econ51 asean countries

8/10/2019 Econ51 Asean Countries

1/68


2/68


3/68

Bandar Seri Begawan.

Smallest country in Southeast Asia

Official language is Malay.

Islam Became a constitutional monarchy

Derives its wealth from an abundance of oil and gas resources.
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Islam_in_Bruneihttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Islam_in_Brunei


4/68

It showcases the captivating world of science and engineering as it applies to thepetroleum industry.


5/68

joined ASEAN on 7 January 1984, becomingthe sixth member.

Chaired in 2013, and hosted the ASEANSummit


6/68

Very prosperous in the presence of oil and gas resources.

Brunei contributes to regional security.

Bruneian troops help observe the ceasefire between thePhilippine government and the Moro Islamic Liberation Front

http://www.asean.fta.govt.nz/brunei darussalam economic situation
http://www.asean.fta.govt.nz/brunei-darussalam-economic-situationhttp://www.asean.fta.govt.nz/brunei-darussalam-economic-situationhttp://www.asean.fta.govt.nz/brunei-darussalam-economic-situationhttp://www.asean.fta.govt.nz/brunei-darussalam-economic-situationhttp://www.asean.fta.govt.nz/brunei-darussalam-economic-situationhttp://www.asean.fta.govt.nz/brunei-darussalam-economic-situationhttp://www.asean.fta.govt.nz/brunei-darussalam-economic-situationhttp://www.asean.fta.govt.nz/brunei-darussalam-economic-situationhttp://www.asean.fta.govt.nz/brunei-darussalam-economic-situationhttp://www.asean.fta.govt.nz/brunei-darussalam-economic-situation


7/68

Ensure that it can

Effectively enhance its participation in global

supply networks Diversify its economy away from its reliance

on oil and gas

Find other areas which it can participate inthe global supply chain


8/68

must help manage tensions regarding the

strategic South China Sea will need to press its neighbors to get cracking

on implementing the agreed-upon economicroad map.

(This Commentary originally appeared in the February 21, 2013, issue of Southeast Asia from the Corner of 18th & K Streets.)
http://csis.org/publication/southeast-asia-corner-18th-and-k-streets-brunei-takes-challenges-chairing-asean-2013http://csis.org/publication/southeast-asia-corner-18th-and-k-streets-brunei-takes-challenges-chairing-asean-2013


9/68

Brunei Darussalam is working hard to achieve ASEAN

Economic Community by 2015; however challenges to

realize the benefits fully remain, both on a regulatorylevel as well as in implementation.


10/68


11/68

Follows an open market system (MarketEconomy) at present.

Agriculture main source of income

Service heavily concentrated on trading andcatering related activities.

Two largest industries: Garment Industry

Tourism Industry


12/68

Garment Industry:- 400,000 workers employed

- 70% of Cambodias total exports(est.)


13/68

Mining Industry has touted opportunitiesfor mining bauxite, gold, iron and gems.

Tourism Industry

- second largest industry of Cambodia

- reaching over 3 million visitors in 2012


14/68


15/68

Cambodia remains one of the poorestcountries in Asia.

- 4 million people live on less than$1.25 per day

- 37% of children below 5 yrs. suffer from chronicmalnutrition.

- 50% of the population is less than 25 years old.

- relies primarily on donors.

- more than 50% of the government budget comes from

donor assistance.


16/68

Unskilled workers have little to gain in ASEAN

integration.

Cambodian goods lagging as ASEAN integration looms.

Cambodian students fear losing jobs to ASEANneighbors.


17/68

Not enough qualified human resources.

Does not have standard products for trading.

Lack and poor infrastructure construction.


18/68

Labor force exploitation

Likely to become a targeted shelter for criminals or

mafia

Lethal diseases can be widely spread via people andanimals


19/68

The Minister of Commerce in Cambodia plans to: Improve infrastructure, institution, and peoples connectivity,

Have more vocational training for people

Continue to attract more foreign direct investment to the

country.

Invest more on education and health.

Institute land reform


20/68

Cambodia is preparing well for the establishment ofthe ASEAN Economic Community (AEC) by end 2015,

but needs to step up reforms to improve the

transparency and reliability of its regulatory systems to

encourage more investment.


