ecat law book domain names

ECTA LAW BOOK X

DOMAIN NAMES

ECTA Secretariat: Rue des Colonies 18/24, Box 8, 9th Floor, BE-1000 Brussels, Belgium

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ECTA LAW BOOK X

DOMAIN NAMES

© ECTA February 2014 No part of this book may be reproduced in any form, by print, photocopy, microfilm or any other means, without the prior written permission of the publisher. This document is meant purely as a documentation tool and ECTA does not assume any liability for its contents.

CONTENTS I. FOREWORD…………………………………………………………1 II. REGULATIONS…………………………………………………..…7 Part 1

- Regulation (EC) No. 733/2002 of the European Parliament and of the Council of 22 April 2002 on the implementation of the .eu Top Level Domain ....................................................................................................... 9 Part 2

- Regulation (EC) No. 874/2004 of 28 April 2004 laying down public policy rules concerning the implementation and functions of the .eu Top Level Domain and principles governing registration ............................... 21 Part 3

- Regulation (EC) No 1654/2005 of 10 October 2005 amending Regulation (EC) No 874/2004 laying down public policy rules concerning the implementation and functions of the .eu Top Level Domain and the principles governing registration .................................................................. 43 Part 4

- Regulation (EC) No 1255/2007 of 25 October 2007 amending Commission Regulation (EC) No 874/2004 laying down public policy rules concerning the implementation and functions of the .eu Top Level Domain and the principles governing registration ................................... 63 Part 5

- Regulation (EC) No 560/2009 of 26 June 2009 amending Regulation (EC) No 874/2004 laying down public policy rules concerning the implementation and functions of the .eu Top Level Domain and the principles governing registration .............................................................. 83 III. EURID (WWW.EURID.EU) ....................................................... 125 Part 1

- Terms and Conditions ..................................................................... 127 Part 2

- Registration Policy .......................................................................... 145

http://eu.adr.eu/html/en/eu_tld/related_documents/874.pdf















http://www.eurid.eu/

IV. ARBITRATION CENTER (WWW.ADR.EU) ............................. 161 Part 1

- ADR Rules ....................................................................................... 163 Part 2

- ADR Supplemental Rules …………………………………………….191 V. OVERVIEW OF CAC PANEL VIEWS ON SEVERAL

QUESTIONS OF THE ALTERNATIVE DISPUTE RESOLUTION FOR .EU DOMAIN NAME DISPUTES, CZECH ARBITRATION COURT, IN COLLABORATION WITH PROF. DR. THOMAS HOEREN, ASS. JUR. MATTHIAS FÖRSTERLING, LL.M. / MGR. TEREZA BARTOŠKOVÁ .......................................................... 207

VI. DECISIONS ON .EU: JUNE 2007 THROUGH JUNE 2013:

CATEGORIZATION – MARIE-EMMANUELLE HAAS .............. 257

http://www.adr.eu/

© ECTA February 2014 1

I. FOREWORD

2 © ECTA February 2014


I. Foreword After the first initiative to establish a European top-level domain (TLD) had already been taken in 1999 by the European Council, the .eu TLD was approved by ICANN in March 2005 and subsequently opened for registration in December 2005. The purpose of the creation of this European TLD results from recital 6 of Regulation (EC) No. 733/2002 of 22 April 2002: “Through the .eu TLD, the Internal market should acquire higher visibility in the virtual market place based on the Internet. The .eu TLD should provide a clearly identified link with the Community, the associated legal framework, and the European market place. It should enable undertakings, organisations and natural persons within the Community to register in a specific domain which will make this link obvious. As such, the .eu TLD will not only be a key building block for electronic commerce in Europe but will also support the objectives of Article 14 of the Treaty”. Today, roughly eight years after its implementation the .eu TLD is well established in the world’s digital landscape and enjoys a good acceptance by the users. It results from the statistics provided by EURid, the registry that manages the .eu country code top-level domain, in its Quarterly report (First Quarter 2013)

1, that more than 3.7 million .eu

names are currently registered. Accordingly, .eu is ranked as the world’s eleventh largest TLD (July 2013).The renewal rates remain strong at an average of 79% (First Quarter 2013) which is roughly in line with the renewal rates of around 80-82,9% in the last years. It is also interesting to note that many companies and brands use a .eu website for their business, including Bridgestone, Fairtrade International, Foot Locker, Hyundai, Louis Vuitton, MAN Group, Microsoft Corporation, Orangina, Toyota, UniCredit Group and many others. An important innovation introduced into the international legal framework ruling TLDs by Regulation (EC) No. 874/2004 of 28 April 2004 laying down public policy rules concerning the implementation and functions of the .eu TLD and principles governing registration (subsequently amended by three Regulations reproduced in this book) is to be noted: in fact this Regulation does not only entitle right holders who believe they have a right to a domain name to contest the registration of that domain name if the current holder has registered the name for speculative or abusive purposes but additionally grants those right holders the choice to either enforce their rights through Alternative Dispute Resolution proceedings (.eu ADR) or through ordinary legal proceedings before the competent national court.

1 http://www.eurid.eu/files/publ/quarterly_2013_Q1.pdf

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/ICANN





The .eu ADR procedure is administered very effectively by the Czech Arbitration Court (CAC) that was selected as the exclusive .eu ADR Provider by EURid and the European Commission. Established in 1949, the CAC is an independent Not For Profit organisation based in Prague and attached to the Economic Chamber of the Czech Republic and Agricultural Chamber of the Czech Republic. The CAC established an efficient system for .eu ADR and offers this service in the 24 official and working languages. The proceedings are conducted in a fast and convenient way by electronic means only, using the CAC’s specific on-line platform (www.adr.eu). Both, the CAC and EURid regularly take initiatives to render the .eu TLD and the .eu ADR system more attractive for users and more competitive in the European digital landscape, including initiatives to lower the cost of the procedures. While right holders rarely bring their .eu TLD cases before ordinary national courts, close to 1,000 proceedings have been brought before the CAC and more than 900 decisions have been issued and published, according to the statistics provided by the CAC, since the initiation of the first .eu ADR proceeding in March 2006. Cases take an average of four months to be resolved. The CAC Panels developed consensus or clear majority views on many legal topics. However, there are other topics, where the Panels’ views diverge. Differences of opinion amongst the Panels may be due to the Panelists’ different legal background since they originate from many different states. Furthermore, decisions are to be taken in consideration of the specific circumstances of any single case and those circumstances might not always be comparable. However, legal certainty and predictability of decisions is essential for the successful functioning of the .eu ADR system and therefore for the further acceptance and development of the .eu ADR system and consequently of the .eu TLD. In the light of the above, this book presents two important initiatives intended to facilitate the parties and Panels involved in an .eu ADR proceeding not only systematic access to relevant CAC decisions but also to guide parties and Panels for the identification of consensus views and minority opinions among the CAC Panels concerning frequently rising questions: (1) an overview of CAC Panel views on several questions of the .eu ADR domain name disputes prepared by the Institute for Information-, Telecommunication- and Media Law (Münster, Germany) and (2) a categorization of .eu ADR decisions published between June 2007 and June 2013 compiled by Marie-Emmanuelle Haas (Paris, France). It is hoped that users of the .eu ADR system may welcome these contributions and benefit from them.


It will be interesting to observe if and how the .eu TLD will be able to defend its position in the domain name space as one of the worlds important TLDs and which further initiatives will be taken for that purpose. One thing, however, already seems clear at this stage: the imminent release of hundreds of new gTLDs that constitutes the most important change of the internet since its creation will certainly increase competition amongst the well established “old” TLDs and these so-called new TLDs. This will certainly be a new challenge for the .eu TLD. We wish to offer a special thank you to Tobias Malte Mueller for the invaluable contribution he made to this book

Domenico de Simone ECTA President

Marie-Emmanuelle Haas Chair of ECTA Internet Committee


II. REGULATIONS


Part 1

Regulation (EC) No. 733/2002 of the European Parliament and of the Council of 22 April 2002 on the implementation of the .eu Top Level Domain




REGULATIONS Part 1


REGULATION (EC) No 733/2002 OF THE EUROPEAN PARLIAMENT AND OF THE COUNCIL

of 22 April 2002

on the implementation of the .eu Top Level Domain

(Text with EEA relevance)

THE EUROPEAN PARLIAMENT AND THE COUNCIL OF THE EUROPEAN UNION, Having regard to the Treaty establishing the European Community, and in particular Article 156 thereof, Having regard to the proposal from the Commission

1,

Having regard to the opinion of the Economic and Social Committee

2,

Following consultation of the Committee of the Regions, Acting in accordance with the procedure laid down in Article 251 of the Treaty

3,

Whereas: (1) The creation of the .eu Top Level Domain (TLD) is included as one of the targets to accelerate electronic commerce in the e-Europe initiative as endorsed by the European Council at its meeting in Lisbon on 23 and 24 March 2000. (2) The communication from the Commission to the Council and the European Parliament on the organisation and management of the Internet refers to the creation of the .eu TLD and the Council resolution of 3 October 2000 on the organisation and management of the Internet

4

charges the Commission to encourage the coordination of policies in relation to the management of the Internet.

1 OJ C 96 E, 27.3.2001, p. 333.

2 OJ C 155, 29.5.2001, p. 10.

3 Opinion of the European Parliament of 4 July 2001 (OJ C 65 E, 14.3.2002, p.

147), Council Common Position of 6 November 2001 (OJ C 45 E, 19.2.2002, p. 53) and Decision of the European Parliament of 28 February 2002 (not yet published in the Official Journal). Council Decision of 25 March 2002. 4 OJ C 293, 14.10.2000, p. 3.


(3) TLDs are an integral part of the Internet infrastructure. They are an essential element of the global interoperability of the World Wide Web (‘WWW’ or ‘the Web’). The connection and presence permitted by the allocation of domain names and the related addresses allow users to locate computers and websites on the Web. TLDs are also an integral part of every Internet e-mail address. (4) The .eu TLD should promote the use of, and access to, the Internet networks and the virtual market place based on the Internet, in accordance with Article 154(2) of the Treaty, by providing a complementary registration domain to existing country code Top Level Domains (ccTLDs) or global registration in the generic Top Level Domains, and should in consequence increase choice and competition. (5) The .eu TLD should improve the interoperability of trans-European networks, in accordance with Articles 154 and 155 of the Treaty, by ensuring the availability of .eu name servers in the Community. This will affect the topology and technical infrastructure of the Internet in Europe which will benefit from an additional set of name servers in the Community. (6) Through the .eu TLD, the Internal market should acquire higher visibility in the virtual market place based on the Internet. The .eu TLD should provide a clearly identified link with the Community, the associated legal framework, and the European market place. It should enable undertakings, organisations and natural persons within the Community to register in a specific domain which will make this link obvious. As such, the .eu TLD will not only be a key building block for electronic commerce in Europe but will also support the objectives of Article 14 of the Treaty. (7) The .eu TLD can accelerate the benefits of the information society in Europe as a whole, play a role in the integration of future Member States into the European Union, and help combat the risk of digital divide with neighbouring countries. It is therefore to be expected that this Regulation will be extended to the European Economic Area and that amendments may be sought to the existing arrangements between the European Union and European third countries, with a view to accommodating the requirements of the .eu TLD so that entities in those countries may participate in it. (8) This Regulation is without prejudice to Community law in the field of personal data protection. This Regulation should be implemented in compliance with the principles relating to privacy and the protection of personal data. (9) Internet management has generally been based on the principles of non-interference, self-management and self regulation. To the extent

REGULATIONS Part 1


possible and without prejudice to Community law, these principles should also apply to the .eu ccTLD. The implementation of the .eu TLD may take into consideration best practices in this regard and could be supported by voluntary guidelines or codes of conduct where appropriate. (10) The establishment of the .eu TLD should contribute to the promotion of the European Union image on the global information networks and bring an added value to the Internet naming system in addition to the national ccTLDs. (11) The objective of this Regulation is to establish the conditions of implementation of the .eu TLD, to provide for the designation of a Registry and establish the general policy framework within which the Registry will function. National ccTLDs are not covered by this Regulation. (12) The Registry is the entity charged with the organisation, administration and management of the .eu TLD, including maintenance of the corresponding databases and the associated public query services, the accreditation of Registrars, the registration of domain names applied for by accredited Registrars, the operation of the TLD name servers and the dissemination of TLD zone files. Public query services associated with the TLD are referred to as ‘Who is’ queries. ‘Who is’-type databases should be in conformity with Community law on data protection and privacy. Access to these databases provides information on a domain name holder and is an essential tool in boosting user confidence. (13) After publishing a call for expressions of interest in the Official Journal of the European Communities, the Commission should, on the basis of an open, transparent and non-discriminatory selection procedure, designate a Registry. The Commission should enter into a contract with the selected Registry which should specify the conditions applying to the Registry for the organisation, administration and management of the .eu TLD and which should be limited in time and renewable. (14) The Commission, acting on behalf of the Community, has requested the delegation of the EUcode for the purpose of creating an Internet ccTLD. On 25 September 2000, the Internet Corporation for Assigned Names and Numbers (ICANN) issued a resolution providing that ‘alpha-2 codes are delegable as ccTLDs only in cases where the ISO 3166 Maintenance Agency, on its exceptional reservation list, has issued a reservation of the code that covers any application of ISO 3166-1 that needs a coded representation in the name of the country, territory or area involved’. Such conditions are met by the EUcode which is therefore ‘delegable’ to the Community.


(15) ICANN is at present responsible for coordinating the delegation of codes representing ccTLD to Registries. The Council resolution of 3 October 2000 encourages the implementation of the principles applied to ccTLD Registries adopted by the Governmental Advisory Committee (GAC). The Registry should enter into a contract with ICANN respecting the GAC principles. (16) The adoption of a public policy addressing speculative and abusive registration of domain names should provide that holders of prior rights recognised or established by national and/or Community law and public bodies will benefit from a specific period of time (a ‘sunrise period’) during which the registration of their domain names is exclusively reserved to such holders of prior rights recognised or established by national and/or Community law and public bodies. (17) Domain names should not be revoked arbitrarily. A revocation may, however, be obtained in particular should a domain name be manifestly contrary to public order. The revocation policy should nevertheless provide for a timely and efficient mechanism. (18) Rules should be adopted on the question of bona vacantia to address the status of domain names the registration of which is not renewed or which, for example because of succession law, are left without holder. (19) The new .eu TLD registry should not be empowered to create second-level domains using alpha-2 codes representing countries. (20) Within the framework established by this Regulation, the public policy rules concerning the implementation and functions of the .eu TLD and the public policy principles on registration, various options including the ‘first come, first served’ method should be considered when registration policy is formulated. (21) When reference is made to interested parties, provision should be made for consultation encompassing, in particular, public authorities, undertakings, organisations and natural persons. The Registry could establish an advisory body to organise such consultation. 30.4.2002 EN Official Journal of the European Communities L 113/3 (22) The measures necessary for the implementation of this Regulation, including criteria for the selection procedure of the Registry, the designation of the Registry, as well as the adoption of public policy rules, should be adopted in accordance with Council Decision 1999/468/EC of 28 June 1999 laying down the procedures for the exercise of implementing powers conferred on the Commission

5.

