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Economic Commission for Europe
Conference of European Statisticians Sixty-fifth plenary session Geneva, 19-21 June 2017 Item 7 (e) of the provisional agenda Unpaid household work
Guide on valuing unpaid household service work
Prepared by the Task Force on Valuing Unpaid Household Service Work
12 June 2017 English only
(A summary document carrying symbol ECE/CES/2017/6 is available in English, French and Russian on the CES 65th plenary session webpage)
Summary
The document presents the revised Guide on valuing unpaid household service work. This version addresses the comments received from the electronic consultation among members of the Conference of European Statisticians carried out in March-April 2017.
The Guide was prepared by the UNECE Task Force on Valuing Unpaid Household Service Work consisting of Australia, Canada, Chile, Finland, Italy, Mexico, New Zealand, Republic of Moldova, Slovenia, Switzerland, United Kingdom (Chair), United States, Eurostat, ILO, and OECD, and UNECE.
In view of the high support received in the consultation, the Guide is submitted to the 2017 plenary session of the Conference of European Statisticians for endorsement.
2
Acknowledgements
The present Guide has been prepared by the UNECE Task Force on Valuing Unpaid Household Service Work, which consisted of the following members: Dominic Webber, Chair of the Task Force (United Kingdom Office for National Statistics), Guinevere Hunt (Australian Bureau of Statistics), Malika Hamdad (Statistics Canada ), Evelyn Larenas Fuentes (National Statistical Institute of Chile), Katri Soinne and Hannu Pääkkönen (Statistics Finland), Kristiina Aalto (University of Helsinki), Monica Montella (Istat, Italy), Raúl Figueroa Díaz (INEGI, Mexico), Vladimir Ganta (National Bureau of Statistics of the Republic of Moldova), Andrej Kralj (Statistical Office of the Republic of Slovenia), Jacqueline Schön-Bühlmann (Swiss Federal Statistical Office), Benjamin Bridgman (United States Bureau of Economic Analysis), Christopher Payne and Vasileios Antonopolous (United Kingdom Office for National Statistics), Andreas Dollt (Eurostat), Kieran Walsh (ILO), Peter van de Ven and Carlotta Balestra (OECD), Andres Vikat and Vania Etropolska (UNECE).
The chapters of the Guide have been discussed and agreed by the entire Task Force. Some organizations took the primary responsibility of compiling certain chapters, as follows: chapters 1 and 5 by United Kingdom Office for National Statistics (ONS), chapters 2, 3 and 6 by Statistics Canada, and chapter 4 by ONS, Istat (Italy), Statistics Finland and University of Helsinki.
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Contents
List of Tables ............................................................................................................................ 7
List of Figures ........................................................................................................................... 8
Acronyms / Abbreviations ....................................................................................................... 9
Chapter 1 Introduction, Overview and Main Conclusions ............................................ 11
1.1 Why this Guide? ........................................................................................................ 11
1.2 Importance of unpaid household service work ......................................................... 12
1.3 Overview of the Guide .............................................................................................. 13
1.3.1 Chapter 2: Concepts and definitions .................................................................. 13 1.3.2 Chapter 3: Methodological approaches ............................................................. 14 1.3.3 Chapter 4: The structure of household satellite accounts .................................. 15 1.3.4 Chapter 5: Implementation and measurement challenges ................................. 15 1.3.5 Chapter 6: Reporting .......................................................................................... 16 1.3.6 Chapter 7: Country-specific case studies ........................................................... 16 1.3.7 Chapter 8: Current and future research work ..................................................... 17
1.4 Main conclusions ....................................................................................................... 18
1.4.1 Summary of recommendations .......................................................................... 20
Annex 1.1: UNECE survey on national practices on valuing unpaid household service work ..................................................................................................................................... 22
Chapter 2 Concepts and Definitions ................................................................................. 23
2.1 Introduction ............................................................................................................... 23
2.2 SNA production boundary and general production boundary .................................. 23
2.3 Defining own-use production work of services ........................................................ 24
2.4 What activities should be included? .......................................................................... 27
2.5 Valuing own-use production work of services .......................................................... 28
2.5.1 Introduction ........................................................................................................ 28 2.5.2 The input valuation approach............................................................................. 28 2.5.3 The output valuation approach ........................................................................... 29
Annex 2.1: Background to Resolution I of the 19th ICLS ................................................... 31
Chapter 3 Methodological Approaches ............................................................................ 32
3.1 Introduction ............................................................................................................... 32
3.2 Data and coverage ..................................................................................................... 32
3.3 Classification of activities to be measured ................................................................ 33
3.4 Valuation techniques ─ the input and output valuation approaches ......................... 34
3.4.1 The input approach ............................................................................................ 35 3.4.2 The output approach .......................................................................................... 41 3.4.3 Comparison between the output and input approaches ...................................... 44
Chapter 4 The Household Satellite Account .................................................................... 47
4.1 Introduction to the household satellite account ......................................................... 47
4.2 Developing a household satellite account ................................................................. 47
4
4.2.1 A simplified satellite account for own-use production work of services ........... 47 4.2.2 A Satellite Account for own-use production work of services with an Extended Production Boundary ........................................................................................................ 57 4.2.3 Sequence of extended household accounts ........................................................ 63 4.2.4 Impact on national account variables ................................................................. 72
Annex 4.1: Allocation of COICOP codes to intermediate and final consumption, and household capital ................................................................................................................. 73
Annex 4.2: Allocation of intermediate consumption to own-use production work of services activities ................................................................................................................ 76
Annex 4.3: Allocation of household capital to own-use production work of services activities .............................................................................................................................. 78
Annex 4.4: Use table at purchasers' prices (excluding extension of the production boundary) ............................................................................................................................ 79
Annex 4.5: Use table at purchasers' prices (impact of extending the production boundary) ............................................................................................................................................. 85
Chapter 5 Implementation and Measurement Challenges............................................. 91
5.1 Introduction to the chapter ........................................................................................ 91
5.2 The measurement of inputs ....................................................................................... 91
5.2.1 Alternative sources for measuring labour input ................................................. 91 5.2.2 Methodological choices in designing a survey to measure time use ................. 92 5.2.3 Summary assessment of different approaches ................................................... 93 5.2.4 Classification of activities to be measured ......................................................... 95
Annex 5.1: Comparison of existing and recommended international activity classifications for measuring time use (mapped to ICATUS) .................................................................... 97
Chapter 6 Reporting ........................................................................................................ 100
6.1 Indicators of own-use production work of services for policy setting .................... 100
6.1.1 General indicators ............................................................................................ 100 6.1.2 Specific indicators ............................................................................................ 105
6.2 Periodicity ............................................................................................................... 106
6.3 How should measures of own-use production work of services be broken down? 107
Chapter 7 Case Studies .................................................................................................... 108
7.1 Measuring and valuing unpaid household service work – Canada’s experience .... 108
7.1.1 Measuring own-use production work of services using a time-use survey ..... 108 7.1.2 Comparing valuations based on the opportunity cost and replacement costs approach ......................................................................................................................... 110
7.2 Measuring and valuing unpaid household service work – Australia’s experience . 112
7.2.1 Measuring own-use production work of services using the replacement hybrid approach ......................................................................................................................... 112 7.2.2 Results .............................................................................................................. 113
7.3 How does own-use production work of services affect measured income inequality? – United States .................................................................................................................. 114
7.3.1 Introduction ...................................................................................................... 114 7.3.2 Data .................................................................................................................. 114
5
7.3.3 Valuing own-use production work of services using the replacement generalist and specialist approach ................................................................................................... 115 7.3.4 Estimating time spent in own-use production work of services using a regression model ............................................................................................................. 115 7.3.5 Results .............................................................................................................. 116 7.3.6 Conclusion ....................................................................................................... 116
7.4 Implementation of the household satellite account of Mexico ............................... 117
7.4.1 Distribution of time spent on own-use production work of services by individual characteristics, and by each activity .............................................................. 117 7.4.2 Comparing valuations of own-use production work of services using the replacement generalist and hybrid approaches. .............................................................. 119
7.5 Republic of Moldova’s experience in estimating the value of unpaid household service work ...................................................................................................................... 121
7.5.1 Measuring own-use production work of services using a time use survey. ..... 121 7.5.2 Valuing own-use production work of services using a replacement specialist and generalist approach .................................................................................................. 122 7.5.3 Conclusions ...................................................................................................... 126
7.6 The relationship between household disposable income and unpaid household service work- Finland ........................................................................................................ 126
7.7 The valuing method of Switzerland: Empirical example with different assumptions on wages ............................................................................................................................ 127
7.7.1 Empirical example with different wages ......................................................... 130 7.7.2 Conclusions ...................................................................................................... 131
7.8 Using an output approach to measuring own-use production work of services – United Kingdom’s experience ........................................................................................... 132
7.8.1 Introduction ...................................................................................................... 132 7.8.2 Measuring the gross value added of informal childcare .................................. 132 7.8.3 Measuring the gross value added of household nutrition services .................. 137 7.8.4 Conclusions ...................................................................................................... 139
7.9 Measuring consumption of fixed capital for own-use production work of services production in Italy, 2002 and 2008 ................................................................................... 140
7.10 Examples of continuous time-use surveys – United States ................................. 141
7.11 Example of using time-use surveys - a light diary / full diary – Finland ............ 142
7.11.1 Introduction ...................................................................................................... 142 7.11.2 Data .................................................................................................................. 142 7.11.3 Non-response ................................................................................................... 143 7.11.4 Classification of activities ................................................................................ 144 7.11.5 Results .............................................................................................................. 144 7.11.6 Conclusions ...................................................................................................... 146
7.12 An example of using a Labour Force Survey module to measure labour input to unpaid household service work – Switzerland .................................................................. 146
7.12.1 Introduction ...................................................................................................... 146 7.12.2 Implementation of unpaid household service work module into Labour Force Survey 147 7.12.3 Surveys ............................................................................................................. 148 7.12.4 Key results from the Labour Force Survey - module 2013 ............................. 150 7.12.5 Conclusions ...................................................................................................... 155
6
7.13 Connecting a household satellite account to a health satellite account - Mexico 156
Chapter 8 Current and Future Research Areas ............................................................ 159
8.1 Simultaneous activities ............................................................................................ 159
8.1.1 What are simultaneous activities? .................................................................... 159 8.1.2 Why is multitasking important? ....................................................................... 159 8.1.3 How are simultaneous activities treated in time-use surveys? ......................... 160 8.1.4 Measuring time spent in simultaneous activities ............................................. 161 8.1.5 Valuing time spent in simultaneous activities ................................................. 163 8.1.6 Conclusion ....................................................................................................... 164
8.2 Volunteer work ........................................................................................................ 164
Glossary ................................................................................................................................ 166
References ............................................................................................................................. 168
7
ListofTables
Table 3.1 Input-based method: condensed guidelines ............................................................. 35 Table 3.2 Components captured while using the output valuation and their relationship to gross value added and output ................................................................................................... 42 Table 3.3 Comparison of input and output approaches for Canada, 1992 ............................... 45 Table 4.1 Own-use production work of services activities, and their market counterparts ..... 49 Table 4.2 Simplified use table at purchasers' prices (excluding extension of the production boundary) ................................................................................................................................. 56 Table 4.3 Simplified use table at purchasers' prices (impact of extending the production boundary) ................................................................................................................................. 62 Table 4.4 Example of household sector accounts .................................................................... 64 Table 4.5 Household production account, version 1: SNA and non-SNA production estimated separately ................................................................................................................................. 65 Table 4.6 Household production account, version 2: SNA and non-SNA production combined for household meal services ..................................................................................................... 66 Table 4.7 Sequence of extended accounts ............................................................................... 67 Table 5.1 Assessment of different approaches to collection information on time use ............ 93 Table 5.2 ICATUS 2016 classification – top level .................................................................. 96 Table 6.1 Indicators for measuring physical volume of own-use production work of services................................................................................................................................................ 100 Table 6.2 Indicators for measuring the value of own-use production work of services ........ 101 Table 6.3 Indicators for measuring labour devoted to own-use production work of services................................................................................................................................................ 102 Table 6.4 Indicators for measuring household consumption of own-use production work of services ................................................................................................................................... 103 Table 6.5 Tax based indicators for measuring own-use production work of services ........... 104 Table 6.6 Specific indicators of own-use production work of services ................................. 105 Table 7.1 Value of own-use production work of services using different methods .............. 111 Table 7.2 Main results of unpaid household service work from Household Satellite Account of Mexico, 2003-2014 ............................................................................................................ 120 Table 7.3 Estimated monthly value of unpaid household service work ................................ 123 Table 7.4 Estimated monthly value of unpaid household service work using LFS wage estimate .................................................................................................................................. 125 Table 7.5 Equivalent wages (General Classification of Economic Activities, NOGA -02) .. 129 Table 7.6 Estimated United Kingdom formal childcare hours per child, 2005-2014 ............ 135 Table 7.7 Characteristics of the Full-scale Time Use Survey and the Light Diary Survey ... 143 Table 7.8 Time used for main activities by type of diary and gender (Minutes per day) ..... 145 Table 7.9 Domestic and family workload by group of activities, 2013 (Hours on average per week) ...................................................................................................................................... 150 Table 7.10 Time spent on voluntary work, 2013 (Hours on average per week) .................... 153 Table 7.11 Distribution of unpaid household service work of permanent population aged 15 and over, 2013 (Millions of hours) ........................................................................................ 154 Table 8.1 Different ways of recording multitasking .............................................................. 161 Table 8.2 Example matrix time-use activity for primary and secondary own-use production of service work activities, Italy, 2008 and 2009 (Minutes per day) ........................................... 162 Table 8.3 Alternative valuations of own-use production work of services, ATUS, 2003 ..... 164
8
ListofFigures
Figure 2.1 Forms of work framework and relationship to SNA, 2008 .................................... 25 Figure 6.1 Average weekly hours and wage rate by household function, 2006 .................... 103 Figure 6.2 Total household consumption of own-use production of services work, 2008 (Purchasing power parities, United States = 100) .................................................................. 104 Figure 7.1 Composition of the total workload of the economy in hours by sex, 2014* (Millions of hours) ................................................................................................................. 118 Figure 7.2 Care and domestic work of households by type of services in terms of GDP, 2014 (Percentage) ........................................................................................................................... 119 Figure 7.3 Monetary valuation of unpaid household service work, 2013 ............................. 130 Figure 7.4 Monetary valuation of unpaid household service work by different wages, 2013................................................................................................................................................ 131 Figure 7.5 ONS assumption regarding unsupervised time .................................................... 134 Figure 7.6 Ratio of informal to formal childcare (Hours) .................................................... 136 Figure 7.7 Ratio of informal childcare to GDP ...................................................................... 137 Figure 7.8 Volume of calories eaten in and expenditure eaten out, 2005-2014 .................... 138 Figure 7.9 GVA of nutrition services of households ............................................................. 139 Figure 7.10 Breakdown of final consumption in the national accounts in intermediate consumption and durable goods, Italy, 2002 and 2008 ......................................................... 141 Figure 7.11 Unpaid household service work in Switzerland ................................................. 148 Figure 7.12 Time spent on domestic and family workload, by household type, 2013 (Hours on average per week) ............................................................................................................. 151 Figure 7.13 Time spent on professional activity on housework and caring for the family, 2013................................................................................................................................................ 151 Figure 7.14 Involvement in formal voluntary work, 2013..................................................... 152 Figure 7.15 Involvement in informal voluntary work, 2013 ................................................. 152 Figure 7.16 Volume of unpaid household service work of permanent resident population aged 15 and over, 2013 (Millions of hours) ................................................................................... 154 Figure 7.17 Example of the linkage between unpaid household service work and other satellite accounts .................................................................................................................... 158
9
Acronyms/Abbreviations
ABS Australian Bureau of Statistics ASHE Annual Survey of Hours and Earnings, United Kingdom ATUS American Time Use Survey CAPI Computer Assisted Personal Interview CATI Computer Assisted Telephone Interview CES Conference of European Statisticians CISSTAT Interstate Statistical Committee of the Commonwealth of the Independent States CoE Compensation of employees COICOP Classification of Individual Consumption According to Purpose CPA Classification of Products by Activity CPS Current Population Survey, United StatesEEH Survey of Employee Earnings and Hours, Australia Eurostat European Union Statistical Office ES Earnings Survey FSO Federal Statistical Office, Switzerland GDP Gross Domestic Product GNP Gross National Product GOS Gross Operating Surplus GSS General Social Survey, Canada GVA Gross Value Added HETUS Harmonized European Time Use Survey HHFCE Household Final Consumption Expenditure ICATUS International Classification of Activities for Time Use Statistics ICLS International Conference of Labour Statisticians ILO International Labor Organization IMF International Monetary Fund INEGI National Institute of Statistics and Geography, Mexico ISCO International Standard Classification of Occupations ISIC International Standard Industrial Classification of all economic activities LFS Labour Force Survey MDL Moldovan Leu, Currency MNW Measuring National Well-Being programme, United Kingdom MTUS Multinational Time Use Survey NACE Statistical classification of economic activities in the European Community NOGA General Classification of Economic Activities NPI Non-Profit Institutions NPISH Non-Profit Institutions Serving Households OECD Organisation for Economic Co�operation and Development ONS Office for National Statistics, United Kingdom OPCS Office of Population Censuses and Survey, United Kingdom PIM Perpetual Inventory Method RC Replacement Cost approach RC-G Replacement Cost, Generalist approach RC-S Replacement Cost, Specialist approach RTC Return To Capital SEPH Survey of Employment, Payroll and Hours, Canada SESS Swiss Earnings Structure Survey
10
SLFS Swiss Labour force Survey SNA System of National Accounts SOEP German Socio-Economic Panel SVW Survey on Volunteer Work, Moldova SWI Swiss Wage Index TUS Time Use Survey UNECE United Nations Economic Commission for Europe UNSD United Nations Statistics Division VAT Value Added Tax ZEMIS Central Migration Information, Switzerland
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gely guides 977), unpaidousehold an
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3.2 Chapt
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at. This Guid
Next, the chach to valuinhe time spenes need to d
he opportunirk – or the rrket. Withined using ge
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mends valuinbefore tax (g
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to producing sines for harmo
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ter3:Me
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outlining thnd output apde describesrk of servic
ethodolog
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nsation for These inclu
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ss, the Guidend describesldcare. The nt prices. Uifferent pric
D, 2005. UNECE, 2013.
proaches to While the dered conceptue input (sum
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n countries ives valuingh as caring fve merits of duction wor
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Chapter 4 outing framew
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orates the pht valuation,
Chapter 4 theng the value
ments to the mption expentance, houseduction of m
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work treats thand gross va
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Chapter 5 exement that cst section ofinputs. In dor instance, s
ld-minders..
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en proposese of own-usexisting SNnditure as inehold expenmeals for owre reclassifieciation and
stments are the productie direct benehis activity alue added
s proposed sproduction w
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ter5:Im
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. The chapte
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required foion own-useefits for looas a form o(GVA) of th
supply and uwork of servs a number e home com
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pter describector. By doiof services ahold disposaities and po
mplement
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be recorded
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or the receipe production
oking after cof subsidy, ahe own-use
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mpared direcded-GDP” –
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allenges suren measurin
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rovides a framanner that ind informatctly to that t
– that is, con
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or estimatingble with trades. First, thee in the mar
GDP plus th
xtended sequn and consuby proposinnt take on trer 6.
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C27.of servifrom thGDP pechapter breakdomeasurecomparending dimensimeasuremeasure
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3.5 Chapt
Chapter 6 deices that are
he number oer capita witconcludes b
owns of meaes of own-urability, couin 5 and 0. ion in own-es of own-ues should be
3.6 Chapt
Chapter 7 prethe Guide. Tn 7.4), Repul approache
case studies ect on incom, Switzerlanalyses the ms. The examrland (sectioo (section 7.
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E34.activitie
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ollowing thped and test
the Finnishies in a full
ctivity so thed so that is ed some useht-diary prover, respondemmended thl activity.
witzerland oo measure lwas survey
ary work. Thch. For instaad access to more, becau
risons of timndividuals. Hthat while thsibility for htion work ofmore, thereactivities on
uishing categ with childr
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3.7 Chapt
Chapter 8 coh regarding long-standinace in parallare numeroue, one couldondary in to
ven if an ages, issues ar
S). While ths annual est
he United Stted by Finlah light diary-scale surveat the data cwas compa
eful and infovided estiments reportehat future lig
outlines thelabour inputyed regardinhe case studance, it wasgood qualit
use the modme spent in pHowever, thhe results prhousework af services co
e were issuen the referenegories of owren as childc
e of Mexicoey are attem
may be captulinkages heounts. It can
ent accounts
ter8:Cu
ncludes thethe measur
ng issue – thlel with eachus solutions d record secotal.
greement is rise when at
his approachtimates allow
tates case stand. Attempy classified 3ey. Furthermcollection barable with pormative resates that we
ed difficultyght-diaries a
eir experienct. Using this
ng time spendy identified relatively lty informat
dule is attacpaid work ahe survey wrovide someand childcarompleted bys of recall -nce day. Finwn-use prodcare, and ot
outlines hompting to mured in both
elps avoid dn also proms.
rrentand
e Guide by rrement of unhe treatmenh other, sucto recordin
condary acti
reached onttempting to
17
h requires ows frequent
tudy is an acting to over35 main actmore, responbe minimiseprevious fusults. For inere close to y in recordinallow for th
ce of using s module, ant on housewd numerous low budget,ion on dom
ched to an emand own-use
was limited te insight intre), it did noy all the me- individualsnally, the reduction worthers as leis
ow differenteasure. For h household
duplication amote synergi
dfuture
reporting arnpaid house
nt of simultach as lookinng the time sivities in a s
n measuring o value this
overcomingt estimates o
ccount of a rcome the lativities – condents wered. Nonethel
ull-diaries. Onstance, desp
those obtainng just one mhe recording
a module oapproximatework, carinadvantages meaning th
mestic and famployment e productionto only one to householot inform onembers of a s may not hesults reliedrk of serviceure.
t satellite acinstance, th
d satellite anand achieveies and know
research
reas of existehold servicaneous activng after childspent in simseparate tab
the time sptime. For in
g a number oof own-use
light-diary ack of timelnsiderably le asked to reless, the ligh
Overall, testpite low resned from thmain activit
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on the Labouely two thirdg, domestics with this Lhat Swiss deamily workl
survey, it en work of seperson per
lds managemn the volumhousehold
have remembd on respondes- some m
ccounts can he provisionnd health sae results thatwledge shar
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multaneous ale, or count
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of challengeproduction
approach, liness of fulless than theecord only oht dairy waing a light-dsponse rateshe full-diaryty, and thereone additio
ur Force Suds of the LFc tasks and LFS modulaecision-makload since 1enables ervices for thousehold. ment (main
me of own-utogether. bered all ofdents correc
might describ
overlap in tn of help or atellite accout are consistring betwee
as for futurehe chapter beltaneous actcooking a mactivities. Ft both the pr
mary and secluing time u
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ll time e 146 one s diary s (17%), y. efore, it n
urvey FS
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C35.work. Aand valuentails athose adILO, 20
N36.in-depthcarried the ownpoorer pability toppositthe amoexplanaproduct
T37.servicesmeasureseveral measureconcludis due toservices
1.4 M
T38.productconsum
In39.options choice o
ist wage is pchild. This as using the gneous activ
on of further
Chapter 8 theAs stated earuation of owa whole set ddressed in 011), the Ta
Next, the chah analysis thout in Finla
n-use produpeople shouto contract te, at least in
ount of ownatory variabtion work of
he chapter es and housees of own-umeasures oes suggest tde that virtuo the additios - to money
Maincon
he Guide shtion work of
mption, and h
n valuing owin terms of
of:
The inputwork of sHow bestservices. Which wthe input wages?
problematicadds weightgeneralist w
vities is not hr research an
en discussesrlier, the Guwn-use prodof measurethis guide.
ask Force co
apter focusehan this Guand examiniuction work uld consumethese servicn this Finnisn-use producle is the avaf services.
explores furehold incomuse productiof inequalitythat extendeually all of thon of a largy income.
nclusion
hows that it f services, ahousehold d
wn-use prodf both measu
t or output aservices. t to collect i
wage rates toapproach?
c for someont to valuing
wage approahousehold wnd thought
s some of thuide focusesduction worement and vWhile some
onsiders this
es on researcuide recomming the relatof services.e more unpa
ces in the mash example.ction work oailability of
rther the relme. It presenion work ofy. Their resued income ishe differenc
ge constant -
ns
is possible and construcdisposable i
duction woruring the in
approach to
information
o use for valReplaceme
18
ne who spenthe time sp
ach, but stillwork. All oftowards to
he issues regs primarily rk of servicevaluation che guidance s as an area
ch carried omends as a mtionship bet. The Guideaid househoarket. Howe. The authorof services
f good altern
lationship bnts a case stuf services toults are enlis more equace in measu- the averag
to derive esct a satelliteincome.
rk of servicenputs and va
o measuring
n on the inpu
luing own-unt or opport
nds an hourpent on ownl issues willf these issuethe treatmen
garding the on methodoes. The meaallenges marelevant to for follow
out in other minimum. Ftween housee states that old service wever, testingrs concludetaking placenatives for o
etween ownudy from th estimate inghtening. Fally distribu
ured inequalge value of o
stimates of e account to
es, statisticaaluation. In
g the physica
uts to own-u
use productitunity cost?
r both cookin-use producl arise if onees taken tognt of simult
measuremeologies for tasurement oany of whicvolunteer wup activitie
countries thFirst is a sumehold dispoeconomic t
work due tog this hypote that income. A more imoutsourcing
n-use produhe United Stncome in-kinFirst, all of thuted than molity betweenown-use pro
the value oo show the i
al agencies hparticular, c
al units of o
use product
ion work of? Generalist
ing and lookction work oe of the
gether implytaneous acti
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hat provide mmary of anosable incomtheory suggo their reducthesis prove
me does not emportant
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f own-use mpact on G
have a rangcountries fa
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nteer ement r work ar to (see
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oduction
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Fo40.recommfeatureswith trasignificis the coproductGuide rage, andmeasureprioritie
W41.output osurveysburdensLight dialternatfull diarrecommon time
Fo42.countriereplacemas it canis morerequiredhouseho
T43.As outlirecommproductthereforuseful fwage apcleaning
O44.househostage isinformaown-usdoes noinvested
T45.productconsum
How shocapital in
or estimatinmends the ins, such as maditional natcant, and neaollection of tion work ofrecommendd householde and reportes may requ
While the coof own-use s are resourcs. The Guidiaries, for etive that coury approach
mends harme-use in ever
ollowing thes face a ranment wage n lead to cou valuable wd for these oold work.
he next queined in Cha
mends the getivity of houre the qualitfor overcompproach reqg, rather tha
Once arrivingold satellite to add to th
ation from te productio
ot alter the pd in the own
he second stion work of
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uld productn the proces
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measuring ditional accouarly almost
f time-use daf services. Ts disaggregd compositiot for those a
uire measuri
llection of tproduction
ce intensivede outlines axample, wh
untries couldhes. Whatevonisation ofry year endi
he collectionnge of optioover the opunterintuitiv
when carriedoccupations
estion regardapter 3, whileneralist wausehold memty of service
ming some oquires only oan some com
g at a measue account. The traditionaime-use surn work of s
production bn-use produ
stage extendf services. Tnditure to in
ts be reclasss of perform
ical units ofhe output appirectly the vunting exercdifficult to ata, and theThis approaating estimaon. In termsaged 15 yeaing the work
time-use dawork of ser
e, requiring a number ofhich required implemen
ver method cf reference ping 5 and 0
n of labour ions in termspportunity cove results, f
d out by a las have little
ds the choicle there are age approacmbers are ue per hour o
of the issuesone wage rambination o
ure for the vhe Guide real supply anrveys and brservices withboundary deuction work
ds the produThis involventermediate
19
sified as inteming own-u
f own-use pproach. The
volume of secises. Howeachieve in
ereby, the reach allows aates of owns of age lim
ars as a minik of childre
ata is more arvices, it is both consid
f alternative a less detai
nt on a morecountries deperiods acro.
input into os of valuatioost. Internatfor instanceawyer compbearing in t
ce of wage rattractive fe
ch. This appunlikely to mof work is li raised by s
ate to value of two rates
value of labecommendsnd use framreakdownsh their counescribed in tof services
uction bounes the reallo consumptio
ermediate cuse productio
roduction we output appervices prodever, the datpractice. Re
ecording of a more refinn-use produc
mits, the Guiimum, but ren aged you
achievable tstill not a tr
derable respsolutions to
il of recordee frequent becide to coloss countrie
wn-use proon. First, thetionally, the, that an hou
pared to a sethe care of c
rates - generfeatures to bproach best amatch those ikely to be lsimultaneouan hour of under the s
bour input cs undertakin
mework of thof activities
nterparts in the SNA, an.
dary by incocation of pon and hous
consumptionon work of
work of servproach has sduced, and ita burden reelatively molabour inpu
ned level of ction work oide states threcognises tnger than 1
than measurrivial task. F
pondent ando the full timed activities
basis to supplect time-uses by collec
duction wore Guide recoe latter apprur spent loo
ecretary. Archildren, or
ralist versusboth approacaccounts foof specialis
less. Furtherus activities.childcare co
specialist ap
ountries canng this in twhe national as, enabling tthe market.nd merely r
luding the vroducts fromsehold capit
n or househservices?
vices, the Gusome attractis more conequired is ore straightf
ut into own-analysis, anof services at countriesthat nationa5 years.
ring the direFull time-us
d data codingme diary sus, are a promplement lessse data, the cting inform
rk of servicommends throach is discoking after aguably, the
r other form
s specialist ches, the Gur the fact thst workers, rmore, it is . The generaombined wi
pproach.
n then compwo stages. Thaccounts the compar This first s
records the t
value of owm final tal using the
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nsistent
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nd this by sex, s should l
ect se g
urveys. mising s-timely Guide
mation
ces, he counted a child skills
ms of
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pile a he first
ison of stage time
wn-use
e tables
in the andeprecimodel, an adjuown-us
T46.sector. Uadjustmincome explicitrelating
Fi47.there is when peprovisiothe scopvaluatio
1.4
T48.into fouresearch
General
1. M
2. V
Househ
3. C
4. R
5. E
nnex of Chaation of houand estimatstment is ree productio
he Guide deUsing infor
ments, recogin-kind, to
tly recommeg to income
inally, the Gstill no satieople do moon of servicpe of this Gon of volunt
4.1 Summ
his section ur themes: Gh recommen
l measurem
Measuring omeasuring tapproach.
Valuing ownlabour comgeneralist
hold satellite
Constructinconstructintraditional scomponent
Reallocatinghousehold reallocatingconsumptiorequired to
Estimating cfixed capitacapital usingovernmen
apter 4 as a usehold capte a return oequired for tn work of s
escribes thermation alregnising the c
arrive at anended, couninequalities
Guide recomisfactory meore than one
ces for otherGuide. A furt
teering serv
maryofr
provides a bGeneral meandations.
ment recomm
own-use prthe volume
n-use produmponent of o
approach s
e account re
ng a simplifg a simplifisupply and t of own-use
g final conscapital – U
g elements oon and housenable the
capital serval using the ng a selectednt bonds.
guide. Furtpital, followon the capitathe existing services.
e derivation eady existingconsumptionn adjusted vntries can uss and povert
mmends a nethod for dee activity atr householdther guidan
vices.
recomme
brief summasurement, h
mendations
roduction wof own-use
uction worown-use proselecting an
ecommenda
fied househied househouse framew
e production
sumption exUsing the tabof final consehold capitproduction
vices – Thisperpetual in
d interest ra
20
thermore, coing a straighal using thetaxes and b
of a full seg in nationan of own-us
value for house this inforty.
number of arealing with t the same ti
ds entails a nce documen
endations
mary of all thhousehold s
work of serve production
k of serviceoduction won appropriate
ations
hold satellitold satellite work by justn work of se
xpenditureble in Annesumption extal. This reflof own-use
s Guide reconventory m
ate – the Gu
ountries neeht-line depr interest ratbenefits rela
quence of aal accounts, se productiousehold disprmation to a
reas for furtthe issue ofime. Secondnumber of mnt could add
s
he Guide’s rsatellite acc
vices – Then work of se
es – The Guork or service gross wag
e account –account as
t adding infoervices.
e to intermeex 4.1, the Gxpenditure tlects the bune production
ommends mmethod, and
ide suggest
ed to accounreciation pete on debt seated to the d
accounts forthis involv
on work of sposable inc
analyse a nu
ther researchf simultaneodly, volunte
measuremendress the me
recommendount, report
e Guide recoervices usin
uide recommces using thge (i.e. befo
– The Guidea first stageormation on
ediate consGuide recomtowards intendle of goo
n work of se
measuring thestimating tthe interest
nt for the rpetual inveecurities. Fidirect provis
r the househves a series oservices as ome. While
umber of iss
h work. Firous activitieeering, that nt challengeeasurement
dations grouting, and fu
ommends ng the input
mends valuihe replacemore-tax) rat
e recommene. This addsn the labour
sumption anmmends ermediate
ods and servervices.
he consumpthe return ot rate for
entory inally, sion of
hold of an
e not sues
stly, es – is, the
es out of and
uped urther
t
ing the ment te.
nds to the
r
nd
vices
tion of on
21
6. Reconciling for taxes and subsidies – The Guide recommends estimating the value of taxes and subsidies involved in the direct provision of own-use production work of services.
7. Estimating gross value added and value of output – The Guide recommends estimating the value of gross value added and output as:
8. Constructing a household satellite account with extended production boundary – The Guide recommends using all the variables estimated above to construct a household satellite account with extended production boundary.
Reporting own-use production work of services
9. Age bands – The Guide recommends that measures of own-use production work of services should at least cover the population aged 15 and over. However, countries can measure and report at lower age thresholds depending on national priorities, as long as the age group “15 and over” is clearly identifiable to enable international comparison.
10. Periodicity – The Guide recommends that countries aim to measure and report own-use production work of services every 5 years, and to ensure international consistency, in years ending in 0 and 5.
11. Breakdown – The Guide recommends that countries report estimates of own-use production work of services by sex, age, and household composition.
Further research
12. Simultaneous activities – The Guide recommends applying more research to the issue of simultaneous activities to ensure consistent treatment.
13. Volunteering – The Guide recommends producing a separate guidance document for the measurement of volunteering activities.
Anneunpa
In49.househomemberAustralHungarPortugaSwedenKingdo
T50.measurigood pr
In51.widely preferabembark
Fr52.sequenc
ex1.1:Uaidhous
n April 2015old service r countries. ia, Austria,
ry, Israel, Jaal, Republicn, Switzerlaom, and Uni
he survey ping unpaid hractices and
17 countrArmenia,Zealand, Yugoslav
The folloon regulaNorway, Republic
The frequ
Most cou
87% of c
n terms of mused approable. The ana
k on measuri
rom the respce of househ
UNECEsuseholds
5, based on work, UNEResponses Belarus, Br
apan, Latviac of Moldovand, The forited States.
provided a chousehold s
d in develop
ries compile, Australia, Norway, R
v Republic o
owing 11 coar basics: AuRussian Fe
c of Macedo
uency of me
untries opt f
countries use
methodologiach was thealysis showing monetar
ponded couhold satellit
urveyonervicew
a questionnECE conduc
were receivrazil, Canada, Lithuaniava, Romaniamer Yugosl
comprehensservice working recomm
e estimates Canada, Co
Russian Fedeof Macedon
ountries declustralia, Co
ederation, Sponia.
easurement
for a mix of
ed a time-us
ies used by e input appro
wed that mosry values.
untries only te accounts.
22
nnationwork
naire designcted a surveyved from thda, Colombi, Mexico, M
a, Russian Flav Republi
ive overviek and was c
mendations.
of the valueolombia, Fineration, Spania, United K
lared measuolombia, Finpain, Switze
varied wide
f monetary a
se survey;
the countrieoach, there st countries
Finland, Sp
nalprac
ned by the Ty on nationa
he followingia, Croatia,
MontenegroFederation, Sic of Maced
w of countrconsidered aThe key fin
e of unpaid nland, Hungain, SwedenKingdom, a
uring the vanland, Hungerland, and
ely across c
and physica
es, it was nowas no singfirst measu
pain, and Un
cticeson
Task Force oal practices
g 33 countriCzechia, Fi, New ZealaSerbia, Sou
donia, Turke
ries’ activitia useful stepndings are t
household gary, Japan
n, Switzerlanand United S
alue of unpagary, Mexicthe former
countries;
al values;
oted that altgle approach
ure physical
nited States
nvaluin
on valuing uamong the
ies: Armeniinland, Geoand, Norwa
uth Africa, Sey, United
ies and planp in identifythe followin
service wor, Mexico, Nnd, the formStates.
aid househoco, New Zea
Yugoslav
though the mh that was sunits, and t
s construct a
ng
unpaid CES a,
orgia, ay, Spain,
ns in ying ng :
rk: New mer
ld work aland,
most seen as then
a full
Chap
2.1 In
T53.work. Twithin tproductunpaid
T54.activitiealternatsome ar
2.2 Sb
T55.include servicesshould b
E56.2008 SNbetweenterms, tcombinservicescontrastparticulgoods wwith theservicespart of nreluctanexpendiis explathese acestimateaccount
O57.recognithus notoveresti
pter2
ntroduc
his chapter The chapter the broad frtion boundawork.
his conceptes that definte valuation reas.
SNAprodboundar
he central fthe service
s is establishbe accounte
conomic acNA forms an the generathe general pnation of labs under the t, the restriclarly in relatwithin housee exception s by employnon-marketnce of natioitures assoc
ained by a cctivities fromes of their vts for policy
One of the mition of servt adding to imated in ti
Conce
ction
articulates begins by o
ramework oary, and it fo
tual framewne househol
methods an
ductionry
framework oes produced hed in the Sed for in the
ctivities, aloa kind of domal productioproduction
bour, capitalcontrol of a
cted producttion to unpaeholds is inof owner-o
ying paid dot services pronal accounciated with tombinationm markets, values, and y purposes a
more fundamvices providoutput, valumes of an in
eptsan
the conceptoutlining hof the SNA c
ormulates th
work revolvelds’ unpaid nd the neces
nbounda
of the 2008 by househo
SNA produce compilatio
ong with themain of def
on boundaryboundary cl, and goodsa well-defintion boundaaid activitiecluded in th
occupied hoomestic stafroduced wit
ntants to impthe product
n of factors, the extremethe adverseand the ana
mental criticded within hue added anncreasing p
23
ndDefin
tual framewow the conccore accounhe suite of c
es around thwork, laboussary cavea
aryand
System of Nold for own ction boundon of nation
eir related gofinition. They and the rescovers produs and servic
ned institutioary prescribs within hou
he 2008 SNAusing and thff. The mainthin househopute values fion and connamely the
e difficulty oe effects it walysis of mar
cisms faced households and GDP. Coparticipation
nitions
work underlyept of unpa
nts, how it cconcepts tha
he so-called ur input and
ats due to the
genera
National Acconsumptio
dary, defininnal accounts
oods and see 2008 SNAstricted production activces to produonal unit tha
bes a more ruseholds (§A, the prodhe production reasons foolds are sumfor the outp
nsumption ofe relative isoof making ec
would have orkets and m
by the SNAas being par
onsequently,n in the labo
s
ying unpaidid househol
contrasts witat structure h
third party d its related e absence o
alprodu
ccounts (20on. The exc
ng which pros.
ervices, covA makes theduction bou
vities which uce outputs oat uses inpuestrictive bo
§6.26). Whilduction of seon of dome
or the exclusmmarised inputs, incomeof services wolation and conomicallyon the usefu
market diseq
A concerns trt of the pro, GDP grow
our market, w
d household ld service wth the underhouseholds
criterion, thconcepts, th
of consensus
uction
008 SNA) doclusion of thoductive ac
ered under e distinctionundary. In gentails the
of goods or uts (§6.24). oundary, le the produervices is exestic and persion of the mn § 6.30: “…es and within houseindependeny meaningfuulness of theuilibria.”
the above noduction bouwth may be which often
service work fits rlying ’
he set of he s in
oes not hese ctivities
the n generic
In
uction of xcluded rsonal main
…, the
eholds nce of ful e
on-undary,
n
coincidrelevant
T58.Social Pand Fito“Broadmany ofpurchasnationamerely househomeasurStiglitz-Instead,as satel
2.3 D
In59.it is necdiscussiconceptunpaid of the st
T60.Resolutlabour u
Fo61.standardoutside is particservice measure
T62.agreed athe presactivitie
es with a sut services o
he Report bProgress, moussi, 2009)den income mf the servicesed on the m
al accounts areflects a sholds produc
res, yet they -Sen-Fitous, it suggestsllites to the
Defining
n the contexcessary to ming the sourtual underpihousehold statistics.
he 19th ICLtion I of theunderutiliza
or decades, ds establishthe SNA pr
cularly relevwork was ned.
o address that the 19th Isent chapteres, which ar
A definitincludingproductioA framewintended characterdefined a
ubstitution on the marke
by the Commmore commo
), also acknmeasures toes people remarket. Thisand may givhift from noce for themsconstitute a
ssi Report ds to compilecore nation
gown‐us
xt of the inpmeasure the rce data, whinnings of thservice wor
LS establishee Conferenceation).
statistics onhed at the 13roduction bvant to the snot identifie
he limitationCLS. This r
r, and varioure left to Ch
ion for the cg those outson boundarywork that didestination
ristics of theas work for p
of own-use pet.
mission on only referrednowledges tho non-markeeceived froms shift transve a false im
on-market toselves are noan importan
does not prope “comprehnal accounts
seprod
ut valuationtime spent i
hich are the he concept
rk activities
es the releve (Resolutio
n the measu3th ICLS in oundary busubject matted within th
ns that existresolution pus measurem
hapter 3. Am
concept of wide the SNAy. istinguishes
n of the prode work. Witpay or profi
24
production
the Measurd to as the Shis point of et activitiesm other famlates into a
mpression ofo market proot recognizent aspect of pose to chaensive and ps”, to comp
uctionw
n approach in providingfocus of Chof work to and, by ext
ant framewon concerni
urement of t1982. The f
ut within theter of this ree framewor
t in the 1982placed the emment issues
mong the ke
work, whichA productio
between diduction (owthin this framfit. Figure 2.
work of ser
rement of EcStiglitz-Sen-f critique, ass”, using the
mily memberrise in inco
of a change ovision of sed in officia
f economic aange the cenperiodic aclement the p
workof
of own-use g those servhapter 3, it iestablish a ctension, aid
work. The fraing statistics
the labour fframework de general proeport as it mrk and, there
2 framewormphasis on of relevanc
ey changes a
h covers allon boundary
ifferent formn use or usemework, em.1 outlines t
rvices towar
conomic Pe-Fitoussi Res part of recoe following rs in the pasome as measin living staervices. Ma
al income anactivity”. Hntral framewccounts of hopicture.
f service
productionvices. Howeis importantconsistent sin ensuring
amework iss of work, e
force have bdid not incloduction bo
meant unpaiefore, frequ
rk, a new ren concepts thce to the meagreed were
l productivey but within
ms of work e by others)mployment ithis framew
rds purchas
erformance eport (Stigliommendatirationale: “
st are now sured in theandards, whany servicesnd productiowever, the
work of the Sousehold ac
es
n work of seever, before t to establisscope for thg the compa
outlined inemployment
been guidedlude forms ooundary. Thd household
uently not
esolution wahat are the feasurement e:
e activities the Genera
ranging fro) to other is more narr
work.
ing the
and itz, Sen on 5:
“… for
e hile it s that ion e SNA. ctivity
ervices,
h the e
arability
n and
d by of work his gap d
as focus of of work
al
om the
rowly
Fi63.align wown-us
Figure 2Forms
Intendedtion of pr
Forms of
Relation
2008 SNA
Source: Istat/docu
A64.measurework’ (framew
“O65.the framhousehofamily muse’. Thmember
T66.activityrefers to
Employmand unemdefined to
igure 2.1 beith the SNAe productio
2.1 of work fra
d destina-roduction
f work
to
A
ILO (2013). Auments/normat
Aligning the ement of a cthe subject
work namely
Own-use prmework as aold servicesmembers. Ahe standardsrs living in
he standardy to provide o work perf
ment (as nowmployment. o suppleme
elow shows A and Genern work of s
amework a
for own
final use
Own-use production
work
of
ser-vices
of
good
Available fromtiveinstrumen
definitions consistent sof this guid
y “own-use p
roduction wactivity to ps ranging froAn importans clarify thiother house
ds define “Vservices for
formed:
w defined) rHowever, a
ent statistics
how the diral Productiservices, the
and relation
n
Emplo
(work fopro
f
ds
Activitie(r
Activities
m http://www.int/wcms_2303
used in thisscope of actde) can coveproduction
work of serviprovide servom cookingnt element os as coverineholds, cons
Volunteer wor others. In
25
remains the additional la on unempl
fferent workion Boundare box highli
nship to SN
oyment
or pay or ofit)
Ut
es within the(restricted p
inside the G(general pr
ilo.org/wcmsp04.pdf
s Guide to tivities. Theer two of thework of ser
ices” (or owvices for owg and cleaniof the defining activitiessume the pr
ork of servithe case of
reference pabour underloyment.
k activities ry. The Guighted in gre
NA, 2008
for
by o
Unpaid rainee work
O
wotiv
e SNA prodproduction b
General proroduction bo
p5/groups/pub
the forms oforetically ‘ue forms of wrvices” and
wn use provn final use. ng to childcition relates s where houroduced serv
ices” as anyvolunteer w
point for labrutilization
identified inide focuses een.
r use
others
Other
ork ac-vities*
in ma
nma
u
duction bounboundary)
oduction booundary)
blic/---dgrepor
f work framunpaid houswork identif“volunteer
ision of servThis cover
care or carinto the mean
usehold memvices.
y unpaid, nowork produc
bour force sindicators a
n the frameon measuri
Volunteer
market and
non-arket
units
in ho
pro
good
ndary
undary
rts/---
mework allowsehold servified in the work of ser
vices) is des a wide ranng for elderning of ‘ow
mbers, or fa
on-compulsoction “for ot
tatistics are
ework ing
work
ouseholds
oducing
ds ser-
vices
ws the ice
rvices”.
fined in nge of rly
wn final mily
ory thers”
a
b
T67.servicesconsideproductmember
T68.additionrecipienown use
T69.mean thpoint ofof own-coveredGuide wnonetheForce cbenefit
In70.the mea
T71.with mafrom dihousehoactivitie
A72.third pacombinhousehothe marchangin
T73.recordeproduct
a) through,organizacommun
b) for housfamily m
hese two fos in questioner cooking mtion work ofr in another
herefore, inn to identifynt(s) must be provision
he distinctiohat they mayf view. The -use producd by any estwill allow theless, much onsiders thafrom future
n addition toasurement o
Populatioof work. Age limitand the pmeasuredand ensurcomparab
he design oany others) fferent sourold surveyses in more d
An importanarty criterionnation of ecoold service rket, but whng their utili
his so-calleed as work otive and non
, or for orgaation based nity-based gseholds othemembers (i.
orms of worn identifies
meals and brf services, wr household
n measuringying the typbe clearly de
of services
ons betweeny require altdevelopme
ction work otimates shouhe developmof the guid
at measureme work to pr
o defining thof work activ
on coverage
ts – differenparticular pod). Howeverre that this ability.
of any surveinto accoun
rces. It is ge. Chapter 3 detail.
t element on. Hawrylysonomic theowork as “th
hich could bity to the m
ed third partor just leisurn-productive
anizations cvolunteerin
groups of wer than the he. direct vol
rk can involthe boundaringing themwhile doingis voluntee
g unpaid houe of activity
elineated in and volunt
n own-use pternative ap
ent of this guof services. uld be transpment of estimdance will alment and varovide speci
he conceptsvities. Thes
e – recomme
nt age limitsolicy needs r, data shouage group is
ey used to cont. They wilenerally expand Chapte
f the definitshyn (1977)ory guidanchose econome produced embers of t
ty criterion ire. At the coe unpaid ho
26
comprising mng) includin
which the vohousehold olunteering)
ve very simary betweenm to an elde
g the same aer work.
usehold servy and the timorder to alleer work.
production wpproaches buide has focIt is very imparent, usinmates of owlso be of relaluation of vific guidanc
s, the resoluse include:
ended as us
s will be rel(e.g., if the
uld at least cs clearly ide
ollect statistll be particupected that mer 5 discuss
tion of work) describes t
ce and commmic services
by a third pthe househo
is central toore of this dousehold ser
market and ng through olunteer is a
of the volun
milar activitin them. As aerly relative
activity but f
vice work itme involvedlow the activ
work of seroth from a mcused on themportant thang appropriawn-use prodlevance for volunteer wce. Chapter
ution covers
sual resident
levant depenworking ac
cover the poentifiable to
tics of workularly relevameasurementhe issue of
k from the 1this in a for
mon sense. Hs produced iperson hired
old”.
o the assessmdistinction isrvice work.
non-marketor for self-hmember teer worker
ies and, the an illustratioe at their hofor the bene
t is recommd, the naturevities to be
rvices and vmeasuremee measuremat the scopeate methodsduction work
volunteer wwork is a sub
8 discusses
various iss
ts for the pu
nding on thctivities of copulation ago ensure inte
k must take ant in compnt will be unf measurem
19th ICLS isrm that appeHawrylyshyin the housed on the ma
ment of whes the differeUnder this
t units (i.e. elp, mutual
r or of relate
recipient ofon, the definme as own-
efit of a non
mended that e of the inteseparated b
volunteer woent and valument and val
of activities. Followingk of service
work. The Tbject that wo this further
sues of relev
urpose of sta
e country cochildren neeged 15 and oernational
these issuesaring statistndertaken th
ment of work
s the concepeals for its yn regards uehold and ouarket withou
ether servicence betweeview, an ac
aid or
ed
f the nitions -use n-family
in ended between
ork ation luation es g this es; Task ould r.
vance to
atistics
ontext ed to be over,
s (along tics hrough k
pt of the
unpaid utside
ut
ces are en ctivity is
productactivitiehousehothis crithousehobenefit of goodunpaid to be maccount
T74.househohired togroomin
O75.personaconside
A76.some exand selfcriterionwith ch
T77.SNA. Usharing consumhousehoFurtherthe SNAasylums
2.4 W
M78.own-ustogetherexistingrecommacross ioperatiodelineatto the mwhich stheir owthat meenviron
tive only to es such as cold manageterion, whicold service only the pe
ds (clothing,work and fo
measured, owts.
he Guide emold service
o perform thng and prov
Overall, actival care and aered to be ou
Although actxceptions stf-administern are exclud
hildren) are i
he definitioUsing this de
the same hming certain old labourer, all househA, the defins, convents,
Whatact
Many internae productior this Guide
g national prmended activinternationaonal guidantion of norm
market. Memstrives to mewn national asures of ow
nment such a
the extent tleaning, hou
ement, provich make thework. In co
erson doing , hunting, fior own cons
wing to the f
mphasises twork shoul
he activitiesviding thera
vities that dactivities thautside the sc
tivities covetill exist. Fored personaded, while oincluded.
on of a housefinition, th
house, poolintypes of go
rs (e.g. nannholds residinnition of hou, prisons, et
tivitiess
ational instin work of se compiled aractices. Tavities. Whil
al practices, nce for data mal own-usembers of theeet internatiprogram. Swn-use prodas the offlo
that it can buse mainteniding help tom in scope
ontrast, activit such as w
ishing, collesumption pufact that the
that househod be measu. However,
apies are exc
do not involvat another pcope of wor
ered by the or example, al care) despothers that c
sehold withihe householdng all or par
oods and sernies, chefs, ng in the natusehold doetc.
shouldb
itutions havservices. In an inventor
able 4.1 tranle this set ofcountries scollection. e productione internationional guidelimilarly, thduction worad of some
27
e delegatednance, laundo other houfor the mea
vities that dwatching a mection of firurpose, is ney are alread
olds may beured in singl
the single-pcluded.
ve producinperson cannrk as define
concept of usome produ
pite the fact can be view
in this guidad is a grouprt of their inrvices (mainetc.) living tional territo
es not includ
beinclu
e detailed thaddition, th
ry of activitinslates the ref activities rhould not vCultural difn work of snal communlines all the
he approach rk of servicemarket acti
d to another dry and foo
useholds andasurement ao not lend t
movie are exrewood), evot consideredy accounte
e of any sizele-persons hperson hour
ng services, not perform ed in the stan
unpaid woructive activthat they co
wed as leisur
ance is genep of people –ncome and anly housingwithin in a
ory are inclde people liv
uded?
he activitieshe Task Forcies consideresults of therepresents th
view this listfferences mervice activnity should e while refle
must be fores keep up wivities to ow
person. Fortwear care,
d volunteer and valuatiothemselves txcluded. Simen though ced to be pared for as par
e and therefhouseholds irs dedicated
such as selon one’s owndards from
k are adequvities (e.g., eomply with re (e.g., gard
erally consi– or a persoassets, and and food).
a household luded. Howeving togeth
s that they cce in chargered under these efforts ihe commont as exhaust
may lead to avities that coadopt a flex
ecting the lorward lookiwith the cha
wn-use prod
r example, shopping awork comp
on of unpaidto exchangemilarly, thecarried out wrt of the actirt of the SN
fore unpaid if someone
d to self-care
f-administewn behalf arm the 19th IC
uately delineeducating onthe third pe
dening, play
stent with thon living alocollectivelyHowever, are excludeever, in coner in hospit
consider pare of putting he wide rangnto the set o
n denominattive or as a variance inould be contxible approaocal peculiaring to guaraanging
duction work
and ply with d e and output with ivities
NA core
can be e health
ered re
CLS.
eated, neself erson ying
he one - y
ed. ntrast to tals,
rt of
ge of of tor
n the tracted ach, rities in
antee
k of
servicesclassificreferenc
2.5
2.5
O79.of serviserviceseconomfor infeinput vabrief ovacknowmethod
T80.consumdeprecibelow.
