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DCN: 2018-MOL-046

Initial Environmental Examinations (IEE)

US Agency for International Development (USAID)USAID/Moldova

Initial Environmental Examination (IEE)

Program/Project/Activity Data

Activity/Project Name: Moldova IT Center of Excellence (ICTEC)Assistance Objective: 2. Increased Investment and Trade in Targeted Sectors

Program Area: 2.2. Improved Private Sector Competitiveness in Selected Industries

Country(ies) and/or Operating Unit: MoldovaOriginating Office: USAID/Moldova/EG Date: September 2018

PAD Level IEE: Yes NoSupplemental IEE: Yes NoRCE/IEE Amendment: Yes No

DCN of Original RCE/IEE: DCN:2012-WNIS-001

DCN of Amendment(s):2014-WNIS-001, 2014- WNIS-002, DCN-2014-WNIS-003

If Yes, Purpose of Amendment (AMD): N/A

DCN(s) of All Related EA/IEE/RCE/ER(s): DCN: 2012-WNIS-001, 2014-WNIS-001, 2014- WNIS-002, DCN-2014-WNIS-003

Implementation Start/End: AMD: December 2017 – June 23, 2022

LOP: Aug 2012 – Nov 2017– Jun. 23, 2022

Funding Amount: AMD: 4,800,000 LOP Amount:$12, 560,000Contract/Award Number (if known): N/ARecommended Environmental Determination:Categorical Exclusion: Positive Determination: Negative Determination: Deferral:

Additional Elements:Conditions: Local Procurement: Government to Government: Donor Co-Funded: Sustainability Analysis (included): Climate Change Vulnerability Analysis (included):

1. Background and Project Description

1.1. Purpose and Scope of IEE: This IEE has been prepared as an amendment to the Moldova IT Center of Excellence (ICTEC) IEE, DCN: 2012-WNIS-001 and its amendments: 2014-WNIS-001, 2014- WNIS-002, DCN-2014-WNIS-003. The purpose of this amendment is to extend the length of the project and make determination for an additional $4.8 million funds allocated for a new Round IV activity and an extension to June 2022. The activities to support Moldova in developing a network of ICTECs in Moldova are similar to Tekwill but are smaller in scope and will be located in Chisinau and also outside of the capital. The planned activity comply with the Moldova Country Development Cooperation Strategy (CDCS) and falls under the Assistance Objective 2. Increased Investment and Trade in Targeted Sectors, Program Area: 2.2. Improved Private Sector Competitiveness in Selected Industries. The activity will contribute to USAID’s economic growth objective and private sector competitiveness program area of the U.S. Foreign Assistance Framework. The Activity will be implemented in collaboration with the private sector and Moldova’s government, under the Global Development Alliance (GDA) model. This will enable the USG’s to leverage scarce resources in the Europe and Eurasia region. Global Development Alliances (GDAs) are USAID’s premiere model for public-private partnerships, helping to improve

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the social and economic conditions in developing countries and deepen USAID’s development impact. The amendment reviews the ICTEC project elements to ensure they meet the requirements for Categorical Exclusion and Negative Determination with Conditions described in the DCN:2012-WNIS-001 and its amendments under which the AIM PAD operates. For any ICTEC project elements identified through this amendment which have an impact on the environment, limitations will be specified to ensure they remain within the scope of determinations per 22CFR216.2(c). If such limitations are not feasible, mitigation measures will be specified and USAID will notify the Recipient of a change in the program Threshold Determination per 22CFR216 and incorporate any terms and conditions into the project cooperative agreement.

1.2. Project Overview: The goal of the project is to contribute to the extension of the Tekwill project as a sustainable network and deploy its programs on regional level. The project aims at consolidation of the Center related capacities, provision of appropriate equipment and staff, and organizing trainings and services to students and ICT sector workers related to information and communications technology (ICT). Over 10,000 beneficiaries are expected to receive relevant training as per addition to the project. As a result of the project, the skills of the Moldovan work force and the ICT industry in Moldova will be improved.

A USAID grant for Development of the first ICT Excellence Center (TEKWILL) was matched by both cash and in-kind contributions of private and government partners that bring significant new resources, ideas, software, technologies and development activities, such as trainings, practical assignments, and mentorship. Private partners include multinational companies, IBM and Microsoft, but also Information Technology and Communications Association (ATIC) members that are local Information and Communications Technology (ICT) companies, while among government partners Ministry of Economy and Infrastructure, Ministry of Education, Culture and Research, e-Government Center and Technical University have provided their support. The Technical University of Moldova is hosting the first Center on its premises and has jointly invested resources for initial investment and maintenance costs during the startup phase.

On September 19, 2017 USAID/Moldova has entered into a partnership with the Government of Sweden to join forces in the establishment and creation of the ICT Excellence Center (Tekwill). It included an arrangement that governs the relationship between the Parties regarding the financing, implementation and reporting of the activity.

During the first year of Tekwill operation, over 156 initiatives have been completed under the project, while the space got completely populated towards the month of September (6 months) and the initiatives has potential to be expanded countrywide. New activities are planned to transform Tekwill into a strategic focal point for Moldova in relation to boosting ICT sector. The Government of Moldova envisages the creation of a network of approximately six mini Tekwills around Chisinau and three regions around the country, which would have a high impact on the economy. Some universities are seeking to be part of this initiative, which involves private sector and development partners in modernization of the curricular content, as well as the Ministry of Education is opened to promote the optional programs developed by Tekwill to be accessible in schools.

1.3. Project Description: The purpose of the project extension is to establish and operate a fully functional and sustainable network of Tekwill type Centers to ensure Moldova’s economic growth through ICT. The activity will establish and manage a physical and virtual network of Tekwill type Centers, consolidate existing Information and Communication Technology Excellence Center in Moldova, as well as turn it into a national network via capacity development of the Center towards governing bodies and management teams, re-evaluate existing operation model and deploy programs to create a maximum impact for the country’s economy. Over 6,000 beneficiaries are expected to receive relevant training per year. As a result of the project, the skills of the Moldovan work force and the ICT industry in Moldova will be improved.

Tekwill represents a form of public private partnership between the government, academia and private sector with the objectives and goals to support the competitiveness of the industry, foster innovation, contribute to the entrepreneurship ecosystem acting as an additional, complementary facility currently for the Technical University, however aiming to grow to a national level and support the Government in its plans of Tekwill network expansion throughout Moldova. The infrastructure is part of the public contribution and donor investment, the content is part

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of the private sector support and development. The beneficiary is the ICT industry and the entire national economy, which will provide and consume more ICT based products, services and innovation.

The existing facility of Tekwill is almost a 5000 sq.m incorporating a FabLab developed in partnership with the Moldova Competitiveness Project. With a 95% occupancy rate and high demand for additional spaces and content, the concept requires to be further developed and deployed on a country level in order to support regional development and stimulate regional resources, including human resources from the regions. The future model will include additional partnerships between the Government and regional institutions to provide the necessary infrastructure, as well as additionally deployed content to be provided by the existing capacity which will be developed as a separate private entity.

The second phase will focus on the following development directions:1. Consolidation of ICT Center and creating makers space/fabrication laboratory2. Continuous support the creation of a business plan integrating relevant ICT educational content and

entrepreneurship activities3. Capacity development of the Center and regional Network governing bodies and management team formed

as a separate entityConsolidation and deployment of relevant ICT educational content and entrepreneurship activities in regions (Chisinau, Balti, Cahul, Tiraspol).

1.3.1 Component 1: Expansion of Tekwill Network

In only one year, Tekwill has managed to become a visit card and attraction point for the Moldovan ICT Industry and innovative businesses. The new created team keeps receiving requests related to Tekwill type projects in Chisinau and abroad. Several current initiatives are planned to happen in Balti, Cahul, Tiraspol and additional locations in Chisinau. Expanding the brand into a national wide network will lead to a successful incorporation of Tekwill type projects around the country creating conditions to develop a Tekwill network with a high and unified training standards and startup ecosystem. The expansion phase will include creation of at least three additional Tekwill type hubs in Chisinau and three - outside Chisinau, in order to bring positive impact on whole economy and to attract resources from all over the country.

The overall activities will include:a) Feasibility studies in several identified regionsb) Consultations with existing potential partnershipsc) Partnerships with the existing educational institutions and redesigning of the management modeld) Capacity building, trainings of local teams e) Investment into content development and infrastructure f) Deploy content as well as adjust the programs to the regional setupg) A minimal sustainable Tekwill program will be developed for each region including specific infrastructure

for collaboration, working, training, etc.