5 OJ L 184, 17.7.1999, p. 23.

REGULATIONS Part 1


(23) Since the objective of the proposed action, namely to implement the .eu TLD, cannot be sufficiently achieved by the Member States and can therefore, by reason of the scale and effects of the action, be better achieved at Community level, the Community may adopt measures, in accordance with the principle of subsidiarity as set out in Article 5 of the Treaty. In accordance with the principle of proportionality as set out in that Article, this Regulation does not go beyond what is necessary in order to achieve that objective, HAVE ADOPTED THIS REGULATION: Article 1 Objective and scope 1. The objective of this Regulation is to implement the .eu country code Top Level Domain (ccTLD) within the Community. The Regulation sets out the conditions for such implementation, including the designation of a Registry, and establishes the general policy framework within which the Registry will function. 2. This Regulation shall apply without prejudice to arrangements in Member States regarding national ccTLDs. Article 2 Definitions For the purposes of this Regulation: (a) ‘Registry’ means the entity entrusted with the organisation, administration and management of the .eu TLD including maintenance of the corresponding databases and the associated public query services, registration of domain names, operation of the Registry of domain names, operation of the Registry TLD name servers and dissemination of TLD zone files; (b) ‘Registrar’ means a person or entity that, via contract with the Registry, provides domain name registration services to registrants. Article 3 Characteristics of the Registry 1. The Commission shall: (a) establish, in accordance with the procedure referred to in Article 6(3), the criteria and the procedure for the designation of the Registry;


(b) designate, in accordance with the procedure referred to in Article 6(2), the Registry after publishing a call for expressions of interest in the Official Journal of the European Communities and after the procedure for such call has been completed; (c) enter into, in accordance with the procedure referred to in Article 6(2), a contract which shall specify the conditions according to which the Commission supervises the organisation, administration and management of the .eu TLD by the Registry. The contract between the Commission and the Registry shall be limited in time and renewable. The Registry may not accept registrations until the registration policy is in place. 2. The Registry shall be a non-profit organisation, formed in accordance with the law of a Member State and having its registered office, central administration and principal place of business within the Community. 3. Having obtained the prior consent of the Commission, the Registry shall enter into the appropriate contract providing for the delegation of the .eu ccTLD code. To this effect the relevant principles adopted by the Governmental Advisory Committee shall be taken into account. 4. The .eu TLD Registry shall not act itself as Registrar. Article 4 Obligations of the Registry 1. The Registry shall observe the rules, policies and procedures laid down in this Regulation and the contracts referred to in Article 3. The Registry shall observe transparent and non-discriminatory procedures. 2. The Registry shall: (a) organise, administer and manage the .eu TLD in the general interest and on the basis of principles of quality, efficiency, reliability and accessibility; (b) register domain names in the .eu TLD through any accredited .eu Registrar requested by any:

(i) undertaking having its registered office, central administration or principal place of business within the Community, or (ii) organisation established within the Community without prejudice to the application of national law, or

REGULATIONS Part 1


(iii) natural person resident within the Community; (c) impose fees directly related to costs incurred; (d) implement the extra-judicial settlement of conflicts policy based on recovery of costs and a procedure to resolve promptly disputes between domain name holders regarding rights relating to names including intellectual property rights as well as disputes in relation to individual decisions by the Registry. This policy shall be adopted in accordance with Article 5(1) and take into consideration the recommendations of the World Intellectual Property Organisation. The policy shall provide adequate procedural guaranties for the parties concerned, and shall apply without prejudice to any court proceeding; L 113/4 EN Official Journal of the European Communities 30.4.2002 (e) adopt procedures for, and carry out, accreditation of .eu Registrars and ensure effective and fair conditions of competition among .eu Registrars; (f) ensure the integrity of the databases of domain names. Article 5 Policy framework 1. After consulting the Registry and following the procedure referred to in Article 6(3), the Commission shall adopt public policy rules concerning the implementation and functions of the .eu TLD and the public policy principles on registration. Public policy shall include: (a) an extra-judicial settlement of conflicts policy; (b) public policy on speculative and abusive registration of domain names including the possibility of registrations of domain names in a phased manner to ensure appropriate temporary opportunities for the holders of prior rights recognised or established by national and/or Community law and for public bodies to register their names; (c) policy on possible revocation of domain names, including the question of bona vacantia, (d) issues of language and geographical concepts; (e) treatment of intellectual property and other rights. 2. Within three months of the entry into force of this Regulation, Member States may notify to the Commission and to the other Member States a limited list of broadly-recognised names with regard to geographical


and/or geopolitical concepts which affect their political or territorial organisation that may either: (a) not be registered, or (b) be registered only under a second level domain according to the public policy rules. The Commission shall notify to the Registry without delay the list of notified names to which such criteria apply. The Commission shall publish the list at the same time as it notifies the Registry. Where a Member State or the Commission within 30 days of publication raises an objection to an item included in a notified list, the Commission shall take measures, in accordance with the procedure referred to in Article 6(3), to remedy the situation. 3. Before starting registration operations, the Registry shall adopt the initial registration policy for the .eu TLD in consultation with the Commission and other interested parties. The Registry shall implement in the registration policy the public policy rules adopted pursuant to paragraph 1 taking into account the exception lists referred to in paragraph 2. 4. The Commission shall periodically inform the Committee referred to in Article 6 on the activities referred to in paragraph 3 of this Article. Article 6 Committee 1. The Commission shall be assisted by the Communications Committee established by Article 22(1) of Directive 2002/21/EC of the European Parliament and of the Council of 7 March 2002 on a common regulatory framework for electronic communications networks and services (Framework Directive)

6. Until the Communications Committee is

established pursuant to Decision 1999/468/EC, the Commission shall be assisted by the Committee established by Article 9 of Council Directive 90/387/EEC of 28 June 1990 on the establishment of the internal market for telecommunication services through the implementation of open network provision

7.

6 OJ L 108, 24.4.2002, p. 33.

7 OJ L 192, 24.7.1990, p. 1. Directive as last amended by Directive 97/51/EC of

the European Parliament and of the Council (OJ L 295, 29.10.1997, p. 23).

REGULATIONS Part 1


2. Where reference is made to this paragraph, Articles 3 and 7 of Decision 1999/468/EC shall apply, having regard to the provisions of Article 8 thereof. 3. Where reference is made to this paragraph, Articles 5 and 7 of Decision 1999/468/EC shall apply, having regard to the provisions of Article 8 thereof. The period laid down in Article 5(6) of Decision 1999/468/EC shall be set at three months. 4. The Committee shall adopt its rules of procedure. Article 7 Reservation of rights The Community shall retain all rights relating to the .eu TLD including, in particular, intellectual property rights and other rights to the Registry databases required to ensure the implementation of this Regulation and the right to re-designate the Registry. Article 8 Implementation report The Commission shall submit a report to the European Parliament and the Council on the implementation, effectiveness and functioning of the .eu TLD one year after the adoption of this Regulation and thereafter every two years.


Article 9 Entry into force This Regulation shall enter into force on the day of its publication in the Official Journal of the European Communities. This Regulation shall be binding in its entirety and directly applicable in all Member States. Done at Luxembourg, 22 April 2002. For the European Parliament The President P. COX For the Council The President M. ARIAS CAÑETE


Part 2

Regulation (EC) No. 874/2004 of 28 April 2004 laying down public policy rules concerning the

implementation and functions of the .eu Top Level Domain and principles governing registration





REGULATIONS PART 2


COMMISSION REGULATION (EC) No 874/2004 of 28 April 2004

laying down public policy rules concerning the implementation and functions of the .eu Top Level Domain and the principles governing

registration

(Text with EEA relevance) THE COMMISSION OF THE EUROPEAN COMMUNITIES, Having regard to the Treaty establishing the European Community, Having regard to Regulation (EC) No 733/2002 of the European Parliament and of the Council of 22 April 2002 on the implementation of the .eu Top Level Domain

1, and in particular Article 5(1) thereof,

Having consulted the Registry in accordance with Article 5(1) of Regulation (EC) No 733/2002, Whereas: (1) The initial implementation stages of the .eu Top Level Domain (TLD), to be created pursuant to Regulation (EC) No 733/2002, have been completed by designating a legal entity, established within the Community to administer and manage the .eu TLD Registry function. The Registry, designated by Commission Decision 2003/375/ EC

2, is required

to be a non-profit organisation that should operate and provide services on a cost covering basis and at an affordable price. (2) Requesting a domain name should be possible through electronic means in a simple, speedy and efficient procedure, in all official languages of the Community, through accredited registrars. (3) Accreditation of registrars should be carried out by the Registry following a procedure that ensures fair and open competition between Registrars. The accreditation process should be objective, transparent and non-discriminatory. Only parties who meet certain basic technical requirements to be determined by the Registry should be eligible for accreditation. (4) Registrars should only accept applications for the registration of domain names filed after their accreditation and should forward them in the chronological order in which they were received.

1 OJ L 113, 30.4.2002, p. 1.

2 OJ L 128, 24.5.2003, p. 29.


(5) To ensure better protection of consumers' rights, and without prejudice to any Community rules concerning jurisdiction and applicable law, the applicable law in disputes between registrars and registrants on matters concerning Community titles should be the law of one of the Member States. (6) Registrars should require accurate contact information from their clients, such as full name, address of domicile, telephone number and electronic mail, as well as information concerning a natural or legal person responsible for the technical operation of the domain name. (7) The Registry policy should promote the use of all the official languages of the Community. (8) Pursuant to Regulation (EC) No 733/2002, Member States may request that their official name and the name under which they are commonly known should not be registered directly under .eu TLD otherwise than by their national government. Countries that are expected to join the European Union later than May 2004 should be enabled to block their official names and the names under which they are commonly known, so that they can be registered at a later date. (9) A Member State should be authorised to designate an operator that will register as a domain name its official name and the name under which it is commonly known. Similarly, the Commission should be authorised to select domain names for use by the institutions of the Community, and to designate the operator of those domain names. The Registry should be empowered to reserve a number of specified domain names for its operational functions. (10) In accordance with Article 5(2) of Regulation (EC) No 733/2002, a number of Member States have notified to the Commission and to other Member States a limited list of broadly-recognised names with regard to geographical and/or geopolitical concepts which affect their political or territorial organisation. Such lists include names that could either not be registered or which could be registered only under the second level domain in accordance with the public policy rules. The names included in these lists are not subject to the first-come first-served principle. (11) The principle of first-come-first-served should be the basic principle for resolving a dispute between holders of prior rights during the phased registration. After the termination of the phased registration the principle of first come first served should apply in the allocation of domain names. (12) In order to safeguard prior rights recognised by Community or national law, a procedure for phased registration should be put in place. Phased registration should take place in two phases, with the aim of ensuring that holders of prior rights have appropriate opportunities to

REGULATIONS PART 2


register the names on which they hold prior rights. The Registry should ensure that validation of the rights is performed by appointed validation agents. On the basis of evidence provided by the applicants, validation agents should assess the right which is claimed for a particular name. Allocation of that name should then take place on a first-come, first-served basis if there are two or more applicants for a domain name, each having a prior right. (13) The Registry should enter into an appropriate escrow agreement to ensure continuity of service, and in particular to ensure that in the event of re-delegation or other unforeseen circumstances it is possible to continue to provide services to the local Internet community with minimum disruption. The Registry should also comply with the relevant data protection rules, principles, guidelines and best practices, notably concerning the amount and type of data displayed in the WHOIS database. Domain names considered by a Member State court to be defamatory, racist or contrary to public policy should be blocked and eventually revoked once the court decision becomes final. Such domain names should be blocked from future registrations. (14) In the event of the death or insolvency of a domain name holder, if no transfer has been initiated at the expiry of the registration period, the domain name should be suspended for 40 calendar days. If the heirs or administrators concerned have not registered the name during that period it should become available for general registration. (15) Domain names should be open to revocation by the Registry on a limited number of specified grounds, after giving the domain name holder concerned an opportunity to take appropriate measures. Domain names should also be capable of revocation through an alternative dispute resolution (ADR) procedure. (16) The Registry should provide for an ADR procedure which takes into account the international best practices in this area and in particular the relevant World Intellectual Property Organization (WIPO) recommendations, to ensure that speculative and abusive registrations are avoided as far as possible. (17) The Registry should select service providers that have appropriate expertise on the basis of objective, transparent and non-discriminatory criteria. ADR should respect a minimum of uniform procedural rules, similar to the ones set out in the Uniform Dispute Resolution Policy adopted by the Internet Corporation of Assigned Names and Numbers (ICANN). (18) In view of the impending enlargement of the Union it is imperative that the system of public policy rules set up by this Regulation enter into force without delay.


(19) The measures provided for in this Regulation are in accordance with the opinion of the Communications Committee established by Article 22(1) of Directive 2002/21/EC of the European Parliament and of the Council

3,

HAS ADOPTED THIS REGULATION: CHAPTER I SUBJECT MATTER Article 1 Subject matter This Regulation sets out the public policy rules concerning the implementation and functions of the .eu Top Level Domain (TLD) and the public policy principles on registration referred to in Article 5(1) of Regulation (EC) No 733/2002. CHAPTER II PRINCIPLES ON REGISTRATION Article 2 Eligibility and general principles for registration An eligible party, as listed in Article 4(2)(b) of Regulation (EC) No 733/2002, may register one or more domain names under .eu TLD. Without prejudice to Chapter IV, a specific domain name shall be allocated for use to the eligible party whose request has been received first by the Registry in the technically correct manner and in accordance with this Regulation. For the purposes of this Regulation, this criterion of first receipt shall be referred to as the ‘first-come-first-served’ principle. Once a domain name is registered it shall become unavailable for further registration until the registration expires without renewal, or until the domain name is revoked. Unless otherwise specified in this Regulation, domain names shall be registered directly under the .eu TLD. Domain name registration shall be valid only after the appropriate fee has been paid by the requesting party.

3 OJ L 108, 24.4.2002, p. 33.

REGULATIONS PART 2


Domain names registered under the .eu TLD shall only be transferable to parties that are eligible for registration of .eu domain names. Article 3 Requests for domain name registration The request for domain name registration shall include all of the following: (a) the name and address of the requesting party; (b) a confirmation by electronic means from the requesting party that it satisfies the general eligibility criteria set out in Article 4(2)(b) of Regulation (EC) No 733/2002; (c) an affirmation by electronic means from the requesting party that to its knowledge the request for domain name registration is made in good faith and does not infringe any rights of a third party; (d) an undertaking by electronic means from the requesting party that it shall abide by all the terms and conditions for registration, including the policy on the extra-judicial settlement of conflicts set out in Chapter VI. Any material inaccuracy in the elements set out in points (a) to (d) shall constitute a breach of the terms of registration. Any verification by the Registry of the validity of registration applications shall take place subsequently to the registration at the initiative of the Registry or pursuant to a dispute for the registration of the domain name in question, except for applications filed in the course of the phased registration procedure under Articles 10, 12, and 14. Article 4 Accreditation of registrars Only registrars accredited by the Registry shall be permitted to offer registration services for names under the .eu TLD. The procedure for the accreditation of registrars shall be determined by the Registry and shall be reasonable, transparent and non-discriminatory, and shall ensure effective and fair conditions of competition. Registrars are required to access and use the Registry's automated registration systems. The Registry may set further basic technical requirements for the accreditation of registrars.


The Registry may ask registrars for advance payment of registration fees, to be set annually by the Registry based on a reasonable market estimate. The procedure, terms of accreditation of registrars and the list of accredited registrars shall be made publicly available by the Registry in readily accessible form. Each registrar shall be bound by contract with the Registry to observe the terms of accreditation and in particular to comply with the public policy principles set out in this Regulation. Article 5 Provisions for registrars Without prejudice to any rule governing jurisdiction and applicable law, agreements between the Registrar and the registrant of a domain name cannot designate, as applicable law, a law other than the law of one of the Member States, nor can they designate a dispute-resolution body, unless selected by the Registry pursuant to Article 23, nor an arbitration court or a court located outside the Community. A registrar who receives more than one registration request for the same name shall forward those requests to the Registry in the chronological order in which they were received. Only applications received after the date of accreditation shall be forwarded to the Registry. Registrars shall require all applicants to submit accurate and reliable contact details of at least one natural or legal person responsible for the technical operation of the domain name that is requested. Registrars may develop label, authentication and trustmark schemes in order to promote consumer confidence in the reliability of information that is available under a domain name that is registered by them, in accordance with applicable national and Community law.

REGULATIONS PART 2


CHAPTER III LANGUAGES AND GEOGRAPHICAL CONCEPTS Article 6 Languages Registrations of .eu domain names shall start only after the Registry has informed the Commission that the filing of applications for the registration of .eu domain names and communications of decisions concerning registration is possible in all official languages of the Community, hereinafter referred to as ‘official languages’. For any communication by the Registry that affects the rights of a party in conjunction with a registration, such as the grant, transfer, cancellation or revocation of a domain, the Registry shall ensure that these communications are possible in all official languages. The Registry shall perform the registration of domain names in all the alphabetic characters of the official languages when adequate international standards become available. The Registry shall not be required to perform functions using languages other than the official languages. Article 7 Procedure for reserved geographical and geopolitical names For the procedure of raising objections to the lists of broadly recognised names in accordance with the third subparagraph of Article 5(2) of Regulation (EC) No 733/2002, objections shall be notified to the members of the Communications Committee established by Article 22(1) of Directive 2002/21/EC and to the Director-General of the Commission's Directorate-General Information Society. The members of the Communications Committee and the Director-General may designate other contact points for these notifications. Objections and designations of contact points shall be notified in the form of electronic mail, delivery by courier or in person, or by postal delivery effected by way of registered letter and acknowledgement of receipt. Upon the resolution of any objections, the Registry shall publish on its web site two lists of names. The one list shall contain the list of names that the Commission shall have notified as ‘not registrable’. The other list shall contain the list of names that the Commission shall have notified to the Registry as ‘registrable only under a second level domain’.