Output-
Input-b
2.5
A81.to laboutaxes anmarket equival
s activities (cations on tce point in d
Valuing
5.1 Intro
One of the mices activities. Given tha
mist statisticrring the vaaluation appverview of b
wledge that bdologies.
he output anmption, taxes
ation), and
-based meth
ased metho
5.2 Thei
As defined bur inputs dirnd intermedhousehold pent price us
(e.g., self-setime-use, asdesigning d
gown‐us
duction
most importaes within that directly oians have to
alue of own-proach and tboth methodboth method
nd input apps less subsid(net) operat
hod
d
nputvalu
y Chadeau rectly. Fixed
diate consumproduction”sing a type o
erve gas sta discussed f
data collectio
seprod
ant issues tohe productioobservable mo impute a p-use producthe output vds, Chapter ds could rei
proaches badies on prodting surplus
uationap
(1992) “thed capital co
mption are t”. Under thiof costs-bas
28
ations, bankifurther in Con and disse
uctionw
o consider won boundarymarket priceprice from oction work ovaluation ap3 discusses
inforce each
asically use duction, cons. The calcu
pproach
e input appronsumption,then added tis approach,sed approach
ing and othChapter 3 an
emination p
workof
when includy concerns tes for these otherwise obof services approach. Whs them moreh other, by c
the same elnsumption oulation for ea
roach consis, Gross Opeto obtain an, the goal ish to the valu
er online send Chapter 5programmes
f service
ding own-usthe valuationservices arebservable dare commonhile this sece in detail. Hcomparing t
lements – inof fixed capach approac
sts of imputerating Surpn estimate fo to arrive atuation of th
ervices). Exi5, are an imps.
es
e production of the relee not availabata. Two mnly utilized:ction providHere, one shthe results o
ntermediatepital (or ch is presen
ting a moneyplus, net indor the valuet a market-
he relevant s
isting portant
on work evant ble,
methods : the
des a hould of both
e
nted
y value direct
of
services,
where tOften nexpendimethodcost-basprobleminput, ncompen
T82.work ofmateriause of rintermeprocess
Fu83.generalwork ocservicesengageduse prodcost as theoretilong as extendsof returgross wand an eadditionrather th
O84.kitchen capital instead expense
T85.use prodto estimChapter
2.5
In86.servicesoutput iFor exathe totacalculatthen nee
the value of non-labour iiture on goo
dology to gosed method
matic, the mno actual paynsation of em
he Guide ref services in
als. Implemerespondentsediate consus.
urthermore,ist approachccupations as activities. d in similar duction wora way of vaical findingsthe purpose
s this analysrn is the corr
wages (i.e. bestimate of ns to wageshan making
Own-use proappliances
services thaof using nu
es, treated a
he Guide reduction wor
mate GOS isr 3.
5.3 Theo
n this appros activities iis then calcuample, if a fal output eqution themseeds adjusted
f output equnputs are igods and servovernment sdology in themain reason b
yments are mployees.
ecommendsn view of thentation of t, the use of
umption of g
, the Guide h (RC-G) wand applyinThis valuatactivities inrk of servic
aluing labous lent “suppe is measurisis to an envrect imputatefore-tax) aemployers’ is that hous
g such produ
oduction woor transpor
at can be derumbers on thas current ex
ecommendsrk of servic
s the so-call
outputva
ach, the valis set equal ulated by thfactory makeuals £3 millelves and repd for the ch
als the sumgnored, as thvices in GDservices whee case of owbeing that finvolved. T
s making usehe availabilitthe input va
f household goods and s
recommendwhich consisng them to thtion methodn the markees. Schreye
ur input intoport to givining the valuvironment wtion for cap
and includes’ social secuseholds payucts themse
ork of servicrt equipmenrived from he annual pxpenditures
s that gross oes. Moreoved capital s
aluationa
lue of servicto the price
he number oes one millilion. For maport the totaanges in the
29
m labour, caphese inputs
DP. Howeveere actual sawn-use prodfor the mainTherefore, o
e of the inputy of informaluation appequipment
services use
ds that valusts of takinghe hours sp
d uses hourlet sector to ver and Diewo own-use png preferencue of househwith capital pital services fringe benurity contriby for these slves.
ces requires nt. It is then using the caurchases”. Tin the core
operating suver, the Guidervices met
approach
ces producee paid for simof units prodion toy carsarket serviceal monetarye value of in
pital and intare alreadyr, different alaries and wduction workn part of the one needs to
ut method tmation on thproach requiand associad by househ
ation be basg market waent doing oly earnings ovalue the am
wart (2014) aproduction wce to a replahold producdurables ans. Replacem
nefits (such butions. Theupplements
various con“preferable
apital goodsThese housSNA accou
urplus (GOSde recommethodology o
h
ed by own-umilar servicduced timess in a year anes, business
y value of thnventories o
termediate gy counted as
from applywages are pk of servicecosts invol
o impute a v
to valuing ohe labour, caires informaated capital holds in the
sed on the rage rates frown-use proof individua
mount of timalso argue fwork of servacement- coction”. Bridgnd show thament costs sas sick leave rationale bs if they buy
nsumer durae to estimates over their eholds’ conunts, are cap
S) be includends that theoutlined in m
use productices traded os the relevannd sells themses would nhe turnover dof finished p
goods and ss personal ing this
paid, the usees is more lved, i.e. labvalue for
own-use proapital and oation about flows, and t
e production
replacementom similar pduction woals who are
me spent on for a replacevices. Their st valuationgman (2016
at the financhould be ba
ve, paid vacabehind the y market sub
ables, such e a value of entire servi
nsumer durapitalized.
ded to valuee best methmore detail
ion work ofon the markent market prm for £3 ea
normally do directly (whproducts).
ervices.
e of the
bour
oduction ther time the
n
t cost paid rk of
own-ement
n, as 6a) cial rate ased on ations),
bstitutes
as f the ice life, ables
e own-odology in
f et. The rices. ach then
this hich is
T87.of servichallengproducework ofFurthermis not eqfrom thand the product
W88.productrequiredtechniqutrianguluse prod
In89.valuatioown-usmarket values w
H90.own-ushours itproduct2002). Iknown potentiaestimateof own-approac
he applicatiices looks siging; there ed. It may bf services. Imore, the sequivalent to
he services pgreater ava
tion work of
With the chation work ofd to limit thue relies onlated with thduction wor
n absence ofons, the outpe productioequivalent without hav
However, if te productiot is not posstion work ofIn addition, about the pal policy appes produced-use producch.
ion of the ouimple and sis very limi
be feasible tot may be mervices willo cooking mprovided byailability of f services u
allenges invof services it
he impact ofn different dhe input valrk of servic
f a time-useput valuation work of sservices, an
ving to estim
the output vn work of s
sible to calcuf services (o because theerson produplication of
d in parallelction work o
utput valuatstraightforwited data on o find suitabore probleml not be truly
meals at homy a nanny or
time-use dausing the inp
olved with dt is likely thf methodolodata sourcesluation teches.
e survey, theon techniqueservices. It cnd representmate a range
valuation is services undulate the proutput per he output meucing own-uf any resultsl could offerof services.
30
tion techniqward in theor
the volumeble equivale
matic to adjuy similar, in
me. Taking cr childcare. Iata, that the put approach
developing hat establishogical/data d to the inpu
hnique to im
e primary de representscan be timelt an effective of individu
used in isoldertaken is loductivity l
hour workedethod createuse productis. The combr interestingThe Guide
que in valuinry, but in pre of own-usent market pust for diffen the sense tcare of one’It is with thGuide reco
h.
estimates ohed methodsdriven bias.ut valuation mprove the a
data source fs a good altely to produc
ve method oual compon
lation, any ulost and withlevels assocd or output pes a ‘catch aion work ofbination of ig insights inencourages
ng own-useractice it shoe productioprices for o
erences in quthat having ’s own child
hese consideommends m
of the value s of quality Where the technique,
accuracy of
for producinernative appce, highly cof capturing nents.
understandihout a recor
ciated with oper worker)
all’ valuatiof services, liinput and ounto the diviss more coun
e productionows to be q
on work of swn-use prouality. a dinner ou
dren is diffeerations in m
measuring ow
of own-useassurance woutput valuit may thenvaluations o
ng input tecproach for vomparable wmarket equ
ing of the hord of the woown-use ) (See Hollon of output,imiting the utput-basedsion of macrntries to ado
n work uite
services duction
utdoors erent mind, wn-use
e will be uation be of own-
hnique valuing with
uivalent
ours of orking
oway, , little is
d ro totals pt this
Anne
Fo91.measurea numb
A92.productlabour ithis bastherefor
W93.over a lover thewere:
T94.use prodthe cove
T95.underut
T96.but withmatter oand, the
ex2.1:B
or decades, ement of laber of key co
Economiproductiospecifiedand unemPersons Unemploavailable
A key featuretion boundainput to prosis (i.e. empre, be usabl
While these slong period,e years for a
he concept duction worerage of the
he concept tilization.
he framewohin the geneof this reporerefore, wer
Backgrou
standards ebour force. oncepts incl
ically Activon of economd time-referemployed perin Employmoyed person for work.
e of the 198ary and empduction. In loyment) we as a denom
standards pr, various dean update to
of employmrk of service statistics.
of unemplo
ork did not ieral productrt as it the frre not freque
undtoR
established Of particul
luding:
ve Persons:mic goods aence periodrsons. ment: Peopns: People w
82 framewoployment, w
theory, thiswould corres
minator in p
rovided a bficiencies a
o the framew
ment was toes. This cre
oyment was
include formtion boundaframework dently measu
31
Resoluti
at the 13th Iar note is th
: all personsand services. It can be b
ple at work who were n
rk is that it whereby emps created thespond to outproductivity
asis for conarose againswork. Amon
oo wide giveeated a mism
too narrow
ms of work ary. This gapdid not idenured.
ionIoft
ICLS in 198hat these sta
s who furniss as defined
broken down
or; not at wnot in emplo
created a diployment we benefit thatput measury measurem
nsistent meast user needsng the most
en the inclumatch betwe
w to account
outside thep is particul
ntify own-us
the19th
82 have guidandards incl
sh the suppld in the SNAn into perso
work but withoyment and
irect link bewas all activiat labour inpred using th
ment etc.
asurement os, which ledt important
sion of varieen policym
t for all form
SNA prodularly relevanse productio
hICLS
ded statisticluded defini
ly of labourA during a ons in emplo
h a job or bwere seekin
etween the Sity that provput measure
he SNA and
of economicd to increasiissues arisin
ious forms omakers need
ms of labour
uction bounnt to the subon work of s
cs on the itions of
r for the
oyment
business ng and
SNA vided ed on ,
c activity ing calls ng
of own-ds and
r
ndary bject services
Chap
3.1 In
T97.of own-own-us
a) b) c)
d)
T98.
3.2 D
T99.measurework ofproduceEurostause survin placestrongly
M100.undertamethodrelativethe UNEprovideconsidediary aplighter sindicatovaluatiothat req
Fu101.supplemvarious testing aThe focdifferen
pter3
ntroduc
he present c-use produce productio
The primarThe classifiThe imputareplacemenThe imputasubsidies, i
he chapter c
Dataand
he Time Use own-use pf services). ed by Uniteat (2009). Thveys containe for the mey encourage
Much of the ake a one ofdologies coue cost and coECE Guide
e a time serieration, is anpproach comset of data wors on time on of own-uquires the pr
urther reseament for esti
internationalternative a
cus of such wnt approache
Metho
ction
chapter dealction work on work of s
ry source dafication of acation of the nt cost approation of the ntermediate
comprises a
dcovera
se Survey (Tproduction wThe reasonsd Nations Shis Guide dned in those
easurement oed to set this
guidance avff data colleculd be used iomplexity oelines (2013ies of data on infrequentmbined withwill not provspent on dif
use productiroduction of
arch is requiimates from
nal agenciesapproaches work wouldes which co
odolog
ls with the mof service. Tservice is str
ata and the tctivities value of owoach (RC) estimates foe consumpti
an annex of
age
TUS) is the work of servs for this ar
Statistics Didoes not repee documentof time spens program in
vailable focction. Howein househol
of completin) briefly dis
on time-use.t full TUS (h another suvide for as rfferent activion work off a full TUS
ired on the m full time-u
including tto time-use
d be on asseould inform
32
gicalAp
methodologThe methodoructured alo
target popul
wn-use prod
or the non-lion)
f existing pra
widely regvices (laboue discussedvision (UNeat the detas. Thus, count on own-un motion.
cuses on ideever, it would surveys tng a dedicatscuss the id. One comb(perhaps eveurvey in betwrich analysivities. This f services anS.
suitability ouse surveysthe ILO ande data collecessing the refurther how
pproach
gy that leadsology under
ong four ma
lation
duction work
labour comp
actices of a
arded as theur time inpu
d and emphaSD) (UN, 2
ailed guidanuntries thatuse producti
entifying theuld be highlyo collect thited TUS. Boea of combiined approaery ten yearween (perhis of time, itwould be co
nd involve l
of light appr. At the tim
d UNSD arection includelative qualiw countries
hes
s to the estimrlying the e
ajor building
k of service
ponents (GO
sample of c
e best sourcuts to own-uasized in the2005), UNEnce on the co
do not haveion work of
e best methoy beneficialis informatioth the UN ining differach, which irs) complemaps every 5t will allow ompatible wower cost th
roaches as ame of writinge considerinding light diity and burdcan collect
mation of thstimation og blocks:
es based on t
OS, taxes le
countries.
ce of informuse productie guidance a
ECE (2013) ompletion oe an existingf services ar
odology to l if alternatiion due to thGuide (200ent approacis worthy of
mented by a years). Whfor updates
with the purhan an appr
a replacemeg of this guing developinary approacden of thesetime use da
he value f the
the
ess
mation to ion already and
of time-g TUS re
ive he
05) and ches to f light
hile the s of key rpose of roach
ent or ide, ng and ches. e ata, not
just on maintai
In102.range oneed to as Chap
W103.measuripopulatthreshonationaidentifiafollowinand memforeign prisons,
T104.relevanare sub-age of t
3.3
T105.use prov
abc
d
Fo106.presentecoverinagreed iStatistic
A107.(HETU2016.6 Tclassificneeds. C
6 Eurosta
a one off baining data qu
n addition tof other methbe carefully
pter 5 of this
When measuing and repotion aged 15ld, for examl adaptationable to enabng exclusiombers of thdefence for, hospitals).
he subdivisce, reliabili-national rethe younges
Classifi
he Resolutivision of se
a) househob) preparinc) cleaning
and othed) childcar
househo
or the purpoed in the res
ng activities internationacal Commis
Another clasUS) preparedThe UNECEcation of timChapter 5 p
at. 2009. Harm
asis but as auality.
o carefully shodologicaly consideres Guide pro
uring forms orting by ag5 and over. Nmple, if therns can be mable internatins for conc
heir househorces (and th.
sion of the pty (sample sidence, gen
st child.
cationo
ion I of the ervices as:
old accounting and/or seg, decoratinger goods, anre and instruold member
oses of datasolution is rperformed
al standard. ssion in Mar
sification avd by EurostaE Guidelineme use baseresents mor
monized Europ
a time-series
selecting anl choices (sued. UN Guidovide furthe
of work, thge group. ThNational pr
re is high naade as long ional compaeptual and o
olds who didheir dependa
population insize) and conder, family
ofactivit
19th ICLS h
ing and manerving mealsg and maint
nd gardeninguction, transs and dome
a collection,required. Evin the homeSuch a clasrch 2017.
vailable is tat, which is es (2013) ined on assessre detail on
pean time use
33
s in the mos
nd designinguch as collede (2005) anr detail on t
he Guide alighe ILO stre
riorities couational dema
as the age garisons. Theoperational d not qualifants); all per
nto groups omparabilityy status, num
tiestob
has identifie
nagement, ps, householdtaining one’g; sporting andestic animals
, a more detven though e and for onssification (
the Harmonsubject to r
nclude recomsments of ICthese classi
surveys: 2008
st efficient m
g the data coection modend the UNEthese issues
gns with ILess that data ld warrant aand for datagroup ‘15 ye target popreasons: fo
fy as nationarsons living
should be gy across timmber of chi
bemeas
ed the range
purchasing ad waste disp’s own dwe
d caring for s or pets, et
tailed classiseveral clas
neself, until (ICATUS 20
nized Europerevision witmmendationCATUS andifications.
8 Guidelines.
manner pos
ollection ine, weightingECE Guidelis.
LO recommeshould at le
applying a la on work byears and ovulation also
oreign diplomal residents;g in collectiv
guided by prme and spaceildren, labou
ured
e of activitie
and/or transposal and re
elling or pre
elderly, deptc.;
fication thassifications recently th
016) was en
ean Time Uth referencens for a broad HETUS, a
Luxembourg.
sible while
strument, a g methodoloines (2013)
endations abeast cover tlower age y children.
ver’ is clearlo entails thematic perso; members ove dwelling
rinciples sue. Possible gur force stat
es covered b
sporting gooecycling; mises, dura
pendent or
an the one are developere was no ndorsed by U
Use Survey e to ICATUSad activity and on polic
.
wide ogy etc.) , as well
bout the
Such ly
e onnel of gs (e.g.,
ch as groups tus, and
by own
ods;
ables
other
ped single UN
S
cy
V108.classificpilot stubreakdo
C109.represenservicesactivitie
T110.diary, thno furthactivitieactivitieburden.
In111.also necmemberis unpaias own
T112.classificservicesChapter
3.4
T113.servicesvaluatioindicatois recogand beinoutput mof hous
Various diffecations intoudies in follown of activ
planning cooking, washing, doing othshoppingdoing houdecoratinlooking aprovidingbecause o
Conclusions nts one posss. The ILO es as they co
he choice ohere is no pher amendmes cover thees. For styli
n addition tocessary to inr including id. Only unduse provisi
he remaindcations, is ths. As alreadr 5 discusse
Valuatioapproa
here are tws: the input on). The inpor of the volgnised as beng conceptumethod is deholds and
erent approa an activity low-up to thvities is bein
the househserving meironing, me
her housewog for the houusehold ma
ng, installingafter childreg care, help of an illness
on the easesible operatwill releaseontinue thei
of activity lire-defined a
ment is neede full day coized questio
o identifyinndicate the rthe single-pder the comon of servic
der of this chhe source o
dy noted thees these in fu
ontechnches
o methods fsummation
put approachlume of out
eing the bestually consis
difficult to imon prices o
aches have blist for data
he 19th ICLSng used thro
old financeeals, washinending clothork or yard usehold aintenance og fixtures oren 17 years
or assistancs, disability
e of reportintionalizatione further guiir work.
st is closelyactivity list
ded. For a ligomprehensivons, the list n
g the type orecipient ofperson hous
mbination ofces.
hapter assumf data to est
e design of aurther detai
niques─
for valuing n of inputs (ih, which cotput, is seent approach tstent with thmplement df goods and
34
been taken a collectionS. Within though stylize
s or paying ng dishes orhing or houwork, such
or repairs in r fittings or younger ce to adult por old age
ng using thisn of a list ofidance on th
y linked to tso the class
ght time-usevely but theneeds to be
of own-use pf the serviceseholds carrf these elem
mes that a titimate the va TUS involl.
─thein
economic oindirect valu
onsists in men as more reto estimatinhe valuationdue to the lad services of
in surveys tn. In 2015, thhese pilot stued questions
bills arranging f
usehold linenas cleaning
your dwell
who live inpersons who
s breakdownf activities whe measurem
the data collsification is e diary, the
e list should relatively s
production e (it must berying out the
ments is it po
ime-use survolume of owlves many m
nputand
outputs of ouation) andeasuring thealistic to im
ng own-use n of market pack of detailf similar typ
to convertinhe ILO comudies, the fos:
food supplien
g, weeding,
ling such as
n this househo live in thi
n are not yewithin own ment issues
lection apprused for corecommendinvolve no
short to ease
work of sere a househoe activity) a
ossible to cl
rvey, with thwn-use prodmethodolog
doutput
wn-use prod the output e volume of
mplement. Tproduction production.led informatpe and quali
ng these mmenced a sfollowing
es
cutting gras
painting,
hold s household
et available use provisisurroundin
roach. Withoding purpodation is tha more than e responden
rvices activild or family
and that the assify the a
he appropriaduction wor
gical choices
tvaluati
duction woevaluation
f inputs as aThe output a
work of ser. However, tion on the ity on the m
series of
ss
d
but it on of
ng these
h a full oses and at the 30
nt
ity, it is y activity
activity
ate rk of s.
ion
rk of (direct
an approach rvices the outputs
market.
3.4
T114.approac
T115.proceedhouseho(i.e. growhetheron ownbased ovalue ofmultiplisub-groof servi
Table 3Input-b
Calcula
*
*
= + - + + = + =
3.4.1
H116.servicesoccupat
4.1 Thei
he followinches to mea
To estimate d with a numold work reoups of femr they were
n-use producon the imputf own-use pied by the n
oup and sumices. Table 3
.1 based meth
ation Co
Tim
Wa
ImTax
Sub
CofixRe
GrIntcon Va
Imput1.1
Historically, s has been ttion, there a
nputapp
ng section busuring each
a reliable vmber of comcorded in thales and maemployed o
ction work oted wage raproduction wnumber of wmmed to pro3.1 provide
hod: conden
omponent
me
age
mputed comxes
bsidies
onsumption xed capital eturn to capi
ross value atermediate nsumption
alue of outp
tedcompen
one of the mthe lack of aare only a fe
proach
uilds upon ph of the com
value of ownmplementaryhe TUS willales classifieor if they haof services te is appliedwork of servweeks in a yovide annuals guidelines
nsed guidel
De
TarowactTimWarecand
mpensation
of Dehou
ital Th
added Rause
put (sum of
nsationfor
main challeavailable daew different
35
proposals omponents in
n-use produy steps. Firsl be consideed accordinave childrenactivities. S
d to the avevices. Third
year, appliedl estimates s on the inp
lines
efinition / d
rget Populawn-use produtivities me use dataage rate: e.gcommendedd generalist
for labour
ecline of durusehold serv
heoretical “p
aw materialsed for house
f costs)
rlabourin
enges with vata for waget occupation
outlined in sthe input ap
uction work st, average dered for eacng to their agn) to generaSecond, the rage weekly
d, these averd to the popof the valueut-based me
description
ation uction work
a g., national d: replacemet wage
input
rables used vice work
profit”
s, energy, eqehold servic
nput
valuing ownes. With wagns available
ection 2.5.1pproach.
of servicesdaily minuteh demograpge group, m
ate average waverage ho
y hours to arage amounulation in ee of own-usethod.
k of services
LFS ent cost
for
quipment etce work
n-use producges disaggre
e that may b
1 detailing v
, countries nes spent of phic sub-gro
marital statusweekly hou
ourly wage rarrive at the nts are then ach demogre productio
Detail
s, 3.2 2.3 and 3.2 and3.4.1.1
3.4.1.3
3.4.1.3
4.2.2.2
3.4.1.2
tc. 4.2.2.1annex
ction work egated by e used to pr
various
need to
oups s,
urs spent rate weekly
raphic on work
s in chapte
d 3.3
d 5 1
3 and 4.2.2.3
3 and 4.2.2.3
2 and annex
2 and 4.2.2.2
1, annex 4.14.2
of
rovide a
er
3
3
x 4.3
2
and
market can prohas allohistoric
W117.have acEmployincome (ASHE
T118.estimateliable toestimatestart wiconcernparticipearlier isources
3.4.1.1.
N119.marketeValuingwage rais a variwage rasubsequcompar
3.4.1.1.2
W120.anotherspent inservicesof servimonetar
T121.work ofcommorequire much hwho havthe assu
equivalent vide wage d
owed many cally possibl
Wage data foccess to admyment, Payr
statistics an) which tak
ime use sures of wageso some self-es of the vath the very
ns should nopant activityin this sectios.
1 Opportu
National accoed good or sg the labourate. While aiety of apprate has a siguent comparrisons. Curre
The oppoown-use The replaoccupatioservices.
2 Theopp
With this mer. The assumn the other. s is based onices, activitiry benefits
he use of anf service min criticism the same le
higher wage ve no equivumption tha
wage rate. Ndata for a wmore own-ule.
or most couministrative rolls and Hond the Unite
kes a 1% sam
rveys often s are most re-reporting b
alue of own-best quality
ot detract froy with limiteon, found ti
unitycosta
ounts guideservice or, ar componentactual hours roaches to cgnificant bearisons betwently the tw
ortunity costproduction
acement cosons and appThis is the
portunityco
ethod, paid mmption is thaThe opportun the premiies that coulare given up
n opportuniight be vastlof the oppo
evel of skill rate than th
valent markeat people can
Now there awide range o
use product
ntries is avadata on pay
ours (SEPH)ed Kingdommple of inco
collect wageliable. Self
bias and whe-use producy data sourcom the exceed error as sime diary ac
andreplace
elines recomas a second t of own-usworked canhoose fromaring on the
ween paid anwo main app
t method - twork.
st method -plying them
recommen
ostmethod
market workat time spenunity cost mise that wheld be done ip.
ty cost wagly different
ortunity costwhether the
he other. Anet wage. A n always ch
36
are far moreof occupatiotion work of
ailable fromy, for examp) which pro
m have the Aome tax reco
ge data; howf-reported sere changes
ction work oce available.ellent abilityshown by Juccuracy to c
ementcosta
mmend the ibest approa
se production be measur
m to value the valuation and own-use proaches tak
the person’s
using markto the hour
nded appro
k and unpaint in one secmethod to vaen an individinstead alon
ge also impldepending
t method. Pe individualn added comfurther wea
hoose wheth
e detailed daons. This evof services to
m their natiople, Canada ovides the prAnnual Survords.
wever, it is imurveys, incl
s in the leveof services o. However,y of 24-houuster and Stcompare fav
approaches
mputation aach, imputaton work of sred with som
hese hours. Tand, indeedproduction
ken include:
s actual emp
ket wage ratrs of own-usoach.
id householctor is seen aluing own-dual engageng with all a
ies that the on who is preparing mel is a labour
mplication aakness of theher to spend
ata sources olution of ao be valued
onal LFS. Ohave the m
rincipal inpvey of Hour
mportant toluding TUS
el of wages oover time, itthe same se
ur time diaritafford (199vourably to
s
at the price tion at the cservices reqme precisioThe choice
d, is the critiwork of ser
:
ployed wag
es from simse productio
ld work tradto be at the-use produces in own-usassociated m
value of owperforming eals, for exarer or a doctarises for une opportuni
d an extra ho
available, wavailable wa
than was
ther countrimonthly Survput to labourrs and Earn
o consider wSs and LFSsoften drive t is necessarelf-reportingies to record91) who, as alternate da
of some equcost of inputquires marke
n by activitof the impuical factor inrvices
ge rate to val
milar paid won work of
de off againse expense ofction work ose productio
monetary an
wn-use prodthe task – aample, is liktor, but one
nemployed pity cost methour on paid
which age data
ies may vey of r ings
which s may be
ry to g d stated ata
uivalent ts. et-based ty, there uted n any
lue
ork
st one f time of on work
nd non-
duction a kely to has a people hod is work or
on anotinstead
3.4.1.1.3
T122.can be vthe marproductto perfohousehohiring s
T123.specialiwhich arepresen
R
Fo124.on hourrate varthe diffehouse mthe replsector amajor preplacema practiactivitie
R
In125.housekeare simiproductmajoritynumberapplyin
So126.replacemassess uand the estimate
T127.productdomestiemployHoweve
ther activityof what the
3 Replace
he premise valued at thrket sector. Itive. The asorm the activold of doingsomeone els
here are stilist wage couallow them tnts workers
Replacemen
or the specirly earningsries accordinferent activitmaintenancelacement coare used (e.gproblem witment workecal perspeces to be valu
Replacemen
n this varianeeper. This ilar for mantion work ofy of the taskr of househong the single
ome countrment cost, tusually taskcost specia
e the servic
he RC-G aptive and reqic employee
yees work iner, the dutie
y. Finally, they might hav
mentcosta
of the replahe hourly eaIt is assumesumption bevity themseg the work, se to perform
ll many chould be used to carry out
s with less s
ntcostspec
ialist varians of people eng to activitties. For exae activities, ost method, g., the wageth this varianer will vary tive, it is unued.
ntcostgene
nt of replaceapproach ap
ny activitiesf services; aks that are told productie wage rate
ries such as that combin
ks performedalist (wage res that can b
pproach conquiring limites wage raten the same ses of domes
he aim shouve produced
approach
acement cosarnings of ined that househind this a
elves. The ais the cost o
m the activi
oices availabwhich wou
t the work. Akills and lit
cialistvaria
nt, the replacemployed inty, as workeample, childwhich are dwage rates
es of a cooknt is that thesignificantl
nlikely that
eralmethod
ement cost mppears to be
s, if not the and (ii) a getypically carive tasks thamay lead to
Australia, Cnes the cost d by a houserates employbe hired in
nsiders housted skills to es to value tsetting and ustic staff do
37
uld be to med on the ma
st method isndividuals wsehold memapproach is amount theyof purchasinity.
ble within thuld be of a hAlternativelttle training
ant
cement costn matched oers in differdcare actividifferent agapaid to spec
k in a restaure working cly from thosmarket repl
dvariant
method, thee the most asame, as tho
eneral houserried out in at a housekeo inappropri
Canada and general metekeeper likeyed in the inthe market,
sehold memperform th
the bulk ofunder the sanot include
asure what arket instead
s that the timwho are eng
mbers and ththat househ
y save, and hng the same
he replacemhigher rate ply a generalis needed t
ts of unpaidoccupationsrent occupatities requireain from repcialized worant for foodconditions ase of the unlacements e
e wage rate uappropriate ose faced byekeeper is ma householdeeper wouldiate valuatio
Mexico havthod (housee cleaning tndividual fu like plumb
mbers and their tasks. Inhousework
ame conditioe all househo
householdsd.
me spent onaged in simeir “replace
holds save mhence the vae services in
ment cost appaying a prelist wage coo perform th
d activities a. With this vtions are ass
e a different pair servicerkers emplod preparatio
and productinpaid househexist for all h
used is that given (i) wy the produ
more likely td. Even so, d be unlikelons.
ve developeehold workehe house orunction appbing or mech
heir “replacen the RC-G
because paons as housold work th
s actually pr
n unpaid actmilar activitiements” are money by dealue to the n the market
pproach. A emium for sould be usedheir duties.
are imputed variant, thesumed to unwage rate t
es. In this vaoyed in the on activitiesivity of the hold workerhousehold
of a generaorking condcer of own-to perform tthere will s
ly to carry o
ed a hybrid ers wage ratr preparing mroach) in orhanical wor
ements” as approach us
aid domesticseholds’ mehus some stu
roduce
ivities es in equally
eciding
t or
skills d which
based wage ndertake than ariant of market s). The
r. From
al ditions -use the still be a out and
te) to meals; rder to rkshops.
equally ses paid c embers. udies
adopt hchildren
In128.obtainework exthe costactivitie(1997) aadoptedspecialifurther
3.4.1.1.4
A129.and befthese stvalue ofbest choAlternarecord tmay be exampl
U130.for examCommisseeks todevelopof serviwhich e
3.4.1.1.5
Se131.differenthe choithe critiof servibroad cvariatioobtaineservices
3.4.1.1.
In132.‘hedonisuggestwork ofneeded.(Abraha
hourly wage n because th
n Canada, thd through axcept childct for ‘physices at the samand Mexico
d, applying tized serviceexploration
4 Grossor
Another choifore tax and tatistics thatf own-use poice as that atively, if ththe benefit omore effece.
Using net wample, addression on theo broaden inping extendeice work alsemphasizes
5 Sensitiv
ensitivity tence made toice of the imical factor inices. As statcoverage of on by valuatd by Statists varied from
6 Accoun
n addition toic’ considerted that skillf services ac. Converselyam and Mac
rates of spehey are bette
he estimatesa hybrid appcare is valuecal care of cme costs as o (2003-201the generali
es such as pln and testing
rnetwages
ice to makedeductions
t will guide production wwould be me primary pof these servtive to use n
ages to exteessing the ree Measuremncome meased householso complemthe househo
itytests
ests to impuo the estimatmputed wagn any subseted by Jacksf the populattion methodtics Canada,m 33% of G
tingforthe
o considerinrations relatels develop wctivities sucy, United Sckie, 2005).
ecialised woer suited for
s based on tproach combed at the coschildren andwith the spe
15) who proist variant flumbing andg against oth
s?
is whether s) or to use nthis decisio
work of servmost consistpurpose of vvices to the net wages to
nd measureecommendament of Econsures to ownld disposab
ments recomold perspec
uted costs netion of valuge rate has aequent compson and Chation, estima
d is almost a, which indiGDP (with R
edifference
ng which waed to the apwhen carryich as housewtates guidel. Therefore,
38
orkers (RC-r valuation.
the RC-G inbining the twst for ‘otherd other ownecialist vari
ovided an exfor low-skilld gardeningher methods
to use grosnet wage raon. If the estvices to paidtent with thevaluing own
individual o extend est
es of househation 5 of thnomic Perfon-use produle income e
mmendation ctive.
eed to be caue of own-usa significantparisons betandler (199
ates range fras great”. Ticated that tRC-G) to 52
esinquality
age to selecpplication ofing out specwork and thlines recomm, due to thes
-S) for spec
n Jackson anwo variantsr domestic w
n-use produciant. This isxample wheled labour ag. The suitabs.
s wage ratetes. Ultimattimates are d work thene core Nation-use producor househotimates of h
hold disposae Stiglitz et
ormance anuction of serestimates to 3 of the sam
arried with ose productiot bearing ontween paid 5) “among
from 25% toThis findingthe value of2% (gross o
ybetweenp
ct there are sf wage ratescific and repherefore sugmend that ase complexi
ific activitie
nd Chandlers of the RC. work’; childction work o also the ca
ere a hybrid and a speciability of thi
es (that is intely, it is theprimarily u
n gross wagonal Accounction work old that rece
household in
able incomet al. (2009) Rd Social Prrvice work. include ow
me report (S
other methoon work of n the valuatiand own-usthe internat
o 70% of GDg confirms thf own-use propportunity
paidandun
still further s. Varjonen petitive ownggest that noadjustmentsities it is sug
es such as c
r’s (1995) sAll househ
dcare is valuof services
ase of Austraapproach is
alist wage ras approach
cluding ovee intended u
used to compges represennts practiceof services ives them thncome for
e may be usReport by th
rogress, whiFurthermor
wn-use produStiglitz et al
ods to assessservices. Inion and, indse productiotional studieDP or GNP he latest resroduction wcost).
paidwork?
quality or et al. (1999
n-use produo adjustmen are appliedggested that
care of
study is hold ued at
alia s ate for needs
ertime use of pare the
nt the . is to hen it
eful if, he ich re, by uction ., 2009)
sing the ndeed, deed, is on work es with and the
sults work of
?
9) have ction
nt is d t every
time a wproduceis no, th
If133.by the mthis adjuresearchhave whassump
3.4.1
E134.and subof servioutput van estimor servi
U135.to compfor ‘Act
A136.servicesrequiresvaluinga serviccapital. of the cconsumPIM. Ingoods (vehiclesestimateinvestedintensitycosts. Cinterest reflect r
T137.using anflows fris explainclude insuran
wage rate ised match thhen that wag
f a wage ratemarket and ustment (Hahers and ecohat can be c
ptions.
Return1.2
stimating thbsidies, it is ices activitievaluation (wmate of impuices similar
United Kingdpensation oftivities of H
R
An alternativs methodolos capital goo
g. Capital sece life greate
The Perpetcapital servimer durablesn this propogoods with s and some e of the depd capital of y of the rela
Concerning trate to be a
risks on inv
hoen (1993n opportunirom these cained as foll
depreciatioce applying
s applied theat which woge rate need
e needs to bhouseholdsamunen et aonomists arconsidered a
ntocapita
he return to required to
es are not bwhich impliuted RTC isto the own-
dom, for exf employees
Households
TC ∗
ve method, rogy. As withods (durabl
ervices conser than one tual Inventoces. Howev
s and informsal, the impa service litypes of fur
preciation ofthese consu
ated servicethe return to
applied. Hervestments.
) accountedity cost methapital goodlows: if a hoon ( d ), opeg to househo
e question sould be provds to be redu
be quality ad then there al., 2012). Tre encourageas a sensible
al
capital (RT ensure thate under- or citly includs to model i-use produc
xample, haves, based on as employe
∗
recommendh the markees), thus it iist of the coyear in each
ory Method ver, a sufficimation aboutputation of cife greater thrniture) andf these consumer durables, and arrivo the investre, we sugge
d for servicehod. The ms. Then ratiousehold durating expenold contents
39
should be asvided by a muced.
djusted baseis currently
This area reqed to experie result, bas
TC) is not stt the serviceover-valued
des an estimit based on tction work o
e explored ea similar m
ers of domes
ded within thet productiois importantosts related h year of th(PIM) is suiently long t their servi
capital servihan one yead estimatingsumer capitales. This me
ves at a morted capital, oest using th
e flows bothmarket rate o
onale behinurable is rennses (such as) associated
sked – ‘doesmarket equi
ed on differy little agreequires furthiment with wsed on a set
traightforwaes producedd comparedate for RTCthe amount of services.
estimates ofmark-up obse
stic personn
RTC
his Guide, ion, own-use t to include to the depre
he good life uitable for etime series ice lives is rice flows coar (such as hg their servical goods, anethodology re appropriaone needs to
he interest ra
h from durabof return is und the use onted on the mas automobd with durab
s the qualityivalent serv
ring levels oement on hoher research wage adjustof reasonab
ard, howeved by own-usd to estimateC.) One pos
of RTC rec
f RTC by aperved in thenel’, as follo
is to apply tproductioncapital serv
eciation of aand a returnstimating thof investme
required neconsist to: i) ihousehold ace lives in ond ii) calcultakes into a
ate measure o make an aate for gove
bles and semused to derivf the opportmarket, the ile insurancble / semi-d
y of the servvice?’ If the
of service prow best to ca
and statistitments untilble and clea
er, as with tse productioes made usisibility to arcorded in in
pplying a me national acows:
the so-calledn work of sevice flows wa capital gon on the invhese two eleents in the rcessary to aidentify dur
appliances, morder to genlate a returnaccount the of deprecia
assumption ernment bon
mi-durablesve the servitunity cost mrental price
ce, propertydurable good
vice answer
rovided arry out cians, l they ar
axes on work ng an rrive at
ndustries
mark-up ccounts
d capital ervices when od with
vested ements relevant apply the rables motor
nerate an n on the
capital ation on the
nds to
s goods ice method e would y ds k (
kO ), an
the rent
T138.follows
3.4.1
A139.and thersome fopays taxown-usto the hown-usproductFor instthat houduring t
3.4.1
E140.consumbuys wawork ofof the le
O141.such as be usedas houswork of
L142.to makeservicesIndividu
T143.interme
3.4.1
Fr144.measuriaddition
nd a normal
tal price or t
hoen expres:
ske
wh
Recon1.3
Although owrefore, taxeorms of taxex or receivee productio
household sae productiotion. Countrtance, someusehold actuthe compila
Estima1.4worko
xamining hmption relate
ashing powf laundry seevel of inter
Other data soelectricity
d in conjuncehold utilitif services ac
ow-level age accurate es activities. ual Consum
he annexes ediate consu
Final1.5
rom readinging own-usen, the data s
l rate of retu
the investm
ssed the opp
kSdr )(
here kS is th
cilingfort
wn-use produes on produces and subsies a benefit fn work of satellite accon work of sries should be countries pually cares. ation of the h
atingtheinofservices
household exed to own-uder then it i
ervices. On trmediate co
ources may or water contion with hoies. Those cctivities, gen
ggregations stimates of Indeed hou
mption Acco
in Chapter umption.
considera
g to this poie productionsources may
urn ( r ). “Th
ment income
portunity co
kO
he stock of
taxesands
uction workcts and servidies that shfor the use o
services, theount. Similaservices, thibe careful thpay a benefiThe issue ohousehold s
ntermedias
xpenditure iuse productiis highly likthis basis, h
onsumption
be necessarnsumption bousehold excosts can theneral leisur
of househof intermediatusehold expeording to Pu
4 provide a
tionswhen
int, it shouldn work of s
y vary consi
40
he rate of re
forgone by
ost method t
durable / se
subsidies
k of servicesvices are genhould be accor ownershien part or alarly, if a bens should be hat the beneit to househof taxes andsatellite acc
ateconsum
is often the on work of
kely they wihousehold eused in the
ry to accuraby househo
xpenditure den be split be or other p
old expenditte consumpenditure dat
urpose (COI
a full list of
nusingthe
d be clear thervices actiiderably.
eturn cost is
y purchasing
to measurin
emi durable
s is, by natunerally not rcounted for.ip of a prodll of that taxnefit is paid
recorded aefit is actua
holds with chd subsidies icount in Cha
mptionrela
best way ofservices. F
ill use it durxpenditure own-use pr
ately estimatold appliancdata to split between difpurposes.
ture may alsption for owta may exisICOP) level
products th
einputval
hat there areivities using
the rate of
g the durabl
ng capital se
good k .
ure, not soldrelevant. Ho. Generally,
duct or assetx burden sho
for the dires a subsidy
ally connectehildren regais covered inapter 4.
atedtoown
f recording For examplering the ownsurveys canroduction w
te intermede. Such datacosts relate
fferent own-
so provide twn-use produ
t to 5-digit l in some co
hat are reallo
uation
e various altg the input v
return inclu
le good”.
ervice flows
d on the marowever, ther, if a househt that is usedould be realect provisionfor that ed to produardless of wn greater de
n‐useprod
intermediate, if a housen-use produn provide es
work of serv
diate consuma sources caed to service-use produc
the necessaruction workClassificati
ountries.
ocated to
ternatives tovaluation. In
uded in
s as
rket, re are hold d in llocated n of
uction. whether etail
duction
te ehold uction stimates
vices.
mption an then es such tion
ry splits k of ion of
o n
O145.use prodimplemunderstdevelop
A146.differenservices
3.4
T147.the outptechniquassump
3.4.2
T148.the casechildrenproductcase stuown-usthis secuse prod
E149.requiresrelativenecessahours rethis is toformal creports)servicesreceivinestimatechild is
U150.first andchildrenthe outpdiffers fwork ofthemselday; hotime.
One positiveduction wor
mented in a canding the v
p agreement
Another posinces betwees.
4.2 Theo
he followinput valuatioue and finis
ptions.