21/68


22/68

I. Introduction

II. Lao PDRs preparation for AEC

III. Advantages and Disadvantages of

AEC for Lao PDR


23/68

Government: single-party socialist republic.Capital city: VientianeOfficial language: LaoCurrency: Kip (LAK).

landlocked, remote and a mountainouscountry, widely covered by unspoiled tropicalforests

one of the worldsfew remaining communingstates


24/68


25/68


26/68

a least developed country and is the poorestin the region and least developed among the

10ASEAN members

Land area: 230,800 sq km

SOURCE: http://www.om.org/en/country-profile/laos-pdr
http://www.nationmultimedia.com/search/?keyword=+Asean+http://www.nationmultimedia.com/search/?keyword=+Asean+http://www.nationmultimedia.com/search/?keyword=+Asean+http://www.nationmultimedia.com/search/?keyword=+Asean+


27/68


28/68

Press release l January 18, 2013

Survey by International Labour Organization (ILO)

Population: 5,818,447(2,913,989 are female)

15 years old and over:

3,886,000

*3,373,000 are in the labor force

Registered as unemployed:

58,600


29/68

Unemployment rate

Urban areas: 3.2%Rural areas without road access: 0.7%

OVERALL: 1.9% (Male: 1.8% ; Female 2.0%)

SOURCE:http://www.ilo.org/asia/info/public/pr/WCMS_202297/lang--en/index.htm


30/68

Child labor

178,000 children around 96,000 girls and 81,000

boys(130,000 of these children work 49 hours/week andengage in hazardous work)


31/68

Export

$2.313 billion (2013 data)


Commodities: wood products, coffee,electricity, tin, copper, gold, cassava

Import


$2.744 billion (2012 data)Commodities: machinery and equipment,vehicles, fuel, consumer goods

Source: https://www.cia.gov/library/publications/the-world-factbook/geos/la.html


32/68

Laos will prepare for theconstruction of the high-speedrail project.


33/68


34/68

Laos Ministry of Industry andCommerce will speed up the

improvement of policy aspects ofexporting.

SOURCE:http://www.worklivelaos.com/laos-

prepares-for-regional-connectivity/


35/68

A

Advantages:

AEC comes with the railways development

projects.

The implementation of the ASEAN EconomicCommunity in 2015 is expected to have a

significant impact on businesses.

SOURCE:http://www.vientianetimes.org.la/FreeC

ontent/freeCont_Lao-Thai%20train.htm


36/68

B Disadvantages

o Negative impact on domestic goods prices.

o TheAEC will bring tough competition within

the region.

SOURCE:http://www.globaltimes.cn/content/8

29815.shtml
http://www.nationmultimedia.com/search/?keyword=+AEC+http://www.globaltimes.cn/content/829815.shtmlhttp://www.globaltimes.cn/content/829815.shtmlhttp://www.globaltimes.cn/content/829815.shtmlhttp://www.globaltimes.cn/content/829815.shtmlhttp://www.globaltimes.cn/content/829815.shtmlhttp://www.globaltimes.cn/content/829815.shtmlhttp://www.nationmultimedia.com/search/?keyword=+AEC+http://www.nationmultimedia.com/search/?keyword=+AEC+http://www.nationmultimedia.com/search/?keyword=+AEC+


37/68


38/68

Land Area : 676, 000 sq. km.

Population : more than 57 million ( in 2011).

Has the largest ethnic group.

Rich in natural resources: forests, minerals and

fish.

An abundance of human resources- literate labors.


39/68

Classical Era Myanmar a subsistence economy: rice

production and other forms of agriculture.

*A subsistence economyis a non-monetary economy whichrelies on natural resources to provide for basic needs,through hunting, gathering, and subsistence agriculture.

Lacks formal monetary system

All land was owned by the Burmese Monarch


40/68

British Burma (1885 - 1948) Second wealthiest country in Southeast Asia after

the Philippines

was once the world's largest exporter of rice

Burma also had a wealth of natural and labor resources.

Post-independence (1948) Prime Minister U Nu attempted to make Burma a welfare

state and adopted central planning.

1962 coup d'tat was followed by an economic schemecalled the Burmese Way to Socialism.


41/68

Military rule (1988 - 2011)

Retreated from totalitarian socialism

Many nations, , including the United States and Canada, andthe European Union, have imposed investment and tradesanctions on Burma.

Economic liberalization (2011-present)

Asian Development Bank formally began re-engaging withthe country.