Article 8 Country names and alpha-2 codes representing countries Member States (and acceding countries) may request that their official name and the name under which they are commonly known in one or more of the official languages (of the Community as extended in May 2004) shall not be registered directly under the .eu TLD by any person other than their national government. To that end, each Member State (or acceding country) shall send the Commission, within two months following the entry into force of this Regulation, a list of those names requiring to be reserved, as well as a designation of the body that will represent the national government in registering the names. The Commission shall notify the Registry of the names that shall be reserved and the bodies that represent the national governments in registering the names. Candidate countries that are not due to join the European Union in May 2004 and member countries of the European Economic Area that are not Member States may request that their official name and the name under which they are commonly known in their own language and in any of the official languages as from May 2004 shall not be registered directly under the .eu TLD. To that end, those countries may send the Commission, within two months following entry into force of this Regulation, a list of those names which are not to be registered. The Commission shall notify the Registry of the names that shall not be registered. Alpha-2 codes representing countries shall not be used to register domain names directly under the .eu TLD. Article 9 Second level domain name for geographical and geopolitical names Registration of geographical and geopolitical concepts as domain names in accordance with Article 5(2)(b) of Regulation (EC) No 733/2002 may be provided for by a Member State that has notified the names. This may be done under any domain name that has been registered by that Member State. The Commission may ask the Registry to introduce domain names directly under the .eu TLD for use by the Community institutions and bodies. After the entry into force of this Regulation and not later than a week before the beginning of the phased registration period provided for in Chapter IV, the Commission shall notify the Registry of the names that

REGULATIONS PART 2


are to be reserved and the bodies that represent the Community institutions and bodies in registering the names. CHAPTER IV PHASED REGISTRATION Article 10 Eligible parties and the names they can register 1. Holders of prior rights recognised or established by national and/or Community law and public bodies shall be eligible to apply to register domain names during a period of phased registration before general registration of. eu domain starts. ‘Prior rights’ shall be understood to include, inter alia, registered national and community trademarks, geographical indications or designations of origin, and, in as far as they are protected under national law in the Member-State where they are held: unregistered trademarks, trade names, business identifiers, company names, family names, and distinctive titles of protected literary and artistic works. ‘Public bodies’ shall include: institutions and bodies of the Community, national and local governments, governmental bodies, authorities, organisations and bodies governed by public law, and international and intergovernmental organisations. 2. The registration on the basis of a prior right shall consist of the registration of the complete name for which the prior right exists, as written in the documentation which proves that such a right exists. 3. The registration by a public body may consist of the complete name of the public body or the acronym that is generally used. Public bodies that are responsible for governing a particular geographic territory may also register the complete name of the territory for which they are responsible, and the name under which the territory is commonly known. Article 11 Special characters As far as the registration of complete names is concerned, where such names comprise a space between the textual or word elements, identicality shall be deemed to exist between such complete names and the same names written with a hyphen between the word elements or combined in one word in the domain name applied for.


Where the name for which prior rights are claimed contains special characters, spaces, or punctuations, these shall be eliminated entirely from the corresponding domain name, replaced with hyphens, or, if possible, rewritten. Special character and punctuations as referred to in the second paragraph shall include the following: ~ @ # $ % ^ & * ( ) + = < > { } [ ] | \ /: ; ' , . ? Without prejudice to the third paragraph of Article 6, if the prior right name contains letters which have additional elements that cannot be reproduced in ASCII code, such as ä, é or ñ, the letters concerned shall be reproduced without these elements (such as a, e, n), or shall be replaced by conventionally accepted spellings (such as ae). In all other respects, the domain name shall be identical to the textual or word elements of the prior right name. Article 12 Principles for phased registration 1. Phased registration shall not start before 1 May 2004 and only when the requirement of the first paragraph of Article 6 is fulfilled and the period provided for in Article 8 has expired. The Registry shall publish the date on which phased registration shall start at least two months in advance and shall inform all accredited Registrars accordingly. The Registry shall publish on its website two months before the beginning of the phased registration a detailed description of all the technical and administrative measures that it shall use to ensure a proper, fair and technically sound administration of the phased registration period. 2. The duration of the phased registration period shall be four months. General registration of domain names shall not start prior to the completion of the phased registration period. Phased registration shall be comprised of two parts of two months each. During the first part of phased registration, only registered national and Community trademarks, geographical indications, and the names and acronyms referred to in Article 10(3), may be applied for as domain names by holders or licensees of prior rights and by the public bodies mentioned in Article 10(1).

REGULATIONS PART 2


During the second part of phased registration, the names that can be registered in the first part as well as names based on all other prior rights can be applied for as domain names by holders of prior rights on those names. 3. The request to register a domain name based on a prior right under Article 10(1) and (2) shall include a reference to the legal basis in national or Community law for the right to the name, as well as other relevant information, such as trademark registration number, information concerning publication in an official journal or government gazette, registration information at professional or business associations and chambers of commerce. 4. The Registry may make the requests for domain name registration subject to payment of additional fees, provided that these serve merely to cover the costs generated by the application of this Chapter. The Registry may charge differential fees depending upon the complexity of the process required to validate prior rights. 5. At the end of the phased registration an independent audit shall be performed at the expense of the Registry and shall report its findings to the Commission. The auditor shall be appointed by the Registry after consulting the Commission. The purpose of the audit shall be to confirm the fair, appropriate and sound operational and technical administration of the phased registration period by the Registry. 6. To resolve a dispute over a domain name the rules provided in Chapter VI shall apply. Article 13 Selection of validation agents Validation agents shall be legal persons established within the territory of the Community. Validation agents shall be reputable bodies with appropriate expertise. The Registry shall select the validation agents in an objective, transparent and non-discriminatory manner, ensuring the widest possible geographical diversity. The Registry shall require the validation agent to execute the validation in an objective, transparent and non-discriminatory manner. Member States shall provide for validation concerning the names mentioned in Article 10(3). To that end, the Member States shall send to the Commission within two months following entry into force of this Regulation, a clear indication of the addresses to which documentary evidence is to be sent for verification. The Commission shall notify the Registry of these addresses.


The Registry shall publish information about the validation agents at its website. Article 14 Validation and registration of applications received during phased registration All claims for prior rights under Article 10(1) and (2) must be verifiable by documentary evidence which demonstrates the right under the law by virtue of which it exists. The Registry, upon receipt of the application, shall block the domain name in question until validation has taken place or until the deadline passes for receipt of documentation. If the Registry receives more than one claim for the same domain during the phased registration period, applications shall be dealt with in strict chronological order. The Registry shall make available a database containing information about the domain names applied for under the procedure for phased registration, the applicants, the Registrar that submitted the application, the deadline for submission of validation documents, and subsequent claims on the names. Every applicant shall submit documentary evidence that shows that he or she is the holder of the prior right claimed on the name in question. The documentary evidence shall be submitted to a validation agent indicated by the Registry. The applicant shall submit the evidence in such a way that it shall be received by the validation agent within forty days from the submission of the application for the domain name. If the documentary evidence has not been received by this deadline, the application for the domain name shall be rejected. Validation agents shall time-stamp documentary evidence upon receipt. Validation agents shall examine applications for any particular domain name in the order in which the application was received at the Registry. The relevant validation agent shall examine whether the applicant that is first in line to be assessed for a domain name and that has submitted the documentary evidence before the deadline has prior rights on the name. If the documentary evidence has not been received in time or if the validation agent finds that the documentary evidence does not substantiate a prior right, he shall notify the Registry of this. If the validation agent finds that prior rights exist regarding the application for a particular domain name that is first in line, he shall notify the Registry accordingly.

REGULATIONS PART 2


This examination of each claim in chronological order of receipt shall be followed until a claim is found for which prior rights on the name in question are confirmed by a validation agent. The Registry shall register the domain name, on the first come first served basis, if it finds that the applicant has demonstrated a prior right in accordance with the procedure set out in the second, third and fourth paragraphs. CHAPTER V RESERVATIONS, WHOIS DATA AND IMPROPER REGISTRATIONS Article 15 Escrow agreement 1. The Registry shall, at its own expense, enter into an agreement with a reputable trustee or other escrow agent established within the territory of the Community designating the Commission as the beneficiary of the escrow agreement. The Commission shall give its consent to that agreement before it is concluded. The Registry shall submit to the escrow agent on a daily basis an electronic copy of the current content of the .eu database. 2. The agreement shall provide that the data shall be held by the escrow agent on the following terms and conditions: (a) the data shall be received and held in escrow, undergoing no procedure other than verification that it is complete, consistent, and in proper format, until it is released to the Commission; (b) the data shall be released from escrow upon expiration without renewal or upon termination of the contract between the Registry and the Commission for any of the reasons described therein and irrespectively of any disputes or litigation between the Commission and the Registry; (c) in the event that the escrow is released, the Commission shall have the exclusive, irrevocable, royalty-free right to exercise or to have exercised all rights necessary to re-designate the Registry; (d) if the contract with the Registry is terminated the Commission, with the cooperation of the Registry, shall take all necessary steps to transfer the administrative and operational responsibility for the .eu TLD and any reserve funds to such party as the Commission may designate: in that event, the Registry shall make all efforts to avoid disruption of the service and shall in particular continue to update the information that is subject to the escrow until the time of completion of the transfer.


Article 16 WHOIS database The purpose of the WHOIS database shall be to provide reasonably accurate and up to date information about the technical and administrative points of contact administering the domain names under the .eu TLD. The WHOIS database shall contain information about the holder of a domain name that is relevant and not excessive in relation to the purpose of the database. In as far as the information is not strictly necessary in relation to the purpose of the database, and if the domain name holder is a natural person, the information that is to be made publicly available shall be subject to the unambiguous consent of the domain name holder. The deliberate submission of inaccurate information shall constitute grounds for considering the domain name registration to have been in breach of the terms of registration. Article 17 Names reserved by the Registry The following names shall be reserved for the operational functions of the Registry: eurid.eu, registry.eu, nic.eu, dns.eu, internic.eu, whois.eu, das.eu, coc.eu, eurethix.eu, eurethics.eu, euthics.eu Article 18 Improper registrations Where a domain name is considered by a Court of a Member State to be defamatory, racist or contrary to public policy, it shall be blocked by the Registry upon notification of a Court decision and shall be revoked upon notification of a final court decision. The Registry shall block from future registration those names which have been subject to such a court order for as long as such order remains valid. Article 19 Death and winding up 1. If the domain name holder dies during the registration period of the domain name, the executors of his or her estate, or his or her legal heirs, may request transfer of the name to the heirs along with submission of the appropriate documentation.

REGULATIONS PART 2


If, on expiry of the registration period, no transfer has been initiated, the domain name shall be suspended for a period of 40 calendar days and shall be published on the Registry's website. During this period the executors or the legal heirs may apply to register the name along with submission of the appropriate documentation. If the heirs have not registered the name during that 40-day period, the domain name shall hereafter become available for general registration. 2. If the domain name holder is an undertaking, a legal or natural person, or an organisation that becomes subject to insolvency proceedings, winding up, cessation of trading, winding up by court order or any similar proceeding provided for by national law, during the registration period of the domain name, then the legally appointed administrator of the domain name holder may request transfer to the purchaser of the domain name holders assets along with submission of the appropriate documentation. If, on expiry of the registration period, no transfer has been initiated, the domain name shall be suspended for a period of forty calendar days and shall be published on the registry's website. During this period the administrator may apply to register the name along with submission of appropriate documentation. If the administrator has not registered the name during that 40-day period, the domain name shall thereafter become available for general registration. CHAPTER VI REVOCATION AND SETTLEMENT OF CONFLICTS Article 20 Revocation of domain names The Registry may revoke a domain name at its own initiative and without submitting the dispute to any extrajudicial settlement of conflicts, exclusively on the following grounds: (a) outstanding unpaid debts owed to the Registry; (b) holder's non-fulfilment of the general eligibility criteria pursuant to Article 4(2)(b) of Regulation (EC) 733/2002; (c) holder's breach of the terms of registration under Article 3. The Registry shall lay down a procedure in accordance with which it may revoke domain names on these grounds. This procedure shall include a notice to the domain name holder and shall afford him an opportunity to take appropriate measures.


Revocation of a domain name, and where necessary its subsequent transfer, may also be effected in accordance with a decision issued by an extrajudicial settlement body. Article 21 Speculative and abusive registrations 1. A registered domain name shall be subject to revocation, using an appropriate extra-judicial or judicial procedure, where that name is identical or confusingly similar to a name in respect of which a right is recognised or established by national and/or Community law, such as the rights mentioned in Article 10(1), and where it: (a) has been registered by its holder without rights or legitimate interest in the name; or (b) has been registered or is being used in bad faith. 2. A legitimate interest within the meaning of point (a) of paragraph 1 may be demonstrated where: (a) prior to any notice of an alternative dispute resolution (ADR) procedure, the holder of a domain name has used the domain name or a name corresponding to the domain name in connection with the offering of goods or services or has made demonstrable preparation to do so; (b) the holder of a domain name, being an undertaking, organisation or natural person, has been commonly known by the domain name, even in the absence of a right recognised or established by national and/or Community law; (c) the holder of a domain name is making a legitimate and non-commercial or fair use of the domain name, without intent to mislead consumers or harm the reputation of a name on which a right is recognised or established by national and/or Community law. 3. Bad faith, within the meaning of point (b) of paragraph 1 may be demonstrated, where: (a) circumstances indicate that the domain name was registered or acquired primarily for the purpose of selling, renting, or otherwise transferring the domain name to the holder of a name in respect of which a right is recognised or established by national and/or Community law or to a public body; or

REGULATIONS PART 2


(b) the domain name has been registered in order to prevent the holder of such a name in respect of which a right is recognised or established by national and/or Community law, or a public body, from reflecting this name in a corresponding domain name, provided that:

(i) a pattern of such conduct by the registrant can be demonstrated; or (ii) the domain name has not been used in a relevant way for at least two years from the date of registration; or (iii) in circumstances where, at the time the ADR procedure was initiated, the holder of a domain name in respect of which a right is recognised or established by national and/or Community law or the holder of a domain name of a public body has declared his/its intention to use the domain name in a relevant way but fails to do so within six months of the day on which the ADR procedure was initiated;

(c) the domain name was registered primarily for the purpose of disrupting the professional activities of a competitor; or (d) the domain name was intentionally used to attract Internet users, for commercial gain, to the holder of a domain name website or other on-line location, by creating a likelihood of confusion with a name on which a right is recognised or established by national and/or Community law or a name of a public body, such likelihood arising as to the source, sponsorship, affiliation or endorsement of the website or location or of a product or service on the website or location of the holder of a domain name; or (e) the domain name registered is a personal name for which no demonstrable link exists between the domain name holder and the domain name registered. 4. The provisions in paragraphs 1, 2 and 3 may not be invoked so as to obstruct claims under national law. Article 22 Alternative dispute resolution (ADR) procedure 1. An ADR procedure may be initiated by any party where: (a) the registration is speculative or abusive within the meaning of Article 21; or (b) a decision taken by the Registry conflicts with this Regulation or with Regulation (EC) No 733/2002.


2. Participation in the ADR procedure shall be compulsory for the holder of a domain name and the Registry. 3. A fee for the ADR shall be paid by the complainant. 4. Unless otherwise agreed by the parties, or specified otherwise in the registration agreement between registrar and domain name holder, the language of the administrative proceeding shall be the language of that agreement. This rule shall be subject to the authority of the panel to determine otherwise, having regard to the circumstances of the case. 5. The complaints and the responses to those complaints must be submitted to an ADR provider chosen by the complainant from the list referred to in the first paragraph of Article 23. That submission shall be made in accordance with this Regulation and the published supplementary procedures of the ADR provider. 6. As soon as a request for ADR is properly filed with the ADR provider and the appropriate fee is paid, the ADR provider shall inform the Registry of the identity of the complainant and the domain name involved. The Registry shall suspend the domain name involved from cancellation or transfer until the dispute resolution proceedings or subsequent legal proceedings are complete and the decision has been notified to the Registry. 7. The ADR provider shall examine the complaint for compliance with its rules of procedure, with the provisions of this Regulation and with Regulation (EC) No 733/2002, and, unless non-compliance is established, shall forward the complaint to the respondent within five working days following receipt of the fees to be paid by the complainant. 8. Within 30 working days of the date of receipt of the complaint the respondent shall submit a response to the provider. 9. Any written communication to a complainant or respondent shall be made by the preferred means stated by the complainant or respondent, respectively, or in the absence of such specification electronically via the Internet, provided that a record of transmission is available. All communications concerning the ADR procedure to the holder of a domain name that is subject to an ADR procedure shall be sent to the address information that is available to the Registrar that maintains the registration of the domain name in accordance with the terms and conditions of registration. 10. Failure of any of the parties involved in an ADR procedure to respond within the given deadlines or appear to a panel hearing may be considered as grounds to accept the claims of the counterparty.

