Ecological problemsEcological problemsEcological problemsEcological problems

PlanPlan Introduction. Introduction.

The main problems of ecology.The main problems of ecology. Air pollution. Water pollution. Radiation. Earthquakes. The problem of forests felling. The problem of biological variety. Global warming. The hole in the ozone layer. Instruction.Instruction. Ways of removal and utilization of the rubbish. Conclusion.Conclusion. Guestions.

Tasks:Tasks: ToTo determine the main problems.determine the main problems. To give advices for keeping our environment To give advices for keeping our environment

clean.clean. To show different ways of solving of ecological To show different ways of solving of ecological

problems.problems.

Aim:Aim: To introduce with global To introduce with global

ecological problems.ecological problems.

IntroductionIntroduction

Our Earth is a beautiful home for living beings, Our Earth is a beautiful home for living beings, common for all the humanity forever.common for all the humanity forever.

The number of the planet’s population is in The number of the planet’s population is in increasing constantly, but the technical increasing constantly, but the technical progress not only for the people’s welfare, but progress not only for the people’s welfare, but also threatens the life itself. When people also threatens the life itself. When people pursue great profits, they often act unwisely- pursue great profits, they often act unwisely- destroy nature, pollute the environment. The destroy nature, pollute the environment. The poisoning of air, land and oceans is the fastest poisoning of air, land and oceans is the fastest spreading disease of civilization.spreading disease of civilization.

Air pollution

Air pollution is a community problem. Cars, Air pollution is a community problem. Cars, trucks, buses and airplanes are the worst trucks, buses and airplanes are the worst polluters. They send partly burned gases into polluters. They send partly burned gases into the air. Air can be also polluted by smoke and the air. Air can be also polluted by smoke and gases from factories. Dirt, smoke, and gases in gases from factories. Dirt, smoke, and gases in the air may be carried away by wind and by air the air may be carried away by wind and by air currents, or settle over as a blanket of smog.currents, or settle over as a blanket of smog.

Water pollution

Water pollution is caused by dumping wastes Water pollution is caused by dumping wastes into lakes, rivers, and other bodies of water. into lakes, rivers, and other bodies of water. Harmful wastes may also get into the soil or Harmful wastes may also get into the soil or drain off fields that have been sprayed with drain off fields that have been sprayed with pesticides. Pesticides are often used to kill pesticides. Pesticides are often used to kill insects and weeds in cities or on farms. Polluted insects and weeds in cities or on farms. Polluted water can spread many diseases. water can spread many diseases.

RadiationRadiation

Radiation has become one of the main Radiation has become one of the main problems. There are some atomic power problems. There are some atomic power stations in our country. It is even a greater stations in our country. It is even a greater disaster for the world. We all remember about disaster for the world. We all remember about Chernobyl catastrophe and its tragic results. Chernobyl catastrophe and its tragic results. Many people, who fought against that fire and Many people, who fought against that fire and received a certain doze of radiation are invalids received a certain doze of radiation are invalids nownow..

EarthquakesEarthquakes

Earthquakes is too difficult to forecast them Earthquakes is too difficult to forecast them

and many scientists devote themselves to and many scientists devote themselves to

protect our lives.protect our lives.

The problem of forests The problem of forests fellingfelling

Our forests are disappearing because they Our forests are disappearing because they are are

cut down or burnt. If this trend continues, one cut down or burnt. If this trend continues, one

day we won’t have enough oxygen to day we won’t have enough oxygen to breathe, breathe,

we won’t see a beautiful green forests at all.we won’t see a beautiful green forests at all.

The problem of The problem of biologicalbiological varietyvariety

Every ten minutes one kind of animals, plants or Every ten minutes one kind of animals, plants or insect dies out forever. If northing is done about insect dies out forever. If northing is done about it, one million species that are alive today may it, one million species that are alive today may soon become extinct.soon become extinct.

Global warmingGlobal warming

Each time we burn gasoline, oil, coal, or every Each time we burn gasoline, oil, coal, or every natural gas, more carbon dioxide is added to the natural gas, more carbon dioxide is added to the atmosphere. The greenhouse effect is what atmosphere. The greenhouse effect is what causing the temperate of the Earth to rise, and causing the temperate of the Earth to rise, and creating many problems that will begin to take creating many problems that will begin to take place in the coming decades.place in the coming decades.

1900 1900 2000 2000

The hole in the ozone The hole in the ozone layerlayer Ozone absorbs harmful ultraviolet radiation Ozone absorbs harmful ultraviolet radiation

which is produced by Sun. Ultraviolet radiation which is produced by Sun. Ultraviolet radiation can damage cells of living things- plants, can damage cells of living things- plants, animals and people. The damage of ozone has animals and people. The damage of ozone has been caused by complex chemical reactions been caused by complex chemical reactions involving chlorine and bromine. involving chlorine and bromine.