Each of the new Centers is proposed to have a focus on embracing other industries in order to make it to its full potential, for e.g.:

Tekwill Cahul will serve as a platform between Galati and Odessa, Ukraine to become an enabler for Tech in Agriculture, Textile and Logistics. The last three areas are already being assisted by various other projects and might constitute a good synergy in creating opportunities and making Cahul a regional hub not only for Moldova, but also for cross border cooperation. There are no yet many IT companies in Cahul to serve as partners for the content as it is happening in Chisinau, but there are good opportunities to attract Cahul University and technological College, as well as the Giurgiulesti Port, Agriculture and Wine businesses, etc. to promote technology and innovate in these areas.

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Tekwill Balti will serve as a platform for converging other industries such as Automotive, Energy sector and other areas of production. Taking into consideration the existing university programs, besides the production industries, the focus may be put on arts and creativity, since there are already min 800 students per year trained in arts field. It is crucial to use the existing human capital, build the local team and ensure the sustainability of the Center as part of the network. Since it is the North node of Moldova, Tekwill Balti envisions on covering the whole north region. The deployment of content in partnership with the main operators, as well as creation of industry required digital content may lead to a big shift in education in the region. The support of converging tech startups and building the culture there will serve as an enabler for the whole regional economic growth.

Tekwill Tiraspol will link the two bridges and cover the Russian speaking population, with no other similar facilities in the region. There will be a partnership established on the model of regional centers and integrated into the network. The educational content will be deployed on a similar basis.

As the other 3 above, Tekwill Comrat also may find a focus so that it contributes along with the other educational partners towards the regional development and translate best practices from the two existing projects- Tekwill and MCP.

The Chisinau segment of Tekwill network may be easily extended in partnership with State University, Academy of Economy Studies, Pedagogical University and Academy of Arts, which clearly expressed their readiness to use existing facilities and to involve their students in covering ICT and tech related faculties, mathematics, creative arts, trainers, etc. Some of them are already investing resources but are in strong need of content which successfully is developed by Tekwill team. For each of the entity, a minimum of 500 beneficiaries per year will be established.

1.3.2 Component 2. Capacity of ICT-related workforce developed

Activity 2.1: Deploy and expand Tekwill Business model, operations and content

The current phase of the Tekwill project has developed specific models in deploying education programs in partnership with the industry on a free and paid basis. In order to offer quality education to a significantly higher amount of people, there is a need for further investment into education and differentiated type of partnerships, as well as separating content into a dedicated entity that will be able to deliver this type of content in Moldova and outside as well. The second phase of the project will consolidate and improve the Center’s business plan that will outline all operational aspects, including services, organization, marketing and finance. The plan will be an inclusive process and will take into account contributions of all private and governmental partners. Sustainability and market driven will be the core principles for the business strategy of the future Tekwill Center/Centers, which will be developed into an alternative capacity for offering fast access to trainings and industry required qualifications.

A more detailed services portfolio with specific accent on different regions and even local expansion will be developed, including for educational activities (such as trainings, events, courses, certifications) and entrepreneurship development. Since the project will be based on two main streams: cultivating professional technical and soft skills and cultivating the entrepreneurship skills, the project will also focus on creating the proper services for the potential entrepreneurs and future startups. The center will develop its assistance programs with mentors, funding, linkages to potential investment and other type of support for the potential successful startup projects.

As a next phase of the project, the assistance will expand at the Tekwill facility towards:a) Business developmentb) Deploy education for more additional 1000 people/yearc) Deployment of digital content to reach more resultsd) Assisting a min of 100 startups in raising resources and funds for their businesse) Expanding entrepreneurial education programs for minimum 1000 beneficiaries

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Activity 2.2 : Expand STEM programs nationwide

The project envisions continuing the current efforts of promoting STEM education to be included in school curricula on behalf of the TwentyTu project that aims reaching out to 80,000 children from Moldovan institutions such as Robotics, Future Classroom project and other initiatives to consolidate the use of technology and creativity in school education. The project will seek to add digital content, as well as potentially equipping the schools, as well as contributing to the consolidation of a larger network as a whole.

On June 14, ATIC and Tekwill have signed a Memorandum of understanding with the Ministry of Economy and Infrastructure and Ministry of Education, Research and Culture to align efforts on promoting digital education in every school in Moldova through the TwentyTu program and digital curricula promoted by the Government.

TwentyTu will deliver alternative courses, free of charge, for 65,000 children (7-13 y.o.) and 15,000 teenagers (15-19 y.o), that is a total of 80,000 – every 4th pupil in Moldova. The whole activity aims at extending Tekwill activities beyond Tekwill walls and reforming tech education system. This is one of the main objectives of the signed Memorandum and industry together with the Government declared their support for the Tekwill initiative. The courses were selected based on the current roster of courses available at Tekwill Academy Kids. In addition to this, we have added courses that will grow skills relevant to 21st century and beyond, such as Artificial Intelligence, Entrepreneurship and Emotional Intelligence (Personal Development).

Courses will be delivered online and offline:- Online. Online courses will be structure in 30 sessions of approximately 15 minutes each. All the courses

will be integrated into one software that will be available online.- Offline. In order to receive a complete certificate of completion, beneficiaries will have to attend at least

one 90-minute offline workshop. The workshops will take place simultaneously across the country in 1-2 days, and we will call them “TwentyTu Walk-In Day”. Although it would not be mandatory for beneficiaries to attend the workshops, their certificate of completion will receive a lower categorization should they not do that.

Activity 2.3: Develop FabLab powered by Tekwill (Chisinau)

The second phase of the project envisages extension of the Center’s spaces designated to consolidate Tekwill as an ICT and engineering center through the fabrication laboratory - a rapid prototyping facility that enables users – individuals and entrepreneurs to move quickly from an idea or concept to a physical object or prototype to create physical objects. Besides the physical endowment with the specific equipment and tools, the FabLab team will develop various educational and entrepreneurial programs contributing to the overall development of technologies and innovations. With an investment from Moldova Competitiveness Project (funded through USAID and Sweden Government/SIDA), the FabLab requires the continuation of efforts in developing proper content, building community and services delivery.

The resources will be directed towards deployment of content based on other positive examples of FabLabs worldwide, attraction of software and hardware provider partners to enable the best value of content in Tekwill, as well as build the community and develop the sustainable business plan. Among the programs envisioned for FabLab are:

a) Programs and meetups for Professionals (training sessions, prototyping, ideation and startup development, hackathons, etc)

b) Programs for nonprofessionals (demo days, attraction of non IT towards the fablab)c) FabLab as a service provider for businesses to help develop new products on the marketd) Programs for kids

1.3.3 Component 3: Entrepreneurship Encouraged5

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The entrepreneurial programs developed during the existing phase of the project have led to a critical need of continuously investing into startups and even creating funding opportunities. The project team has managed to attract and convince existing Moldovan Business Angels to commit for investing into promising startups, this money being potentially matched by international venture funds from Romania. The next phase will include expansion of current programs and offering access to finance mechanisms.

Among the activities the following steps will be undertaken:

a) Develop seed funding opportunitiesb) Support to business angel network creationc) Investment in a minimum 20 startups per yeard) Raise investment of approximately 1,000,000 USD for supported teams over a period of 1 year

Tekwill will continue with deployment of quality driven program. The following is an example proposal for a program to implement funding and development opportunities for early-stage startups in Moldova:

a. Duration and content of programAnnual program consisting of 6 months of startup acceleration, for 30 selected startups. The program kicks off with 3 bootcamp weeks of lectures and workshops, after which the teams continue working individually on their projects with daily monitoring by mentors and Tekwill staff, and weekly progress reporting sessions.

b. Participant criteriaThe program is open for all technology startups worldwide, with the aim of attracting two foreign-origin startups for each Moldovan-origin one. Startups will need to be in the pre-MVP (Minimal Viable Product) or MVP phase, with previous investments totaling not more than USD 20k. Their activities are to be in the domain of digital services, digital distribution, with a particular preference on financial tech, fashiontech, big data, and AR/VR (Augmented and Virtual Reality).

c. Sourcing and selection funnelAnnual two-month application window followed by one-month selection process, during which candidate applicants are pre-screened through an online application service (F6S, Angelist, or similar), and 60 finalists are invited for in-person or video interviews. 30 winners to be selected after one-month selection period, with program starting two months after selection date. The Instrument conducts a three-month marketing block starting one month before the opening of applications, using digital marketing, event marketing, and organizational partnerships with liaison projects, to deliver the message about the opportunity to participate to potential applicants.

d. Expected outcomeAfter the 6-month acceleration period, the following deliverables are expected. 10 out of 30 companies raise follow-on funding not smaller than Instrument investment within 1 year of program end. 15 out of 30 companies create at least one additional job in Moldova within 1 year of program end. Non-local-origin teams expected to maintain operations in Moldova for at least 1 year after program end. Up to 10 out of 30 companies are eligible for follow-on investment up to EUR 100k from instrument sources.

e. Program staffing and executionThe Instrument program will operate as a full-time team, with an Investment director (2 associates), a Program director (2 associates), and a Marketing director (2 associates), comprising a team of 9 FTEs. The team will operate in cycles for operational activities, divided in 6 months for program, 3 months for program marketing, 2 months for application, and a full-time cycle for investment and Instrument marketing.