Measu2.1
he first stage of own-usn are cared tion of traveudy from thee productiotion provideduction wor
stimating ths establishin
ely easy partary to calculeceived per o sum all thcare institut) - and assus. Countriesng formal cae of time lelikely to be
Using this prd then how n were beinput approacfrom the inpf childcare slves. For exwever, this
outcome ork of servicconsistent mvalue of owt on how be
itive outcomen the input
outputap
ng section don process. Ish by drawin
uringthev
ge of the oute productiofor, the numel services we United Kin work of ses a brief derk of childc
he volume ong the total t if countrielate the numchild rather
he hours whtions (likelyuming that ts should alsoare nor ownft unsuperve a main det
rocess, the omany hoursg looked afh this wouldput valuatioservices pro
xample, a chdoes not in
f this Task Fes becomes
manner. Thiswn-use produest to use the
me would beand output
pproach
escribes theIt will outlinng conclusi
volumeofo
tput approaon work of smber of milework, or theingdom on tservices. Hoescription o
care services
of own-use pnumber of
es produce pmber hours tr than child
hich childreny to be admithe remainino be aware
n-use producvised needs tterminant in
output appros of childcafter during thd be consid
on that estabovided by cahildcare prondicate how
41
Force guidas more wides in turn wouction worke input valu
e for new reapproaches
e process anne how the ions about b
own‐usepr
ach is to estaservices, exaes driven bye number oftheir approaowever, to ilof how a cous.
production cared-for –
population sthat each ch
dcare hours gn spend in finistrative dng time is othat childrection work to be includn assessing
oach establiare each chilhe childcare
dered as twoblishes the naregivers, bvider may rmany child
ance would ely practicedould help to k of serviceuation techn
esearch to fos for valuing
nd detailed cvaluation ca
best practice
roduction
ablish the voamples incly householdf meals provach to measllustrate howuntry might
work of chiwhether pa
statistics brohild is receivgiven per caformal caredata sourceswn-use pro
en can be lefof childcare
ded in the cathe amount
ishes how mld received.e giver’s on
o child hournumber of hbut not how report caringdren they we
be that the d internationrealize the
s, while alsonique.
ocus on recog own-use p
consideratioan relate to e and some
workofse
olume of unude the num
ds providingvided. The Guring a numw the output measure th
ildcare servaid or unpaidoken down bving childcaaregiver). O- by collec
s such as schduction worft unsuperve services. Talculation. Tof time left
many childre If in the ex
ne hour of chs of childca
hours of ownthis time reg for childrere looking
valuation onally and benefits relo helping to
onciling production w
ons when apthe input valimitations
ervices
nits producember of houg own-use Guide provimber of output method whe output of
vices producd. This is thby age. It isare for (chil
One approaccting data frohool censusrk of childcised, neitheTherefore, aThe age of tft alone.
en are lookexample, twohildcare the
are receivedn-use produ
elates to chien for 1 houafter during
of own-
lated to o further
work of
pplying aluation and
ed. In urs that
ides a puts on
works f own-
ced he s then ldcare ch to om s care er an the
ed after o en using d. That uction ldren ur in a g that
3.4.2
O151.servicesattends is contrhour?
W152.market overheathe waglikely tolooking
G153.most liknearest illustratshows h
Table 3Compovalue a
Com
Imcompe
labo
+ GrosS
+ othsubpro
= GrA
Marke2.2
Once establiss, they can ba nursery fo
racted to loo
When makinprice. In the
ads such as ge costs are o be looking
g after more
Given that prkely to do somarket equ
te the point,how each pr
.2 onents captadded and o
mponent
mputed ensation for our input
ss Operating Surplus
her taxes - sidies on
oduction
ross Value Added
etequivale
shing the tobe valued b
for 4 hours ook after chil
ng this choice example opaying for elikely to rep
g after a cou children at
roviders of o when they
uivalent. Ho, Table 3.2 lrice applies
tured whileoutput
Descripthe con
own-productio
of serThe m
equivalent labour invo
productionuse producof services.in market e
pricThe return of househo
and the conof capital (in market e
pricThe value
and subsidon market e
servi(Included
equivalen
The sum vaabove com(Included
equivalen
entpricing
otal number y applying
of the day, hldren, what
ce it is impoof a nurseryelectricity opresent a hiuple of childt any one tim
own-use pry are at hom
owever, carelays out theto the two
e using the o
ption in ntext of -use on work
rvices market
cost of the olved in the n of own-ction work . (Included equivalent ce) to capital old assets nsumption (Included equivalent ce) e of taxes dies based equivalent ices in market nt price)
alue of the mponents in market nt price)
42
g
of hours ofan appropri
how much wis the rate th
ortant to recy, then a smaor renting thigher propordren at a timme.
oduction wme, the wageeful conside componentexamples o
output valu
ExaMarket pr
for a livefrom a na
per ch
The majoricharged by
would go towand p
contributionsapp
An element the nanny c
back to the np
An element ocovers any tafor which the
li
Gross Valunanny
Intermediate the nan
f own-use priate market would that that nanny w
cognize whaall element
he building. rtion of the
me whereas
ork of childes of a live-
eration shouts that are inf a nanny an
uation and
mple 1 rice chargee-in-nannyanny agenchild hour
ity of the pricea live-in-nann
wards their wapension s/benefits whe
plicable
of the price thcharges will gonanny agency profit
of the price alaxes or subsid nanny agencyable.
e Added of thy agency
- consumption
nny agency
roduction wprice. For e
time cost pewould charg
at costs are fof the cost In the examprice as thea nursery a
dcare servic-in-nanny lould dictate thncluded in and a nursery
their relat
ed y cy
Marby a
e ny ges
ere
Normaof the p
towanursery
con
hat o as
An elchild m
if run
lso dies y is
An elecovers
for whi
he
n of
Gros
Interm
work of chilexample, if er hour? If age per child
factored intper child co
mple of a nae nanny is oassistant ma
es to childreooks like thehese decisioa market priy.
tionship to
Example rket price c
nursery pehour
ally a smaller pprice per childards the wagey staff and thentributions/be
lement of the pmay be counten by a private c
ement of the ps any taxes or ich the nurser
ss Value Addenursery
- mediate consum
the nursery
dcare a child
a nanny and per
to the ontains anny, only ay be
en are e ons. To ice and
gross
2 charged er child
proportion d would go es of the eir pension enefits
price per ed as profit company
price also subsidies
ry is liable.
ed of the
mption of y
Com
+ IntCon
=
3.4.2
T154.provideactivitycarry ouaffordabown-usvaluatio
If155.worth ifvaluatioprovidinwork ofchildrenbe less
H156.alternatwork foone migchoosin
B157.type of If a paresyllabusare prov
mponent
termediate nsumption
Output
Consid2.3marke
he market re a high valuy regardless ut that activbility. Whete productioon.
f asking the f it were all on using mang the own-f childcare sn are cared-likely that e
However, thetive perspecor some, doeght questionng market pr
Beyond feasiown-use prent at homes effectivelyviding at the
Descripthe con
own-productio
of serThe value and servicare consumproductionuse produc
of serv(Included
equivalen
Sum ocompo
(and is wcalculateentirety
multiplyvolume of good or serthe respect
deringhowetpricing?
rate at whichuation in praof whether
vity. Therefother that is an work of s
question – contracted
arket prices -use producservices we-for in groupeach individ
e drawback ctive would es not necesn whether mrices.
ibility, whenroduction que schools they, is it approe market ho
ption in ntext of -use on work
rvices of goods
ces which med in the n of own-ction work vices in market nt price)
of all onents what is ed in its y when ying the f units of a rvice with tive price)
wbesttova?
h own-use pactice. Thisit would be
ore, taking tan issue or nservices and
‘how muchout to the mwhich wou
ction work ore contracteps, perhaps dual househ
here is thatsuggest tha
ssarily dimimarket feasib
n considerinuality, then eir childrenopriate to vaourly rate fo
43
ExaMarket pr
for a livefrom a na
per ch
A small part cover the co
agency utilgoods and serin the provisi
ser
Total outpuag
The numbernanny l
the numbechildren ar
the price per the nan
alue–mar
production ws high valuae feasible tothis approacnot depends
d for which p
h would ownmarket?’ theuld be affordof services. ed to the ma20 at a time
hold with ch
t the value oat just becauinish the valbility should
ng if a markassessment
n but does noalue the ow
or private le
mple 1 rice chargee-in-nannyanny agenchild hour
of the price wsts of the nannlities and othervices consumion of the nanrvice.
ut of the nannygency
= r of children thlooks after
x er of hours there looked after
x child hour set
nny agency
rketequiva
work of seration aims too create a mch does not s on how onpurpose she
n-use produen it may bedable for theFor exampl
arket, then ie and looke
hildren woul
of the childcuse it is not lue that houd feature as
ket price is sts around quot have the
wn-use produssons? Qua
ed y cy
Marby a
will ny
er med nny
Given cared
the nconsumrepresof the
y
he
e r
t by
Total
The nn
the chil
the pri
alentpricin
rvices is valuo reflect thearket servictake into ac
ne approache has in min
uction work e sensible toe majority ole, if all ownit may be md after by old employ a
care may beaffordable t
usehold gains a considera
suitable to vuality of serknowledge uction work
ality adjustm
Example rket price c
nursery pehour
that all the chfor on the pre
nursery, intermmption costs ar
ent a higher pprice charged
hour.
l output of the=
number of chinursery looks a
x number of hodren are looke
x ce per child h
the nursery
ngoreffici
ued is likelye worth of thce big enougccount hes the valund for the fin
of serviceso make the of those houn-use produ
more likely thone adult. It a live-in nan
e understateto contract ons from it anation when
value a specrvice are reqto explain t
k of servicesment is requ
2 charged er child
hildren are emises of mediate re likely to
proportion d per child
e nursery
ldren the after
ours the ed after
hour set by y
ient
y to hat gh to
ation of nal
be
useholds uction hat would
nny.
ed. An out the nd so
cific quired. the s they ired in
cases wservices
O158.use prodformula
3.4.2
T159.output vconsuminput anconsum
3.4
C160.the highthereformethodproductof each
E161.concludthe marconsumsubtractfor the l
In162.(net of dcapital asubsequ
H163.1992. Tactivitiealso havinput andepart f
7 For exaare alreadGDP and
where a marks.
Once a suitabduction wora:
Estima2.4
o get an estvaluation ap
mption (as dend output va
mption is ded
4.3 Comp
Countries wiher chance tre make the
d and the inption work ofmethod.
ven if the eded that theyrket value o
mption of fixted, to arrivlabour inpu
n the input adepreciationand other tauently addin
Harvey and MThe methodoes that are ave estimatesnd the outpufrom one an
ample, the userdy accounted d as such, were
ket service i
ble market prk of servic
atinginter
timate of thepproach, it iescribed in aluation tecducted from
parisonb
ill often relythat an outp
e input valuaput-based mf services. T
lements of ty would leaf the produc
xed capital, ve at the balaut and a net r
approach, asn) is added axes less subng intermed
Mukhopadhology accoualready inclus for own-uut valuationnother.
r cost of dwelfor in GDP. Se not added as
is higher or
price has bees to obtain
rmediatec
e GVA fromis again necthe input vahniques (se
m the value o
betweent
y on their timput valuationation more a
method are bThis section
the two appad to the samcts. The cosother taxes ancing itemreturn on ca
s previouslyto the sum bsidies on p
diate consum
hyay (2005)unts for comuded in the
use production techniques
lling for each Similarly, certas an output.
44
r lower valu
een found thn the total ou
-
consumptio
m own-use pcessary to praluation secee section 3.of total outp
theoutpu
me use datan will requiappealing (H
both theoretin will summ
proaches weme result. Insts of produon product
m “mixed incapital invest
y discussed,of the valueproduction tmption, one
) presented ompatibility w
SNA GDP.on work of s. It will be
activity was sain outputs su
ue to own-us
hen it can beutput valuat
onandgro
production roduce estimction). The p.4.1.4). Theput to derive
utandin
a for differere further exHamunen eically viable
marise the ad
ere almost thn the outputuction (intermion minus scome”, whited or net op
, an imputede of labour pto obtain anarrives at a
output-basewith the SN.7 Later this services forinteresting t
subtracted fromuch as garden
se productio
e applied totion, follow
ossvaluea
work of sermates of intprocess is id value of ine GVA.
nputappr
nt purposesxpensive dat al., 2012).e ways to edvantages an
he same, it ct approach, tmediate consubsidies) arich consists perating sur
d estimate oplus the con
n estimate ofan estimate o
ed estimatesA by excludyear, Uniter year 2014to see how
m the value ofvegetables are
on work of
o the units owing the basi
added
rvices usingermediate dentical for ntermediatio
roaches
s. This can rata collectio. The outputstimate ownnd disadvan
cannot be the starting-nsumption, re subsequeof remuner
rplus.
of return to nsumption of GVA. By of total outp
s for Canadading certained Kingdom using both these estim
f output becaue already inclu
f own-ic
g the
both on
result in on and t-based n-use ntages
-point is
ently ration
capital of
put.
a for n
m will the
mates
use they uded in
Table 3Compa
Source: S
T164.using vgeneralapproxiusing th
Fi165.mainly wages wthat firmgreater should bjustifies
B166.preferenmain reproductin markof own-inputs, output dsurveys
H167.both thecategor
8 Howeveworking calculatioactivitiesmean low
.3 arison of in
Statistics Cana
able 3.3 shvarious alterist input mimately 39 phe output-ba
itzgerald ana productiv
would undems are morestocks of phbe higher bs why GOS
Both the outpnce betweeneason for thition. Therefket productio-use producsuch as labodirectly, thes.8
However, thee volume anies with sub
er, treating eatime to each oons difficult tos that are oftenw productivity
put and ou
ada (1995); H
hows a comrnative inpu
method recomper cent lowased method
nd Wicks (1vity issue: ifrestimate th
e productivehysical capiecause theyshould be i
put and inpun the outputis is that thefore, it giveson. The out
ction work oour, capital e output app
e output appnd the valuebstantively d
ach output sepaof the simultano interpret. Thn performed siy. To overcom
utput appro
Harvey and Mu
mparison of ut output apmmended b
wer than thed (326.9 bil
990) arguedf householdhe househole than houseital. Further
y include retincluded in
ut approacht and input ae SNA uses s possibilititput approacof services pand raw ma
proach avoid
proach also e of the outpdifferent ou
arately, e.g., tneous activitiehe return to labimultaneously
me this issue, o
45
oaches for C
ukhopadhyay
estimates upproaches fby Statisticse comparablllion versus
d that the dis were moreld output, aneholds for mrmore, estimturns to othethe input ap
h have advanapproaches the output mes for makich also makpossible, anaterials (Folds the probl
presents seputs requireutputs. The l
the care for eaes, may make bour by activi
y. In these caseone may want
Canada, 19
(2005); Gee (2
using the oufor the years Canada inle value of u234.5 billio
ifference bee productivend vice versmost activitimates founder factors thpproach inp
ntages and sis often setmethod whng direct co
kes the measd guaranteelbre, 2008).lem of simu
everal methos defining alevel of disa
ach child and, the returns to
ity can then bees, a low returto split inputs
992
2015).
utput appror 1992. Thencludes voluunpaid houson).
etween the te than firmssa. Howeveries because
d using the ohan solely laput.
shortcomingt to the formen computinomparisons surement ofes the inclus. Moreover,ultaneous ac
odological iand dividingaggregation
at the same tio labour derivee much lower rn to labour dos relating to si
oach with ee replacemeunteer worksehold servi
two approacs, then the mr, it is moreof their acc
output methabour. This
gs. In theorymer method.ng market with the ac
f the producsion of all th, by measurctivities in ti
issues. Estimg activities in performed
me, allocatinged from the in the case ofoes not necessimultaneous o
stimates ent cost-k and is ice work
ches is market e likely cess to hod
y, the The
tivities ctivity he ing the ime-use
mating into
d at this
g the full
f sarily
output.
stage is(Eurostoutput vsometim
T168.finding would n
A169.betweenservice.market,MoreovsubsidieMukhop
R170.solutionMukhopshould mof input
T171.input aphave apnow weeasy to wages. wage dapurposeconceptbetweenservicesand metsecondacount anGuide r
9 Fitzgerathat it wo10 A careFinland gand the re
frequently at, 2003). Tvalue and lames difficul
he aggregatthe cost of
not produce
As is the casen a number . Either alte, resulting inver, the values - or markpadhyay, 20
Researchers ns to data gapadhyay, 19measure thets whenever
he limitatiopproach wopplied this laell recognisevalue time Besides timata), which es. Howevert as a basis fn national ss in the counthodologiesary activitiend include srecommend
ald and Wicksould take to hiful comparisogross wages. West of the diffe
limited by Too few cateack realisticlt to find a r
tion of activthe nearest
e the same q
e with the inof similar a
ernative coun differing eue of the serket prices. M005).
have spokenathering and996). Abrahe value and r feasible.”
ons of the ouuld be a preatter approaed and docuspent on ow
me use data, are alreadyr, the resultfor the hourtudies may ntries in qus.10 Moreoves: should thsimultaneous the issue a
s (1990) accouire someone toon was made bWhen the wagference could b
data availabegories wouc comparabiepresentativ
vities shouldmarket equ
quality of pr
nput valuatialternatives,
uld be equallestimates thrvices can bMost studies
n for the oud calculatioham and Maquantity of
utput approaeferable metach, which aumented. Thwn-use prod
few additioy available ins depend herly wages (anot tell muestion whener, the inpu
he researcheus activitiesas an area w
unted for this o come to the between Germge concept wabe easily expl
46
bility and muld result inility with thve output to
d also take iuivalent. Forroduct as a M
ion approac, such as hirly viable bu
hat could hebe measureds use the lat
utput methons (Ironmonackie (2005)f outputs ind
ach mentionthod (Abrahalso implieshe availabilduction woronal data son official steavily on thactual workch of the ren those resu
ut approach er only conss? Chapter 8warranting f
issue by meashouse and per
many and Finlas made the samained (Rüger
may heavily n estimates te services o
o each activi
into accounr example, mMichelin-sta
ch, another pring a baby ut would inveavily influed at either batter approach
d and madenger and So) recommendependently
ned above iham and Mas that its streity of time u
rk of serviceources are netatistics in mhe choice of king hours, peal value of ults are baseraises the issider primar8 discusses tfurther resea
suring the outprform the actiand. Originallme, the differand Varjonen
influence ththat heavily on the markeity (e.g., pa
nt the difficumost peoplearred chef.
problem arisitter or usi
volve differeence the finaasic prices -h (Harvey a
e proposals foupourmas, nded that “ny from the v
mply that aackie, 2005engths and wuse data hases by a suitaeeded (natio
many countrf wage rate wpaid hours).own-use pr
ed on differessue of howry activitiesthis in morearch.
put in hours aivity. y, Germany u
rence in the van, 2008).
he results depend upo
et. It is alsossive childc
ulties relatede cooking a
ises when ching a day caent prices oal result. - before taxand
for practica2009; Harv
nonmarket avalue and qu
a well-mana). Most exeweaknessess made it reable wage oonal accounries for otheworking tim. Comparisoroduction went assumpt
w to deal wit, or should e detail, and
and estimating
used net wagesalues narrowed
on the o care).9
d to a meal
hoosing are on the
es and
al vey and accounts uantity
aged ercises s are elatively r
nts and er
me ons ork of tions th they
d the
g the cost
s and d clearly
Chap
4.1 In
T172.satelliteresearchThere aproductmore deprovidetourismsecond consum
T173.SNA prchapter accountframewaccountintegratown-usaccountframewconsumrecordin
B174.recogniown-us
a) b) c) d)
4.2 D
4.2
T175.work offramewrequire added d
pter4
ntroduc
his chapter e accountingh purposes, are two stantion boundaetail than ines an analyti
m-related protype of sate
mption, or ca
he SNA staroduction bodescribes a
t in two maiwork – enlarg
ting of timetes unpaid he productiots estimates
work deals wmption expenng of unpaid
Before goingising that the provision
Housing seAgriculturaHousehold Dwellings,
Develop
2.1 Asimofser
he first stagf services is
work of the nthe extensio
discussed in
TheH
ctionto
concerns thg system. Aby allowingdard types o
ary, but focunternational ical framewoducts and iellite accounapital forma
ates that whioundary, it a methodoloin stages. Tging it with
e use in physhousehold sen work of s - extends th
with all the cnditure to ind household
g into detail e restricted of goods an
ervices prodal products rservices proor extensio
ingaho
mplifiedsrvices
ge of develos to add furtnational accon of the pr
n Chapter 3.
Househ
thehou
he measuremAccording to
g more focuof satellite auses in morestandards r
work for morindustries –nt goes a steation beyond
ile unpaid his possible t
ogy for doinhe first stag
h observed dsical units (ervice workservices - whhe productichanges, incntermediated service wo
of preparinproduction
nd services
duced by thoretained by oduced by e
ons to the dw
ousehold
satellitea
oping a full ther extensiocounts. The roduction boIts compila
47
holdSat
usehold
ment of owno the SNA, sus for analyaccount. The detail on arequire. For re detailed aall within t
ep further and the conve
household seto include th
ng exactly thge is to adapdata accordi(hours). Thek into the SNhich is curron boundarcluding the consumptioork.
ng a househon boundary d
by househo
ose occupyinfarmers
employing pwelling
dsatelli
accountf
household sons and bresatellite accoundary andation is limi
telliteA
satellit
n-use produsatellite acc
ysis on partihe first does a specific seinstance, a analysis of the SNA prond extends
entional SNA
ervice workhem withinhis: construpt slightly thing to TUSse second staNA. In this rently out ofry of the 200reallocationon, to arrive
old satellitedefined aboolds. Examp
ng the dwel
paid staff.
iteacco
forown‐u
satellite acceakdowns tocount propod related imited to the a
Accoun
eaccou
uction work counts are excular sectornot extend
ector or indutourism satthe demandoduction bothe boundarA definition
k should be n a satellite aucting a houhe traditionas, to arrive aage actually frameworkf the scope o08 SNA. Thn of househoe at a fully c
e account, itove already iples are, but
lling they ow
unt
useprod
count for owo the traditioosed in this
mputations oaddition of in
nt
nt
of servicesxtremely usrs of the ecothe SNA
ustry, provitellite accoud and supplyoundary. Thries of prodns.
excluded fraccount. Thsehold satelal supply anat a more invalues and
, the inclusiof official nhe envisageold final consistent
t is worth includes somt not limited
wn
ductionw
wn-use prodonal supply section doe
of output andnformation
in a seful for onomy.
iding unt y of he duction,
rom the his llite nd use ntegrated fully ion of national d
me d to:
work
duction and use s not d value from
time-usand paidactivitiewith the
T176.thus suprequiredchapterin Chap
T177.substituanalyserespect,childrenand cleaproductpropose
se surveys –d work, edues, enablingeir counterp
he first extepplementingd data, altho, own-use p
pter 2.
he second eutes for owne shifts betw, one could n, elderly, aaning and gtion work ofed supply an
– the total nuucation and g a comparisparts in the m
ension relateg data on (pough not alwproduction w
extension ren-use producween these s
think of actand other pegeneral mainf services, and use table
umber of holeisure. Fur
son betweenmarket.
es to addingpaid) employways in the work of serv
elates to addction work ervices, andtivities and eople withinntenance of and the mares.
48
ours devotedrthermore, in the value
g data on timyment. Timpreferred d
vices is brok
ding more dof services.d own-use pservices rel
n or outside f dwellings. rket counterp
d to own-usit provides mof own-use
me spent onme use survedetail. In theken down in
detailed brea. Doing so, production olated to restthe same hoTable 4.1 hparts that sh
se productiomore detaileproduction
n various hoeys is the mae example pnto the main
akdowns of one could mof services waurants, takousehold, p
highlights thhould be inc
on work of sed breakdow
n work of se
ousehold actain source o
presented in n activities
f industries tmonitor andwork. In thi
king care of ersonal tran
he own-use cluded in th
services wns of ervices
tivities, of this this defined
that are d is
fnsport,
he
49
Table 4.1 Own-use production work of services activities, and their market counterparts
Own-use production work of services activity
Sub activity Central Product Classification Version 2.1 International Standard Industrial Classification of All Economic Activities (ISIC), Rev. 4
Group Description Class Subclass Description Class
Housing Provision of housing
8129
Cleaning 853 Cleaning services 8531 85310 Disinfecting and exterminating services 8129
8532 85320 Window cleaning services 8121
8533 85330 General cleaning services 8129
8534 85340 Specialized cleaning services
8130
Gardening 859 Other support services 8597 85970 Landscape care and maintenance services
9523
Repair 872 Repair services of other 8721 87210 Repair services of footwear and leather goods
9529
8722 87220 Repair services of watches, clocks and jewellery
9529
8723 87230 Repair services of garments and household textiles
9524
8724 87240 Repair services of furniture 9529 (3313)
8729 87290 Maintenance and repair services of other goods
Nutrition Plan meals and shopping
980 Domestic services 9800 98000 Domestic services 9700
50
Prepare, serve and wash up meals
980 Domestic services 9800 98000 Domestic services 5610
633 Food serving services 6331 63310 Meal serving services with full restaurant services
5610
6332 63320 Meal serving services with limited services
5621
6339 63391 Event catering services 5629
63392 Contract food services for transportation operators
5629
63393 Other contract food services 5610
63399 Other food serving services
Clothing Buy clothing or material to make clothing
980 Domestic services 9800 98000 Domestic services
Laundry - washing and ironing
971 Washing, cleaning and dyeing services
9711 97110 Coin-operated laundry services 9601
9712 97120 Dry-cleaning services (including fur product cleaning services)
9601
9713 97130 Other textile cleaning services 9601
9714 97140 Pressing services 9601
9715 97150 Dyeing and colouring services 8890
Care Child care 935 Other social services without accommodation
9351 93510 Child day-care services 8510
921 Pre-primary education services
9210 92100 Pre-primary education services 8510
922 Primary education services 9220 92200 Primary education services 8521
923 Secondary education services 9231 92310 Lower secondary education services, general
8522
51
9232 92320 Lower secondary education services, technical and vocational
8521
9233 92330 Upper secondary education services, general
8522
9234 92340 Upper secondary education services, technical and vocational
8730
932 Residential care services for the elderly and disabled
9322 93222 Residential care services for young disabled persons
8720
933 Other social services with accommodation
9330 93301 Residential care services for children suffering from mental retardation, mental health illnesses or substance abuse
8790
93302 Other social services with accommodation for children
8810
934 Social services without accommodation for the elderly and disabled
9349 93492 Other social services without accommodation for disabled children
8710
Adult care 932 Residential care services for the elderly and disabled
9321 93210 Residential health-care services other than by hospitals
8730
9322 93221 Residential care services for the elderly 8730
93223 Residential care services for disabled adults
8720
933 Other social services with accommodation
9330 93303 Residential care services for adults suffering from mental retardation, mental health illnesses or substance abuse
8790
93304 Other social services with accommodation for adults
8810
93411 Vocational rehabilitation services for persons with disabilities
8890
52
934 Social services without accommodation for the elderly and disabled
9341 93412 Vocational rehabilitation services for unemployed persons
8810
93491 Other social services without accommodation for the elderly
9609
Pet care 861 Support and operation services to agriculture, hunting, forestry and fishing
8612 86129 Other animal husbandry services 4921
Transport Performing transportation services on own account
641 Local transport and sightseeing transportation services of passengers
6411 64111 Urban and suburban railway transport services of passengers
4921
64112 Urban and suburban scheduled road transport services of passengers
4921
64113 Mixed mode urban and suburban transportation services of passengers
4922
64114 Local special-purpose scheduled road transport services of passengers
4922
64115 Taxi services 4922
64116 Rental services of passenger cars with operator
4922
64117 Road transport services of passengers by man- or animal-drawn vehicles
4922
64118 Local bus and coach charter services 4922
64119 Other land transportation services of passengers, n.e.c.
5021
6412 64121 Inland water transport services of passengers by ferries
5021
64122 Inland water transport services of passengers on cruises
5021
53
64129 Other inland water transport services of passengers
4911
6413 64131 Sightseeing services by rail 4922
64132 Sightseeing services by land, except rail 5011 5021
64133 Sightseeing services by water 5110
64134 Sightseeing services by air 4911
642 Long-distance transport services of passengers
6421 64210 Interurban railway transport services of passengers
4922
6422 64221 Interurban scheduled road transport services of passengers
4922
64222 Interurban special-purpose scheduled road transport services of passengers
4922
64223 Long-distance bus and coach charter services
5011
6423 64231 Coastal and transoceanic water transport services of passengers by ferries
5011
64232 Coastal and transoceanic water transport services of passengers on cruise ships
5011
64239 Other coastal and transoceanic water transport services of passengers
5110
6424 64241 Domestic scheduled air transport services of passengers
5110
64242 Domestic non-scheduled air transport services of passengers
5110
64243 International scheduled air transport services of passengers
T178.and timwhile ocookingsubstitusimilar simply of serviby the hthan ha
T179.should lFor instmuch rehas beethe simpproductwork. Tmeals, bmeals. Sof a fullproduct
In180.by prodSatelliteintermehousehosnacks -vegetabintermegoods cintermedurableused forSNA prabove.
A181.elaboratrelatinginstanceown-us4.2 doesome ususe prod
O182.using thproduct4.2 asid
he distinctiome spent on l
thers will vg - and thenutable with aline of reasignore the pices and leishouseholds.s been avail
able 4.2 prolook. Tabletance, it onleduced list on included plified satelts, the rows This does nobut also to cSuch informl-fledged sation bounda
n the core acducts or by pe Accounts ediate consuolds consum- and should
bles are mucediate consuconsumed oediate consues as fixed ar productionroduction bo
All in all, onted upon in
g to own-usee, in this exe productios not value seful analysduction wor
Of course, cohe output aption work ofde from the
on betweenleisure may
view this actn eating – asa meal in a oning couldpotential prosure time, th Solving thilable for pre
ovides an ille 4.2 is a conly highlightsof productsas additionallite accounin the use t
ot only relatconsumer dumation woulatellite accoary.
ccounts, houpurpose (CPframework
umption reqme some purd remain asch more likeumption in or transform
umption. In assets, and thn are input coundary, an
e would thu more detaie productionample, thern work of trthese hours
ses are possrk of servic
ountries whpproach willf services. Ainformation
n time spent y not be thattivity as a ws a most enjofast food red be appliedoblems withhus followinis problem weparing this
lustrative exncise versios two own-u. However, al rows at th
nts relates totable, whichte to the inteurables suchld also consunt for own
usehold finaPA or COICk, some expequired for owrchased foo
s HHFCE. Hely to form own-use proed during thaddition, thherefore thecosts. The f
nd as such, d
us arrive at al in Annex n work of sere were a totransport ands, nor does iible regardies, and thei
ich have opl not have inAs such, then already co
54
on own-uset clear cut. S
way to spendoyable leisu
estaurant” (Sd to taking ch the distincng the percewould requ
s report.
xample of hon of the prouse productit illustrate
he bottom oo having moh are relevanermediate inh as transpo
stitute imporn-use produ
al consumpCOP classifienditure on wn-use prodod without fHowever, sothe inputs o
oduction wohe productiohe househole consumptifirst simplifdoes not ma
an extended4.4. Table 4ervices recotal of 32,73d adult careit extend theing the comir market co
pted to measnformation ere will be lontained wit
e productionSome will cd leisure timure activity,Stiglitz, Sencare of childction betweeption and t
uire further r
how the propoposed full tion work ofs how the ti
of the table. ore detailed nt for own-unputs, such ort vehicles,rtant buildinction work
ption expendication). Hogoods and
duction worfurther prepome food, foof preparingork of food on process ad satellite aion of fixed
fied satelliteake the HHF
d use table, 4.2 shows thorded are th7 million an
e services ree production
mparison of tounterparts.
sure own-uson the hour
little for thethin their na
n work of sonsider gar
me. Similarly, not a choren and Fitousdren. This Gen own-usethe allocatioresearch and
posed (extetable locatef services acime spent onA further stbreakdownuse productas those for, and equipmng blocks foof services
diture (HHFowever, in thservices is a
rk of servicearation - suor instance fg a meal, anservices. Inare reconsid
account shoud capital on e account, doFCE transfo
as depictedhat the only
he number ond 1,379 miespectively. n boundarytime spent p
se productiors worked inse countriesational supp
ervices actirdening as ay, “many vie that is easssi, 2009). AGuide propoe productionon of time cd much mor
ended) use taed in Annexctivities, ann various actep in devel
ns for some tion of servir the preparment for preor the compwith an ext
FCE) is catehe Househoactually es. For insta
uch as crispsflour and
nd are therefn other worddered as uld treat houhousehold does not alte
ormations de
d in Table 4.y informatioof hours. Forillion hours Importantly
. However, performing
on work of sn own-use s to add to Tply and use
ivities a drag, iew ily
A oses to n work hosen re time
able x 4.4. nd a ctivities loping of the ices ration of eparing pilation tended
egorized old
ance, s and
fore ds,
usehold durables
er the escribed
.2, and on r of y, Table already own-
services
Table tables.
If183.insightsservicesspent onanalysisfor prepdata in tsatelliteown-us
f compiled os into shifts s on the marn own-use ps of changesparing mealthis type of
e account: ee productio
over a longebetween owrket. The anproduction ws in consums at home to
f satellite tabxtending thn work of s
er period, sawn-use prodnalysis of shwork of serv
mption behavo purchasinble would c
he productioservices. Th
55
ay every fivduction of shifts in hourvices couldviour, for ex
ng meals at rconstitute anon boundaryhis is the top
ve years, Tabervices worrs spent on p
d be supplemxample shifrestaurants, n indispensay by includinpic of the ne
ble 4.2 coulrk and the ppaid employ
mented by afts in the puetc. Whate
able elemenng monetaryext section.
ld provide vpurchase of yment and h
a more detaiurchase of pver the case
nt in produciy estimates
valuable similar hours iled roducts e, the ing a of
56
Table 4.2 Simplified use table at purchasers' prices (excluding extension of the production boundary)
£billions M
anuf
actu
ring
Tra
nsp
ort
and
stor
age
Of w
hich
: P
asse
nger
la
nd t
rans
port
Ow
n-u
se
prod
uctio
n
wo
rk o
f tra
vel
serv
ices
Hum
an h
eal
tha
nd s
ocia
l w
ork
act
iviti
es
Of w
hich
: R
esid
entia
l ca
re a
ctiv
ities
Ow
n-u
se
prod
uctio
n
wor
k of
ad
ult
care
se
rvic
es
…
To
tal
inte
rme
dia
te
use
s
Fin
al
cons
umpt
ion
expe
nditu
re
by h
ouse
hold
s
…
Gro
ss c
apita
l fo
rma
tion
Tot
al e
xpor
ts
Tot
al f
ina
l us
es a
t pu
rcha
sers
' pr
ices
To
tal u
se a
t
pu
rch
aser
s'
pri
ces
Agriculture, forestry and fishery products 9.7 0.1 0.0 - 0.0 0.0 - 14.0 14.2 1.0 2.1 17.3 31.3
Ores and minerals; electricity, gas and water 17.9 6.7 1.7 - 2.1 0.6 - 86.0 48.4 -0.6 12.5 60.3 146.2
of which: Water supply and miscellaneous services relating to the dwelling - - - - - - - - 7.3 - - - -
of which: Electricity, gas and other fuels - - - - - - - - 14.5 - - - -
of which: Operation of personal transport equipment - - - - - - - - 25.9 - - - -
Food products, beverages and tobacco; textiles, apparel and leather products 15.8 0.6 0.2 - 2.1 0.6 - 46.7 95.2 0.8 14.7 110.6 157.3
of which: Food products for the preparation of home meals - - - - - - - - 71.4 - - - - … Other transportable goods, except metal products, machinery and equipment 120.2 4.0 1.0 - 18.0 5.3 - 252.2 125.5 32.3 137.8 307.1 559.3
of which: Glassware, tableware and household utensils - - - - - - - - 0.6 - - - -
of which: Tools and equipment for house and gardens - - - - - - - - 1.0 - - - - … Metal products, machinery and equipment 18.7 1.3 0.3 - 0.5 0.1 - 31.4 36.8 19.2 46.7 102.7 134.1
of which: Household appliances - - - - - - - - 5.8 - - - -
of which: Transport equipment - - - - - - - - 30.2 0.6 - - -
Constructions and construction services 2.0 2.1 0.5 - 0.8 0.2 - 89.5 1.3 102.6 2.1 106.1 195.5
of which: Maintenance and repair of the dwelling - - - - - - - - 1.2 - - - - …. Own-use production work of clothing services - - - - - - - - - - - - - Own-use production work of travel services - - - - - - - - - - - - - Own-use production work of meal services - - - - - - - - - - - - - Own-use production work of housing services - - - - - - - - - - - - - … Total 228.5 64.2 15.9 - 56.5 16.6 - 1078.8 844.7 226.9 383.7 1766.7 2845.5 Total Compensation of employees 81.9 37.6 6.5 - 68.2 26.9 - 674.5 - - - - - Other taxes on production minus other subsidies on production 12.5 4.0 8.2 - 2.4 8.2 52.6 - - - - - Consumption of fixed capital 19.1 10.0 2.9 - 3.6 1.5 - 187.9 - - - - - Operating surplus and mixed income, net 23.3 7.5 2.2 - 18.1 7.4 - 364.0 - - - - - Return to capital 23.3 7.5 2.2 - 18.1 7.4 - 364.0 - - - - - Imputed comp for labour to own-use production work of services - - - - - - - - - - - - - Value added, gross 136.7 59.1 19.8 - 92.2 43.9 - 1279.1 - - - - - Output 365.2 123.4 35.7 - 148.8 60.5 - 2357.9 - - - - - million hours - - - - - - - Total hours - - - - - Hours worked in paid employment 5,004 2,173 913 - 6,154 1,127 - 43,207 - - - - - Hours worked on education and training - - - - - - - 14,423 - - - - - Hours worked in own-use production work of services - - - 32,737 - - 1,379 104,925 - - - - - Leisure time - - - - - - - 118,203 - - - - - Other activities n.e.c. - - - - - - - 140,379 - - - - -
* Please note that the sub classification of COICOP-groups is only an approximation, for illustrative purposes. Not the whole COICOP (sub)group may fall within the perimeters of the main heading of the use table.
4.2
T184.servicesfrom owemployof own-impact simplifiTable 4
T185.expendiproductaway frintermea lowerown-usconsumdepreciservicesthese ad
4.2.2.1
T186.own-usfinal coacquisitSNA clExpendrelativeexpendiExamplscrewdraccountFixed cproduct
A187.househoactivityHollowcertain adhere t
11 HousehOffice fo
2.2 ASatwith
his section s, over and bwner-occupying paid do-use producon traditionied version
4.2. Annex 4
he first stepiture of hoution work ofrom the coluediate consuring of GDPe productio
mption, otheration, impus activities, dditional ite
Estimatio
he househoe productio
onsumption tion less disarifies the b
ditures on duely simple opitures are reles of such grivers, and st for a signiapital in hotivity of hou
Annex 4.1 prold final con
y. This allocway et al. (20
products wito the alloca
hold satellite a
or National Sta
elliteAccanExten
further elabbeyond the ied housing
omestic staffction of servnal GDP andof the final
4.5 provides
p in the procuseholds thaf services. Aumn represeumption in tP. However,n work of sr taxes less
uted “mixed and impute
ems in turn.
onofinter
old satellite n work of sexpenditure
sposals of fiboundary linurable produperations m
egular and sgoods are hso on. Howficant part ouseholds is usehold.
rovides a lisnsumption eation is larg
002).11 Theill differ byations descr
account (expeatistics, United
countforndedProd
borates Tablservices tha
g and the prof. The vario
vices work ad other mactable, draw
s the table in
cess is to chat are used aAs noted shenting final the columns, later on, thservices. Thother subsiincome” fo
ed return to
rmediateco
account extservices as ae needs is dixed assets, ne between ucer goods
may be treatesmall compahand tools suever, countrof the stockan importa
st of producexpendituregely based oe Guide recoy country. Hribed here a
erimental) metd Kingdom, 2
57
rown‐useductionB
le 4.2 by incat are alreadoduction of
ous sets of care discussecro-economiwing on the sn its entirety
hange the reas intermedihortly, this p
consumptios of the resphis will be chis is calculadies on prod
or the time scapital. The
onsumptio
tends the practivities in
divided into and final cofixed assetsthat are smed as intermared with exuch as sawsries may tre
k of produceant factor in
cts, and actse to intermeon the workognises that
However, theas best as po
thodology, Su2002.
eproducBoundary
cluding the dy includedf domestic ahanges in th
ed. Subsequic indicatorsame numery.
ecording of tiate consum
process incluon expenditpective activcompensatedated as the sduction, conspent on owe following
onandgro
oduction oftheir own rthree parts:onsumptions and intermall, inexpen
mediate consxpenditures s, spades, kneat tools as fers’ durable
understand
as a guide diate consu
k undertakent productione Guide recoossible. This
ue Holloway, S
ctionwory
own-use prd in the SNAand personalhe recordingently, this ss. Table 4.3rical examp
the items inmption in theudes shiftinture of housvities. The fd by the addsum of: intensumption o
wn-use produsections wi
ossfixedca
f the SNA, aright. As a r intermedia
n of goods amediate connsive and ussumption won machine
nives, axes, fixed assetsgoods (SNA
ding change
for reallocaumption, by n in the Unin processes,ommends ths will ensur
Sandra Short a
rkofserv
roduction wA, such as sel services byg and the vasection deta3 illustrates ple provided
n final consue own-use
ng relevant iseholds to first-order imditional outpermediate of fixed capuction workill discuss e
apitalform
and recogniresult houseate consumpand servicessumption. sed to perfor
when such ery and equhammers,
s where theyA 2008, 6.2s in the
ating from each specif
ited Kingdo and the suphat all counre consistenc
and Sarah Tam
vices
work of ervices y aluation ils the a
d in
umption
items
mpact is put of
pital or k of each of
mation
ises ehold ption, . The
rm
uipment.
y 225).
fic om by pply of
ntries cy and
mplin.
comparused foruse prodallotmeinterme
In188.regular allocatework ofleisure. on transinstancenumbertravellethe amo
In189.the intedwellinrenovatsmall resubstan(which)SNA, §intermeconsumconsumintermeexpendi
A190.productbe respothe relegoods.
W191.productwork unhousehoapplianfor houpurchaspart of papplianof consuthe part
4.2.2.2
T192.the prod
rability acror final consuduction wor
ent for each ediate consu
n respect of maintenanc
e the full amf services, aOne could
sport statistie, in the Unr of miles tred on trips count of petro
n the case ofrmediate co
ngs may be qtions, whichepairs. In th
ntial repairs,) are essenti 6.36), and
ediate goodsmption of homption expenediate consuitures.
Another comtion of own-onsible for vant transac
When it comts, service lindertaken bold satelliteces; 05.4 - Gse and gardses, for exampurchases oces may be umer durabtial allocatio
Estimatio
he second sduction of o
oss countriesumption, inrk of servictype. For in
umption.
f travel service and (purc
mount of theas a significapossibly coics covering
nited Kingdoavelled in pategorised aol expenditu
f repair andonsumption quite signifih are typicalhe latter case, such as re-ially intermminor repai
s used for thousing servicnditure. Theumption of h
mplication is-use producsome of thections in the
mes to the diife, and acti
by Eurostat (e account (2Glassware,
den. A problmple fully-eof dwellings
included, ables concernon, as discu
onofconsu
step is a moown-use pro
s. Of coursentermediate es. In these
nstance, 60%
ices, the mochased) repae relevant prant part of t
ompile moreg data on kiom, the Natprivate vehicas own-use ure that sho
d maintenanfor the purp
ficant. Here,lly recordede, national a-plastering wediate inputirs which arhe former tyces, whereaerefore, twohousing serv
s that not allction work oe purchased e SNA, Tab
stinction ofivities that t(2003) whic002). The litableware a
lem in relatiequipped kis. Furthermoas part of thens transport ssed above,
umptionof
re complicaoduction wo
58
e, it is possiconsumptio cases, coun% of fruit is
ost significaair servicesroducts to ththe transpore detailed esilometres trational Travecles by purpproduction
ould be cons
nce of consupose of “do, one needs d as part of iaccounts mawalls or rept into the prre typically ype of mainas goods useo adjustmenvices, and m
l relevant goof services agoods. Giv
ble 4.2 and T
f consumer dthey should ch in turn leist includes and househoion to this ctchens, mayore, when ree rentals paequipment , is relevant
ffixedcap
ated one. Afork of servic
ible that somon and fixedntries will ns final consu
ant candidat. In this cashe productiort services rstimates of avelled for vel Survey prpose of trip.
n work of sersidered as in
umer durablo-it-yourselfto make a dinvestmentsake a distinc
pairing roofsroduction ofdone by tentenance woed in the lat
nts are requimoving part
oods may aas, for examven that it isTable 4.3 m
durables, Abe allocate
eans heavilyCOICOP-i
old utensils;categorisatioy be recordeenting a dwid, as well. (item 07.1)
t.
pitalandre
fter recordinces, the con
me goods ord capital forneed to assigumption, an
tes to break se however, on of own-uelates to pathe various various purprovides info. The proporvices are untermediate
es and dwelf” activities distinction bs, and regulction betwes, carried ouf housing senants. In the
ould end up tter type arered: movingt of final con
ctually be umple, a hireds quite diffic
make no allo
Annex 4.3 prd to. This is
y on United tems such a; 05.5 - Tooon is that siged as a non-
welling, the uThe other i, for which
eturnonin
ng consumensumption o
r services carmation for gn a quota nd 40% for
out are petrone cannot
use productid employmcategories poses. For
ormation on ortion of milused to detere consumpti
llings, especrelated to
between majar maintena
een “… morut by ownerervices …” e current SNas intermed
e recorded ag part from nsumption
used in the d professioncult to disenwance for t
resents the s based on pKingdom’s
as 05.3 - Hools and equipgnificant on-distinguishuse of thesemportant cathe same po
nvestedcap
er durables uf fixed capi
an be own-
rol, t ion
ment and based
the les rmine on.
cially
ajor ance and re rs, (2008
NA, diate as final
nal may ntangle these
previous s ousehold pment
ne-off hable e ategory oint on
pital
used in ital is
accountconsumservices
C193.productfurniturpreferabgoods oCapital a returnInventoestimatithe cont
A194.purchastheir servalue ofprices oapplied model, life andis neveryear so durablecapacity
T195.consumestimatiinterest
4.2.2.3
T196.work ofand subthe houhousehorelated
B197.and thersome fothat theexamplor otherSimilarpurpose
12 Perpetu
ted for in thmption to invs will increa
Capital servition work ofre. As these ble to estimover their enservices co
n on the inveory Method ing the valutext of own
According toses, adjustedrvice life. Af capital for
of the fixed in a PIM: tthe value de
d then slowsr exhaustedthat goods
es, the latter y until they
he derivatiomption of fix
ing the returate on deb
Estimatio
he penultimf services wbsidies. In thusehold sectoold satelliteto the own-
By their veryrefore, taxeorms of taxey are linkede, some cour structures,ly, there maes of produc
ual Inventory
he activities vestment doase GDP, by
ces are relaf services, sgoods typic
mate a value ntire serviceonsist of theested capita(PIM).12 Th
ue of consumn-use produc
o this method for price c
Application rmation eacassets. Fina
the geometreclines in ab
s towards th. In the straihave no valmodel is mbreak and r
on of the retxed capital. rn on capita
bt securities
onoftaxes
mate adjustmwith an extenhe SNA, taxor accounts
e account fra-use product
y nature, owes on produces on produd to the produntries may , which in tuay taxes on ction, wheth
Method http:/
in which thoes not affecy adding to
ated to the usuch as houcally have aof the capit
e life, instea costs relate
al. They shohe PIM is inmption of fiction work o
od, the grosschanges andof the PIM h year (ii) t
ally, there arric and the sbsolute term
he end. Undeight-line molue left whe
more approprequire repl
turn on capiAs explaine
al used in ow issued by c
sandsubsi
ment in comnded producxes paid, ans as a stage oamework retion work o
wn-use products and servction that shduction of thextract taxe
urn are usedthe use of f
her such ass
//www.oecd.o
59
hese consumct GDP. Hothe value o
use of variousehold appla service liftal services ad of using ned to the depould both ben widespreaixed capitalof services.
s capital stod for the retirequires thr
the length ore two comm
straight-linems more shaer this approodel, a consen they are wriate, becau
lacement.
ital is required in Chaptwn-use prodcentral gove
idies
mpiling a satction boundd subsidies of the redistecognises thof services.
uction workvices are genhould be ache service fes based ond for own-ufixed assets sets are own
org/std/produc
mer durablesowever, the of own-use p
us consumerliances, motfe which goethat can be numbers onpreciation o
e estimated bad internatio, and this G
ock is calculirement of tree key piecf service lifmonly used
e depreciatioarply duringoach, the wstant amounwithdrawn fuse househo
red followiner 3, the recduction worernment.
tellite accoudary is the a
received bytribution of
hat some tax
k of servicenerally not rccounted forfor own finan the ownersuse productio
(vehicles, mned or rented
ctivity-stats/43
s are used. Tintroductionproduction w
r durables intor vehicleses beyond oderived fro
n their annuaof the relevaby applying
onal use for Guide recom
lated as the the durablesces of informfe and (iii) thd depreciatioon model. Ing the early p
whole initial nt of value ifrom the sto
old goods us
ng the calcucommendedrk of service
unt for own-adjustment ry householdf income. Hoxes and subs
s are not sorelevant. Hor, in so far aal use by theship or use oon work of machinery, d. Finally, c
3734711.pdf
The shift fron of capital work of serv
n own-use and some t
one year, it iom using theal purchaseant equipmeg the Perpetpurposes o
mmends its u
sum of pasts after the enmation: (i) the change ion functionsn the geomepart of the svalue of thes deducted ock. For housually serve
ulation of thd approach fes is to appl
-use producrequired for ds are recordowever, thissidies are di
ld on the mowever, therand for the se householdof land, buiservices. and equipmcertain licen
om
vices.
types of is e capital s. ent and tual f
use in
t nd of the in the s etric ervice e asset each usehold
e in full
he for ly the
ction taxes
ded in s irectly
market, re are share d. For ldings,
ment) for nses –
for instasome ca
Su198.productand therfor ownproduct
A199.prescribservicesownershall of thbenefit recordeactuallywith chCountri
4.2.2.4
T200.work ofAssumitechniqufor laboused forresultincompenthe casewould iservicesconsum4.3, in o
A201.valuingthat is dvaluingrow in trequire section
T202.extendeown-ushousekeconsum
ance paymeases be cons
ubsidies cantion. Subsidrefore requi
n-use productive activity
As every coube exactly ws. Howeverhip of a pro
hat tax burdeis paid for t
ed as a subsiy connectedhildren regaries should n
Valuingl
he final stepf services acing countrieue, the resu
our input” or the produc
ng operatingnsation for le of own-usinclude the s activities a
mer durablesorder not to
As outlined ig own-use prdirectly meag the volumethe proposean estimatealso provid
able 4.3 preed productioe productioeepers’ wag
mption expen
ents on the osidered a fo
n be classifidies for prodire no treatmction work
y and may b
untry adminwhich taxes , as a rule, i
oduct or asseen should bthe direct pridy for that
d to productirdless of whnot regard th
labourinp
p consists octivities, baes have adopulting value f the relevaction of goo
g income frolabour inpute productioimputed comand the retus. It is prefer lose inform
in Chapter 3roduction wasured, rathee of serviceed supply ane for the labdes a worked
esents the saon boundaryn work of a
ge rate of a £nditure by h
ownership oorm of taxat
fied into twoducts are noment. On thof services.e recorded
nisters its owand subsidi
if a househoet that used
be reallocaterovision of production.ion. For insthether that hhese as subs
puttoown‐
of attributingsed on the vpted the inpof labour in
ant activitiesods and servom the entert of the own
on work of smpensation
urn to capitarable, howe
mation.
