
establishmen
t of rubber
compoundin
g and supply
- Network with all trade
related international and
local agencies, R&D, BDS,
technical assistance, etc.
- Provide financing for
92
No. Barriers EDB Role Functions
Actions
chain
facilities.
- SMEs in the
rubber
industry
should
organize
themselves
as a
consortium
for
importing
essential
chemicals
and other
raw
materials
(such as
synthetic
rubber).
exports.
- Facilitate local infra-
structure development
and export related
services.
06 High cost of
finance
Facilitator
- Access to
finance at
reasonable
interest
rates.
- Energy
made
available at
competitive
prices.
- Encourage
the use of
alternative
and cost
efficient
Co-ordinate with relevant
organizations in respect of
making available financing
for exports at competitive
prices.
93
No. Barriers EDB Role Functions
Actions
energy
sources.
07 High cost of
energy
- Energy
made
available at
competitive
prices.
- Encourage
the use of
alternative
and cost
efficient
energy
sources.
Negotiate with relevant
agencies to make available
energy at competitive rates.
08 Substitution
by synthetic
rubbers
Policy
Adviser
Promoter
Facilitator
- Further
product
development
of NR based
products.
- Creation of
awareness in
respect of the
qualities of
NR.
- Create awareness of
positive qualities when
using NR.
- Carry out further product
development with NR.
94
(4) Product Sector: Gem, Diamond & Jewellery Product Sector - Triggers
No. Triggers EDB Role Functions Action
01 Availability of
quality raw
material (gem
stones)
Promoter/
Facilitator
- Maximize
utilization of
local raw
material.
- Introduce
efficient
mining
process.
- Maximize
value
addition.
- Implement assistance
schemes to encourage
exporters to go in to high
value added products.
- Popularize internationally
accredited gem
certification and
hallmarking to build
consumer confidence.
02 Duty free
access to raw
material
Policy
Adviser
Promoter
Use cost
advantage for
competitive
pricing.
Increase
production to
meet demand.
- Recommend measures to
maintain a conducive
business environment to
enhance competitiveness
of exports of products and
services.
- Organize appropriate
market promotion
activities, i.e,
participation at
international trade
fairs/exhibitions/single
country exhibitions,
inward buying missions,
outward promotion
missions, contact
promotion programmes,
road shows, establishment
of display
centres/windows, etc.
95
No. Triggers EDB Role Functions Action
03 International
reputation as
quality
producer of
gem stones,
especially
sapphires
Facilitator
Increase
marketability of
Sri Lankan
products.
Raise reputation
to obtain
premium prices.
- Increase the availability of
state and plantation lands
for gemming.
- Designate an exclusive
location in Colombo and
in major resort areas for
retailing gems and
jewellery for tourists.
04 High quality
cutting
industry
Promoter
Promote Sri
Lanka as a
quality cutting
centre and high
quality raw
material for
jewellery.
- Launch an international
media campaign targeting
both the trade and
consumers in selected
markets.
- Develop FACETS Sri
Lanka as a major
international event.
05 Traditional
craftsmanship
Policy
Adviser/
Monitor/
Promoter
Increase
marketing
efforts to access
niche markets.
Impose
premium
pricing.
- Launch product, market
and regional export
development
programmes.
- Ensure that exports meet
international standards
and requirements.
- Formulate marketing
strategies to enhance Sri
Lankan exports.
06 Highly
trainable
workforce
Promoter
- Maximize
use of
human
resources.
- Increase
efficiency of
productions.
- Ensure high
Provide high quality training.
96
No. Triggers EDB Role Functions Action
quality
products.
07 Reputation of
handmade
jewellery
Facilitator/
Promoter
Access high-end
of the market.
Brand Sri
Lankan
jewellery.
Impose
premium prices.
- Carry out skills
development programmes
to develop competencies
in producing value added
products.
- Launch an investment
drive locally and
internationally to attract
investors to establish
/expand factories.
- Launch an international
media campaign targeting
both the trade and
consumers in selected
markets.
Product Sector: Diamond, Gem & Jewellery Sector – Barriers
No. Barriers EDB Role Functions Actions
01 Inconsistent
supply of gem
material
Lack of
linkages
among the
supply chain
Facilitator Identify
primary gem
deposits and
improve mining
technology.
- Increase the availability of
State and plantation lands
for gemming.
- Expedite the
commencement of a
national gem deposit
survey.
- Initiate research to
increase mining
productivity with
appropriate technology.
97
No. Barriers EDB Role Functions Actions
- Negotiate bi-lateral gem
trade agreements with
other source-countries.
02 Lack of
finances to
process rough
gems (mainly
geuda)
Export of
rough gems
without value
addition
Facilitator Implement
financial
schemes at
concessionary
rates.
- Provide collateral support
for fixed and working
capital by establishing
credit guarantee funds.
- Initiate dialogue to permit
banks to grant loans for
precious metals.
03 Lack of
trained labour
for value
added
activities
Promoter
Increase the
supply of
skilled gem
cutters/
craftsmen.
Create
awareness of
employment
opportunities of
the sectors.
Provide high quality
training.
04 Lack of
manufacturing
capabilities
Facilitator
Knowledge
Provider
Improve
manufacturing
and design
development
capabilities.
Upgrade
workshops.
- Carry out skill
development programmes
to develop competencies
in producing value added
products.
- Obtain services of Experts
to improve manufacturing
and design capabilities.
05 Low
international
awareness of
Sri Lanka’s
Promoter
Facilitator
Create
awareness
among the
international
- Launch an investment
drive locally and
internationally to attract
investors to
98
No. Barriers EDB Role Functions Actions
jewellery
industry
community of
Sri Lanka’s
strengths.
establish/expand factories.
- Develop a new “gem
tourism” product
including artisan villages,
museums and education.
- Designate an exclusive
location in Colombo and
in major resort areas for
retailing gems and
jewellery for tourists.
- Popularize internationally
accredited gem
certification and
hallmarking to build
consumer confidence.
- Launch an international
media campaign targeting
both trade & consumers in
selected markets.
06 Insufficient
market
promotion
activities
Promoter
Improve Sri
Lanka’s
visibility in
selected
markets.
Re-position Sri
Lanka as a
jewellery
manufacturer.
- Launch an international
media campaign targeting
both the trade and
consumers in selected
markets.
- Develop “FACETS SRI
LANKA” as a major
international event.
- Organize prominent
national pavilions at major
trade fairs in target
markets.
99
(5) Product Sector: ICT/IT Sector - Triggers
No. Triggers EDB Role Functions Action
01 Availability of
sufficient
infrastructure.
Promoter Uplift the
position of Sri
Lanka as a
provider of ICT
services.
- Promote the Sri Lankan
ICT industry through the
web portal.
- Participate in international
forums and exhibitions.
02 High
education
level of the
younger
population
Facilitator
Adviser
Provide advice
on the
opportunities
available in the
ICT/BPO sector
and encourage
the student
community to
develop ICT
skills.
Take across the message of
ICT/BPO sector opportunities
through the programmes
with universities and the
educational institutes.
03 South Asia is
known
globally for IT
skills.
Promoter Use this South
Asian
reputation to
impress buyers.
Highlight this fact in
promotions as and when
relevant.
04 ICT is one of
the most
sought after
professions of
the young
generation.
Facilitator
Adviser
Make use of this
enthusiasm and
direct them to
IT skills, which
are in demand.
Student community and IT
exporters to be brought
forward for continuous
interaction.
05 Cultural
adaptability to
western
cultures
Promoter Make use of this
characteristic in
promotional
efforts.
Promote the ICT sector in
western business cultures.
06 British
business
practices are
established in
Sri Lanka
Promoter Give priority to
markets with
British business
practices.
Find markets with British
business practices to
promote the ICT sector.
100
07 English
language
proficiency.
Promoter Make use of this
characteristic to
highlight the
advantages to
the customers.
Promote markets which use
English as the business
language.
Product Sector: ICT/IT Sector - Barriers
No. Barriers EDB Role Functions Actions
01 Lack of
specific
software skills.
Facilitator Bring together
universities and
educational
establishments
with exporters
in order to
promote specific
and most
suitable
software skills
for exports,
among the
student
community.
- Organize seminars/
awareness programmes to
encourage exporters, to
engage with education
establishments.
- Organizing continuous
interaction between
educational establishments
and ICT exporters.
02 Lack of capital
Facilitator
Promote the Sri
Lankan
software
industry as a
potential sector
for investment.
Contribute of funds to
Venture Capital project,
especially for the service
sector.
03
Lack of
statistics
Facilitator
Develop a
mechanism to
get annual
statistics for the
sector.
- Carry out an annual
industry value survey.
- Develop a mechanism in
collaboration with the
Exchange Control
Department and Central
Bank.
04 Infrastructure
is costly
Facilitator
Get telecom
service
Organize continuous
interaction between exporters
101
No. Barriers EDB Role Functions Actions
compared to
competitors.
providers to
reduce costs
and encourage
more volume to
be used.
and telecom providers.
05 Not known as
an IT service
provider
internationally.
Promoter Promote Sri
Lanka globally
as an IT service
provider.
Get the services of a global PR
company to do a country
study.
06 Lack of
comprehensive
studies on
strengths and
weaknesses
compared to
global
demand.
Facilitator
Benchmark the
Sri Lanka ICT
industry vis-a-
vis global ICT
industry.
Get the services of a global
research company to do a
benchmarking exercise.
07 Lack of
software staff.
Promoter Encourage Sri
Lanka ICT
companies to
find partners in
specific market
segments which
they can cater
to.
Select and promote
programmes targeting specific
market segments.
08 English
Language
proficiency
Promoter Make use of this
characteristic to
highlight the
advantages to
potential
markets.
Promote markets which use
English as the business
language.
(6) Product Sector: Food & other beverages - Triggers
102
No. Triggers EDB Role Functions Actions
01 Excess fruit
and vegetable
production
during the
seasons
Promoter
Facilitator
Facilitate
utilization of
excess fruits and
vegetables for
exports.
- Assist industries to expand
production capacity and
modernize manufacturing
processes.
- Encourage setting up of cold
room facilities.
- Develop a resource map
(data base) for the sector.
- Facilitate R&D programmes
to produce innovative
products.
02 Distinctive
flavor in
selected fruit
crops
Promoter
Facilitator
Facilitate
marketing of
selected fruit
crops with a
distinctive
flavour.
- Identify/certify the National
Origin of Distinctive crops
and flavours in
collaboration with
professional food
processing and technical
institutes.
- Initiate a branding
programme for selected
fruit crops.