2. Baseline Environmental Information

2.1 Locations Affected and Environmental Context: 6

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Moldova has an area of 33,843 square km and a population of 2,998,200, according to 2014 census data. It is located at the intersection of three bio-geographic zones: the Central-European zone, the Euro-Asiatic zone, and the Mediterranean zone. Many species typical for each of these zones are at the limit of their natural range in Moldova. The country has a rich biota relative to its size, considering that the highest elevation point is only 430 m above the see level. Today, natural ecosystems occupy approximately 10 percent of Moldova, but only about half (4.7 percent) of it has the status of protected areas. A significant proportion of this area is highly degraded. Agricultural lands cover 75 percent of the country. Native steppe and steppe associated wet meadows have been systematically converted to cropland and pastures. The extent of loss of steppe is not thoroughly documented, but less than one percent remains of some types of grassland and wet meadow ecosystems that were once common in Moldova. Forests cover only about 13 percent of the total area. Over half (53 per cent) of Moldovan forests are planted and almost all the rest (47 per cent) are semi-natural. There are practically no undisturbed forests in the country. The number of mammals, fish and birds in the critical and dangerous situation categories increased from 64 in 2005 to 98 in 2010.

2.2 Description of Applicable Environmental and Natural Resource Legal Requirements Policies, Laws, and Regulations:

In Moldova, the legal framework for environmental and public health protection is quite extensive. The list of legislation that can be considered relevant to this activity includes: the Land Code (1991), the Water Code (1993), the Environmental Protection Law (1993), the Health Protection Law (1995), the Forest Code (1996), the Law on Licensing Certain Types of Activities (2001),the Regulation on Environmental Audit (1998), Regulation on Public Involvement in the Decision Making Process (2000), and the following policy documents: the Biodiversity Protection National Strategy and Action Plan (2001), the Transboundary Cooperation Concept 2004-2006 and the National Environmental Strategy 2013-2023.

The GOM has passed over 50 laws and regulations related to environmental protection and the Implementing Partners will be responsible to ensure their activities are in compliance with the USAID Environmental Regulations (title 22, CFR, Part 216) and also with applicable host country policies, laws, and regulations.

National Environmental Policies -● The Waste Management Strategy in 2013-2027 (2013)● The Soil Fertility Conservation and Improvement Program for 2011-2020 (2011)● The National Ecological Network Building Program for 2011-2018 (2011)● The National Strategy on Water Resources Development, 2011● The Ecological Security National Program for 2007-2015 (as amended in 2009)● The Biosafety Action Plan for 2009-2015, 2009● The Water Supply and Sanitation Strategy for 2008-2025, 2007, 2015

Environmental Legislation -● Law on Environmental Impact Assessment #86, 2014 ● Draft Law on Strategic Environmental Assessment, 2015 ● The Law on Waste, 2014● The Natural Resources Law, 1997 (as amended in 2013)● The Environmental Protection Law, 1993 (as amended in 2012)● The Riparian Zones Protection Law, 1995 (as amended in 2012)● The Protected Areas Law, 1998 (as amended in 2013)● The Fauna (Animal Kingdom) Law, 1995 (as amended in 2011)● The Water Law, 2011● The State Surveillance of Public Health Law, 2009● The Ecological Network Law 2007 (as amended in 2010)● The Local Green Areas Law, 1999 (as amended in 2010)● The Plant Protection Law, 1999 (as amended in 2009)

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● The Potable Water Law, 1999 (as amended in 2009)● The Environmental Pollution Taxes Law, 1998 (as amended in 2008)● The Biological Security Law, 2001 (as amended in 2007)● The Air Protection Law, 1997 (as amended in 2007)● The Hydro-meteorological Activities Law, 1998 (as amended in 2005)

Related Legislation -● The Civil Code, 1996 (as amended in 2013)● The Access to Information Law, 2000 (as amended in 2012)● The Energy Efficiency Law, 2010● The Settlements Sanitation Concept, 2007● Energy Strategy through 2020, 2007● The General Product Safety Law, 2006● The Law on Urban and Territorial Development Principles, 1997

Executive Branch Regulations -● Regulations on Water Pollution Prevention caused by Agricultural Activities, 2013● The Sanitary Protection Zones of Water Intakes Regulations, 2013● The Collection, Treatment and Discharge of Used Waters in Sanitation System and/or in

Water Bodies Regulations, 2013● The Underground Waters Quality Regulations, 2013● The Drought Management Planning Regulations, 2013● The Waters Use for Community, Irrigation and Pisciculture Needs Regulations, 2013● The Management of Flood Risks Regulations, 2013● Flood Protection Embankments Regulations, 2012● The Regulations on Recreational Areas near Water Basins, 2002 (as amended in 2010)● The Scheme of Localities for Floods Protection, GD#1030, 2000 (as amended in 2003)● The Methodology for Assessing the Environmental Damage Caused as a Result of Water

Law Breach, 2003● The Wastes Delivery Regulations (2001)● The Natural and Constructed Protected Areas Regulations, 2000● The Framework Regulations on National Parks, Natural Monuments, Resource and

Biosphere Protected Areas (2000)● The Ministry of Health Requirements for Potable Waters for Decentralized Supply,

Protection of Water Sources, and Arrangement and Maintenance of Wells (#06.6.3.18-96, 1996)

● The GD on Restoration of Degraded Lands (#404, 1994)● Labor Safety Regulations -● The Sanitary Regulation to Avoid Risks of Chemicals Presence at Workplace, 2013● The GD on Workers Protection from Asbestos Exposure, 2013● The Technical Regulations on Fire Protection in the Republic of Moldova (RT DSE 1.01-

2005)● The Norms for Labor Protection Measures, 2001

International Agreements The Republic of Moldova seeks to align its national environmental policy with regional and international best practices and Article 95 of the Law on Environmental Protection confirms that international conventions and agreements take precedence over national legislation if the provisions in the international agreements are more stringent. A National Commission has also been established by presidential decree (November, 1996) to oversee the implementation of the provisions of different international agreements.Moldova ratified most of the major international biodiversity related agreements with the major ones and date of ratification provided in the Table 1 below. More information on Moldova’s international commitments can be

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found in UNECE Environmental Performance Reviews (http://www.unece.org/fileadmin/DAM/env/epr/epr_studies/Synopsis/ECECEP171_Synopsis.pdf, 2014).

Table 1: International Treaties and Agreements

International Environmental Agreements to which Moldova is a Party Date RatifiedConvention on the Conservation of European Wildlife and Natural Habitats 23 June 1993(Bern, 1979)Convention on Environmental Impact Assessment in a Transboundary 23 June 1993Context (Espoo, 1991)Convention on the Protection and Use of Transboundary Watercourses and 23 June 1993International Lakes (Helsinki, 1992)UN Convention on Biological Diversity (Rio de Janeiro, 1992) 16 March 1995UN Framework Convention on Climate Change (Rio de Janeiro, 1992) 12 June 1995UN Convention on Combating Desertification (Paris, 1994) 24 December 1998Convention on Cooperation for the Protection and Sustainable Use of the 17 March 1999Danube River (Sofia, 1994)Convention on the Access to Information, Public Participation in Decision 7 April 1999Making and Access to Justice in Environmental Matters (Aarhus, 1998)Convention on Wetlands of International Importance especially as 14 July 1999Waterfowl Habitat (Ramsar, 1971)Convention on Conservation of Migratory Species of Wild Fauna (Bonn, 28 September 20001979), Agreement on Conservation of bats in Europe and Agreement onConservation of African–Euro-Asian Migratory Water BirdsConvention on International Trade in Endangered Species of Wild Fauna 28 September 2000and Flora (CITES) (Washington, 1973)Convention on European Landscape (Florence, 2000) 12 October 2000Convention on Persistent Organic Pollutants (Stockholm, 2001) 19 February 2004

2.3 Country/Ministry/Municipality Environmental Capacity Analysis:

Historically, governmental organizations have played the leading role in mitigating climate change, promoting green technologies and ensuring environment protection and biodiversity conservation in Moldova. The supreme representative body of the people and the sole legislative authority of the State in the Republic of Moldova is the Parliament. The Parliament (www.parlament.md) has the role to approve the decisions regarding ratification of or accession to international and regional treaties, approves strategies, concepts and action plans for the most important areas, including environment protection and biodiversity conservation. The Parliament Commission on Environment and Climate Change is the working body of the Parliament of the Republic of Moldova - most directly related to biodiversity conservation, climate change mitigation, promotion of green economy principles and renewable energy sources.