Draft foreign investment law emerged First ever countrywide study; 37% unemployed , 26% live in poverty


42/68

Rice ( major agricultural produce )

Opium ( second largest produce )

Other industries include agricultural goods,textiles, wood products, constructionmaterials, gems, metals, oil and natural gas.

**The private sector dominates in agriculture, light industry,and transport activities, while the military governmentcontrols energy, heavy industry, and rice trade.


43/68


44/68

In 1995, Myanmar decided to join the regional association

and attained observer status, along with Laos and Cambodia,

in July 1996.

At least two reasons which led to Myanmars decision to join ASEAN.

(1) internal and external conditions had changed in the

country

(2) age of globalization and regionalism


45/68

Development of capital market in Myanmar

SMEs development

financial sector Development

Implementation in standard and conformance

Implementation of AEC


46/68

Myanmar has made a commitment to establish an ASEAN EconomicCommunity (AEC) and actively participating and coordinating with other

member countries.

Chair of ASEAN in 2014


47/68


48/68

Singapore is a hi-tech,wealthy city-state in

Southeast Asia, also

known for theconservatism of its

leaders and its strict

social controls.


49/68

One of the world's most prosperous places - with

glittering skyscrapers and a thriving port.


50/68

Often referred to as one of Asia's

economic "tigers".

electronics manufacturing

financial services

weathered regional crises


51/68

A high-income economy with a gross national income

of $47,210 per capita (Atlas Method), as of 2012.

Worlds Most Business-friendly Regulatory

Environment

Ranked among the Worlds Most CompetitiveEconomies.

Source:http://www.worldbank.org/en/country/singapore/overview


52/68

Most densely populated independent country in theworld.

Largely corruption-free government

A skilled work force

Pro-foreign investment

Export-oriented

Source: www.nationsonline.org/oneworld/singapore.htm


53/68

MAIN EXPORTS:

Machinery

Petroleum products

Computer Equipment

Rubber products


54/68

AGRICULTURAL PRODUCTS:

Copra

Fruits Orchids

Vegetablesoultryggs

Ornamental

Fish

Fish


55/68

Enjoys a remarkably open and corruption-free

environment, stable prices, and a per capita GDP

higher than that of most developed countries.

Economy depends heavily on exports


56/68

Singaporean businesses will find greater ease

operating in a more integrated production base.

Singaporean businesses can access larger markets and

enjoy the same incentives as local businesses.


57/68

It will open more regional cooperation and will

improve the scale efficiencies, dynamism and

competitiveness of ASEAN members.

Offer new ways of coordinating supply chains, or

access to new markets for established products.


58/68

Tourism opportunity

Internationalization of health care under the AEC

surge of foreign goods invading their country

sudden flood of other players competing against themlocally


59/68


60/68


61/68

Country

Country Name

Subject Name

2011

2012

2013

2014

KH

Cambodia Population (Persons) 15.1 15.25 15.41 15.56

LA

Lao P.D.R. Population (Persons) 6.52 6.65 6.77 6.9

SG

Singapore Population (Persons) 5.18 5.31 5.4 5.47

MM

Myanmar Population (Persons) 62.41 63.66 64.93 66.23

BN

Brunei

Darussalam Population (Persons) 0.39 0.4 0.41 0.41

Source:

International Monetary Fund

Download http://knoema.com/IMFWEO2014Apr/imf-world-economic-outlook-april-2014
http://knoema.com/IMFWEO2014Apr/imf-world-economic-outlook-april-2014http://knoema.com/IMFWEO2014Apr/imf-world-economic-outlook-april-2014http://knoema.com/IMFWEO2014Apr/imf-world-economic-outlook-april-2014http://knoema.com/IMFWEO2014Apr/imf-world-economic-outlook-april-2014http://knoema.com/IMFWEO2014Apr/imf-world-economic-outlook-april-2014http://knoema.com/IMFWEO2014Apr/imf-world-economic-outlook-april-2014http://knoema.com/IMFWEO2014Apr/imf-world-economic-outlook-april-2014http://knoema.com/IMFWEO2014Apr/imf-world-economic-outlook-april-2014http://knoema.com/IMFWEO2014Apr/imf-world-economic-outlook-april-2014http://knoema.com/IMFWEO2014Apr/imf-world-economic-outlook-april-2014http://knoema.com/IMFWEO2014Apr/imf-world-economic-outlook-april-2014http://knoema.com/IMFWEO2014Apr/imf-world-economic-outlook-april-2014