REGULATIONS PART 2


11. In the case of a procedure against a domain name holder, the ADR panel shall decide that the domain name shall be revoked, if it finds that the registration is speculative or abusive as defined in Article 21. The domain name shall be transferred to the complainant if the complainant applies for this domain name and satisfies the general eligibility criteria set out in Article 4(2)(b) of Regulation (EC) No 733/2002. In the case of a procedure against the Registry, the ADR panel shall decide whether a decision taken by the Registry conflicts with this Regulation or with Regulation (EC) No 733/2002. The ADR panel shall decide that the decision shall be annulled and may decide in appropriate cases that the domain name in question shall be transferred, revoked or attributed, provided that, where necessary, the general eligibility criteria set out in Article 4(2)(b) of Regulation (EC) No 733/2002 are fulfilled. The decision of the ADR panel shall state the date for implementation of the decision. Decisions of the panel are taken by simple majority. The alternative dispute panel shall issue its decision within one month from the date of receipt of the response by the ADR provider. The decision shall be duly motivated. The decisions of the panel shall be published. 12. Within three working days after receiving the decision from the panel, the provider shall notify the full text of the decision to each party, the concerned registrar(s) and the Registry. The decision shall be notified to the Registry and the complainant by registered post or other equivalent electronic means. 13. The results of ADR shall be binding on the parties and the Registry unless court proceedings are initiated within 30 calendar days of the notification of the result of the ADR procedure to the parties. Article 23 Selection of providers and panellists for alternative dispute resolution 1. The Registry may select ADR providers, who shall be reputable bodies with appropriate expertise in an objective, transparent and non-discriminatory manner. A list of the ADR providers shall be published on the Registry's website. 2. A dispute which is submitted to the ADR procedure shall be examined by arbitrators appointed to a panel of one or three members.


The panellists shall be selected in accordance to the internal procedures of the selected ADR providers. They shall have appropriate expertise and shall be selected in an objective, transparent and non-discriminatory manner. Each provider shall maintain a publicly available list of panellists and their qualifications. A panellist shall be impartial and independent and shall have, before accepting appointment, disclosed to the provider any circumstances giving rise to justifiable doubt as to their impartiality or independence. If, at any stage during the administrative proceedings, new circumstances arise that could give rise to justifiable doubt as to the impartiality or independence of the panellist, that panellist shall promptly disclose such circumstances to the provider. In such event, the provider shall appoint a substitute panellist. CHAPTER VII FINAL PROVISIONS Article 24 Entry into force This Regulation shall enter into force on the day of its publication in the Official Journal of the European Union. This Regulation shall be binding in its entirety and directly applicable in all Member States. Done at Brussels, 28 April 2004. For the Commission Erkki LIIKANEN Member of the Commission


Part 3

Regulation (EC) No 1654/2005 of 10 October 2005 amending Regulation (EC) No 874/2004 laying

down public policy rules concerning the implementation and functions of the .eu Top Level Domain and the principles governing registration






REGULATIONS Part 3


COMMISSION REGULATION (EC) No 1654/2005

of 10 October 2005

amending Regulation (EC) No 874/2004 laying down public policy rules concerning the implementation and functions of the .eu Top

Level Domain and the principles governing registration



Having consulted the European Registry for Internet domains designated by Commission Decision 2003/375/EC

2,

Whereas: (1) Commission Regulation (EC) No 874/2004

3 implements Regulation

(EC) No 733/2002 by laying down the public policy rules concerning the implementation and functions of the .eu Top Level Domain and the principles governing registration. (2) Article 8 of Regulation (EC) No 874/2004 implements the public policy rules concerning geographical concepts by providing for a procedure to permit Member States, candidate countries and all the members of the European Economic Area to request the registration or the reservation of their name by their national governments. That provision does not fully guarantee the geopolitical and linguistic diversity of the European Union and the interest of both Member States and European citizens. This calls for the Commission to amend Regulation (EC) No 874/2004 accordingly. (3) The measures provided for in this Regulation are in accordance with the opinion of the Communications Committee established by Article 22(1) of Directive 2002/21/EC of the European Parliament and of the Council of 7 March 2002 on a common regulatory framework for

1 OJ L 113, 30.4.2002, p. 1.

2 OJ L 128, 24.5.2003, p. 29.

3 OJ L 162, 30.4.2004, p. 40.


electronic communications networks and services (Framework Directive)

4,

HAS ADOPTED THIS REGULATION: Article 1 Commission Regulation (EC) No 874/2004 shall be amended as follows:

‘Article 8 Reservation of names by countries and alpha-2 codes representing countries 1. The list of names set out in the Annex to this Regulation shall only be reserved or registered as second level domain names directly under the .eu TLD by the countries indicated in the list. 2. Alpha-2 codes representing countries shall not be registered as second level domain names directly under the .eu TLD.’;

2. in Article 12(1), the first subparagraph shall be replaced by the following:

‘Phased registration shall not start before the requirement of the first paragraph of Article 6 is fulfilled.’;

3. the Annex to this Regulation is added. Article 2 This Regulation shall enter into force on the day of its publication in the Official Journal of the European Union. This Regulation shall be binding in its entirety and directly applicable in all Member States. Done at Brussels, 10 October 2005. For the Commission Viviane REDING Member of the Commission

4 OJ L 108, 24.4.2002, p. 33.

REGULATIONS Part 3


ANNEX 1. List of names per country and the countries that can register them AUSTRIA 1. österreich 2. oesterreich 3. republik-österreich 4. republik-oesterreich 5. afstria 6. dimokratia-afstria 7. østrig 8. republikken-østrig 9. oestrig 10. austria 11. republic-austria 12. república-austria 13. autriche 14. république-autriche 15. oostenrijk 16. republiek-oostenrijk 17. república-austria 18. itävalta 19. itävallan-tasavalta 20. itaevalta 21. österrike 22. oesterrike 23. republik-österrike 24. rakousko 25. republika-rakousko 26. repubblica-austria 27. austrija 28. republika-austrija 29. respublika-austrija 30. ausztria 31. Osztrák-Köztársaság

32. Republika-Austriacka 33. rakúsko 34. republika-rakúsko 35. avstrija 36. republika-avstrija 37. awstrija 38. republika-awstrija 39. republikösterreich 40. republikoesterreich 41. dimokratiaafstria 42. republikkenøstrig 43. republicaustria 44. repúblicaaustria 45. républiqueautriche 46. repubblicaaustria 47. republiekoostenrijk 48. repúblicaaustria 49. tasavaltaitävalta 50. republikösterrike 51. republikarakousko 52. republikaaustrija 53. respublikaaustrija 54. OsztrákKöztársaság 55. RepublikaAustriacka 56. republikarakúsko 57. republikaavstrija 58. republikaawstrija 59. aostria 60. vabariik-aostria 61. vabariikaostria

BELGIUM 1. belgie 2. belgië 3. belgique 4. belgien 5. belgium 6. bélgica 7. belgica 8. belgio 9. belgia 10. belgija 11. vlaanderen 12. wallonie

13. wallonië 14. brussel 15. vlaamse-gemeenschap 16. franse-gemeenschap 17. duitstalige-gemeenschap 18. vlaams-gewest 19. waals-gewest 20. brussels-hoofdstedelijk-gewest 21. flandre 22. bruxelles 23. communauté-flamande 24. communaute-flamande


25. communauté-française 26. communaute-francaise 27. communaute-germanophone 28. communauté-germanophone 29. région-flamande 30. region-flamande 31. région-wallonne 32. region-wallonne 33. région-de-bruxelles-capitale 34. region-de-bruxelles-capitale 35. flandern 36. wallonien 37. bruessel 38. brüssel 39. flaemische-gemeinschaft 40. flämische-gemeinschaft 41. franzoesische-gemeinschaft 42. französische-gemeinschaft 43. deutschsprachige-gemeinschaft 44. flaemische-region 45. flämische-region 46. wallonische-region 47. region-bruessel-hauptstadt 48. region-brüssel-hauptstadt 49. flanders 50. wallonia 51. brussels 52. flemish-community 53. french-community 54. german-speaking-community 55. flemish-region 56. walloon-region 57. brussels-capital-region 58. flandes 59. valonia 60. bruselas 61. comunidad-flamenca 62. comunidad-francesa 63. comunidad-germanófona 64. comunidad-germanofona 65. region-flamenca 66. región-flamenca 67. region-valona 68. región-valona 69. region-de-bruselas-capital 70. región-de-bruselas-capital 71. fiandre 72. vallonia 73. communita-fiamminga 74. communità-fiamminga 75. communita-francese 76. communità-francese 77. communita-di-lingua-tedesca

78. communità-di-lingua-tedesca 79. regione-fiamminga 80. regione-vallona 81. regione-di-bruxelles-capitale 82. flandres 83. bruxelas 84. comunidade-flamenga 85. comunidade-francofona 86. comunidade-germanofona 87. regiao-flamenga 88. região-flamenga 89. regiao-vala 90. região-vala 91. regiao-de-bruxelas-capital 92. região-de-bruxelas-capital 93. vallonien 94. bryssel 95. flamlaendskt-spraakomraade 96. fransktalande-spraakomraade 97. tysktalande-spraakomraade 98. flamlaendska-regionen 99. vallonska-regionen 100. bryssel-huvustad 101. det-flamske-sprogsamfund 102. det-franske-sprogsamfund 103. det-tysktalende-sprogsamfund 104. den-flamske-region 105. den-vallonske-region 106. regionen-bruxelles-hovedstadsomraadet 107. flanderi 108. flaaminkielinen-yhteiso 109. ranskankielinen-yhteiso 110. saksankielinen-yhteiso 111. flanderin-alue 112. vallonian-alue 113. brysselin-alue 114. flandry 115. valonsko 116. brusel 117. vlamske-spolecenstvi 118. francouzske-spolecenstvi 119. germanofonni-spolecenstvi 120. vlamsky-region 121. valonsky-region 122. region-brusel 123. flandrija 124. valonija 125. bruselj 126. flamska-skupnost 127. frankofonska-skupnost 128. germanofonska-skupnost 129. flamska-regija

REGULATIONS Part 3


130. valonska-regija 131. regija-bruselj CYPRUS 1. cypern 2. cyprus 3. cyprus 4. kypros 5. chypre 6. zypern 7. κυπρος 8. cipro 9. chipre 10. chipre 11. cypern 12. anchipír 13. kypr 14. küpros 15. ciprus 16. kipras 17. kipra 18. ćipru 19. cypr 20. ciper 21. cyprus 22. kibris

23. republikkencypern 24. republiekcyprus 25. republicofcyprus 26. kyproksentasavalta 27. republiquedechypre 28. republikzypern 29. κυπριακηδημοκρατια 30. repubblicadicipro 31. republicadechipre 32. republicadechipre 33. cypernsrepublik 34. poblachtnacipíre 35. kyperskarepublika 36. küprosevabariik 37. ciprusiköztàrsasàg 38. kiprorespublika 39. kiprasrepublika 40. republikata’ćipru 41. republikacypryjska 42. republikaciper 43. cyperskarepublika 44. kibriscumhuriyeti

CZECH REPUBLIC 1. ceska-republika 2. den-tjekkiske-republik 3. tschechische-republik 4. tsehhi-vabariik 5. τσεχικη-δημοκρατια 6. czech-republic 7. repulica-checa 8. republique-tcheque 9. repubblica-ceca 10. cehijas-republika 11. cekijos-respublika 12. cseh-koztarsasag 13. repubblica-ceka 14. tsjechische-republiek 15. republika-czeska 16. republica-checa 17. ceska-republika 18. ceska-republika 19. tsekin-tasavalta 20. tjeckiska-republiken 21. ceskarepublika 22. dentjekkiskerepublik 23. tschechischerepublik

24. tsehhivabariik 25. τσεχικηδημοκρατια 26. czechrepublic 27. repulicacheca 28. republiquetcheque 29. repubblicaceca 30. cehijasrepublika 31. cekijosrespublika 32. csehkoztarsasag 33. repubblicaceka 34. tsjechischerepubliek 35. republikaczeska 36. republicacheca 37. ceskarepublika 38. ceskarepublika 39. tsekintasavalta 40. tjeckiskarepubliken 41. czech 42. cesko 43. tjekkiet 44. tschechien 45. tsehhi 46. τσεχια


47. czechia 48. chequia 49. tchequie 50. cechia 51. cehija 52. cekija 53. csehorszag 54. tsjechie 55. czechy 56. chequia 57. ceska 58. tsekinmaa 59. tjeckien 60. cechy 61. česka-republika 62. tsehhi-vabariik 63. republica-checa 64. republique-tcheque 65. čehijas-republika 66. cseh-köztarsasag

67. republica-checa 68. česka-republika 69. českarepublika 70. tsehhivabariik 71. republicacheca 72. republiquetcheque 73. čehijasrepublika 74. csehköztarsasag 75. republicacheca 76. českarepublika 77. česko 78. tsjechië 79. tsehhi 80. chequia 81. tchequie 82. čehija 83. csehorszag 84. česka 85. čechy

DENMARK 1. danemark 2. denemarken 3. danmark 4. denmark 5. tanska 6. δανία

7. danimarca 8. dinamarca 9. dänemark 10. dánsko 11. taani 12. danija

13. dānija 14. id-danimarka 15. dania 16. danska 17. dánia

ESTONIA 1. eesti 2. estija 3. estland 4. estonia

5. estónia 6. estonie 7. estonija 8. estonja

9. εσθονία 10. igaunija 11. viro

FINLAND 1. suomi 2. finland 3. finska 4. finskó 5. finlândia

6. finlandia 7. finlandja 8. finnország 9. suomija 10. somija

11. finlande 12. φινλανδία 13. soomi 14. finnland 15. finsko

FRANCE 1. francia 2. francie 3. frankrig 4. frankreich 5. prantsusmaa

6. γαλλια 7. gallia 8. france 9. france 10. francia

REGULATIONS Part 3


11. francija 12. prancūzija 13. prancuzija 14. franciaország 15. franciaorszag 16. franza 17. frankrijk 18. francja 19. frança 20. francúzsko 21. francuzsko 22. francija 23. ranska 24. frankrike 25. französischerepublik 26. französische-republik 27. französische_republik 28. franzosischerepublik 29. franzosische-republik 30. franzosische_republik 31. franzoesischerepublik 32. franzoesische-republik 33. franzoesische_republik 34. frenchrepublic 35. french-republic 36. french_republic 37. republiquefrançaise 38. republique-française 39. republique_française 40. républiquefrançaise 41. république-française 42. république_française 43. republiquefrancaise 44. republique-francaise 45. republique_francaise 46. républiquefrancaise 47. république-francaise 48. république_francaise 49. alsace 50. auvergne 51. aquitaine 52. basse-normandie 53. bassenormandie 54. bourgogne 55. bretagne 56. centre 57. champagne-ardenne 58. champagneardenne 59. corse 60. franche-comte 61. franche-comté 62. franchecomte 63. franchecomté

64. haute-normandie 65. hautenormandie 66. ile-de-France 67. île-de-France 68. iledeFrance 69. îledeFrance 70. languedoc-roussillon 71. languedocroussillon 72. limousin 73. lorraine 74. midi-pyrenees 75. midi-pyrénées 76. midipyrenees 77. midipyrénées 78. nord-pas-de-calais 79. nordpasdecalais 80. paysdelaloire 81. pays-de-la-loire 82. picardie 83. poitou-charentes 84. poitoucharentes 85. provence-alpes-cote-d-azur 86. provence-alpes-côte-d-azur 87. provencealpescotedazur 88. provencealpescôtedazur 89. rhone-alpes 90. rhône-alpes 91. rhonealpes 92. rhônealpes 93. guadeloupe 94. guyane 95. martinique 96. reunion 97. réunion 98. mayotte 99. saint-pierre-et-miquelon 100. saintpierreetmiquelon 101. polynesie-française 102. polynésie-française 103. polynesie-francaise 104. polynésie-francaise 105. polynesiefrançaise 106. polynésiefrançaise 107. polynesiefrancaise 108. polynésiefrancaise 109. nouvelle-caledonie 110. nouvelle-calédonie 111. nouvellecaledonie 112. nouvellecalédonie 113. wallis-et-futuna 114. wallisetfutuna 115. terres-australes-et-antarctiques-françaises


116. terres-australes-et-antarctiques-françaises 117. terresaustralesetantarctiquesfrançaises 118. terresaustralesetantarctique-françaises

119. saint-barthélémy 120. saintbarthélémy 121. saint-barthelemy 122. saintbarthelemy 123. saint-martin 124. saintmartin

