ecosystems essential question: how do organisms interact with and respond to components of their...
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EcosystemsEssential Question:How do organisms interact with and respond to components of their environment?
Vocabulary Species Competition Population Coexistence Community Cooperation Ecosystem Symbiosis Habitat Commensalism Niche Parasitism Biotic Mutualism Abiotic
Concept How populations are affected in
ecosystems; Relationships among populations.
Species Group of organisms that share
characteristics and can breed with one another.
Example: white-tailed deer.
Population All the members of a species living in a
certain area. Example: white-tailed deer in a forest.
Community All the populations of different species
living in an area. Example: white-tailed deer, chipmunks,
trees, fungi, insects living in a forest.
Ecosystem All the living AND nonliving parts of an
environment, plus how they interact. Terrestrial – land (forest, desert,
grassland.) NC’s main ecosystem – temperate
deciduous forest. Freshwater – rivers, lakes, wetlands.
Many are found in NC. Marine – salty ocean water.
Habitat The place/home where an organism
lives. Example: a rotting log is a habitat for
insects, worms, and fungi.
Niche How an organism acts (the role it plays)
in an ecosystem.
Biotic Factor The LIVING factors in an ecosystem. Example: all the plants, fungi, and
animals in a forest.
Abiotic Factor All the NONliving factors in an
ecosystem. Example: light, temperature, weather,
soil, water.
Competition Members of a population & community
compete for what they need to survive: Water, space, sunlight, food.
Coexistence Members of a community living
together, but not affecting the other’s survival in the ecosystem.
Cooperation Members of a population working
together for survival.
Symbiosis A close relationship between two
species that benefits at least one of them.
Commensalism One species benefits; the other is not
affected. Example: egret & cattle
Parasitism One organism lives in/on another
organism and harms it. The parasite lives in/on the host. Example: fleas, ticks, leeches.
Mutualism Both species benefit from the
interaction.