- Encourage export of kithul
treacle products.
- Arrange suitable marketing
programmes to promote
products internationally.
- Facilitate producer/export
investments and buy- back
arrangements.
03 Expansion of
ports and
harbours
(Proposed
Harbor and
Air Port in the
Promoter/
Facilitator
Promote the
establishment of
food processing
plants.
- Create awareness of
potential products.
- Encourage establishment of
processing plants to utilize
production in the regions.
103
No. Triggers EDB Role Functions Actions
Southern
region.)
- Establish commercial
projects
- Link farmer clusters with
food processors and
exporters.
- Assist to develop
infrastructure facilities in
selected locations. Product Sector: Food & other beverages – Barriers
No. Barriers EDB Role Functions Actions
01 Lack of
Research and
Development
Facilitator Facilitate R & D - Initiate R & D programmes
to produce innovative
products with relevant
government departments,
institutions, universities
and manufacturers/
producers.
02 Lack of
quality
products with
internationally
accepted
standards and
certification
Promoter
Facilitator
Upgrade
products to be
compatible
with
international
standards.
- Assist to obtain
international quality
standard certificates.
- Provide up-to-date industry
information and market
intelligence.
03 High
competition in
the world
market.
Promoter/
Facilitator
Upgrade food
processing
industries to be
competitive.
- Strengthen the supply chain
and enhance value chain
efficiency.
- Do research on cost
effective production
processes.
- Promote food & beverages.
- Facilitate the import of
selected products which are
104
No. Barriers EDB Role Functions Actions
in short supply for re-
export.
(7) Product Sector: Spices & allied products- Triggers
No. Triggers EDB Role Functions Actions
01 High market
growth.
Monitor
Knowledge
Provider
Promoter
Monitor market
trends and
increase market
share in existing
and new
markets.
- Compile and disseminate
up- to-date industry
information including
market intelligence.
- Raise awareness among the
stakeholders regarding the
potential/opportunities of
the industry
- Conduct market
promotional programmes to
increase the market share in
traditional and new
markets.
02 Increasing
demand for
value added
products.
Facilitator
Encourage
industrialists to
invest in value
added products.
- Facilitate value addition
through introduction of
new technology.
- Facilitate investment in
value added products.
- Encourage PPPs
investments for value
addition.
03 High demand
for aromas,
flavours and
other
ingredients
Knowledge
Provider
Promoter
Facilitator
Educate the
industry on new
market trends
and encourage
investments in
- Conduct market research/
surveys and organize
awareness programmes to
disseminate information.
- Organize technical exposure
105
No. Triggers EDB Role Functions Actions
specially from
the EU
markets
new products.
programmes in
collaboration with foreign
/local consultants.
- Introduce PPPs investment
programmes for product
development.
- Integrated product/market
development programmes.
04 High customer
loyalty to Sri
Lankan spices
Promoter
Knowledge
Provider
Launch market
promotion
programmes in
potential
markets and
facilitate supply
of quality spices
to maintain
customer
loyalty.
- Launch promotional
programmes in selected
markets.
- Launch an international
media campaign for brand
promotion of Ceylon
cinnamon.
- Register trade marks
registrations with National
Intellectual Property (NIP)
and relevant foreign
agencies.
- Assist industry to obtain
international quality
standards.
05 Ability to
enhance the
productivity
of the industry
Facilitator/
Knowledge
Provider
Improve
productivity of
the industry for
efficient use of
available
resources.
- Liaise with relevant
institutions to identify
appropriate technology.
- Organize awareness
programmes in
collaboration with
international consultants
and national universities to
transfer technology to the
industry.
106
No. Triggers EDB Role Functions Actions
- Encourage industrialists to
coordinate with relevant
institutes for knowledge
transfer.
06 Advantages
enjoyed under
Geographical
Indication (GI)
Promoter Establish a
mechanism to
obtain
geographical
indicators for
selected crops.
- Obtain GIs for ‘Ceylon
Cinnamon’.
- Formulate a mechanism to
obtain GIs for pepper in
collaboration with the
relevant agencies.
Product Sector: Spices & allied products – Barriers
No. Barriers EDB Role Functions Actions
01 Lack of
quality
supplies for
exports
Facilitator Co-ordinate
with relevant
agencies to
expand the
extent under
cultivation and
increase
production.
- Encourage regional
plantation companies to
cultivate spices in their
plantations.
- Introduce high yielding
varieties and other good
agricultural practices in
collaboration with the
relevant government
authorities.
02 Lack of
investment of
value creation
processes
Facilitator Encourage
investors/
Exporters to
create value.
- Assist to improve value
chain efficiency through
upgrading the production
process to meet
international quality
standards.
03 Lack of
technology
Facilitator/
Knowledge
Facilitate
technology
- Conduct awareness
programmes on Good
107
No. Barriers EDB Role Functions Actions
transfer to the
industrialists
provider transfer to the
industry.
Agricultural Practices.
- Introduce new farm
technology to the industry.
04 Lack of
quality
improvement
programmes
Promoter/
Knowledge
provider
Facilitate
quality
improvement
programmes.
- Assist to obtain quality
certification.
- Conduct awareness
programmes in
collaboration with SLSI and
DEA.
- Launch technical exposure
programmes for
industrialists.
- Encourage the industry to
maintain quality
throughout the supply
chain.
- Create awareness
programmes on
International Quality
Standards.
05 Lack of
technically
skilled labour
Facilitator/
Knowledge
provider
Improve
technical skills
of the industry.
- Organize skill development
programmes to improve
technical knowledge of the
work force in collaboration
with relevant institutions.
06 Diminishing
share in
existing
markets and
unexploited
potential in
niche markets.
Promoter Strengthen the
market share in
existing
markets and
explore
potential in
new markets.
Conduct appropriate market
development programmes in
existing and potential niche
markets.
Trigger/Barriers Analysis for Other Product Sectors (OPS)
108
(1) Product Sector: Fish & fishery products - Triggers
No. Triggers EDB Role Functions Actions
01 International
recognition for
quality fish
products and
traceability
Monitor
Facilitator
Promoter
Monitor and
upgrade
industry
standards to
maintain the
international
recognition.
- Coordinate with relevant
local authorities to
conduct periodic
inspections for monitoring
and maintenance of
industry standards.
- Liaise with relevant
international agencies to
obtain updated industry
information and
implement technology
transfer programmes.
- Continue membership
with INFOFISH.
- Conduct awareness
seminars and
international publicity
campaigns.
Promoter Market
promotion of
products in
existing and
new markets.
- Participate in major sea
food exhibitions to
increase the market share.
02 Adherence to
CITES
regulations to
protect
endangered
fish species
Knowledge
Provider
Comply with
international
regulations to
avoid conflicts.
- Create awareness of
international conventions
to protect endangered fish
species.
03 Opportunities
for
Promoter
Promote
exploitation of
- Create awareness of
export opportunities and
109
No. Triggers EDB Role Functions Actions
exploitation of
fish resources
in North and
East for export
Facilitator
available
fisheries
resources.
quality requirements.
- Facilitate establishment of
infrastructure.
- Facilitate studies to
identify opportunities for
establishment of
aquaculture projects.
04 Year-round
fishing and
decentralized
fish harbour
facilities
Promoter
Ensure quality
fish supply for
export
- Encourage foreign
collaboration to establish
processing & canning
facilities.
05 Availability of
natural water
bodies
suitable for
establishment
of aquaculture
projects.
Promoter
Knowledge
provider
Facilitator
Increase
cultured fish
supply for
export.
- Create awareness of
export opportunities and
quality requirements.
- Assist implementation of
pilot projects.
Product Sector: Fish & fishery products – Barriers
No. Barriers EDB Role Functions Actions
01 Imposition of
regulations,
tariff and non-
tariff barriers
by the
importing
countries
Knowledge
Provider
Facilitator
Facilitate
adherence to
entry
requirements of
international
markets.
- Provide industry
stakeholders with market
intelligence.
- Conduct periodical
analysis for quality &
standard requirements in
international markets.
- Build capacity to
overcome non tariff
barriers.
- Conduct awareness
110
No. Barriers EDB Role Functions Actions
Seminars/media
campaigns
- Assist industry to comply
with international
standards, regulations and
certifications.
02 Inadequate
applications of
modern
technology for
deep sea /
offshore
fishing and
value addition
techniques.
Knowledge
provider /
Facilitator
Facilitate export
of quality fish
products to
boost export
earnings.
- Carry out research on
value added techniques
- Conduct training and
exposure programmes.
- Assist to produce and
export value added
products through
introduction of latest
technology.
- Increase export of quality
tuna fish by application of
long line technology.
03 Lack of raw
material for
processing
and value
addition
Policy
Adviser
Increase supply
of raw material
for processing
and value
addition.
- Co-ordinate with relevant
authorities to review
import regulations for raw
materials.
- Facilitate import of high
value exotic edible fish
species to breed and
culture in captivity.
04 Under
utilization of
deep sea
fisheries
resources and
potential for
aquaculture
Knowledge
Provider /
Facilitator
Facilitate
utilization of
untapped
fisheries
resources and
potential
aquaculture
- Commercialization of Fin
fish / shell fish culture in
cages/ponds and facilitate
exports.
- Facilitate application of
new technology to utilize
deep sea fisheries
111
No. Barriers EDB Role Functions Actions
production products for
export.
resources.
05 Growing
consumer
concern
towards eco-
friendly
chemical free
fishery
products.
Facilitator /
Promoter /
Knowledge
Provider
Create
awareness on
new market
trends and
adopt suitable
measures to
capture a
considerable
share in the
market.
- Encourage organic
farming of shrimps and
other aquaculture
products.
- Create awareness of new
market trends for
sustainable and eco-
friendly fisheries
products.
- Assist exporters to obtain
eco-labels to be
competitive in the
international market.
06 Decline of
shrimp supply
for export due
to sudden
disease
outbreaks.
Facilitator /
Knowledge
Provider
Ensure constant
supply of
shrimps for
exports.
- Facilitate introduction of
an insurance scheme for
shrimp farmers.
- Create awareness of
disease control methods
and Best Management
Practices.
(2) Product Sector: Coconut & coconut based products - Triggers
112
No. Triggers EDB Role Functions Actions
01 Increasing
trend for
natural
products
(specially fibre
based)
Knowledge
provider
Provide industry information and assure supply of quality products
- Disseminate information on market intelligence.
- Establish & launch a data base on “Sri Lankan Coconut Products”.
- Skills development programmes to manufacture value added products.
Promoter Identify new
markets.
- Promote export of value
added coir products in
traditional & new
markets.