GERMANY 1. deutschland 2. federalrepublicofgermany 3. bundesrepublik-deutschland 4. bundesrepublikdeutschland 5. allemagne 6. republiquefederaled'allemagne 7. alemanna 8. repúblicafederaldealemania 9. germania 10. repubblicafederaledigermania 11. germany 12. federalrepublicofgermany 13. tyskland 14. forbundsrepublikkentyskland 15. duitsland 16. bondsrepubliekduitsland 17. nemecko 18. spolkovárepublikanemecko 19. alemanha 20. republicafederaldaalemanha 21. niemczech 22. republikafederalnaniemiec 23. németország 24. németországiszövetségiköztársaság 25. vokietijos 26. vokietijosfederacinerespublika 27. vacija 28. vacijasfederativarepublika 29. däitschland 30. bundesrepublikdäitschland 31. germanja 32. repubblikafederalitagermanja 33. gearmaine 34. poblachtchnaidhmenagearmaine 35. saksamaa 36. saksamaaliitvabariik 37. nemcija 38. zweznarepublikanemcija 39. γερμανία 40. saksa 41. saksanliittotasavalta

42. Baden-Württemberg 43. Bavaria 44. Bayern 45. Berlin 46. Brandenburg 47. Bremen 48. Hamburg 49. Hessen 50. Lower-Saxony 51. Mecklenburg-Western-Pomerania 52. Mecklenburg-Vorpommern 53. niedersachsen 54. nordrhein-Westfalen 55. northrhine-Westphalia 56. Rheinland-Pfalz 57. Rhineland-Palatinate 58. Saarland 59. Sachsen 60. Sachsen-Anhalt 61. Saxony 62. Saxony-Anhalt 63. Schleswig-Holstein 64. Thüringen 65. Thuringia 66. Baden-Wuerttemberg 67. bade-wurtemberg 68. le-bade-wurtemberg 69. Baden-Wurttemberg 70. BadenWürttemberg 71. BadenWuerttemberg 72. badewurtemberg 73. lebadewurtemberg 74. BadenWurttemberg 75. Baviera 76. Bavière 77. Freistaat-Bayern 78. FreistaatBayern 79. Free-State-of-Bavaria 80. Stato-Libero-di-Baviera 81. Etat-Libre-Bavière 82. Brandebourg 83. Brandeburgo

REGULATIONS Part 3


84. Brandenburgii 85. freieundhansestadthamburg 86. freie-und-hansestadt-hamburg 87. freiehansestadthamburg 88. freie-hansestadt-hamburg 89. hansestadt-hamburg 90. hansestadthamburg 91. stadthamburg 92. stadt-hamburg 93. hamburg-stadt 94. hamburg 95. landhamburg 96. land-hamburg 97. hamburku 98. hampuriin 99. hamborg 100. hamburgo 101. hambourg 102. amburgo 103. hamburgu 104. hanbao 105. hamburuku 106. hamburk 107. hesse 108. hassia 109. nordrheinwestfalen 110. northrhinewestphalia 111. northrhine-westfalia 112. northrhinewestfalia

113. rhenanie-du-nord-westphalie 114. rhenaniedunordwestphalie 115. lasaxe 116. sachsen 117. sajonia 118. sajónia 119. saksen 120. saksimaa 121. saksio 122. saksonia 123. saksonijos 124. saška 125. saska 126. sasko 127. sassonia 128. saxe 129. saxonia 130. saxónia 131. szászország 132. szaszorszag 133. Σαξωνία 134. саксония 135. freistaat-sachsen 136. sorben 137. serbja 138. Sorben-Wenden 139. Wenden 140. lausitzer-sorben 141. domowina

GREECE 1. Grecia 2. Graekenland 3. Griechenland 4. Hellas 5. Greece 6. Grece 7. Grecia

8. Griekenland 9. Grecia 10. Kreikka 11. Grekland 12. Recko 13. Kreeka 14. Graecia

15. Graikija 16. Gorogorszag 17. Grecja 18. Grecja 19. Grecko 20. Grcija

HUNGARY 1. magyarkoztarsasag 2. republicofhungary 3. republiquedehongrie 4. republikungarn 5. republicadehungria 6. repubblicadiungheria 7. republicadahungria 8. ungerskarepubliken 9. unkarintasavalta 10. denungarskerepublik 11. derepublikhongarije

12. republikawegierska 13. ungarivabariik 14. ungarijasrepublika 15. vengrijosrespublika 16. magyarorszag 17. hungary 18. hongrie 19. ungarn 20. hungria 21. ungheria 22. ungern


23. unkari 24. hongarije 25. wegry 26. madarsko 27. ungari 28. ungarija 29. vengrija 30. magyarköztársaság 31. magyarország 32. madarskarepublika 33. republikamadzarska 34. madzarsko 35. ουγγαρια 36. ουγρικιδεμοκρατια

37. nyugatdunántúl 38. középdunántúl 39. déldunántúl 40. középmagyarország 41. északmagyarország 42. északalföld 43. délalföld 44. nyugatdunantul 45. kozepdunantul 46. deldunantul 47. kozepmagyarorszag 48. eszakmagyarorszag 49. eszakalfold 50. delalfold

IRELAND 1. irlanda 2. irsko 3. irland 4. iirimaa 5. ireland 6. irlande 7. irlanda 8. Īrija

9. Airija 10. Írország 11. L-Irlanda 12. iρλανδία 13. ierland 14. irlandia 15. Írsko 16. irska

17. irlanti 18. irland 19. .irlande 20. Ιρλανδία 21. irlande 22. republicofireland 23. eire

ITALY 1. Repubblica-Italiana 2. RepubblicaItaliana 3. Italia 4. Italy 5. Italian 6. Italien 7. Italija 8. Itália 9. Italië 10. Italien 11. Itálie 12. Italie 13. Olaszország

14. Itālija 15. Włochy 16. Ιταλία 17. Italja 18. Taliansko 19. Itaalia 20. Abruzzo 21. Basilicata 22. Calabria 23. Campania 24. Emilia-Romagna 25. Friuli-VeneziaGiulia 26. Lazio

27. Liguria 28. Lombardia 29. Marche 30. Molise 31. Piemonte 32. Puglia 33. Sardegna 34. Sicilia 35. Toscana 36. Trentino-AltoAdige 37. Umbria 38. Valled'Aosta 39. Veneto

LATVIA 1. Λετονία 2. Lettorszag 3. Latvja 4. Letland 5. Lotwa 6. Letonia 7. Lotyssko

8. Latvija 9. Lettland 10. Latvia 11. Lotyssko 12. Letland 13. Lettland 14. Lati

15. Letonia 16. Lettonie 17. Lettonia 18. Republicoflatvia 19. Latvijskajarespublika

REGULATIONS Part 3


LITHUANIA 1. lietuva 2. leedu 3. liettua 4. litauen 5. lithouania 6. lithuania 7. litouwen 8. lituania 9. lituanie 10. litva 11. litván 12. litvania 13. litvanya 14. litwa 15. litwanja 16. liettuan 17. litevská 18. lietuvas 19. litwy 20. litovska 21. aukstaitija 22. zemaitija 23. dzukija 24. suvalkija 25. suduva 26. lietuvos-respublika 27. lietuvos_respublika 28. lietuvosrespublika 29. republic-of-lithuania 30. republic_of_lithuania 31. republiclithuania 32. republicoflithuania 33. republique-de-lituanie 34. republique_de_lituanie 35. republiquelituanie 36. republiquedelituanie 37. republica-de-lituania 38. republica_de_lituania 39. republicalituania 40. republicadelituania 41. litovskajarespublika 42. litovskaja-respublika 43. litovskaja_respublika 44. litauensrepublik 45. litauens-republik 46. litauens_republic 47. republiklitauen

48. republik-litauen 49. republic_litauen 50. δημοκρατιατησλιθουανιας 51. δημοκρατια-της-λιθουανιας 52. δημοκρατια_της_λιθουανιας 53. δημοκρατίατηςΛιθουανίας 54. δημοκρατία-της-Λιθουανίας 55. δημοκρατία_της_Λιθουανίας 56. repubblicadilituania 57. repubblica-di-lituania 58. repubblica_di_lituania 59. republieklitouwen 60. republiek-litouwen 61. republiek_litouwen 62. republicadalituania 63. republica-da-lituania 64. republica_da_lituania 65. liettuantasavalta 66. liettuan-tasavalta 67. liettuan_tasavalta 68. republikenLitauen 69. republiken-litauen 70. republiken_litauen 71. litevskárepublika 72. litevská-republika 73. litevská_republika 74. leeduvabariik 75. leedu-vabariik 76. leedu_vabariik 77. lietuvasrepublika 78. lietuvas-republika 79. lietuvas_republika 80. litvánköztársaság 81. litván-köztársaság 82. litván_köztársaság 83. repubblikatallitwanja 84. repubblika-tal-litwanja 85. repubblika_tal_litwanja 86. republikalitwy 87. republika-litwy 88. republika_litwy 89. litovskarepublika 90. litovska-republika 91. litovska_republika 92. republikalitva 93. republika-litva 94. republika_litva

LUXEMBOURG 1. Luxembourg 2. Luxemburg 3. letzebuerg


MALTA 1. malta 2. malte 3. melita 4. republicofmalta 5. republic-of-malta 6. therepublicofmalta

7. the-republic-of-malta 8. repubblikatamalta 9. repubblika-ta-malta 10. maltarepublic

11. maltarepubblika 12. gozo 13. ghawdex

NETHERLANDS 1. nederland 2. holland 3. thenetherlands

4. netherlands 5. lespaysbas 6. hollande

7. dieniederlande 8. lospaisesbajos 9. holanda

POLAND 1. rzeczpospolitapolska 2. rzeczpospolita_polska 3. rzeczpospolita-polska 4. polska 5. polonia 6. lenkija

7. poland 8. polen 9. pologne 10. polsko 11. poola 12. puola

PORTUGAL 1. republicaportuguesa 2. portugal 3. portugália 4. portugalia 5. portugali 6. portugalska 7. portugalsko 8. portogallo 9. portugalija 10. portekiz 11. πορτογαλία 12. portugāle 13. aveiro 14. beja 15. braga 16. bragança 17. castelobranco 18. coimbra 19. evora 20. faro 21. guarda 22. leiria 23. lisboa 24. portalegre 25. porto

26. santarem 27. setubal 28. vianadocastelo 29. viseu 30. vilareal 31. madeira 32. açores 33. alentejo 34. algarve 35. altoalentejo 36. baixoalentejo 37. beiraalta 38. beirabaixa 39. beirainterior 40. beiralitoral 41. beiratransmontana 42. douro 43. dourolitoral 44. entredouroeminho 45. estremadura 46. minho 47. ribatejo 48. tras-os-montes-e-alto-douro 49. acores

REGULATIONS Part 3


SLOVAKIA 1. slowakische-republik 2. republique-slovaque 3. slovakiki-dimokratia 4. slovenska-republika 5. slovakiske-republik 6. slovaki-vabariik 7. slovakian-tasavalta 8. slovakikidimokratia 9. slovakiki-dimokratia 10. szlovak-koztarsasag 11. slovak-republic 12. repubblica-slovacca 13. slovakijas-republika 14. slovakijos-respublika 15. repubblika-slovakka 16. slowaakse-republiek 17. republika-slowacka 18. republica-eslovaca 19. slovaska-republika 20. republica-eslovaca 21. slovakiska-republiken 22. σλοßακικη-δημοκρατια 23. slowakischerepublik 24. republiqueslovaque 25. slovenskarepublika 26. slovakiskerepublik 27. slovakivabariik 28. slovakiantasavalta 29. szlovakkoztarsasag 30. slovakrepublic 31. repubblicaslovacca 32. slovakijasrepublika 33. slovakijosrespublika 34. repubblikaslovakka 35. slowaakserepubliek 36. republikaslowacka 37. republicaeslovaca 38. slovaskarepublika 39. republicaeslovaca 40. slovakiskarepubliken

41. σλοßακικηδημοκρατια 42. slowakei 43. slovaquie 44. slovakia 45. slovensko 46. slovakiet 47. slovakkia 48. szlovakia 49. slovacchia 50. slovakija 51. slowakije 52. slowacija 53. eslovaquia 54. slovaska 55. σλοßακικη 56. slovakien 57. république-slovaque 58. slovenská-republika 59. szlovák-köztársaság 60. slovākijos-respublika 61. republika-słowacka 62. república-eslovaca 63. slovaška-republika 64. slovačka-republika 65. lýdveldid-slovakia 66. républiqueslovaque 67. slovenskárepublika 68. szlovákköztársaság 69. slovākijosrespublika 70. republikasłowacka 71. repúblicaeslovaca 72. slovaškarepublika 73. slovačkarepublika 74. lýdveldidslovakia 75. szlovákia 76. slovākija 77. słowacija 78. slovaška 79. slovačka

SLOVENIA 1. slovenija 2. slovenia 3. slowenien 4. slovenie 5. la-slovenie 6. laslovenie 7. eslovenia 8. republikaslovenija

9. republika-slovenija 10. republicofslovenia 11. republic-of-slovenia 12. szlovenia 13. szlovenkoztarsasag 14. szloven-koztarsasag 15. repubblicadislovenia 16. repubblica-di-slovenia


SPAIN 1. españa 2. reinodeespana 3. reino-de-espana 4. espagne 5. espana 6. espanha 7. espanja 8. espanya 9. hispaania 10. hiszpania 11. ispanija 12. spagna 13. spain 14. spanielsko 15. spanien 16. spanija 17. spanje 18. reinodeespaña 19. reino-de-españa 20. španielsko 21. spānija 22. španija 23. španiělsko 24. espainia 25. ispania 26. ισπανια 27. andalucia 28. andalucía 29. andalousie 30. andalusia 31. andalusien 32. juntadeandalucia 33. juntadeandalucía 34. aragon 35. aragón 36. gobiernodearagon 37. gobiernoaragón 38. principadodeasturias 39. principaudasturies 40. asturias 41. asturies 42. illesbalears 43. islasbaleares 44. canarias 45. gobiernodecanarias 46. canaryisland 47. kanarischeinseln 48. cantabria 49. gobiernodecantabria 50. castillalamancha 51. castilla-lamancha

52. castillayleon 53. castillayleón 54. juntadecastillayleon 55. juntadecastillayleón 56. generalitatdecatalunya 57. generalitatdecataluña 58. catalunya 59. cataluña 60. katalonien 61. catalonia 62. catalogna 63. catalogne 64. cataloniě 65. katalonias 66. catalunha 67. kataloniens 68. katalonian 69. catalonië 70. extremadura 71. comunidadautonomadeextremadura 72. comunidadautónomadeextremadura 73. xuntadegalicia 74. comunidadautonomadegalicia 75. comunidaautónomadegalicia 76. comunidadeautonomadegalicia 77. comunidadeautónomadegalicia 78. larioja 79. gobiernodelarioja 80. comunidadmadrid 81. madridregion 82. regionmadrid 83. madrid 84. murciaregion 85. murciaregión 86. murciaregione 87. murciaregiao 88. regiondemurcia 89. regióndemurcia 90. regionofmurcia 91. regionvonmurcia 92. regionedimurcia 93. regiaodomurcia 94. navarra 95. nafarroa 96. navarre 97. navarracomunidadforal 98. nafarroaforukomunitatea 99. nafarroaforuerkidegoa 100. communauteforaledenavarre

REGULATIONS Part 3


101. communautéforaledenavarre 102. foralcommunityofnavarra 103. paisvasco 104. paísvasco 105. euskadi 106. euskalherria 107. paisbasc 108. basquecountry 109. paysbasque 110. paesebasco 111. baskenland 112. paisbasco 113. χώρατωνβάσκων 114. gobiernovasco 115. euskojaurlaritza

116. governbasc 117. basquegovernment 118. gouvernementbasque 119. governobasco 120. baskischeregierung 121. baskitschebestuur 122. κυβέρνησητωνβάσκων 123. comunidad-valenciana 124. comunidadvalenciana 125. comunitat-valenciana 126. comunitatvalenciana 127. ceuta 128. gobiernoceuta 129. melilla 130. gobiernomelilla

SWEDEN 1. suecia 2. reinodesuecia 3. sverige 4. kongerietsverige 5. schweden 6. königreichschweden 7. konigreichschweden 8. σουηδία 9. ΒασίλειοτηςΣουηδίας 10. sweden 11. kingdomofsweden 12. suède 13. suede 14. royaumedesuède 15. royaumedesuede 16. svezia 17. regnodisvezia

18. zweden 19. koninkrijkzweden 20. suécia 21. reinodasuécia 22. reinodasuecia 23. ruotsi 24. ruotsinkuningaskunta 25. konungariketsverige 26. švédsko 27. rootsi 28. svedija 29. svédorszag 30. svedorszag 31. l-isvezja 32. szweja 33. švedska 34. svedska

UNITED KINGDOM 1. unitedkingdom 2. united-kingdom 3. united_kingdom 4. greatbritain 5. great-britain

6. great_britain 7. britain 8. cymru 9. england 10. northernireland

11. northern-ireland 12. northern_ireland 13. scotland 14. wales

2. List of names per country and the countries that can reserve them BULGARIA 1. българия 2. bulgaria 3. bulharsko 4. bulgarien

