economy and work
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VY_32_INOVACE_14-07. Economy and work. History Industry and Agriculture Services Export, Import Work and unemployment. History of British economy. - PowerPoint PPT PresentationTRANSCRIPT
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Economy and work
HistoryIndustry and Agriculture
ServicesExport, Import
Work and unemployment
VY_32_INOVACE_14-07
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History of British economy
first industrialized world`s country – coal, iron, steel and textile industry – powerful during the 18th - 19th cent., now declining and replaced by oil and gas industry
major world trading nation for hundreds of years – changed after WWII the USA
1960s powerful trade unions changed when Margaret Thatcher was PM, now voluntary and 28% of workforce belong there
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1970s 1970s – oil crisis, stock market crash, inflation
1979 – M. Thatcher: modernisation of economy, free market, privatisation
(railways – expensive), unemployment, strikes, recovery in 1997
the UK is a member of: the EU – half trade with EU countries, the Commonwealth
of Nations, the G7, G8, the Internatioanl Monetory Fund …
developed country and the seventh-largest national economy measured by GDP
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Industry 18.2 % of the whole labour force
raw materials and deposits: oil and gas – the North and Irish Sea: BP (British Petroleum), Royal
Dutch Shell, BG Group construction mater.: clay, limestone, sandstone, salt, dolomite,
granite… lead, gold, iron ore, coal
leading industries : chemicals, pharmaceuticals, electronics, vehicles, machines and means of transport, paper, textile, food and drink, media
majority run by commercial companies (public limited comp.): British Rail, buses, Br. Airways, gas, oil, water, electricity, British
Telecom… but: The Post Office, The National Health Service – in govern. hands
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Rolls-Royce Trent 900 on an Airbus A380
Autor: neznámý, Název: A380-trent900.JPG
Zdroj: http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:A380-trent900.JPG
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Agriculture 1.4 % of the whole labour force
intensive, mechanised Provides 60% of the UK food needs trend to organic farming reduce of artificial fertilisers, pesticides,…
they breed: livestock – cattle, sheep, pigs, horses, poultry 2/3 of production
they grow: wheat, barley, oats, sugar beet, potatoes, flax, hops, vegetables, fruits 1/3 arable crops
fishing cod, haddock, shellfish, salmon, trout
forestry and hunting
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Services 80.4 %, earn more than manufacturing and agriculture together
London – the world`s greatest financial centre alongside NY and Tokyo
the most important are financial and business services: City of London, Canary Wharf, London Stock Exchange Bank of England - 1694, HSBC, Lloyds, Barclays Bank, Royal Bank of
Scotland Group
tourism and transport the first steam locomotive (1804), the oldest underground
investment, insurance, catering, computing services (English as IT language)
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British brands
BP, BA, BTBritish AerospaceRolls Royce, Land Rover Reuters, Financial TimesShell Johnnie Walker, GuinessTesco, Sainsbury`s, Carrefour…
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City of London
Autor: Mewiki, Název: City of London.jpg
Zdroj: http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:City_of_London.jpg
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Export / Import Import:
manufacturing industry has declined more good imported (Asia): food, spices…Asia, China oil…Middle East machinery
Export:
services, machines, vehicles, chemicals, alcohol, foodstuff
the sixth largest exporter of goods
the second largest exporter of services
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Work
‘I like work: it fascinates me. I can sit and look at it for hours.’
Jerome K. Jerome
70% of Br. households buy their own home, longer working hours, work in a city and live in a small cottage in the country main goal
37- 40 hours/week, minimum wage about 5.73£/hour
nowadays more part-time jobs, working from home (broadband computer network), flexible hours
13% self-employed (Chinese, Bangladeshi, Pakistani…corner shops, restaurants, hotels, take aways)
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Unemployment low – 8%…state benefits
equal opportunities, job agencies / state and private
immigrants: more than 600,000 from 2004, have to register…not easy
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Thank you for your attention.
Autor DUM: Mgr. Darina Sikorová