The executive branch of the Government of Moldova (GOM) is responsible for the implementation of national and international environmental protection policies. GOM is responsible for implementing programs, strategies, concepts, and action plans adopted by the Parliament. Within the executive branch, there are several central government institutions that directly or indirectly are responsible for protecting environment and conserving biodiversity. In accordance with the law, the most important ecological issues will be considered by the Supreme Security Council subordinated to the President of the Republic of Moldova. All other important issues will be considered by the State Chancellery, an institution that coordinates the work of other national authorities implementing applicable laws/regulations and monitoring the implementation. The primary central government

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institutions responsible for environmental protection and biodiversity conservation in Moldova are: the Ministry of Agriculture, Regional Development and Environment (MARDE), the Apele Moldovei Agency and the Agency Moldsilva (Moldova Forest Service).

The MARDE (www.mediu.gov.md & www.marde.gov.md) is the national environmental authority that develops and defines governmental policies related to the environmental protection, rational use of natural resources, waste management, biodiversity conservation and state control of ecological activities. The MARDE assesses and monitors biodiversity, manages some protected areas, coordinates environmental and climate change research, ensures cross-sectorial cooperation, monitors compliance, and develops reports on the state of the environment in Moldova. At the same time, the MARDE (together with its subordinated divisions and institutions) is the main governmental body responsible for ecological expertise and environmental impact assessment.

Moldsilva (www.moldsilva.gov.md) is a Ministerial level agency that manages forestry and game/hunting in the country through the implementation of policies and international treaties on rural development and employment, sustainable forest management and wildlife protection, conservation of biodiversity etc. Moldsilva is structured into 25 regional entities, including sixteen forest enterprise activities, four forestry and hunting enterprises, four state natural reserves and the Forest Research and Management Institute (ICAS). Activities of these entities are enacted through 82 local forest districts.

Environmental permitting and enforcement in the Republic of Moldova are performed by the State Ecological Inspectorate (SEI), which is subordinated to the Ministry of Agriculture, Regional Development and Environment (MARDE). The Agency “Moldsilva”, public institution on State policy in forestry and hunting, is also in charge of issuing permit on forest related issues. Other governmental agencies such as “Apele Moldovei” Agency, State Services for Public Health, and Agency for Geology and Mineral Resources are also involved in permitting procedure.

According to the 1993 Law on Environmental Protection, SEI performs State control regarding compliance with environmental legislation requirements. SEI also performs State ecological expertise and issues permits of emissions into the air and for the special use of water. The total staff of SEI is 310 persons, from which 59 are in the central body of the institution and 251 are assigned to the territorial units which include 4 ecological agencies located in Chisinau, Balti, Cahul, and Autonomous Territory of Gagauzia and 32 ecological inspections in raions.

2.4 Current Gaps in the Environmental Protection System

One of the main constraints faced by the MARDE is lack of capacity to develop adequate legislation and to enforce it, including issues related to inadequate financial support, weak environmental education and biodiversity conservation training programs, limited expert potential and low level of staffing for critical functions. The frequent reorganization of national and regional government agencies was certainly a source of confusion and complicated the horizontal cooperation of authorities enforcing environmental legislation. The changes in geographical coverage and the consequent transfers of files, changes in staff and leadership, and changes in priorities delayed the development of inter-ministerial cooperation mechanisms. Environmental information from other governmental agencies often was not available to the MARDE even though it was required by law. The other governmental agencies lacked specialists and/or departments to deal with environmental issues.

2.5. Sustainability Analysis

The USAID Project Design Sustainability Analysis Tool provides sufficient guidance to ensure ICTEC expansion meets Agency sustainability requirements. Applying this tool to the ICTEC Expansion Activity , the design team concluded the activity is environmentally friendly designed and fully sustainable; that is, all project results are designed to be sustainable due to significant partner country buy-in, good social soundness, minimal recurrent costs within the fiscal capacities of the host partner, and other factors. This conclusion is based on an analysis of the following project design sustainability factors:

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There is demonstrable local demand and ownership of project activities, where a broad segment of the community has a stake currently or potentially in ensuring that the activity, absorption of ICT in the regions and creating comparable environments similar to Tekwill in Chisinau expanding the activities to new areas with high ICT component integration. USAID will invest in strong local private-public development opportunities found in Moldova’s grassroots political processes, and local governments and institutions with a high participation of the business community to ensure sustainability is reached and proper motivation is in place.

USAID will contribute to the creation of the Tekwill network with high involvement and impact from the side of the GoM, private sector, local Governments and academia. It will strive to develop the skills and capacity of the network, as well as create proper rules for further development on its own. Perhaps most importantly, through developing sustainable approaches that comply with best practices in the sector and generate real world experience and learning.

It is anticipated that the key interventions will not have any negative effect on the environment and human health. While some minor interventions may have effect on the environment and people health. In most cases, this environmental/health effect is deemed being mostly positive and beneficial for each nature component separately (rocks, relief, soil, air, climate, water, biodiversity) as well as for Moldova’s landscapes and ecosystems in general. In order to ensure project’s sustainability and consolidate its beneficial impact the Tekwill Network Expansion has to be complemented with GoM’s and local partners commitments for adequate improvements to mitigate any potential risk on the sights.

2.6 Climate Change Vulnerability Analysis:

Moldova is a small land locked country with highly variable climate conditions at both: annual and seasonal levels. It has a temperate climate with short and relatively mild winters and long, warm, and sometimes, very dry summers. The country has highly variable rainfall levels, and drought-like conditions are common, especially for the central and southern part of the country. According to the Third National Communication of the Republic of Moldova under the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change (2015, https://unfccc.int/resource/docs/natc/mdanc3.pdf) Moldova is highly sensitive to climate changes and climate variability. At regional level the recent climate changes are manifesting mostly by increasing climate variability, reflected by both: a) increase in amplitude of temperature and precipitations variations at seasonal and yearly levels and also b) by general increase of the frequency and the number of diverse weather anomalies, like: severe droughts, high temperature waves during the summer, heavy rainfalls, frosts, strong wind and hurricanes, etc. Climate and weather-related impacts are expected to intensify as changes in temperature and precipitation affect economic activity and especially the agriculture sector of the country. The analysis of the air annual average temperature during 2007–2017, as compared to the multiannual average shows that this period is characterized by significant thermal anomalies, especially in 2007 and 2012which are considered to be the hottest years in the last 120 years.

Moldova is highly vulnerable to climate variability and change, which bring droughts, late spring frosts, hail, floods and severe storms. Increasingly erratic weather patterns have resulted in loss of life and income through rising food and energy prices. Socioeconomic costs of climate-related natural disasters are significant, and both the intensity and frequency of weather anomalies are expected to further increase as a result of climate change. The impacts of climate change on agriculture are of particular concern because agriculture is one of the key sectors in Moldova and also a major source of income and employment. The severe droughts of 2007 and 2012 impacted on more than 80 percent of the rural population depending on agriculture. Floods in 2008 and 2010 caused damage, primarily affecting rural and agricultural regions of the country, which was estimated at approximately US$42 million. Moldova remains one of the poorest countries in Europe, with almost 60 percent of the population concentrated in rural areas. Agriculture is a critical livelihood for rural communities and central to the country’s food security. This analysis was not performed as part of the AIM PAD design, though the attached CRM screening has been prepared as part of this amendment . Given the nature of ICTEC activity, the majorities of planned interventions are not sensitive to climate changes and will have no impact either positive or negative on regional climate change.

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DCN: 2018-MOL-046

Although Tekwill expansion includes refurbishments in the region, these activities will not have a direct impact on any climate changes. Such kind of potential impact is more relevant for the localities from the south of Moldova which faces drinking water scarcity problems due to dry climate of the area. Based on a PPP model, ICTEC project will ensure a close collaboration with the local authorities and GoM to decrease any potential risk. It is critical that technical assistance to local governments include awareness-raising and proper planning of possible renovations of regional Tekwill(s) for to ensure any physical works is designed, sited, and implemented taking into account the regional climate change tendency to increasing temperature anomalies and climate variability at seasonal and yearly levels. The implementing partner, under guidance and monitoring of COR/AOR and MEO must ensure timely consideration and appropriate mitigations of all climate sensitive issues related to improved ventilation and air conditioning systems and also to adapting the heating and water supply systems to new climate conditions. Promoting best practices in the sector, including also energy efficiency and use of renewable energy sources, the project will have a beneficial impact on regional and local climate because it may contribute to reducing the consumption of traditional energy from fossil sources and accordingly will reduce the air pollution and emissions of greenhouse gasses.

