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Lecture #2 Diode Applications & Special Diodes Instructor: Dr. Ahmad El-Banna Benha University Faculty of Engineering at Shoubra Spring 2015 ECE-291 Electronic Engineering © Ahmad El-Banna 1

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Page 1: ECE-291 Electronic Engineering Lecture #2 Diode Applications & … Engineering/2461... · 2015. 4. 10. · Lecture #2 Diode Applications & Special Diodes Instructor: Dr. Ahmad El-Banna

Lecture #2 Diode Applications & Special Diodes

Instructor: Dr. Ahmad El-Banna

Benha University Faculty of Engineering at Shoubra

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ECE-291 Electronic Engineering

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Page 2: ECE-291 Electronic Engineering Lecture #2 Diode Applications & … Engineering/2461... · 2015. 4. 10. · Lecture #2 Diode Applications & Special Diodes Instructor: Dr. Ahmad El-Banna

Agenda

Half-wave Rectifier

Full-wave Rectifier

Power Supply Regulators

Zener Diode

LED

Photodiode 2

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DIODE APPLICATIONS 3

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Rectifiers Half-wave Rectifiers

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Page 5: ECE-291 Electronic Engineering Lecture #2 Diode Applications & … Engineering/2461... · 2015. 4. 10. · Lecture #2 Diode Applications & Special Diodes Instructor: Dr. Ahmad El-Banna

Half-wave Rectifier Operation

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Page 6: ECE-291 Electronic Engineering Lecture #2 Diode Applications & … Engineering/2461... · 2015. 4. 10. · Lecture #2 Diode Applications & Special Diodes Instructor: Dr. Ahmad El-Banna

Average Voltage & PIV

• The peak inverse voltage (PIV) equals the peak value of the input voltage

• Effect of the Barrier Potential

• Average Value of the Half-Wave Output Voltage

The diode must be capable of withstanding this amount of repetitive reverse voltage.

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Page 7: ECE-291 Electronic Engineering Lecture #2 Diode Applications & … Engineering/2461... · 2015. 4. 10. · Lecture #2 Diode Applications & Special Diodes Instructor: Dr. Ahmad El-Banna

Transformer Coupling

n : turns ratio Vsec: secondary voltage Vpri : primary voltage

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Page 8: ECE-291 Electronic Engineering Lecture #2 Diode Applications & … Engineering/2461... · 2015. 4. 10. · Lecture #2 Diode Applications & Special Diodes Instructor: Dr. Ahmad El-Banna

Rectifiers Full-wave Rectifiers

• Center-tapped Full-wave Rectifier

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Page 9: ECE-291 Electronic Engineering Lecture #2 Diode Applications & … Engineering/2461... · 2015. 4. 10. · Lecture #2 Diode Applications & Special Diodes Instructor: Dr. Ahmad El-Banna

Bridge Full-Wave Rectifier Operation

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Page 10: ECE-291 Electronic Engineering Lecture #2 Diode Applications & … Engineering/2461... · 2015. 4. 10. · Lecture #2 Diode Applications & Special Diodes Instructor: Dr. Ahmad El-Banna

POWER SUPPLY FILTERS

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Capacitor-Input Filter

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Page 12: ECE-291 Electronic Engineering Lecture #2 Diode Applications & … Engineering/2461... · 2015. 4. 10. · Lecture #2 Diode Applications & Special Diodes Instructor: Dr. Ahmad El-Banna

POWER SUPPLY REGULATORS

A basic +5.0 V regulated power supply

• While filters can reduce the ripple from power supplies to a low value, the most effective approach is a combination of a capacitor-input filter used with a voltage regulator. ©

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Page 13: ECE-291 Electronic Engineering Lecture #2 Diode Applications & … Engineering/2461... · 2015. 4. 10. · Lecture #2 Diode Applications & Special Diodes Instructor: Dr. Ahmad El-Banna

SPECIAL PURPOSE DIODES

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Page 14: ECE-291 Electronic Engineering Lecture #2 Diode Applications & … Engineering/2461... · 2015. 4. 10. · Lecture #2 Diode Applications & Special Diodes Instructor: Dr. Ahmad El-Banna

The Zener Diode • A zener diode is a silicon pn junction device that is designed for

operation in the reverse-breakdown region. • The breakdown voltage of a zener diode is set by carefully controlling the

doping level during manufacture.

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Page 15: ECE-291 Electronic Engineering Lecture #2 Diode Applications & … Engineering/2461... · 2015. 4. 10. · Lecture #2 Diode Applications & Special Diodes Instructor: Dr. Ahmad El-Banna

Zener Equivalent Circuits

• Zener is used as Regulator • Two Models

• Ideal Model • Practical Model

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Page 16: ECE-291 Electronic Engineering Lecture #2 Diode Applications & … Engineering/2461... · 2015. 4. 10. · Lecture #2 Diode Applications & Special Diodes Instructor: Dr. Ahmad El-Banna

Zener Regulation • Zener Regulation with a Variable Input Voltage

• Zener Regulation with a Variable Load

Check EXAMPLE 3–6 !

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Page 17: ECE-291 Electronic Engineering Lecture #2 Diode Applications & … Engineering/2461... · 2015. 4. 10. · Lecture #2 Diode Applications & Special Diodes Instructor: Dr. Ahmad El-Banna

Optical Diodes The Light-Emitting Diode (LED) Basic operation : • When the device is forward-biased, electrons cross the pn junction from the

n-type material and recombine with holes in the p-type material. • The difference in energy between the electrons and the holes corresponds to

the energy of visible light. • When recombination takes place, the recombining electrons release energy in

the form of photons.

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Light Emission • An LED emits light over a specified range of wavelengths.

• Examples of typical spectral output curves for LEDs: ©

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Typical LEDs

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LED Application 7-Segment Display

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Page 21: ECE-291 Electronic Engineering Lecture #2 Diode Applications & … Engineering/2461... · 2015. 4. 10. · Lecture #2 Diode Applications & Special Diodes Instructor: Dr. Ahmad El-Banna

LED Application LED Displays

• The concept of an RGB pixel used in LED display screens. ©

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Page 22: ECE-291 Electronic Engineering Lecture #2 Diode Applications & … Engineering/2461... · 2015. 4. 10. · Lecture #2 Diode Applications & Special Diodes Instructor: Dr. Ahmad El-Banna

Optical Diodes The Photodiode • The photodiode is a device that operates in reverse bias where I is the reverse

light current. • The photodiode has a small transparent window that allows light to strike the

pn junction. • Internal Resistance changes by the amount of light.

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Page 23: ECE-291 Electronic Engineering Lecture #2 Diode Applications & … Engineering/2461... · 2015. 4. 10. · Lecture #2 Diode Applications & Special Diodes Instructor: Dr. Ahmad El-Banna

• For more details, refer to:

• Chapter 2,3, T. Floyd, Electronic Devices and Circuit Theory, 11th edition, Prentice Hall.

• The lecture is available online at: • http://bu.edu.eg/staff/ahmad.elbanna-courses/12136

• For inquires, send to:

[email protected]

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