ecoterm berlin, april 2005 gilw/fao margherita.sini@fao
DESCRIPTION
The Agricultural Ontology Service: a FAO initiative for more coherence in Agricultural Information Systems. ECOTERM Berlin, April 2005 GILW/FAO [email protected]. Outline. Why AOS AGROVOC Concept Server Phase 1 Phase 2 Metadata Schemas and Ontologies - PowerPoint PPT PresentationTRANSCRIPT
Food and Agriculture
Organization of the UN
Library and Documentation
Systems Division
Margherita Sini
Slide 1
April 2005
FAO's Agricultural
Ontology Service
ECOTERMBerlin 2005
The Agricultural Ontology Service:
a FAO initiative for more coherence in
Agricultural Information Systems
ECOTERMBerlin, April 2005
GILW/FAO [email protected]
Food and Agriculture
Organization of the UN
Library and Documentation
Systems Division
Margherita Sini
Slide 2
April 2005
FAO's Agricultural
Ontology Service
ECOTERMBerlin 2005
Outline
• Why AOS• AGROVOC Concept Server
– Phase 1– Phase 2
• Metadata Schemas and Ontologies• The FAO Clearinghouse initiative
Food and Agriculture
Organization of the UN
Library and Documentation
Systems Division
Margherita Sini
Slide 3
April 2005
FAO's Agricultural
Ontology Service
ECOTERMBerlin 2005
Why AOS
vessel ? boat ? craft ? ship ?
vessel
barqueor
container
Food and Agriculture
Organization of the UN
Library and Documentation
Systems Division
Margherita Sini
Slide 4
April 2005
FAO's Agricultural
Ontology Service
ECOTERMBerlin 2005
Consequently
There is a need of a semantic approach
Knowledge Organization Systems (KOSs)
Agricultural Ontology Service (AOS)Federated storage and
description facility
Food and Agriculture
Organization of the UN
Library and Documentation
Systems Division
Margherita Sini
Slide 5
April 2005
FAO's Agricultural
Ontology Service
ECOTERMBerlin 2005
AOS Elements
AGROVOCConcept Server
Ontology Registry
Sub-domainontologies
Metadataontologies
• Domain concepts• Categories
Food and Agriculture
Organization of the UN
Library and Documentation
Systems Division
Margherita Sini
Slide 6
April 2005
FAO's Agricultural
Ontology Service
ECOTERMBerlin 2005
AGROVOC Concept Server
Food and Agriculture
Organization of the UN
Library and Documentation
Systems Division
Margherita Sini
Slide 7
April 2005
FAO's Agricultural
Ontology Service
ECOTERMBerlin 2005
AGROVOC Concept Server
• Implementation phases– Phase 1: AGROVOC improvement
• Cleaning phase• Conversion it into a more semantic representation• Export AGROVOC in several more standardized and
formalised format (SKOS and OWL)• Integration of elements from the FAO glossary and
the FAOTERM terminology system
– Phase 2: Integrating and mapping additional terminologies (CGIAR, CAT)
Food and Agriculture
Organization of the UN
Library and Documentation
Systems Division
Margherita Sini
Slide 8
April 2005
FAO's Agricultural
Ontology Service
ECOTERMBerlin 2005
CS #1: AGROVOC cleaning and refinement
CurrentAGROVOC
ImprovedAGROVOC AGROVOC
SKOS
AGROVOC OWL
AnnotationTool
Using 3 Techniques: 1) Pattern matching 2) WordNet alignment 3) Rules 3.1) Expert Defined Rules 3.2) Semi-automatically Learned Rules
Food and Agriculture
Organization of the UN
Library and Documentation
Systems Division
Margherita Sini
Slide 9
April 2005
FAO's Agricultural
Ontology Service
ECOTERMBerlin 2005
CS #1: Annotation Tool (2)
Food and Agriculture
Organization of the UN
Library and Documentation
Systems Division
Margherita Sini
Slide 10
April 2005
FAO's Agricultural
Ontology Service
ECOTERMBerlin 2005
The rules-as-you-go approach (1)