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3. Analysis of potential Environmental Impact: It is intended that information from this analysis be adequate for identifying any and all mitigation measures necessary to avoid or sufficiently reduce impacts.

Component 1: Expansion of Tekwill Network (Chisinau, Cahul, Balti, Tiraspol, etc)

Defined/Illustrative Activities Potential Impacts

Potential Climate Risk Climate Risk Rating

Opportunities for Climate Resiliency

1.1 Define the proper form of management of the Network

None anticipated

None anticipated Low Educate stakeholders to follow best practices in the sector and ensure they consider climate resiliency and environmental protection issues into training agenda, in planning of social service and child care improvements

1.2 Develop proper partnerships and define space layout and systems design

None anticipated

None anticipated Low Educate stakeholders to follow best practices in the sector and ensure they incorporate climate resiliency and environmental issues into training agenda and also in planning of social service and child care improvements

1.3 Complete space renovation, electrical, water, and sewage lines, air conditioning systems where necessary, add internet/communication lines and air- conditioning systems

Potential impacts on air, water, land, and human health might occur

None anticipated

If improperly installed (in unventilated rooms) the IT equipment may affect people health and environment.

Gas emissions from transport may increase air pollution that affect people health and indirectly

Low Educate stakeholders to ensure they consider climate resiliency and environmental protection issues in selecting and purchasing new equipment. The project will ensure that all systems are in line with the international standards and USAID recommendation. The project implementation unit will ensure that the procured equipment is energy efficient, safely installed and properly maintained. Providing new systems and specific equipment, the project team will provide sufficient training on the right and energy saving usage to reduce the air pollution/gas emissions and the

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Potential Climate Risk Climate Risk Rating


stimulate climate changes. transports impact on climate change.

1.4 Purchase necessary office and training equipment based on the needs


The regional climate change tendency and the global warming effect on the territory of South Moldova is accompanied with decreasing amount of precipitations and increasing frequency of droughts, hot waves and some other weather anomalies. Increasing climate variability can amplify the water scarcity stress in some localities and affect human health.

Low Educate stakeholders to ensure they consider climate resiliency and environmental protection issues in selecting and purchasing new equipment. The projects will that all the systems are in line with the international standards and USAID recommendation. The project implementation unit will ensure that the procured equipment is energy efficient, safely installed and properly maintained. Providing new systems and specific equipment, the project team will provide sufficient training on the right and energy saving usage to reduce the air pollution/gas emissions and the transports impact on climate change.

Component 2: Capacity of ICT-related workforce developed


Potential Climate Risk

Climate Risk Rating


2.1 Deploy and expand Tekwill Business model, operations and content

None anticipated

None anticipated Low Educate stakeholders to ensure they incorporate climate resiliency into planning of service improvements and studies.

2.2 Expand STEM programs nationwide


None anticipated Low Educate stakeholders to ensure they consider climate resiliency and environmental protection issues in

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Potential Climate Risk

Climate Risk Rating


selecting and purchasing new equipment if necessary under this component

2.3 Develop FabLab powered by Tekwill (Chisinau) Potential impacts on air, water, land,

and human health might occur

None anticipated Low Taking into consideration there will only be support activities, the team will ensure the continuation of efforts of elimination of any potential risks for the climate change

Component 3: Entrepreneurship encouraged

Defined/Illustrative Activities Potential ImpactsPotential Climate Risk

Climate Risk Rating


3.1 Expand entrepreneurial programs None anticipated


3.2 Deploy and expand Tekwill Business model, operations and content

None anticipated


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4. Recommended Environmental Actions

4.1. Recommended Mitigation Measures

Expansion of Tekwill Network (Chisinau, Cahul, Balti, Tiraspol)

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Defined/Illustrative Activities Potential Impacts Mitigation Measures

Recommended Threshold Determination

1.3 Complete space renovation, electrical, water, and sewage lines, air conditioning systems where necessary, add internet/communication lines and air- conditioning systems


1. The IP will provide capacity development to local partners for adequate, design of utility renovations, proper operations and maintenance of the equipment, and take labor safety measures during equipment installation, testing and use.

2. The newly provided equipment shall be distributed in a way to minimize further use of transport and reduce gas emissions.

3. The Implementer will use an expert on the design of server/IT facilities to design the space and systems to use less energy (in line with the best international practices and standards) for computer operations and cooling and back-up power systems.

4. The IP will complete the Environmental Review Checklist (ERC) and/or Environmental Monitoring and Mitigation Plans (EMMP) for each separate location and system equipment, making a preliminary determination regarding any negative environmental impact, and submit it to the USAID COR/ AOR and MEO for their review and approval. Approval of the E&E BEO of the completed ERC/EMMP will be required.

Negative Determination with Conditions

1.4 Purchase necessary office and training equipment based on the needs


1. The newly developed regulations shall comply with the EU directives for the sector.

2. The IP shall provide capacity development to local partners to understand and comply with newly developed regulations for child care system reform and laws governing environmental management.

3. The IP will ensure to educate stakeholders to ensure they consider climate resiliency and environmental protection issues in selecting and purchasing new equipment if necessary under this component

4. The IP will complete the Environmental Review Checklist (ERC) and/or Environmental Monitoring


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Component 2: Capacity of ICT-related workforce developed

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Defined/Illustrative Activities Potential Impacts Mitigation Measures

Recommended Threshold Determination

2.2 Expand STEM programs nationwide


1. The IP will provide capacity development to develop energy efficiency into the contract specifications for the local authorities and for adequate operations and maintenance of the equipment, and take labor safety measures during equipment installation, testing and use.

2. The newly provided equipment shall be distributed in a way to minimize further use of transport and reduce gas emissions.

3. The IP will complete the Environmental Review Checklist (ERC) and/or Environmental Monitoring and Mitigation Plans (EMMP) for each separate location and system equipment , making a preliminary determination regarding any negative environmental impact, and submit it to the USAID COR/ AOR and MEO for their review and approval. Approval of the E&E BEO of the completed ERC/EMMP will be required.


2.3 Develop FabLab powered by Tekwill (Chisinau)


1.The IP will provide capacity development to develop energy efficiency into the contract specifications for the local authorities and for adequate operations and maintenance of the equipment, and take labor safety measures during equipment installation, testing and use.2. The newly provided equipment shall be distributed in a way to minimize further use of transport and reduce gas emissions.3.The IP will complete the Environmental Review Checklist (ERC) and/or Environmental Monitoring and Mitigation Plans (EMMP) for each separate location and system equipment, making a preliminary determination regarding any negative environmental impact, and submit it to the USAID COR/ AOR and MEO for their review and approval. Approval of the E&E BEO of the completed ERC/EMMP will be required.


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4.2. Recommended Environmental Determination:

A Categorical Exclusion is recommended for the following activities:5.

A Categorical Exclusion pursuant to 22 CFR 216.2(c)(2)(i) for education, technical assistance, or training programs except to the extent such programs include activities directly affecting the environment (such as the construction of facilities, etc.) is recommended for activities 1.1-1.2, 2.1,, 3.1-3.2 A Categorical Exclusion pursuant to 216.2(c)(2)(iii) for analyses, studies, academic or research workshops and meetings is recommended for activity 1.1.

A Categorical exclusion pursuant to 22 CFR 216.2(c)(2)(v) for document and information transfers is recommended for activities 1.1-1.2, 2.1,, 3.1-3.2..6.Per 22 CFR 216.2(c)(1), neither an IEE nor an Environmental Assessment (EA) is required for activities which are determined to fall within one or more of the classes of activities listed in 22 CFR 216.2(c)(2).

A Negative Determination with Conditions is recommended for activities 1.3,1.4, 2.2, 2.3 from the Section 3 tables.

4.3. Conditions and Mitigation Measures:

4.3.1. The Implementer will complete the attached ERC and an EMMP for Component 1 (1.3,1.4, 2.2, 2.3) activities, make a preliminary determination regarding any negative environmental impact, and submit it to the USAID AOR and MEO for their review and approval. Approval of the BEO will be required. The completed EMMP shall be attached to the signed Certification of No Adverse or Significant Effects on the Environment (ERC/EMMP Annex 1 ).4.3.2. The Implementer will use an expert on the design of server/IT facilities to design the space and systems to use less energy (in line with the best international practices and standards) for computer operations and cooling and back-up power systems.4.3.3. Once the determination is approved by the MEO (and BEO), the Implementer will be responsible for ensuring that site-specific activities are implemented consistent with the approved EMMP.4.3.4. After the Implementer has finalized its activities at the site, a signed Record of Compliance (ERC/EMMP Annex 2) shall be submitted to the AOR certifying that the organization met all applicable EMMP conditions, a copy shall be provided to the MEO.4.3.5. Any fund transfers from the Implementer to other organizations must incorporate provisions stipulating:

a. The completion of appropriate environmental compliance documentation as defined in consultation with the MEO, and possibly the BEO; and

b. Aligning of activities to be undertaken with the scope of the environmental determinations and recommendations of this IEE; this includes assurance that any mitigation measures required for those activities be followed.

