ecclesiastical architecture in the episcopal...

Ecclesiastical Architecture in the

Episcopal Church

Richard C. Sauerzopf, 2008

Original Gothic

St. Luke’s Church, Smithfield

Isle of Wight County, Virginia

1632

• Historic St. Luke's

Church, c. 1632,

affectionately known

as "the Old Brick", is

the "Oldest surviving

church of English

foundation in America"

and the only original

Gothic church in the

USA. Originally an

Anglican church, after

the Revolutionary War

it was consecrated

Episcopal.

• www.virginia.org

Georgian Style

Bruton Parish Church, Colonial

Williamsburg, Virginia

1715

• Bruton Parish Church,Colonial Williamsburg,Virginia

• “In 1706 the vestry began consideringbuilding a larger church, and four yearslater the General Assembly agreed to fundpews for the governor, council, andburgesses. Governor Alexander Spotswooddrafted plans for the structure: a cruciform-shaped church (the first in Virginia) 75 feetlong, 28 feet wide, with 19 foot longtransepts (wings.) Construction gotunderway under the watchful eye of JamesBlair, rector from 1710 to 1743 and alsopresident of William and Mary, and wasfinished in 1715. The church soon had allthe required furnishings: Bible, prayerbooks, altar, font, cushions, surplice, bell,and reredos tablets.” (Church website.)

• bobindrums' photostream. www.flickr.com.

• Bruton Parish Church, Colonial Williamsburg, Virginia

• Eighteenth Century Interior (Restored).

• bobindrums' photostream. www.flickr.com.

Aquia Church

Stafford County, Virginia

1757

• Aquia Church. Stafford County, Virginia 1757• erjkprunczyk's photostream. www.flickr.com

• Aquia Church. Stafford County, Virginia 1757• colonialchurches.blogspot.com

Christ Church Alexandria

Alexandria, Virginia

1773

• Christ ChurchAlexandria.

• Photo by Mathias_T. Panoramio WebAlbums.

• Christ Church Alexandria. Interior view.• Photo by Kerry. Picassa Web Albums.

Christ Church, Boston

(Old North Church)

1723

• Christ Church,

Boston

• glasshalffull91's photostream.

www.flickr.com.

• Christ Church, Boston• glasshalffull91's photostream. www.flickr.com.

Victorian Gothic Revival

St. James’s Cathedral

Chicago, Illinois

1857

(Substantially Restored: 1871)

• St. James’s Cathedral,Chicago.

• “This is the oldestEpiscopal Church (1857)in Chicago [reconstructedafter great fire of 1871]and one of the oldestbuildings in the city. Thestyle is "Victorian" Gothicrevival with a handsomebell tower.”

• Photo and quote:www.shipoffools.com

• St. James’s Cathedral, Chicago.

• Interior View

• Photo www.lensimpressions.net

Gordon Lloyd’s “American

Gothic” Style

Christ Church, Detroit (1860)

Trinity Church, Columbus (1869)

• Christ Church, Detroit.• “The [present] building was designed by architect Gordon W. Lloyd [1860], who made a specialty of

churches, and was particularly interested in what he termed "American Gothic". Using sandstone andlimestone, Lloyd orchestrated the creation of a radiant church edifice.” Church Website.

• Photo: www.michigan.gov

• Christ Church, Detroit. Interior View.• Church Website

• Trinity Church, Columbus. (Duplicate of Christ Church, Detroit. Towerincomplete.)

• srhbth's photostream. www.flickr.com.

Gothic Revival

Trinity Church, Wall Street

New York City

1846

• Trinity Church,

Wall Street. New

York City.

• The Church tower, as it

defines the head of Wall

Street. “There have been

three Trinity Church

buildings at Broadway and

Wall Street. The present

Trinity Church, designed by

Richard Upjohn and

consecrated on Ascension

Day in 1846, is considered

a classic example of Gothic

Revival architecture and is

listed on the National

Register of Historic Places.”

(Trinity Church Website.)

• freti's photostream, www.flickr.com

• Trinity Church, Wall Street. View of churchyard.• Lapicero's photostream, www.flickr.com

• Trinity Church, Wall Street. Interior view.• ·BigGolf·'s photostream, www.flickr.com

• Trinity Church, Wall

Street. New York City.