- Launch brand promotion
for desiccated coconut &
bristle fibre.
- Promote the use of geo
textiles internationally for
erosion control.
Knowledge
provider
Create
awareness of
local use of geo
textiles and
other coir
products.
- Create awareness of local usage of coir base products in collaboration with relevant stake holders.
- Facilitate
commercialization of new
and innovative products.
Product Sector: Coconut & coconut based products - Barriers
113
No. Barriers EDB Role Functions Actions
01 Shortage of
fresh coconut
to use as a raw
material in
kernel based
products.
Facilitator Work with
Coconut
Cultivation
Board to
increase the
acreage
especially in the
North and East.
Request the Coconut
Cultivation Board (CCB) to
encourage more coconut
cultivation especially of high
yielding varieties.
Knowledge
provider
Reduce local
consumption/w
astage of
coconuts.
- Conduct awareness
programmes to promote
efficient domestic usage of
fresh coconut.
- Research and
Development on value
added Kernel products.
02 Non
availability of
simplified
export
procedures
Facilitator Streamline
export
procedures to
facilitate
exports.
Adopt
appropriate
policies to
promote export
of value added
products.
Conduct discussions with
relevant stakeholders to
streamline export procedures
and reduce export CESS for
value added coconut
products.
03 High prices of
raw materials
(coconut
husks) use in
the industry.
Policy
Advisor
Facilitator
Encourage
manufacturing
of coconut chips
in non fibre
producing
areas.
- Create awareness on
productive usage of
coconut husks in
identified non fiber
producing areas.
- Encourage exporters to
establish husks chip
114
No. Barriers EDB Role Functions Actions
manufacturing industries
in selected areas.
(3) Product Sector: Electrical & Electronics- Triggers
No. Triggers EDB Role Functions Actions
01 Trainable
workforce
Knowledge
Provider
Industry
specific skills
development
programmes to
meet the needs
of the industry.
- Conduct awareness and
skills development
programmes.
- Provide specific training
for the exporter
community.
02 Capability/flex
ibility in MOQ
(Minimum
Order Quality)
Promoter
Profile Sri
Lanka’s
producers/
suppliers of
electronic
products &
disseminate
their capabilities
to overseas
buyers.
Improve the web portal to
provide this information and
to promote the web portal.
03 The industry
is integrated
with the
software and
ICT industry
Facilitator
Promoter
Develop the
supply
capabilities of
the industry to
cater to the ICT
Sector.
- Network with relevant
private and public
stakeholders of ICT &
electronic sector.
- Assist to upgrade quality
to meet requirements of
the buyers of ICT Sector.
04 Low cost
production
Facilitator
Promoter
- Position Sri
Lanka as a
source of
low cost
electric
products.
- Promote Sri Lankan
electronic industry
through the web portal &
Sri Lankan missions, the
Diaspora abroad.
- Assist to improve
115
No. Triggers EDB Role Functions Actions
- Enhance the
productivity
of the
industry.
- Promote
backward
integration.
productivity.
- Liaise with relevant
agencies to encourage
investment in the electric
sector.
05 Low cost
middle level
technical staff
& good
alternative to
abundant
employees of
the apparel
sector
Facilitator Promote Sri
Lanka electric
industry as a
potential sector
for investment.
Liaise with BOI to attract
investment/joint ventures to
the electric sector.
06 ISFTA &
PSFTA
capability of
catering to
South Asian
market on
duty free basis
Knowledge
Provider/
Promoter
- Identify
specific
products to
promote in
the SAARC
region.
- Create
awareness of
Grant
concessions
under the
FTAs.
- Establish
linkages
with Indian
electrical
industry for
such
contracting.
- Conduct market surveys/
research.
- Disseminate market
information to the
industry.
- Carry out appropriate
market promotion
programmes.
- Assist exporters to
establish linkages with
overseas manufacturers.
Product Sector: Electrical & electronic- Barriers
116
No. Barriers EDB Role Functions Actions
01 Under
utilization of
facilities
available in Sri
Lanka in
products
design, R&D,
etc.
Facilitator
Knowledge
Provider
- Establish links
among
Universities,
R&D
institutions
and the
industry.
- Encourage
R&D in the
electrical
sector.
- Provide new
technical/desi
gn trends &
know how to
the industry.
- Network with all R&D
& academic institutes
to meet R&D needs of
the industry.
- Liaise with relevant
agencies to disseminate
and transfer
technical/design trends
& knowledge.
02 Lack of
backward
integration &
supporting
industries
Facilitator
Policy
Adviser
- Set up a
dedicated
park for
manufacturers
of electrical
products and
supporting
industries.
- Policy
measures to
encourage
backward
integration.
- Liaise with relevant
agencies and the
industry to set an e-
park
- Make
recommendations to
the government to
promote backward
integration in the
electrical industry.
03 No name as a
electrical
manufacturer
Promoter
- Promote Sri
Lanka as a
quality
supplier of
electrical
products and
components.
- Organize appropriate
market promotion
activities.
- Promote Sri Lankan
electric industry
through the web portal,
Sri Lankan Missions
117
No. Barriers EDB Role Functions Actions
- Launch an
aggressive
market
promotion
campaign.
abroad and diaspora.
04 Comparatively
high cost of
production
due to
imported
inputs
Policy
Adviser
Make policy
recommendations
to encourage
backward
integration.
Liaise with relevant
agencies to adopt
appropriate measures to
encourage setting up of
supporting industries for
electrical sector.
05 Lack of local
market for
export
industries to
mature (due to
import
intervention)
Policy
Adviser
Promoter
- Improve
quality of
locally
manufactured
electrical
products.
- Policy
recommendati
ons to
discourage
import of
electric
products.
- Assist manufacturers to
improve quality of the
product.
- Liaise with relevant
agencies to introduce
measures to discourage
imported electrical
products.
118
(5) Product Sector: Paper & paper products (Printing, Paper Product and
Stationery) - Triggers
Printing
No. Triggers EDB Role Functions Actions
01 Easy access to
workforce due
to job
recognition.
Facilitator Strengthen the
skills of
workforce to
suit export
market.
Strength and upgrade
training institutions and
carry out advanced training
programmes.
Paper & Paper based
01 Highly
trainable work
force
Facilitator Strengthen the
skills of
workforce to
suit export
market.
Facilitate exchange of
printing technology and
expand industry.
02 Availability of
creative skills
Facilitator
Promoter
Knowledge
provider
Access to niche
market with
premium price.
- Carry out product
adaptation,
development
programmes.
- Organize appropriate
market promotion
activities, i.e.,
participation in
international trade
fairs/exhibitions/single
country exhibitions,
outward buying
missions.
03 Availability of
variety of raw
materials
119
Product Sector: Paper & paper products (Printing, Paper Product and
Stationery) – Barriers
Printing
No. Barriers EDB Role Functions Actions
01 Limited
number of
companies
with export
potential.
Facilitator Facilitate the
exchange of
printing
technology.
Create awareness on the
export potential and provide
necessary facilities (finances,
market information).
02 Lack of
recognition of
Sri Lanka as
country to
source
printing
Promoter Launch an
aggressive
International
Market
promotion
programmes in
key markets.
Create awareness and carry
out product specific
marketing programmes.
03 Insufficient
skilled labour
force.
Facilitator
Knowledge
provider
Strengthen and
upgrade
training
institutes.
Obtain international
professional experts for
training and introduce high
tech machinery for advanced
training.
04 High cost of
financing
Monitor
Facilitate low
cost financing.
Initiate dialogue with local
finance institutions.
05 Non
availability of
supporting
services
Facilitator
Backward &
forward
linkages.
Encourage & develop service
providers. (book binding,
finishing and other related
services.
Develop raw materials for the
industry.)
Paper & Paper based
01 Insufficient
Export
Capacity
Facilitator Encourage
investments
Create awareness of export
market opportunities.
02 Unorganized Facilitator Promote Formation of clusters and
120
No. Barriers EDB Role Functions Actions
and scattered
nature of
industry with
many small
entrepreneurs.
Promoter
professionalism
and create
industry
linkages.
organize local event to create
recognition.
(6) Product Sector: Boat Building - Triggers
No. Triggers EDB Role Functions Actions
01 Capability in
manufacturing
high quality
products.
Facilitator
Promoter
- Supply chain
efficiency to
maintain
competitiven
ess.
- Market
development
programmes
to enter
new/emergin
g markets.
- Assist to adopt new
technology and
productivity
improvements.
- Carry out market
development programmes
in relevant markets.
- Conduct research to
identify market
potential/new markets.
- Liaise with relevant
academic/technical
institutions to meet HR
requirements of the
industry.
02 Increasing
demand in
fisheries,
tourism,
defense and
oil industry
Facilitator - Promote
backward
integration
for rising
input needs
of the
industry.
- Liaise with the Treasury
to adjust tariff structure to
encourage backward
integration.
- Liaise with other sections
(i.e., oil industry, defense)
to use locally
121
No. Triggers EDB Role Functions Actions
- Introduce
new designs
to cater to
demands
from other
sections.
- Establish
required
infrastructur
e and other
services.
manufactured boats.
- Liaise with relevant
agencies to develop
infrastructure required by
the industry.
03 Government
policy to
making Sri
Lanka a naval
hub
Facilitator
Policy
adviser
Formulate a
road map to
develop the boat
industry in line
with
Government
Policy.
Liaise with all relevant
agencies to formulate a road
map to develop the industry.
04 Existence of
certified
institutions
such as Lloyds
in Sri Lanka.
Facilitator
Knowledge
provider
Create
awareness of
international
standards of
boats.
- Liaise with certification
institutions to educate the
manufacturers on
international standards.
- Initiate assistance schemes
for industrialists to obtain
the Lloyds certification.
05 Existence of
Boat
Technology
Improvement
Institution
(BTI) to
develop the
industry
Facilitator - Co-operate
to transfer
modern
technology,
enhance
technical
skills &
productivity
improvemen
- Liaise with BTI and other
stakeholders to transfer
modern technology to the
industry.
- Conduct market surveys
in collaboration with BTI.
- Continue to organize
122
No. Triggers EDB Role Functions Actions
t in the
sector.
- Assist to
identify
overseas
market
opportunitie
s.
“Boat Shows” with BTI.
06 High demand
for boats,
specially
leisure,
security and
oil industry in
EU, Asian,
Middle East
and African
regions
Promoter - Launch
market
development
programmes
in key
markets.
- Launch
image
building
programmes
for Sri Lanka
boat
industry.
- Assist boat building
exporters in their own
marketing efforts.