The USAID Agreements Officer will specify this wording in the USAID agreement.

4.4. USAID Environmental Commitments:

4.4.1. USAID procurement process should include consideration of the Implementer’s ability to perform the mandatory environmental compliance requirements as envisioned under the l IEE.4.4.2. The USAID Agreements Officer will specify this wording in the USAID agreement.

4.5. Monitoring and Reporting

4.5.1. The AOR, with the support of the MEO, is responsible for monitoring compliance of activities by means of field inspections and reviews of records and scheduling any corrective actions.

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4.5.2. If at any time the project is found to be out of compliance with this Initial Environmental Examination (IEE), the AOR shall immediately notify the MEO who in turn shall notify the BEO.4.5.3. Implementer shall report on environmental compliance requirements as part of their routine project reporting to USAID.4.5.4. A summary report of the Mission’s compliance relative to this IEE shall be sent to the BEO on an annual basis, normally in connection with preparation of the Mission’s annual environmental compliance report required pursuant to ADS 203.3.8.5 and 204.3.3.4.5.5. The BEO or his/her designated representative may conduct site visits or request additional information for compliance monitoring purposes to ensure compliance with this IEE, as necessary.

5. Mandatory Inclusion of Environmental Compliance Requirements in Solicitations, Awards, Budgets and Workplans5.1 Appropriate environmental compliance language shall be included in the award for this activity with and

appropriate level of funding and staffing to satisfy the environmental compliance requirements set forth in this IEE.

5.2 The Implementer will incorporate conditions set forth in this IEE into their annual work plan(s).5.3 The Implementer shall ensure annual work plans do not prescribe activities that are defined as limitations, as

defined in Section 6.5.4 The Mission will include an indicator for environmental compliance as part of the Moldova ITCE’s

performance monitoring plan.

6. Limitations of the IEE

This IEE does not cover activities (and therefore should changes in scope implicate any of the issues/activities listed below, a BEO-approved amendment shall be required), that:6.1 Normally have a significant effect on the environment under §216.2(d)(1) [See

http://www.usaid.gov/our_work/environment/compliance/regulations.html]6.2 Support project preparation, project feasibility studies, engineering design for activities listed in §216.2(d)(1);6.3 Affect endangered species;

6.4 Result in wetland or biodiversity degradation or loss;

6.5 Support extractive industries (e.g. mining and quarrying);

6.6 Promote timber harvesting;

6.7 Provide support for regulatory permitting;

6.8 Result in privatization of industrial or infrastructure facilities;

6.9 Lead to new construction of buildings or other structures;

6.10 Assist the procurement (including payment in kind, donations, guarantees of credit) or use (including handling, transport, fuel for transport, storage, mixing, loading, application, cleanup of spray equipment, and disposal) of pesticides or activities involving procurement, transport, use, storage, or disposal of toxic materials and /or pesticides (cover all insecticides, fungicides, rodenticides, etc. covered under the Federal Insecticide, Fungicide, and Rodenticide Act); and

6.11 Procure or use genetically modified organisms.

7. Revisions:Pursuant to 22 CFR 216.3(a)(9), if new information becomes available that indicates that activities covered by the RCE might be considered “major” and their effect “significant,” or if additional activities are proposed that might

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be considered “major” and their effect “significant,” this recommendation for Categorical Exclusion will be reviewed and, if necessary, revised by the MEO with concurrence by the BEO. It is the responsibility of the USAID AOR to keep the MEO and BEO informed of any new information or changes in the activity that might require revision of the IEE.

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7. Recommended Environmental Threshold Decision Clearances:

Approval : _______________________________________Karen Hilliard, Mission Director

_____________________Date

Clearance: ___________________________________________Constantin Mihailescu, Mission Environmental Officer

_____________________Date

Clearance : ___________________________________________Dan Thomson, EG Program Director

_____________________

Date

Concurrence: ___________________________________________Mark KamiyaE&E Bureau Environmental Officer

_9/4/2018_______________Date

Distribution:IEE FileMEO (to also provide a copy to AOR/COR)

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Annex A: Climate Risk Management Summary Table

1.1: Defined or Anticipated Tasks or Interventions*

1.2: Time-frame

1.3: Geo-graphy

2: Climate Risks*

3: Adaptive Capacity

4: Climate Risk Rating* [Enter rating for each risk: High, Moderate, or Low]

5: Opportunities*

6.1: Climate Risk Management Options

6.2: How Climate Risks Are Addressed in the Activity*

7: Next Steps for Activity Implementation

8: Accepted Climate Risks*

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Component 1:

Expansion of Tekwill Network

(Chisinau, Cahul, Balti,

Tiraspol, etc).

During the project

implementation:

August 2018 – June

2022

All Moldova,

with more

impact on the South

and Central part that are more affected by high temperat

ures.

Increased ambient temperatures may require

additional costs to improve ventilatio

n, air conditioning and

water supply systems

Increased occurrenc

e of severe

weather events (high

winds, hot

waves, heavy rains,

flooding, ice

storms) may

affect the Tekwill Network facilities and result

in disruptio

n of infrastruc

ture including

falling power lines,

damage to

equipment, etc..

Increased ambient temperatures may require additional costs to improve

Moldova strongly needs donor

support as there is very limited

government

support to

improve infrastruc

ture systems

and ensure energy supply security at the level

required for

proper maintenance and

operation of the

equipment and also

for protection of the

environment.

Low

The IP and beneficiari

es will procure

only energy

efficient equipment

, will promote energy options

that lower GHG

emissions, increase energy

efficiencies, and reduce waterusage.

Project will

address the need

for special

design of selected facilities

for protection from severe

weather events.

Promotion of

green technologies, use

of renewable energy sources

and efficient equipment with

minimal dependen

cy on ambient temperat

ure

Project will

address the need

for special

design of

Building the

Tekwill network

will significan

tly improve

change of information in the

sector and also

between involved localities

and in such a

way may reduce

the transporta

tion traffic

and fossil fuel

consumption by cars,

reducing also the

impact of GHG

emissions on local climate

Promoting green

technologies and use of

efficient equipmen

t will reduce fossil

energy consumption and

environment

pollution

Promoting best

practices in the sector, including

energy efficiency and use of renewable

energy sources,

the project will have a beneficial impact on regional and local climate as

it will contribute to reducing

the consumptio

n of traditional

energy reducing also the GHG

emissions and air

pollution.

N/A



governm


es will procure

only energy

efficient equipment

Building the

Tekwill network

will significan

tly improve

change of information in the

Promoting best

practices in the sector, including

energy efficiency and use of renewable

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Component 2::

Capacity of ICT-related workforce developed

Component 3: Entrepreneu

During the project

implementation:

August 2018 – June

2022

During the project

implementa

All Moldova,

with more

impact on the South

and Central part that are more affected by high temperat

ures.

ventilation, air conditioning and water supply systems Increased occurrence of severe weather events (high winds, hot waves, heavy rains, flooding, ice storms) may affect the Tekwill Network facilities and result in disruption of infrastructure including falling power lines, damage to equipment, etc..

Increased ambient temperatures may require additional costs to improve ventilation, air conditioning and water supply systems Increased occurrence of severe

ent support

to improve infrastruc

ture systems

and ensure energy supply security at the level

required for


operation of the

equipment and also


environment.



government

support to

improve infrastruc

ture systems

and

Low

Low


that lower GHG


efficiencies, and reduce waterusage


es will procure

only energy

efficient equipment


that lower GHG


selected facilities

for protection from severe

weather events.

Promotion of

green technologies, use

of renewable energy sources

and efficient equipment with

minimal dependen

cy on ambient temperat

ure

sector and also

between involved localities

and in such a

way may reduce

the transporta

tion traffic

and fossil fuel

consumption by cars,

reducing also the

impact of GHG

emissions on local climate

Promoting green

technologies and use of

efficient equipmen

t will reduce fossil

energy consumption and

environment

pollution

energy sources,

the project will have a beneficial impact on regional and local climate as

it will contribute to reducing

the consumptio

n of traditional

energy reducing also the GHG

emissions and air

pollution.