62/68

Country

Country

Name Subject Name 2011 2012 2013 2014

KH

Cambodia

Gross domestic product, constant prices (Percent

change) 7.08 7.29 7.02 7.24

SG

Singapore


change) 6 1.9 4.08 3.63

BN

Brunei

Darussalam


change) 3.43 0.95 -1.24 5.38

LA Lao P.D.R.


change) 8.04 7.87 8.2 7.48

MM Myanmar


change) 5.91 7.3 7.5 7.8

Source: International Monetary Fund

Download

URL:

http://knoema.com/IMFWEO2014Apr/imf-world-economic-outlook-april-

2014
http://knoema.com/IMFWEO2014Apr/imf-world-economic-outlook-april-2014http://knoema.com/IMFWEO2014Apr/imf-world-economic-outlook-april-2014http://knoema.com/IMFWEO2014Apr/imf-world-economic-outlook-april-2014http://knoema.com/IMFWEO2014Apr/imf-world-economic-outlook-april-2014http://knoema.com/IMFWEO2014Apr/imf-world-economic-outlook-april-2014http://knoema.com/IMFWEO2014Apr/imf-world-economic-outlook-april-2014http://knoema.com/IMFWEO2014Apr/imf-world-economic-outlook-april-2014http://knoema.com/IMFWEO2014Apr/imf-world-economic-outlook-april-2014http://knoema.com/IMFWEO2014Apr/imf-world-economic-outlook-april-2014http://knoema.com/IMFWEO2014Apr/imf-world-economic-outlook-april-2014http://knoema.com/IMFWEO2014Apr/imf-world-economic-outlook-april-2014http://knoema.com/IMFWEO2014Apr/imf-world-economic-outlook-april-2014http://knoema.com/IMFWEO2014Apr/imf-world-economic-outlook-april-2014


63/68


64/68

Sources: https://www.cia.gov/library/publications/the-world-factbook

http://knoema.com/atlas

http://www.unicef.org/infobycountry

http://www.tradingeconomics.com/country-list/gross-

national-product
https://www.cia.gov/library/publications/the-world-factbook/fields/2046.htmlhttps://www.cia.gov/library/publications/the-world-factbook/fields/2046.htmlhttp://knoema.com/atlashttp://www.unicef.org/infobycountryhttp://www.tradingeconomics.com/country-list/gross-national-producthttp://www.tradingeconomics.com/country-list/gross-national-producthttp://www.tradingeconomics.com/country-list/gross-national-producthttp://www.tradingeconomics.com/country-list/gross-national-producthttp://www.tradingeconomics.com/country-list/gross-national-producthttp://www.tradingeconomics.com/country-list/gross-national-producthttp://www.tradingeconomics.com/country-list/gross-national-producthttp://www.tradingeconomics.com/country-list/gross-national-producthttp://www.tradingeconomics.com/country-list/gross-national-producthttp://www.unicef.org/infobycountryhttp://knoema.com/atlashttps://www.cia.gov/library/publications/the-world-factbook/fields/2046.htmlhttps://www.cia.gov/library/publications/the-world-factbook/fields/2046.htmlhttps://www.cia.gov/library/publications/the-world-factbook/fields/2046.htmlhttps://www.cia.gov/library/publications/the-world-factbook/fields/2046.htmlhttps://www.cia.gov/library/publications/the-world-factbook/fields/2046.htmlhttps://www.cia.gov/library/publications/the-world-factbook/fields/2046.htmlhttps://www.cia.gov/library/publications/the-world-factbook/fields/2046.htmlhttps://www.cia.gov/library/publications/the-world-factbook/fields/2046.html


65/68

Economic Indicators

Countries

Brunei

Cambodia

Lao PDR

Myanmar

Singapore

Land Area (km2)5,270 176,520 230,800 653,290 700

Population (2013 - in millions) 0.4115.41 7 64.93 5.4

Population Density (km/sq.) 77/km sq. 83/ km sq. 29/ km sq. 80/ km sq. 7,405/ km sq.