3, the outpuwork of server the volums provided a
nd use framebour input cad example i
atellite accoy. First, it hiadult care se£8.55. Alsohouseholds
60
or use of vehtion.
o main typeot related to he other han. These paymas social be
wn system oies to includold pays taxin own-use
ed to the houown-use pr. Countries tance, somehousehold asidies on pro
‐useprodu
g a value tovaluation teput approachnput is addes. The balanvices of smarprise typicaner and famservices, then for time spal for the weever, to keep
ut approach vices. In thisme of servicat market prework. Couan do so byin paragraph
ount for ownighlights thervices are no, Table 4.3into interme
hicles and f
s – subsidieown-use prd, there arements need
enefits in ca
of taxes andde in own-u
x or receivese productionusehold sate
roduction wshould be c
e countries pactually careoduction.
uctionwork
o the hours sechniques prh, using timed to the rowncing item, “all-unincorpally consist
mily membere similarity pent on ownealth investep both items
is an alternas case, it is nces providedrices, which
untries that a residual ush 204:
n-use produat the 1,379now valued demonstratediation con
for hunting
es for produroduction w, in effect, sto be direct
ash in the SN
d benefits it use productis a benefit fn work of seellite accou
work of servicareful that pay a benefes for the ch
kofservice
spent on owresented in
me use data aw of “imput“mixed inco
porated entes of a mixturs, and an opis quite sign
n-use produced in the cas separate, a
ative to the not the valud. Output ish is insertedadopt the ousing the equ
uction work 9 million ho
at £11.8bn tes the allocnsumption o
or fishing c
ucts, and forwork of servisubsidies prtly linked toNA.
is not possiion work of for the use oervices, thenunt. Similarlices, this shthe benefit
fit to househhildren or no
es
wn-use produChapter 3. and a valuatted compenome”, is noerprises, whure of (implperating surnificant, as ction work
apital stock oas is done in
input approue of labours estimated bd into the relutput approa
uation below
of servicesours worked
using a notcation of finof own-use
could in
r ices,
rovided o the
ible to for n part or ly, if a
hould be is
holds ot.
uction
tion sation rmally
here the licit) rplus. In it of of n Table
oach for r input by levant ach but
w. This
with an d in tional
nal
productequipmservices£7.8bn
T203.of produadult caelementunder “for adulcapital aimputedadded tointerme
T204.to £323consumvalue adand impoutput aresidualintermecapital (means tconductsuch as in ChapGuide r
Se205.headlinsequenc
tion work ofment) is now
s. As a resuin Table 4.3
he intermeduction workare services t of adult caOther taxeslt care. As iassociated wd compensaogether wit
ediation con
able 4.3 sho.1bn, comp
mption. Coundded by addputed compapproach cal process. U
ediate consu(£1.0bn) frothat theoretit a time-usegender and
pter 3, carryrecommend
ection 4.2.4e measures.ce of extend
f services. F accounted lt, £25.9bn 3.
diate consumk of service there are £3
are - and £1s on productindicated in with adult cation for labh the subsid
nsumption g
ows that theprising of £3ntries that uding togetheensation for
an derive esUsing the figumption (£2om output (ically, coune survey. Hod age dimenying out the s the input a
4 will explai. Before thaded househo
For instancefor in the pof final con
mption coluactivities. F
32.1bn of o5.4bn of metion minus oAnnex 4.3
care. As sucbour input todies, equalligenerates £6
e output of o300.4bn of guse the inputer estimatesr labour. Hotimates of t
gures in Tab22.7bn), con£323.1bn),
ntries could owever, thisnsions – abo
output apprapproach an
in the princat, the Guideold sector ac
61
e, £18.1bn oroduction o
nsumption e
umns also reFor instancewn-use traveal servicesother subsidthere is no h, the calcu
o own-use ping £10.5bn60.3bn of ou
own-use progross value t approach w
s of consumowever, as ethe imputedble 4.3, this nsumption owhich equaobtain a val
s is a macroout the peoproach posesnd time-use
iple changee will explaccounts.
of fuel (recoof own-use pexpenditure
ecord all of e, in the owvel services s. Further, indies on prodconsumptio
ulated gross production wn. Adding thutput.
oduction woadded and £will have ge
mption of fixexplained e
d compensatwould be a
of fixed capials £279.8bnlue of labou
o total and ple doing the
s many chaldata collec
es to the tradain the final
orded in opeproduction wof fuel in T
the inputs fwn-use produ
– reflectingn the exampduction”, reon of fixed cvalue adde
work of aduhis with £49
ork of trave£22.7bn of enerated the
xed capital, rarlier, countion for laboachieved by ital (£19.6bn for the labur input withprovides little work. Furtlenges, whi
ction.
ditional natistep of dev
eration of trwork of tran
Table 4.2 red
from other ouction workg the transpple, there is flecting subcapital or red is simply
ult care serv9.9bn of
l services amintermediate value of greturn to ca
ntries that adour input thrsubtractingn), and retu
bour input. Thout needinle informatither, as discich is why th
ional accounveloping a fu
ransport nsport duces to
own-use k of ortation -£1.3bn
bsidies eturn to the ices
mounts te
gross apital, dopt the rough a
g urn to This
ng to ion – cussed his
nt ull
62
Table 4.3 Simplified use table at purchasers' prices (impact of extending the production boundary)
£billions M
anuf
actu
ring
Tra
nspo
rt
and
stor
age
Of w
hich
: P
ass
enge
r
land
tra
nspo
rt
Ow
n-us
e
pro
duct
ion
w
ork
of t
rave
l se
rvic
es
Hum
an
heal
th
and
soci
al
wor
k a
ctiv
ities
Of w
hich
: R
esid
entia
l ca
re a
ctiv
ities
Ow
n-us
e
Pro
duct
ion
wor
k of
adu
lt ca
re s
ervi
ces
…
To
tal
inte
rmed
iate
u
ses
Fin
al
cons
umpt
ion
ex
pend
iture
b
y ho
use
hold
s
…
Gro
ss c
apita
l fo
rmat
ion
Tot
al e
xpor
ts
Tot
al f
inal
u
ses
at
purc
hase
rs'
pric
es
To
tal u
se a
t
pu
rch
aser
s'
pri
ces
Agriculture, forestry and fishery products 9.7 0.1 0.0 - 0.0 0.0 - 14.0 14.2 1.0 2.1 17.3 31.3
Ores and minerals; electricity, gas and water 17.9 6.7 1.7 - 2.1 0.6 - 112.9 48.4 -0.6 12.5 60.3 173.2
of which: Water supply and miscellaneous services relating to the dwelling - - - - - - - 2.8 1.8 - - 1.8 7.3
of which: Electricity, gas and other fuels - - - - - - - 6.2 2.4 - - 2.4 14.5
of which: Operation of personal transport equipment - - - 18.1 - - - 18.1 7.8 - - 7.8 25.9
Food products, beverages and tobacco; textiles, apparel and leather products 15.8 0.6 0.2 - 2.1 0.6 - 120.3 23.8 0.8 14.7 39.3 157.3 of which: Food products for the preparation of home meals - - - - - - - 71.4 - - - - 71.4 … Other transportable goods, except metal products, machinery and equipment 120.2 4.0 1.0 - 18.0 5.3 - 265.0 125.5 32.3 137.8 307.1 572.1
of which: Glassware, tableware and household utensils - - - - - - - 0.6 5.2 - - 5.2 5.8
of which: Tools and equipment for house and gardens - - - - - - - 0.3 0.0 0.2 - 0.2 0.6 … Metal products, machinery and equipment 18.7 1.3 88.9 - 0.5 0.1 - 32.7 8.3 37.2 20.7 34.3 45.7
of which: Household appliances - - - - - - - 0.7 0.2 1.2 - 1.3 2.0 of which: Transport equipment - - - - - - - - 7.9 21.7 - 29.6 29.6 Constructions and construction services 2.0 2.1 0.5 - 0.8 0.2 - 89.5 1.3 102.6 2.1 106.1 195.5
of which: Maintenance and repair of the dwelling - - - - - - - 1.8 1.2 - - 1.2 4.8 …. Own-use production work of clothing services - - - - - - - 0.2 4.2 - - - - Own-use production work of travel services - - - - - - 32.1 105.9 214.9 - - - - Own-use production work of meal services - - - - - - 15.4 33.9 308.5 - - - - Own-use production work of housing services - - - - - - 1.7 45.7 123.6 - - - - … Total 228.5 64.2 105.6 22.7 56.5 16.6 49.9 1444.3 1995.7 288.9 375.1 1712.5 3002.4 Total Compensation of employees 81.9 37.6 6.5 - 68.2 26.9 - 674.5 Other taxes on production minus other subsidies on production 12.5 4.0 8.2 - 2.4 8.2 -1.3 39.2 Consumption of fixed capital 19.1 10.0 2.9 19.6 3.6 1.5 - 166.0 Operating surplus and mixed income, net 23.3 7.5 2.2 280.8 18.1 7.4 11.8 1261.8 Return to capital 23.3 7.5 2.2 1.0 18.1 7.4 - 365.0 Imputed comp for labour to own-use production work of services - - - 279.8 - - 11.8 896.8 Value added, gross 136.7 59.1 19.8 300.4 92.2 43.9 10.5 2141.5 Output 365.2 123.4 125.4 323.1 148.8 60.5 60.3 3585.8 million hours - - - - - - - Total hours Hours worked in paid employment 5,004 2,173 913 - 6,154 1,127 - 67,716 Hours worked on education and training - - - - - - - 14,423 Hours worked in own-use production work of services - - - 32,737 - - 1,379 104,925 Leisure time - - - - - - - 118,203 Other activities n.e.c. - - - - - - - 140,379
* Please note that the sub classification of COICOP-groups is only an approximation, for illustrative purposes. Not the whole COICOP (sub)group may fall within the perimeters of the main heading of the use table.
4.2
T206.combinaccountenhanceincomesubset opreparahouseho
2.3 Seque
his section ning: a) ownts. One of thed insight p, and the saof own-use ation, and caold sector a
enceofe
describes thn-use produche main ben
provided intovings ratio.production
are and launccounts, sim
extended
he derivatioction work onefits of dero traditiona The exampwork of ser
ndry. The firmilar to the
63
househo
on of the extof services riving an exal national aple is based rvices activrst step requinformation
oldaccou
tended housaccounts an
xtended sequaccount vari
on fictionaities – thoseuires collatin reported in
unts
sehold sectond b) SNA huence of accables such a
al data, and ie relating toing informatn Table 4.4
or accounts household scounts is thas disposabis limited to
o housing, mtion from S.
by sector e le
o a meal
NA
64
Table 4.4 Example of household sector accounts
Household sector accountsProduction account Use of disposable income account
Output 2,892 Disposable income 8,027
Intermediate consumption 1,206 Individual consumption expenditure 8,216
Value added, gross 1,686 Adjustment for the change in pension entitlements 7
Consumption of fixed capital 624 Saving -182
Value added, net 1,062
Use of adjusted disposable income account
Generation of income account Adjusted disposable income 10,803
Value added, net 1,062 Actual individual consumption 10,992
Compensation of employees 96 Adjustment for the change in pension entitlements 7
Taxes on production and imports 40 Saving -182
Subsidies on production -165
Operating surplus/Mixed income 1,091 Capital account
Saving -182
Allocation of primary income account Gross fixed capital formation 1,006
Operating surplus/Mixed income 1,091 Consumption of fixed capital -624
Compensation of employees 8,098 Net acquisition of non-produced assets -4
Property income, received 894 Changes in inventories -3
Property income, paid 236 Acquisition of valuables 6
Balance of primary incomes 9,847 Capital transfers, receivable 25
Capital transfers, payable -51
Secondary distribution of income account Net lending (+)/net borrowing(-) -589
Balance of primary incomes 9,847
Current transfers, received 2,936
Current transfers, paid 4,756
Disposable income 8,027
Redistribution of income in kind account
Disposable income 8,027
Social transfers in kind 2,776
Adjusted disposable income 10,803
T207.relevantAccounnon-SNdisposaand dist
Table 4Househseparat
Primary
Product
Imputed for labouuse prodservices
Imputed occupiedown-accconstruc
Productioagricultuown usefishing eTaxes onand impoSubsidieproductio
Value adConsumcapital
Value ad
Intermedconsump
Output
T208.work ofproductcomparboundarproductand £52constru
he process t informatio
nts estimatesNA, to derivable incometinguishing
4.5 hold produtely
function
tion account
compensation ur input to own-duction work of
rent of owner-d dwellings and ount
ction
on of ral products for, hunting, tc. n production orts
es on on
dded, net ption of fixed
dded, gross
diate ption
able 4.5 higf meal servition work ofred with £11ry). Similartion outside25m of activction).
of compilinon from the s. The aim ie measures . Table 4.5 them by wh
ction accou
Householhousingservices(SNA andnon-SNA
SNA noSN
2,0
525
r
36 3
561 2,0
361 24
922 2,2
616 99
1,538 3,2
ghlights botices. For insf meal servi1m productirly, own-usee of the SNAvity within t
ng an extendSNA accou
is to combinof total extpresents thehether they
unt, version
ld g s d
A)
Househmeal
preparat(SNA anon-SN
on-NA
SNA nS
034
1,
11
3 1
037 12 1,
40 5
277 17 2,
96 8 8
273 25 2,
h the SNA stance, the iices is £1,98ion of own-e productionA boundary the product
65
ded sequencunts, and cone all formstended house first step -are SNA or
n 1: SNA an
old l tion nd
NA)
Own-uproduc
work laundservic
non-SNA
non-SNA
,982 707
4 1
,986 708
75 24
,061 732
822 77
,883 809
and non-SNimputed com82m (outsid-use agricultn work of h(activities sion boundar
ce of accounombining wis of househosehold outpu- simply repr non-SNA
nd non-SN
use tion of
dry ces
Ownprodu
work oserv
(child, and
- A
noSN
94
2
-9
84
24
87
10
97
NA componmpensation de of SNA ptural produc
housing servsuch as cleary (imputed
nts involvesith Househoold productiut, and laterporting housactivities.
NA producti
-use uction of care vices
adult, pet)
on- NA
TotaSNA
41
52
1
2 3
94
49 57
4 36
73 93
05 62
78 1,56
nents of ownfor labour i
production bcts (inside Svices constitaning and ’dd rentals and
s gathering told Satelliteion, both SNr, adjusted sehold prod
ion estimat
Total
al A
Total non-SNA
hopr
0 5,664
5 0
1 0
7 10
0 -94
3 5,580
6 363
9 5,943
4 2,000
3 7,943
n-use produinput to ownboundary) SNA productutes £2,034do-it-yoursed own-accou
the e NA, and
duction,
ted
Total ousehold roduction
5,664
525
11
47
-94
6,153
729
6,882
2,624
9,506
ction n-use
ction 4m of elf’), unt
T209.househogross va
Table 4Househhouseh
Primary
Product
Imputed for labouuse prodservices
Owner-odwellingsconstruc
Agricultufor own ufishing e
Taxes onand impo
Subsidieproductio
Value ad
Consumcapital
Value ad
Intermedconsump
Output
able 4.6 conold meal prealue added
4.6 hold produhold meal se
function
tion account
compensation ur input to own-duction work of
occupied s, own-account
ction
ural products use, hunting, tc.
n production orts
es on on
dded, net
ption of fixed
dded, gross
diate ption
ntinues the eparation sois £2,078m
ction accouervices
Householhousing
services (Sand non-SN
non-SNA
S
2,034
5
3 3
2,037 5
240 3
2,277 9
996 6
3,273 1,5
example byo that total o.
unt, version
ld g SNA NA)
Househld mea
preparaon (SNAand non
SNA)
NA SNA +
non-SNA
1,982
25
11
36 5
61 1,998
61 80
22 2,078
16 830
538 2,908
66
y combiningoutput from
n 2: SNA an
hoal atiA n-
Own-use production work
of laundry services
A non- SNA
707
1
708
24
732
77
809
g both SNAm the househ
nd non-SN
Own-use production
work of care
services (child,
adult, and pet)
non- SNA
941
2
-94
849
24
873
105
978
A and non-SNhold sector i
NA producti
Total SNA (adjusted
when calculating extended accounts)
0
525
11
37
0
573
366
940
623
1,563
NA elementis £2,908m
ion combin
Total
Total non- SNA
hopro
5,664
0
0
10
-94
5,580
363
5,942
2,001
7,943
ts of and
ned for
Total ousehold oduction
5,664
525
11
47
-94
6,153
729
6,882
2,624
9,506
67
Table 4.7 Sequence of extended accounts
USES RESOURCES Household production Household production Housing Housing
Total
, exte
nded
hous
ehold
ac
coun
ts
Total
Impu
ted re
nt of
owne
r-oc
cupie
d dwe
llings
and
own-
acco
unt c
onstr
uctio
n
Othe
r own
-use
prod
uctio
n wo
rk of
hous
ing se
rvice
s
Own-
use p
rodu
ction
wor
k of
meal
servi
ces
Own-
use p
rodu
ction
wor
k of
laund
ry se
rvice
s
Own-
use p
rodu
ction
wor
k of
care
servi
ces (
child
, ad
ult, a
nd pe
t)
Adjus
tmen
ts (S
NA-n
on-
SNA)
Hous
ehol
d ac
coun
ts b
y SN
A Transactions and balancing items
Hous
ehol
d ac
coun
ts b
y SN
A
Adjus
tmen
ts (S
NA-n
on-
SNA)
Own-
use p
rodu
ction
wor
k of
care
servi
ces (
child
, ad
ult, a
nd pe
t)
Own-
use p
rodu
ction
wor
k of
laund
ry se
rvice
s
Own-
use p
rodu
ction
wor
k of
meal
servi
ces
Othe
r own
-use
prod
uctio
n wo
rk of
hous
ing se
rvice
s
Impu
ted re
nt of
owne
r-oc
cupie
d dwe
llings
and
own-
acco
unt c
onstr
uctio
n
Total
Total
, exte
nded
hous
ehold
ac
coun
ts
Production account Output 2,892 -1,563 978 809 2,908 3,273 1,538 9,506 10,835
3,207 2,624 616 996 830 77 105 -623 1,206 Intermediate consumption 7,628 6,882 922 2,277 2,078 732 873 -940 1,686 Value added, gross
987 729 361 240 80 24 24 -366 624 Consumption of fixed capital
6,641 6,153 561 2,037 1,998 708 849 -574 1,062 Value added, net
Generation of income account
Value added, net 1,062 -574 849 708 1,998 2,037 561 6,153 6,641
5,760 5,664 0 2,034 1,982 707 941 0 96 Compensation of employees
49 47 36 3 5 1 2 -38 40 Taxes on production and imports
-259 -94 0 0 0 0 -94 0 -165 Subsidies on production
1,091 536 525 0 11 0 0 -536 1,091 Operating surplus/Mixed income
Allocation of primary income account
Operating surplus/Mixed income 1,091 -536 536 1,091
Compensation of employees 8,098 0 5,664 13,762
236 236 Property income 894 894
15,511 6,200 -536 9,847 Balance of primary incomes
68
Secondary distribution of income account
Balance of primary incomes 9,847 -536 6,200 15,511
4,747 -47 38 4,756 Current transfers 2,936 0 -94 2,842 13,606 6,153 -574 8,027 Disposable income
Redistribution of income in kind account
Disposable income 8,027 -574 6,153 13,606 Social transfers in kind 2,776 2,776
16,382 6,153 -574 10,803 Adjusted disposable income
Use of disposable income account
Disposable income 8,027 -574 6,153 13,606
13,714 9,506 -4,008 8,216 Individual consumption expenditure
Adjustment for the change in pension entitlements 7 7
-101 -3,353 3,434 -182 Saving
Use of adjusted disposable income account
Adjusted disposable income 10,803 -574 6,153 16,382
16,490 9,506 -4,008 10,992 Actual individual consumption
Adjustment for the change in pension entitlements 7 7
-101 -3,353 3,434 -182 Saving Capital account Saving -182 3,434 -3,353 -101
1,450 1,113 664 333 67 33 16 -669 1,006 Gross fixed capital formation
-987 -729 -361 -240 -80 -24 -24 366 -624 Consumption of fixed capital
69
-4 -4 Net acquisition of non-produced assets
-3 -3 Changes in inventories 6 6 Acquisition of valuables
Capital transfers, receivable 25 25
Capital transfers, payable -51 -51
-589 -3,737 3,737 -589 Net lending (+)/net borrowing(-)
T210.informaFor eacuse prodaccountimputedSNA. Textendehousehofor S.14already extendeproducthand sidbalancethe next
O211.intermeuses is ngenerat
T212.side. Th(which input msurplusesuch as
O213.and proside. Cocontribucontainand useproductto own-
O214.balanceappear oown-uschildcarmoved made onwork ofhouseho
13 When uof costs: added, neservices c
he final stagation containh of accounduction worts, and then d rents of ow
Therefore, sued householold satellite4 and “Adjuincluded in
ed householtion accountde highlightes between rt account.
On the produediate consunet value adion of incom
he generatiohese are comis negative)
method in thees deviate fagriculture
On the next aoperty incomompensationutions that hs only prop
es is the balation work of-use produc
On the secone of primaryon the use se productiore is recordefrom currenn the use sidf services. Iolds to gove
using input mvalue added, net being the bacalculations a
ges involvened within h
nts detailed rk of servicoverlappin
wner-occupubtracting thld sector acce account caustments (SNn SNA calculd accounts”ts and contits the resouresources an
uction accouumption anddded, whichme account
on of incommpensation ) and as a bae valuation
from zero one, fishing an
account, allome received n of employhouseholds erty incomeance of primf services ition work o
ndary distriby incomes onside. The ren work of sed as subsidnt transfers de due to exn the SNA, ernment are
method for calc
net + consumpalancing item)
and can be add
deriving thhousehold sin Table 4.7es are adde
ng transactiopied dwellinhese transaccounts. In thalculations, “NA-non-SNulations. Th”. The sequeinues up to t
urces, while nd uses, cal
unt, outputsd consumptih is recorded.13
me account sof employealancing iteof househo
nly in activind own-acco
ocation of pby househo
yees consistreceive from
es payable bmary incomeis not shownof services b
bution of incn the resoursult is dispo
services are dies to own-to the generxtending the some paym
e sub-divide
culating own-u
mption of fixed), but these figded in here as
70
he full sequesector accou7, and explad to corresp
ons subtractngs that beloctions avoidhe example “Household
NA)” for owhe result of cence of houthe capital athe left-hanled balancin
s are shown ion of fixedd as opening
shows the bees, taxes onem, net operld services,ities that beount housing
primary incoolds are addts of wages m the otherby householes. Note than by activitybut are recei
come accource side andosable incomnegative be-use producration of ince production
ments (e.g., ed into curre
use productiond capital + integures are alreasuch.
ence of accounts and Hoained more ponding traned. Overlap
ong to the scds double acprovided th
d accounts bwn-use producalculations
usehold sectaccounts. Fnd side of acng items, fo
as resourced capital. Thg resources
breakdown on productionrating surplu, in most holong to the g.
ome accounded to operaand salaries
r sectors of tlds. The difat in the exay due to theivable/paya
unt, current d current trame. In resouecause govection work ocome accoun boundary payments reent transfers
n work of servermediate conady received i
ounts from tousehold Sabelow, trannsactions inpping transacope of prodccounting where is a colby SNA” fouction works is in the cotor accountsor each accccounts disporm the open
es and the uhe balance o
in the next
of net valuen, subsidiesus. Due to t
ousehold actscope of SN
nt, compensating surplus as well as the economfference betwample provie incomes thable by hous
transfers aransfers payaurces, curreernment assof services,unt. A simila
to cover owelated to pris and taxes
vices, the outpsumption (insin the own-use
the combinatellite Acconsactions onn the SNA sactions includuction in t
when derivinlumn - “Totor sector acck of serviceolumn “Tots starts fromount, the rigplays the usning resour
ses are of resources
account,
e added on ts on productthe applicatitivities, opeNA product
sation of ems on the resrelated soc
my. The use sween the reided, own-uhat are not rseholds over
re added to table by housnt transfersistance for and therefoar adjustmewn-use prodivate cars) mon producti
put is actuallystead of the vae production w
ed ounts. n own-ector ude the the ng tal” - for counts s tal,
m ght-ses. The ce for
and
the use tion ion of rating ion
mployees ource
cial side
esources use related rall.
the seholds to
ore, ent is duction made by ion
y the sum alue work of
dependiextensioreflecte
T215.work offreely odisposa
T216.which ithe chanthe indiwork ofactivitiehousingconsumused in product(househIntermecapital f
Fo217.disposafor the cactual intransferonly difthe adju
Fo218.are grosuse prodcapital fsubtractfixed caextendeadditionfor ownA sequeexampl
ing whetheron of the pr
ed as negativ
he redistribf services. Sor at reducedable income
he opening s the balancnge in pensividual consf services. Tes already bg) have to b
mption that aintermediat
ts belonginghold machinediate consuformation a
or the adjusable income change in pndividual cors in kind. Cfference betusted dispos
or the capitss fixed capduction worformation ated to end uapital is extred householnal own-usen use and thence of houe provided
r they are reroduction bove transactio
bution of incSocial transfd prices are .
resource ofcing item ofion entitlemsumption exTo end up tobelonging toe subtracted
are related tote consumpg to gross finery, etc.), oumption canappears in th
sted disposaextracted fr
pension entitonsumption
Compared totween the acsable incom
al account, pital formatirk of servic
and capital iup to extendracted fromld accounts e productione other chan
usehold sectoin Table 4.2
elated to hououndary, theon on the us
come accoufers in kind simply add
f the use of f the second
ments from txpenditure fo extended ho the SNA pd as well as o own-use p
ption (ingredixed capital otherwise a n be extractehe last accou
able incomefrom the redtlements is
n consists ofo the previoccounts is th
me account.
the relevanion and cones, recordedincluded in ded gross fix
m the producequals net l
n work of senges in accoor accounts2 and Table
71
usehold cone share of tase side of th
unt has no disuch as hea
ded to dispo
disposable dary distributhe SNA cofrom the SNhousehold cproduction b
those expenproduction wdients for foformation idouble coued from the unt, capital
e account, thdistribution added againf household
ous account,hat social tr
nt transactionsumption od here by acboth sets (a
xed capital fction accounlending/ netervices has ounts are bas is presentee 4.3.
nsumption oaxes on prodhe account.
irect connecalth and edu
osable incom
income accution of incoore accountsNA core systconsumptionboundary (snditures witwork of ser
ood preparatin the exten
unting wouldproductionaccount. Th
he opening rof income in to resourcd consumpti, saving remransfers in k
ns for the exf fixed capictivity, is adacquisition oformation ont. Net lendit borrowingneutral effe
asically onlyed in Table 4
or business. duction incr
ction with oucation servmes to end u
count is dispome accouns is added totem and own expendituuch as ownthin the SN
rvices. Thostion, deterg
nded househd occur in th
n account anhe balancin
resource is in kind accoces. On the uon expendit
mains unchakind are add
xtended houital. Capital dded to the of dwellingsof householding/ net bor
g in the coreect because y reallocatio4.4, based o
As a resultreases, whic
own-use provices receiveup to adjuste
posable incont. Adjustmeo it. The use
wn-use produure, outputs ner-occupiedNA householse are produents, etc.) a
hold accounthe system.)nd gross fixeng item is sa
adjusted ount. Adjustuse side, theture and soc
anged becauded to both
usehold accacquired fo
SNA gross s particularlds. Consumrrowing of te accounts - of being proons of transon the nume
t of the ch is
oduction ed ed
ome, ent for es are uction of
d ld ucts and ts . ed
aving.
tment e SNA cial
use the sides of
counts or own-fixed ly) is
mption of the the oduced
sactions. erical
4.2
O219.productservicesbecausehand, itown-usshifting
G220.with thechangesinvestm
It221.disposahampermore traacknowLookingcountersay 70%Also at economsuch anhours w
2.4 Impa
Overall, the ition work ofs from conse of the addt decreases be productio
g of consum
Going furthee increase os in disposa
ments, thus l
t is clear thaable incomer a comparisaditional co
wledge the (ag at a microrintuitive inc% of his pre
a macro-levmic crisis win event was worked on o
actonnat
impact on Gf services eq
sumer durabitional consbecause of tn of service
mer durables
er down the of GDP. Houable income leaving net l
at the extens, final consuson with mioncept of incadditional) po-level, extecrease of invious incomvel, somethith quickly inot found inwn-use pro
tionalacc
GDP of extequals the to
bles. Final csumption ofthe alternaties work, whto gross fix
SNA, primuseholds’ gand final c
lending/net
sion of the pumption andcro-data frocome is appproblems in
ending the pncome, whenme as a socihing similar increasing rn the numbduction wo
72
countvar
ending the potal of impuconsumptionf own-use prive recordinhich adds to xed capital f
mary incomegross savingonsumptionborrowing
production bd investmenom income plied. In thisn interpretinproduction bn someone, ial benefit, acould happ
rates of unemers after therk of servic
riables
production bted mixed in expenditurroduction w
ng of goods intermedia
formation.
of the hous increases in
n expenditurunaffected.
boundary nonts. Unless surveys of hs respect, it ng income dboundary, mfor exampl
and starts dopen, for exammploymente 2008 crisices activities
boundary wncome and re of househ
work of servand service
ate consump
sehold secton line with re, and equa.
ot only affeclearly distihouseholds,is also imp
developmenmay actuallyle, gets unemoing additiomple in the , although cs, as the avas were incon
with own-usethe total caholds will in
vices. On thes used duription, and th
or increasesthe balanceals the incre
ects GDP, buinguished, t, in which a
portant to nts of househy lead to a qmployed, reonal work ataftermath o
clear evidenailable numnclusive.
e apital ncrease e other ing he
in par e of the ease in
ut also this may a much
holds. quite eceives t home.
of an nce of
mbers on
73
Annex4.1:AllocationofCOICOPcodestointermediateandfinalconsumption,andhouseholdcapital
COICOP Classifica-tion
Commodity Intermedi-ate con-sumption
Final con-sumption
Household Capital
01.1.1 Bread and cereals (ND) X X 01.1.2 Meat (ND) X 01.1.3 Fish (ND) X 01.1.4 Milk, cheese and eggs (ND) X 01.1.5 Oils and fats (ND) X 01.1.6 Fruit (ND) X 01.1.7 Vegetables (ND) X X 01.1.8 Sugar, jam, honey, chocolate and confectionery (ND) X X 01.1.9 Food products n.e.c. (ND) X 01.2.1 Coffee, tea and cocoa (ND) X
01.2.2 Mineral waters, soft drinks, fruit and vegetable juices (ND)
X
02.1.1 Spirits (ND) X 02.1.2 Wine (ND) X 02.1.3 Beer (ND) X 02.2.0 Tobacco (ND) X 02.3.0 Narcotics (ND) X 03.1.1 Clothing materials (SD) X 03.1.2 Garments (SD) X
03.1.3 Other articles of clothing and clothing accessories (SD)
X X
03.1.4 Cleaning, repair and hire of clothing (S) X 03.2.1 Shoes and other footwear (SD) X 03.2.2 Repair and hire of footwear (S) X 04.1.1 Actual rentals paid by tenants (S) X 04.1.2 Other actual rentals (S) X 04.2.1 Imputed rentals of owner-occupiers (S) 04.2.2 Other imputed rentals (S)
04.3.1 Materials for the maintenance and repair of the dwelling (ND)
X
04.3.2 Services for the maintenance and repair of the dwelling (S)
X
04.4.1 Water supply (ND) X 04.4.2 Refuse collection (S) X 04.4.3 Sewerage collection (S) X 04.4.4 Other services relating to the dwelling n.e.c. (S) X 04.5.1 Electricity (ND) X 04.5.2 Gas (ND) X 04.5.3 Liquid fuels (ND) X 04.5.4 Solid fuels (ND) X 04.5.5 Heat energy (ND) X 05.1.1 Furniture and furnishings (D) X 05.1.2 Carpets and other floor coverings (D) X 05.2.0 Household textiles (SD) X
05.3.1 Major household appliances whether electric or not (D)
X
05.3.2 Small electric household appliances (SD) X 05.3.3 Repair of household appliances X 05.4.0 Glassware, tableware and household utensils (SD) X 05.5.1 Major tools and equipment (D) X
74
COICOP Classifica-tion
Commodity Intermedi-ate con-sumption
Final con-sumption
Household Capital
05.5.2 Small tools and miscellaneous accessories (SD) X 05.6.1 Non-durable household goods (ND) X 05.6.2 Domestic services and household services (S) X 06.1.1 Pharmaceutical products (ND) X 06.1.2 Other medical products (ND) X 06.1.3 Therapeutic appliances and equipment (D) X 06.2.1 Medical Services (S) X 06.2.2 Dental services (S) X 06.2.3 Paramedical services (S) X 06.3.0 Hospital services (S) X 07.1.1 Motor cars (D) X 07.1.2 Motor cycles (D) X 07.1.3 Bicycles (D) X 07.1.4 Animal drawn vehicles (D) X
07.2.1 Spare parts and accessories for personal transport equipment (SD)
X
07.2.2 Fuels and lubricants for personal transport equipment (ND)
X
07.2.3 Maintenance and repair of personal transport equipment (S)
X
07.2.4 Other services in respect of personal transport equipment (S)
X
07.3.1 Passenger transport by railway (S) X 07.3.2 Passenger transport by road (S) X 07.3.3 Passenger transport by air (S) X 07.3.4 Passenger transport by sea and inland waterway (S) X 07.3.5 Combined passenger transport (S) X 07.3.6 Other purchased transport services (S) X 08.1.0 Postal services (S) X 08.2.0 Telephone and telefax equipment (D) X 08.3.0 Telephone and telefax services (S) X
09.1.1 Equipment for the reception, recording and reproduction of sound and pictures (D)
X
09.1.2 Photographic and cinematographic equipment and optical instruments (D)
X
09.1.3 Information processing equipment (D) X 09.1.4 Recording media (SD) X
09.1.5 Repair of audio-visual, photographic and information processing equipment (S)
X
09.2.1 Major durables for outdoor recreation (D) X
09.2.2 Musical instruments and major durables for indoor recreation (D)
X
09.2.3 Maintenance and repair of other major durables for recreation and culture (S)
X
09.3.1 Games, toys and hobbies (SD) X
09.3.2 Equipment for sport, camping and open-air recreation (SD)
X
09.3.3 Gardens, plants and flowers (ND) X 09.3.4 Pets and related products (ND) X 09.3.5 Veterinary and other services for pets (S) X 09.4.1 Recreational and sporting services (S) X 09.4.2 Cultural services (S) X 09.4.3 Games of chance (S) X 09.5.1 Books (SD) X 09.5.2 Newspapers and periodicals (ND) X
75
COICOP Classifica-tion
Commodity Intermedi-ate con-sumption
Final con-sumption
Household Capital
09.5.3 Miscellaneous printed matter (ND) X 09.5.4 Stationery and drawing materials (ND) X 09.6.0 Package holidays (S) X 10 Education X 10.1.0 Pre-primary and primary education (S) X 10.2.0 Secondary education (S) X 10.3.0 Post-secondary non-tertiary education (S) X 10.4.0 Tertiary education (S) X 10.5.0 Education not definable by level (S) X 11.1.1 Restaurants, cafés and the like (S) X 11.1.2 Canteens (S) X 11.2.0 Accommodation services (S) X
12.1.1 Hairdressing salons and personal grooming establishments (S)
X
12.1.2 Electric appliances for personal care (SD) X
12.1.3 Other appliances, articles and products for personal care (ND)
X X
12.2.0 Prostitution (S) X 12.3.1 Jewellery, clocks and watches (D) X 12.3.2 Other personal effects (SD) X X 12.4.0 Social protection (S) X 12.5.1 Life insurance (S) X 12.5.2 Insurance connected with the dwelling (S) X 12.5.3 Insurance connected with health (S) X 12.5.4 Insurance connected with transport (S) X X 12.5.5 Other insurance (S) X 12.6.2 Other financial services n.e.c. (S) X 12.7.0 Other services n.e.c. (S) X
76
Annex4.2:Allocationofintermediateconsumptiontoown‐useproductionworkofservicesactivities
Own-use production work of service activity
COICOP Classification
Commodity Care services
Nutrition services
Clothing services
Travel services
Housing services
01.1.1 Bread and cereals (ND) X 01.1.2 Meat (ND) X 01.1.3 Fish (ND) X 01.1.4 Milk, cheese and eggs (ND) X 01.1.5 Oils and fats (ND) X 01.1.6 Fruit (ND) X 01.1.7 Vegetables (ND) X
01.1.8 Sugar, jam, honey, chocolate and confectionery
X
01.1.9 Food products n.e.c. (ND) X 01.2.1 Coffee, tea and cocoa (ND) X 03.1.1 Clothing materials (SD) X
03.1.3 Other articles of clothing and clothing access
X
04.1.1 Actual rentals paid by tenants (S) X
04.3.1 Materials for the maintenance and repair
X
04.3.2 Services for the maintenance and repair
X
04.4.1 Water supply (ND) X 04.4.2 Refuse collection (S) X 04.4.3 Sewerage collection (S) X
04.4.4 Other services relating to the dwelling n.e.c.
04.5.1 Electricity (ND) X 04.5.2 Gas (ND) X 04.5.3 Liquid fuels (ND) X 04.5.4 Solid fuels (ND) X 04.5.5 Heat energy (ND)
05.1.3 Repair of furniture, furnishings and floor cov.
X
05.2.0 Household textiles (SD) X
05.3.2 Small electric household appliances (SD)
X
05.3.3 Repair of household appliances (S) X X X
05.4.0 Glassware, tableware and household utensils (S
X
05.5.2 Small tools and miscellaneous accessories (SD)
X
05.6.1 Non-durable household goods (ND) X X X
05.6.2 Domestic services and household services (S)
X
07.2.1 Spare parts and accessories for personal transport
X
07.2.2 Fuels and lubricants for personal transport equipment
X
07.2.3 Maintenance and repair of personal transport equipment
X
77
Own-use production work of service activity
COICOP Classification
Commodity Care services
Nutrition services
Clothing services
Travel services
Housing services
07.2.4 Other services in respect of personal transport
X
09.3.3 Gardens, plants and flowers (ND) X
12.1.3 Other appliances, articles and products for personal care
X
12.3.2 Other personal effects (SD) X
12.5.2 Insurance connected with the dwelling (S)
X
12.5.4 Insurance connected with transport (S) X
78
Annex4.3:Allocationofhouseholdcapitaltoown‐useproductionworkofservicesactivities
COICOP classification
Description Divided into: Principal function Asset life length
05.1.1 Furniture & furnishings
Own-use production work of housing services
15
05.1.2 Carpets etc. Own-use production work of housing services
10
05.3.1 Major HH appliances
Cookers Own-use production work of nutrition services
12
Microwaves Own-use production work of nutrition services
7
Fridges & freezers
Own-use production work of nutrition services
11
Dishwashers Own-use production work of nutrition services
9
Washing machines & driers
Own-use production work of clothing services
9
Fires, showers, vacuum cleaners etc.