- Organize trade fairs,
single country exhibitions,
buyer/seller meetings
overseas.
- Launch image building
programmes for the boat
industry of Sri Lanka.
Product Sector: Boat Building – Barriers
No. Barriers EDB Role Functions Actions
01 Lack of
infrastructure
facilities at
production
yard to obtain
Lloyds
certification.
Facilitator
Policy
Adviser
Promoter
- Encourage
and assist to
upgrade
existing boat
yards to
meet
international
standards
- Liaise with relevant
agencies to upgrade
infrastructure needed by
the industry.
- Assist to upgrade the
existing boatyards to
international standards.
123
No. Barriers EDB Role Functions Actions
and establish
new
boatyards at
selected
suitable
location with
modern
facilities.
- Construct under water
hull repair facilities in
boatyards.
- Provide investment
incentives to develop
infrastructure.
02 Ocean & inland
water resources
and lands with
sea frontage are
not easily
accessible to
private
investors.
Facilitator - Attract
private
sector, local
and foreign
investors to
utilize lands
with sea
frontage to
develop boat
building &
ship
repairing.
- Liaise with relevant
agencies to formulate a
road map to optimize the
resources for developing
the boat industry.
- Liaise with BOI to attract
investors to boat industry
and relevant
infrastructure
development.
03 Lack of capital
to invest for
developing the
industry.
Facilitator
Knowledge
provider
- Attract
foreign &
local
investment
to develop
the boat
building
industry.
- Create
awareness
among the
business
community
of export
opportunitie
- Liaise with BOI to
promote investment.
- Conduct awareness
programmes/disseminate
information in
collaboration with
relevant agencies.
- Liaise with Central Bank
and commercial banks to
arrange soft loan facilities
for the industry.
124
No. Barriers EDB Role Functions Actions
s for the boat
industry.
04 Lack of design
Capabilities &
Slow
technological
transfers.
Limited
number of
trained work
force.
Promoter Develop
capacity
building
programmes for
the industry.
- Obtain expert services for
improving technology,
quality & product design.
- Develop skills
development programmes
together with Boat
Building Technology
Improvement Institute
(BTI) for improving skills.
05 Lack of
awareness of
market
potential &
market
opportunities.
Facilitator
Promoter
Make available
information on
export
opportunities
through Sri
Lanka Mission
overseas, the
Diaspora and
other
international
organizations.
- Conduct market research
to identify market
opportunities, trends and
to disseminate
information.
- Organize market exposure
programmes.
- Initiate a dialogue with
relevant institutions to
create a mechanism to get
information on
international trends.
- Introduce a mechanism
for international tender
monitoring service for the
exporters to get
information on current
International tenders.
06 Lack of
international
awareness of
Sri Lanka’s
Promoter Create
awareness
internationally
about Sri Lanka
- Carry out image building
programmes in key
markets.
- Organize appropriate
125
No. Barriers EDB Role Functions Actions
Boating
Industry
as a country of
Boat Builders.
market promotional
programmes such as boat
shows, buying missions in
identified markets.
- Assist the “Boat Show” Sri
Lanka.
07 High cost of
taxes, higher
freight charges
and procedural
barriers
Facilitator Measures to
reduce high
tariffs on raw
materials and
time
consuming
procedures.
Initiate a dialogue with the
Treasury and Sri Lanka
Customs and other relevant
institutions.
08 Inferior quality
of imported
raw material
Facilitator Initiate a
mechanism to
monitor the
quality
standards of
raw materials
imported.
Establish an accredited
certifying body to control the
quality of imported raw
material.
(7) Product Sector: Professional services - Triggers
126
(Construction related services/ Healthcare (Ayurvedic) services/ Finance &
Accounting outsourcing/ Legal services/ medical services/ Research/etc.)
No. Triggers EDB Role Functions Actions
01
Availability of
a pool of skills
Promoter Promote their
skills in global
markets.
Promote a professional
services web portal.
Organize promotional
activities.
02 Export market
prices are
attractive
compared to
local prices
Promoter Promote this
competitive
advantage in
global markets.
Promote a professional
services web portal.
Organize promotional
activities.
03 Ability to earn
foreign
exchange.
Adviser
Facilitator
Communicate
this benefit to
other service
exporters and
prospective
local service
exporters.
Organize awareness
programmes and press
campaigns to communicate
this advantage.
04 Ability of tax
concessions,
etc.
Adviser
Facilitator
Communicate
this benefit to
other service
exporters and
prospective
local service
exporters.
Organize awareness
programmes and press
campaigns to communicate
incentive available for the
professional services sector.
05 Global
exposure
Adviser
Facilitator
Communicate
the advantage
of global
exposure to
prospective
global service
exporters.
Organize awareness
programmes and press
campaigns to communicate
incentives available for the
professional services sector.
Product Sector: Professional services- Barriers
127
No. Barriers EDB Role Functions Actions
01 Lack of global
recognition as
service
provider.
Promoter Internationally
some
programmes to
gain the global
recognition as a
source country.
Hire a globally recognized
PR company to boost the
Sri Lankan image.
02 Prospective
service
exporters are
not aware of
benefits of
service
exports.
Advisor Raise
awareness of
the benefits of
the service
exports.
Organize awareness
programmes with resource
persons such as market
consultants.
03 Lack of
awareness of
regulations,
procedures
and incentives.
Advisor Raise the
awareness of
regulations &
procedures on
the service
exporters.
Organize practical
programmes to raise the
awareness of service
exporters on regulations etc.
04 Lack of market
knowledge
and market
mechanisms
such as
tenders, RFQs
etc.
Facilitator Develop a
mechanism to
facilitate market
awareness of
the service
exporters.
Develop a mechanism to
gather relevant, dynamic
market information service
sector.
05 Insufficient
utilization of
non resident
Sri Lankan to
obtain
marketing
advantage.
Facilitator Raise awareness
of Sri Lankan
capabilities
among the non
resident Sri
Lankans and
promote
relationship
with service
Gather information on
prominent non resident Sri
Lankans through foreign
missions.
128
No. Barriers EDB Role Functions Actions
exporters.
06 Low level of
quality
certification
among service
exporters.
Facilitator Provide
assistance to
service
providers to
obtain global
standards.
Implement a programme to
assist the service exporters
to obtain global quality
standards.
07 Lack of
upgrading of
skills with in
service
exporters.
Facilitator Assist service
providers to get
their skill sets in
par with global
demand.
Conduct awareness
programmes, exposure
programmes.
08
Non
availability of
sensitive
statistics.
Facilitator Obtain most
reliable
statistics.
Hire an audit company to
obtain sensitive statistics.
09
Tax & foreign
exchange
issues which
discourage
service
exporters.
Facilitator Resolve tax
issues foreign
exchange issues
relevant to
service exports.
Create a dialog between
service exporters and
related bodies.
(8) Product Sector: Ceramics & other mineral based products- Triggers
129
No. Triggers EDB Role Functions Actions
01 Highly
trainable
workforce.
Facilitator
Develop skills
to meet the
needs of export
industry.
Network with all trade
related international &
local agencies, R&D, BDS,
technical assistance etc.
02 Availability of
raw material.
Facilitator
Knowledge
Provider
Development of
zoning of land
for raw material
and introduce
efficient mining
procedures.
- Network with other
related organizations in
under-taking a
comprehensive
geological survey and
introduce efficient
mining procedures.
- Introduce new
technology for
purification.
03 Capability in
manufacturing
high quality
products.
Practicing
modern
manufacturing
techniques
and quality
assurance
methods.
Promoter
- Develop
brand
identity and
quality
recognition
for the
industry.
- Positioning
of the
industry in
niche export
market with
higher value
addition.
- Organize appropriate
market promotion
activities
- Implement programmes
for image building and
assist brand
development
programmes of
exporters.
- Increase competitiveness
of the industry by
providing expert
services.
Product Sector: Ceramic & other mineral based products – Barriers
130
No. Barriers EDB Role Functions Actions
01 Comparatively
high cost of
energy.
Policy
Advisor
Facilitator
- Measures to
be taken to
reduce the
high cost of
energy.
- Introduce
alternate
energy
sources and
systems for
efficient use
of energy.
- Initiate a dialogue with
Treasury and other
relevant institutions in
making available
energy sources (gas,
electricity and diesel)
at international prices
for the sector.
- Development of a
mechanism for
financing technology
improvement to
reduce energy costs.
02 Lack of brand
identity and
quality
recognition.
Promoter
Create a
country image
as a supplier of
quality
ceramic/
porcelain
- A planned coordinated
effort to promote the
image of ceramics
produced in Sri Lanka.
03 Lack of
technology &
design
intelligence.
Promoter
Knowledge
Provider
Obtaining of
expert services
for improving
technology,
quality, product
design &
packaging.
- Develop new
capacities to enhance
competencies in the
exporter community.
- Encourage export
oriented investment
for R&D and product
development/
adaptation (designs,
packaging, etc.).
- Conduct awareness
and skills development
programmes
- Provide specific
131
No. Barriers EDB Role Functions Actions
training for the
exporter community.
04 Inadequate
efforts to
capture new
markets.
Promoter Undertake
market
diversification
programmes
Organize focused market
promotion activities in
identified markets.
(9) Product Sector: Fruits & vegetables - Triggers
No. Triggers EDB Role Functions Actions
01 Prominent
sector in
agriculture
base products.
Facilitator
Knowledge
Provider
Facilitate and
encourage
more export
oriented
cultivation of
fruits and
vegetables.
- Develop a resource
map (data base).
- Provide industry
awareness and market
intelligence for the
stakeholders on
suitable crops for
export.
- Encourage commercial
cultivation.
- Introduce packaging
systems to minimize
post harvest losses and
improve quality.
- Develop and upgrade
- Existing transportation
systems with the help
of relevant
organizations.
- Network with all trade
related and local
agencies to obtain
market information
132
No. Triggers EDB Role Functions Actions
and technical
assistance.
02 Highly diverse
agro ecological
zones
(opportunities
for cultivate
vast variety of
fruits and
vegetables).
Facilitator
Facilitate
cultivation of
crops in
different agro
ecological
zones.
- Introduction of
centralized farming
systems with modern
technology.
- Co-ordinate with
relevant agencies to
provide cultivation
technology to obtain
year round
production.
- Assist to establish out
grower systems.
- Coordinate with
district level
agriculture
committees.
03 Distinctive
character in
some fruit and
vegetable
crops.
Promoter Promote
identified fruits
and vegetables
varieties in
international
markets.
- Conduct market
surveys and research
to identify potential
markets.