5. bulgaaria 6. βουλγαρία 7. bulgarie 8. bulgarija


9. bulgarije 10. bolgarija 11. republicofbulgaria 12. the-republic-of-bulgaria 13. the_republic_of_bulgaria 14. republic-of-bulgaria 15. republic_of_bulgaria 16. republicbulgaria 17. republic-bulgaria 18. republic_bulgaria 19. repubblicadibulgaria 20. repubblica-di-bulgaria 21. repubblica_di_bulgaria 22. repubblicabulgaria 23. repubblica-bulgaria 24. repubblica_bulgaria 25. republikbulgarien 26. republik-bulgarien 27. republik_bulgarien 28. bulgaariavabariik 29. bulgaaria-vabariik 30. bulgaaria_vabariik 31. δημοκρατιατησβουλγαριας 32. δημοκρατια-της-βουλγαριας 33. δημοκρατια_της_βουλγαριας 34. republiekbulgarije 35. republiek-bulgarije 36. republiek_bulgarije 37. republikabolgarija 38. republika-bolgarija 39. republika_bolgarija 40. republikabulgaria

41. republika-bulgaria 42. republika_bulgaria 43. bulharskarepublica 44. bulharska-republica 45. bulharska_republica 46. republiquebulgarie 47. republique-bulgarie 48. republique_bulgarie 49. republicabulgarija 50. republica-bulgārija 51. republica_bulgārija 52. repúblikabulgária 53. repúblika-bulgária 54. repúblika_bulgária 55. repúblicabulgaria 56. república-bulgaria 57. república_bulgaria 58. bulgarja 59. bălgarija 60. bulgariantasavalta 61. bulgarian-tasavalta 62. bulgarian_tasavalta 63. republikenbulgarien 64. republiken-bulgarien 65. republiken_bulgarien 66. repulicabulgaria 67. repulica-bulgaria 68. repulica_bulgaria 69. köztársaságbulgária 70. köztársaság-bulgária 71. köztársaság_bulgária

CROATIA 1. croatia 2. kroatia 3. kroatien 4. kroatien 5. croazia 6. kroatien 7. croacia 8. croatie 9. horvátország 10. horvatorszag

11. kroatië 12. kroatie 13. chorwacja 14. κροατία 15. chorvatsko 16. charvátsko 17. horvaatia 18. kroaatia 19. croácia 20. croacia

21. horvātija 22. horvatija 23. kroatija 24. kroazja 25. chorvátsko 26. chrovatsko 27. hrvaška 28. hrvaska

REGULATIONS Part 3


ICELAND 1. arepublicadeislândia 2. deijslandrepubliek 3. deijslandrepubliek 4. derepubliekvanijsland 5. derepubliekvanijsland 6. iceland 7. icelandrepublic 8. iepublikaislande 9. ijsland 10. island 11. islanda 12. islande 13. islandia 14. islândia 15. islandica 16. islandrepublik 17. islandskylisejnik 18. islannintasavalta 19. islanti 20. izland 21. ísland 22. íslenskalýðveldið

23. köztársaságizland 24. larepubblicadiislanda 25. larepúblicadeislandia 26. larépubliquedislande 27. lislande 28. lýðveldiðísland 29. puklerkaislandska 30. rahvavabariikisland 31. repubblicadiislanda 32. repubblikataisland 33. republicoficeland 34. republikaisland 35. republikaislandia 36. republikavisland 37. republikkenisland 38. republikvonisland 39. repúblicadeislandia 40. repúblicadeislândia 41. républiquedislande 42. ΔημοκρατίατηςΙσλανδίας 43. Ισλανδία

LIECHTENSTEIN 1. fyrstendømmetliechtenstein 2. fürstentumliechtenstein 3. principalityofliechtenstein 4. liechtensteinivürstiriiki 5. liechtensteininruhtinaskunta 6. principautédeliechtenstein 7. πριγκιπάτοτουλιχτενστάιν 8. furstadæmisinsliechtensteins 9. principatodelliechtenstein 10. lichtenšteinokunigaikštystė 11. lihtenšteinasfirstiste

12. prinċipalitàtal-liechtenstein 13. vorstendomliechtenstein 14. fyrstedømmetliechtenstein 15. księstwoliechtenstein 16. principadodoliechtenstein 17. furstendömetliechtenstein 18. lichtenštajnskékniežatstvo 19. kneževinolihtenštajn 20. principadodeliechtenstein 21. lichtenštejnskéknížectví 22. lichtensteinihercegség

NORWAY 1. norge 2. noreg 3. norway 4. norwegen 5. norvege 6. norvège 7. noruega 8. norvegia 9. norvégia 10. norsko 11. nórsko 12. norra

13. norja 14. norvegija 15. norvēģija 16. noorwegen 17. Νορßηγία 18. norvegja 19. norveġja 20. norveska 21. norveška 22. norwegia 23. norga


ROMANIA 1. românia 2. romania 3. roumanie 4. rumänien 5. rumanien 6. rumanía 7. rumænien 8. roménia 9. romênia 10. romenia

11. rumunia 12. rumunsko 13. romunija 14. rumãnija 15. rumunija 16. rumeenia 17. ρουμανία 18. románia 19. rumanija 20. roemenië

TURKEY 1. turkiye 2. Türkiye

3. Turkiyecumhuriyeti 4. türkiyecumhuriyeti


Part 4

Regulation (EC) No 1255/2007 of 25 October 2007 amending Commission Regulation (EC) No

874/2004 laying down public policy rules concerning the implementation and functions of the .eu Top








REGULATIONS Part 4



of 25 October 2007

amending Commission Regulation (EC) No 874/2004 laying down public policy rules concerning the implementation and functions of the .eu Top Level Domain and the principles governing registration

(Text with EEA relevance)

THE COMMISSION OF THE EUROPEAN COMMUNITIES, Having regard to the Treaty establishing the European Community, Having regard to Regulation (EC) No 733/2002 of the European Parliament and of the Council of 22 April 2002 on the implementation of the .eu Top Level Domain


Having consulted the Registry in accordance with Article 5(1) of Regulation (EC) No 733/2002, Whereas: (1) Commission Regulation (EC) No 874/2004 of 28 April 2004

2

implements Regulation (EC) No 733/2002 by laying down the public policy rules concerning the implementation and functions of the .eu Top Level Domain and the principles governing registration. (2) Article 8 of Regulation (EC) No 874/2004 implements the public policy rules concerning geographical concepts by providing for a procedure to permit Member States, candidate countries and all the members of the European Economic Area to request the registration or the reservation of their name by their national governments. In pursuance of this objective, and with a view to fully guaranteeing the geopolitical and linguistic diversity of the European Union and the interest of both Member States and European citizens, on 10 October 2005 Regulation (EC) No 874/2004 was amended by Commission Regulation (EC) No 1654/2005 amending Regulation (EC) No 874/2004 laying down public policy rules concerning the implementation and functions of the .eu Top Level Domain and the principles governing registration. Article 1(3) of Regulation (EC) No 1654/2005 added an Annex including a list of names which are reserved for each Member State for registration and a list of

1 OJ L 113, 30.4.2002, p. 1.

2 OJ L 162, 30.4.2004, p. 40. Regulation as amended by Regulation (EC) No

1654/2005 (OJ L 266, 11.10.2005, p. 35).


names which can be reserved by certain third countries, including candidate countries to accession to the European Union. (3) On 1 January 2007 Bulgaria and Romania acceded to the European Union. Accordingly, Bulgaria and Romania should have the possibility to register the domain names that have been reserved for them according to Article 8 of Regulation (EC) No 874/2004. In order to ensure legal clarity that these two Member States have such possibility, the annex included by Regulation (EC) No 874/2004 should be amended. (4) The measures provided for in this Regulation are in accordance with the opinion of the Communications Committee established by Article 22(1) of Directive 2002/21/EC of the European Parliament and of the Council of 7 March 2002 on a common regulatory framework for electronic communications networks and services (Framework Directive)

3,

HAS ADOPTED THIS REGULATION: Article 1 The Annex to Commission Regulation (EC) No 874/2004 is replaced by the Annex to this Regulation. Article 2 This Regulation shall enter into force on the day following that of its publication in the Official Journal of the European Union. This Regulation shall be binding in its entirety and directly applicable in all Member States. Done at Brussels, 25 October 2007. For the Commission Viviane REDING Member of the Commission

3 OJ L 108, 24.4.2002, p. 33. Directive as amended by Regulation (EC) No

717/2007 (OJ L 171, 29.6.2007, p. 32).

REGULATIONS Part 4


ANNEX 1. List of names per country and the countries that can register them AUSTRIA 1. österreich 2. oesterreich 3. republik-österreich 4. republik-oesterreich 5. afstria 6. dimokratia-afstria 7. østrig 8. republikken-østrig 9. oestrig 10. austria 11. republic-austria 12. república-austria 13. autriche 14. république-autriche 15. oostenrijk 16. republiek-oostenrijk 17. república-austria 18. itävalta 19. itävallan-tasavalta 20. itaevalta 21. österrike 22. oesterrike 23. republik-österrike 24. rakousko 25. republika-rakousko 26. repubblica-austria 27. austrija 28. republika-austrija 29. respublika-austrija 30. ausztria 31. Osztrák-Köztársaság

32. Republika-Austriacka 33. rakúsko 34. republika-rakúsko 35. avstrija 36. republika-avstrija 37. awstrija 38. republika-awstrija 39. republikösterreich 40. republikoesterreich 41. dimokratiaafstria 42. republikkenøstrig 43. republicaustria 44. repúblicaaustria 45. républiqueautriche 46. repubblicaaustria 47. republiekoostenrijk 48. repúblicaaustria 49. tasavaltaitävalta 50. republikösterrike 51. republikarakousko 52. republikaaustrija 53. respublikaaustrija 54. OsztrákKöztársaság 55. RepublikaAustriacka 56. republikarakúsko 57. republikaavstrija 58. republikaawstrija 59. aostria 60. vabariik-aostria 61. vabariikaostria

BELGIUM 1. belgie 2. belgië 3. belgique 4. belgien 5. belgium 6. bélgica 7. belgica 8. belgio 9. belgia 10. belgija 11. vlaanderen 12. wallonie 13. wallonië

14. brussel 15. vlaamse-gemeenschap 16. franse-gemeenschap 17. duitstalige-gemeenschap 18. vlaams-gewest 19. waals-gewest 20. brussels-hoofdstedelijk-gewest 21. flandre 22. bruxelles 23. communauté-flamande 24. communaute-flamande 25. communauté-française 26. communaute-francaise


27. communaute-germanophone 28. communauté-germanophone 29. région-flamande 30. region-flamande

31. région-wallonne 32. region-wallonne 33. région-de-bruxelles-capitale 34. region-de-bruxelles-capitale

35. flandern 36. wallonien 37. bruessel 38. brüssel 39. flaemische-gemeinschaft 40. flämische-gemeinschaft 41. franzoesische-gemeinschaft 42. französische-gemeinschaft 43. deutschsprachige-gemeinschaft 44. flaemische-region 45. flämische-region 46. wallonische-region 47. region-bruessel-hauptstadt 48. region-brüssel-hauptstadt 49. flanders 50. wallonia 51. brussels 52. flemish-community 53. french-community 54. german-speaking-community 55. flemish-region 56. walloon-region 57. brussels-capital-region 58. flandes 59. valonia 60. bruselas 61. comunidad-flamenca 62. comunidad-francesa 63. comunidad-germanófona 64. comunidad-germanofona 65. region-flamenca 66. región-flamenca 67. region-valona 68. región-valona 69. region-de-bruselas-capital 70. región-de-bruselas-capital 71. fiandre 72. vallonia 73. communita-fiamminga 74. communità-fiamminga 75. communita-francese 76. communità-francese 77. communita-di-lingua-tedesca 78. communità-di-lingua-tedesca 79. regione-fiamminga 80. regione-vallona 81. regione-di-bruxelles-capitale 82. flandres 83. bruxelas

84. comunidade-flamenga 85. comunidade-francofona 86. comunidade-germanofona 87. regiao-flamenga 88. região-flamenga 89. regiao-vala 90. região-vala 91. regiao-de-bruxelas-capital 92. região-de-bruxelas-capital 93. vallonien 94. bryssel 95. flamlaendskt-spraakomraade 96. fransktalande-spraakomraade 97. tysktalande-spraakomraade 98. flamlaendska-regionen 99. vallonska-regionen 100. bryssel-huvustad 101. det-flamske-sprogsamfund 102. det-franske-sprogsamfund 103. det-tysktalende-sprogsamfund 104. den-flamske-region 105. den-vallonske-region 106. regionen-bruxelles-hovedstadsomraadet 107. flanderi 108. flaaminkielinen-yhteiso 109. ranskankielinen-yhteiso 110. saksankielinen-yhteiso 111. flanderin-alue 112. vallonian-alue 113. brysselin-alue 114. flandry 115. valonsko 116. brusel 117. vlamske-spolecenstvi 118. francouzske-spolecenstvi 119. germanofonni-spolecenstvi 120. vlamsky-region 121. valonsky-region 122. region-brusel 123. flandrija 124. valonija 125. bruselj 126. flamska-skupnost 127. frankofonska-skupnost 128. germanofonska-skupnost 129. flamska-regija 130. valonska-regija 131. regija-bruselj

REGULATIONS Part 4


BULGARIA 1. българия 2. bulgaria 3. bulharsko 4. bulgarien 5. bulgaaria 6. βουλγαρία 7. bulgarie 8. bulgarija 9. bulgarije 10. bolgarija 11. republicofbulgaria 12. the-republic-of-bulgaria 13. the_republic_of_bulgaria 14. republic-of-bulgaria 15. republic_of_bulgaria 16. republicbulgaria 17. republic-bulgaria 18. republic_bulgaria 19. repubblicadibulgaria 20. repubblica-di-bulgaria 21. repubblica_di_bulgaria 22. repubblicabulgaria 23. repubblica-bulgaria 24. repubblica_bulgaria 25. republikbulgarien 26. republik-bulgarien 27. republik_bulgarien 28. bulgaariavabariik 29. bulgaaria-vabariik 30. bulgaaria_vabariik 31. δημοκρατιατησβουλγαριας 32. δημοκρατια-της-βουλγαριας 33. δημοκρατια_της_βουλγαριας 34. republiekbulgarije 35. republiek-bulgarije 36. republiek_bulgarije

37. republikabolgarija 38. republika-bolgarija 39. republika_bolgarija 40. republikabulgaria 41. republika-bulgaria 42. republika_bulgaria 43. bulharskarepublica 44. bulharska-republica 45. bulharska_republica 46. republiquebulgarie 47. republique-bulgarie 48. republique_bulgarie 49. republicabulgarija 50. republica-bulgārija 51. republica_bulgārija 52. repúblikabulgária 53. repúblika-bulgária 54. repúblika_bulgária 55. repúblicabulgaria 56. república-bulgaria 57. república_bulgaria 58. bulgarja 59. bălgarija 60. bulgariantasavalta 61. bulgarian-tasavalta 62. bulgarian_tasavalta 63. republikenbulgarien 64. republiken-bulgarien 65. republiken_bulgarien 66. repulicabulgaria 67. repulica-bulgaria 68. repulica_bulgaria 69. köztársaságbulgária 70. köztársaság-bulgária 71. köztársaság_bulgária

CYPRUS 1. cypern 2. cyprus 3. cyprus 4. kypros 5. chypre 6. zypern 7. κυπρος 8. cipro 9. chipre 10. chipre 11. cypern 12. anchipír

13. kypr 14. küpros 15. ciprus 16. kipras 17. kipra 18. ćipru 19. cypr 20. ciper 21. cyprus 22. kibris 23. republikkencypern 24. republiekcyprus


25. republicofcyprus 26. kyproksentasavalta 27. republiquedechypre 28. republikzypern 29. κυπριακηδημοκρατια 30. repubblicadicipro 31. republicadechipre 32. republicadechipre 33. cypernsrepublik 34. poblachtnacipíre

35. kyperskarepublika 36. küprosevabariik 37. ciprusiköztàrsasàg 38. kiprorespublika 39. kiprasrepublika 40. republikata’ćipru

41. republikacypryjska 42. republikaciper 43. cyperskarepublika 44. kibriscumhuriyeti