Own-use production work of housing services
8
05.5.1 Major tools & equipment
Own-use production work of housing services
7
07.1.1 Motor cars New Own-use production work of transport services
13
Second hand Own-use production work of transport services
11
07.1.2 Motor cycles Own-use production work of transport services
10
07.1.3 Bicycles Own-use production work of transport services
9
79
Annex4.4:Usetableatpurchasers'prices(excludingextensionoftheproductionboundary)
Agriculture, forestry and fishery products 9.7 0.1 - 0.1 0.0 - 0.8Ores and minerals; electricity, gas and water 17.9 0.1 - 6.7 1.7 - 1.5
of which: Water supply and miscellaneous services relating to the dwelling (COICOP 04.4.1 to 04.4.4) - - - - - - -of which: Electricity, gas and other fuels(COICOP 04.5.1 to 04.5.5) - - - - - - -of which: Operation of personal transport equipment (COICOP 07.2.) - - - - - - -
Food products, beverages and tobacco; textiles, apparel and leather products 15.8 0.1 - 0.6 0.2 - 16.5of which: Food products for the preparation of home meals (COICOP 01.1.1 to 01.2.1) - - - - - - -of which: Clothing and footwear (COICOP 03.) - - - - - - -of which: Household Textiles (COICOP 05.2.0) - - - - - - -
Other transportable goods, except metal products, machinery and equipment 120.2 0.7 - 4.0 1.0 - 1.2of which: Glassware, tableware and household utensils (COICOP 05.4) - - - - - - -of which: Tools and equipment for house and gardens (COICOP 05.5) - - - - - - -of which: Goods and services for routine household maintenance COICOP(05.6.1 AND 05.6.2) - - - - - - -of which: Other recreational items and equipment, gardens and pets (COICOP 09.3.3) - - - - - - -
Metal products, machinery and equipment 18.7 0.1 - 1.3 0.3 - 0.1of which: Household appliances (COICOP 05.3.1 to 05.3.3) - - - - - - -of which: Transport equipment (COICOP 07.1) - - - - - - -
Constructions and construction services 2.0 0.0 - 2.1 0.5 - 0.8of which: Maintenance and repair of the dwelling (COICOP 04.3.1 and 04.3.2) - - - - - - -
Distributive trade services; accommodation, food and beverage serving services; transport services; and electricity, gas and water distribution services
8.8 0.1 - 22.6 5.6 - 1.7
Financial and related services; real estate services; and rental and leasing services 11.2 0.1 - 4.4 1.1 - 1.9of which: Actual Rent paid by tenants (COICOP 4.1.1) - - - - - - -of which: Insurance (COICOP 12.5.2 AND 12.5.4) - - - - - - -
Business and production services 8.6 0.1 - 4.9 1.2 - 1.9of which: Repair of furniture, furnishings and floor coverings (COICOP 05.1.3) - - - - - - -
Community, social and personal services 15.7 0.1 - 17.5 4.3 - 5.4of which: Other appliances, articles and products for personal care (ND) (COICOP 12.1.3) - - - - - - -of which: Other personal effects (SD) (COICOP 12.3.2) - - - - - - -
Own-use production work of clothing services - - - - - - -Own-use production work of travel services - - - - - - -Own-use production work of meal services - - - - - - -Own-use production work of housing services - - - - - - -Own-use production work of cleaning services - - - - - - -Own-use production work of adult care services - - - - - - -Own-use production work of childcare services - - - - - - -Own-use production work of repairing services - - - - - - -Own-use production work of laundry services - - - - - - -Own-use production work of pet care services - - - - - - -Own-use production work of gardening services - - - - - - -Own-use production work of meal planning and shopping services - - - - - - -Total 228.5 1.4 - 64.2 15.9 - 31.8Compensation of employees 81.9 0.5 - 37.6 6.5 - 23.4Other taxes on production minus other subsidies on production 12.5 -0.1 - 4.0 8.2 - 3.3Consumption of fixed capital 19.1 0.1 - 10.0 2.9 - 2.1Operating surplus and mixed income, net 23.3 0.1 - 7.5 2.2 - 8.2 Return to capital 23.3 0.1 - 7.5 2.2 - 8.2 Imputed compensation for labour input to own-use production work of services - - - - - - -Value added, gross 136.7 0.7 - 59.1 19.8 - 37.0Output 365.2 2.1 - 123.4 35.7 - 68.8million hours - - - - - - -Hours worked in paid employment 5,004 36 - 2,173 913 - 1,944 Hours worked on education and training - - - - - - -Hours worked in own-use production work of services - - 251 - - 32,737 -Leisure time - - - - - - -Other activities n.e.c. - - - - - - -
£billions
Ma
nu
factu
rin
g
Of w
hic
h:
Ma
nu
factu
re o
f w
ea
rin
g a
pp
are
l
Ow
n-u
se
p
rod
uctio
n w
ork
o
f clo
thin
g
se
rvic
es
Tra
nsp
ort
an
d
sto
rag
e
Of w
hic
h:
Pa
sse
ng
er
lan
d
tra
nsp
ort
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n-u
se
p
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n w
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o
f tr
ave
l se
rvic
es
Acco
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atio
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an
d fo
od
se
rvic
e
activitie
s
80
Agriculture, forestry and fishery products 0.3 - - - - 0.0 0.0Ores and minerals; electricity, gas and water 0.6 - 0.1 0.7 - 1.0 0.0
of which: Water supply and miscellaneous services relating to the dwelling (COICOP 04.4.1 to 04.4.4) - - - - - - -of which: Electricity, gas and other fuels(COICOP 04.5.1 to 04.5.5) - - - - - - -of which: Operation of personal transport equipment (COICOP 07.2.) - - - - - - -
Food products, beverages and tobacco; textiles, apparel and leather products 6.1 - 0.0 - - 0.6 0.0of which: Food products for the preparation of home meals (COICOP 01.1.1 to 01.2.1) - - - - - - -of which: Clothing and footwear (COICOP 03.) - - - - - - -of which: Household Textiles (COICOP 05.2.0) - - - - - - -
Other transportable goods, except metal products, machinery and equipment 0.5 - 0.5 0.1 - 2.5 0.0of which: Glassware, tableware and household utensils (COICOP 05.4) - - - - - - -of which: Tools and equipment for house and gardens (COICOP 05.5) - - - - - - -of which: Goods and services for routine household maintenance COICOP(05.6.1 AND 05.6.2) - - - - - - -of which: Other recreational items and equipment, gardens and pets (COICOP 09.3.3) - - - - - - -
Metal products, machinery and equipment 0.0 - 0.1 0.0 - 1.4 0.0of which: Household appliances (COICOP 05.3.1 to 05.3.3) - - - - - - -of which: Transport equipment (COICOP 07.1) - - - - - - -
Constructions and construction services 0.3 - 9.7 5.4 - 0.5 0.0of which: Maintenance and repair of the dwelling (COICOP 04.3.1 and 04.3.2) - - - - - - -
Distributive trade services; accommodation, food and beverage serving services; transport services; and electricity, gas and water distribution services
0.6 - 0.5 - - 3.5 0.1
Financial and related services; real estate services; and rental and leasing services 0.7 - 6.6 13.5 - 3.3 0.1of which: Actual Rent paid by tenants (COICOP 4.1.1) - - - - - - -of which: Insurance (COICOP 12.5.2 AND 12.5.4) - - - - - - -
Business and production services 0.7 - 0.8 0.3 - 2.6 0.0of which: Repair of furniture, furnishings and floor coverings (COICOP 05.1.3) - - - - - - -
Community, social and personal services 2.0 - 5.2 1.2 - 28.7 0.5of which: Other appliances, articles and products for personal care (ND) (COICOP 12.1.3) - - - - - - -of which: Other personal effects (SD) (COICOP 12.3.2) - - - - - - -
Own-use production work of clothing services - - - - - - -Own-use production work of travel services - - - - - - -Own-use production work of meal services - - - - - - -Own-use production work of housing services - - - - - - -Own-use production work of cleaning services - - - - - - -Own-use production work of adult care services - - - - - - -Own-use production work of childcare services - - - - - - -Own-use production work of repairing services - - - - - - -Own-use production work of laundry services - - - - - - -Own-use production work of pet care services - - - - - - -Own-use production work of gardening services - - - - - - -Own-use production work of meal planning and shopping services - - - - - - -Total 11.8 - 23.5 21.3 - 44.2 0.7Compensation of employees 8.8 - 9.1 - - 33.5 2.3Other taxes on production minus other subsidies on production 0.4 - -0.6 -4.4 - 2.1 -0.7Consumption of fixed capital 0.8 - 12.6 42.7 - 11.7 0.3Operating surplus and mixed income, net 3.0 - 22.2 74.9 - 12.6 0.4 Return to capital 3.0 - 22.2 74.9 - 12.6 0.4 Imputed compensation for labour input to own-use production work of services - - - - - - -Value added, gross 12.9 - 43.2 113.2 - 59.9 2.4Output 24.7 - 66.7 134.5 - 104.1 3.1million hours - - - - - - -Hours worked in paid employment 795 - 578 - - 2,834 283 Hours worked on education and training - - - - - - -Hours worked in own-use production work of services - 24,658 - - - - -Leisure time - - - - - - -Other activities n.e.c. - - - - - - -
£billions
Ad
min
istr
ative
a
nd
su
pp
ort
se
rvic
e a
ctivitie
s
Of w
hic
h:
Ge
ne
ral cle
an
ing
o
f b
uild
ing
s
Ow
n-u
se
p
rod
uctio
n w
ork
o
f h
ou
sin
g
se
rvic
es b
y
ren
ters
Of w
hic
h:
Re
sta
ura
nts
Ow
n-u
se
p
rod
uctio
n w
ork
o
f m
ea
l se
rvic
es
Re
al e
sta
te
activitie
s
exclu
din
g
imp
ute
d r
en
ts
Im
pu
ted
re
nts
of
ow
ne
r-o
ccu
pie
d
dw
ellin
gs
81
Agriculture, forestry and fishery products - 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 - 0.0Ores and minerals; electricity, gas and water - 1.2 0.3 2.1 0.6 - 0.8
of which: Water supply and miscellaneous services relating to the dwelling (COICOP 04.4.1 to 04.4.4) - - - - - - -of which: Electricity, gas and other fuels(COICOP 04.5.1 to 04.5.5) - - - - - - -of which: Operation of personal transport equipment (COICOP 07.2.) - - - - - - -
Food products, beverages and tobacco; textiles, apparel and leather products - 0.7 0.2 2.1 0.6 - 0.8of which: Food products for the preparation of home meals (COICOP 01.1.1 to 01.2.1) - - - - - - -of which: Clothing and footwear (COICOP 03.) - - - - - - -of which: Household Textiles (COICOP 05.2.0) - - - - - - -
Other transportable goods, except metal products, machinery and equipment - 3.8 0.9 18.0 5.3 - 6.5of which: Glassware, tableware and household utensils (COICOP 05.4) - - - - - - -of which: Tools and equipment for house and gardens (COICOP 05.5) - - - - - - -of which: Goods and services for routine household maintenance COICOP(05.6.1 AND 05.6.2) - - - - - - -of which: Other recreational items and equipment, gardens and pets (COICOP 09.3.3) - - - - - - -
Metal products, machinery and equipment - 0.1 0.0 0.5 0.1 - 0.2of which: Household appliances (COICOP 05.3.1 to 05.3.3) - - - - - - -of which: Transport equipment (COICOP 07.1) - - - - - - -
Constructions and construction services - 0.5 0.1 0.8 0.2 - 0.3of which: Maintenance and repair of the dwelling (COICOP 04.3.1 and 04.3.2) - - - - - - -
Distributive trade services; accommodation, food and beverage serving services; transport services; and electricity, gas and water distribution services
- 2.2 0.5 6.3 1.9 - 2.3
Financial and related services; real estate services; and rental and leasing services - 0.5 0.1 2.5 0.7 - 0.9of which: Actual Rent paid by tenants (COICOP 4.1.1) - - - - - - -of which: Insurance (COICOP 12.5.2 AND 12.5.4) - - - - - - -
Business and production services - 2.3 0.6 2.9 0.9 - 1.1of which: Repair of furniture, furnishings and floor coverings (COICOP 05.1.3) - - - - - - -
Community, social and personal services - 12.9 3.1 21.2 6.2 - 7.7of which: Other appliances, articles and products for personal care (ND) (COICOP 12.1.3) - - - - - - -of which: Other personal effects (SD) (COICOP 12.3.2) - - - - - - -
Own-use production work of clothing services - - - - - - -Own-use production work of travel services - - - - - - -Own-use production work of meal services - - - - - - -Own-use production work of housing services - - - - - - -Own-use production work of cleaning services - - - - - - -Own-use production work of adult care services - - - - - - -Own-use production work of childcare services - - - - - - -Own-use production work of repairing services - - - - - - -Own-use production work of laundry services - - - - - - -Own-use production work of pet care services - - - - - - -Own-use production work of gardening services - - - - - - -Own-use production work of meal planning and shopping services - - - - - - -Total - 24.2 5.8 56.5 16.6 - 20.5Compensation of employees - 64.5 20.7 68.2 26.9 - 28.0Other taxes on production minus other subsidies on production 1.2 -2.3 2.4 8.2 -10.1Consumption of fixed capital - 9.4 2.5 3.6 1.5 - 1.1Operating surplus and mixed income, net - 0.3 0.1 18.1 7.4 - 5.5 Return to capital - 0.3 0.1 18.1 7.4 - 5.5 Imputed compensation for labour input to own-use production work of services - - - - - - -Value added, gross - 75.5 21.0 92.2 43.9 - 24.5Output - 99.6 26.8 148.8 60.5 - 45.1million hours - - - - - - -Hours worked in paid employment - 5,565 4,346 6,154 1,127 - 656 Hours worked on education and training - - - - - - -Hours worked in own-use production work of services 15,085 - - - - 1,379 -Leisure time - - - - - - -Other activities n.e.c. - - - - - - -
£billions
O
f w
hic
h: O
the
r so
cia
l w
ork
a
ctivitie
s w
ith
ou
t a
cco
mm
od
atio
n
Ow
n-u
se
p
rod
uctio
n w
ork
o
f cle
an
ing
se
rvic
es
Ed
uca
tio
n
Of w
hic
h: P
re-
pri
ma
ry a
nd
p
rim
ary
e
du
ca
tio
n a
nd
se
co
nd
ary
Hu
ma
n h
ea
lth
a
nd
so
cia
lw
ork
activitie
s
Of w
hic
h:
Re
sid
en
tia
l ca
re
activitie
s
Ow
n-u
se
p
rod
uctio
n w
ork
o
f a
du
lt c
are
se
rvic
es
82
Agriculture, forestry and fishery products - 0.0 0.0 - 0.0 - 0.0Ores and minerals; electricity, gas and water - 0.3 0.0 - 0.0 - 0.1
of which: Water supply and miscellaneous services relating to the dwelling (COICOP 04.4.1 to 04.4.4) - - - - - - -of which: Electricity, gas and other fuels(COICOP 04.5.1 to 04.5.5) - - - - - - -of which: Operation of personal transport equipment (COICOP 07.2.) - - - - - - -
Food products, beverages and tobacco; textiles, apparel and leather products - 0.4 0.0 - 0.0 - 0.1of which: Food products for the preparation of home meals (COICOP 01.1.1 to 01.2.1) - - - - - - -of which: Clothing and footwear (COICOP 03.) - - - - - - -of which: Household Textiles (COICOP 05.2.0) - - - - - - -
Other transportable goods, except metal products, machinery and equipment - 1.0 0.0 - 0.0 - 0.3of which: Glassware, tableware and household utensils (COICOP 05.4) - - - - - - -of which: Tools and equipment for house and gardens (COICOP 05.5) - - - - - - -of which: Goods and services for routine household maintenance COICOP(05.6.1 AND 05.6.2) - - - - - - -of which: Other recreational items and equipment, gardens and pets (COICOP 09.3.3) - - - - - - -
Metal products, machinery and equipment - 0.1 0.0 - 0.0 - 0.0of which: Household appliances (COICOP 05.3.1 to 05.3.3) - - - - - - -of which: Transport equipment (COICOP 07.1) - - - - - - -
Constructions and construction services - 0.3 0.0 - 0.0 - 0.1of which: Maintenance and repair of the dwelling (COICOP 04.3.1 and 04.3.2) - - - - - - -
Distributive trade services; accommodation, food and beverage serving services; transport services; and electricity, gas and water distribution services
- 0.7 0.0 - 0.0 - 0.2
Financial and related services; real estate services; and rental and leasing services - 0.8 0.0 - 0.0 - 0.2of which: Actual Rent paid by tenants (COICOP 4.1.1) - - - - - - -of which: Insurance (COICOP 12.5.2 AND 12.5.4) - - - - - - -
Business and production services - 1.3 0.0 - 0.0 - 0.3of which: Repair of furniture, furnishings and floor coverings (COICOP 05.1.3) - - - - - - -
Community, social and personal services - 6.4 0.2 - 0.2 - 1.8of which: Other appliances, articles and products for personal care (ND) (COICOP 12.1.3) - - - - - - -of which: Other personal effects (SD) (COICOP 12.3.2) - - - - - - -
Own-use production work of clothing services - - - - - - -Own-use production work of travel services - - - - - - -Own-use production work of meal services - - - - - - -Own-use production work of housing services - - - - - - -Own-use production work of cleaning services - - - - - - -Own-use production work of adult care services - - - - - - -Own-use production work of childcare services - - - - - - -Own-use production work of repairing services - - - - - - -Own-use production work of laundry services - - - - - - -Own-use production work of pet care services - - - - - - -Own-use production work of gardening services - - - - - - -Own-use production work of meal planning and shopping services - - - - - - -Total - 11.2 0.3 - 0.4 - 3.1Compensation of employees - 13.7 0.2 - 0.2 - 0.2Other taxes on production minus other subsidies on production 0.3 0.2 0.5 4.5Consumption of fixed capital - 1.0 0.0 - 0.0 - 0.3Operating surplus and mixed income, net - 11.4 0.3 - 0.5 - 3.6 Return to capital - 11.4 0.3 - 0.5 - 3.6 Imputed compensation for labour input to own-use production work of services - - - - - - -Value added, gross - 26.5 0.8 - 1.3 - 8.7Output - 37.7 1.1 - 1.7 - 11.7million hours - - - - - - -Hours worked in paid employment - 660 50 - 49 - 114 Hours worked on education and training - - - - - - -Hours worked in own-use production work of services 16,443 - - 887 - 6,993 -Leisure time - - - - - - -Other activities n.e.c. - - - - - - -
Oth
er
serv
ice
activitie
s
Ow
n-u
se
p
rod
uctio
n w
ork
o
f ch
ild
ca
re
se
rvic
es
Ow
n-u
se
p
rod
uctio
n w
ork
o
f la
un
dry
se
rvic
es
Of w
hic
h: O
ther
pe
rson
al se
rvic
e
activitie
s n
.e.c
.
Of w
hic
h: R
ep
air
of p
ers
on
al a
nd
hou
seh
old
go
ods
£billions
Ow
n-u
se
p
rod
uctio
n w
ork
o
f re
pa
irin
g
se
rvic
es
Of w
hic
h:
Wa
sh
ing
and
(dry
) cle
an
ing
of
textile
and
fu
r p
rod
ucts
83
Agriculture, forestry and fishery products - - - - - - 3.3Ores and minerals; electricity, gas and water - - - - - - 54.3
of which: Water supply and miscellaneous services relating to the dwelling (COICOP 04.4.1 to 04.4.4) - - - - - - -of which: Electricity, gas and other fuels(COICOP 04.5.1 to 04.5.5) - - - - - - -of which: Operation of personal transport equipment (COICOP 07.2.) - - - - - - -
Food products, beverages and tobacco; textiles, apparel and leather products - - - - - - 10.1of which: Food products for the preparation of home meals (COICOP 01.1.1 to 01.2.1) - - - - - - -of which: Clothing and footwear (COICOP 03.) - - - - - - -of which: Household Textiles (COICOP 05.2.0) - - - - - - -
Other transportable goods, except metal products, machinery and equipment - - - - - - 100.9of which: Glassware, tableware and household utensils (COICOP 05.4) - - - - - - -of which: Tools and equipment for house and gardens (COICOP 05.5) - - - - - - -of which: Goods and services for routine household maintenance COICOP(05.6.1 AND 05.6.2) - - - - - - -of which: Other recreational items and equipment, gardens and pets (COICOP 09.3.3) - - - - - - -
Metal products, machinery and equipment - - - - - - 9.0of which: Household appliances (COICOP 05.3.1 to 05.3.3) - - - - - - -of which: Transport equipment (COICOP 07.1) - - - - - - -
Constructions and construction services - - - - - - 67.4of which: Maintenance and repair of the dwelling (COICOP 04.3.1 and 04.3.2) - - - - - - -
Distributive trade services; accommodation, food and beverage serving services; transport services; and electricity, gas and water distribution services
- - - - - -56.7
Financial and related services; real estate services; and rental and leasing services - - - - - - 60.2of which: Actual Rent paid by tenants (COICOP 4.1.1) - - - - - - -of which: Insurance (COICOP 12.5.2 AND 12.5.4) - - - - - - -
Business and production services - - - - - - 53.9of which: Repair of furniture, furnishings and floor coverings (COICOP 05.1.3) - - - - - - -
Community, social and personal services - - - - - - 157.6of which: Other appliances, articles and products for personal care (ND) (COICOP 12.1.3) - - - - - - -of which: Other personal effects (SD) (COICOP 12.3.2) - - - - - - -
Own-use production work of clothing services - - - - - - -Own-use production work of travel services - - - - - - -Own-use production work of meal services - - - - - - -Own-use production work of housing services - - - - - - -Own-use production work of cleaning services - - - - - - -Own-use production work of adult care services - - - - - - -Own-use production work of childcare services - - - - - - -Own-use production work of repairing services - - - - - - -Own-use production work of laundry services - - - - - - -Own-use production work of pet care services - - - - - - -Own-use production work of gardening services - - - - - - -Own-use production work of meal planning and shopping services - - - - - - -Total - - - - - - 573.5Compensation of employees - 4.6 3.8 - - 0.8 338.0Other taxes on production minus other subsidies on production - -0.0 -0.1 - -0.8 31.9Consumption of fixed capital - - - - - - 75.7Operating surplus and mixed income, net - 0.3 0.2 - - - 185.2 Return to capital - 0.3 0.2 - - - 185.2 Imputed compensation for labour input to own-use production work of services - - - - - - -Value added, gross - 4.9 3.9 - - - 630.8Output - 4.9 3.9 - - - 1204.3million hours - - - - - - -Hours worked in paid employment - 58 58 - - 58 18,237 Hours worked on education and training - - - - - - -Hours worked in own-use production work of services 1,978 - - 1,775 2,740 - 104,925 Leisure time - - - - - - -Other activities n.e.c. - - - - - - -
Ow
n-u
se
p
rod
uctio
n w
ork
o
f p
et ca
re
se
rvic
es
Activitie
s o
f h
ou
se
ho
lds a
s
em
plo
ye
rs
£billions
Of w
hic
h: o
the
r a
ctivitie
s o
f h
ou
se
ho
lds a
s
em
plo
ye
rs o
f d
om
estic
Ow
n-u
se
p
rod
uctio
n w
ork
o
f g
ard
en
ing
se
rvic
es
Ow
n-u
se
p
rod
uctio
n w
ork
o
f m
ea
l p
lan
nin
g
an
d s
ho
pp
ing
se
rvic
es
Of w
hic
h: o
the
r a
ctivitie
s o
f h
ou
se
ho
lds a
s
em
plo
ye
rs o
f d
om
estic
Re
st o
f th
e
eco
no
my
84
Note: Please note that the sub classification of COICOP-groups is only an approximation, for illustrative purposes. Not the whole COICOP (sub)group may fall within the perimeters of the main heading of the use table.
Agriculture, forestry and fishery products 14.0 14.2 - - 1.0 2.1 17.3 31.3Ores and minerals; electricity, gas and water 86.0 48.4 - - -0.6 12.5 60.3 146.2
of which: Water supply and miscellaneous services relating to the dwelling (COICOP 04.4.1 to 04.4.4) - 7.3 - - - - - -of which: Electricity, gas and other fuels(COICOP 04.5.1 to 04.5.5) - 14.5 - - - - - -of which: Operation of personal transport equipment (COICOP 07.2.) - 25.9 - - - - - -
Food products, beverages and tobacco; textiles, apparel and leather products 46.7 95.2 - - 0.8 14.7 110.6 157.3of which: Food products for the preparation of home meals (COICOP 01.1.1 to 01.2.1) - 71.4 - - - - - -of which: Clothing and footwear (COICOP 03.) - 3.2 - - - - - -of which: Household Textiles (COICOP 05.2.0) - 2.0 - - - - - -
Other transportable goods, except metal products, machinery and equipment 252.2 125.5 - 11.5 32.3 137.8 307.1 559.3of which: Glassware, tableware and household utensils (COICOP 05.4) - 0.6 - - - - - -of which: Tools and equipment for house and gardens (COICOP 05.5) - 1.0 - - - - - -of which: Goods and services for routine household maintenance COICOP(05.6.1 AND 05.6.2) - 3.2 - - - - - -of which: Other recreational items and equipment, gardens and pets (COICOP 09.3.3) - 25.1 - - - - - -
Metal products, machinery and equipment 31.4 36.8 - - 19.2 46.7 102.7 134.1of which: Household appliances (COICOP 05.3.1 to 05.3.3) - 5.8 - - - - - -of which: Transport equipment (COICOP 07.1) - 30.2 - - 0.6 - - -
Constructions and construction services 89.5 1.3 - - 102.6 2.1 106.1 195.5of which: Maintenance and repair of the dwelling (COICOP 04.3.1 and 04.3.2) - 1.2 - - - - - -
Distributive trade services; accommodation, food and beverage serving services; transport services; and electricity, gas and water distribution services
103.0 129.5 - 2.1 0.6 27.3 159.5 262.4
Financial and related services; real estate services; and rental and leasing services 104.9 240.6 0.2 - 7.0 52.0 299.7 404.7of which: Actual Rent paid by tenants (COICOP 4.1.1) - 24.2 - - - - - -of which: Insurance (COICOP 12.5.2 AND 12.5.4) - 11.4 - - - - - -
Business and production services 79.5 62.4 - 2.1 32.2 27.1 123.7 203.3of which: Repair of furniture, furnishings and floor coverings (COICOP 05.1.3) - 1.5 - - - - - -
Community, social and personal services 271.8 90.9 42.3 253.3 31.7 61.4 479.6 751.4of which: Other appliances, articles and products for personal care (ND) (COICOP 12.1.3) - 9.2 - - - - - -of which: Other personal effects (SD) (COICOP 12.3.2) - 4.6 - - - - - -
Own-use production work of clothing services - - - - - - - -Own-use production work of travel services - - - - - - - -Own-use production work of meal services - - - - - - - -Own-use production work of housing services - - - - - - - -Own-use production work of cleaning services - - - - - - - -Own-use production work of adult care services - - - - - - - -Own-use production work of childcare services - - - - - - - -Own-use production work of repairing services - - - - - - - -Own-use production work of laundry services - - - - - - - -Own-use production work of pet care services - - - - - - - -Own-use production work of gardening services - - - - - - - -Own-use production work of meal planning and shopping services - - - - - - - -Total 1078.8 844.7 42.5 268.9 226.9 383.7 1766.7 2845.5Compensation of employees 674.5 - - - - - - -Other taxes on production minus other subsidies on production 52.6 - - - - - - -Consumption of fixed capital 187.9 - - - - - - -Operating surplus and mixed income, net 364.0 - - - - - - - Return to capital 364.0 - - - - - - - Imputed compensation for labour input to own-use production work of services - - - - - - - -Value added, gross 1279.1 - - - - - - -Output 2357.9 - - - - - - -million hours Total hours - - - - - - -Hours worked in paid employment 43,207 - - - - - - -Hours worked on education and training 14,423 - - - - - - -Hours worked in own-use production work of services 104,925 - - - - - - -Leisure time 118,203 - - - - - - -Other activities n.e.c. 140,379 - - - - - - -
£billions
To
tal u
se
at
pu
rch
as
ers
' p
ric
es
Fin
al
co
nsu
mp
tio
n
exp
en
ditu
re b
y
ho
use
ho
lds
Fin
al
co
nsu
mp
tio
n
exp
en
ditu
re b
y
no
n-p
rofit
org
an
isa
tio
ns
Fin
al
co
nsu
mp
tio
n
exp
en
ditu
re b
y
go
ve
rnm
en
t
Gro
ss c
ap
ita
l fo
rma
tio
n
To
tal e
xp
ort
s
To
tal fin
al u
se
s
at p
urc
ha
se
rs'
pri
ce
s
To
tal
inte
rme
dia
te
us
es
85
Annex4.5:Usetableatpurchasers'prices(impactofextendingtheproductionboundary)
Agriculture, forestry and f ishery products 9.7 0.1 - 0.1 0.0 - 0.8
Ores and minerals; electricity, gas and w ater 17.9 0.1 - 6.7 1.7 - 1.5
of w hich: Water supply and miscellaneous services relating to the dw elling (COICOP 04.4.1 to 04.4. - - - - - - -
of w hich: Electricity, gas and other fuels(COICOP 04.5.1 to 04.5.5) - - - - - - -
of w hich: Operation of personal transport equipment (COICOP 07.2.) - - - - - 18.1 -
Food products, beverages and tobacco; textiles, apparel and leather products 15.8 0.1 2.2 0.6 0.2 - 16.5
of w hich: Food products for the preparation of home meals (COICOP 01.1.1 to 01.2.1) - - - - - - -
of w hich: Clothing and footw ear (COICOP 03.) - - 2.2 - - - -
of w hich: Household Textiles (COICOP 05.2.0) - - - - - - -
Other transportable goods, except metal products, machinery and equipment 120.2 0.7 - 4.0 1.0 - 1.2
of w hich: Glassw are, tablew are and household utensils (COICOP 05.4) - - - - - - -
of w hich: Tools and equipment for house and gardens (COICOP 05.5) - - - - - - -
of w hich: Goods and services for routine household maintenance COICOP(05.6.1 AND 05.6.2) - - - - - - -
of w hich: Other recreational items and equipment, gardens and pets (COICOP 09.3.3) - - - - - - -
Metal products, machinery and equipment 18.7 0.1 - 1.3 88.9 - 0.1
of w hich: Household appliances (COICOP 05.3.1 to 05.3.3) - - - - - - -
of w hich: Transport equipment (COICOP 07.1) - - - - - - -
Constructions and construction services 2.0 0.0 - 2.1 0.5 - 0.8
of w hich: Maintenance and repair of the dw elling (COICOP 04.3.1 and 04.3.2) - - - - - - -
Distributive trade services; accommodation, food and beverage serving services; transport services; and electricity, gas and w ater distribution services
8.8 0.1 - 22.6 5.6 18.1 1.7
Financial and related services; real estate services; and rental and leasing services 11.2 0.1 - 4.4 1.1 2.3 1.9
of w hich: Actual Rent paid by tenants (COICOP 4.1.1) - - - - - - -
of w hich: Insurance (COICOP 12.5.2 AND 12.5.4) - - - - - 2.3 -
Business and production services 8.6 0.1 - 4.9 2.3 - 1.9
of w hich: Repair of furniture, furnishings and f loor coverings (COICOP 05.1.3) - - - - - - -
Community, social and personal services 15.7 0.1 - 17.5 4.3 2.3 5.4
of w hich: Other appliances, articles and products for personal care (ND) (COICOP 12.1.3) - - - - - - -
of w hich: Other personal effects (SD) (COICOP 12.3.2) - - - - - - -
Ow n-use production w ork of clothing services - - - - - - -
Ow n-use production w ork of travel services - - - - - - -
Ow n-use production w ork of meal services - - - - - - -
Ow n-use production w ork of housing services - - - - - - -
Ow n-use production w ork of cleaning services - - - - - - -
Ow n-use production w ork of adult care services - - - - - - -
Ow n-use production w ork of childcare services - - - - - - -
Ow n-use production w ork of repairing services - - - - - - -
Ow n-use production w ork of laundry services - - - - - - -
Ow n-use production w ork of pet care services - - - - - - -
Ow n-use production w ork of gardening services - - - - - - -
Ow n-use production w ork of meal planning and shopping services - - - - - - -
Total 228.5 1.4 2.2 64.2 105.6 22.7 31.8
Compensation of employees 81.9 0.5 - 37.6 6.5 - 23.4
Other taxes on production minus other subsidies on production 12.5 -0.1 - 4.0 8.2 - 3.3
Consumption of f ixed capital 19.1 0.1 0.2 10.0 2.9 19.6 2.1
Operating surplus and mixed income, net 23.3 0.1 2.1 7.5 2.2 280.8 8.2
Return to capital 23.3 0.1 - 7.5 2.2 1.0 8.2
Imputed compensation for labour input to ow n-use production w ork of services - - 2.1 - - 279.8 -
Value added, gross 136.7 0.7 2.4 59.1 19.8 300.4 37.0
Output 365.2 2.1 4.6 123.4 125.4 323.1 68.8
million hours - - - - - - -
Hours w orked in paid employment 5,004 36 - 2,173 913 - 1,944
Hours w orked on education and training - - - - - - -
Hours w orked in ow n-use production w ork of services - - 251 - - 32,737 -
Leisure time - - - - - - -
Other activities n.e.c. - - - - - - -
£billions
Acc
omm
odat
ion
and
food
ser
vice
ac
tiviti
es
Man
ufac
turin
g
Of w
hich
: M
anuf
actu
re o
f w
earin
g ap
pare
l O
wn-
use
prod
uctio
n w
ork
of c
loth
ing
serv
ices
T
rans
port
and
st
orag
e
Of w
hich
: P
asse
nger
land
tr
ansp
ort
Ow
n-us
e pr
oduc
tion
wor
k of
trav
el
serv
ices
86
Agriculture, forestry and fishery products 0.3 - - - - 0.0 0.0
Ores and minerals; electricity, gas and w ater 0.6 - 0.1 0.7 27.0 1.0 0.0
of w hich: Water supply and miscellaneous services relating to the dw elling (COICOP 04.4.1 to 04.4. - - - 0.2 2.5 - -
of w hich: Electricity, gas and other fuels(COICOP 04.5.1 to 04.5.5) - - - 0.4 5.8 - -
of w hich: Operation of personal transport equipment (COICOP 07.2.) - - - - - - -
Food products, beverages and tobacco; textiles, apparel and leather products 6.1 71.4 0.0 - - 0.6 0.0
of w hich: Food products for the preparation of home meals (COICOP 01.1.1 to 01.2.1) - 71.4 - - - - -
of w hich: Clothing and footw ear (COICOP 03.) - - - 0.0 - - -
of w hich: Household Textiles (COICOP 05.2.0) - - - 0.7 0.8 - -
Other transportable goods, except metal products, machinery and equipment 0.5 - 0.5 0.1 3.8 2.5 0.0
of w hich: Glassw are, tablew are and household utensils (COICOP 05.4) - 0.6 - - - - -
of w hich: Tools and equipment for house and gardens (COICOP 05.5) - - - 0.1 0.1 - -
of w hich: Goods and services for routine household maintenance COICOP(05.6.1 AND 05.6.2) - 0.1 - 0.0 0.1 - -
of w hich: Other recreational items and equipment, gardens and pets (COICOP 09.3.3) - - - 3.8 3.8 - -
Metal products, machinery and equipment 0.0 0.1 0.1 0.9 0.3 1.4 0.0
of w hich: Household appliances (COICOP 05.3.1 to 05.3.3) - 0.1 - 0.2 0.3 - -
of w hich: Transport equipment (COICOP 07.1) - - - - - - -
Constructions and construction services 0.3 - 9.7 5.4 - 0.5 0.0
of w hich: Maintenance and repair of the dw elling (COICOP 04.3.1 and 04.3.2) - - - 0.1 1.7 - -
Distributive trade services; accommodation, food and beverage serving services; transport services; and electricity, gas and w ater distribution services
0.6 - 0.5 - - 3.5 0.1
Financial and related services; real estate services; and rental and leasing services 0.7 - 6.6 15.2 19.2 3.3 0.1
of w hich: Actual Rent paid by tenants (COICOP 4.1.1) - - - - 16.9 - -
of w hich: Insurance (COICOP 12.5.2 AND 12.5.4) - - - 1.7 2.3 - -
Business and production services 0.7 0.8 0.8 1.8 1.6 2.6 0.0
of w hich: Repair of furniture, furnishings and floor coverings (COICOP 05.1.3) - - - 0.2 0.1 - -
Community, social and personal services 2.0 - 5.2 2.9 2.3 28.7 0.5
of w hich: Other appliances, articles and products for personal care (ND) (COICOP 12.1.3) - - - - - - -
of w hich: Other personal effects (SD) (COICOP 12.3.2) - - - - - - -
Ow n-use production w ork of clothing services - - - - - - -
Ow n-use production w ork of travel services - - - - - - -
Ow n-use production w ork of meal services - - - - - - -
Ow n-use production w ork of housing services - 25.4 - - - - -
Ow n-use production w ork of cleaning services - - - - - - -
Ow n-use production w ork of adult care services - - - - - - -
Ow n-use production w ork of childcare services - - - - - - -
Ow n-use production w ork of repairing services - - - - - - -
Ow n-use production w ork of laundry services - - - - - - -
Ow n-use production w ork of pet care services - - - - - - -
Ow n-use production w ork of gardening services - - - - - - -
Ow n-use production w ork of meal planning and shopping services - - - - - - -
Total 11.8 97.6 23.5 27.1 54.1 44.2 0.7
Compensation of employees 8.8 - 9.1 - - 33.5 2.3
Other taxes on production minus other subsidies on production 0.4 - -0.6 -4.4 0.0 2.1 -0.7
Consumption of f ixed capital 0.8 0.2 12.6 0.3 0.3 11.7 0.3
Operating surplus and mixed income, net 3.0 210.8 22.2 74.9 0.0 12.6 0.4
Return to capital 3.0 0.0 22.2 74.9 0.0 12.6 0.4
Imputed compensation for labour input to ow n-use production w ork of services - 210.7 - - - - -
Value added, gross 12.9 211.0 43.2 70.9 0.4 59.9 2.4
Output 24.7 308.6 66.7 98.0 54.5 104.1 3.1
million hours - - - - - - -
Hours w orked in paid employment 795 - 578 - - 2,834 283
Hours w orked on education and training - - - - - - -
Hours w orked in ow n-use production w ork of services - 24,658 - - - - -
Leisure time - - - - - - -
Other activities n.e.c. - - - - - - -
£billions
Of w
hic
h:
Resta
ura
nts
Ow
n-u
se p
roductio
n
work
of m
eal
serv
ices
Real e
sta
te a
ctiv
ities
exclu
din
g im
pute
d
rents
Im
pute
d r
ents
of
ow
ner-
occupie
d
dw
ellings
Ow
n-u
se p
roductio
n
work
of housin
g
serv
ices b
y r
ente
rs
Adm
inis
trativ
e a
nd
support
serv
ice
activ
ities
Of w
hic
h: G
enera
l cle
anin
g o
f build
ings
87
Agriculture, forestry and fishery products - 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 - 0.0
Ores and minerals; electricity, gas and w ater - 1.2 0.3 2.1 0.6 - 0.8
of w hich: Water supply and miscellaneous services relating to the dw elling (COICOP 04.4.1 to 04.4. - - - - - - -
of w hich: Electricity, gas and other fuels(COICOP 04.5.1 to 04.5.5) - - - - - - 0.0
of w hich: Operation of personal transport equipment (COICOP 07.2.) - - - - - - -
Food products, beverages and tobacco; textiles, apparel and leather products - 0.7 0.2 2.1 0.6 - 0.8
of w hich: Food products for the preparation of home meals (COICOP 01.1.1 to 01.2.1) - - - - - - -
of w hich: Clothing and footw ear (COICOP 03.) - - - - - - -
of w hich: Household Textiles (COICOP 05.2.0) - - - - - - -
Other transportable goods, except metal products, machinery and equipment - 3.8 0.9 18.0 5.3 - 6.5
of w hich: Glassw are, tablew are and household utensils (COICOP 05.4) - - - - - - -
of w hich: Tools and equipment for house and gardens (COICOP 05.5) - - - - - - -
of w hich: Goods and services for routine household maintenance COICOP(05.6.1 AND 05.6.2) 0.2 - - - - - -
of w hich: Other recreational items and equipment, gardens and pets (COICOP 09.3.3) - - - - - - -
Metal products, machinery and equipment - 0.1 0.0 0.5 0.1 - 0.2
of w hich: Household appliances (COICOP 05.3.1 to 05.3.3) - - - - - - -
of w hich: Transport equipment (COICOP 07.1) - - - - - - -
Constructions and construction services - 0.5 0.1 0.8 0.2 - 0.3
of w hich: Maintenance and repair of the dw elling (COICOP 04.3.1 and 04.3.2) - - - - - - -
Distributive trade services; accommodation, food and beverage serving services; transport services; and electricity, gas and w ater distribution services
- 2.2 0.5 6.3 1.9 - 2.3
Financial and related services; real estate services; and rental and leasing services - 0.5 0.1 2.5 0.7 - 0.9
of w hich: Actual Rent paid by tenants (COICOP 4.1.1) - - - - - - -
of w hich: Insurance (COICOP 12.5.2 AND 12.5.4) - - - - - - -
Business and production services 0.2 2.3 0.6 2.9 0.9 - 1.1
of w hich: Repair of furniture, furnishings and floor coverings (COICOP 05.1.3) - - - - - - -
Community, social and personal services - 12.9 3.1 21.2 6.2 - 7.7
of w hich: Other appliances, articles and products for personal care (ND) (COICOP 12.1.3) - - - - - - -
of w hich: Other personal effects (SD) (COICOP 12.3.2) - - - - - - -
Ow n-use production w ork of clothing services - - - - - - -
Ow n-use production w ork of travel services - - - - - 32.1 -
Ow n-use production w ork of meal services - - - - - 15.4 -
Ow n-use production w ork of housing services - - - - - 1.7 -
Ow n-use production w ork of cleaning services - - - - - - -
Ow n-use production w ork of adult care services - - - - - - -
Ow n-use production w ork of childcare services - - - - - - -
Ow n-use production w ork of repairing services - - - - - - -
Ow n-use production w ork of laundry services - - - - - 0.7 -
Ow n-use production w ork of pet care services - - - - - - -
Ow n-use production w ork of gardening services - - - - - - -
Ow n-use production w ork of meal planning and shopping services - - - - - - -
Total 0.2 24.2 5.8 56.5 16.6 49.9 20.5
Compensation of employees - 64.5 20.7 68.2 26.9 - 28.0
Other taxes on production minus other subsidies on production - 1.2 -2.3 2.4 8.2 -1.3 -10.1
Consumption of f ixed capital - 9.4 2.5 3.6 1.5 - 1.1
Operating surplus and mixed income, net 128.9 0.3 0.1 18.1 7.4 11.8 5.5
Return to capital - 0.3 0.1 18.1 7.4 - 5.5
Imputed compensation for labour input to ow n-use production w ork of services 128.9 - - - - 11.8 -
Value added, gross 128.9 75.5 21.0 92.2 43.9 10.5 24.5
Output 129.1 99.6 26.8 148.8 60.5 60.3 45.1
million hours - - - - - - -
Hours w orked in paid employment - 5,565 4,346 6,154 1,127 - 656
Hours w orked on education and training - - - - - - -
Hours w orked in ow n-use production w ork of services 15,085 - - - - 1,379 -
Leisure time - - - - - - -
Other activities n.e.c. - - - - - - -
£billions
Ow
n-u
se p
roductio
n
work
of cle
anin
g
serv
ices
Educatio
n
Of w
hic
h: P
re-
prim
ary
and p
rim
ary
educatio
n a
nd
Hum
an h
ealth
and
socia
lw
ork
activ
ities
Of w
hic
h:
Resid
entia
l care
activ
ities
Ow
n-u
se p
roductio
n
work
of adult
care
serv
ices
O
f w
hic
h: O
ther
socia
l work
activ
ities
with
out
88
Agriculture, forestry and fishery products - 0.0 0.0 - 0.0 - 0.0
Ores and minerals; electricity, gas and w ater - 0.3 0.0 - 0.0 - 0.1
of w hich: Water supply and miscellaneous services relating to the dw elling (COICOP 04.4.1 to 04.4. - - - - - - -
of w hich: Electricity, gas and other fuels(COICOP 04.5.1 to 04.5.5) - 0.0 0.0 - - - -
of w hich: Operation of personal transport equipment (COICOP 07.2.) - - - - - - -
Food products, beverages and tobacco; textiles, apparel and leather products - 0.4 0.0 - 0.0 - 0.1
of w hich: Food products for the preparation of home meals (COICOP 01.1.1 to 01.2.1) - - - - - - -
of w hich: Clothing and footw ear (COICOP 03.) - - - - - - -
of w hich: Household Textiles (COICOP 05.2.0) - - - - - - -
Other transportable goods, except metal products, machinery and equipment - 1.0 0.0 0.3 0.0 1.3 0.3
of w hich: Glassw are, tablew are and household utensils (COICOP 05.4) - - - - - - -
of w hich: Tools and equipment for house and gardens (COICOP 05.5) - - - - - - -
of w hich: Goods and services for routine household maintenance COICOP(05.6.1 AND 05.6.2) 0.0 - - 0.1 - 0.1 -
of w hich: Other recreational items and equipment, gardens and pets (COICOP 09.3.3) - - - 0.3 - 1.3 -
Metal products, machinery and equipment - 0.1 0.0 - 0.0 0.1 0.0
of w hich: Household appliances (COICOP 05.3.1 to 05.3.3) - - - - - 0.1 -
of w hich: Transport equipment (COICOP 07.1) - - - - - - -
Constructions and construction services - 0.3 0.0 - 0.0 - 0.1
of w hich: Maintenance and repair of the dw elling (COICOP 04.3.1 and 04.3.2) - - - - - - -
Distributive trade services; accommodation, food and beverage serving services; transport services; and electricity, gas and w ater distribution services
- 0.7 0.0 - 0.0 - 0.2
Financial and related services; real estate services; and rental and leasing services - 0.8 0.0 - 0.0 - 0.2
of w hich: Actual Rent paid by tenants (COICOP 4.1.1) - - - - - - -
of w hich: Insurance (COICOP 12.5.2 AND 12.5.4) - - - - - - -
Business and production services 0.0 1.3 0.0 1.5 0.0 0.2 0.3
of w hich: Repair of furniture, furnishings and floor coverings (COICOP 05.1.3) - - - 0.7 - - -
Community, social and personal services 5.5 6.4 0.2 - 0.2 - 1.8
of w hich: Other appliances, articles and products for personal care (ND) (COICOP 12.1.3) 1.8 - - - - - -
of w hich: Other personal effects (SD) (COICOP 12.3.2) 0.9 - - - - - -
Ow n-use production w ork of clothing services 0.2 - - - - - -
Ow n-use production w ork of travel services 41.7 - - - - - -
Ow n-use production w ork of meal services 18.5 - - - - - -
Ow n-use production w ork of housing services 13.5 - - - - 5.1 -
Ow n-use production w ork of cleaning services - - - - - - -
Ow n-use production w ork of adult care services - - - - - - -
Ow n-use production w ork of childcare services - - - - - - -
Ow n-use production w ork of repairing services - - - - - - -
Ow n-use production w ork of laundry services 5.3 - - - - - -
Ow n-use production w ork of pet care services - - - - - - -
Ow n-use production w ork of gardening services - - - - - - -
Ow n-use production w ork of meal planning and shopping services - - - - - - -
Total 84.8 11.2 0.3 1.7 0.4 6.6 3.1
Compensation of employees - 13.7 0.2 - 0.2 - 0.2
Other taxes on production minus other subsidies on production -12.1 0.3 0.2 - 0.5 - 4.5
Consumption of f ixed capital - 1.0 0.0 - 0.0 - 0.3
Operating surplus and mixed income, net 140.5 11.4 0.3 7.6 0.5 59.8 3.6
Return to capital - 11.4 0.3 - 0.5 - 3.6
Imputed compensation for labour input to ow n-use production w ork of services 140.5 - - 7.6 - 59.8 -
Value added, gross 128.4 26.5 0.8 7.6 1.3 59.8 8.7
Output 213.2 37.7 1.1 9.3 1.7 66.4 11.7
million hours - - - - - - -
Hours w orked in paid employment - 660 50 - 49 - 114
Hours w orked on education and training - - - - - - -
Hours w orked in ow n-use production w ork of services 16,443 - - 887 - 6,993 -
Leisure time - - - - - - -
Other activities n.e.c. - - - - - - -
£billions
Ow
n-us
e pr
oduc
tion
wor
k of
chi
ldca
re
serv
ices
Oth
er s
ervi
ce
activ
ities
Of w
hich
: Rep
air
of
pers
onal
and
ho
useh
old
good
s O
wn-
use
prod
uctio
n w
ork
of r
epai
ring
serv
ices
O
f whi
ch: W
ashi
ng
and
(dry
-) c
lean
ing
of te
xtile
and
fur
Ow
n-us
e pr
oduc
tion
wor
k of
laun
dry
serv
ices
O
f whi
ch: O
ther
pe
rson
al s
ervi
ce
activ
ities
n.e
.c.
89
Agriculture, forestry and f ishery products - - - - - - 3.3
Ores and minerals; electricity, gas and w ater - - - - - - 54.3
of w hich: Water supply and miscellaneous services relating to the dw elling (COICOP 04.4.1 to 04.4. - - - - - - -
of w hich: Electricity, gas and other fuels(COICOP 04.5.1 to 04.5.5) - - - - - -
of w hich: Operation of personal transport equipment (COICOP 07.2.) - - - - - - -
Food products, beverages and tobacco; textiles, apparel and leather products - - - - - - 10.1
of w hich: Food products for the preparation of home meals (COICOP 01.1.1 to 01.2.1) - - - - - - -
of w hich: Clothing and footw ear (COICOP 03.) - - - - - - -
of w hich: Household Textiles (COICOP 05.2.0) - - - - - - -
Other transportable goods, except metal products, machinery and equipment 2.5 - - 5.0 - - 100.9
of w hich: Glassw are, tablew are and household utensils (COICOP 05.4) - - - - - - -
of w hich: Tools and equipment for house and gardens (COICOP 05.5) - - - 0.1 - - -
of w hich: Goods and services for routine household maintenance COICOP(05.6.1 AND 05.6.2) 0.0 - - 0.0 0.0 - -
of w hich: Other recreational items and equipment, gardens and pets (COICOP 09.3.3) 2.5 - - 5.0 - - -
Metal products, machinery and equipment - - - - - - 9.0
of w hich: Household appliances (COICOP 05.3.1 to 05.3.3) - - - - - - -
of w hich: Transport equipment (COICOP 07.1) - - - - - - -
Constructions and construction services - - - - - - 67.4
of w hich: Maintenance and repair of the dw elling (COICOP 04.3.1 and 04.3.2) - - - - - - -
Distributive trade services; accommodation, food and beverage serving services; transport services; and electricity, gas and w ater distribution services
- - - - - -56.7
Financial and related services; real estate services; and rental and leasing services - - - - - - 60.2
of w hich: Actual Rent paid by tenants (COICOP 4.1.1) - - - - - - -
of w hich: Insurance (COICOP 12.5.2 AND 12.5.4) - - - - - - -
Business and production services 0.0 - - 0.1 0.0 - 53.9
of w hich: Repair of furniture, furnishings and f loor coverings (COICOP 05.1.3) - - - - - - -
Community, social and personal services - - - - - - 157.6
of w hich: Other appliances, articles and products for personal care (ND) (COICOP 12.1.3) - - - - - - -
of w hich: Other personal effects (SD) (COICOP 12.3.2) - - - - - - -
Ow n-use production w ork of clothing services - - - - - - -
Ow n-use production w ork of travel services - - - - 32.1 - -
Ow n-use production w ork of meal services - - - - - - -
Ow n-use production w ork of housing services - - - - - - -
Ow n-use production w ork of cleaning services - - - - - - -
Ow n-use production w ork of adult care services - - - - - - -
Ow n-use production w ork of childcare services - - - - - - -
Ow n-use production w ork of repairing services - - - - - - -
Ow n-use production w ork of laundry services - - - - - - -
Ow n-use production w ork of pet care services - - - - - - -
Ow n-use production w ork of gardening services - - - - - - -
Ow n-use production w ork of meal planning and shopping services - - - - - - -
Total 2.5 - - 5.1 32.1 - 573.5
Compensation of employees - 4.6 3.8 - - 0.8 338.0
Other taxes on production minus other subsidies on production - -0.0 -0.1 - - -0.8 31.9
Consumption of f ixed capital - - - - - - 75.7
Operating surplus and mixed income, net 16.9 0.3 0.2 15.2 23.4 - 185.2
Return to capital - 0.3 0.2 - - - 185.2
Imputed compensation for labour input to ow n-use production w ork of services 16.9 - - 15.2 23.4 - -
Value added, gross 16.9 4.9 3.9 15.2 23.4 - 630.8
Output 19.4 4.9 3.9 20.3 55.5 - 1204.3
million hours - - - - - - -
Hours w orked in paid employment - 58 58 - - 58 18,237
Hours w orked on education and training - - - - - - -
Hours w orked in ow n-use production w ork of services 1,978 - - 1,775 2,740 - -
Leisure time - - - - - - -
Other activities n.e.c. - - - - - - -
£billions
Ow
n-u
se p
roductio
n
work
of pet care
serv
ices
Activ
ities o
f household
s a
s
em
plo
yers
; O
f w
hic
h: oth
er
activ
ities o
f household
s a
s
em
plo
yers
of
dom
estic
pers
onnel
Ow
n-u
se p
roductio
n
work
of gard
enin
g
serv
ices
Ow
n-u
se p
roductio
n
work
of m
eal
pla
nnin
g a
nd
Of w
hic
h: oth
er
activ
ities o
f household
s a
s
Rest of th
e e
conom
y
90
Note: Please note that the sub classification of COICOP-groups is only an approximation, for illustrative purposes. Not the whole COICOP (sub)group may fall within the perimeters of the main heading of the use table.