- Obtain services of
overseas trade related
agencies & Sri Lankan
Diaspora to promote
products.
- Market promotion of
fruits and vegetables in
existing and new
markets.
- Brand promotion of
133
No. Triggers EDB Role Functions Actions
identified fruits crops.
- Preparation of product
brochures.
- Execution of trial
shipment of selected
fruit crops to un-
tapped market with
selected exporters.
04 Proposed
harbour and
air port in the
Southern
region.
Facilitator
Promoter
Increase
supplies for
export.
- Create awareness on
potential products.
- Encourage commercial
cultivation by public/
private partnership.
- Organize farmer
clusters in suitable
climatic locations.
- Assist to develop
infrastructure facilities
in selected locations.
05 Application of
advance
cultivation
practices.
Promoter
Facilitator
Facilitate
introduction of
new technology
to increase
productivity.
- Facilitate introduction
of cost effective new
production
technologies.
- Conduct awareness
programmes for
farmer community.
- Assist exporters to
apply new technology.
Product Sector: Fruits & vegetables – Barriers
134
No. Barriers EDB Role Functions Actions
01 Un organized
farming
system which
results to high
price
fluctuations.
Facilitator
Facilitate
supply of
products to
exporters on
buy back
agreement.
Develop export oriented
SMEs and promote
producer -exporter
linkages to supply
products on buy back
agreements.
02 Lack of
investment for
value chain
development.
Promoter
Facilitator
Enhance value
chain
competitiveness.
- Encourage and assist
to develop value
added products.
- Enhance
competitiveness of
value chain by
introduction of
national and
international quality
certification.
- Facilitate local
infrastructure
development and
export related services.
03 Lack of
technical
know-how
Facilitator
Knowledge
Provider
Facilitate
provision of
crop oriented
technical know-
how to obtain
quality fruits
and vegetables
for export.
- Coordinate with
relevant agencies to
provide technology to
farmers.
- Conduct awareness
and skill development
programmes.
- Provide specific
training for the
exporter community.
- Organize technical
exposure
135
No. Barriers EDB Role Functions Actions
programmes.
04 Low quality
products.
Facilitator Improve
product
quality.
- Organize quality
improvement
programmes in
collaboration with the
SLSI and DEA.
- Assist exporters to
obtain international
quality certifications.
05 Non-
availability of
proper
insurance
system to
protect fruit
and vegetable
cultivation
Facilitator Facilitate to
formulate an
insurance
scheme
Facilitate introduction of
an appropriate crop
insurance scheme for
export-oriented
cultivation.
06 Lack of air
cargo space
and high
prices
Facilitator Facilitate
availability of
sufficient cargo
space.
Discuss with relevant
stakeholders to solve the
problem.
136
(10) Product Sector: Toys, games & sports - Triggers
Toys sector
No. Triggers EDB Role Functions Actions
01 Recognition
for adhering to
international
quality
standards
Facilitator
Promoter
Promote Sri
Lanka as a
country which
produces quality
toys adhering to
international
standards.
- Conduct PR
campaigns in
identified markets.
- Organize
appropriate market
promotion
activities, i.e.,
participation
international trade
fairs,/exhibitions/si
ngle country
exhibitions,
outward buying
missions.
02 Trainable and
skilled
workforce
Knowledge
provider
Industry specific
advanced skill
development
programmes to
meet the needs of
the international
market.
Encourage
industrialists to
invest in the toy
sector.
- Conduct awareness
and skill
development
programmes.
- Provide specific
training for the
exporter
community.
- Develop a second
tier of toy exporters
and increase the
number of toy
exporters.
137
Product Sector: Toys, games & sports - Barriers
Toys No. Barriers EDB Role Functions Actions
01 High cost of
testing and
certification
Facilitator Formulate a
mechanism to
subsidize the high
cost.
Implement a scheme
to assist in obtaining
required quality/
standards
certification.
02 Unorganized
and scattered
nature of
industry with
many small
entrepreneurs
Facilitator
Promoter
Promote
professionalism and
industry linkages.
- Formation of
clusters and
organize local
events to create
recognition.
- Development of a
data base
(software
package) for the
industry.
03 Lack of
market
information
on new trends
and updated
information
on quality
standards
Facilitator
Promoter
- Obtain foreign
expertise on
designing and
quality
upgrading.
- Network with
international
governing/certif
ying bodies of
the industry.
- Conduct product
specific
design/product
development
programmes.
- Awareness
among the
industry.
138
(11) Product Sector: Giftware- Triggers
No. Triggers EDB Role Functions Actions
01
Availability of
creative skills
and
variety of raw
materials
Facilitator
Promoter
Knowledge
provider
Access to niche
market with
premium price.
- Carry out product
adaptation,
product & design
development
programmes
targeting the
niche market.
- Organize
appropriate
market
promotion
activities, i.e.,
participation at
international
trade
fairs/exhibitions/s
ingle country
exhibitions,
outward and
inward buying
missions.
02 Trainable &
skilled
workforce
Knowledge
Provider
Industry specific
advanced skills
development
programmes to
meet the needs of
the international
market.
- Conduct
awareness and
skills
development
programmes.
- Provide specific
training for the
exporter
community.
139
Product Sector: Giftware – Barriers
No. Barriers EDB Role Functions Actions
01 High cost of
testing and
certification
Facilitator Formulate a
mechanism to
subsidize the high
cost.
Implement an
assistance scheme to
assist in obtaining
required
quality/standards
certification.
02 Unorganized
and scattered
nature of
industry with
many small
entrepreneurs.
Facilitator/
Promoter
Promote
professionalism &
industry linkages.
- Formation of
clusters and
organize local
events to create
recognition.
- Development of a
data base
(software
package for the
industry).
03 Lack of market
information
on new trends
& updated
information
on quality
standards.
Facilitator/
Promoter
Obtain foreign
expertise on
designing and
quality upgrading.
Networking with
international
governing/certifying
bodies of the
industry.
- Conduct product
specific design/
product
development
programmes.
- Awareness
among the
industry.
04 Lack of
knowledge on
soft skills and
export
marketing
Knowledge
provider
Offer training
courses & develop
competence in
export marketing.
Organize continuous
training
programmes
targeting export
markets through
EDB and other
training institutes.
05 Lack of micro Facilitator Facilitate low cost - Initiate dialogue
140
No. Barriers EDB Role Functions Actions
finance financing.
with financial
institutions.
- Link companies
to identify
financial
institutes.
06 Limited
number of
companies
with export
potential
Facilitator Target niche market
segments.
- Product and
market
development
programmes
targeting niche
export markets.
(12) Product Sector: Base metal products -Triggers
No. Triggers EDB Role Functions Actions
01 Availability of
raw material
Facilitator Introduce new
technology to
identify raw
material
characterization
(e.g. Spectrometer).
Carry out targeted
and product specific
marketing activities.
02 Highly
trainable
workforce
Facilitator Continuous
training to upgrade
skills of the base
metal industry.
- Encourage
manufacturers to
upgrade skills of
their labour force.
- Develop and
carry out
programmes to
upgrade
141
No. Triggers EDB Role Functions Actions
technology &
design
development.
Product Sector: Base metal products – Barriers
No. Barriers EDB Role Functions Actions
01 Lack of
awareness of
market
potential and
market
opportunities
Promoter
Facilitator
- Create
awareness
among business
community
along with other
partner
institutions.
- Make available
information on
export
opportunities
through Sri
Lanka missions
overseas,
diaspora and
other
international
organizations.
- Conduct market
research to
identify market
opportunities and
disseminate
information.
- Organize market
exposure
programmes.
02 Lack of design
capabilities &
slow
technology
transfer.
Promoter
Knowledge
provider
Develop capacity
building
programmes for the
industry with the
co-ordination of
relevant agencies.
- Organize
awareness and
technical
exposure
programmes for
industrialists.
- Obtain expert
services for
142
No. Barriers EDB Role Functions Actions
improving
technology,
quality & product
design.
- Initiate
appropriate
measures to build
a strong local
industry, which
will lead to
increase in
exports.
03 Concentration
only on rough
castings
instead of
finished/sub
assemblies.
04 Many
enterprises are
still using the
traditional
technology.
05 Lack of local
market for
export
industries to
nurture (due
to import
intervention)
Policy
Adviser
Promoter
- Improve quality
of locally
manufactured
foundry
products.
- Policy
recommendatio
ns to discourage
import
products.
- Assist
manufacturers to
improve quality
of product
through
technology and
design
development.
- Liaise with
relevant agencies
to introduce
143
No. Barriers EDB Role Functions Actions
measures to
discourage
imported foundry
base products.
(13) Product Sector: Footwear & leather products - Triggers
No. Triggers EDB Role Functions Actions
01 High value
addition 40%-
50%
Facilitator
Policy Adviser
Create
employment
- Profile Sri
Lanka’s
products/services
and producers/
suppliers.
- Facilitate local
infrastructure
development &
export related
services.
- Propose measures
to expand Sri
Lanka’s trade
through trade
agreements.
- Provide financing
for exports.
02 Availability of
indigenous
supply of
good quality
rubber
Facilitator
Increase the
production of
rubber.
Discuss and resolve
export related issues.
03 Sri Lankas’ Monitor Increase Sri Ensure that exports
144
No. Triggers EDB Role Functions Actions
image as a
producer of
quality
footwear
Lanka’s presence
in the
international
market.
meet international
standards and
requirements.
04 Duty free
import of raw
materials
Policy Adviser - Increase the
supply base.
- Encourage
potential
exporters.
Recommend
imposition of Cess
and administer the
Export Development
Fund to develop and
promote exports.
05 Adherence to
internationally
accepted
labour
practices
Policy Adviser
Position Sri Lanka
as a source of
ethically
manufactured
leather products.
Recommend measure
to maintain a
conducive business
environment to
enhance
competitiveness.
06 Industry
flexibility is
being able to
handle both
large and
small volume
order
Promoter Create, small-
scale buyers
interest.
Focus attention on
niche markets.
07 Availability of
trained
stitching
operators
Facilitator
Increase
productivity.
Profile Sri Lanka’s
products/ services
and producers/
suppliers. Product Sector: Footwear & leather products – Barriers
No. Barriers EDB Role Functions Actions
01 Inadequate raw
material leather
Policy Advisor - Relocate
tanneries
- Maintain the
duty free
Allow the tanneries
to operate in the
existing locations
without any
145
No. Barriers EDB Role Functions Actions
import of
leather to
facilitate the
exports.
obstructions till the
relocation project is
implemented.
02 Recognition for
the industry
Promoter
Build a good
image of the
industry locally &
internationally.