Exploit patterns to automate the conversion process
1. An editor has determined thatmilk NT cow milk should become milk <includesSpecific> cow milk
2.She recognizes that this is an example of the general pattern milk NT * milk milk <includesSpecific> * milk (where * is the wildcard character)
3.Given this pattern, the system can derive automaticallymilk NT goat milk should become milk <includesSpecific> goat milk
and milk <includesSpecific> buffalo milk
Food and Agriculture
Organization of the UN
Library and Documentation
Systems Division
Margherita Sini
Slide 11
April 2005
FAO's Agricultural
Ontology Service
ECOTERMBerlin 2005
The rules-as-you-go approach (2)
• Pattern: Substance NT/RT Substance
Substance <containsSubstance> Substance
• Pattern Animal RT BodyPart Animal <hasComponent> BodyPart
• Pattern Taxon RT FoodProduct Taxon <usedToMake> FoodProduct
Food and Agriculture
Organization of the UN
Library and Documentation
Systems Division
Margherita Sini
Slide 12
April 2005
FAO's Agricultural
Ontology Service
ECOTERMBerlin 2005
Undifferentiated relationships from AGROVOC
Edited relationships
milk NT cow milkmilk NT goat milkmilk NT buffalo milkmilk NT milk fatmilk RT milk proteinmilk RT lactosecow RT cow milk goats RT goat milkewes RT ewe milkgoat milk RT goat cheeseewe milk RT ewe cheeseacid soils BT chemical soil typesacrisols BT genetic soil typesalkaline soils BT chemical soil typesaluvial soils BT lithological soil typeschemical soil types BT soil typesCichorium BT AsteraceaeCichorium endivia BT Cichorium
milk <includesSpecific> cow milkmilk <includesSpecific> goat milkmilk <includesSpecific> buffalo milkmilk <containsSubstance> milk fatmilk <containsSubstance> milk proteinmilk <containsSubstance> lactosecows <hasComponent> cow milk goats <hasComponent> goat milkewes <hasComponent> ewe milkgoat milk <containsSubstance> goat cheeseewe milk <containsSubstance> ewe cheeseacid soils <isa> chemical soil typesacrisols <isa> genetic soil typesalkaline soils <isa> chemical soil typesaluvial soils <isa> lithological soil typeschemical soil type <isa> soil typesCichorium <isa> AsteraceaeCichorium endivia <isa> CichoriumCichorium intybus <isa> Cichorium
Food and Agriculture
Organization of the UN
Library and Documentation
Systems Division
Margherita Sini
Slide 13
April 2005
FAO's Agricultural
Ontology Service
ECOTERMBerlin 2005
Maintenance Area
CS: Phase #1
ImprovedAGROVOC
MySQL
AGROVOCSKOS
AGROVOC OWL
Food and Agriculture
Organization of the UN
Library and Documentation
Systems Division
Margherita Sini
Slide 14
April 2005
FAO's Agricultural
Ontology Service
ECOTERMBerlin 2005
Maintenance Area
CS: Phase #2
AGROVOCMySQL
AGROVOCSKOS
AGROVOC OWL
Other Thesauri
integrate
if needed
Food and Agriculture
Organization of the UN
Library and Documentation
Systems Division
Margherita Sini
Slide 15
April 2005
FAO's Agricultural
Ontology Service
ECOTERMBerlin 2005
CS enrichment
• Multilinguality– Japanese (new), Hungarian, Korean, Lao, Marati
• Agricultural terms: 4000• Thesauri:
– IWMI– CIP– CIAT
• Chinese Agricultural Thesaurus• Definitions
Food and Agriculture
Organization of the UN
Library and Documentation
Systems Division
Margherita Sini
Slide 16
April 2005
FAO's Agricultural
Ontology Service
ECOTERMBerlin 2005
Concept
Relationshipsbetweenconcepts
Lexicalization/Term
String
Relationshipsbetweenstrings
Relationshipsbetweenterms
designated by
manifested asOther information:language/culture
subvocabulary/scopeaudiencetype, etc.