Agriculture, forestry and fishery products 14.0 14.2 - - 1.0 2.1 17.3 31.3
Ores and minerals; electricity, gas and w ater 112.9 48.4 - - -0.6 12.5 60.3 173.2
of w hich: Water supply and miscellaneous services relating to the dw elling (COICOP 04.4.1 to 04.4. 2.8 1.8 - - - - 1.8 7.3
of w hich: Electricity, gas and other fuels(COICOP 04.5.1 to 04.5.5) 6.2 2.4 - - - - 2.4 14.5
of w hich: Operation of personal transport equipment (COICOP 07.2.) 18.1 7.8 - - - - 7.8 25.9
Food products, beverages and tobacco; textiles, apparel and leather products 120.3 23.8 - - 0.8 14.7 39.3 157.3
of w hich: Food products for the preparation of home meals (COICOP 01.1.1 to 01.2.1) 71.4 - - - - - - 71.4
of w hich: Clothing and footw ear (COICOP 03.) 2.2 0.9 - - 28.6 26.0 55.6 57.8
of w hich: Household Textiles (COICOP 05.2.0) 1.5 -0.1 - - - - -0.1 1.5
Other transportable goods, except metal products, machinery and equipment 265.0 125.5 - 11.5 32.3 137.8 307.1 572.1
of w hich: Glassw are, tablew are and household utensils (COICOP 05.4) 0.6 5.2 - - - - 5.2 5.8
of w hich: Tools and equipment for house and gardens (COICOP 05.5) 0.3 0.0 - - 0.2 - 0.2 0.6
of w hich: Goods and services for routine household maintenance COICOP(05.6.1 AND 05.6.2) 0.7 2.5 - - - - 2.5 3.2
of w hich: Other recreational items and equipment, gardens and pets (COICOP 09.3.3) 16.6 8.5 - - - - 8.5 25.1
Metal products, machinery and equipment 32.7 8.3 - - 37.2 20.7 34.3 45.7
of w hich: Household appliances (COICOP 05.3.1 to 05.3.3) 0.7 0.2 - - 1.2 - 1.3 2.0
of w hich: Transport equipment (COICOP 07.1) - 7.9 - - 21.7 - 29.6 29.6
Constructions and construction services 89.5 1.3 - - 102.6 2.1 106.1 195.5
of w hich: Maintenance and repair of the dw elling (COICOP 04.3.1 and 04.3.2) 1.8 1.2 - - - - 1.2 4.8
Distributive trade services; accommodation, food and beverage serving services; transport services; and electricity, gas and w ater distribution services
121.1 124.0 - 2.1 21.7 27.3 175.2 296.3
Financial and related services; real estate services; and rental and leasing services 128.1 247.8 0.2 - 7.0 52.0 307.0 428.8
of w hich: Actual Rent paid by tenants (COICOP 4.1.1) 16.9 7.3 - - - - 7.3 24.2
of w hich: Insurance (COICOP 12.5.2 AND 12.5.4) - - - - - - - -
Business and production services 85.4 82.7 - 4.1 55.1 44.5 186.4 341.7
of w hich: Repair of furniture, furnishings and floor coverings (COICOP 05.1.3) 1.0 27.3 - - 0.7 9.6 37.6 38.6
Community, social and personal services 283.6 90.9 42.3 253.3 31.7 61.4 479.6 760.5
of w hich: Other appliances, articles and products for personal care (ND) (COICOP 12.1.3) - - - - - - - -
of w hich: Other personal effects (SD) (COICOP 12.3.2) - - - - - - - -
Ow n-use production w ork of clothing services 0.2 4.2 - - - - - -
Ow n-use production w ork of travel services 105.9 214.9 - - - - - -
Ow n-use production w ork of meal services 33.9 308.5 - - - - - -
Ow n-use production w ork of housing services 45.7 123.6 - - - - - -
Ow n-use production w ork of cleaning services - 129.1 - - - - - -
Ow n-use production w ork of adult care services - 61.6 - - - - - -
Ow n-use production w ork of childcare services - 222.6 - - - - - -
Ow n-use production w ork of repairing services - 8.6 - - - - - -
Ow n-use production w ork of laundry services 6.0 60.3 - - - - - -
Ow n-use production w ork of pet care services - 19.4 - - - - - -
Ow n-use production w ork of gardening services - 20.3 - - - - - -
Ow n-use production w ork of meal planning and shopping services - 55.5 - - - - - -
Total 1444.3 1995.7 42.5 271.0 288.9 375.1 1712.5 3002.4
Compensation of employees 674.5
Other taxes on production minus other subsidies on production 39.2
Consumption of f ixed capital 166.0
Operating surplus and mixed income, net 1261.8
Return to capital 365.0
Imputed compensation for labour input to ow n-use production w ork of services 896.8
Value added, gross 2141.5
Output 3585.8
million hours Total hours
Hours w orked in paid employment 67,716
Hours w orked on education and training 14,423
Hours w orked in ow n-use production w ork of services 104,925
Leisure time 118,203
Other activities n.e.c. 140,379
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5.1 In
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5.2 T
5.2
T223.used as work. Hmethodbelow.
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H225.househoweaknededicatefor the rthe foculess costhe poteservicesons to etime-us
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Chapter 5 exices and dists. This chapf services, a
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Themea
2.1 Alter
he guidancethe source
However, thdologies, and
t is generallyvision of sestrative datactivities. Sout will not bnsidered furt
However, it iold surveys esses. The ped TUS of trelative rarius on them astly, methodential to incs. It would bexisting survse survey.
ImpleChalle
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asureme
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he term "timd applies to
y assumed tervices. Thea) which achome other opbe suitable fother in this r
is worth disto collect inrimary reasthe type outity of dedicaand their co
ds which courease the cobe particulaveys, which
ementaenges
thecha
ues surroundous approacighlights a rey might be he frequencof services.
entofin
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hapter 3 noteation on labo
me-use surve many diffe
that a houseere is not yethieves compptions, such
for measuremreport.
scussing thenformation
son for this itlined in theated TUSs boverage is inuld produceoverage of iarly beneficih would offe
91
ationan
apter
ding the meches to collerange of posuseful for py of produc
nputs
ormeasur
ed the generour input they" does noterent approa
ehold surveyt any widelyprehensive,h as experienment of own
e alternativeon the timeis the relativ
e guides. Thboth in the dncreasing ove comparabinformationial if these mer a substan
ndMea
easurement ecting to infssible indicapolicymakerction and the
ringlabo
ral preferenhrough own t refer to a saches, some
y will measy applicable high qualitnce samplinn use provis
e methodoloe use and thve cost and
his cost and developed aver time. Thle results to
n on time spemethods cou
ntial cost sav
asurem
of own-use formation oators for owrs. Finally, e level of de
ourinput
nce that a deuse provisi
single narroe of which a
ure the laboe alternativety measuresng and direcsion of serv
ogies that cohe associated
complexitycomplexity
and develophe availabil
o time-use suent in own uuld be implving versus
ment
productionon the measuwn-use prod
the Guide petail for esti
t
edicated TUion of servicow set of are discusse
our input to e (e.g., big ds of time spect observativices so they
ould be usedd strengths y of compley largely accping worlds,ity of alternurveys wouuse provisiolemented asa full stand
n work urement
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own data, ent on on, do y are
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5.2
In226.for the m
T227.approacsimplifyillustratin a gen
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2.2 Methtime
n broad termmeasureme
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o Dvha(appr
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a) A full timinformat
b) A light dto captu
odologicuse
ms, the mainnt of time u
ch to data rs.
Diary approvarious apphour periodactivities to(ranging froasks responperformed. presented torespondent subsequentlStylized quetime spent oRecording measuremesecondary aapproach tofor the recoincorporate
lection modeing left behy involve a pn is an emerclear potentce period: God. This canafter the intes will be a ry 1 or 7 daythe seasonaldcare which spectively.
f different opuring informf discussingange of optse househol
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ure informat
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n choices whuse are:
recording: T
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A further vo the responcan enter acly coded (reestions: Thion activitiesof secondarnt objectiveactivities ano data recordording of seced in full dia
de: Diary aphind and subpersonal intrging optiontial both forGenerally, dn either be berview (tometrospectiveys before thlity of own-are likely t
ptions outlimation on tig these alterions availabld survey. T
vey involvine use. through a hotion on time
92
esindesi
hich have to
The options
y approacheve been takeut can vary ed against eaes to 60 mincord the starvariation relndent (referrctivities as eferred to asis approachs retrospectiry/simultanes of the surnd this is an ding. For excondary actaries.
pproaches cbsequently terview (by n - not yet er stylized qudiaries will based on rec
morrow diarye period as e interview-use productto take place
ined above cime spent ornatives, thible - from a
These appro
ng a full dia
ousehold sue use (e.g., a
igningas
o be made i
s here are a
es are most ten. Diaries from presenach time penutes), or a rt and end tates to whered to as a lopen endeds a full diary
h involves asively using
neous activirvey it may important c
xample, lightivities that
can involve collected. Stelephone o
extensively uestions or dinvolve rec
call (yesterdy). The refedefined for ). Data colltion work oe during sum
create a widn own use ps chapter w
a full time-uaches are:
ary and desi
urvey that haa labour forc
surveyto
in designing
diary versu
typical usedgenerally cnting a full riod using fmore stylizime of eachther a list olight diary ind text whichy). sking the rea set of pre
ities: Depenbe desired
consideratioht diaries crtend to be m
either persoStylized queor face to faused for timdiary approaording activ
day diary) orrence periothe survey ection shou
of services, smmer mont
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will assess thuse survey to
igned prima
as not been ce survey).
omeasur
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us stylized
d in TUSs bover the fultimeline wi
fixed intervazed approachh activity f activities in the guides
h will be
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on in the choreate complimore easily
onal interviestions will ace). Web me use data aches. vities over ar be compled for stylizein question
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5.2
B228.and cosconclus
Table 5Assessm
Approac
Full TUSidentified(2013))
c) A housea pre-dequestion
2.3 Summ
Both the UNst implicatiosions are sum
.1 ment of diff
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S (best practid in UNECE
ehold surveyefined list ofns on time s
maryasse
N Guide (200ons of differmmarised in
fferent appr
ce approach Guidelines
y on any puf activities (pent on hou
essment
05) and the rent approacn Table 5.1
roaches to
Comment
Generally best qualitrecording gives the ganalysis. Tmakes recoactivities etime diarycontextualin the persfor an in- duse and itshouseholdWhere theunderstandadditional of supplemsupport anthrough peadministerdiary. A concernrespondenthey are retheir activito allow suthose activ
93
urpose inclu(e.g., an incusehold serv
ofdiffer
UNECE Guches in diffebelow:
collection i
ts on data qu
considered toty. Open-endeof activities a
greatest flexibThe full diaryording of seceasier versus
y. The additionl information sonal interviedepth analysis impact on thd. e particular inding use of timbenefit is tha
mentary questnalysis can beersonal intervred additional
n can arise fornts with low liequired to wriities accurateubsequent codvities.
ding stylizecome and exvices).
entappr
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information
uality
o be the ed and times bility in
y also condary a light nal collected w allows is of time he
nterest is me, an at a range tions to e added views lly to the
r iteracy, as ite out all
ely enough ding of
ed questionsxpenditure s
roaches
2013) discus of detail. T
n on time u
Comments burden andRespondent approach as dedicated tomeasuremenrespondent mactivities. Cost is also survey is usnot meet othobjectives whigher burdeand risking dafter data coprocessing ointensive duinformation must be codanalysis.
s on time spsurvey with
ss the data qThe main
use
on responded cost
burden is higthe full surve
o detailed nt of time usemust record a
high as a deded and will gher measuremwithout creatinen on the respdata quality.
ollection, the of data is resoue to the open
on activities ded to allow f
pent on
quality
ent
gh in this ey is
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dicated generally ment ng even pondent Even
ource n-ended
that for
94
Approach Comments on data quality Comments on respondent burden and cost
Light time diary with a household survey
Considered to give good quality information but limited to a pre-defined set of activities. The UN Guide (2005) suggests that an upper limit of 30 activities should be covered and these activities could be limited to those of interest for a specific purpose. However, evidence suggests that a bias may arise if the list of activities does not comprehensively cover each 24 hour period so this needs to be borne in mind in designing the list of activities. The quality of data will be dependent on how well the respondents are able to relate their activities to the list presented, so careful testing of the activity list will be needed. A benefit of a light time diary could be the use of the same set of activities across countries thereby aiding the comparability of the statistics produced without requiring a major coding effort. A standard classification (ICATUS 2016) was developed by UNSD.
Respondent burden is lower than a full TUS that attempts to cover all activities over a 24-hour period. When considered globally, although attaching a light time use diary to a household survey designed for another purpose does increase overall respondent burden, the burden is lower than two separate dedicated surveys, although this Guide does recognise that there will be some increase in responder burden. This approach can also be easier for respondents with low levels of literacy. Cost is also lower as the diary is attached to a survey being performed for another purpose. Depending on the approach chosen, cost could still be relatively high if repeat visits are required to collect diaries. Processing of the data is substantially less resource intensive than a full diary given that the activities are pre-coded.
Stylized questions in a household survey
Both the UN Guide (2005) and the UNECE Guidelines (2013) outline the quality concerns surrounding the use of stylized questions quoting evidence from different studies. A number of studies note an overestimation of time spent in gainful and domestic work when stylized questions are used. This is of clear concern to any efforts to value own use provision of services. The relative lack of detail collected will also limit the analytical value of the data. However, if the main measurement objective is to obtain information on total time spent on different pre-defined activities then stylized questions could prove sufficient for this purpose if other quality concerns could be addressed.
Respondent burden is the lowest of the different approaches as the information is collected during a personal interview through a relatively short set of questions that only ask for total amount of time spent over a given period. Cost is the lowest of the different options, as separate diaries do not need to be printed and no repeat visits will be required. Depending on the approach taken to the light diary approach the cost difference may be very large or relatively small. The amount of data to be processed will also generally be the least of the different approaches.
W229.highest alternatthe mod
A230.developon theirprovidethe comother ov
Su231.as an apserviceswide ramethodUNECE
5.2
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T233.endorseclassificHarmonGuidelibased oupdate H
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2.4 Class
n the case ofer, the codincation and stimate. A liges. Thereford regardlessn classifica
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One clear benof work framferent forms
At the top lev
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ber of pre-cld also coverding of at lhey regard ace from inte
d in Chaptesting alternarengths and reviewing
of different
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es (2013) pr
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f a full diaryng of activisubsequent ght time diare, despite ths of the dataation will be
ional Classinited Nationhe main intepean Time Uinclude recnts of ICATth reference
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nd ICATUS
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opean time use
95
incorporatinattached to se, care is n
mendations
ities should ies to avoid
arallel activiary one. needed to a
ber of internse collections. The Task
ng existing gs and how th
ests that stylstimates of g and designces (such aslly considerer detail on
tiestobe
of the rangeds to allowof values byized questiot approacheapproach ccomparabili
Activities foal Commisseference. A(HETUS) pons for a brETUS, and
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6 is that it ha9th ICLS, cr.
nine activit
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ng a full diaa household
needed in thefor light tim
be sufficiend the effectsity with resp
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lized questitime spent ning the dats collection red. The UN
these issue
emeasur
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for Time Usion in Marc
Another classprepared byroad activityon policy n
e rounds of
as been devreating a cle
ty domains
08 Guidelines.
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me diary app
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pplication otries.
(ICATUS) a common
vailable is th4 The UNECtion of time are develop
urveys in Eu
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in Table 5.2
g.
the g
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to the tween
2.
Table 5ICATU
1 – Emp
2 – Prod
3 – Unpwork of
4 – Unpwork of
5 – Unp
6 – Lea
7 – Soc
8 – Cult
9 – Self
T236.at the tothree an
A237.voluntehousehoanyone separate
T238.collecti
.2 US 2016 cla
ployment an
duction of g
paid domestf services)
paid care givf care servic
paid volunte
arning
cializing and
ture, leisure
f-care and m
here is a cleop level of Ind category
At the next leeer work beiolds and 52applying IC
ely identify
his Guide ron and repo
assification
nd related a
goods for ow
tic services
ving serviceces)
eer, trainee
d communic
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maintenance
ear link betwICATUS 20four while
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ecommendsorting of tim
– top level
activities
wn final use
for househo
es for house
and other u
cation, comm
dia and spor
e
ween the fo016. Own usvolunteer w
ATUS the ded by two catommunity –16 down to rovision and
s to use ICAme use data.
96
e
old and fam
ehold and fa
unpaid work
munity part
rts practices
orms of workse provision
work is part
elineation oegories (51 – and organat least the
d services an
ATUS 2016
mily member
amily memb
k
ticipation an
s
k frameworn of serviceof category
f the forms – unpaid di
nization-bassecond dignd voluntee
6 as the prim
rs (own-use
bers (own-u
nd religious
rk and the fis is split bety five.
of work beirect volunted volunteeit level willer work from
mary classifi
e production
use producti
s practice
irst five catetween categ
comes clearteering for oering). As sul be able to m other acti
ication for
n
ion
egories gory
r with other uch
ivities.
97
Annex5.1:Comparisonofexistingandrecommendedinternationalactivityclassificationsformeasuringtimeuse(mappedtoICATUS2016)
ICATUS 2016 HETUS UNECE
MD1 – Employment and related activities
1 – Employment 1/
910 – Travel to/from work
Employment
Travel
MD2 – Production of goods for own final use
62 – Productive exercise
311– Food preparation, baking and preserving (also includes activities under ICATUS, MD3)
333 – Handicraft and producing textiles
341 – Gardening (also includes activities under ICATUS, MD3)
342 – Tending domestic animals
351 – House construction and renovation
353 - Making, repairing and maintaining equipment
MD3 – Unpaid domestic services for household and family members (own-use production work of services)
312 – Dish washing
32 – Household upkeep
331 – Landry
332 – Ironing
339 – Other or unspecified making of and care for textiles
342 – Tending domestic animals
343 – Caring for pets
344 – Walking the dog
349 – Other or unspecified gardening and pet care
352 – Repairs to dwelling
353 – Making, repairing and maintaining equipment
354 – Vehicle maintenance
359 – Other or unspecified construction and repairs
Housework
Meal preparation
Travel
98
361– Shopping
362 – Commercial and administrative services
369 – Other or unspecified shopping and services
37 – Household Management
MD4 – Unpaid care giving services for household and family members (own-use production work of care services)
38 – Childcare
39 – Help to an adult family member
423 – Care of own children living in another household
424 – Other childcare as help to another household
425 – Help to an adult of another household
429 – Other or unspecified informal help to another household
938 – Travel related to childcare
Childcare
Caring for adults and people with disability
Travel
MD5 – Unpaid volunteer, trainee and other unpaid work
41 – Organisational work
421 – Construction and repairs as help
422 – Help in employment and farming
424 – Other childcare as help to another household
425 – Help to an adult of another household
429 – Other or unspecified informal help to another household
939 – Travel related to other household care
940 – Travel related to voluntary work and meetings
Volunteering - organization based (may be formal or informal organizations)
Direct volunteering - for other households or other people generally
Travel
MD6 – Learning 2 – Study
920 – Travel related to study
Education
Travel
MD7 – Socializing and communication, community participation and religious practice
432 – Religious activities
439 – Other or unspecified participatory activities
51 – Social life
Culture and leisure participation
Travel
99
713 – Correspondence
723 – Communication by computing
950 – Travel related to social life
MD8 – Culture, leisure, mass media and sports practices
52 – Entertainment and culture
53 – Resting-Time out
61 – Physical exercise
63 – Sports related activities
711 – Arts (visual, performing, literary)
712 – Collecting
719 – Other or unspecified hobbies
722 – Information by computing
729 – Other or unspecified computing
73 – Games
8 – Mass media
960 – Travel related to other leisure
998 – Unspecified leisure time
Culture and leisure participation
Crafts and hobbies
Sports participation
Reading
Travel
MD9 – Self-care and maintenance
0 – Personal Care
121 – Lunch break
363 – Personal services
Sleeping
Personal care
Travel
MD = Major Division Notes: 1/ HETUS, under employment, has category 121 Lunch break. Breaks during employment in ICATUS 2016 are restricted to hours actually worked within the production boundary. Longer meal breaks such as lunch are beyond the production boundary, and therefore, considered under 921 Eating meals/snack and 922 Drinking other than with meal or snack (ICATUS 2016 (page 131): https://unstats.un.org/unsd/statcom/48th-session/documents/BG-3h-ICATUS-2016-13-February-2017-E.pdf).
Chap
6.1 Inp
U239.crucial policiesprovidesummarindicatoparticul“UNECNew Zeconside
6.1
A240.servicesnutritionbroad cthese in
6.1.1.1
6.1.1.1.
T241.work ofand OE
Table 6Indicat
Indicat
Total hoof servi
Averagperson
15 The puQuestionrespectiv
pter6
ndicatopolicyse
Understandinfor policym
s that act as e them with ry of such inors that can lar function
CE Questionealand, Unitered.
1.1 Gene
As mentiones in general n, clothing,ategories: h
ndividually i
Output
1 Hours
o date, varif services ac
ECD. Table
6.1 tors for me
tor
ours devoteices activitie
e hours per
ublications sugnnaire on Unpave national lan
Repor
rsofowetting
ng processemakers. This
adequate inmeaningfulndicators. Bbe applied s only. This
nnaire on Unted Kingdom
eralindic
d above, geas well as t adult and c
hours, valuein order to i
ous countryctivities as i6.1 summar
asuring ph
ed to own-uses per year/
year/month
ggested by Coaid Household
nguage.
rting
wn‐usep
es and dynams is due to thncentives tol indicators
By and largeto any houss analysis wnpaid Housm and Unite
cators
eneral indicato any of itschildcare ane, inputs, conidentify reli
y publicationindicators (erises the mo
hysical volu
se productio/month/week
h/week/day
olombia, Hungd Service Wor
100
product
mics withinheir responso the popula
that optimae, indicatorssehold funct
was establishsehold Servied States. In
ators are apps specific fund transportnsumption iable key in
ns have usee.g., Unitedost frequent
ume of own
on work k/day
per
gary, Japan, Mrk” could not
ionwor
n own-use prsibility to foation. Thereally reflect rs are groupetion - and sphed based oice Work”15
ndicators pu
plicable to ounctions. Am. Overall, geand taxes. T
ndicators.
ed the hoursd Kingdom, tly used indi
-use produ
Source
Australia, CSwitzerlanStates
Canada, SwUnited Sta
Mexico and Nobe included a
rkofser
roduction wormulate efffore, it is inreality. Thised into genepecific - onn six countr5: Australia,ublished by
own-use promong these eneral indicThe analysis
s spent on owCanada, anicators.
uction work
Canada, Nend, United K
witzerland, ates, OECD
orway within tas they were on
rvicesfo
work of servfective sociandispensables section preeral indicatones that appry replies to, Canada, FOECD wer
oduction woare housing
cators fall ins will consi
wn-use prodnd New Zea
k of service
ew Zealand,Kingdom, U
United Kin
the “UNECE nly available i
or
vices is al e to esents a ors - ply to o the inland, re also
ork of g, nto five der
duction aland)
s
, United
ngdom,
in the
Indicat
(Averagwork ofon form
(Averagown-us
Ratio ofto markchildcar
O242.of serviproducthand, thKingdoare partdistribuappropr
6.1.1.1.2
A243.Those i
Table 6Indicat
Indicat
Total vaservices
Value operson (
GDP (pproduct
Averagincludin
T244.Estimat2011 thapproxiapproaccontextintermeFurthermof serviwhen coconside
tor
ge) hours def services ac
mal working
ge) hours dee productio
f output proket. E.g., ratre hours.
On the one hices in genetion work ofhe applicatioom stating thticularly useutes its timeriate policie
2 Value
Another catendicators ar
6.2 tors for me
tor
alue of owns (as percen
of own-use p(as percenta
per capita) wtion work of
e annual grong own-use
hese indicated of Houshe value of oimately 50%ch (OECD, s: In particu
ediate consumore, the Oices (in termonsidering tering officia
evoted to owctivities/(av
g activities
evoted to spn work of s
oduced by htio of inform
hand, these ieral. For exaf services amon to specifhat people peful for poli. This, in tu
es in return.
egory of indre summaris
asuring the
n-use producntage of GD
production age of GDP
with/withouf services (p
owth in GDproduction
ators are uniehold Produown-use pro% in Finland2011b). Ag
ular, the Unumption) in OECD statesms of 2008 pthe replacemal GDP stati
wn-use prodverage) hour
pecific areasservices acti
household comal to forma
indicators cample, Austmounted tofic householprovided 8.1icymakers a
urn, allows t
dicators is thsed in Table
e value of o
ction work DP)
work of serP per capita)
t own-use per person)
DP (per capin work of se
versally ackuction of Noduction wod and 40% igain, these innited Kingdo
2014 was es that annuaprices) in thment cost apistics. Simil
101
duction rs spent
s or total ivities
ompared al
an be used wtralia report 25.23 hourld functions1 billion houas they give them to unc
he value of oe 6.2 below
own-use pr
of
rvices per )
ita) ervices
knowledgedon-Market ork of servicin Canada andicators haom househoequal to £82al GDP growhe United Stpproach in carly, the Un
Source
Australia, C
Australia, C
United Kin
with respeced in 2006 trs per week s is also posurs of adult them an ovover advers
own-use prow.
oduction w
Source
Australia, CKingdom,
Canada
Finland, O
OECD, Un
d. In its worServices”, tces as a per
according toave also beeold laundry 2.8 billion, iwth includintates betweecomparisonnited Kingd
Canada, OE
Canada, OE
ngdom
ct to own-usthat the totaon average
ssible, such care in 201
verview of hse patterns a
oduction wo
work of serv
Canada, FinUnited Stat
ECD, Unite
nited Kingd
rking paper the OECD hcentage of G
o the opportuen utilized iservice GV
i.e. 4.6% of ng own-use en 1975 and
n to a growthdom Househ
ECD
ECD
se productioal unpaid owe. On the oth
as the Unit14. These nuhow the popand shape
ork of servi
vices
nland, Unitetes, OECD
ed Kingdom
om
“Incorporathighlights thGDP was unity cost in narrower
VA (output mf GDP.
productiond 2008 was h of 3.1% whold Satellit
on work wn-use her ed umbers pulation
ces.
ed
m
ting hat as of
minus
n work 2.7%
when te
Accounincreaseto 3.8%
6.1.1.2
T245.indicato
6.1.1.2.
T246.market meanin
Table 6Indicat
Indicat
Value oof serviapproac
Averagproducta percenworkers
Differenall workproduct
Fo247.engagedemployThis amprovideapproac
nt (2016) higes its averag
%.
Inputs
he inputs inors. In this r
1 Labour
he labour dcompensatigful (Table
6.3 tors for me
tor
of labour coices (by oppch) (as perce
e wage ratetion work ofntage of thes/workers o
nce betweenkers and of tion work of
or exampled in own-us
yed workers mounts to a des detailed sch (Figure 6
ghlights thage annual gr
nto own-useregard, the l
devoted to oion. Still, in6.3).
asuring lab
sts in own-uportunity or entage of G
e of persons f services ac
e wages of af a specific
n the averagpersons engf services ac
, the Unitedse productiohas decline
difference ostatistics wit6.1).
at including rowth 0.3 p
e productionlabour inves
wn-use prondicators tak
bour devote
use productreplacemen
GDP/total wa
engaged owctivities e.gall employedsector)
ge hourly wgaged in owctivities
d States estimon work of sed graduallyof approximth respect to
102
own-use prpercentage p
n work of sested is pivot
duction working into ac
ed to own-u
tion work nt cost age bill)
wn-use g., $/hr (as d
wages of wn-use
mated that tservices as ay over time
mately $20 po this indica
roduction wpoints betwe
ervices can tal.
rk of serviccount the fo
use produc
Source
Finland, Sw
Australia, United Sta
United Sta
the averagea percentagand was sli
per hour in aator as well,
work of serveen 2005 an
also derive
ces does notoregone wag
ction work
witzerland,
Canada, Finates
ates
wages of he of the wagightly belowabsolute term, utilizing th
vices within nd 2014, fro
meaningful
t receive reage bill are
of services
OECD
nland, Switz
household wges of all
w 30% as ofms. Australhe replacem
GDP om 3.5%
l
al-
zerland,
workers
f 2009. lia
ment cost
Figure 6Averag
Source: A
and Hour
6.1.1.2.2
In248.consum
Table 6Indicatservice
Indicat
Househservices
Househservicesmarket
6.1 ge weekly h
Australian Bu
rs (EEH), 200
2 Consum
n addition tomption side m
6.4 tors for mes
tor
hold consums work (as p
hold consums work relatgoods and s
hours and w
ureau of Statist
06
ption
o the producmay also be
asuring ho
mption of owpercentage o
mption of owtive to the cservices
wage rate b
tics (ABS) Tim
ction side oe considered
ousehold co
wn-use prodof GDP)
wn-use prodconsumption
103
by househol
me Use Surve
f own-use pd. The follow
onsumption
duction of
duction of n of
ld function
ey (TUS), 200
production wwing indica
n of own-us
Source
OECD
Finland
n, 2006
06 and Survey
work of servators are ava
se productio
of Employee
vices, its ailable:
on work of
Earnings
f
A249.type of services
Figure 6Total h(Purchas
Source: O
A250.productproduceof overameals o
6.1.1.2.3
A251.services2001 re
Table 6Tax ba
Indicat
Foregon
Foregon
VAT on
Pe252.policymSimilar if hired
As becomes indicator. Os work in va
6.2 household csing power p
OECD (2011b
As indicated tion of servie and consuall meal pro
outside the h
3 Taxes
Another apprs is to consieport. More
6.5 ased indicat
tor
ne labour ta
ne profit tax
n intermedia
ersons engamakers, it is
reasoning cfor providi
evident fromOECD (201arious coun
consumptioparities, Unit
b).
above, oneices work to
ume €32 billoduction, rehouse.
roach to invider the taxespecifically
tors for me
axes (as perc
xes (as perc
ate goods u
aging in ownvaluable to
can be appliing real-mar
m the indica1b) present
ntries in 200
on of own-ued States = 1
e may also co market serlion of ownflecting mo
vestigate thees involved.y, the follow
easuring ow
centage of t
entage of to
used for own
n-use produo get an impied to comprket service
104
ated sources the total c
08 (Figure 6
use product100)
consider thervices. For -use produc
ore produced
e size and n. Finland, fo
wing indicat
wn-use prod
total tax bas
otal tax base
n-use produ
uction workpression of tpanies and ts.
s, very few consumption.2).
tion of serv
e consumptiinstance, Fiction work od within the
ature of owor instance, tors could b
duction wo
se)
e)
uction work
k of servicesthe scale of their respect
reports havn of own-us
vices work,
on ratio of oinland reporof meal serve home as op
wn-use produsuggested t
be developed
rk of servic
of services
s are not paithe foregontive profit ta
ve referred tse productio
2008
own-use rts that housvices. This ipposed to h
uction workthis strategyd (see Table
ces
id. Howeverne labour taxaxes to be d
to this on of
seholds is 57%
having
k of y in its e 6.5).
r, for x base.
deducted
In253.own-usbudget,consumservices
6.1
A254.servicesintends
Table 6Specific
Own-u
produc
work
servic
activi
Housing
Nutrition
Adult Ca
Childcare
n addition, ie productio however, s
mers they dos.
1.2 Speci
As already ms, there is a to give an o
6.6 c indicator
use
ction
of
ce
ity
Tax o
Intere
n Numb
are
Timeservic
Numbforma
Numbapart
Tax-ecare
e
Timeservic
Perceor fle
individuals pn work of s
since the pero not reimbu
ificindica
mentioned, irange of inoverview of
rs of own-us
In
on property
est on mortgag
ber of visits to
e spent in/valuce relative to
ber of adults wal care arrang
ber of older gments
efficient expen
e spent in/valuce relative to
entage of pareexible work ar
pay VAT oservices actirsons engag
urse VAT, w
ators
n addition tdicators thaf these (see
se producti
ndicator
ge and amorti
o the superma
ue of informal formal service
who do not livements
generation frie
nses for inform
ue of informal formal service
ents with parenrrangements
105
n intermediivities. Thesging in ownwhich can le
to general inat are specifTable 6.6).
ion work o
ization
arket
adult care es
ve in
ndly
mal adult
child care es
ntal leave
iate goods thse purchase
n-use producead to a high
ndicators offic to the ho
f services
The number impression oproduction w
Used to assescaring.
These two inmany elderlyare hence mofamily. Natioinformation.
Used to assescare, and initparticipation
National paninformation. panel (SOEPyour career inmore childreleave?”
hat they subs add to thection work oher value in
f own-use pousehold fun
Comm
of visits to suon the time spework of service
ss governmen
ndicators are iny persons still ore dependentonal panel surv
ss governmentiatives aimedrates of moth
nel surveys cou For example
P) asks the follnterrupted by n, e.g., matern
bsequently ue governmenof services an calculating
roduction wnction. This
ment
upermarkets coent on own-uses.
nt policy on ad
ndicative for hlive in their h
t on support frveys could pr
nt policies on cd at increasinghers
uld provide the, the German lowing questiothe birth of o
nity leave or p
used for nt’s are final g their
work of s section
onveys an se
dult
how home and rom their rovide this
child
his national on: “Was ne or
parental
Own-u
produc
work
servic
activi
Transpor
6.2 P
T255.measurepolicymproductclearly enable i
It256.useful taspects countrieservicessuch as the samKingdoown-us
T257.work ofthat canuse survserviceschangesyears. Covercomsurvey. to exploUnited maintencollectemodelle
Fi258.are inteinternat
use
ction
of
ce
ity
rt
Total(per pwork
Amouinsur
Periodic
here are twes of own-u
makers, and tion work ofadvantageoimproved as
t is also posthan others. of own-use
es might mes every 5 yea TUS - it m
me time. Howom, there is e productio
he availabilf services. Cn be expensivey every 5s following s, and countCountries arme the consAn alternat
ore alternatiKingdom la
nance and ued annually ed using inf
inally, measrnationally tional consi
In
l trip miles perperson) exerci
k of services
unt of money rance/taxes for
city
o main factuse productithe availabf services ar
ous to produssessment o
sible that soIn this case
e productioneasure of thears. This apmakes morewever, for tmore scopen work of s
lity of data Countries thive to imple-10 years wa similar cy
tries shouldre encouragestraints impotive approacive sources argely favou
upkeep usingusing stylis
formation fr
sures of owcomparablestency of es
ndicator
r year/month/ising own-pro
spent on r vehicles
ors that shoion work ofility of datare deeply ro
uce estimateof policy ini
ome aspectse, it might mn work of sehe value of ipproach is le sense to mhose that ad
e to choose wservices.
will largelyhat adopt anement. The
with estimateycle. This is
d aim to meaed to explorosed by relych, for thoseof informaturs an outpug an input ased questionrom the mos
wn-use produe. The recomstimates of o
106
/week/day oduction
ould determif services. Ta. Regardingooted in poles on a regulitiatives, an
s of own-usemore suitablervices at dinformal chi
less suitablemeasure all odopt the outwhen to pro
y dictate the n input meth
standard apes of the vas not frequeasure own-ure options, aying on expe countries tion to bencut approachapproach. Hns on housest recent TU
uction workmmendationown-use pro
ine the freqThese are theg the formerlicy decisionlar – annuald more time
e productionle for countrifferent freqildcare annue for countriown-use protput approacoduce measu
ability to mhodology wipproach seemalue of own-ent enough tuse productialready outlensive, andreliant on T
chmark agaih, it measureHours spent c
hold surveyUS conducte
k of servicesns of this Goduction wo
Comm
quency of preir usefulner, if measurns in a counl or bienniaely analysis
n work of sries to prodquencies. Foually and thies that use oduction woch, such as tures of diffe
measure ownill rely on tims to be co-use producto accuratelyion work oflined in this
d infrequent TUSs every inst. For inses the valuecleaning, foys. These esed in 2000.
s are more uGuide act to i
ork of servi
ment
roduction ofess to res of own-untry, then it al - basis. Ths of well-bei
ervices are duce differenor instance, he value of l
a single souork of servithe United erent activit
n-use produime-use survnducting a t
ction work oy reflect socf services evs chapter to full-scale ti10 years or
stance, whil of home
or instance, stimates are
useful whenimprove theices. To aid
f
use is
his will ing.
more nt
laundry urce, ces at
ties of
uction veys time-
of cietal very 2-3
ime-use r so, is e the
are then
n they e
comparshould ayears enwork of
6.3 Hs
H259.are impheadlinuse prodemphaspresent apply tomore easerviceswide-rastraightTypicalprovidework ofchildrendrawba
B260.breakdowork ofchildren
rability it is aim to releanding in 5 af services.
Howshoservices
Headline meportant to aide measures duction wor
sising the neown-use pr
o both the hasily underts. The unitsange of variatforward witlly, output ber of the servf childcare sn being carecks of the o
Beyond the iowns to enaf services byn.
recommendase periodicand 0. This e
ouldmeabebrok
asures of owd policy devare disaggrrk of serviceed to disagroduction w
hours of inpuaken using of input areables relatinth the outpu
based measuvice. For inservices , it ed for, but leoutput appro
indicators mable a richery ethnicity,
ded that coucally as descenables a m
asuresokendow
wn-use prodvelopment aregated is eqes are close
ggregate by work of servut, or units the input ape usually mng to the indut approach ures provide
nstance, in ais relativelyess is knowoach, descri
mentioned abr level of anincome dis
107
untries harmcribed abov
much richer d
ofown‐uwn?
duction worand assess wqually as imely linked togender. Fur
vices by ageof output, approach to m
measured viadividual andthat is usua
e more inforan output apy straightfor
wn about whibed in more
bove, countnalysis. Thisstribution, e
monise refere, they shoudegree of an
usepro
rk of servicewell-being.
mportant. Foo issues relarthermore, c, and house
and the valumeasuring oa a survey thd the househally measurrmation onproach to mrward to an
ho is providie detail in C
tries are encs includes mducation lev
rence perioduld also aimnalysis of o
duction
es, describeHowever, t
or instance, ating to gendcountries shhold compo
ue of producown-use prohat will typihold. It is ned from the the consum
measuring ownalyse by theing the care
Chapter 3.
couraged to measuring owvel, region,
ds. While com to publish own-use pro
nworko
ed in detail ithe degree tomeasures oder inequali
hould aim toosition. Thisction. This toduction woically includ
not so e top-down. mer than thewn-use proe age of the
e. This is on
provide furwn-use prodand age of
ountries in duction
of
in 5.3, o which f own-ity, o s should task is ork of de a
e duction
e ne of the
rther duction
Chap
T261.Republidescriptcommoyear.
7.1 MC
7.1
In262.Statisticdifferenhave bewith res
T263.CanadainstitutiTerritorapproxirandom
Si264.variatiohour diahours foensure ain accourequesteof the ainstancerepairs househounpaid organiz
In265.the helpthe 200increase
A266.cell-pho
pter7
his section ic of Moldotion of the cn definition
MeasurinCanada’s
1.1 Meastime‐
nformation ocs Canada’snt theme eaceen conductsults expect
he GSS cova, excluding ions. Imputaries). Until imately 10,0
m digit dialli
ince 1992, ton in the useary for one ollowing thean equal repunt becauseed to report
activity, whees for whomand maintenold managework (volun
zations).
n the 1998 ep of comput5 TUS, a ‘wed to 15,390
An in-depth rone-only ho
CaseS
provides caova, Switzercoverage, mn, comparab
ngandvsexperi
uringow‐usesurv
on the time s General Soch year and ed via the Gted in autum
vers all persresidents o
ations were 1998, the st000 respondng techniqu
the TUS hae of time. Rpre-designae designatedpresentatione it was unclt each activien it startedm. Unpaid hnance), help
ement, transpnteer work
edition of thter-generatewhere were 0 and it was
redesign of ouseholds, th
Studies
ase studies frland, Unite
methods andble measure
valuingience
wn‐useprvey
spent on unocial Surveyrepeated co
GSS programmn 2017.
sons aged 15of the Yukon
made to extratified samdents, one frue.
s been condespondentsated day of d day and thn of weekdalear how to ity as it occu
d and ended,household sep and care oportation anand related
he TUS, inteed menus shyou’ compo
s administer
f the GSS prhe resistanc
108
s
from Austraed Kingdomd results. Futment and va
unpaid
roduction
npaid housey (GSS), anontent everym and a sur
5 years and n and the Textend coverample size forfrom each sa
ducted thoug’ time use isthe week. The sample iays and wee
approach surred in chr, where it toervice workof children and travel reltravel for o
erviewers cohowing the monent of thered via com
rogram startce to answer
alia, Canadam and United
ture internaaluation me
dhouseh
nworko
ehold servicn annual houy fifth year.rvey is curre
over livingerritories anage (imputer each Timeampled hou
gh the entirs collected b
The interviews distributed
ekends. Onlyecondary acronological ook place, wk includes dand adults olated to houother househ
oded activitmost comme diary was
mputer assist
ted in 2010 r an increas
a, Finland, Id States. It cational compethods and t
holdser
ofservice
ce work in Cusehold surv So far, fiveently in the
g in private hnd full-timeed time use e-Use Survesehold selec
e year to caby way of aw takes plad across dayy primary activity. Eachorder, inclu
with whom aomestic cho
of the houseusehold worholds and no
ties as they monly occurr
added, the ted telephon
as a result oing number
Italy, Mexiccontains a parisons reqthe same ref
rvicewo
esusinga
Canada comvey with a e time-use sfield for 20
households residents odata for theey (TUS) wcted through
apture seasoa retrospectiace no more ys of the weactivity was h respondenuding a descand in certaores (includehold, shopprk, and otheon-profit
were reportring activitisample size
ne interview
of ‘the increr of surveys
co,
quire a ference
ork–
a
mes from
surveys 015,
in of e
was h a
onal ive 24-than 48
eek to taken
nt is cription ain ding ping, r
ted with es. For
e was wing.
ease in , and
rising cactivitiereport hsamplin
Se267.when T1981, 1introducwork co
In268.estimateusing anmodel (to labouservicesaccountpoint. AcalculatIn the awork ofthe activallocatisubsequ
In269.were re(Jacksolonger-tvariatiomethodhighlighthe cont
Pr270.work wgroups,52 groubroken provincthe youmultiplithen muThe foreach ac
16 The fradocumen17 Internahttp://pub
osts for dates. Respondhow long ding frame an
everal updaTUS data be
986, 1992 aced at each overed only
n the early nes for the van input appr(Supply-Useur inputs, ths process, dt. Statistics
About 600 ctions on the
allocation prf services acvities conceon process.uently alloc
n the mid-nivised and a
on and Chanterm trends
on in the estd, on differenhting the sigtinuing evo
rior to 1992were compile
and imputeups). The avdown by gr
ce of residenungest child,ied by 365 /ultiplied by rmula for thtivity for sp
ame contains antation on the ational Conferblications.gc.c
a collectiondents were ad each activd it has fiel
ates and extecome availaand 1998 wstage. All s
y primary ac
nineties, Thalue of ownroach. This e tables) wh
he services odepreciation
Canada toocommoditiese services ofrocess, goodctivities wererned. In mo General ovated to activ
ineties, preva sensitivity ndler, 1995)
in unpaid himates of unnces in unpgnificant rolution of the
2, Statistics ed based oned hourly coverage time roup and actnce, sex, fam, if any. The/60 to convepopulation e value of u
pecific demo
also various aGSS time userence on the Mca/collections/
n’. Informatasked to incvity last. Thded its first
ensions havable. Estimaith improve
studies carrictivity and f
oen (1993) n-use produc
exploratoryhich includeof consumer, indirect ta
ok data on tis were revief consumer ds like electre allocatedost cases, timverhead costvities’.17
vious estimaanalysis of . The estim
household snpaid house
paid productle of womeese differen
Canada’s en populationost for eachspent on prtivity. The mily status, e average timert minutes count (by g
unpaid housographic gr
administrative e survey). Measurement a/collection_20
109
ion was, forclude all actihe ongoing 2t multi-mod
ve been carrates on unpaed source daied out on vfocused on l
from Statisction work y study attemes own-use r durables in
axes and inteime-use andewed and aldurables wetricity that ad mainly witme seems tots of the hou
ates of the vf the estimat
mates were pervice workehold servictive tasks unn in the ow
nces over tim
stimates onn counts, tim activity by
rimary unpapopulation labour forcme on unpaper day to h
group and asehold serviroups and ag
sources provi
and Valuation016/statcan/CS
r the first timivities, rega2015 GSS i
de (internet a
ried out sincaid househoata and refinvaluation of labour input
tics Canadaof services mpted to buproduction n the own-uermediate cd national acllocated to aere integratare used in sth the informo be the besusehold wer
value of unptes to variouut on a comk. Findings ce work depndertaken bn-use produme.
n the value ome use averay persons in aid househol
were subdice status, nuaid househohours per y
activity) to oce work invggregating t
ided to Statist
n of Unpaid WS89-532-1994
me, collecteardless of dus using a neand telepho
ce the early old service wned definitiof unpaid houts.
a developedin Canada f
uild an extenwork of ser
use producticonsumptionccounts dataactivities. Fued in the inpseveral ownmation on thst approximre identified
paid househus assumpti
mparable fooshed light o
pending of tby men and wuction work
of unpaid hoages for speeach groupld service wivided into gumber of child service wear. This av
obtain aggrevolved estimthese values
tics Canada (s
Work: Proceedi4-eng.pdf.
ed on simuluration, andew telephonne) collecti
study in thiwork are mons and metusehold serv
d preliminarfor 1981 annded Input rvices. In adion work ofn were takena as a startinurthermore,put output t
n-use produche time spe
mation for thd separately
hold service ons was caroting to anaon the consithe valuationwomen,
k of services
ousehold seecific demogp (22 activitiwork activitigroups definildren and a
work was verage time egate annuamating a vals.
ee online
ings. Statistics
taneous d to ne on.16
is area, ade for thods
vice
ry d 1986, Output ddition f n into ng , tables. ction
ent for he y, but
work rried out
alyse iderable n
s and
rvice graphic ies and ies were ned by age of
was l hours. lue of
s Canada.
E271.reworkiindividufar morsummatgroup isspent onreplacedrespondcost imp
7.1
St272.own-usreplacemvaluatiouse of d
7.1.2.1
Fo273.the valupopulatemploymultipli
In274.census wpopulatweeks wtabulatigroup asex, in Chousehoworked
A275.were ememployand fullpreviouyear forprovinc
B
In276.Insuran
stimates of ing of previual-level infre dimensiontion is across replaced wn each unpad with the adent. The imputed to eac
1.2 Comprepla
tatistics Cane productioment cost foon of unpaiddifferent sou
Methodo
or both oppue of unpaidtion using anyed in Canadied by hour
n order to cawere requirtion 15 yearworked greaions showedand sex, totaCanada andold service
d, and weekl
Average houmployed at tyees and selfl- and part-y
us year, hourr the TUS. Tce and territo
efore-taxv
n this variannce and Can
the value oiously publiformation frns. The formss all surveywith the weiaid househoannualized tmputed hourch responde
paringvaacementc
nada focusen work of sor valuing ud householdurces of dat
ologyusedf
portunity and householdnnual emploda. The annrs worked th
alculate oppred. The reqrs and over, ater than zerd counts, total annual hod in the provwork were ly hours, by
urly earningsthe time of f-employedyear (Jacksorly earningsThe index uory calculat
variantofth
nt of the oppada / Quebe
of unpaid hoished estimafrom the TUmula used iny respondenight of each
old service wtime reporterly cost for eent.
aluationscostsapp
ed on the meservices usinunpaid housd service woa would hav
fortheopp
d replacemed service wooyment earn
nual hours ohe week bef
portunity coquired tabula
who have ero and who tal employm
ours of workvinces and tderived from
y province a
s were basethe Census
d in all induson and Chans were index
used is the fited from the
heopportu
portunity coec Pension P
110
ousehold serates for 199
US so that thn previous ants and the nh respondenwork activited by type oeach activit
sbasedoproach
easurementng two variasehold serviork, this resve probably
portunityc
ent approacork were dernings, weekf paid work
fore the cens
ost estimatesations contaemploymenwere emplo
ment incomek and numbterritories. Om average a
and sex.
ed on the anand had wo
stries in all ndler, 1995)xed for infla
fixed-weighte Survey of
unitycost
ost, employePlan were a
rvice work f92, were prehey can be canalyses stilnumber of pt in the surv
ty by personof unpaid hoty by popula
ntheopp
t and the valants of bothice work. Dulted in wid
y had an add
costvaluat
ches, the hourived from ks worked ak were compsus.
s, custom taained data o
nt income nooyed in the e and total aer of person
Opportunityannual emp
nual employorked the proccupation ). Since the ation to corted average
f Employme
er’s contribuadded to ave
for 1998, alepared direccompared anll applies bupersons in evey. The avns in each pousehold seration group
portunity
luation of lah opportunitepending ondely differinditional imp
tion
urly wages Statistics C
and weekly hputed as we
abulations don employmot equal to zreference w
annual hourns, by select
y costs for vloyment inc
yment incorevious yearworking fucensus repo
rrespond wite index of hoent, Payrolls
utions for Eerage hourly
long with a ctly using nd analysedut in this ca
each populaterage annuaopulation grvice work is replaced
ycostan
abour inputsty cost and n the methong estimatespact on resu
used to estianada’s cenhours of pe
eeks worked
drawn from ment incomezero, numbeweek. The rs of work, bted occupataluing unpacome, week
me of persor. This inclu
ull-and part-orts incometh the refereourly earnins and Hours
Employmeny earnings.
d along ase, the tion al hours
group is by each
d with a
d
s to
od of s. The lts.
imate nsus of rsons
d
the e of the er of
by age tions, by aid ks
ons who udes all -time e for the ence ngs by s.
t
A
In277.averageprovincwith no
7.1.2.2
Fo278.requiredemployhours a annual hprovincemployreplacem
Sp
W279.activitieeven thosignific
G
W280.in Canacommuvalued aunpaid valued a
Fo281.earningaccount
W282.based oreplacem
7.1.2.3
Table 7Value o
Method
Opportu
Opportu
After-taxvar
n Canada, the hourly earcial marginao dependants
Methodo
or the purpod with data
yment incomweek) and
hours of woces and terriyment incomment cost is
pecialistva
With the spees are imputough the wo
cantly from
eneralistv
With the replada for memunity work iat childcarehousehold sat the wage
or both varigs in personat for board a
While Statiston the notionment cost is
Compari
7.1 of own-use
d
unity cost b
unity cost a
riantofthe
he opportunrnings are real tax applics obtained f
ologyusedf
ose of calcuon annual e
me greater themployed i
ork and numitories. Replme, weeks ws calculated
ariantofth
cialist variated based onorking condthose of the
variantofth
lacement combers of the s valued at
e occupationservice wor
e rate for occ
iants of the al services aand lodging
tics Canada n of replaces the preferr
ingresults
production
before tax
after tax
eopportun
nity costs afteduced by acable at varifrom the Na
forthema
ulating replaemploymenhan 0, who in the refere
mber of perslacements c
worked, and d for women
ereplacem
ant, the replan hourly earditions and pe provider o
hereplacem
ost generalishousehold the wage rans wage raterk activities cupations in
replacemenand childcarg.
compiles eement cost ared method.
n work of s
111
itycost
fter taxes arean amount eious levels oational Finan
arketrepla
acement cosnt income of
are classifieence week, ssons, by selecosts were th
weekly houn and men.
mentcostap
acement cornings of peproductivity
of unpaid ho
mentcosta
st approachor for other
ate of persone (at the cos(volunteer
n welfare an
nt cost methre occupatio
estimates baand opportu.
services usi
Value
374.1
221.1
e net of the quivalent toof taxable innces (Jacks
acementco
st estimatesf populationed as full-yeshowing totected occuphen derivedurs, by prov
pproach
sts of unpaieople employ of the replousehold ser
approach
, all unpaid r householdnal servicesst of physicawork for no
nd commun
hod (specialons were ad
ased on fourunity cost, th
ing differen
e (billions o
marginal ino the combincome for aon and Cha
ostapproa
, census tabn 15 years anear full-timetal emploympations, by sd from averavince and ac
id householoyed in matlacement wrvice work.
houseworkds (except chs occupational care of chon-profit org
nity services
ist and genedjusted upw
r methods ohe generalis
nt methods
of 1992 CAN
ncome tax. Tned federal
a single taxpandler, 1995
ch
bulations wend over wite (40 weeksment incomesex for Canaage annual ctivity. A si
d service wtched occup
worker vary
k service wohildcare) anns. Childcarhildren). Otganizations
s.
eralist), houward by 15%
f valuation,st variant of
N$)
The and
payer 5, p.45).
ere th s, 40 e, total ada,
ngle
work pations
ork done nd re is ther ) are
urly % to
, each f
Replace
Replace
Source:
T283.use prodmethodlowest vusing threflects
7.2 MA
In284.lookinghousehocontributhe imp
7.2
T285.of unpareplacembased orelated worker hour peearningactivitie
T286.the geneapproacmemberassumpequally examplwho mamay cleapproacunderta
T287.activitie
ement cost –
ement cost –
Statistics Ca
able 7.1 comduction wor
dology. Howvaluation. The replacem
the fact tha
MeasurinAustralia
n May 2014g at the overolds in Austution of ind
pact the inclu
2.1 Measrepla
he 2006 TUaid householment cost m
on weekly orincome taxcompensati
er-employeegs by ordinaes were incl
o estimate teralist and sch values thrs according
ption underlyproductive
e, a housekay also be loean more quch also assuake all house
he replacemes normally
– specialist
– generalist
anada, 1995
mpares resurk of servic
wever, once The value of
ment cost genat wage rate
ngandva’sexpe
4, Australia rall value antralia, inclu
dividual actiusion of eac
uringowacementh
US was the pld service w
method, usinrdinary time. It does notion), as suche basis. Houary-time houluded in the
the value ofspecialist re
he time speng to the cosying this ap
e in performeeper is likeooking afteruickly but leumes that theehold tasks,
ment cost hyy carried out
t
ults from alles is highestaxes are ac
f own-use pneralist app
es of special
valuingerience
prepared a pnd growth ouding compaivities to thech activity i
wn‐useprhybridap
principal stawork. Theseng male ande earnings, t include soh data are n
urly wage raurs paid for.e study.
f unpaid houeplacement nt on own-ut of hiring a
pproach is thming househo
ely to be mor small childess thoroughere is a wel, which was
ybrid methot by a house
112
296.6
234.5
l four methost when appccounted fo
production wproach complists tend to
unpaid
paper on Unof unpaid hoarisons withe total valueinto the pro
roductionpproach
atistical base were compd female wawhich is incial security
not availableates were ob. Only TUS
usehold servcost approase productioa housekeephat househoold work, wore productidren at the shly than thel-establishes not the cas
od is an attemekeeper are
odologies. Iplying the opor, the opporwork of servpared with tbe higher t
dhouseh
npaid Workousehold serh other coune of unpaid duction bou
nworko
se for derivipiled using tage rates. A clusive of cy contributie in Australbtained by d activities c
vice work, Aach. The genon work of per to underold memberswhich may oive at cleansame time. Ae household ed labour mase in Austra
mpt to refinvalued usin
It shows thapportunity crtunity cost vices is lowthe specialisthan the gen
holdser
k and the Aurvice work cntries. The phousehold s
undary wou
ofservice
ing the estimthe individugross wage
cash wages aions (i.e. supia by occup
dividing weeclassified as
Australia prneralist replservices by
rtake the tass and houseor may not bning than a hAlternativemember. U
arket for pealia at the tim
ne the approng a houseke
at the value cost before tapproach h
wer when valst approachneralist wag
rvicewo
ustralian Ecconducted bpaper explorservice wor
uld have upo
esusingt
mates of theual functiones concept wand salariesperannuatio
pation on a pekly ordina being prim
referred a hylacement coy household sks. The keyekeepers arebe true. For household mly, a housek
Use of this ersons who me.
oach, wherebeeper's wag
of own-tax
has the lued . This
ge rates.
ork–
conomy, by res the rk, and on GDP.
the
e value n market was used s, and on and per-
ary-time mary
ybrid of ost
y e
member keeper
by ge rate,
and thospecialiemployin this sAustraloccasiomainten
O288.