- Organize local/
international
trade exhibitions
& other trade
events in Sri
Lanka.
- Continue
organizing
footwear &
leather fairs and
develop them
into an
international fair.
- Invite inward
buying missions.
- Develop export
oriented SMEs
and promote
linkage between
exporters and
large scale
exporters.
- Recognize and
reward exporters
for their
outstanding
contribution to
the national
economy.
146
No. Barriers EDB Role Functions Actions
- Implement a
programme to
motivate and
obtain the
services of
overseas trade
related agencies
and Sri Lankan
diaspora to
promote Sri
Lankan products
and services.
03 Lack of a export
supply base
Facilitator Develop a second
tier of exporters.
- Develop new
capacities to
enhance
competencies in
the exporter
community.
- Organise
technical
exposure
/productivity
improvement
programmes for
potential
exporters.
- Carry out more
integrated
product and
market
development
programmes.
- Develop export-
147
No. Barriers EDB Role Functions Actions
oriented SMEs
and promote
linkages between
SME’s & large
scale exporters.
Identify the
potential
exporters &
develop them.
- Provide
financing for
exporters.
04 Develop
product /design
/quality
development
skills
Knowledge
provider
- Conduct product
/market specific
research /studies.
- Disseminate
findings among
the business
community.
- Conduct
awareness and
skills
development
programmes.
- Provide specific
training for the
exporter
community.
05 Increase price
competitiveness
in the existing
market
Knowledge
provider
Provide exposure
to state of art
technology and
latest
productivity
improvement
- Organize
technical
exposure/
productivity
improvement
148
No. Barriers EDB Role Functions Actions
methods.
programmes.
- Conduct
awareness and
skills
development
programmes.
- Provide specific
training for the
exporter
community.
06 Inadequate
support for
export
marketing
Promoter
- Consolidate Sri
Lanka’s
position as a
supplier of
quality
footwear &
leather
products in the
existing
markets.
- Organize Sri
Lanka’s
participation in
leading
international
footwear &
leather
products fairs.
- Penetrate new
markets.
Organize
appropriate market
promotion activities,
i.e., participation in
international trade
fairs/
exhibitions/single
country exhibitions,
inward buying
missions, outward
promotion missions,
contact promotion
programmes, road
shows,
establishment of
display
centers/windows,
etc.
Implement
assistance schemes
to encourage private
sector to export.
149
(14) Product Sector: Wooden products - Triggers
No. Triggers EDB Role Functions Actions
01 Availability of
traditional
craft skills.
Promoter
Knowledge
provider
Make use of the
craft skills to cater
to the export
market.
Conduct Product
adaptation / design
development
programmes.
Product Sector: Wooden products – Barriers
No. Barriers EDB Role Functions Actions
01 High cost of
certification
Facilitator Formulate a
mechanism to
subsidize the
high cost.
Implement an
assistance scheme to
meet part cost of
quality/standards
certification.
(e.g. FSC)
02 Dearth of
skills in new
technology &
designing
Facilitator
Knowledge
Provider
Obtain foreign
expertise on
technology
improvement and
designing and
production
upgrading.
- Conduct product
specific design/
product
development
programmes.
- Create awareness
among the
industry.
03 Lack of
awareness of
market trends
and
opportunities.
Facilitator
Knowledge
provider.
Awareness of
trends, emerging
markets, etc.
Conduct awareness
programmes on
market intelligence.
04 Procedural
delays in
obtaining
certificates
required by
relevant
Facilitator Facilitate the
simplifications of
regulations &
procedures.
Initiate a dialogue
with relevant
institutions.
150
No. Barriers EDB Role Functions Actions
institutions.
05 Deteriorating
quality of raw
materials due
to poor
handling
methods.
Knowledge
provider
To facilitate the
introducing
newly available
methods &
equipment.
- Organize
technical skills
development
programmes.
- Awareness
among the
industry of
proper handling
methods.
06 Inadequate
facilities for
timber
treatment and
seasoning.
Facilitator
Knowledge
provider
Strengthen the
existing technical
service centres.
Make available
financial schemes to
upgrade the service
centres.
(15) Product Sector: Floriculture - Triggers
No. Triggers EDB Role Functions Actions
01 Global
imports
growing at
12%
Monitor - Monitor
market
trends
- Monitor Sri
Lanka
performance
in key
markets.
Analyse and
disseminate industry
information and
market intelligence
among the
stakeholders.
Policy Adviser Identify and
recommend
measures to
enhance the
- Serve in the
committee
appointed by the
Council for
151
No. Triggers EDB Role Functions Actions
competitiveness
of the sector
Agriculture
Research policy
(CARP) for
preparation of a
National Policy
for Floriculture.
- Highlight key
areas to be
focused while
taking policy
decisions and
make
recommendations
in collaboration
with all stake-
holders.
Promoter Formulate
marketing
strategies to
enhance Sri
Lankan Exports
- Increase market
share in existing
markets.
- Conduct research
on prospective
emerging markets.
- Take suitable
measures to
overcome country
specific tariff and
non tariff barriers.
Facilitator
Facilitate an
export conducive
environment in
liaison with all
stake- holders.
- Take suitable
measures to clear
local barriers that
hinder growth in
exports.
152
No. Triggers EDB Role Functions Actions
02 Tariff
concessions in
the major
export
market, the
European
Union (GSP)
Promoter
Increase market
share in the
European Union.
- Assist exporters to
be competitive in
the European
market by clearing
non-tariff barriers.
- Study
opportunities in
the emerging
markets and help
exporters to enter
these markets.
03 Reputation
built as a
supplier of
quality
products
Promoter
Implement
quality
development
programmes.
Work with the
relevant authorities
to develop a local
certification system
for Good
Agricultural
Practices (GAP).
Knowledge
provider
Conduct
awareness and
skills
development
programmes
- Organize
awareness/technol
ogy transfer
programmes in
collaboration with
the foreign /local
consultants.
- Conduct suitable
training
programmes for
nurserymen.
Facilitator Enhance
competitiveness
- Assist exporters to
obtain
environmental
labels required to
compete in the
153
No. Triggers EDB Role Functions Actions
market.
- Enhance value chain competitiveness and improve supply chain efficiency.
- Enhance
productivity of
nurseries through
introduction of
cost effective
production
technology.
04 Diverse
climatic
conditions
within the
country.
Promoter
Increase product
diversity.
- Conduct a study
on new products
suitable for
different agro
climatic
conditions within
the country.
- Assist to source
planting material
and cultivation
technology.
05 Availability of
natural
growing
medium (coco
peat)
Facilitator Maintain the
quality of the
growing medium.
Facilitate quality
improvements in coco
peat to compete with
artificial medium and
peat moss.
154
Product Sector: Floriculture – Barriers
No. Barriers EDB Role Functions Actions
01 Lack of quality
supplies for
exports
Facilitator Co-ordinate with
relevant agencies
to expand the
extent under
cultivation and
increase
production.
- Encourage and
help new investors
to start projects.
- Promote producer
exporter link up
programmes at
regional level.
02 High cost of
production
Facilitator Assist exporters
to minimize cost
of production.
- Facilitate
formulation of low
cost financial
assistance schemes.
- Conduct studies to
improve
productivity of the
nurseries.
- Improve supply
chain efficiency
reducing
unnecessary costs.
- Facilitate
introduction of low
cost production
technology.
03 High
competition
arising from
regional
producing
countries
Facilitator Strengthen the
Industry to face
competition
- Identify niche
markets.
- Increase supplies
meeting economies
of scale to lower the
cost of production.
- Arrange
discussions with
relevant authorities
to obtain
155
No. Barriers EDB Role Functions Actions
competitive freight
rates.
- Facilitate operation
of direct flights to
main markets.
04 Lack of
Research and
Development
Facilitator Facilitate industry
oriented R & D.
- Encourage R & D
on new products.
- Facilitate import of
new varieties to
increase product
assortment.
(16) Product Sector: Ornamental fish - Triggers
No. Triggers EDB Role Functions Actions
01 Long-term
export
experience
and the
quality of the
fish produced
in Sri Lanka.
Facilitator
knowledge
Provider
Maintain the
recognition in the
world market and
monitor the
supply of quality
fish.
- Develop a resource
map (data base) for
the sector.
- Identify and
recommend
measures to
enhance
competitiveness.
- Increase the current
market share
through market
promotion
activities and
promote new
varieties at
international fish
156
No. Triggers EDB Role Functions Actions
competitions.
- Encourage
breeding and
commercialization
of marine & exotic
species and new
varieties of fish for
exports.
- Assist exporters to
establish
quarantine/holding
facilities.
02 Geographical
location
Knowledge
provider
Increase product
assortment by
introducing
suitable new fish
species.
- Facilitate relaxation
of existing
regulations to
import high value
ornamental fish.
- Breed exotic fish
species for export.
03 Availability of
shore line rich
with coral
reefs around
the country
Facilitator Regularize
marine fish
collection from
the sea.
- Train marine fish
divers on proper
handling and
catching of marine
fish.
- Implement pilot
scale projects on
soft coral culture.
157
Product Sector: Ornamental fish – Barriers
No. Barriers EDB Role Functions Actions
01 Inadequate
supply of
good quality
fish
Facilitator Improve supply
chain to obtain
fish for export.
- Coordinate supply
development
programmes.
- Implement quality
improvement
programmes.
- Identify and
recommend
measures to
enhance the
competitiveness of
aquarium fish
sector.
02 Lack of new
technology
Knowledge
provider
Identify required
technological
advancements in
the industry.
- Identify required
technological
advancements in
the industry.
- Organize training
programmes
/exposure
programmes on
packing, breeding
etc.
- Coordinate with
the other
organizations to
obtain suitable
technology.
03 Regulatory
barriers in
collection,
breeding and
Facilitator Facilitate export
conducive
environment.
- Review existing
regulations in
collaboration with
relevant authorities
158
No. Barriers EDB Role Functions Actions
transportation to facilitate exports.
- Co-ordinate with
relevant
stakeholders to
solve the industry
problems.
04 Lack of
infrastructure
facilities
Facilitator Identify
infrastructure
facilities required
by the industry.
Coordinate with other
organizations to
provide required
infrastructure facilities
to the industry.
05 Lack of
coordination
among
relevant
government
organizations
Facilitator Co-ordinate with
other
organizations to
solve the industry
problems.
- Overcome delays at
the Airport.
- Improve air cargo
space.
06 Lack of market
intelligence.
Knowledge
provider
Provide up-to-
date market
intelligence.
- Liaise with trade
promotion
organizations to
collect information
on market needs,
new trends,
strategies adopted
by other
competitors.
