ece 4110 – internetwork programming tcp/ip protocol
TRANSCRIPT
ECE 4110 – Internetwork Programming
TCP/IP Protocol
2* From TCP/IP Protocol Suite, B. A. Forouzan, Prentice Hall
OSI Model (revisited)
3* From TCP/IP Protocol Suite, B. A. Forouzan, Prentice Hall
Summary of OSI Layers
4
Sample Network Algorithm
Listen to wire
Detect a preamble?
Read destination address
Is it broadcastaddress?
Is it my address?
Read dataframe contents
Frame passeddata integrity
check?
Deliver data to designated process
Ignoretransmission
Discarddata
Yes
No
Are signals detecteddata carrying or noise?
Is the listening computerthe intended party oris it for someone else?
Did the computer get a good message or is it corrupted?
No
Yes
Yes
No
No
Yes
5* From TCP/IP Protocol Suite, B. A. Forouzan, Prentice Hall
Adding and Stripping Headers/Trailers
6* From TCP/IP Protocol Suite, B. A. Forouzan, Prentice Hall
TCP/IP Protocol Suite
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Terminology TCP: Transmission Control Protocol UDP: User Datagram Protocol IP: Internetworking Protocol ARP: Address Resolution Protocol RARP: Reverse ARP ICMP: Internet Control Message Protocol IGMP: Internet Group Management Protocol SMTP: Simple Mail Transfer Protocol FTP: File Transfer Protocol DNS: Domain Name System (Service) SNMP: Simple Network Management Protocol NFS: Network File System RPC: Remote Procedure Call TFTP: Trivial FTP
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IP Protocol Connectionless. IP packets are called datagrams. Best-effort: IP does its best to get the
packet to the destination. No error checking or tracking lost datagrams.
Each datagram is transmitted separately. This causes: Out of sequence datagrams Duplicate datagrams
9* From TCP/IP Protocol Suite, B. A. Forouzan, Prentice Hall
Addresses in TCP/IP
10* From TCP/IP Protocol Suite, B. A. Forouzan, Prentice Hall
Layer-Address Relationship in TCP/IP
11* From TCP/IP Protocol Suite, B. A. Forouzan, Prentice Hall
Physical Addressing
12* From TCP/IP Protocol Suite, B. A. Forouzan, Prentice Hall
IP Addressing
• Physical addresses are 48 bits.
• IPv4 addresses are 32 bits.
• Port addresses are 16 bits.
13* From TCP/IP Protocol Suite, B. A. Forouzan, Prentice Hall
Classful Addressing
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Classful Addressing (cont’d)
A mask is a 32-bit binary number that gives the first address in the block (the network address) when bitwise ANDed with an address in the block.
The network address is the beginning address of each block. It can be found by applying the default mask to any of the addresses in the block (including itself).
In classful addressing, the network address is the one that is assigned to the organization.
15* From TCP/IP Protocol Suite, B. A. Forouzan, Prentice Hall
Example: Class C Network
16* From TCP/IP Protocol Suite, B. A. Forouzan, Prentice Hall
Multihomed Hosts
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Direct Broadcast Address
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Limited Broadcast Address
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This Host on This Address (Bootstrapping)
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Specific Host on This Network
21* From TCP/IP Protocol Suite, B. A. Forouzan, Prentice Hall
Loopback Address
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Unicast, Multicast, and Broadcast Addresses
Unicast communication is one-to-one.
Multicast communication is one-to-many.
Broadcast communication is one-to-all.
23* From TCP/IP Protocol Suite, B. A. Forouzan, Prentice Hall
Sample internet