T289.start eatthe ownresultedaveragefrom thuse survcould b
7.2
B290.allow fomethodhigher t
T291.of the awork anactivitieof both to perfohousehograndpaschool psomeoncriterionestimatework orcodes oreservat
D292.was excdeemedassociat
se activitiesist replacem
yment a houstudy. It woians typical
onally prepanance, and g
Only a select
The occudemand wtransferreOf the ocproductio
hese rules wting out mon-use produd in a groupe of the earnhe TUS activvey providee allocated.
2.2 Resul
Both market or internatio
d has upon ththan the esti
he paper noactivities incnd leisure ares as producwork and le
orm volunteold service arent spendiplay, contai
ne else to unn. The treates producedr leisure but
of behaviourtions, the pa
Defining paidcluded fromd not possibted with pai
s not withinment approac
sehold wouuld appear lly hire housare meals, wgardening ta
tion of occu
upations chowhen a parted to the maccupations son work of s
were considre, demand
uction work of occupat
nings for eacvity data. Thes data at a d.
lts
replacemenonal comparhe results. Timates prod
otes that thecluded, and re still subjective can beeisure. For
eer care for awork undering time witin strong leindertake suctment of actd. Some wot somethingr to ensure daper include
d work had m unpaid hou
le to hire soid employm
n a housekeech. This is a
uld get in to to be approsekeepers to
while they hiasks.
upational wa
osen were thticular type arket. selected, onservice activ
dered appropfor cooks aof nutritionions being mch occupatihis was posdetailed acti
nt cost and orison, and toThe results oduced using
e value of unthe distinct
ect to worlde contentiouexample, a a sick, frail,r the third pth their granisure compoch activitiestivities that uld argue th
g else - they desirable oued caring in
its complexusehold servomeone to tr
ment rather t
113
eper's job dean attempt tcomplete apriate for tho clean houire specialis
age rates we
hose that woof own use
ly those deevity under c
priate as it cand kitchen n services, wmatched to ion in the grssible becauivity level,
opportunityo illustrate tof the oppothe market
npaid housetions betweedwide debatus, especiallperson outs, disabled aarty criteriondchild, or onents. In prs on their bemay borderhat such carare activiti
utcomes for n the scope o
xities also -vice work inravel to worthan unpaid
escription ato better repactivities cathe Australiase interiors,
sts to carry o
ere used, ba
ould be direproduction
emed most consideratio
can be arguehands, who
would increaan unpaid w
roup was takuse the two-dto which ap
y cost figurethe impact trtunity costreplacemen
ehold servicen paid worte and refinely when actiside the houdult or child
on. In comporganising ractice, peo
ehalf, therefr on leisure ring activitiees that satisthe whole o
of unpaid ho
for exampln the Austrark on one's household
are valued apresent the ategorised asan situation , manage laout childcar
ased on the
ectly affecten work of se
similar to thon were sele
ed, for examose work arease. If the sework categoken, based oday diary o
ppropriate o
es were prepthe choice ot methods wnt valuation
ce work deprk, unpaid hement. Defiivities may usehold unitd - which quarison, activand attendin
ople generalfore failing tsubstantialles should nosfy biologicof society. Dousehold se
le, travel to alian study behalf and service wor
ccording toactual outsids householdgiven that
aundry and re, househo
following ru
ed by an incervice activi
he type ownected.
mple, that ife most simielection pro
ory, a weighon weights f the curren
occupation c
pared. The lof valuation
were consisten methods.
pends on thehousehold seining certaincontain elem
t can be empualifies as uvities such ang rehearsally do not hithe third pely impacts tot be classifal and cultuDespite theservice work
and from wbecause it wit is clearlyrk.
the de
d work
ld
ules:
crease in ty was
n use
f people ilar to ocess hted derived
nt time-codes
latter n ently
e scope ervice n ments ployed unpaid as a
als for a ire
erson the fied as
ural se .
work was
y
T293.include value of
D294.rates, it due to tCommuof valuewage ra
In295.work covaluatiobillion tunpaid end of t
M296.ExplanaBureau
7.3 Hm
7.3
T297.productand Jayincome coefficiHowevefor marper weedoes theeven tho
7.3
T298.inequalTime Ubefore tdetailed 18 The vieDepartme
he results oonly own-u
f GDP than
Despite foodwas the lar
the fact the unication ase and time tates.
nternationalonducted inon methods.to $586 billhousehold sthe internati
More detail oatory Notesof Statistic
Howdoemeasure
3.1 Intro
his section tion work of
y Stewart18 oinequality
ient of variaer, this appr
rket produceek and pays e same servough the va
3.2 Data
o estimate tity in the U
Use Survey (the interviewd activities. ews expressedent of Labor o
of the 2014 suse product
n if voluntee
d and drink prgest contriblargest port
ssociated wito total unpa
l comparison Australia r. In 2006, thlion, which service worional standi
of the assum section of ts, 2014).
eson‐usedincom
duction
provides anf services oof U.S. Bureis to compu
ation) for a mroach ignored goods an$100 per w
vices him/healue of what
the effect ofUnited States
(ATUS). Thw and colleIt also colle
d here are thosor the Bureau
study show ion work of
er and comm
preparation butor to the tion of time ith volunteeaid househo
ns in the parelative to Ghe value of represents 4
rk relative tongs.
mptions andthe publicat
seprodumeinequ
n example on income ineau of Labo
ute an inequmeasure of es own-use
nd services. week for serverself. Indivt they have
f including s, the authorhe ATUS incts informaects informa se of the authoof Labor Stat
114
that if the pf services, itmunity work
and clean utotal value was dedica
er and commold service w
aper show thGDP ranks s
unpaid hou41.6% to 58o GDP, thes
d processes ution “Spotli
uctionwuality?–
of further annequality. Tour Statisticuality statisti
individual eproductionTo illustratvices, while
vidual A wilproduced is
own-use prrs used time
nterviews onation on the ation about
ors and do notistics.
production bt would havk was includ
up having oof own-use
ated to this amunity workwork despit
hat the valuesecond highusehold serv8.7% of GDse results pl
used in this ight on Nati
workofs–United
nalysis examThis is basedcs. The standic (such as tearnings or
n work of see, suppose te individualll be higher s the same.
roduction we-diary datane person peamount of ttime spent
t necessarily r
boundary wve greater imded.
ne of the loe productionactivity week contributete having on
e of unpaid est overall,
vice work raDP for that ylace Austral
study is avional Accou
servicesdStates
mining the rod on a paperdard approathe Gini coehousehold
ervices, whicthat individl B earns $9in the incom
ork of servia from the 2er householtime spent ilooking afte
reflect the view
was extendedmpact upon
owest activitn work of seekly. ed the least ine of the hig
household using eithe
anged from year. In termlia at the hig
vailable in thunts” (Austr
saffect
ole of own-r by Harley ach to measuefficient or money incoch is a subs
dual A earns900 per weeme distribut
ices on mea003 Americd about the in over 400 er children u
ws of the U.S
d to the
ty wage ervices
in terms ghest
service er of the $416
ms of gher
he ralian
-use Frazis uring
ome. stitute s $1,000 ek and tion,
asured can day
under
.
13 whilunearne
T299.spouse 25 and contribu
7.3
T300.definitioa primareplacemof the mfor houwere usSurvey resemblservices
E301.productwork ofusing thor excluof servi
7.3
B302.diary peincompwork ofregressipredict normaliincome variable
19 The ATthere are Populatiohowever,20 This is13 was “i
le doing othed income is
he sample cor unmarrie64. Househutions to inc
3.3 Valuirepla
wo alternaton includes
ary activity. ment-cost a
market wagesekeepers, osed. The spe(CPS) by ules the activs using an e
mpirically, tion work off services whe generalisuded—incluices by abou
3.4 Estimservi
Because the Aer person, thlete. Thereff services coion methodsown-use prized value ovariables. F
es for the sp
TUS has data no data on un
on Survey dat, only about os not an activitin your care.”
her activitiess available f
consists of sed partner pholds with ocome and o
ingown‐uacementg
tive definitio houseworkThe second
approach to e for the actor specialistecialist wagusing the mevity. Both mequivalence
the choice f services ti
was only abost wage. Howuding seconut one-third
matingtimcesusing
ATUS interhe collectedfore, the autonditional os used in sturoduction wof own-use pFor marriedpouse. Beca
on usual week
nearned incoma, which has mne-third of ATty per se. Resp
”
s (secondaryfor about on
single-adultpresent), andther adult (wn-use pro
useprodgeneralis
ons of own-k (includingd definition value own-
tivity. Eithet wages that
ges were estiean wage fo
money incomscale to acc
of wage maime was relaout 10 percewever, it di
ndary childcd.
mespentgaregre
rviews onlyd informatiothors estimaon observabudies by Bo
work of serviproduction
d respondenause it was i
kly earnings.
me. Therefore,more extensivTUS respondepondents are a
115
y childcare)ne-third of A
t householdsd married co18+) familyduction wo
ductionwstandsp
-use producg shopping)
adds childc-use producter a generalit correspondimated from
or the detaileme and the vcount for va
ade little difatively low-ent greater wd matter wh
care increase
tinown‐ussionmo
y one personon of own-uated the aveble characteronke (1992)ices. They rwork of ser
nts, they alsoimportant to
However, the it is necessary
ve income dataents can be maasked to repor
). Detailed iATUS respo
s where theouples whery members wrk of servic
workofsepecialista
ction work oand care of
care done astion work oist wage, spd to the diff
m wage dataed occupativalue of owariation in h
fference, be-value. The when using hether seconed the value
useprododel
n per househuse productierage time sristics. They, and Jenkin
regressed thrvices on a so included do measure a
e data are availy to match ATa for all houseatched (Frazisrt times or act
informationondents.19
respondentre both spouwere exclud
ces were ign
ervicesuapproach
of services wf household s a secondar
of services wecifically thferent housea from the Con that mos
wn-use produhousehold si
cause most value of owthe speciali
ndary childce of own-us
ductionw
hold and coon work of pent in owny used a varns and O’Le
he equivalenset of demodemographiccurately th
lable only for TUS respondeehold members and Stewart,ivities during
n on earned
t is age 25-6uses are betded, and chinored.
singtheh
were used. Tmembers d
ry activity.2
was used, byhe average wehold activiCurrent Popst closely uction workize were adj
own-use wn-use prodist wage vercare was ince productio
workof
llects only of services wan-use produriation of theary (1996)nce-scale ographic andic and incomhe relationsh
the respondenents to Currenrs. In practice, 2004). which a child
and
64 (no tween ildren’s
The first done as 20 The y means wage ties ulation
k of justed.
duction rsus cluded
on work
one as
uction he to
d me hip
nt, and nt ,
d under
betweenof famil
Se303.were raweekenserviceswas sim
N304.the variregressiin long-It is posthat theown-us
7.3
T305.ratio, 50(genera(OECD
7.3
Pr306.money income economwould bthe labodifferen
21 Gallan22 The auday varia
n own-use ply income w
eparate regran. For each nd (×2) equas were summ
mply the sum
Note that usiiation that isions is equa-run own-usssible to plare is no daye productio
3.5 Resul
he compute0-10 ratio, a
alist and speD and square
All of themore equAdding thof serviceThere waAdding thdefined athe predicwas founthan monproductio
3.6 Concl
revious studincome andand own-u
mic theory, abe expectedour market. nt reason. Th
nt's (1981) Fouuthors also expation, and the r
production wwas used.21
ressions by marital-sta
ations to genmed. For mm of the hus
ing only pres not relatedal to the sumse productioace an uppery-to-day varn work of s
lts
ed inequalityand 90-10 raecialist), sece root), and
e inequalityually distribuhe regressioes had only as very littlehe mean va
above yieldected values.
nd that the mney income—on work of s
lusion
dies have ald speculateduse productioas householdd to devote m
The authorhey show th
urier series expperimented wiresults were th
work of serv
marital statatus-by-sex nerate the im
married houssband’s and
edicted valud to demogrm of a long-ron work of sr bound on riation. Thuservices was
y measures atio) were u
condary chilthe imputat
measures puted than mon residual ta small effe
e variation ialue of own-ed about the. Using the
main result——holds eveservices we
lso found thd that the reson work ofds (or indivmore time tos confirm thhat the weak
pansion were ith alternativehe same.
116
vices and in
tus, sex, andcell, the premputed weeseholds, totad wife’s pred
ues of own-uraphic chararun person-services) anthe long-run
us, the regress added.22
(Gini coeffunder a widldcare (inclution procedu
provided simmoney incomto the predi
fect on the inn own-use p-use produce same declicoefficient
—that extenden if moneyere perfectly
hat extendedsult is due tservices. O
viduals witho own-use phe greater ek correlatio
specifically u assumptions
ncome, a fle
d day of weedicted valuekly value oal own-use pdicted value
use productiacteristics. T-specific varnd day-to-dan person-spssion residu
ficient, coefe range of auded and exure. It was f
milar resultsme. cted value onequality mproduction tion work oine in inequof variationded income income and
y positively
d income is to a negative
One would exhin householproduction wquality of en cannot be
used. about the frac
exible speci
eek (weekenues from theof own-use pproduction wes.
ion work ofThe error teriation (whiay variation
pecific variaual to the pr
fficient of vassumptionsxcluded), eqfound that:
s — extende
of own-use measures.
work of serof services fuality measun as the ineqe is more eqd the value correlated.
more equale correlationxpect this relds) with lowwork of serv
extended ince the explan
ction of the re
fication for
nds and weee weekday (production work of ser
f services igerm in the ich is real vn (which is nation by assuredicted valu
ariation, 90s about the wquivalence s
ed income w
production
rvices by incfor each of tures as doesquality meaqually distrib
of own-use
lly distributen between mesult from w market wvices relativcome but id
nation and th
sidual that is d
the log
ekdays) (×5) and work of
rvices
gnores
ariation noise). uming ue of
0-50 wage scale
was
work
come. the cells s using asure, it buted
e
ed than money
wages ve to
dentify a hat
day-to-
virtuallyadditionmoney
7.4 ImM
Si307.Househeconom
T308.mannerHouseh
T309.decisionhousehotempora
Fu310.of the cunpaid Discrim
In311.disaggrservicesversus 2complet
7.4
T312.mainly comparwork (7spent on
23 EurostaAccounts
y all of the n of a large income.
mplemeMexico
ince 2011, thold Satellitmic value an
he valuationr, based on thold Satellit
he househon-making, iold expendiary sick, an
urthermore,country, suchousehold w
mination aga
n valuing thegated by ths. In 2014, w2.4 million ted only 8.3
4.1 Distrservi
he responsion women,
red to 32% s73% of theirn own-use p
at, “Househols”, Eurostat, 2
difference iconstant—t
entation
the Nationae Account o
nd importanc
n of unpaidthe 2008 SNe Accounts
old satellite n particulariture, total wd home sch
, the resultsh as "estimawork" inscrainst Wome
he unpaid hohe time spenwomen hadhours done 3 hours (see
ibutionocesbyin
ibility of ow whose conspent on mar total workproduction w
ld Production 2003.
in measuredthe average
nofthe
al Institute oof Mexico. ce of own-u
d household NA and the ”.23
account pror on issues rworkload, cahooling.
have been ate of womeribed in the en 2013-201
ousehold sernt to paid, o
d the highestby men; th
e Figure 7.1
oftimespndividual
wn-use prodntribution toarket work. k hours), whwork of car
and Consump
117
d inequality e value of ow
househ
of Statistics The objecti
use producti
service worEurostat’s "
ovides additrelated to geare of child
used for shen's contribNational Pr
18.
rvice work,own-use prot workload, at is, for eac).
pentonolcharacte
duction worko these activ
In contrast,hereas only are and dome
ption: Proposa
between thwn-use prod
oldsate
and Geograive is to proion work of
rk is conduc"Proposal fo
tional informender equaliren and the
aping key inbution to GDrogram for E
the total woduction wowith 2.9 m
ch 10 hours
own‐useperistics,a
k of care anvities is 65%, men's activabout 23% estic service
al for a Metho
he two measduction wor
elliteacc
aphy (INEGvide inform
f services of
cted periodior a Method
mation for pity, consumelderly, car
ndicators foDP by the ecEqual Oppo
orkload in tork and volu
million of hous done by w
productiandbyea
nd domestic % of their totvities includof their tota
es.
odology of Ho
sures is due rk of service
countof
GI) developsmation on thf women an
ically and indology of
public policmption and
re of chroni
or the develoconomic vaortunity and
the economunteer workurs per wee
women, men
ionworkachactiv
services lietal workingde mainly mal working t
usehold Satel
to the es—to
f
s the he nd men.
n timely
y and
ic and
opment alue of d Non-
my is k of ek n
kofvity
es g time, market time is
lite
Figure 7Compo(Millions
*PreliminSource: I
B313.activityGDP, foand houwork" (
0
500
1 000
1 500
2 000
2 500
3 000
3 500
7.1 osition of ths of hours)
nary results. INEGI.
Breaking dowy showed thaollowed by usehold man(2.5%) and
Mar
he total wor
wn the inforat "care and"feeding" (
nagement" ("laundry an
947
77
1 922
Wome
2,946
rket work
rkload of th
rmation relad support" fo(4.6%), "cle(3.2%), "pro
nd footwear
7
2
en
6
Unpaid wconsump
118
he economy
ated to unpafor householeaning and hoviding helpcare" (1.7%
5,358
work in own‐tion goods
y in hours b
aid household membershousing maip to other h
%) (see Figu
1
M
2
Activitiesdomestic
by sex, 201
old service ws amounts tointenance" (
households aure 7.2).
1 794
80
568
Men
2,442
of unpaid carework
14*
work by typo 8.3% of na(3.9%), "shoand volunte
e and
pe of ational opping
eer
Figure 7Care an(Percenta
*PreliminSource: I
T314.where pto men’childrenallow to
7.4
T315.replacempaid to
Fo316.househoTable 7househofor diffe
24 See art
0%
5%
10%
15%
20%
25%
30%
7.2 nd domestiage)
nary results. INEGI.
he statisticsparticipation’s wages. An (e.g., throuo reduce the
4.2 Compserviappro
he economiment cost, wa person wh
or the purpoold service
7.2). For exaold service
ferent tasks (
ticle 92 of Adm
24.2%
Total
ic work of h
s provided an of womenn example ough the estae inequality
paringvacesusingoaches.
ic valuationwhich is genho performs
oses of this work has beample, averawork hours(see Table 7
ministrative C
8.3%
Care & Suppo
households
above wouldn is substantof public poablishment gap betwee
aluationsgtherep
n of unpaid hnerally acces a producti
case study,een illustratage wages a
s, whereas in7.2, A, B, C
Code of the St
4.6%
ort Feeding
119
s by type of
d allow the tial, while tholicies relateof parental en men and
sofown‐ulacemen
household septed in manive activity
, the mechanted briefly,are used forn practice e
C, D, E, F, G
ate of Chihua
3.9%
g Cleaninghousin
maintena
f services in
decision mheir associaed to gendecare for botwomen24.
useprodntgenera
service workny studies. required to
nism of an eleaving out
r the economquivalent w
G, H, I and J
hua, Mexico.
% 3.2
g & ng ance
Shopphouse
manag
n terms of G
makers to ideated wages aer equality inth parents),
ductionwlistandh
k in MexicoIt defines thsatisfy the
economic vsome techn
mic valuatiowages are usJ).
% 2.
Prohelp housevolw
ping &ehold gement
GDP, 2014
entify activiare lower convolve carinwhich wou
workofhybrid
o follows thhe amount thousehold n
valuation of nical detailson of unpaidsed in the m
5%
1
ovindingto other eholds & lunteer work
Laufoo
ties ompared ng for
uld
he to be needs.
unpaid s (see d
market
1.7%
undry &otwear care
National
Women
Men
Total
Women
Men
= A x B
Total
Women
Men
= Cx52 We
Total
Women
Men
Average
= D x E
Total
Women
Men
Average
= D x G
Total
Women
Men
Average
= D x I
Total
Women
Men
1 For purpose
4 For compari
3 For purpose
other activiti
2 For purpose
A
B
C
E
F
G
H
I
J
D
E
Table 7Main rMexico
Source: I
Pa317.househoSpanishresult ounpaid
T318.hourly mhousehoare conin the m
2003
28.2
42.6
10.4
68,499
37,978
30,520
1934
1616
318
eeks
100594
84056
16538
0.6
57,162
47,525
9,638
1.1
110,539
89,986
20,552
0.8
79,026
63,114
15,912
es of the exercise, an a
son purposes, we use
es of the exercise, an a
es was used.
es of the exercise, an a
7.2 esults of un
o, 2003-201
INEGI. Availa
arameters "old servicesh acronym).f multiplyinhousehold s
he variable market valuold, allowinsidered for
market is ava
2004 2005
27.9 27
41.9 41
10.6 10
70,176 72,14
38,656 39,49
31,520 32,65
1955 19
1620 16
335 3
101684 1029
84244 844
17439 184
0.6 0
62,943 69,76
51,932 57,02
11,011 12,74
1.2 1
121,072 125,41
97,645 100,40
23,427 25,00
0.9 0
86,608 93,25
68,697 73,59
17,912 19,65
average between the s
ed April 11th, 2016 exc
average between the s
Mone
Wages
Monetary value
Mo
average salary of occup
npaid hous4
able from http
Weekly hous” (B) are ob The mass o
ng A by B, aservices” (D
(E) “Wageue of a specing calculatinall activitieailable. The
2006 2
7.4 26.2
1.1 39.1
0.9 10.7
45 73,774
95 40,148
50 33,626
80 1929
25 1570
55 359
60 100326
87 81638
72 18687
0.7 0.8
67 77,041
23 62,452
43 14,589
1.2 1.4
16 138,479 1
09 109,942 1
07 28,536
0.9 1.1
52 105,872 1
99 83,228
54 22,644
salary of domestic wo
hange rate of Mexican
salary of domestic wo
Weekly ho
Population t
Millions
Millions
Wages per hou
etary value of unpa
s per hour by equiv
e of unpaid househ
Wages per ho
netary value of unp
pations of specialists t
ehold servi
p://www.inegi
urs per persbtained fromof “hours peand that, ex
D).
s per hour bific activityng an averags in the unp
e variable (G
120
2007 2008
26.4 25.9
39.4 38.6
11.1 11.1
75,690 77,567
40,958 41,747
34,731 35,820
1998 2010
1614 1611
384 399
103904 104538
83944 83776
19959 20763
0.8 0.9
84,082 89,273
67,702 71,317
16,380 17,956
1.5 1.6
152,497 163,748
120,200 128,055
32,297 35,693
1.1 1.2
116,556 124,614
90,990 96,513
25,566 28,101
rkers and the salary of
n peso against euro (1
rkers for activities tha
ours per person of u
that realizes unpaid
of hours per week
s of hours per year o
r by generalist app
aid household servic
valent individual fun
hold services by equ
our by hybrid appro
paid household serv
to evaluate each of the
ice work fr
.org.mx/est/co
son" (A) andm the Natioer week of u
xpanded by
by generalisy that can coge wage of
paid househG), “Wages
2009 20
9 25.3
6 37.5
1 11.2
7 79,960 8
7 42,813 4
0 37,148 3
0 2021
1 1605
9 416
8 105084 1
6 83458
3 21626
9 0.9
3 91,091 9
7 72,095 7
6 18,995 2
6 1.6
8 171,320 18
5 133,080 14
3 38,240 4
2 1.2
4 128,080 13
3 98,418 10
1 29,662 3
f specialists to calculat
peso = 20.0996 euros)
at household members
unpaid household se
d household service
of unpaid househo
of unpaid househol
roach (euros) 1, 4
ces by generalist ap
nction approach (eu
uivalent individual f
oach (euros) 3, 4
vices by hybrid app
e activities of unpaid d
rom Househ
ontenidos/proy
d “Populational Employunpaid hous52 weeks, s
st approach”over most ofdomestic wold service per hour by
010 2011
25.7 26.5
37.9 38.7
11.7 12.2
1,950 84,198
3,961 45,248
7,989 38,950
2110 2228
1666 1751
443 477
09698 115833
86645 91041
23052 24791
0.9 0.9
7,769 107,492
6,891 84,109
0,879 23,384
1.7 1.8
9,187 210,051
6,303 161,771
2,884 48,280
1.3 1.3
8,703 154,666
5,878 117,646
2,825 37,020
te the value of volunte
.
s usually do and the sa
ervices (UHS)
es (thousands)
old services
ld services
pproach (Millions of
uros) 2, 4
function approach (
roach (Millions of e
domestic and care wo
hold Satelli
yectos/cn/tnrh
on that realiyment Survesehold servisums up to “
” is estimatef the daily w
workers. Avework for w
y equivalen
2012 201
26.3
38.3
12.4
86,765 88,
46,707 47,
40,058 41,0
2284 2
1787 1
497
118783 122
92947 95
25836 27
1.0
116,536 126,
90,693 97,
25,842 28,
1.8
208,919 228,
159,941 175,0
48,978 53,
1.4
169,729 184,
128,280 138,
41,449 45,
eer work was used.
alaries of the specialis
f euros)
Millions of euros)
euros)
rk was used.
ite Account
h/default.aspx
izes unpaid ey (ENOE bices” (C) is “hours per y
ed by usingwork of the erage hourl
which equivant individual
3 2014
26.5 27.0
38.3 38.7
12.7 13.2
984 91,129
979 49,211
005 41,918
2358 2460
1837 1906
521 554
2616 127907
5546 99104
7070 28803
1.0 1.1
363 135,292
965 104,188
398 31,105
1.9 2.0
999 252,878
096 190,853
903 62,025
1.5 1.6
129 206,896
910 154,015
220 52,881
sts occupations for
t of
.
by the
year of
g the
y wages alence l
functionsimilar hour bythat are
A319.is a resuthe pric
T320.consumpersonaboundaran unpafor a siman impo
7.5 Ro
7.5
U321.data. HocollecteHETUS
O 3
311 312
3321 322 323 324 A329
3331 332 333 339
3343 344 349
n approach”to the one p
y hybrid app usually per
As shown in ult from muce determine
he technicamption and wal choices, wry and the haid househomilar servicortant inform
Republicofunpai
5.1 Measuses
Unpaid housours spent ied in 2011-2S coding list
OWN-USE PR
31 FOOFood preparatDish washing
32 HOUCleaning dweCleaning gardHeating and wArranging houOther or unsp
33 MAKLaundry Ironing Handicraft anOther or unsp
34 GARCaring for petWalking the dOther or unsp
” is derived performed inproach” is drformed by
the table, oultiplying thed for each
al treatment whose benefwhich transfhousehold cold service wce in the mamation for p
cofMoldhouse
uringowurvey.
ehold servicin unpaid ho2012, duringt:
RODUCTION
OD MANAGEtion, baking a
g
USEHOLD Uelling den water usehold good
pecified house
KING AND C
nd producing tpecified makin
RDENING ANts dog pecified garden
using the hn the house
derived by udomestic em
obtaining thehe mass of “kind of valu
of the servifit can be trform in econconsumptionwork activitarket as a respolicy make
dova’seeholdse
wn‐usepr
ces were vaousehold seg twelve co
N WORK OF
EMENT and preserving
UPKEEP
s and materialehold upkeep
CARE FOR T
textiles ng of and care
ND PET CAR
ning and pet c
121
hourly wageehold withouusing (E) to mployees in
e economic“Hours per yuation: (E),
ices generatansferred tonomic decisn levels. Thty as feedingsult of a chaers.
experienervicew
roduction
alued using rvice worknsecutive m
F SERVICES
g
ls
TEXTILES
for textiles
RE
care
e of an activut payment.value the pr
n combinati
c value of unyear of unpa(G) or (I).
ted by the ho a third parsions could
he individuag or laundryange in his/h
nceinework
nworko
TUS, Earniwere estima
months. Act
S
vity in the m. The variabroductive hion with var
npaid houseaid househo
household forty, allows tchange the
al who receivy, can replacher family s
estimatin
ofservice
ings Surveyated based oivities were
market that ible (I), “Wahousehold acriable (G).
ehold servicold services”
or its own fito show howe productionves the bence these sersituation an
ngthev
esusinga
y (ES) and Lon the TUSe coded usin
s ages per ctivities
ce work ” (D) by
inal w n nefit of rvices nd this is
value
atime
LFS S data, ng the
3
351 352 353 354 V359
3361 362 363 369
3371
3
381 382 383 384 A389
3391 392 399
4
421 423 424 425 429
7.5
T322.
a)b
25 Not ne
35 CONHouse construRepairs to dwMaking, repaiVehicle maintOther or unsp
36 SHOShopping Commercial aPersonal servOther or unsp
37 HOUHousehold m
38 CHIPhysical care Teaching the Reading, playAccompanyinOther or unsp
39 HELPhysical care Other care of Help to a non
SERVICES F
42 INFOConstruction Care of own cOther childcaHelp to an aduOther or unsp
5.2 Valuirepla
wo valuatio
) Using grob) Using th
most acthigher q
ecessarily volu
NSTRUCTIOuction and ren
welling iring and maintenance
pecified constr
OPPING AND
and administraices
pecified shopp
USEHOLD Management
ILDCARE and supervisichild
ying and talkinng child pecified childc
LP TO AN ADof a dependena dependent a
n-dependent ad
FOR OTHER
ORMAL HEand repairs aschildren livingare as help to ault of another
pecified inform
ingown‐uacements
on approach
oss salary ehe gross houtivities and
qualification
unteer work, a
ON AND REPnovation
ntaining equip
ruction and rep
D SERVICES
ative services
ping and servic
MANAGEME
ion
ng with child
care
DULT FAMInt adult houseadult househodult household
R HOUSEHO
LP TO OTHs help g in another hoanother househhousehold
mal help to ano
useprodspecialis
hes were con
stimates byurly wages osalary estim
n.
according to th
122
PAIRS
pment
pairs
S
ces
ENT
ILY MEMBEehold memberld member d member
OLDS (VOLU
HER HOUSEH
ousehold hold
other househo
ductionwstandgen
nsidered:
y economic aof domestic
mates from t
he 19th ICLS r
ER r
UNTEER WO
HOLDS
old
workofseneralista
activities frc workers esthe ES only
resolution.
ORK OF SER
ervicesuapproach
rom the ES; stimated froy for some a
RVICES25)
singah
om the LFS activities, re
for equiring
A323.other fasurvey i
7.5.2.1
In324.the Euroonly. Crev.2 cotwo dig
Fo325.estimatea coeffithe estimmake abwage, th
In326.time wohouseho(obtainemonth).
H327.gross ho
T328.estimatework.
Table 7Estima
TUS activities
A
311
312
321
322
323
324
331
332
339
343
344
349
351
Additionallyamilies (voluis presented
Firstapp
n the ES, ecopean Comonsequentlyode was idegits.
or activitiesed for domeicient was umated net wbout 17.5%he net wage
n order to usorking progold service ed by multip.
Hours for actourly wage
able 7.3 shoed monthly
7.3 ated monthl
NACE rev.2 two-
digits code
B
1 56
2 56
1 81
2 81
3 43
4 96
1 96
2 96
9 96
3 96
4 96
9 96
1 41
, a possible unteer workd.
proach:Rep
conomic actimmunity, NA
y, even if fontified, the
s included inestic workerused to estimwage, the inc of the gros
e was divide
se salary estrams. To dowork, by peplying 8 ho
tivities incluwas applied
ows the TUvolumes of
ly value of
Hours per mo
C
68,062
29,026
26,687
8,355
19,051
6,136
14,901
1,943
479
1,339
1,017
6,011
616
measuremek, according
placement
ivities are cACE rev.2 aor each activsalary used
n the “Shoprs (from the
mate the grocome taxes
ss wage. Theed by 0.825
timates fromo this, the eersons agedurs/day by
uded in the d were not t
US and NACf hours and
unpaid hou
nth Monthly
prog
2,170
6,485
7,325
5,655
1,645
6,470
1,160
3,230
9,135
9,705
7,725
1,475
6,360
123
ent of unpaig to 19th ICL
tspecialist
coded using at four digitsvity from TUd to value ho
pping and se LFS) was oss wage for, social anderefore, in o
5.
m the ES, Tstimated vo
d 15 years an21.125, the
“Shoppingtransformed
CE activity atheir value
usehold ser
y full-time grams
Ag
fu
D
402,735
171,754
157,913
49,442
112,732
36,310
88,173
11,498
2,835
7,927
6,022
35,571
3,647
id householLS) using d
tapproach
classificatis. EstimatesUS a corresours was the
services” grused. As LFr domestic w
d health insuorder to obt
TUS hours holume of hound over, waaverage nu
g and servicd into full-ti
and correspoby type of u
rvice work
Average monthgross salary forull-time employ
MDL (2014)
E
2,
2,
2,6
2,6
3,
2,6
2,6
2,6
2,6
2,6
2,6
2,6
3,
ld service wata from a s
h
on of econos are reliablsponding foe one calcul
roup, the hoFS collects workers. Giurance contrtain an estim
had to be traurs spent m
as divided byumber of wo
ces” group, ime working
onding salaunpaid hou
hly r a yee,
M
598
598
652
652
852
619
619
619
619
619
619
619
865
work offeredspecially de
omic activitle at two digur-digit NAlated at the
ourly wagesdata on net
iven the valuributions shmation of th
ansformed inmonthly in un
y 169 hoursorking days
for which Lg programs
ary, and the sehold serv
Monthly value M
F=D*E
1,0
4
4
1
4
2
d for esigned
ties in gits ACE
level of
s wages,
ue of ould e gross
nto full-npaid s/month in a
LFS .
vice
MDL
046,103,471
446,131,922
418,848,881
131,139.286
434,253,501
95,093,499
230,915,076
30,113,166
7,424,891
20,760,671
15,771,124
93,156,520
14,097,503
TUS activities
A
352
353
354
359
361
362
369
371
381
382
383
384
389
391
392
421
423
424
425
429
Total
O329.billion M48.9 bil
7.5.2.2
In330.workers
H331.and reprequire Conseq
T332.services
26 For TU27 For TU28 US$ =
NACE rev.2 two-
digits code
B
2 43
3 95
4 45
9 95
1 97
2 97
9 97
1 82
1 88
2 88
3 88
4 88
9 88
1 88
2 88
1 41&43
3 88
4 88
5 88
9 88
l -
On average, MDL.28 Forllion MDL o
Seconda
n the seconds was used t
Hours spent pairs as helhigher qual
quently, hou
able 7.4 shos.
US activities 3US activities 314.039 MDL
Hours per mo
C
4,023
1,061
2,966
977
19,262
1,535
4
167
1654
2,786
7,859
1,012
254
1074
89
1,562
57
4430
645
7,329
257,271
the monthlyr the whole or about 3.5
approach:
d approach (to value dir
in two activlp were valulification an
urs spent in t
ows the esti
361, 362, 369 361, 362, 369
L
nth Monthly
prog
3,765
1,890
6,525
7,580
2,650 1
5,765
4,605
7,190
41685
6,245
9,150
2,570
4,135
4,750
9,325
2,130
7,475
0,100
5,615
9,540
1,230
y value of uyear the est
5 billion US
Replacem
(with few eectly hours
vities, 35 Coued using sand most prothese activit
imated mon
actual hours ahourly gross
124
y full-time grams
Ag
fu
D
23,809
6,283
17,553
5,784
9,262,65026
1,535,76514
4,60514
989
97880
16,487
46,504
5,992
1,504
6359
529
9,243
340
26,214
3,820
43,370
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unpaid houstimated valu
SD, which re
entgenera
xceptions), obtained fr
onstructionalaries estimbably cannoties were tra
nthly volume
are given wage of a dom
Average monthgross salary forull-time employ
MDL (2014)
E
3,
2,7
3,3
2,7
12
12
12
6,0
2,4
2,4
2,4
2,4
2,4
2,4
2,4
3,
2,4
2,4
2,4
2,4
ehold servicue of unpaidepresented 4
alistappro
the gross hrom the TUS
n and repaimated from ot be undertansformed i
es of hours
mestic worker
hly r a yee,
M
852
779
317
779
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2.515
2.515
014
437
437
437
437
437
437
437
858
437
437
437
437
ce work in 2d household43.6% of th
oach
hourly wageS.
irs and 421the ES as thtaken by dointo full-tim
and their va
r is estimated
Monthly value M
F=D*E
2
2
1
1
4,0
2014 was 4d service wohe GDP in 2
e of domesti
1 Constructhese activiti
omestic worme programs
alue by type
from LFS
MDL
91,715,652
17,463,378
58,231,657
16,076,853
240,595,652
19,182,116
57,518
5,949,194
238,552,631
40,181,280
113,339,174
14,602,578
3,664,958
15,499,294
1,288,183
35,660,008
828,864
63,887,809
9,310,609
105,701,508
075,598,425
.1 ork was 2014.
ic
tion ies rkers. s.
e of
Table 7Estima
TUS activi
A
O333.work whouseho35.4% o
29 For TUprograms
7.4 ated monthl
ities Mon
A
311
312
321
322
323
324
331
332
339
343
344
349
351
352
353
354
359
361
362
369
371
381
382
383
384
389
391
392
421
423
424
425
429
Total
On average, was 3.3 billio
old service of the GDP
US activities 3s are given.
ly value of
nthly hours
B
6
2
2
1
1
1
1
25
under the seon MDL in work was 3in 2014.
35 Constructi
unpaid hou
Gro
68,062,170
29,026,485
26,687,325
8,355,655
19,051,645
6,136,470
149,01,160
1,943,230
479,135
1,339,705
1017,725
6,011,475
3,64729
23,80923
6,28323
17,55323
5,78423
19,262,650
1,535,765
4,605
167,190
16,541,685
2,786,245
7,859,150
1,012,570
254,135
1,074,750
89,325
9,24323
57,475
4,430,100
645615
7,329,540
57,272,230
econd appro2014. For th
39.7 billion
ion and repai
125
usehold ser
oss hourly wage o
oach, the mhe whole yeMDL or ab
irs and 421 Co
rvice work
of domestic work
C
monthly valuear, the estiout 2.8 billi
onstruction a
using LFS
kers Month
12.5
12.5
12.5
12.5
12.5
12.5
12.5
12.5
12.5
12.5
12.5
12.5
3,86530
3,852
2,779
3,317
2,779
12.5
12.5
12.5
12.5
12.5
12.5
12.5
12.5
12.5
12.5
12.5
3,86524
12.5
12.5
12.5
12.5
-
ue of unpaidmated valueion USD, w
and repairs a
wage estim
hly value MDL
D=B*C
8
3
3
2
2
2
3,3
d household e of unpaid
which repres
s help full-tim
mate
850,114,714
362,548,564
333,331,830
104,364,367
237,960,143
76,646,152
186,119,475
24,271,463
5,984,524
16,733,274
12,711,658
75,084,931
14,097,503
91,715,652
17,463,378
58,231,657
16,076,853
240,595,652
19,182,116
57,518
2,088,248
206,610,071
34,800,946
98,162,886
12,647,270
3,174,214
13,423,915
1,115,693
35,729,333
717,878
55,333,134
8,063,904
91,547,916
306,706,831
service
sented
me
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lusions
hs
volume of n a way thatnt cost of thsing informore in line wiate consum
h. that the metirect compard service wrequired fois available r analysis thion. proportion ofreely availa
VA of nutritwas largelywth in the v
ecline in therie eaten out
trition servion to 2005.
DP has fluct
f household
cs (2016).
output is est is consiste
he particularmation on howith compenmption, and
thods adoptrisons betw
work. or measuring
on an annuhan, for exam
of data requiable, as adm
139
tion servicey driven by value of nute number oft over this p
ices was £1 However, w
tuated betwe
ds
stimated, it ent with Natr service. Thurs of input
nsation of emGOS are re
ted here are ween United
g the GVA ual basis. Thmple, input
ired for Uniministrative d
es of househaverage ann
trition servif calories coperiod.
44.3 billionwithin the peen 6.8% in
is relativelytional Accouhis is in cont and wagesmployees. F
equired to es
consistent Kingdom G
of informalhis allows a
approaches
ited Kingdodata. This m
holds increanual growthces declined
onsumed at
n, equivalenperiod consin 2007 and 9
y straightforunts, by usi
ntrast to the s yields an eFurther adjustimate outp
with NationGDP and th
l childcare amuch more
s based on t
om’s output means that th
ased by 46.4h of 6.7% bed by 6.8% bhome, and a
nt to 7.9% ofidered nutri9.3% in 201
rward to valing just the minput appro
estimate thaustments, suput in the in
nal Accounte GVA of u
and nutritione frequent titime-use
approach ishe cost of
4% etween between a
f GDP. ition 12.
lue this market-oach at is uch as nput
ts, unpaid
n ime
s
7.8.4.2
7.9 Mpa
Fi382.final coand 200to intermthe PIMaccountproduct2008. Lgoods iFigure 7nationa(durablecomparmade byand equpurchas2008.
compilingdoes not
Weaknes
United Kwhich takby babysfor childrMeasuresthat childare reliansituation It is not pvariablesinequalitiusefulnes
Measurinproductiand2008
igure 7.10 honsumption 08. It showsmediate con
M model for t. Figure 7.1tion of servi
Looking at ths due to dep7.10 also hil accounts be goods 3%red to €32.0y household
uity positionsed goods w
g many asprequire besp
sses
Kingdom estkes place, bitters and auren over 8 ys of informadren spend unt on workinby analysin
possible to p in ONS’ ouies in own-uss of measur
ngconsionwor8
highlights thexpenditure
s that aroundnsumption, estimating
10 highlightices activitihe 2008 figpreciation, wighlights thebetween inte
% year 2008)m in 2008. d (€33.9m inn of €6.0m iwas greater t
pects of the hpoke data c
timates of inbut for whichu-pairs, as w
years old. al childcare unsuperviseng assumpting 2014 timprovide breautput approuse productres for polic
sumptiorkofser
he value of e to intermed 60% of hoand aroundthe consum
ts that the ces is estima
gure more clwith the reme breakdownermediate c). DepreciatSince depren 2002 and in 2002 andthan the val
140
household sollection ex
nformal chilh ONS is unwell as out-o
depend larged. In the abions. In the
me-use data wakdowns byach. This is
tion of servicymakers.
noffixervicespr
products thediate consuousehold fin
d 4% to capimption of fixapital consu
ated at €33.9losely, 96%maining 4% n of househ
consumptiontion amounteciation is l€30.8m in
d €1.2m in 2lue of goods
satellite accxercises.
ldcare do nonable to findof-school cl
gely on estibsence of hafuture, ONSwhich will by gender, ags important ices activitie
edcapitroductio
hat are realloumption andnal consumpital formatioxed capital iumption of 9m in 2002,
% of the capiaccounted
hold final con (37% yearted to €27.9ess than the2008), there
2008. In oths written off
ount is relat
ot include sd any data. lubs and ho
imates of thard evidenceS hope to imbe availablege and otherinformationes, and to en
talforowoninIta
ocated awayd capital forption expenon. Italy hasin their houdurable goo, decreasingital consumpfor by capit
onsumption r 2008) and
9m in 2002 ae amount ofe is a variat
her words, thff in Italian h
tively low,
ome paid caThis includ
oliday play s
he amount oe, these estimmprove thise in 2016. r sociodemon for assessinhance the
wn‐usealy,200
y from housrmation in 2nditure is alls traditional
usehold sateods for owng to €30.8mption of durtal formatioin the Italia
d investmentat current pf the investmtion of the ahe value of households
and
are des care schemes
f time mates
ographic ing
2
sehold 2002 located lly used llite
n-use m in
rable on. an ts rices
ments assets
in
Figure 7Breakdand du
2002
2008
7.10 S
T383.Use Surwith int
Pr384.Univers1992–9days. Thof time-
T385.of LaboTo estimsets arefirst is ttime useproductand domhousehoreclassi
T386.an annu
Final inconsum
Final inconsu
20
7.10 down of finrable good
ExampStates
his section rvey (MTUtegrating the
rior to 2003sity of Mich3 and 1998–hese survey-use survey
he annual Aour Statisticmate a time combined that the twoe into 41 dition work ofmestic traveold activitieified into on
he second iual basis, we
ndividual ption 2002 h
771.277
100
ndividual umption 008
Fho
979.699
100
al consumpds, Italy, 200
plesofco
describes thS) and the Aem into a ti
3, there werhigan in 196–99. The re
ys were laters.