- Obtain
membership of the
OFI. (Ornamental
Fish International)
159
No. Barriers EDB Role Functions Actions
- Disseminate up-to-
date market
intelligence.
07 High costs of
feed,
packaging and
electricity
Monitor
Facilitator
R & D to develop
low cost feed.
PPP programmes to
develop low cost feed.
(17) Product Sector: Handloom textile products - Triggers
No. Triggers EDB Role Functions Actions
01 Highly labour
intensive
operation and
provides
employment
opportunities
for rural
community
Knowledge
Provider
Encourage new
entrepreneurs in
to the industry.
- Conduct awareness
programmes and
workshops on the
industry to attract
new entrepreneurs.
- Provide training
facilities through the
relevant government
body.
02 The product is
largely
ecologically
friendly
Promoter Encourage export
-oriented SMEs to
develop
handmade
natural products.
Conduct awareness
and training
programmes.
03 Percentage of
value addition
is relatively
high.
Promoter
- Encourage
export
oriented SMEs
to develop
high value
added hand
woven
products to
- Promote linkage
between exporters.
- Organise
appropriate market
promotion
activities such as
participation in
160
No. Triggers EDB Role Functions Actions
strengthen the
export sector.
- Implement
assistance
schemes to
encourage
private sector
to export.
international trade
fairs/exhibitions,
inward buying
missions.
04 The industry
can be started
with
comparatively
low capital
investments.
Knowledge
provider
Encourage the
rural community.
Conduct awareness
and skills development
programmes.
Product Sector: Handloom textile products
No. Barriers EDB Role Functions Actions
01 Shortage of
skilled
weavers
Facilitator - Encourage
new weavers
in to the
industry.
- Provide
training
facilities to
meet shortage
of skilled
weavers.
Train weavers through
the relevant
government body.
02 Low
productivity
Facilitator
Promoter
- Upgrade
handloom
machinery.
- Obtain
expertise on
- Assist the
upgradation of
machinery.
- Conduct
productivity
161
No. Barriers EDB Role Functions Actions
product
development.
improvement
through master
weavers.
03 Poor product
development
and
presentation
Facilitator Encourage them
to work towards
better quality
dyeing &
weaving methods
to produce
effective designs.
- Conduct in-house
training
programmes.
- Obtain foreign
expertise on design
and product
development.
- Set up modern
dying centres in the
regions in
collaboration with
Provincial
Councils.
04 Marketing
Small-scale
producers’
inability to
market their
own products
Promoter Assist in export
marketing.
Organize buyer-seller
meets and
international trade
fairs.
05 Non
availability of
modern
handloom
factories in the
provinces
Facilitator
Promoter
Make maximum
use of weavers
available for the
benefit of the
industry.
Attract more
foreign and local
tourists.
- Facilitate setting up
centres in Central,
East, South and
North including
processes such as
dyeing, winding,
warping, weaving
using modern
machinery, etc.
- Provide training to
identified weavers
to develop process
162
No. Barriers EDB Role Functions Actions
by using modern
machines to
improve quality
production.
163
Annex VI
Financial Performance of the EDB
Programme / Activity Budget
2010
Export Development Programmes
Export Market Promotion - Europe Region 44.80
- The Americas Region 19.00
- Middle East, CIS & Africa Region 24.70
- Asia & Oceania Region 20.50
109.00
Supply Chain Development - Agriculture & Fisheries 27.30
- Industrial Products Sector 55.00
- Export of Services 22.50
- Export Packaging 2.88
- Policy & Planning 1.82
109.50
Regional Export Development - Western Zone 1.65
- Southern Zone 4.65
- Central Zone 3.85
- North Western Zone 4.15
- Uva Zone 0.90
- Eastern Zones 1.15
27.30
Other Support Services - Trade Facilitation 3.05
- Trade Information & TradenetSL 14.00
- Public Relations & Corporate Affairs 9.00
26.05
Implementation of Budget Proposals - Agro Export Zones 46.30
- Model Agriculture Project (IAMP) 30.50
- "Dahas Diriya" Programme 23.50
- Cess Refund Scheme 1.50
101.80
TOTAL EXPORT DEVELOPMENT BUDGET 390.00
TOTAL ADMINISTRATION BUDGET 263.00
TOTAL EDB BUDGET 653.00
164
Annex VII
Summary of Export Performance, 2007- 2009
(US $ Mn)
Se.
No. Product Sectors 2007 2008
%
Growth 2009
%
Growth
1]
AGRICULTURAL
PRODUCTS 1495.79 1832.50 22.51 1666.58 -9.05
1.1 Tea 1025.11 1271.44 24.03 1185.43 -6.76
1.1.1 Tea packets 254.49 349.46 37.32 327.45 -6.30
1.1.2 Tea bags 145.81 175.05 20.05 183.79 4.99
1.1.3 Tea in bulk 509.15 615.46 20.88 588.03 -4.46
1.1.4 Others 115.66 131.46 13.67 86.16 -34.46
1.2 Natural rubber 109.15 125.04 14.56 98.62 -21.13
1.3 Coconut 140.20 162.63 15.99 154.31 -5.11
1.3.1 Desiccated coconut 54.34 64.71 19.08 50.05 -22.65
1.3.2 Fibre & fibre products 61.53 67.83 10.24 79.82 17.68
1.3.3 Others 24.33 30.08 23.65 24.43 -18.78
1.4 Spices & other export crops 221.33 273.39 23.52 228.22 -16.52
1.4.1 Spices 124.42 151.49 21.75 115.11 -24.02
1.4.2 Essential oils 8.88 7.81 -12.02 4.82 -38.25
1.4.3 Fresh fruits 11.23 13.99 24.62 12.27 -12.30
1.4.4 Vegetables 11.26 25.49 126.47 31.49 23.53
1.4.5 Cashew nuts 1.04 1.43 37.20 1.17 -18.53
1.4.6 Cut flowers & foliage 12.04 14.19 17.90 11.45 -19.31
1.4.7 Others 52.47 58.99 12.44 51.91 -12.00
2] FISHERIES PRODUCTS 170.78 173.67 1.69 179.11 3.13
2.1 Aquarium fish 8.20 8.98 9.53 8.52 -5.13
2.2 Prawns 22.38 10.01 -55.26 12.28 22.69
2.3 Others 140.20 154.67 10.32 158.30 2.35
3]
INDUSTRIAL
PRODUCTS 5868.10 6032.51 2.80 5152.69 -14.58
3.1
Diamonds, Gems &
Jewellery 474.91 538.92 13.48 399.29 -25.91
3.1.1 Diamonds 348.50 420.58 20.68 316.82 -24.67
3.1.2 Gems 106.80 101.01 -5.42 68.92 -31.77
3.1.3 Jewellery 19.61 17.32 -11.67 13.55 -21.78
3.2 Textiles & Garments 3325.60 3457.69 3.97 3262.54 -5.64
3.3 Manufactures 1898.74 1781.16 -6.19 1361.29 -23.57
3.3.1 Food, beverages & tobacco 305.59 224.21 -26.63 187.67 -16.30
3.3.2 Leather & leather products 16.78 16.65 -0.79 13.55 -18.65
3.3.3 Wooden products 51.24 46.58 -9.09 28.53 -38.75
3.3.4 Paper products 68.68 88.07 28.23 80.45 -8.66
3.3.5 Rubber finished products 483.16 541.89 12.16 384.76 -29.00
3.3.6
Chemicals & Plastic
products 123.90 127.88 3.21 113.47 -11.27
3.3.7 Electrical, Mechanical &
Electronic products 371.13 322.30 -13.16 187.17 -41.93
165
Se.
No. Product Sectors 2007 2008
%
Growth 2009
%
Growth
3.3.9
Ceramic & porcelain
products 46.85 49.02 4.64 36.46 -25.63
3.3.10 Footwear 24.03 21.56 -10.28 17.15 -20.47
3.3.11
Toys, Games & sports
requisites 39.12 42.10 7.61 38.02 -9.69
3.3.12 Others 368.25 300.90 -18.29 274.08 -8.91
3.4 Petroleum products 168.85 254.75 50.87 129.58 -49.14
4] OTHERS 105.31 98.03 -6.91 86.14 -12.13
TOTAL EXPORTS 7639.97 8136.71 6.50 7084.52 -12.93
Source : Sri Lanka Customs; Central Bank of Sri Lanka
Disaggregated Export Performance 2007 – 2009
(US$ Mn.)
