Introduction

• A Real time operating system• An operating system which is open source to

develop embedded applications• Real time scheduling• Designed to avoid fragmentation

Featureso Real-Time Performanceo Low Interrupt Latencyo Low Task Switching Latencyo Small Memory Footprinto Deterministic Behaviouro Highly Configurableo Full Feature Seto Open Source Kernelo No Runtime Licensing, Fees or Royaltieso Open Source GNU Development Tools

Core components

o Hardware Abstraction Layero Real-time kernel.o ISO C and math librarieso Device driverso GNU Debugger (GDB) support

Hardware Abstraction Layer (HAL)

o The HAL is a software layer.

o It provides a platform independent API for platform specific functionality.

o Enhances portability of code.

HAL contd..• Architecture HAL

– Abstracts the basic CPU and includes interrupt delivery, context switching , CPU startup and etc.

• Platform HAL– Abstracts the properties of the current platform

and includes startup, timer devised, I/O register access and interrupt controllers

• Implementation HAL– Abstracts properties that lie between these two,

such as architecture variants and on-chip devices

The Kernel

o The Kernel is the core to the eCos system.

o Provides standard functionality likeo interrupt and exception handlingo schedulingo threadso synchronization

Kernel internals• Scheduler options

– Bitmap scheduler– Multi-level scheduler– Experimental “lottery” scheduler (under

development)• Interrupt handling• ISR• DSR

Kernel internals

• Exception handling is configurable

• Thread synchronization– Available thread synchronization primitives

• Semaphores, Mutex, Condition variables, Flags

ISO C and Math libraries

o There are three aspects o ISO  C library o Math libraryo  environment in which applications run when they

use the standard C library. 

eCos API

o eCos supports the following standard APIo µitrono POSIXo Embedded Linux API compatible with EL/IX.o It’s own native API.

Steps in developing eCos applications

PROCEDURE

• 1. Install VirtualBox• 2. Install Ubuntu in VirtualBox• 3. Install the eCos package• 4. Install the eCos configuration tool• 5. Modify the program in "examples" directory• 6. Run the program

Install Virtual box

Install Ubuntu in Virtual box

Install eCos Package

Extract the eCos configuration tool

Install the eCos configuration tool

Modify the program in "examples" directory

Run the program

THANK YOU