Reredos and altar.

• d4vidbruce's photostream. www.flickr.com

Grace Church, Broadway

New York City

1843

• Grace Church,Broadway, NewYork City.

• “In 1843 the land under the currentGrace Church was purchased fromHenry Brevoort. The 23 year oldarchitect James Renwick, Jr.--anephew of Henry Brevoort--whosesole completed work at the timewas the Bowling Green Fountain,was commissioned as the architect.A few later works by Renwickinclude St. Patrick_ Cathedral, theSmithsonian Institution castle, andSt Ann_ Church (now part ofPacker Institute) in Brooklyn.”(Official Church Website.)

• Jim in Times Square's photostream,www.flickr.com.

• Grace Church, Broadway. Interior view.• senatorpeter6's photostream, www.flickr.com

• Grace Church, Broadway. Reredos.• “The reredos, with mosaic figures of the evangelists, is made of French and Italian Marble and Caen Stone, and shows the

four Gospel writers, Matthew, Mark, Luke and John, flanking the Risen Christ as he gives the great commission, “Go intoall the world and make disciples…” This piece, along with the altar, was designed by James Renwick Jr. and executed byEllin & Kitson in 1878. The Choir furniture was installed in 1903 after the chancel was lengthened an additional fifteen feetin a renovation designed by Heins and La Farge. The next photo is detail of the altar floor.”

• Photo and text: Official Church Website

Cathedral of All Saints

Albany, New York

1882

• Cathedral of

All Saints• Original architectural

sketch. Robert Wilson

Gibson, 1882.

• Cathedral website.

• Cathedral of All Saints• Original architectural sketch. Robert Wilson Gibson, 1882.

• Cathedral website.

• Cathedral of All Saints• Interior view looking past rood screen into choir and

sanctuary. Mosaic choir floor was salvaged from a ruinedmedieval church in Italy.

St. Thomas’s, New York

1914

• St. Thomas's Church.

New York City

• (1908-1914), Cram, Goodhue &

Ferguson

• St. Thomas's Church.

New York City

• Interior View

• Josh's Public Gallery. Picasa Web

Galleries

Church of the Intercession

New York City

1872

• Church of the Intercession, New York City.

• “The Church of the Intercession was established in

1847... In 1872, Intercession built a Gothic church on

the corner of 154th Street and Tenth Avenue

(Broadway), as designed by Rembrandt Lockwood.

Within a few years, the arrival of the IRT subway

brought about a huge increase in area population, but

Intercession could not afford to build a larger church.

They turned to Trinity Church, which agreed to

support Intercession by making it their cemetery

chapel. [It was then that the present structure,

designed by Cram, Goodhue, and Ferguson, was

completed.] In 1976, the Chapel of the Intercession

became the Church of the Intercession once again

after receiving its independence from Trinity Church.”

• Text from www.nycago.org. Photo from NYPL Image Archives.

• Church of the Intercession.• www.nycago.org.

St. Paul’s Cathedral

Detroit, Michigan

1911

• St. Paul’s Cathedral, Detroit.• 1907-1911“Neo-Gothic English Perpendicular Style” Ralph Adams Cram. Note, Cathedral construction is

largely complete, save for bell tower at Great Crossing which, if completed, will more than double the height ofthe structure.

• Photo: www.wickipedia.com

• St. Paul’s Cathedral, Detroit.

• Interior view showing Choir and Raphael Tapestry.• churchgeek's photostream. www.flickr.com


• Interior view showing Lectern.Statues on lectern are icons ofbiblical teachers and canonizedbiblical scholars, including St.Jerome.

• All woodwork in the Choir andSanctuary, with few exceptions,was carved as a set by a mastercarver from Oberammergau, andwas displayed in the BostonMuseum of Art prior to thecompletion of the Cathedralstructure.

• churchgeek's photostream. www.flickr.com


• Interior view showing Cathedraand Aubrey.



• Reredos. Large figures are 4 1/2 foot tall icons of Sts. Paul and Peter, the Blessed Virgin, Christthe King, St. John, St. Augustine of Rome (Briton) and St. Columba.



• Interior view. High Altarwith “West Facing Altar”

• High Altar surface marbleslab includes “relic” insetstones from CanterburyCathedral.


• St. Paul’s Cathedral,Detroit.