Se. no Product Sector / Year 2007 2008
%
Growth 2009
%
Growth
1] Tea
1.1 Tea Packets 254.49 349.46 37.32 327.45 -6.30
1.2 Tea Bags 145.81 175.05 20.05 183.79 4.99
1.3 Tea In Bulk 509.15 615.46 20.88 588.03 -4.46
1.4 Instant Tea 8.92 11.40 27.74 9.78 -14.17
1.5 Green Tea 1.29 1.85 43.32 2.56 38.71
1.6 Others 105.45 118.22 12.11 73.81 -37.56
Total 1025.11 1271.44 24.03 1185.43 -6.76
2] Rubber
2.1 Crepe Rubber 48.59 50.31 3.53 29.82 -40.73
2.2 Sheet Rubber 36.32 42.35 16.62 42.34 -0.02
2.3 Block Rubber 11.84 13.19 11.34 10.88 -17.46
Others 12.40 19.20 54.81 15.58 -18.85
Total 109.15 125.04 14.56 98.62 -21.13
3] Coconut
3.1 Kernel Products
3.1.1 Coconut Oil 1.76 3.93 122.79 4.42 12.50
3.1.2 Desiccated Coconut 54.34 64.71 19.08 50.05 -22.65
3.1.3 Copra 10.90 13.71 25.74 3.72 -72.84
3.1.4 Coconut Fresh Nuts 11.66 12.44 6.70 16.29 30.90
Sub Total 78.67 94.80 20.49 74.49 -21.42
166
Se. no Product Sector / Year 2007 2008
%
Growth 2009
%
Growth
3.2 Coconut by Products
3.2.1 Bristle Fibre Not Twisted 0.42 1.13 167.22 3.97 252.97
3.2.2 Bristle Fibre Twisted 1.20 0.53 -56.20 0.95 81.27
3.2.3 Mattress Fibre 12.36 17.46 41.30 31.09 78.03
3.2.4 Mixed Coir Fibre 7.18 3.83 -46.69 1.66 -56.67
3.2.5 Other Mixed Coir Fibre 27.65 32.62 17.98 24.20 -25.79
3.2.6 Coir Yarn 1.04 1.25 19.69 1.61 29.09
3.2.7 Coconut Shell Charcoal 0.28 0.98 247.16 1.13 15.22
3.2.8 Coco Peat 11.40 10.05 -11.88 15.21 51.42
Sub Total 61.53 67.83 10.24 79.82 17.68
Total 140.20 162.63 15.99 154.31 -5.11
4] Other Export Crops
4.1 Arecanut 0.84 3.19 280.24 1.38 -56.93
4.2 Coffee 0.14 0.24 68.79 0.13 -43.82
4.3 Pepper 31.95 26.39 -17.38 20.58 -22.03
4.4 Cinnamon 75.50 82.72 9.56 74.18 -10.33
4.5 Cloves 9.24 33.13 258.53 12.02 -63.72
4.6 Nutmeg & Mace 7.61 8.98 18.08 8.09 -9.92
4.7 Cardamoms 0.13 0.27 106.98 0.24 -9.03
4.8 Sesame Seeds 0.62 0.36 -41.61 1.62 348.59
4.9 Other Oil Seeds 0.02 0.01 -40.00 0.01 -16.67
4.10 Betel Leaves 4.08 6.65 63.17 5.99 -10.03
4.12 Unmanufactured Tobacco 40.18 39.59 -1.46 33.55 -15.26
4.13 Papain 0.06 0.00 -100.00 0.00
4.14 Essential Oils 8.88 7.81 -12.02 4.82 -38.25
4.15 Cashew Nuts 1.04 1.43 37.20 1.17 -18.53
4.16 Vegetables 11.26 25.49 126.47 31.49 23.53
4.17 Fruits, Fresh Or Dried 11.23 13.99 24.62 12.27 -12.30
4.18 Cut Flowers & Foliage 12.04 14.19 17.90 11.45 -19.31
4.19 Others 6.53 8.94 36.86 9.23 3.28
Total 221.33 273.39 23.52 228.22 -16.52
5] Fisheries Products
5.1 Aquarium Fish 8.20 8.98 9.53 8.52 -5.13
5.2 Prawns 22.38 10.00 -55.31 12.28 22.81
5.3 Lobsters 3.20 3.72 16.43 4.65 24.85
5.4 Crabs 4.66 5.99 28.52 9.09 51.72
5.5 Fish Fresh Or Chilled 21.79 22.15 1.64 11.18 -49.51
5.6 Frozen Fish 100.82 113.57 12.65 127.02 11.84
167
Se. no Product Sector / Year 2007 2008
%
Growth 2009
%
Growth
5.7 Preserved Fish 3.48 3.63 4.37 3.07 -15.53
5.8 Others 6.15 5.60 -8.90 3.29 -41.20
Total 170.68 173.66 1.75 179.11 3.14
6] Diamonds, Gems &
Jewellery
6.1 Diamonds 348.50 420.58 20.68 316.82 -24.67
6.2 Gems 106.80 101.01 -5.42 68.92 -31.77
6.3 Jewellery 19.61 17.32 -11.67 13.55 -21.78
Total 474.91 538.92 13.48 399.29 -25.91
7] Textiles & Garments
7.1 Woven Fabrics 73.44 77.55 5.60 70.88 -8.60
7.2 Garments 3142.59 3280.45 4.39 3119.89 -4.89
7.3
Other Made up Textile
Articles 59.82 52.27 -12.62 36.71 -29.77
7.4
Others
49.75 47.43 -4.67 35.06 -26.09
Total
3325.60 3457.69 3.97 3262.54 -5.64
8] Manufactures
8.1 Food, Beverages & Tobacco
8.1.1 Processed Fruits & Fruit
Juices 21.77 29.64 36.18 26.94 -9.13
8.1.2 Confectioneries & bakery
Products 9.16 14.25 55.64 24.73 73.57
8.1.3 Processed Food 205.74 84.57 -58.89 39.92 -52.80
8.1.4 Beverages 3.86 4.39 13.90 2.80 -36.20
8.1.5 Manufactured Tobacco 23.42 27.54 17.59 24.27 -11.88
8.1.6 Others 41.65 63.80 53.21 69.00 8.15
Sub Total 305.59 224.21 -26.63 187.67 -16.30
8.2 Leather & Leather Products
8.2.1 Raw Hides & Skins 1.07 0.58 -45.51 0.34 -41.97
8.2.2 Travel Goods, Bags & Other 7.28 4.95 -31.96 3.28 -33.68
8.2.3 Clothing Accessories of
Leather
8.44 11.12 31.76 9.92 -10.74
Sub Total 16.78 16.65 -0.79 13.55 -18.65
8.3 Wood & Wooden Products
8.3.1 Furniture 4.97 4.93 -0.74 4.02 -18.50
8.3.2 Wooden Craft Items 8.18 7.91 -3.31 7.48 -5.34
8.3.3 Parquet Flooring 0.26 0.004 -98.47 0.00 -100.00
168
Se. no Product Sector / Year 2007 2008
%
Growth 2009
%
Growth
8.3.4 Broomsticks 5.56 5.85 5.11 4.36 -25.39
8.3.5 Others 32.28 27.90 -13.56 12.67 -54.58
Sub Total 51.24 46.58 -9.09 28.53 -38.75
8.4 Paper & Paper Products
8.4.1 Paper Pulp 15.33 19.08 24.42 13.12 -31.21
8.4.2 Stationery 11.89 12.60 5.94 11.72 -7.00
8.4.3
Books & Other Printed
Material 2.41 2.75 13.85 1.50 -45.48
8.4.4 Others 39.05 53.65 37.40 54.11 0.85
Sub Total 68.68 88.07 28.23 80.45 -8.66
8.5 Rubber Finished Products
8.5.1 Rubber Thread 0.07 1.44 2023.53 0.21 -85.71
8.5.2 Unhardened Rubber 7.96 7.22 -9.28 11.65 61.35
8.5.3 Rubber Hose 0.02 0.03 33.33 0.01 -80.94
8.5.4 Rubber Belts 0.01 0.08 581.82 0.0002 -99.73
8.5.5 Tyres & Tubes 310.33 338.09 8.94 214.27 -36.62
8.5.6 Apparel Clothing Accessories 110.55 117.27 6.08 113.87 -2.89
8.5.7 Articles Of Unhardened
Rubber 48.40 71.92 48.58 41.47 -42.33
8.5.8 Others 5.82 5.86 0.67 3.28 -43.99
Sub Total 483.16 541.89 12.16 384.76 -29.00
8.6 Chemicals & Plastic Products
8.6.1 Organic & Inorganic Products 13.46 12.66 -5.95 7.13 -43.71
8.6.2 Pharmaceutical Products 2.20 2.22 1.05 2.00 -9.87
8.6.3 Fertilizer 0.27 0.54 101.87 0.35 -34.73
8.6.4 Tanning & Dyeing Extracts,
Paints, Varnishes, etc. 3.19 3.23 1.22 3.00 -7.08
8.6.5 Perfumes, Cosmetic & Toilet
Preparations 5.30 6.05 14.10 6.32 4.55
8.6.6 Soap, Washing Preparations
etc. 3.99 3.66 -8.39 3.95 7.88
8.6.7 Albuminoidal Substances,
Glues Etc. 4.78 4.61 -3.56 5.10 10.69
8.6.8 Photographic &
Cinematographic Items 0.05 0.03 -50.00 0.03 -2.59
8.6.9 Resins, Cellulose, Esters &
Plastic Products 56.81 56.84 0.04 39.51 -30.49
169
Se. no Product Sector / Year 2007 2008
%
Growth 2009
%
Growth
8.6.10 Activated Carbon 27.60 34.32 24.35 42.79 24.68
8.6.11 Others 6.24 3.73 -40.27 3.29 -11.76
Sub Total 123.90 127.88 3.21 113.47 -11.27
8.7 Non Metallic Mineral
Products
8.7.1 Salt & Salt Based Products 0.76 0.05 -93.70 0.16 238.33
8.7.2 Graphite 3.82 3.50 -8.47 2.26 -35.38
8.7.3 Natural Sands 9.48 9.76 2.94 7.19 -26.39
8.7.4 Articles Of Stones 17.33 8.06 -53.47 4.85 -39.78
8.7.5 Ceramics & Porcelain
Products 46.85 49.02 4.64 36.46 -25.63
8.7.6 Glass & Glassware 4.16 6.58 58.00 13.54 105.83
8.7.7 Mineral Sands 10.48 8.12 -22.49 6.85 -15.67
Sub Total 92.88 85.09 -8.39 71.31 -16.20
8.8 Base Metal Products
8.8.1 Iron & Steel Products 15.77 16.88 7.02 8.52 -49.53
8.8.2 Copper & Copper Products 46.48 21.35 -54.07 12.47 -41.60
8.8.3 Aluminium Products 3.60 2.81 -21.95 3.33 18.64
8.8.4 Lead Products 8.04 8.80 9.42 5.68 -35.45
8.8.5 Tools & Equipment 4.27 4.93 15.37 3.10 -37.13
8.8.6 Others 2.64 2.29 -13.12 3.01 31.49
Sub Total 80.80 57.06 -29.39 36.11 -36.71
8.9 General, Electrical &
Electronic Machinery
8.9.1 Boilers, General Machinery &
Parts 92.87 76.45 -17.68 46.69 -38.93
8.9.2 Electrical & Electronic
Products 278.26 245.84 -11.65 140.48 -42.86
8.9.3 Transport Equipment & Parts 64.40 77.17 19.84 62.11 -19.52
8.9.4 Aircraft Parts 49.01 8.85 -81.94 6.94 -21.59
8.9.5 Ships & Boats 37.34 21.54 -42.31 57.81 168.43
8.9.6 Furniture & Articles Of
Moulding Materials 24.09 28.04 16.43 19.00 -32.26
8.9.7 Toys, Games & Sports
Requisites & Parts 39.12 42.10 7.61 38.02 -9.69
Sub Total 585.07 500.00 -14.54 371.04 -25.79
8.10 Footwear 24.03 21.56 -10.28 17.15 -20.47
8.11 Other Manufactures 66.59 72.17 8.37 57.26 -20.66
170
Se. no Product Sector / Year 2007 2008
%
Growth 2009
%
Growth
Total Manufactures 1898.74 1781.16 -6.19 1361.29 -23.57
9] Petroleum Products 168.85 254.75 50.87 129.58 -49.14
10] Others 105.41 98.04 -6.99 86.14 -12.14
TOTAL EXPORTS 7639.97 8136.71 6.50 7084.52 -12.93
Source : Sri Lanka Customs, Central Bank