Note
annotation relationship
Relationship
RelationshipsbetweenRelationships
Food and Agriculture
Organization of the UN
Library and Documentation
Systems Division
Margherita Sini
Slide 17
April 2005
FAO's Agricultural
Ontology Service
ECOTERMBerlin 2005
AOS issues
• Relationships (concept level, term level, string level)
• URI• Versioning• Quality control• Class / Instances• Performance• Reasoners
Food and Agriculture
Organization of the UN
Library and Documentation
Systems Division
Margherita Sini
Slide 18
April 2005
FAO's Agricultural
Ontology Service
ECOTERMBerlin 2005
AGROVOC OWL: sample
Food and Agriculture
Organization of the UN
Library and Documentation
Systems Division
Margherita Sini
Slide 19
April 2005
FAO's Agricultural
Ontology Service
ECOTERMBerlin 2005
Instances
Food and Agriculture
Organization of the UN
Library and Documentation
Systems Division
Margherita Sini
Slide 20
April 2005
FAO's Agricultural
Ontology Service
ECOTERMBerlin 2005
Metadata Schemes and Ontologies
Food and Agriculture
Organization of the UN
Library and Documentation
Systems Division
Margherita Sini
Slide 21
April 2005
FAO's Agricultural
Ontology Service
ECOTERMBerlin 2005
Metadata Schemas as Ontologies
• The ontology layer offers:– the possibility of reasoning within the domain through
precise specifications of concepts, relations, and rules– the possibility of inferring new data from existing data
rights
gmodc:title
dc:author
dc:subject
---- --- -----Document--- ---- ----- -------
Resource
<dc:title /><dc:creator/>< />< />< />
Metadata schema / APMetadata Ontology
Sub-domain(subject) ontology
+ authority files
Food and Agriculture
Organization of the UN
Library and Documentation
Systems Division
Margherita Sini
Slide 22
April 2005
FAO's Agricultural
Ontology Service
ECOTERMBerlin 2005
A bibliographical metadata ontology
The ontology is composed of:• concepts• relationships between concepts• instances
FAOBIB DOCREP
Merge+
Transform
Food and Agriculture
Organization of the UN
Library and Documentation
Systems Division
Margherita Sini
Slide 23
April 2005
FAO's Agricultural
Ontology Service
ECOTERMBerlin 2005
Ontology Portal for the Food, Nutrition and Agriculture Journal
Food and Agriculture
Organization of the UN
Library and Documentation
Systems Division
Margherita Sini
Slide 24
April 2005
FAO's Agricultural
Ontology Service
ECOTERMBerlin 2005
The FAO Clearinghouse initiative
Food and Agriculture
Organization of the UN
Library and Documentation
Systems Division
Margherita Sini
Slide 25
April 2005
FAO's Agricultural
Ontology Service
ECOTERMBerlin 2005
The FAO Clearinghouse initiative
• Clearinghouse for Information Management Standards in Agriculture:– to facilitate collaboration, partnership and
networking among partners by promoting information exchange and knowledge sharing.
– to amalgamate the decentralized efforts currently taking place on development of methodologies, standards and applications for management of agricultural information systems; consequently, providing a ‘one-stop’ access to system designers and implementers.
Food and Agriculture
Organization of the UN
Library and Documentation
Systems Division
Margherita Sini
Slide 26
April 2005
FAO's Agricultural
Ontology Service
ECOTERMBerlin 2005
The FAO Clearinghouse initiative: goals
• to establish a network of partners who adhere and agree to the primary goal of the initiative “to provide unified and free access to information management approaches and tools”,
• to bring together information about currently available standards (such as thesauri, classification schemes, metadata sets, ontologies, controlled vocabularies) used in management of Agricultural Information,
• to encourage the re-use of these standards to facilitate interoperability between information systems,
• to increase awareness of these freely available resources, • to promote sharing of good practice examples, and • to provide channels for communication between different
actors in the community.
Food and Agriculture
Organization of the UN
Library and Documentation
Systems Division
Margherita Sini
Slide 27
April 2005
FAO's Agricultural
Ontology Service
ECOTERMBerlin 2005
Overall picture
Concept Server
• Subject concepts• Categories
Clearinghouse
Registry of Metadata Elements
<dc:title /><ags:citation />< />< />< />
Subjectontologies
Metadataand APontologies
KOS registry
kos
Food and Agriculture
Organization of the UN
Library and Documentation
Systems Division
Margherita Sini
Slide 28
April 2005
FAO's Agricultural
Ontology Service
ECOTERMBerlin 2005
The FAO Clearinghouse web site
Food and Agriculture
Organization of the UN
Library and Documentation
Systems Division
Margherita Sini
Slide 29
April 2005
FAO's Agricultural
Ontology Service
ECOTERMBerlin 2005
Johannes Keizer Fynvola LehunteWard
Anita LiangGauri Salokhe
Margherita Sini
http://www.fao.org/agris/aos/
Sixth Agricultural Ontology Service Workshop on
"Ontologies: the more practical issues and experiences“
July 25-28, 2005, Vila Real, Portugal
Thank you.