CZECH REPUBLIC 1. ceska-republika 2. den-tjekkiske-republik 3. tschechische-republik 4. tsehhi-vabariik 5. τσεχικη-δημοκρατια 6. czech-republic 7. repulica-checa 8. republique-tcheque 9. repubblica-ceca 10. cehijas-republika 11. cekijos-respublika 12. cseh-koztarsasag 13. repubblica-ceka 14. tsjechische-republiek 15. republika-czeska 16. republica-checa 17. ceska-republika 18. ceska-republika 19. tsekin-tasavalta 20. tjeckiska-republiken 21. ceskarepublika 22. dentjekkiskerepublik 23. tschechischerepublik 24. tsehhivabariik 25. τσεχικηδημοκρατια 26. czechrepublic 27. repulicacheca 28. republiquetcheque 29. repubblicaceca 30. cehijasrepublika 31. cekijosrespublika 32. csehkoztarsasag 33. repubblicaceka 34. tsjechischerepubliek 35. republikaczeska 36. republicacheca 37. ceskarepublika 38. ceskarepublika 39. tsekintasavalta 40. tjeckiskarepubliken

41. czech 42. cesko 43. tjekkiet 44. tschechien 45. tsehhi 46. τσεχια 47. czechia 48. chequia 49. tchequie 50. cechia 51. cehija 52. cekija 53. csehorszag 54. tsjechie 55. czechy 56. chequia 57. ceska 58. tsekinmaa 59. tjeckien 60. cechy 61. česka-republika 62. tsehhi-vabariik 63. republica-checa 64. republique-tcheque 65. čehijas-republika 66. cseh-köztarsasag 67. republica-checa 68. česka-republika 69. českarepublika 70. tsehhivabariik 71. republicacheca 72. republiquetcheque 73. čehijasrepublika 74. csehköztarsasag 75. republicacheca 76. českarepublika 77. česko 78. tsjechië 79. tsehhi 80. chequia

REGULATIONS Part 4


81. tchequie 82. čehija 83. csehorszag

84. česka 85. čechy







FINLAND 1. suomi 2. finland 3. finska 4. finskó 5. finlândia

6. finlandia 7. finlandja 8. finnország 9. suomija 10. somija

11. finlande 12. φινλανδία 13. soomi 14. finnland 15. finsko

FRANCE 1. francia 2. francie 3. frankrig 4. frankreich 5. prantsusmaa 6. γαλλια 7. gallia 8. france 9. france 10. francia 11. francija 12. prancūzija 13. prancuzija 14. franciaország 15. franciaorszag 16. franza 17. frankrijk 18. francja 19. frança 20. francúzsko 21. francuzsko 22. francija 23. ranska

24. frankrike 25. französischerepublik 26. französische-republik 27. französische_republik 28. franzosischerepublik 29. franzosische-republik 30. franzosische_republik 31. franzoesischerepublik 32. franzoesische-republik 33. franzoesische_republik 34. frenchrepublic 35. french-republic 36. french_republic 37. republiquefrançaise 38. republique-française 39. republique_française 40. républiquefrançaise 41. république-française 42. république_française 43. republiquefrancaise 44. republique-francaise 45. republique_francaise 46. républiquefrancaise


47. république-francaise 48. république_francaise 49. alsace 50. auvergne 51. aquitaine 52. basse-normandie 53. bassenormandie 54. bourgogne 55. bretagne 56. centre

57. champagne-ardenne 58. champagneardenne 59. corse 60. franche-comte 61. franche-comté 62. franchecomte 63. franchecomté 64. haute-normandie 65. hautenormandie 66. ile-de-France

67. île-de-France 68. iledeFrance 69. îledeFrance 70. languedoc-roussillon 71. languedocroussillon 72. limousin 73. lorraine 74. midi-pyrenees 75. midi-pyrénées 76. midipyrenees 77. midipyrénées 78. nord-pas-de-calais 79. nordpasdecalais 80. paysdelaloire 81. pays-de-la-loire 82. picardie 83. poitou-charentes 84. poitoucharentes 85. provence-alpes-cote-d-azur 86. provence-alpes-côte-d-azur 87. provencealpescotedazur 88. provencealpescôtedazur 89. rhone-alpes 90. rhône-alpes 91. rhonealpes 92. rhônealpes 93. guadeloupe 94. guyane 95. martinique 96. reunion 97. réunion 98. mayotte

99. saint-pierre-et-miquelon 100. saintpierreetmiquelon 101. polynesie-française 102. polynésie-française 103. polynesie-francaise 104. polynésie-francaise 105. polynesiefrançaise 106. polynésiefrançaise 107. polynesiefrancaise 108. polynésiefrancaise 109. nouvelle-caledonie 110. nouvelle-calédonie 111. nouvellecaledonie 112. nouvellecalédonie 113. wallis-et-futuna 114. wallisetfutuna 115. terres-australes-et-antarctiques-françaises 116. terres-australes-et-antarctiques-françaises 117. terresaustralesetantarctiquesfrançaises 118. terresaustralesetantarctique-françaises 119. saint-barthélémy 120. saintbarthélémy 121. saint-barthelemy 122. saintbarthelemy 123. saint-martin 124. saintmartin

GERMANY 1. deutschland 2. federalrepublicofgermany 3. bundesrepublik-deutschland 4. bundesrepublikdeutschland 5. allemagne 6. republiquefederaled'allemagne 7. alemanna 8. repúblicafederaldealemania

9. germania 10. repubblicafederaledigermania 11. germany 12. federalrepublicofgermany 13. tyskland 14. forbundsrepublikkentyskland 15. duitsland 16. bondsrepubliekduitsland

REGULATIONS Part 4


17. nemecko 18. spolkovárepublikanemecko 19. alemanha 20. republicafederaldaalemanha 21. niemczech 22. republikafederalnaniemiec 23. németország 24. németországiszövetségiköztársaság 25. vokietijos

26. vokietijosfederacinerespublika 27. vacija 28. vacijasfederativarepublika 29. däitschland 30. bundesrepublikdäitschland 31. germanja 32. repubblikafederalitagermanja 33. gearmaine 34. poblachtchnaidhmenagearmaine

35. saksamaa 36. saksamaaliitvabariik 37. nemcija 38. zweznarepublikanemcija 39. γερμανία 40. saksa 41. saksanliittotasavalta 42. Baden-Württemberg 43. Bavaria 44. Bayern 45. Berlin 46. Brandenburg 47. Bremen 48. Hamburg 49. Hessen 50. Lower-Saxony 51. Mecklenburg-Western-Pomerania 52. Mecklenburg-Vorpommern 53. niedersachsen 54. nordrhein-Westfalen 55. northrhine-Westphalia 56. Rheinland-Pfalz 57. Rhineland-Palatinate 58. Saarland 59. Sachsen 60. Sachsen-Anhalt 61. Saxony 62. Saxony-Anhalt 63. Schleswig-Holstein 64. Thüringen 65. Thuringia 66. Baden-Wuerttemberg 67. bade-wurtemberg 68. le-bade-wurtemberg 69. Baden-Wurttemberg 70. BadenWürttemberg 71. BadenWuerttemberg 72. badewurtemberg 73. lebadewurtemberg 74. BadenWurttemberg 75. Baviera 76. Bavière

77. Freistaat-Bayern 78. FreistaatBayern 79. Free-State-of-Bavaria 80. Stato-Libero-di-Baviera 81. Etat-Libre-Bavière 82. Brandebourg 83. Brandeburgo 84. Brandenburgii 85. freieundhansestadthamburg 86. freie-und-hansestadt-hamburg 87. freiehansestadthamburg 88. freie-hansestadt-hamburg 89. hansestadt-hamburg 90. hansestadthamburg 91. stadthamburg 92. stadt-hamburg 93. hamburg-stadt 94. hamburg 95. landhamburg 96. land-hamburg 97. hamburku 98. hampuriin 99. hamborg 100. hamburgo 101. hambourg 102. amburgo 103. hamburgu 104. hanbao 105. hamburuku 106. hamburk 107. hesse 108. hassia 109. nordrheinwestfalen 110. northrhinewestphalia 111. northrhine-westfalia 112. northrhinewestfalia 113. rhenanie-du-nord-westphalie 114. rhenaniedunordwestphalie 115. lasaxe 116. sachsen 117. sajonia 118. sajónia 119. saksen


120. saksimaa 121. saksio 122. saksonia 123. saksonijos 124. saška 125. saska 126. sasko 127. sassonia 128. saxe 129. saxonia 130. saxónia

131. szászország 132. szaszorszag 133. Σαξωνία 134. саксония 135. freistaat-sachsen 136. sorben 137. serbja 138. Sorben-Wenden 139. Wenden 140. lausitzer-sorben 141. domowina

GREECE 1. Grecia 2. Graekenland 3. Griechenland 4. Hellas 5. Greece 6. Grece 7. Grecia

8. Griekenland 9. Grecia 10. Kreikka 11. Grekland 12. Recko 13. Kreeka 14. Graecia

15. Graikija 16. Gorogorszag 17. Grecja 18. Grecja 19. Grecko 20. Grcija

HUNGARY 1. magyarkoztarsasag 2. republicofhungary 3. republiquedehongrie 4. republikungarn 5. republicadehungria 6. repubblicadiungheria 7. republicadahungria 8. ungerskarepubliken 9. unkarintasavalta 10. denungarskerepublik 11. derepublikhongarije 12. republikawegierska 13. ungarivabariik 14. ungarijasrepublika 15. vengrijosrespublika 16. magyarorszag 17. hungary 18. hongrie 19. ungarn 20. hungria 21. ungheria 22. ungern 23. unkari 24. hongarije 25. wegry

26. madarsko 27. ungari 28. ungarija 29. vengrija 30. magyarköztársaság 31. magyarország 32. madarskarepublika 33. republikamadzarska 34. madzarsko 35. ουγγαρια 36. ουγρικιδεμοκρατια 37. nyugatdunántúl 38. középdunántúl 39. déldunántúl 40. középmagyarország 41. északmagyarország 42. északalföld 43. délalföld 44. nyugatdunantul 45. kozepdunantul 46. deldunantul 47. kozepmagyarorszag 48. eszakmagyarorszag 49. eszakalfold 50. delalfold

REGULATIONS Part 4


IRELAND 1. irlanda 2. irsko 3. irland 4. iirimaa 5. ireland 6. irlande 7. irlanda 8. Īrija

9. Airija 10. Írország 11. L-Irlanda 12. iρλανδία 13. ierland 14. irlandia 15. Írsko 16. irska

17. irlanti 18. irland 19. .irlande 20. Ιρλανδία 21. irlande 22. republicofireland 23. eire

ITALY 1. Repubblica-Italiana 2. RepubblicaItaliana 3. Italia 4. Italy 5. Italian 6. Italien 7. Italija 8. Itália 9. Italië 10. Italien 11. Itálie 12. Italie 13. Olaszország

14. Itālija 15. Włochy 16. Ιταλία 17. Italja 18. Taliansko 19. Itaalia 20. Abruzzo 21. Basilicata 22. Calabria 23. Campania 24. Emilia-Romagna 25. Friuli-VeneziaGiulia 26. Lazio

27. Liguria 28. Lombardia 29. Marche 30. Molise 31. Piemonte 32. Puglia 33. Sardegna 34. Sicilia 35. Toscana 36. Trentino-AltoAdige 37. Umbria 38. Valled'Aosta 39. Veneto

LATVIA 1. Λετονία 2. Lettorszag 3. Latvja 4. Letland 5. Lotwa 6. Letonia 7. Lotyssko

8. Latvija 9. Lettland 10. Latvia 11. Lotyssko 12. Letland 13. Lettland 14. Lati

15. Letonia 16. Lettonie 17. Lettonia 18. Republicoflatvia 19. Latvijskajarespublika

LITHUANIA 1. lietuva 2. leedu 3. liettua 4. litauen 5. lithouania 6. lithuania 7. litouwen 8. lituania 9. lituanie 10. litva 11. litván 12. litvania

13. litvanya 14. litwa 15. litwanja 16. liettuan 17. litevská 18. lietuvas 19. litwy 20. litovska 21. aukstaitija 22. zemaitija 23. dzukija 24. suvalkija


25. suduva 26. lietuvos-respublika 27. lietuvos_respublika 28. lietuvosrespublika 29. republic-of-lithuania 30. republic_of_lithuania 31. republiclithuania 32. republicoflithuania 33. republique-de-lituanie 34. republique_de_lituanie 35. republiquelituanie 36. republiquedelituanie 37. republica-de-lituania 38. republica_de_lituania 39. republicalituania 40. republicadelituania 41. litovskajarespublika 42. litovskaja-respublika 43. litovskaja_respublika 44. litauensrepublik 45. litauens-republik 46. litauens_republic 47. republiklitauen 48. republik-litauen 49. republic_litauen 50. δημοκρατιατησλιθουανιας 51. δημοκρατια-της-λιθουανιας 52. δημοκρατια_της_λιθουανιας 53. δημοκρατίατηςΛιθουανίας 54. δημοκρατία-της-Λιθουανίας 55. δημοκρατία_της_Λιθουανίας 56. repubblicadilituania 57. repubblica-di-lituania 58. repubblica_di_lituania 59. republieklitouwen

60. republiek-litouwen 61. republiek_litouwen 62. republicadalituania 63. republica-da-lituania 64. republica_da_lituania 65. liettuantasavalta 66. liettuan-tasavalta 67. liettuan_tasavalta 68. republikenLitauen 69. republiken-litauen 70. republiken_litauen 71. litevskárepublika 72. litevská-republika 73. litevská_republika 74. leeduvabariik 75. leedu-vabariik 76. leedu_vabariik 77. lietuvasrepublika 78. lietuvas-republika 79. lietuvas_republika 80. litvánköztársaság 81. litván-köztársaság 82. litván_köztársaság 83. repubblikatallitwanja 84. repubblika-tal-litwanja 85. repubblika_tal_litwanja 86. republikalitwy 87. republika-litwy 88. republika_litwy 89. litovskarepublika 90. litovska-republika 91. litovska_republika 92. republikalitva 93. republika-litva 94. republika_litva

LUXEMBOURG 1. luxembourg 2. luxemburg 3. letzebuerg MALTA 1. malta 2. malte 3. melita 4. republicofmalta 5. republic-of-malta 6. therepublicofmalta 7. the-republic-of-malta

8. repubblikatamalta 9. repubblika-ta-malta 10. maltarepublic 11. maltarepubblika 12. gozo 13. ghawdex

REGULATIONS Part 4


NETHERLANDS 1. nederland 2. holland 3. thenetherlands 4. netherlands 5. lespaysbas

6. hollande 7. dieniederlande 8. lospaisesbajos 9. holanda





ROMANIA 1. românia 2. romania 3. roumanie 4. rumänien 5. rumanien 6. rumanía

7. rumænien 8. roménia 9. romênia 10. romenia 11. rumunia 12. rumunsko


13. romunija 14. rumãnija 15. rumunija 16. rumeenia

17. ρουμανία 18. románia 19. rumanija 20. roemenië



SLOVENIA 1. slovenija 2. slovenia 3. slowenien

4. slovenie 5. la-slovenie 6. laslovenie

REGULATIONS Part 4


7. eslovenia 8. republikaslovenija 9. republika-slovenija 10. republicofslovenia 11. republic-of-slovenia

12. szlovenia 13. szlovenkoztarsasag 14. szloven-koztarsasag 15. repubblicadislovenia 16. repubblica-di-slovenia

SPAIN 1. españa 2. reinodeespana 3. reino-de-espana 4. espagne 5. espana 6. espanha 7. espanja 8. espanya 9. hispaania 10. hiszpania 11. ispanija 12. spagna 13. spain 14. spanielsko 15. spanien 16. spanija 17. spanje 18. reinodeespaña 19. reino-de-españa 20. španielsko 21. spānija 22. španija 23. španiělsko 24. espainia 25. ispania 26. ισπανια 27. andalucia 28. andalucía 29. andalousie 30. andalusia 31. andalusien 32. juntadeandalucia 33. juntadeandalucía 34. aragon 35. aragón 36. gobiernodearagon 37. gobiernoaragón 38. principadodeasturias 39. principaudasturies 40. asturias 41. asturies 42. illesbalears 43. islasbaleares 44. canarias 45. gobiernodecanarias

46. canaryisland 47. kanarischeinseln 48. cantabria 49. gobiernodecantabria 50. castillalamancha 51. castilla-lamancha 52. castillayleon 53. castillayleón 54. juntadecastillayleon 55. juntadecastillayleón 56. generalitatdecatalunya 57. generalitatdecataluña 58. catalunya 59. cataluña 60. katalonien 61. catalonia 62. catalogna 63. catalogne 64. cataloniě 65. katalonias 66. catalunha 67. kataloniens 68. katalonian 69. catalonië 70. extremadura 71. comunidadautonomadeextremadura 72. comunidadautónomadeextremadura 73. xuntadegalicia 74. comunidadautonomadegalicia 75. comunidaautónomadegalicia 76. comunidadeautonomadegalicia 77. comunidadeautónomadegalicia 78. larioja 79. gobiernodelarioja 80. comunidadmadrid 81. madridregion 82. regionmadrid 83. madrid 84. murciaregion 85. murciaregión 86. murciaregione 87. murciaregiao 88. regiondemurcia