ATUS surves. They are series of ow
into a singleo surveys usfferent catef services: h
el. The ATUes. To retainne of the sev
issue is that e interpolate
Final consumhousehold prod
Final consumousehold prod
ption in the02 and 200
ontinuo
he two sourAmerican Tme series.
e a number 65–66, 1975esponse sizer incorporat
eys which blarge scale
wn-use prode data set. Te different c
egories, sevehousework, US survey con comparabiven MTUS
MTUS date hours betw
mption duction
Inc
461.716
60
ption duction
Intecon
hopr
617.504
63
141
e national a08
oustime
ces of US tiTime Use Su
of small-sc5–76, and 1es of these sted into the
began in 200with respon
duction worThis involveclassificatioen categoriecooking, od
ontains a mility betweecategories.
a is drawn fween survey
ntermediate onsumption household production
275.692
36
million of e
ermediate nsumption ousehold roduction
330.230
34
million of e
percenta
accounts in
e‐usesu
ime-use daturvey (ATU
cale time-us985 and the
surveys rangMTUS, a c
03, and are cnse sizes ofrk of servicees overcomions. The MTes of which dd jobs, gar
much more den the two d
from periody years for e
Durable gohousehoproductio
2
6
percentage
euro
Durable goohouseholdproduction
31
euro
age
n intermedi
urveys–
ta - the MulUS) – and so
se surveys, ce Universityge from 1,20cross-countr
conducted bf 15,000 to 2es, the ATUing a numbeTUS surveyare include
rdening, shodetailed accodata sets, AT
dic surveys. each catego
oods old on
Consufixed
33.870
4
ods d n
Consumfixed c
.964
3
iate consum
United
tinational Tome of the i
carried out by of Marylan00 to 10,00ry harmoniz
by the U.S. 20,000 diary
US and MTUer of issues.y split houseed in own-usopping, chilounting of TUS catego
To place thory. The Ma
umption of d capital
N
27.878
82
mption of capital
Ne
30.760
96
mption
Time issues
by the nd in 0 diary
zed set
Bureau y days. US data . The ehold se ldcare
ries are
hem on aryland
Net fixed capitalformation
5.99
1
et fixed capitalformation
1.20
l
92
18
l
04
4
surveyssurvey isurvey ystatus.
T387.survey Therefoyears ofof own-al., 201research
7.11 d
7.1
St388.conduct2009–2the use purposeLaboratresults c
7.1
T389.the Finnactivitie25 and reminde
C390.time-uscategory
C391.7.7.
s were not uis biased heyears for ea
he main adv- and that al
ore, these daf ATUS dat-use produc2; Bridgmahers to bette
Exampdiary–F
11.1 Intro
tatistics Finted at interv
2010 (Pääkkof time is n
e, Statistics tory by meacomparable
11.2 Data
he light dianish time-uses, covering64. There wer card was
Control data se survey. Ty classificat
Characteristi
used becauseeavily towarach category
vantage of tllows for mata can be uta, the U.S. ction work oan, 2016b). Ter understan
pleofusFinland
duction
nland has covals of approkönen and Hneeded, for eFinland has
ans of the foe with those
ary was testese survey ing a one-day were two dia
sent afterw
was establiThe date of s
tion system
ics of the Fu
e the 1998–rds the weeky are interpo
the ATUS dmore frequenused to examBureau of E
of services, These estimnd the busin
singtime
onducted fouoximately t
Hanifi 2012)example, fos developedocus group i
of the full-
ed with a san 2010. Respperiod. The
ary-keepingwards to all s
ished using survey comp
m were consi
ull-scale TU
142
–99 survey hkend. To obolated using
data is that int estimates mine time alEconomic Awhich track
mates providness cycle.
e‐usesu
ur nationallten years. Th). However,or use in thed a light diarinterview prscale diary
ample of 1,0pondents coe target age g periods in sampled per
informationpletion, the istent betwe
US and the L
has a small btain annualg adult popu
it is the annuof own-use
llocation at Analysis hask activities ode a unique
urveys‐
y representahe most rec, faster prove household ry that was rocedure. Tcan be prod
000 personsompleted thof respondeMarch, eacrsons.
n received iage of the r
een the light
Light Diary
sample andl estimates, ulation by g
ual - the one productiona higher fres released pover a recesresource fo
alight
ative time-ucent survey vision of dat
satellite actested at its
The aim is toduced with t
, by mail, inhe diary withents was lim
ch lasting on
n diaries frorespondent,t-diary and
Survey are
d the 1992–9hours betw
gender and w
nly annual tin of serviceequency. Useriodic estim
ssion (Bridgor policymak
diary/
use surveys,dates back tta on changcount. For t
s Survey o study whethe light dia
n connectioh 35 pre-codmited to betwne week. A
om the full- and the 35the control
presented i
93 ween work
ime-use s. sing 11 mates
gman et kers and
full
, to
ges in this
ether ary.
n with ded ween
-scale -data.
in Table
Table 7Charac
7.1
T392.the diarthe stanrespond
T393.often hidiary ov
T394.frame. Dpopulathigher tfemaleswere po
In395.availablhelped tcombindescript
Type of suData colleFieldworkSampleCoverageWho comNumber o
DescriptioActivity de
Self-comp
Diary/recaTime perioMain and
LocationWho withCodingAchieved
ResponseEditing
ImputingWeighting
Other dat
7.7 cteristics of
11.3 Non‐r
he non-respry. Large nondard error odents.
he high nonigh in mail ever 24 hour
he characteDistributiontion (Pääkköthan females aged 55-64ositively cor
n spite of thle auxiliary to reduce th
ned with calition of the w
urveyection modek period
mpletes diaryof diary days
ons/pre-codedetail
pletion/interview
allodssecondary acti
sample
e rate
g
a collected
f the Full-sc
response
ponse rate won-responseof estimates
n-response renquiries, cs, entailing
eristics of nons by gendeönen and V
es. Males ag4 had the lorrelated to e
e high non-information
he non-respoibration estiweighting, s
Full-scalSeparate CAPI or CApril 2009HouseholHouseholHousehol2 days, oRespondeactivityCoded to
werSelf-compinstructio
Responde10 minute
ivity Main andLocation informatioWho withActivities 7,480 diaHouseholinterview:Fully editMissing ediariesYes, withHouseholdiaries fo
cale Time U
e
was 82.6 % w is harmful s. Further, it
rate in this scoupled with
a large resp
on-responder, age and eäisänen, 20
ged 25-34 haowest (77.9%education.
-response ran. Post-stratonse bias. Pimators wersee Pääkkön
e Time Use Susurvey
CATI9 – May 2010lds / personsld population 10ld members 10
one weekday + ent writes in de
146 activity copletion with inte
ons
ent fills in the de time periods secondary actcoded based on
onh recorded
are centrally coary daysld interview: 59% 48%, Diary ove
tedevening sleep w
h calibrationld and individuar the employed
143
Use Survey
with only 1in two wayt can cause
survey is unh the fact thponse burde
ents were steducation of12). The noad the highe%). Finally,
ates, valuabltification an
Post-stratificre used for tnen and Väi
urvey
0 years or moreyears or moreone weekend dscriptions of
deserviewers'
iary during the d
ivityn other diary
oded
%, Person erall: 39%
was imputed for
l interviews, we
y and the L
74 individuys: it reduce
bias due res
nderstandabhat respondeen.
tudied usingf non-responon-responseest non-resp, the study h
le informatind generaliscation accorthe light diaisänen (201
PrecodedSeparate sPostal inquMarch 201Persons
e 25–64 yeaOne perso
ay 1 day
Responden35 activity
Self-compl
day Responden10 minute Main activi
No locationWho with rActivities p174 diary d
Diary 17%Slightly ed
114 No imputinYes, with c
eek Demograp
Light Diary
uals from ths the samplspondents d
ble. Non-resents were re
g variables fndents diffe rate of mal
ponse rate (9highlighted
ion was retrsed regressirding age grary data. Fo2).
d "light" diarysurveyuiry0, two survey w
ars old Finnish son per household
nt selects pre-ccodes
letion, no intervi
nt fills in the diatime periods
vity, no seconda
n codedrecordedpre-codeddays
dited
ngcalibration
hic background
Survey
he sample ree size, incre
differing fro
ponse rates equired to fi
from the samered from thles was seve91.4%), whthat respon
rieved usingon estimatoroup and ger a more de
weeks
speaking populad
coded activity ca
viewer
ary during the da
ary activity reque
d questions
eturning easing om non-
are ill in the
mpling he en %
hile se rates
g the ors ender etailed
ation
ategories
ay
ested
7.1
T396.orderedgainful 1978). Fcategor35-catelight dia7.8).
R397.who weactivityinstruct30% of episode
O398.of episoIt was imviewed code, or
Fi399.definitio
a)
b
c
O400.categorit from and sna
7.1
T401.work anamounttime spedifferen
11.4 Class
he light-diad hierarchica
work and sFurthermoreies used in tgory classifary data, the
Respondentsere doing cay they regardtions - at leaf respondentes of time.
Overall thougodes had twmpossible tas the main
r the highes
inally, the fon of main
) If gainfulthe main
b) If socialwas som
c) If restingsomethin
Once these cies. The timsecondary o
acks decreas
11.5 Resul
hese resultsnd studyingts of time foent is 33 mi
nce is almos
ification
ary classifieally so that tudying, trae, the designthe full-scalfication for e final analy
were askedarrying out tded as the mast two activts recorded
gh, the vastwo and three
to ascertain n one. To rest-level activ
following coactivity wit
l work was activity.
lising was remething elseg was recorng else, the
changes werme spent in gor tertiary ased by 18 m
lts
s present tim, domestic w
or these maiinutes shortst the same
ofactivi
d main activcategories r
avel, domesn of the clale survey. Tthe comparysis conden
d to record otwo tasks si
main activityvities per epthree activi
t majority (8activities rewhich of th
esolve this ivity, was de
orrections wth the full-sc
recorded as
ecorded as te, the secondrded as the me second act
re processedgainful woractivity to a minutes.
me spent in work, free tin categorieter in the ligfor men and
144
ties
vities into 3related to petic work anssification a
The control rison. Due tonsed the clas
only one acimultaneousy. Unfortunpisode wereties per epis
82%) of epiespectivelyhe simultanessue, the claeemed the m
were made acale time-us
s the second
the main acd activity wmain activitivity was m
d, durations rk increasedmain activi
the followintime and tras with the e
ght diary thad women.
35-categorieersonal care
nd eventuallyallows direcdata was clo the low nussification t
tivity for easly were ins
nately, not eve recorded insode. A tota
isodes had o. Finally, 3%eous activitassification
main activity
at the editingse survey:
dary or third
ctivity and thwas made thety and the se
made the ma
were calcud by 26 minuity. By cont
ng main catavel. The twexception ofan in the con
es. The clase were listedy by free-timct comparabassified by umber of obo 15-catego
ach time slostructed to sverybody fon 79% of thal of 37% re
only one act% of episodies the respcategory w
y.
g stage to h
d activity, it
he second re main activecond recor
ain activity.
ulated for thutes as a restrast, the tim
tegories: perwo surveys pf domestic wntrol data. T
sification wd first, follome categoribility to the a correspon
bservations ories (see Ta
ot. Respondeselect only tollowed the
he diaries, wecorded emp
tivity. 11% des were leftondents had
with the shor
harmonise th
t was change
recorded actvity. rded activity
e main activsult of reallo
me used for
rsonal care,produce simwork on whThe size of t
was owed by ies (Ås, 146-
nding in the
able
ents the ese while
pty
and 4% ft empty. d rtest
he
ed into
tivity
y was
vity ocating meals
, gainful milar hich the the
Table 7Time u(Minutes
A402.for domthan thechildcarclass artype acrdoes nothe amo(eight m
T403.comparhave chdatasetsused forin both
Sl404.in makiclassificEurostadiary. Ffull diarfull-sca
T405.employ
ActivityPersonal Sleep andMeals andWashing, Gainful emDomesticChildcareOther domFree timeSocialisingParticipatiPhysical eComputingReadingTV, video,Other freeTravelUnspecifieTotalDiary days
Source: Stat
7.8 used for mas per day)
Among the mmestic work.e full-scale re classes. Pre high non-ross the two
ot record infount of timeminutes).
ime spent cred to the fuhildren ageds is greatly rr travel (travdiaries (4%
leep and resing a distinccations, sleeat, 2009). ThFurther, totary. On the o
ale diary.
he two survyment and st
care, totald restingd snacksdressingmployment, studc work, total
mestic worke, totalgion and culture
exerciseg
, radio time
ed
s
tistics Finland
ain activitie
main catego. The light ddiary. TherePossible rea-response rao surveys. Uformation one spent on re
caring for chull-scale diard less than 1reduced (ligvel to work
% difference
sting are exction betweeeping usuallhe light diaral time spentother hand, t
veys report atudy. For ga
Total
Full-scale TUS
Ld
630502
8048
dy 240173
25147317
4318423135
130186912
1,440366
es by type o
ries, the resdiary produce are differe
asons for theates of the liUnfortunateln housing. Denovations a
hildren is apry. Howeve8 years old
ght diary dak, school, sh).
amined togen the two (ly comes unry results ret sleeping athe light dia
almost equaainful emplo
ight iary
Differ-ence (TUS-Light diary)
624 6483 19
90 -1051 -3
243 -3140 33
17 8122 25309 8
67 -2416 230 1230 144 -9
106 2416 272 -352 -40
1,440 0174
145
of diary and
sults of the tces 33 minuences partice observed dight diary orly, the latterDespite the and repairs
pproximateler, when thed and living ata 45 minuthop, gym, or
ether as it s(see also Lander personecord less sland resting rary observe
al total amooyment, the
Men
Full-scale TUS
Lightdiary
627 62503 49
80 843 4
260 25132 9
13120 9337 33
48 618 147 229 332 4
141 1322 271 812 4
1,440 1,44173 7
d gender
two surveysutes less timcularly in thdifferences r possibly dr cannot be overall diffis exactly t
ly one-thirde analysis isat home, thtes vs. contrr the like, al
eems that thader et al., 2al care and leep and morecorded in s slightly m
ounts of timee difference
Wom
t y
Differ-ence (TUS-Light diary)
FuscaTU
21 693 1088 -840 350 1098 34
7 691 2939 -264 -1614 426 2136 -744 -1235 620 284 -1349 -3740 0 170
s deviate mome for dome
e home maiin the home
due to differexplored as
ferences in hhe same in
d less in the s restricted the differencerol data 46 mlso on foot)
he responde2006). In timresting und
ore resting ththe light-di
more time fo
e spent on gis only fou
men
ull-ale US
Light diary
D
633 628500 474
79 9253 62
220 236213 182
38 28175 154296 279
37 6917 1837 3533 2438 44
119 7615 1267 6012 56
,440 1,440193 104
ost in the timestic work pintenance ane maintenanrences in tens the light dhome maintboth datase
light diary to only those between thminutes). T is almost th
ents had diffme-use der free timehan the fullary is less t
or meals than
gainful ur %, in cont
Differ-ence (TUS-Light diary)
526
-13-9
-1631102117
-32-129
-643
37
-440
me used per day nd nce nure
diary tenance,
ets
e who he two he time he same
fficulty
e (e.g., l-scale han the n the
trast to
studyintime as survey rthem is
T406.differentime forsocialis
Fi407.empty eevening(Väisänminutes
7.1
E408.assistanquality.
D409.each othin classchildcarbut wheat homelight-diimporta
M410.activityactivitywhich tcorrespsocialisbe testediaries.
7.12 m–
7.1
In411.absence
g time wherthe full-scarespondentslow.
he total amnce betweenr it than the
sing in a way
inally, the depisodes, tog was imputnen, 2012). Is, or 0.8 % o
11.6 Concl
xperiences nce from int. In this com
Despite low rher in most es relating tre. The lighen the exame, time spenary allowed
ant aspect of
Most respondy. Apart fromy. The respothe secondarond with th
sing, physicaed as an alte
Anexameasure–Switzer
12.1 Intro
n the late 19e of statistic
re the light ale diary. Ths is 25 to 64
ount of freen the data ca
full-scale dy that differ
diaries contatalling 3.6%ted in the fuIn the controf the day.
lusions
gained fromterviewers imparison, th
response raof the main
to own-use ht diary prodmination is rend on childcd separate df the househ
dents foundm main activndents themry activity (
he full-scale al exercise a
ernative to a
ampleofelabourrland
duction
980s and thecal informat
diary reporthis perhaps 4, and theref
e time only an be seen idiary. This irs from the
ained 13 mi% of the 1,4ull-scale surrol data, the
m the testings needed to
he effect of n
ates (17%), tn time-use cproduction
duces one-thestricted to
care is almoistinctions ihold satellit
d it impossibvities, the d
mselves sho(see also Mcsurvey data
and televisia light paper
fusingarinputt
e 1990s, thetion on dom
146
ts estimatesis not a surpfore the sam
deviates byn socialisinis likely duecoding prac
inutes of un40 minutes
rvey, which time that re
g of the ligh reach a satnon-respons
the diaries pcategories. H
of serviceshird less timonly those st the same in the categte account.
ble to recorddiary shoulduld be allowcGinnity et a would theion watchinr diary. This
aLaboutounpai
e National Cmestic and fa
s which are prise given
mple size of
y 2.5% in theng: the light e to respondctice in the
nspecified tiof the day. reduced tim
emained in
ht diary as aisfactory rese was corre
produced esHowever, th such as hom
me for childcwho have cin both datory renovat
d time use bd also allowwed to decidal., 2005).
en be easier g. The use os could also
urForceidhouse
Council in Samily workl
almost fourthat the age
f full-time st
e datasets. Tdiary produ
dents undersfull time-us
me-use andMissing da
me in the unthe unknow
a postal inquesponse rateected with w
stimates thahere were nome maintencare than th
children ageasets. Moretions and re
by choosing the recordide which is The editingin the categof a web qu
o improve th
Surveyeholdse
Switzerland,load as well
r times as me range of thtudents amo
The most nouces 56% mstanding se survey.
d 39 minutesata on sleep nknown catewn category
uiry indicatee and to enhweighting.
at were closeotable diffenance and he full-scaleed under 18 e positively,pairs catego
g just one ming of one pthe main an
g of the datagories of uestionnairehe quality o
moduleervicew
, noticing thl as on volu
much he ong
otable more
s of in the
egory was 12
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Table 7Domest(Hours onDomest
Hours on
Total of h
Total of h
Meal prep
Washing-
Shopping
Cleaning,
Laundry,
Home ma
Animals,
Administr
Total care
Feeding a
Playing w
Accompa
Provision
Only houscare:Feeding a
Playing w
Accompa
Provision
Total of hpopulatio
+/- h: confide
© FSO, Neuc
T424.domestiFurthermyoungeworkloaemployhousehoweek.
Fi425.Switzerworkloain coup(men) a
12.4 Keyr
7.9 tic and famn average per tic and family waverage per wee
ouseholds:
hours spent on d
paration
-up and putting a
g
tidying
ironing
aintenance, hand
plants, gardenin
rative tasks
e and assistance
and bathing youn
with children, hel
anying children, t
of care and ass
seholds with chi
and bathing youn
with children, hel
anying children, t
of care and ass
ours spent on unn aged 15 and o
ence interv al 95% in ho
châtel / Source: BFS -
able 7.9 higic and familmore, as Fist child is aad. This exc
yment, althoold category
igure 7.13 hrland, the toad) by men le househol
and 68 hour
resultsfr
mily workloweek) workload by g
ek
domestic and fam
away crockery, l
dicraft
ng
e
ng children
ping with homew
taking them out
istance to adults
ld(ren) or adults
ng children
ping with homew
taking them out
istance to adults
npaid work, permolder (voluntary w
ours per w eek
Sw iss Labour Force S
ghlights thatly workloadgure 7.12 b
aged 0-6, speceeds the no
ough it shouy, men also
highlights thotal amount
and womenlds with thes (women) p
omtheL
oad by grougroup of activ
mily work load
aying the table
work
s
in need of
work
s
manent resident work included)
Surv ey (SLFS): unpaid
t women spd (27.5 hourelow showsend on averormal weekuld be noted
participate
hat althoughof hours wo
n is generall youngest cper week. L
150
LabourFo
up of activitvities, in 2013
Women
hrs +/
27.5
6.8
2.5
2.5
4.4
2.3
0.8
2.2
1.1
5.1
1.3
3.2
0.4
0.2
9.5
10.7
1.3
11.4
28.9
d w ork module
pend just ovrs per weeks, women wrage 55.5 holy number othat this woin these tas
h working aorked (totally the same
child under 7Lone parent
orceSurv
ties, 2013
Men/- h hrs
0.4 17.3
0.1 3.4
0.0 1.7
0.1 1.8
0.1 1.8
0.1 0.6
0.1 1.7
0.1 1.8
0.1 1.5
0.2 3.3
0.1 0.6
0.2 2.3
0.0 0.3
0.1 0.
0.5 4.6
0.5 7.2
0.1 1.0
4.3 4.5
0.4 18.4
er 10 hoursk compared wwith partnersours per weof working ork is carriesks with an
and family rl of employmin compara
7, on averags work simi
vey‐mod
Tot+/- h
3 0.3
4 0.1
7 0.0
8 0.1
8 0.1
6 0.0
7 0.1
8 0.1
5 0.1
3 0.2
6 0.1
3 0.1
3 0.1
1 0.0
6 0.4
2 0.4
0 0.2
5 1.5
4 0.3
more of timwith 17.3 hs and childrek, on domhours of a p
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roles are unement, domeable family ge, work a tilarly long h
dule2013
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22.5 0
5.2 0
2.1 0
2.1 0
3.1 0
1.5 0
1.2 0
2.0 0
1.3 0
4.2 0
1.0 0
2.8 0
0.4 0
0.1 0
7.1 0
9.0 0
1.2 0
8.3 2
23.8 0
me than menhours). ren where thestic and faperson in fuys a week. I30.5 hours p
equally diviestic and famsituations. P
total of 70 hhours.
3
.3
0.1
0.0
0.0
0.1
0.1
0.1
0.1
0.0
.1
0.0
0.1
0.0
0.0
0.3
0.3
0.1
2.5
0.3
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Figure 7Time sp(Hours on
Figure 7Time sp
T426.carry ou7.14 repmore thalmost o14.5 ho
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d family wo
activity on
resident popy or voluntaent in formampared withg days per m
151
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housework
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household
k and carin
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type, 2013
ng for the fa
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3
amily, 2013
e, in Switzeganisation. Fnd to particind on avera12.0 hours,
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Figure 7Involve
In427.involvethis infoIndividu17.2 ho
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7.14 ement in fo
n Switzerlaned in informormal conteuals spend o
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7.15 ement in in
ormal volun
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ntary work
of the residehousehold seof women calmost two
er month, se
untary wor
152
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ent populatioervice workompared wworking da
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rk, 2013
on– or arouk. Women arith 13.8% oays per mon10).
und 1.3 millire more acti
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Table 7Time sp(Hours onTime sOn ave
Total
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uchâtel / Source: BF
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0.2
0.2
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0.1
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153
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0.60.80.5
mal and/or informal v
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S): unpaid w ork mod
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r the past 4 w eeks.
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ry work
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Figure 7Volumeand ove(Millions
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Total childcaFeeding and Play ing w ith Accompany iProv ision of
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© FSO, NeuInformation: L
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vailable from horking-time/ho
7.11 ution of un013 s of hours)
tic and family w orkloadation lay ing the table
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v e tasks
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ary w ork ntary w orkuntary w ork
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154
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101.6 5
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5379 1.5
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+/- Mio. hrs Mio. h
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61.822.9
8.813.021.217.012.417.410.7
38.714.528.1
7.112.8
21.511.218.3
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hrs +/- in %
3341 1.9
2472 2.0597 2.4294 2.5311 3.7316 4.0102 7.1289 7.5309 6.2253 5.0
567 5.3108 8.6392 5.7
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302 6.6198 8.2105 10.5
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7.411.412.6
7.221.519.312.7
29.99.3
22.39.54.0
19.916.311.0
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sible to use we or classifieerently. Somndary, and aeconomic ac
allows to defmeasuremennts outside tor example ment object tices. For exeatre, where
ween conneducers, etc. This allowss service to thes, which s the wellbe
eases the we
s or criteria herence, wh
nsistent with th
countto
llite accounice work actugh others s
manager, wathe SNA as an of the sys
he central sy
wing determons besides economic ar treatment sdependencered by the ce
widely the ers. The exteme limits areare more relctivity44.
fine key clant object insthe boundarthe consumof a culturexample, sine economic
ected activitThese key c
s showing ifa different is unpaid h
eing of anotellbeing onl
should follohich are usef
he central sys
oahealt
nts, and at letivities) thatspecific issuter, forest, ea starting potem (extend
ystem.
mination of their use fo
and social poshould be ee on SNA. Tentral syste
same proceent of produe similar to ated to issu
assification side the boury. The
mption, whice satellite acnging with re
flows occur
ties, main aclassificatiof an activityperson than
household sether person.y of the per
ow the prinful in proce
tem, they may
th
east four t can be ues such etc. The oint. d of the
for olicy. qual or The m, even
dures uction the
ues such
patterns undary,
ch ccount elatives r is
and on y is n the ervice On the
rson
ciples sses or
y not
activitieactivity
D438.quantitaidentifytools, quetc.
B439.househopoints w
Fi440.househoaccountexamplculturalfestivalhousehocare of housingAlmost the houtourismactivitiearchaeo
T441.to the vtheir immateria
es that appey can appear
Developing sative procesy similar wauality contr
Based on theolds satellitwere derived
Repeatingby two saCross-cutlabour, orsame timBoundariConfidenaccounts came fromThe not-aSynergieexchangiGood pra
igure 7.17 old satellitets will gradue, a linkagel activities ss managemold service beaches, etc
g extension all of these
usehold or bym satellite aces such as toological site
his allows avaluation of mputed costsals.
ear in severar in two or m
schemas andsses associaays from varrol models (
e analysis ofe account, hd:
g work wasatellite accotting issues r replaceme
me. ies betweennce in the ge
was ensurem a differenadditive rules between dng of ideas.
actices were
shows the le account anually be idee to the cultusuch as civic
ment. Envirowork on refc. Its linkagand improv
e activities hy other hou
ccount, linkaour guide, c
es and so on
analysing thunpaid hou
s by the cen
al satellite amore satellit
d roadmapsated with therious accou(e.g., Gener
f these similhealth satell
s avoided, pounts with a
from satellent cost valu
n each satellenerated resed. It showent sector. e of satellitedifferent wo. e transferred
linkage betwnd health anentified in dure satellitec, patriotic anmental accforestation, ge with housvement, ownhave househuseholds (cloages are idecare of beacn.
he measuremusehold worntral system
157
accounts. Bete accounts
s describinge constructi
unts in usingric Statistica
lar ways amlite account
articularly wapparently dlite accountsuation or eq
lite accountsults and coned same resu
e accounts work teams he
d from one p
ween the und NPI’s sateveloping o account, inand religioucounting, mrecycling, csing satellitn constructihold participose relativeentified fromches, care of
ment procesrk in housinwhere labo
ecause of in.
g each proceon of satelli
g resources, al Business
mong unpaidand NPI’ s
when it refedifferent pros, such as G
quivalent fun
were set annsistency ofult from the
was used. elped to gai
project to an
npaid househellite accou
other accounn particular us festivals,
meanwhile, acleaning thee account liion, supervipation, eithes or volunte
m participatf protected n
sses in the cng. This kindour cost is ad
ncompletene
ess ensures hite accountsmethodoloProcess Mo
d householdsatellite acco
ers to the saofiles. GDP, emplonction can b
nd recognizef informatio same varia
n further kn
nother.
hold serviceunts. Links tnts. One miabout volun or film, danalso have toe streets andies on activising and ower through weer labour). tion in volunnatural area
central SNAd of activitiedded to the
ess, for exam
homogeneits. It helps togical and stodel), risk m
d service woount, the fol
ame issue ad
yment, volube addresse
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nowledge an
e work of to other sateght expect, nteer labournce and the
o measure und trash colleities such as
wn productiwork providRegarding
nteer labouras, protectio
A, e.g., contres is valuedcost of used
mple, an
ty of the o tatistical matrix,
ork of llowing
ddressed
unteer d at the
the gh it
nd
ellite for
r on eatre npaid ection, s on. ded by the r in
on of
ributing d for d
Figure 7Exampaccoun
Fi442.volunte(environmanner
T443.extrapoas identneeded align themploy
T444.In the thmethodalternatFor otheculture,
T445.commospecificextensio
7.17 ple of the linnts
igure 7.17 seer labour innment, dever.
he practice olating not otified in the to identify
he organizedyment and N
he figure hihree satellit
d), using thetively they cer satellite a, volunteer l
he experienn practices
c satellite acon of the ce
nkage betw
shows intersn health careelopment, w
of linking ponly experie
previous pathe unpaid h
d volunteer NPI’s survey
ighlights in te accounts, e average cocould be calaccounts, wlabour appe
nce in buildiand could s
ccounts’ hanentral SNA.
ween unpaid
secting eleme through anwelfare, etce
processes beence but alsoaragraph. Fhousehold swork, and t
ys.
particular tlabour is ca
ompensationlculated by
which are noears as a cro
ing satelliteserve to estandbook. Suc
158
d household
ments such an organizatietera), whic
etween diffo the measuor exampleservice worthe work pe
the issue of alculated byn of employusing collec
ot mentionedoss-cutting i
e accounts cablish the fich practices
d service w
as help to oion, and vol
ch appears in
ferent satelliurement sch, for the var
rk hours on erformed dir
economic vy the methoyees from thcted wages d in the figussue.
contributes tirst steps tows should be
work and ot
ther househlunteer workn recurring
ite accountshemas for parious satellihealth care rectly by ho
valuation ofod of replacehe central syfrom emplo
ure, such as
to the identiwards the dalways pres
ther satellit
holds in heak in differenand organiz
s allows articular varte accounts from TUS,
ousehold, us
f volunteer lement cost (ystem (althooyment survtourism and
ification of evelopmentsented as an
te
alth care, nt areas zed
riables, work is or to
sing the
labour. (hybrid
ough veys). d
t of a n
Chap
8.1 S
8.1
A446.that is tparallelto as simproductapproac(UN, 20
H447.importarecordininto que
Si448.the samactivitietimes anseconda
H449.as seconinterruptalking ironing
T450.almost cseparateany prinseconda
8.1
M451.
pter8
Simultan
1.1 What
An activity mo say a singl with one omultaneous tion work ofch used, it m005).
How we defiance. Differng, particulaestion the ex
imultaneoume block of tes should bend only trueary activitie
However, resndary, evenpts their ironon the phonand report
hus, secondcertainly alsely. If the acncipal functary activitie
1.2 Why
Multitasking
Multitaskconcurrenmeaning (Kenyon,Multitaskchildcarehousewor
Curre
neousac
taresimu
may be the ogle activity. r more otheactivities. Sf services, b
may be nece
ine and recorent perceptiarly if guidaxtent to whi
s activities time, but whe recorded ae simultaneoes are not co
spondents mn though thening to answne, and irontalking on t
dary-activityso short-durctivities aretion, as we hes.
ismultit
g is consider
king is highntly for appthat multita, 2010). king is partie activities ark but respo
entand
ctivities
ultaneou
only one thaOr, as is so
er activities Simultaneoubecause, depessary to det
ord multitasions of whaance on howich we can
are differenhich clearlyas primary, ous activitieollected).
may find it cey were realwer the phonning. Yet, ththe phone a
y reports noration seque
e sequential,have allocat
askingim
red importan
ly prevalentproximatelyasking can “
icularly prevare often perondents will
159
dFuture
s
usactiviti
at is carried ometimes th
over an inteus activitiespending on termine how
king influenat is multitasw and what compare int
nt from consy occur at ditaking the tes would be
convenient tlly the primane, these ac
he respondens a seconda
ot only incluential activi, we will hated a full 10
mportant
nt due to th
t. People paone third o
“add” up to
valent in sprformed in pl often repo
eResea
ies?
d out over a he case, an aerval of tims complicatethe specific
w much tim
nces conclusking may lto record ister-participa
secutive actistinct timestime to repoe reported as
to report ceary activity
ctivities shont might rep
ary activity.
ude true simities that resave overestim0 or 15 minu
t?
e fact that:
articipate inof the day (F
seven hour
ecific typesparallel wit
ort the care-g
archAr
particular inactivity may
me, the whole the valuatc activities a
me was devo
usions aboutlead to diffes not providant time-use
tivities, whis. Ideally, aort the startis secondary
rtain short-. For exampuld be recorport the sing
multaneous aspondents dmated the toutes to both
n more than Floro and Mrs to the ave
s of activitieth other actigiving activ
reas
nterval of tiy be carried le set being tion of own-and the valuted to each
t its prevaleerences in itded. This mae diaries.
ch may occll sequentiang and stop
y (or ignored
duration actple, if a resprded as irongle activity
activities budid not reporotal time sp
h the primar
one activityMiles, 2003),erage wakin
es. For instavities like
vity as a sec
ime, out in referred -use uation activity
ence and ts ay call
cur in al pping d if
tivities pondent ning, of
ut rt
pent on ry and
y ,
ng day
ance,
condary
8.1
W452.respondsimultanactivitiein the mas childsurveys
W453.secondaspecificways ofmean di
activity. TestimatesAccountiand inequdistributeeducationincome (Fthan menMultitaskTendencyproductivdiscretionleisure ac
1.3 How
While most tdents to reponeously wites that peop
meanwhile. Odcare, and evs.
When simultary, etc. Descation of prif recording ifferent thin
Thus, muchs if only priming for multuality in soced across annal attainmeFloro and M
n. king has sery to multitavity, but it cnary or ‘purctivities).
aresimu
time diariesort both theth the prima
ple perform Other surveven then, so
taneous actispite effortsimary and smultitaskin
ngs by “mul
h of the timemary activittitasking haciety. Evidend is linked ent, employMiles, 2003)
rious conseqsk can impl
can also reprre’ leisure ti
ultaneous
(as the oneir primary a
ary activity,and disrega
eys only colometimes th
ivities are res to harmonecondary ac
ng within fivltitasking“.
160
e spent in chties are covs implicatio
ence suggestto demogra
yment status). Women, f
quences on ply potential resent the inime (as in th
sactivitie
es used to cractivity as w, some timeard the secollect informhrough spec
ecorded, it inise differenctivities remve time-use
hildcare mavered. ons for the uts that mult
aphic factors, gender, prfor instance
people’s webenefits in
ntensificatiohe case of o
estreate
reate the HEwell as anyth-use diary sndary (or te
mation on cercial supplem
is necessarynt surveys, imain. Table
diaries, sug
ay not appea
understandinitasking is ds including resence of ce, tend to do
ell-being anterms of inc
on of work overlap betw
dintime
ETUS databhing else th
surveys recoertiary) activrtain second
ments to regu
y to prioritismportant di8.1 present
ggesting tha
ar in survey
ng of well-bdifferentiallage, culture
children ando multitask m
nd quality ofcreased and the lack
ween work a
e‐usesur
base) ask hey were doord only thevities that hdary activitiular time-us
se these as mifferences ints six differeat these surv
being ly e, d more
f life.
k of and
rveys?
ing e main happen ies, such se
main, n the ent veys
Table 8Differe
Source: K
8.1
A454.time spetabulatebecauseprimarymeanin
A455.simultanwould bmethodhours. Tsame asthe data
A456.proporttotal amhour of the propon the pprimary
8.1 ent ways of
Kenyon (2010
1.4 Meas
A first approent in the pred separatele it simplifiey activities igful activiti
A second meneously. Fobe measured
d, although eThe methods when the aa are used in
A third approion of the ti
mount of timf time spent portion of thphone (as a y activity), g
recording
0)
uringtim
ach for mearimary activly. This is thes estimatioin producingies that are o
ethod is to aor example, d as an houreasily impled also presumactivity is pn valuation
oach allocatime that a g
me a populatby an indivhe group totprimary act
giving a rati
multitaskin
mespent
asuring timevity, while the most comon and tabulg statistics ooften report
allocate the simultaneo
r of cookingementable, dmes that theerformed soof housewo
tes time spegroup spendtion group s
vidual simultals. For exativity) and 2io of 1:2, th
161
ng
insimul
e spent in sithe sum of smmonly uselation. As dof daily totated as secon
same amouously cooking and an houdoes not sate “output” oolely. This fork.
ent on simulds on primarspend on a gltaneously pample, if te20 hours a when 9 hours j
ltaneous
imultaneoussecondary a
ed approach discussed abals of time-undary activi
unt of time tng and watcur of watchtisfy the conof an activityfeature is pa
ltaneous actry activitiesgiven activiperforming enage girls week watchjointly spen
activitie
s activities iactivities ma
in time-usebove, howevuse means oties.
o the activitching the teling the televnstraint thaty performedarticularly t
tivities on th. This methity, on averathe activity spend 10 ho
hing televisiont talking on
s
is to count oay be counte surveys, uver, countinomitting ma
ties performlevision for vision. Thist a day has 2d jointly is ttroublesome
he basis of thod computeage, and asson the basi
ours a weekon (also as n the teleph
only the ed and
usually g only
any
med an hour
s 24 the e when
the es the signs an is for k talking a one
while wtelevisiosatisfiedthe samimpress
T457.relevanreports relevantyellow)
Table 8Exampservice (Minute
T458.day. Th
T US ca te gorie s
0 CARE OF HIS PE01 STAY, TO BED S02 EAT, DRINK03 OTHER CARE O1 WORK EXPERIE11 HOME WORK12 SECOND JOB13 OTHER TIME TIE2 EDUCATION, STU21 SCHOOL, UNIVECOURSES SPECIF
3 CARE OF YOUR 31 COOKING, WASSTORING THE DIS32 CLEANING ANDREORGANIZATION33 WASH, IRON ANOF ITEMS OF CLO34 GARDENING AN35 CONSTRUCTIO36 PURCHASE OF37 MANAGEMENT38 CARE OF CHILDFAMILY
4 ACTIVITIES OF VOAID FREE TO OTHSOCIAL PARTICIPA41 ACTIVITIES OF V42 AID DATA FOR FFAMILIES OF OTHE43 PARTICIPATION5 SOCIAL LIFE, LEICULTURAL ACTIVIT51 SOCIAL LIFE52 LEISURE AND C6 SPORT AND OUT61 EXERCISE62 HUNTING, FISHINCOLLECTION OF M63 OTHER ACTIVITTO SPORTS AND O7 ARTS, RECREAT71 ARTS72 RECREATION73 GAMES8 MEDIA AND COM81 READINGS82 TELEVISION AN83 RADIO, MUSIC84 COMMUNICATIO90 JOURNEYS ACC900 Movements for 901 Navigating on b902 Movements for 903 Movements for family and their homand services, house904 Movements relaactivities, aid to othe905 Movements relaentertainment and c906 Movements relaand other outdoor ac907 Movements rela908 shifts associatethe location, for leisu909 children shifts wwithout specifying th99 TIME UnspecifiedT ota le
watching teleon. The advd; however
me as when tsion that les
he examplece of simultthe averaget for own-u) are the min
8.2 ple matrix t
work actives per day)
able 8.2 highis is import
For codes(see the nThe numbfor those
0 01 02
ERSON 0 0 0
SICK 0 522 0
0 0 57
OF HIS PERSON 0 0 0
NCE 0 0 0
0 0 0
0 0 0
ED TO WORK 0 0 0
UDY 0 0 0
ERSITY 0 0 0
FIED 0 0 0
HOUSE AND 0 0 0
SHING AND SHES 0 0 0
D N OF THE 0 0 0
ND WORKING OTHING 0 0 0
ND CARE OF 0 0 0
ON AND 0 0 0
F GOODS AND 0 0 0
OF THE 0 0 0
DREN / BOYS 0 0 0
0 0 0
OLUNTEER, ER FAMILIES, ATION AND 0 0 0
VOLUNTEER 0 0 0
FREE TO ER PEOPLE 0 0 0
N IN SOCIAL 0 0 0
ISURE AND TIES 0 0 0
0 0 1
CULTURAL 0 0 0
TDOOR 0 0 0
0 0 0
NG, MUSHROOMS, 0 0 0
TIES RELATED OUTDOOR 0 0 0
TION AND 0 0 0
0 0 0
0 0 0
0 0 0
MMUNICATION 0 0 0
0 0 0
D VIDEO 0 0 0
0 0 0
ON 0 0 0
CORDING TO 0 0 0
self-care 0 0 0
usiness 0 0 0
education, study 0 0 0
the care of their me, the goods ehold 0 0 0
ated to voluntary er families, social 0 0 0
ated to social life, cultural activities 0 0 0
ated to sports ctivities 0 0 0
ated to their 0 0 0
ed with changing ure 0 0 0
with someone, he reasons for 0 0 0
d 0 0 00 523 59
evision wouvantage of thalso this ap
the activity ss time is be
e below, bastaneous actie time spentuse productionutes of the
time-use acvities, Italy
ghlights thattant to unde
s 31 - 39 thenumbers in rber of minuwho are do
03 1 11 12 13 2 21 22 3
0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
0 0 0 0 3 0 0 0 0
82 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
0 0 106 0 0 0 0 0 0
0 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 0
0 0 0 0 2 0 0 0 0
0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
0 0 0 0 0 0 12 0 0
0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 0
0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1
0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 084 0 106 1 5 0 13 1 1
uld be allochis approac
pproach assuis performe
eing spent o
sed on the 2ivities and tt on primaryon work of
e main activ
ctivity for py, 2008 and
t the time sperstand what
e total of thred).
utes in the woing “cookin
31 32 33 34 35 36 37 38
0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1
0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
38 0 0 0 0 0 0 1
0 34 0 0 0 0 0 1
0 0 11 0 0 0 0 0
0 0 0 17 0 0 0 0
0 0 0 0 3 0 0 0
0 0 0 0 0 24 0 0
0 0 0 0 0 0 1 0
0 0 0 0 0 0 0 13
0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
0 0 1 0 0 0 0 1
0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
0 0 0 0 0 0 0 039 35 12 17 3 24 1 19
153,7
147
162
ated as 3 hoch is that theumes the “oed solely (Un an activity
2008-09 Italthe related my (by rows) services. O
vities exclus
primary and2009
pent on secot may be the
he diagonal o
whole yellowng, washing
8 39 4 41 42 43 5 51 52
0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
0 0 0 0 0 0 24 0
0 0 0 0 0 0 0 4 0
0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
0 0 0 0 0 0 4 0
0 0 0 0 0 0 2 0
0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 0
0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 0
0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
0 0 0 0 0 0 0 4 0
0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
3 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 0
0 2 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
0 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 0
0 0 0 0 7 0 0 2 0
0 0 0 0 0 10 0 0 0
0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
0 0 0 0 0 0 0 52 0
0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 5
0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
0 0 0 0 0 0 0 8 0
0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
0 0 0 0 0 0 0 3 0
0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 0
0 0 0 0 0 0 10 0
0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 0
0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 0
0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
0 0 0 0 0 0 0 2 0
0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 0
0 0 0 0 0 0 0 3 0
0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 0
0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 0
0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 09 2 0 1 8 10 0 130 5
ours on the pe constraint output” of anUN, 2005); m
y than in ac
lian time-usmeasuremenand second
On the main ively.
d secondar
ondary active impact of
of the yello
w cube equag and storing
6 61 62 63 7 71 72 73 8
0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 0
0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
0 27 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
0 0 2 0 0 0 0 0 0
0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
0 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 0
0 0 0 0 0 0 2 0 0
0 0 0 0 0 0 0 11 0
0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
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166
Glossary
Compensation of employees: The total remuneration, in cash or in kind, payable by an enterprise to an employee in return for work done by the latter during the accounting period. (SNA 2008, 7.5)
Consumption of fixed capital: The decline, during the course of the accounting period, in the current value of the stock of fixed assets owned and used by a producer as a result of physical deterioration, normal obsolescence or normal accidental damage. (SNA 2008, 10.25)
Household final consumption expenditure: The expenditure, including expenditure whose value must be estimated indirectly, incurred by resident households on individual consumption goods and services, including those sold at prices that are not economically significant and including consumption goods and services acquired abroad. (SNA 2008, 9.113)
Household: A group of persons who share the same living accommodation, who pool some, or all, of their income and wealth and who consume certain types of goods and services collectively, mainly housing and food. (SNA 2008, 4.4)
Imputed compensation for labour input to own-use production work of services: The value of labour input to own-use production work of services. There are many approaches to valuing the labour input to own-use production work of services, including the opportunity cost, and replacement cost methods.
Intermediate consumption: The value of the goods and services consumed as inputs by a process of production, excluding fixed assets whose consumption is recorded as consumption of fixed capital. (SNA 2008, 6.213)
Labour input to own-use production work of services: Time spent by household members on the production of own-use production work of services.
Market output: Consists of output intended for sale at economically significant prices. (SNA 2008, 6.99)
Market prices: Amounts of money that willing buyers pay to acquire something from willing sellers; the exchanges are made between independent parties and on the basis of commercial considerations only, sometimes called “at arm’s length.” Thus, according to this strict definition, a market Price refers only to the price for one specific exchange under the stated conditions. (SNA 2008, 3.119)
Non-market output: Consists of goods and individual or collective services produced by non-profit institutions serving households (NPISHs) or government that are supplied free, or at prices that are not economically significant, to other institutional units or the community as a whole. (SNA 2008, 6.128)
Opportunity cost: For purposes of the satellite account, it refers to the cost of the activity that is being forgone when households engage in own-use production work of services. In this case, it is the monetary value that people refuse to earn for a paid work in order to spend the same amount of time on the own-use production work of domestic and care services.
Output for own final use: Products retained by the producer for his own use as final consumption or capital formation. (SNA 2008, 6.114)
Own-use production work of services: The production of services by households for their own-use without a monetary transaction. Examples of own-use production work of services include the caring of adults and children within the same household, preparation of meals, and cleaning clothes. Households produce these services via a combination of labour inputs,
167
with durable and non-durable consumption goods. It covers activities where the services produced are consumed by household members, or by family members living in other households.
Production boundary: The production boundary of the SNA includes the following activities (a) The production of all goods or services that are supplied to units other than their producers, or intended to be so supplied, including the production of goods or services used up in the process of producing such goods or services. (b) The own-account production of all goods that are retained by their producers for their own final consumption or gross capital formation. (c) The own-account production of knowledge-capturing products that are retained by their producers for their own final consumption or gross capital formation but excluding (by convention) such products produced by households for their own use. (d) The own-account production of housing services by owner occupiers. (e) The production of domestic and personal services by employing paid domestic staff. (SNA 2008, 6.27)
Production measure of GDP: The production measure of gross domestic product (GDP) is derived as the value of output less intermediate consumption plus any taxes less subsidies on products not already included in the value of output. (SNA 2008, 16.47)
Productive activity: Based on the criterion of the third person (presented by Margaret Reid), it is considered that an activity is productive if it can be delegated to someone else, and if it can provide a good or service that can be exchanged.
Replacement cost: Monetary amount needed to acquire a similar service in the market that people have at home. In this context, it is the monetary value that is required to hire the workforce needed for doing the domestic and caregiving services at home.
Services: Are the result of a production activity that changes the conditions of the consuming units, or facilitates the exchange of products or financial assets. Change-effecting services are not separate entities over which ownership rights can be established. They cannot be traded separately from their production. By the time their production is completed, they must have been provided to the consumers. (SNA 2008, 6.17)
Unpaid household service work: The production of services produced by household members, and consumed either by households themselves or by other households without a market transaction. There are two main elements of unpaid household service work - own-use production work of services, and volunteer work.
Value added: Gross value added is the difference between output and intermediate consumption. GDP is the sum of gross value added of all resident producer units plus that part (possibly the total) of taxes on products, less subsidies on products, that is not included in the valuation of output. (SNA 2008, 2.138)
Volunteer work: Unpaid non-compulsory work; that is, time individuals give without pay to activities performed either through an organization or directly for others outside their own household.48 (ILO, 3.5).
Wages and salaries: Include the values of any social contributions, income taxes, etc., payable by the employee even if they are actually withheld by the employer for administrative convenience or other reasons and paid directly to social insurance schemes, tax authorities, etc., on behalf of the employee. Wages and salaries may be paid in various ways, including goods or services provided to employees as remuneration in kind instead of, or in addition to, remuneration in cash. (SNA 2008, 7.43)
48 International Labour Office. Manual on the Measurement of Volunteer Work. 3.5.
168
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