Promoting best practices in the sector, including energy efficiency and use of renewable energy sources, the project will have a beneficial impact on regional and local climate as

N/A

Project will address the need for special design of selected facilities for protection from severe weather events.Promotion of green technolo

Tekwill network will significantly improve change of information in the sector and also between involved localities and in such a way may reduce the

26

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rship encouraged

tion: August

2018 – June 2022

All Moldova

with special

focus on LPAs, schools

and business partners involved in pilot projects

weather events (high winds, hot waves, heavy rains, flooding, ice storms) may affect the Tekwill Network facilities and result in disruption of infrastructure including falling power lines, damage to equipment, etc..

ensure energy supply security at the level

required for


operation of the

equipment and also


environment

efficiencies, and reduce waterusage

gies, use of renewable energy sources and efficient equipment with minimal dependency on ambient temperature

transportation traffic and fossil fuel consumption by cars, reducing also the impact of GHG emissions on local climate Promoting green technologies and use of efficient equipment will reduce fossil energy consumption and environment pollution

it will contribute to reducing the consumption of traditional energy reducing also the GHG emissions and air pollution.

.

N/A

ENVIRONMENTAL REVIEW CHECKLIST (ERC) for Identifying Potential Environmental

Impacts of Project Activities and Processes/

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ENVIRONMENTAL MITIGATION AND MONITORING PLAN

(EMMP)ERC/EMMP

for [Activity Name]

Implemented under: [Project Name]

DCN: [of Parent IEE]

Prepared by: [Implementer]

28

ENVIRONMENTAL REVIEW CHECKLIST FOR IDENTIFYING POTENTIAL ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACTS OF PROJECT ACTIVITIES AND PROCESSES

The Environmental Review Checklist for Identifying Potential Environmental Impacts of Project Activities and Processes (ERC) and Environmental Mitigation and Monitoring Plan (EMMP) is intended for use by implementing partners to: assess activity-specific baseline conditions, including applicable environmental requirements; identify potential adverse environmental effects associated with planned activity(s) and processes; and develop EMMPs that can effectively avoid or adequately minimize the identified effects. This ERC/EMMP may be substituted for other ERC/EMMP versions that may have been attached to previous initial environmental examinations (IEE). If implementing partners are in doubt about whether a planned activity requires preparation of an ERC, they should contact their Contracting Officer’s Representative (COR)/Agreement Officer’s Representative (AOR) for clarification. In turn, the COR/AOR should contact their Mission Environmental Officer (MEO) if they have any questions. In special circumstances and with approval of the BEO it is possible to have one very comprehensive ERC/EMMP for multiple projects if they are similar in scope. (When preparing the ERC/EMMP, please indicate “not applicable” for items that have no bearing on the activity. The ERC/EMMP should be completed by an environmental specialist. The ERC/EMMP must be completed and approved prior to the activity beginning.)

A. Activity and Site Information Project Name: (as stated in the triggering IEE)Mission/Country:DCN of Most Recent Triggering IEE or Amendment:Activity/Site Name:Type of Activity:Name of Reviewer and Summary of Professional Qualifications:Date of Review:

B. Activity Description 1. Activity purpose and need2. Amount of activity3. Location of activity4. Beneficiaries, e.g., size of community, number of school children, etc.5. Number of employees and annual revenue, if this is a business6. Implementation timeframe and schedule7. Detailed description of activity, items that will be purchased (This section should fully

describe what funds are being used for.)8. Detailed description of site, e.g., size of the facility or hectares of land; steps that will be

taken to accomplish the activity;

Mission / Project 1EE.BEU Standard Form: IEE.v3

DCN: 2018-MOL-046

9. Existing or planned certifications, e.g., ISO 14001 EMS, ISO 9000, HCCP, SA 8000, Global Gap, Environmental Product Declarations, Eco Flower, EcoLogo, Cradle to Cradle, UL Environment, GREENGUARD, Fair Trade, Green Seal, LEED, or various Forest Certifications

10. Site map, e.g., provide an image from Google Earth of the location11. Photos of site, items to be purchased, engineering construction plans (when available)

C. Activity-Specific Baseline Environmental Conditions 1. Population characteristics2. Geography3. Natural resources, e.g., nearby forest/protected areas, ground and surface water resources4. Current land use and owner of land5. Proximity to public facilities, e.g. schools, hospitals, etc.6. Other relevant description of current environmental conditions in proximity to the activity

D. Legal, Regulatory, and Permitting Requirements1. National environmental impact assessment requirements for this activity2. Applicable National or local permits for this activity, responsible party, and schedule for

obtaining them:

Permit Type Responsible party ScheduleZoningBuilding/ConstructionSource Material ExtractionWaste DisposalWastewaterStorm Water ManagementAir QualityWater UseHistorical or Cultural PreservationWetlands or Water bodiesThreatened or Endangered SpeciesOther

3. Additional National, European Union, or other international environmental laws, conventions, standards with which the activity might be required to complya. Air emission standardsb. Water discharge standardsc. Solid waste disposal or storage regulationsd. Hazardous waste storage and disposale. Historical or cultural preservationf. Other

E. Engineering Safety and Integrity (for Sections E. and F., provide a discussion for any of the listed issues that are yes answers and likely to have a bearing on this activity)

2EE.BEU Standard Form: IEE.v3

DCN: 2018-MOL-046

1. Will the activity be required to adhere to formal engineering designs/plans? Have these been or will they be developed by a qualified engineer? If yes, attach the plans to the ERC/EMMP.

2. Do designs/plans effectively and comprehensively address:a. Management of storm water runoff and its effects?b. Reuse, recycling, and disposal of construction debris and by-products?c. Energy efficiency and/or preference for renewable energy sources?d. Pollution prevention and cleaner production measures?e. Maximum reliance on green building or green land-use approaches?f. Emergency response planning?g. Mitigation or avoidance of occupational safety and health hazards?h. Environmental management of mobilization and de-mobilization?i. Capacity of the host country recipient organization to sustain the

environmental management aspects of the activity after closure and handover?3. Are there known geological hazards, e.g., faults, landslides, or unstable soil

structure, which could affect the activity? If so, how will the project ensure structural integrity?

4. Will the site require grading, trenching, or excavation? Will the activity generate borrow pits? If so, how will these be managed during implementation and closure?

5. Will the activity cause interference with the current drainage systems or conditions? Will it increase the risk of flooding?

6. Will the activity interfere with above- or below-ground utility transmission lines, e.g., communications, water, sewer, or natural gas?

7. Will the activity potentially interfere with vehicle or pedestrian traffic? 8. Does the activity increase the risk of fire, explosion, or hazardous chemical

releases?9. Does the activity require disposal or retrofitting of polychlorinated biphenyl-

containing equipment, e.g., transformers or florescent light ballasts?

F. Environment, Health, and Safety Consequences 1. Potential impacts to public health and well-being

a. Will the activity require temporary or permanent property land taking?b. Will activities require temporary or permanent human resettlement?c. Will area residents and/or workers be exposed to pesticides, fertilizer, or other

toxic substances, e.g., as a result of farming or manufacturing? If yes, then there should be an approved, current PERSUAP on file and discuss how it will be used in this situation. If so, how will the project:

i. Ensure that these chemicals do not contaminate ground or surface water? ii. Ensure that workers use protective clothing and equipment to prevent

exposure?iii. Control releases of these substances to air, water, and land?iv. Restrict access to the site to reduce the potential for human exposure?


DCN: 2018-MOL-046

d. Will the activity generate pesticide, chemical, or industrial wastes? Could these wastes potentially contaminate soil, groundwater or surface water?

e. Will chemical containers be stored at the site? f. Does the activity remove asbestos-containing materials or use of building

materials that may contain asbestos, formaldehyde, or other toxic materials? Can the project certify that building materials are non-toxic? If so, how will these wastes be disposed of?

g. Will the activity generate other solid or hazardous wastes such as construction debris, dry or wet cell batteries, florescent tubes, aerosol cans, paint, solvents, etc.? If so, how will this waste be disposed of?

h. Will the activity generate nontoxic, nonhazardous solid wastes (subsequently requiring land resources for disposal)?

i. Will the activity pose the need to handle and dispose of medical wastes? If so, describe measures of ensuring occupational and public health and safety, both onsite and offsite.

j. Does the activity provide a new source of drinking water for a community? If so, how will the project monitor water quality in accordance with health standards?

k. Will the activity potentially disturb soil contaminated with toxic or hazardous materials?

l. Will activities, e.g., construction, refurbishment, demolition, or blasting, result in increased noise or light pollution, which could adversely affect the natural or human environment?