1979 1979 20002000

How can we keep our earth clean?How can we keep our earth clean?• Don’t buy drinks in plastic bottles.Don’t buy drinks in plastic bottles.• Save your family newspapers. Find out how Save your family newspapers. Find out how to recycle newspapers in your area.to recycle newspapers in your area.• Save water: the best time to water is early Save water: the best time to water is early is morning. If there is the leaky tap in your is morning. If there is the leaky tap in your house, get someone to fix them.house, get someone to fix them.• Turn off the lights when you leave the room. Turn off the lights when you leave the room. Turn off the TV or stereo when you are not Turn off the TV or stereo when you are not watching or listening.watching or listening.• Don’t cut wild flowers. Don’t cut wild flowers.

The World Wildlife FundThe World Wildlife Fund

The WWF was founded in 1961. At first it was a The WWF was founded in 1961. At first it was a small group of people who wanted to raise to small group of people who wanted to raise to

save save animals and plants. Today the WWF was raised animals and plants. Today the WWF was raised over 35 million for conservation projects and has over 35 million for conservation projects and has created or given support to National parks in 5 created or given support to National parks in 5 continents. It has helped 30 mammals and birds continents. It has helped 30 mammals and birds

to to survive.survive.There are a lot of nature centers in all the There are a lot of nature centers in all the countries of the world, such as: “Friends of the countries of the world, such as: “Friends of the Earth”, “Green peace”, “Trust” and many others.Earth”, “Green peace”, “Trust” and many others.

IUCNIUCN

In 1948,230 countries organized “The In 1948,230 countries organized “The International Union for Conservation of Nature International Union for Conservation of Nature and Natural Resources” (IUCN). A lot of State and Natural Resources” (IUCN). A lot of State Reservations have been founded since that Reservations have been founded since that time. Under their protection some rare time. Under their protection some rare animals have multiplied to an extend making animals have multiplied to an extend making hunting possible, so that we can now obtain hunting possible, so that we can now obtain from them valuable fur, medical raw material from them valuable fur, medical raw material and other products.and other products.

Way of get rid of solid Way of get rid of solid wasteswastes

Every day people throw away amazing Every day people throw away amazing amounts amounts

of garbage and trash. Trucks take the garbage to of garbage and trash. Trucks take the garbage to the out-of-the-way places. Sometimes the trash is the out-of-the-way places. Sometimes the trash is burned, causing air pollution. But the more burned, causing air pollution. But the more

healthy healthy way to get rid of solid wastes is to spread them way to get rid of solid wastes is to spread them over the land and pack them down. After that a over the land and pack them down. After that a thick layer of earth can be put down over the thick layer of earth can be put down over the garbage and trees and grass can be planted.garbage and trees and grass can be planted.

Removal and utilization Removal and utilization of the rubbishof the rubbish

The problem of removal and utilization of the The problem of removal and utilization of the rubbish was solved in Japan in a very interesting rubbish was solved in Japan in a very interesting way. Careful Japanese people gather food and way. Careful Japanese people gather food and industrial waste separately. And they press it in industrial waste separately. And they press it in blocks. Those blocks wear packed up near the blocks. Those blocks wear packed up near the

cost cost in the ocean. So the coast was built up and a new in the ocean. So the coast was built up and a new territory was formed. Now on this land there is a territory was formed. Now on this land there is a new town. It is called a town of the future.new town. It is called a town of the future.

If you don’t think about the future If you don’t think about the future you will not to have ityou will not to have it

John GolsworthyJohn Golsworthy Fortunately, it’s not too late to solve these Fortunately, it’s not too late to solve these

problems. We can plant trees and create problems. We can plant trees and create parks for endangered animals. We can parks for endangered animals. We can recycle our wastes and persuade recycle our wastes and persuade enterprises to stop polluting activities, enterprises to stop polluting activities, because it is apparent that we are because it is apparent that we are destroying our Earth and future.destroying our Earth and future.

GuestionsGuestions

Why is the problem of protecting our Why is the problem of protecting our nature so important now?nature so important now?

How can we keep our Earth clean?How can we keep our Earth clean? What are the name of the environmental What are the name of the environmental

problems of today?problems of today? What is IUCN?What is IUCN? What must we do to make our life happy, What must we do to make our life happy,

healthy and beneficial?healthy and beneficial?

Sources of informationSources of information

www.wikepedia.ruwww.wikepedia.ru ““English language: reference book for the English language: reference book for the

schoolchildren and students”/N.V.Beregovaya, schoolchildren and students”/N.V.Beregovaya, N.G.Brusova/Moscow/Dropha/2000.N.G.Brusova/Moscow/Dropha/2000.

““Ecology. School text-book”/ S.A.Bogolubov / Ecology. School text-book”/ S.A.Bogolubov / Moscow/Znanie/ 1999.Moscow/Znanie/ 1999.

““Basis of ecology 10-11”/ N.M.Chernova / Basis of ecology 10-11”/ N.M.Chernova / Moscow/Dropha/2001Moscow/Dropha/2001

Air pollutionAir pollution

Water pollutionWater pollution

RadiationRadiation

The problem of forests The problem of forests fellingfelling

EarthquakesEarthquakes

The problem of biologicalThe problem of biological varietyvariety

Cheetah Snow leopard Koala

Animals from Red Book. WE MUST SAVE Animals from Red Book. WE MUST SAVE THEM!THEM!