ecological niche
TRANSCRIPT
Ecological NicheRowel P.
David
The Ecological NicheCompetitive ExclusionLimiting Factors
Frog Dela Cruz
Learn your ability, capability
To survive and to top the area
Billions of people scattered around the planet everyone has their own gifts of talent, ability and personality that they can be use to dominate the niche in where they fit on.
My own POV
RoleHabitat
InteractionProducers
Mutualism
Ecosystem Organism• Unique way of living among different
organism in their environment
• Interaction among other organism
• The way they obtain energy (food)
Ecological niche = the “role” a species “plays” in the ecosystem.
The ecological niche of species, therefore, includes not just the species’ habitat, but also the way in which it interacts with other species and the physical environment. Nich
e
The Ecological NicheCompetitive ExclusionLimiting Factors
• No two species can exist (survive) on the same limiting resources at the same time, all the time
• Species with identical resources requirements cannot co-exist
I just finish Shopping I bought some cloths. I just notice that there are too much shop that sell male polo too much compare to the demand.
Too much the species that occupies the area, (different species with same needs, way of survival and habitat) Niche
Demand The Available resources in an area.
A week after I visit the shop, what I found out is that;
Some store offer other products already.Some store transfer to other places.Other are for close.But still some popular store remain.
Evolve
Migration of species
Extinction
Dominates the Niche
Evolution and divergence ensures that similar species won’t compete for the same resources
Nectar-feeder Insect-eater
seed-eater
Hawaiian honeycreepers:seed-eating finch evolves into vacant niches?
“woo
dpec
ker”
“
nect
ar-fe
eder
” “insec t-ea ter” “see d-ea ter”
Reducing niche overlap through habitat segregation
upper canopy
lower canopy
shrubfloor
habi
tat s
egre
gatio
n
resource overlap?
Separation along niches
Feeding behaviorFeeding heightNesting time
Fundamental vs. realized niche
Niche compression Realized niches are narrower than
fundamental niches, therefore the species occupies a narrower range of habitats than it would in the absence of competition.
The realized niche can be regarded as a ‘competitive refuge’.
A place that provide shelter or protection
Species A Species B
Very heavy completion leads to competitive exclusion. One species must go.
Species A Species B
“Two species requiring approximately the same resources are not likely to remain long evenly balanced in numbers in the same habitat.” J. Grinnell (1915)
When two species requiring the same resources place on the same habitat
1. There are refuges from competition; the potential loser hangs on in marginal habitats; or
2. The loser can re-immigrate from elsewhere; or
3. Disturbances in the environment prevent the winner from gaining a complete monopoly.
Also known as “Gause’s principle” after mathematical formulation by Gause in 1930.
Formulated and proven by Vito Voltera, and Alfred Gause shown experimental evidences
In consequence, the loser is excluded, at least locally, unless…
Species A
Species B
Has a bigger niche – it is more generalist
Has a smaller niche – it is more specialists. Specialists, however do tend to avoid competition
Species A
Species B
Species A
Species B
Evolution by natural selection towards separate niches
Interspecific competition occurs where niches of species A and B overlap
Specialization into two separate niches
The Ecological NicheCompetitive ExclusionLimiting Factors
Limiting Factors
Factors that limits a population size
With Food, With Water, With Shelter But Not Enough Dissolve oxygen….
Wow yes a big catch lucky am I …. Curse You shoes
WTF its sinking
Help Me… Blap Blap Blop….
THE END RDAVID Production