2. Atmospheric and air quality impactsa. Will the activity result in increased emission of air pollutants from a vent or as

fugitive releases, e.g., soot, sulfur dioxide, oxides of nitrogen, volatile organic compounds, methane.

b. Will the activity involve burning of wood or biomass? c. Will the activity install, operate, maintain, or decommission systems containing

ozone depleting substances, e.g., freon or other refrigerants?d. Will the activity generate an increase in carbon emissions?e. Will the activity increase odor and/or noise?

3. Water quality changes and impacts a. How far is the site located from the nearest river, stream, or lake?(Non-yes/no

question)b. Will the activity disturb wetland, lacustrine, or riparian areas?c. What is the depth to groundwater at the site? (Non-yes/no question)d. Will the activity result in increased ground or surface water extraction? If so,

what are the volumes? Permit requirements? (Non-yes/no question)e. Will the activity discharge domestic or industrial sewage to surface, ground

water, or publicly-owned treatment facility?f. Does the activity result in increased volumes of storm water run-off and/or is

there potential for discharges of potentially contaminated (including suspended solids) storm water?


DCN: 2018-MOL-046

g. Will the activity result in the runoff of pesticides, fertilizers, or toxic chemicals into surface water or groundwater?

h. Will the activity result in discharge of livestock wastes such as manure or blood into surface water?

i. Does the site require excavation, placing of fill, or substrate removal (e.g., gravel) from a river, stream or lake?

4. Land use changes and impactsa. Will the activity convert fallow land to agricultural land?b. Will the activity convert forest land to agricultural land?c. Will the activity convert agricultural land to commercial, industrial, or

residential uses?d. Will the activity require onsite storage of liquid fuels or hazardous materials in

bulk quantities?e. Will the activity result in natural resource extraction, e.g., granite, limestone,

coal, lignite, oil, or gas?f. Will the activity alter the viewshed of area residents or others?

5. Impacts to forestry, biodiversity, protected areas and endangered speciesa. Is the site located adjacent to a protected area, national park, nature preserve, or wildlife

refuge?b. Is the site located in or near threatened or endangered (T&E) species habitat? Is there a

plan for identifying T&E species during activity implementation? If T&E species are identified during implementation, is there a formal process for halting work, avoiding impacts, and notifying authorities?

c. Is the site located in a migratory bird flight or other animal migratory pathway?d. Will the activity involve harvesting of non-timber forest products, e.g., mushrooms,

medicinal and aromatic plants (MAPs), herbs, or woody debris?e. Will the activity involve tree removal or logging? If so, please describe.

6. Historic or cultural resourcesa. Are there cultural or historic sites located at or near the site? If so, what is the distance

from these? What is the plan for avoiding disturbance or notifying authorities?b. Are there unique ethnic or traditional cultures or values present in the site? If so, what

is the applicable preservation plan?

G. Further Analysis of Recommended Actions (Most activities will have a threshold determinations of negative determination with conditions..

1. Categorical Exclusion: The activity is not likely to have an effect on the natural or physical environment. No further environmental review is required.* (This is rarely used in the ERC/EMMP.)

2. Negative Determination with Conditions: The activity does not have potentially significant adverse environmental, health, or safety effects, but may contribute to minor impacts that can be eliminated or adequately minimized by appropriate mitigation measures. ERC/EMMPs shall be developed, approved by the Mission Environmental Officer (MEO) and the BEO prior to beginning the activity, incorporated into workplans, and then implemented. For activities related to the procurement, use, or training related to pesticides, a PERSUAP


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will be prepared for BEO approval, PERSUAPS are considered amendments to the IEE and usually Negative Determination with Conditions. See Sections H and I below.*

3. Positive Determination: The activity has potentially significant adverse environmental effects and requires further analysis of alternatives, solicitation of stakeholder input, and incorporation of environmental considerations into activity design. A Scoping Statement (SS) must be prepared and be submitted to the BEO for approval. Following BEO approval of the SS an Environmental Assessment (EA) will be conducted. The activity may not be implemented until the BEO clears the final EA. If the Parent IEE does not have Positive Determination as one of the threshold determinations, the IEE needs to be amended.

4. Activity Cancellation: The activity poses significant and unmitigable adverse environmental effects. Adequate ERC/EMMPs cannot be developed to eliminate these effects and alternatives are not feasible. The project is not recommended for funding.

*Note regarding applicability related to Pesticides (216.2(e): The exemptions of §216.2(b)(l) and the categorical exclusions of §216.2(c)(2) such as technical assistance, education, and training are not applicable to assistance for the procurement or use of pesticides.

H. EMMPs (Using the format provided belowlist the processes that comprise the activity, then for each, identify impacts requiring further consideration, and for each impact describe the mitigation and monitoring measures that will be implemented to avoid or adequately minimize the impacts. All environment, health, and safety impacts requiring further consideration, which were identified in Section F., should be addressed)

1. Activity-specific environmental mitigation plan (Upon request, the MEO may be able to provide your project with example EMMPs that are specific to your activity.)

Processes IdentifiedEnvironmenta

lImpacts

Do the Impacts Require Further Consideration?

Mitigation Measures

Monitoring Indicators

List all the processes that comprise the activity(s) (e.g. asbestos roof removal, installation of toilets, remove and replace flooring) A line should

A single process may have several potential impacts—provide a separate line for each.

For each impact, indícate Yes or No; if No, provide justification, e.g.,:(1) There are no applicable legal requirements including permits or reporting and(2) There is no relevant community concern and(3) Pollution prevention is not feasible or practical and

For each impact requiring further consideration, describe the mitigation measures that will avoid or adequately minimize the impact. (If mitigation measures are well-specified in the IEE, quote directly from IEE.)

Specify indicators to (1) determine if mitigation is in place and (2) successful.

For example, visual inspections for seepage around pit latrine; sedimentation at stream crossings, etc.)


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Processes IdentifiedEnvironmenta

lImpacts

Do the Impacts Require Further Consideration?

Mitigation Measures

Monitoring Indicators

be included for each process.

(4) Does not pose a risk because of low severity, frequency, or duration

2. Activity-specific monitoring planMonitoring Indicators Monitoring and

Reporting FrequencyResponsible

PartiesRecords

GeneratedSpecify indicators to (1) determine if mitigation is in place and (2) successful (for example, visual inspections for seepage around pit latrine; sedimentation at stream crossings, etc.)(Taken from column 5 of the environmental mitigation plan above.)

For example:“Monitor weekly, and report in quarterly reports. If XXX occurs, immediately inform USAID COR/AOR.”

Separate parties responsible for mitigation from those responsible for reporting, whenever appropriate,

If appropriate, describe types of records generated by the mitigation, monitoring, and reporting process.


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ERC/EMMP ANNEX 1Certification of No Adverse or Significant Effects on the Environment

I, the undersigned, certify that activity-specific baseline conditions and applicable environmental requirements have been properly assessed; environment, health, and safety impacts requiring further consideration have been comprehensively identified; and that adverse impacts will be effectively avoided or sufficiently minimized by proper implementation of the EMMP(s) in Section H. If new impacts requiring further consideration are identified or new mitigation measures are needed, I will be responsible for notifying the USAID COR/AOR, as soon as practicable. Upon completion of activities, I will submit a Record of Compliance with Activity-Specific EMMPs using the format provided in ERC Annex 2.

_________________________________________Implementer Project Director/COP Name

_____________________________Date

Approvals:

_________________________________________USAID COR/AOR Name

_______________________________Date

_________________________________________Mission Environmental Officer Name

_______________________________Date

Concurrence:

_________________________________________Mark Kamiya, Bureau Environmental Officer

_______________________________Date

Distribution: Project Files IEE Files


DCN: to be assigned by BEU

ERC/EMMP ANNEX 2RECORD OF COMPLIANCE WITH ACTIVITY-SPECIFIC

ENVIRONMENTAL MITIGATION AND MONITORING PLANS (EMMPs)

Subject: Site or Activity Name/Primary ProjectIEE DCN:To: COR/AOR/Activity Manager NameCopy: Mission Environmental Officer NameDate:

The [name of the implementing organization] has finalized its activities at the [site name] to [describe activities and processes that were undertaken]. This memorandum is to certify that our organization has met all conditions of the EMMPs for this activity. A summary and photo evidence of the how mitigation and monitoring requirements were met is provided below.

1. Mobilization and Site Preparation

2. Activity Implementation Phase

3. Site Closure Phase

4. Activity Handover

Sincerely,

_________________________________________

Implementer Project Director/COP Name

____________________________Date

Approved:

_____________________________________USAID/COR/AOR/Activity Manager Name

____________________________Date

Distribution: Project Files MEO Bureau Environmental Officer


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