• Interior view. From theGospel side of the Choir,looking west.



• Interior view.

• Carvings on the Ambo areicons of great biblical andcanonized preachers, includingJohn the Baptist and St. Paul.



• Interior view. Ceiling of GreatCrossing and Chancel.


Grace Cathedral

San Francisco, California

1928

• Grace Cathedral, San

Francisco.

• 1928. Designed in French

Gothic style by Lewis Hobart, it

was completed in 1964 as the

third largest Episcopal cathedral

in the nation. (Church Website)

• Photo: www.shipoffools.com

• Grace Cathedral, San Francisco. Interior view.• trent_maynard's photostream. www.flickr.com

• Grace Cathedral, San

Francisco. Interior view.

• trent_maynard's photostream.

www.flickr.com

Romanesque Churches

Trinity Church, Copley Square

Boston, Massachusetts

• Trinity Church, Copley Square. Boston.• “Dedicated in 1877, Trinity presented a bold, fresh new face and feeling for ecclesiastical architecture

in America. The Church continues to be heralded today as a celebrated example of "RichardsonianRomanesque" design, named after its architect, H. H. Richardson.” (Church website.)

• sissnitz's photostream. www.flickr.com

• Trinity Church, CopleySquare. Boston.

• Out of the Grey's photostream.www.flickr.com

Trinity Episcopal Church

San Francisco

1892

• Trinity Church. San Francisco, California• Trinity Church, established in 1849, is the oldest Episcopal church on the Pacific Coast. …The present edifice, the fourth,

was built here on the corner of Gough and Bush in 1892 after a design based on Durham Cathedral in England.

• Punkmonksf’s photo stream. www.flickr.com

• Trinity Church. San Francisco, California• Punkmonksf’s photo stream. www.flickr.com

St. Joseph’s Episcopal Church

Detroit, Michigan

1896

• St. Joseph’s EpiscopalChurch, Detroit.

• This RichardsonianRomanesque church wasbuilt in 1896 for anEpiscopal congregation [St.Joseph’s]. In 1907 it becameHoly Rosary, a Catholicparish.The building wasdesigned by the notedarchitectural firm ofMalcolmson andHigginbotham, which wasresponsible for severalchurches and schoolbuildings in the city.!

• pinehurst19475's photostream.www.flickr.com.

• St. Joseph’s Episcopal Church, (OurLady of the Holy Rosary/AKA, HolyRosary Church) Detroit.

• Western (Woodward Avenue) entrance. Thechurch is orientated.

• The interior of the church, once quite ornate, wasextensively modernized in the years followingthe Second Vatical Council. The structuretherefore no longer maintains a distinct choir andsanctuary but, rather, is arranged “in the round.”

• pinehurst19475's photostream. www.flickr.com.

• St. Joseph’s Episcopal Church, (OurLady of the Holy Rosary/AKA, HolyRosary Church) Detroit.

• Memorial Chapel. The original church, built in 1884,soon proved to be too small for the growingcongregation, but was retained as a memorial chapel.There are at least two other Episcopal churches inDetroit, St. John’s, Detroit, and Christ Church,Detroit, which also retain earlier and smaller churchbuildings as adjunct chapels.

• pinehurst19475's photostream. www.flickr.com.

Trinity Church, Newcastle

Newcastle, Pennsylvania

1901

• Trinity Church, Newcastle, Pennsylvania. 1901• www.waymarking.com

Romanesque Churches that

Weren’t

• H. H. Richardson’s

unsuccessful entry for

the Albany Cathedral

design competition.

• Note: In consolation,

Richardson did manage to win

the commission for Albany’s

City Hall.

• Albany Cathedral Website

• H. H. Richardson’s unsuccessful entry for the Albany Cathedral designcompetition. South Façade.

• Albany Cathedral Website

• H. H. Richardson’s proposal for St. John the Divine Cathedral in New York. West andSouth Façades.

• www.shadylantern.com

A Future Vision, Aborted

Christ the King Cathedral

Kalamazoo, Michigan

Mid 20th Century

• Christ the King Cathedral, Kalamazoo, Diocese ofWestern Michigan. Parishioners enter Cathedral for lastservice. 2007.

• Christ the King Cathedral, Kalamazoo, Diocese ofWestern Michigan. Interior view.

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