Population Growth Rate % (12-13)

1.3 1.8 1.3 0.8 2.5

(11-12)1.4 1.7 1.9 0.8 2.1

GNP (constant prices - billion

PPP dollars) 19

34.63 17.87 93.53 319

Real GDP (2013- US$ billions) 16.21

15.66 11.14 56.41 295.74

Real GDP Growth Rate (%change) -1.2

7 8.2 7.5 4.1

Poverty Threshold

no minimum wageno minimum

wage626, 000 Lao kip ($79)

per monthno minimum wage $53.7 per month

US$ 0.3/ hr

Poverty Index less than $1.25per day(%)

NA 20 22 32.7 NA

Trade Exports (2012 - US$billions)

8.086 (-3.55%) 8.561 (18.88%) 2.313 (5.45%)8.370 (11.78% as of

2004)555 (0.27%)

Trade Imports (2012 - US$billions)

3.716 (12.74%) 9.510 (16.35%) 3.238 (21.60%)8.581 (-16.22% as of

2004)494 (3.19%)

***Difference between the two 4.73 -0.949 -0.925 -0.211 61

Specific Exported Goods1. crude oil 1. clothing 1. wood products 1. natural gas

1. machinery &equipt


66/68

Specific Exported Goods

2. natural gas 2.timber 2. coffee 2. wood products

2.pharmaceuticals& otherchemicals

3. garments 3. rubber 3. electricity 3. beans3. refinedpetroleum

products

Specific Imported Goods1. iron and steel

1. petroleumproducts

1. machinery & equipt. 1. fabric1. machinery &equipt

2. motor vehicles 2. cigarettes 2. fuel 2. petroleum products 2. mineral fuels

3. machinery andtransport equipt

3. gold 3.vehicles 3. fertilizers 3. chemicals

Sectoral Contribution to GDP

(2013)

***Agricultural 0.70% 34.80% 24.80% 38% 0%

***Industrial 70.90% 24.50% 32% 20.30% 29.40%

***Service 28.40% 40.70% 37.50% 41.70% 70.60%

Sectoral Labor Force (2013)

***Agricultural 4.20% 55.80% 73.10% 70% 1.30%

***Industrial62.80% 16.90% 6.10% 7% 18.60%

***Service 33% 27.30% 20.60% 23% 80.10%

Unemployment Rate (% of total labor force)

***2012 2.7

0.3 (2010) 2.5 (2009) 5.4 1.95

***2013 2.7

0 (2011) 1.9 (2010) 5.2 1.9

Inflation Rate (2013) 0.38 2.95 6.4 5.82 2.36

Debt to GDP (% of GDP) 2.36 28.76 61.53 47.27 107.88

Table (1.1) Selected Economic Indicators (2011): ASEAN


67/68

Table (1.1) Selected Economic Indicators (2011): ASEAN

Countries Land Area

(000)

(sq km)

Pop (million) Pop

Growth (%)

Labor Force

(Million)

GDP

At current prices

(US$ million)

Real GDP

Growth (%)

GDP Per capita

At current prices

(US$)

Export

Growth Rate

(%)

Import Growth

Rate (%)

Inflation

Brunei 5,765 0.4 2.0 0.21 16,359.6 2.2 38702.5 33.1 19.6 2.0

Cambodia 181,036 14.5 1.5 7.2 12,775.0 7.1 879.7 35.8 25.9 6.3

Indonesia 1,919,317 241.6 1.7 117.3 846,821.3 6.5 3563 29.0 30.8 5.4

Laos 236,800 6.38 2.0 n.a 8,163.3 8.0 1278.5 6.1 17.6 7.6

Malaysia 329,758 28.96 1.3 12.5 287,922.3 5.1 9940.6 8.7 8.6 3.2

Myanmar 676,577 60.4 1.0 30.1 52841.5 10.4 875.1 0.4 37.3 5.0

The Philippines 300,000 94.2 1.7 40.0 224,337.4 3.9 2340.9 -6.7 9.5 4.6

Singapore 648 5.18 2.1 3.2 259,858.4 4.9 50129.9 7.5 8.6 5.2

Thailand 514,000 67.6 0.4 38.8 345,810.8 0.1 5115.8 11.7 19.1 3.8

Vietnam 330,955 87.8 1.0 51.4 123,266.9 5.9 1403.3 34.2 25.8 18.6

Source: Asian Development Bank, Key Indicators for Asia and Pacific 2012, ASEAN Statistics


68/68

econ51 asean countries

Documents