89. regióndemurcia 90. regionofmurcia 91. regionvonmurcia 92. regionedimurcia 93. regiaodomurcia 94. navarra 95. nafarroa 96. navarre 97. navarracomunidadforal 98. nafarroaforukomunitatea 99. nafarroaforuerkidegoa 100. communauteforaledenavarre 101. communautéforaledenavarre 102. foralcommunityofnavarra 103. paisvasco 104. paísvasco 105. euskadi 106. euskalherria 107. paisbasc 108. basquecountry 109. paysbasque

110. paesebasco 111. baskenland 112. paisbasco 113. χώρατωνβάσκων 114. gobiernovasco 115. euskojaurlaritza 116. governbasc 117. basquegovernment 118. gouvernementbasque 119. governobasco 120. baskischeregierung 121. baskitschebestuur 122. κυβέρνησητωνβάσκων 123. comunidad-valenciana 124. comunidadvalenciana 125. comunitat-valenciana 126. comunitatvalenciana 127. ceuta 128. gobiernoceuta 129. melilla 130. gobiernomelilla






REGULATIONS Part 4


2. List of names per country and the countries that can reserve them CROATIA 1. croatia 2. kroatia 3. kroatien 4. kroatien 5. croazia 6. kroatien 7. croacia 8. croatie 9. horvátország 10. horvatorszag

11. kroatië 12. kroatie 13. chorwacja 14. κροατία 15. chorvatsko 16. charvátsko 17. horvaatia 18. kroaatia 19. croácia 20. croacia

21. horvātija 22. horvatija 23. kroatija 24. kroazja 25. chorvátsko 26. chrovatsko 27. hrvaška 28. hrvaska

ICELAND 1. arepublicadeislândia 2. deijslandrepubliek 3. deijslandrepubliek 4. derepubliekvanijsland 5. derepubliekvanijsland 6. iceland 7. icelandrepublic 8. iepublikaislande 9. ijsland 10. island 11. islanda 12. islande 13. islandia 14. islândia 15. islandica 16. islandrepublik 17. islandskylisejnik 18. islannintasavalta 19. islanti 20. izland 21. ísland 22. íslenskalýðveldið

23. köztársaságizland 24. larepubblicadiislanda 25. larepúblicadeislandia 26. larépubliquedislande 27. lislande 28. lýðveldiðísland 29. puklerkaislandska 30. rahvavabariikisland 31. repubblicadiislanda 32. repubblikataisland 33. republicoficeland 34. republikaisland 35. republikaislandia 36. republikavisland 37. republikkenisland 38. republikvonisland 39. repúblicadeislandia 40. repúblicadeislândia 41. républiquedislande 42. ΔημοκρατίατηςΙσλανδίας 43. Ισλανδία




NORWAY 1. norge 2. noreg 3. norway 4. norwegen 5. norvege 6. norvège 7. noruega 8. norvegia 9. norvégia 10. norsko 11. nórsko 12. norra

13. norja 14. norvegija 15. norvēģija 16. noorwegen 17. Νορßηγία 18. norvegja 19. norveġja 20. norveska 21. norveška 22. norwegia 23. norga

TURKEY 1. turkiye 2. türkiye

3. turkiyecumhuriyeti 4. türkiyecumhuriyeti


Part 5

Regulation (EC) No 560/2009 of 26 June 2009 amending Regulation (EC) No 874/2004 laying

down public policy rules concerning the implementation and functions of the .eu Top Level Domain and the principles governing registration






REGULATIONS Part 5



of 26 June 2009

amending Regulation (EC) No 874/2004 laying down public policy rules concerning the implementation and functions of the .eu Top




Having consulted the Registry in accordance with Article 5(1) of Regulation (EC) No 733/2002, Whereas: (1) The third paragraph of Article 6 of Commission Regulation (EC) No 874/2004

2 provides that the Registry shall perform the registration of

domain names in all the alphabetic characters of the official languages of the Community when adequate international standards become available. (2) The official languages of the Community comprise more alphabetic characters than those which were available for registration at the beginning of the phased registration period provided for in Chapter IV of Regulation (EC) No 874/2004. (3) However, it has now become technically possible to register names in the official languages of the Community under the .eu Top Level Domain (hereinafter TLD) also using alphabetic characters which were not available for registration at that time. (4) It needs to be ensured that interested parties are informed of the new characters before those characters become available for registration of names under the .eu TLD. Therefore the Registry should publish in advance information about alphabetic characters which will be added to

1 OJ L 113, 30.4.2002, p. 1.

2 OJ L 162, 30.4.2004, p. 40.


the characters already available for registration of names under the .eu TLD. (5) In accordance with the second paragraph of Article 9 of Regulation (EC) No 874/2004 the Commission has asked the Registry to introduce certain domain names directly under the .eu TLD for use by the Community institutions and bodies. Now that it has become technically possible to register names in the official languages of the Community under the .eu TLD also using alphabetic characters which were not available for registration at the beginning of the phased registration period provided for in Chapter IV of Regulation (EC) No 874/2004, the Commission should be given the possibility to ask the Registry to introduce domain names containing those characters in addition to the names it has already asked for. (6) The Member States, candidate countries and the members of the European Economic Area have requested the registration or the reservation of their names in accordance with Article 8 of Regulation (EC) No 874/2004. The names concerned are listed in the Annex to Regulation (EC) No 874/2004. Now that it has become technically possible to register names under the .eu TLD also using those alphabetic characters of the official languages of the Community which were not available for registration at the beginning of the phased registration period provided for in Chapter IV of Regulation (EC) No 874/2004, certain countries have requested changes to those lists. (7) It is therefore necessary to update the lists in the Annex to Regulation (EC) No 874/2004 in order to duly take into account names containing characters that were not previously available. (8) Regulation (EC) No 874/2004 should be amended accordingly. (9) As it is in the interest of the European citizens and enterprises to have the possibility to register names in the official languages of the Community using alphabetic characters which were not available for registration at the beginning of the phased registration period provided for in Chapter IV of Regulation (EC) No 874/2004 as soon as possible, the entry into force of this Regulation should not be unduly delayed. (10) The measures provided for in this Regulation are in accordance with the opinion of the Communications Committee

3,

3 OJ L 108, 24.4.2002, p. 33.

REGULATIONS Part 5


HAS ADOPTED THIS REGULATION: Article 1 Regulation (EC) No 874/2004 is amended as follows: 1. Article 6 is amended as follows: (a) the first, second and third paragraphs become paragraphs 1, 2 and 3; (b) the fourth paragraph is replaced by the following:

‘4. If it becomes technically possible to register names in the official languages under the .eu TLD using alphabetic characters which were not available for registration at the beginning of the phased registration period provided for in Chapter IV, the Registry shall announce on its website that it will be possible to register names under the .eu TLD containing those characters. The announcement shall contain a list of the characters in question and set out the date from which it will be possible to register .eu domain names using them. The announcement shall be made three months before that date at the latest. 5. The Registry shall not be required to perform functions using languages other than the official languages.’;

2. Article 9 is amended as follows: (a) the first and second paragraphs become paragraphs 1 and 2; (b) the following paragraph 3 is added:

‘3. If it becomes technically possible to register names in the official languages under the .eu TLD using alphabetic characters which were not available for registration at the beginning of the phased registration period provided for in Chapter IV, the Registry shall notify the Commission thereof. That notification shall be made at the latest one month prior to the day of the announcement referred to in Article 6(4) and shall indicate the date of the announcement.


At the latest 10 working days before the date indicated in the announcement made in accordance with Article 6(4), the Commission shall ask the Registry to introduce any domain names containing one or more of those characters which it wishes to reserve for use by the Community institutions and bodies, directly under the .eu TLD.’;

3. in the fourth subparagraph of Article 11 the reference to ‘the third paragraph of Article 6’ is replaced by a reference to ‘Article 6(3)’; 4. in the first subparagraph of paragraph 1 of Article 12, he reference to ‘the first paragraph of Article 6’ is replaced by a reference to ‘Article 6(1)’; 5. the Annex is replaced by the Annex to this Regulation. Article 2 This Regulation shall enter into force on the third day following its publication in the Official Journal of the European Union. This Regulation shall be binding in its entirety and directly applicable in all Member States. Done at Brussels, 26 June 2009. For the Commission Viviane REDING Member of the Commission

REGULATIONS Part 5


ANNEX 1. List of names per country and the countries that can register them:

AUSTRIA 1. österreich 2. oesterreich 3. republik-österreich 4. republik-oesterreich 5. afstria 6. dimokratia-afstria 7. østrig 8. republikken-østrig 9. oestrig 10. austria 11. republic-austria 12. república-austria 13. autriche 14. république-autriche 15. oostenrijk 16. republiek-oostenrijk 17. república-austria 18. itävalta 19. itävallan-tasavalta 20. itaevalta 21. österrike 22. oesterrike 23. republik-österrike 24. rakousko 25. republika-rakousko 26. repubblica-austria 27. austrija 28. republika-austrija 29. respublika-austrija 30. ausztria 31. Osztrák-Köztársaság 32. Republika-Austriacka 33. rakúsko 34. republika-rakúsko

35. avstrija 36. republika-avstrija 37. awstrija 38. republika-awstrija 39. republikösterreich 40. republikoesterreich 41. dimokratiaafstria 42. republikkenøstrig 43. republicaustria 44. repúblicaaustria 45. républiqueautriche 46. repubblicaaustria 47. republiekoostenrijk 48. repúblicaaustria 49. tasavaltaitävalta 50. republikösterrike 51. republikarakousko 52. republikaaustrija 53. respublikaaustrija 54. OsztrákKöztársaság 55. RepublikaAustriacka 56. republikarakúsko 57. republikaavstrija 58. republikaawstrija 59. aostria 60. vabariik-aostria 61. vabariikaostria 62. δημοκρατία-της-αυστρίας 63. δημοκρατίατηςαυστρίας 64. αυστρίας 65. pепубликаaвстрия 66. pепублика-aвстрия 67. aвстрия

BELGIUM

1. belgie 2. belgië 3. belgique 4. belgien 5. belgium 6. bélgica 7. belgica 8. belgio 9. belgia 10. belgija

11. vlaanderen 12. wallonie 13. wallonië 14. brussel 15. vlaamse-gemeenschap 16. franse-gemeenschap 17. duitstalige-gemeenschap 18. vlaams-gewest 19. waals-gewest 20. brussels-hoofdstedelijk-gewest


21. flandre 22. bruxelles 23. communauté-flamande 24. communaute-flamande 25. communauté-française 26. communaute-francaise 27. communaute-germanophone 28. communauté-germanophone 29. région-flamande 30. region-flamande 31. région-wallonne 32. region-wallonne 33. région-de-bruxelles-capitale 34. region-de-bruxelles-capitale 35. flandern 36. wallonien 37. bruessel 38. brüssel 39. flaemische-gemeinschaft 40. flämische-gemeinschaft 41. franzoesische-gemeinschaft 42. französische-gemeinschaft 43. deutschsprachige-gemeinschaft 44. flaemische-region 45. flämische-region 46. wallonische-region 47. region-bruessel-hauptstadt 48. region-brüssel-hauptstadt 49. flanders 50. wallonia 51. brussels 52. flemish-community 53. french-community 54. german-speaking-community 55. flemish-region 56. walloon-region 57. brussels-capital-region 58. flandes 59. valonia 60. bruselas 61. comunidad-flamenca 62. comunidad-francesa 63. comunidad-germanófona 64. comunidad-germanofona 65. region-flamenca 66. región-flamenca 67. region-valona 68. región-valona 69. region-de-bruselas-capital 70. región-de-bruselas-capital 71. fiandre 72. vallonia 73. communita-fiamminga

74. communità-fiamminga 75. communita-francese 76. communità-francese 77. communita-di-lingua-tedesca 78. communità-di-lingua-tedesca 79. regione-fiamminga 80. regione-vallona 81. regione-di-bruxelles-capitale 82. flandres 83. bruxelas 84. comunidade-flamenga 85. comunidade-francofona 86. comunidade-germanofona 87. regiao-flamenga 88. região-flamenga 89. regiao-vala 90. região-vala 91. regiao-de-bruxelas-capital 92. região-de-bruxelas-capital 93. vallonien 94. bryssel 95. flamlaendskt-spraakomraade 96. fransktalande-spraakomraade 97. tysktalande-spraakomraade 98. flamlaendska-regionen 99. vallonska-regionen 100. bryssel-huvustad 101. det-flamske-sprogsamfund 102. det-franske-sprogsamfund 103. det-tysktalende-sprogsamfund 104. den-flamske-region 105. den-vallonske-region 106. regionen-bruxelles-hovedstadsomraadet 107. flanderi 108. flaaminkielinen-yhteiso 109. ranskankielinen-yhteiso 110. saksankielinen-yhteiso 111. flanderin-alue 112. vallonian-alue 113. brysselin-alue 114. flandry 115. valonsko 116. brusel 117. vlamske-spolecenstvi 118. francouzske-spolecenstvi 119. germanofonni-spolecenstvi 120. vlamsky-region 121. valonsky-region 122. region-brusel 123. flandrija 124. valonija 125. bruselj

REGULATIONS Part 5


126. flamska-skupnost 127. frankofonska-skupnost 128. germanofonska-skupnost

129. flamska-regija 130. valonska-regija 131. regija-bruselj

BULGARIA

1. българия 2. bulgaria 3. bulharsko 4. bulgarien 5. bulgaaria 6. βουλγαρία 7. bulgarie 8. bulgarija 9. bulgarije 10. bolgarija 11. republicofbulgaria 12. the-republic-of-bulgaria 13. the_republic_of_bulgaria 14. republic-of-bulgaria 15. republic_of_bulgaria 16. republicbulgaria 17. republic-bulgaria 18. republic_bulgaria 19. repubblicadibulgaria 20. repubblica-di-bulgaria 21. repubblica_di_bulgaria 22. repubblicabulgaria 23. repubblica-bulgaria 24. repubblica_bulgaria 25. republikbulgarien 26. republik-bulgarien 27. republik_bulgarien 28. bulgaariavabariik 29. bulgaaria-vabariik 30. bulgaaria_vabariik 31. δημοκρατιατησβουλγαριας 32. δημοκρατια-της-βουλγαριας 33. δημοκρατια_της_βουλγαριας 34. republiekbulgarije 35. republiek-bulgarije 36. republiek_bulgarije 37. republikabolgarija 38. republika-bolgarija 39. republika_bolgarija 40. republikabulgaria 41. republika-bulgaria 42. republika_bulgaria 43. bulharskarepublica 44. bulharska-republica 45. bulharska_republica 46. republiquebulgarie 47. republique-bulgarie

48. republique_bulgarie 49. republicabulgarija 50. republica-bulgārija 51. republica_bulgārija 52. repúblikabulgária 53. repúblika-bulgária 54. repúblika_bulgária 55. repúblicabulgaria 56. república-bulgaria 57. república_bulgaria 58. bulgarja 59. bălgarija 60. bulgariantasavalta 61. bulgarian-tasavalta 62. bulgarian_tasavalta 63. republikenbulgarien 64. republiken-bulgarien 65. republiken_bulgarien 66. repulicabulgaria 67. repulica-bulgaria 68. repulica_bulgaria 69. köztársaságbulgária 70. köztársaság-bulgária 71. köztársaság_bulgária 72. aврен 73. aйтос 74. aксаково 75. aлфатар 76. aнтон 77. aприлци 78. aсеновград 79. албена 80. антоново 81. арбанаси 82. ардино 83. балчик 84. баните 85. банкя 86. банско 87. батак 88. белене 89. белица 90. белово 91. белоградчик 92. белослав 93. берковица 94. благоевград


95. бобовдол 96. бобошево 97. боженци 98. божурище 99. бойница 100. бойчиновци 101. болярово 102. борино 103. борован 104. боровец 105. борово 106. ботевград 107. бояна 108. братядаскалови 109. брацигово 110. брегово 111. брезник 112. брезово 113. брусарци 114. бургас 115. бяла 116. бяласлатина 117. варна 118. великипреслав 119. великотърново 120. велинград 121. венец 122. ветово 123. ветрино 124. видин 125. враца 126. вълчедръм 127. вълчидол 128. върбица 129. вършец 130. габрово 131. генералтошево 132. георгидамяново 133. главиница 134. годеч 135. горнабаня 136. горнамалина 137. горнаоряховица 138. гоцеделчев 139. грамада 140. гулянци 141. гурково 142. гълъбово 143. гърмен 144. двемогили 145. девин 146. ямбол 147. девня

148. джебел 149. димитровград 150. димово 151. добринище 152. добрич 153. добричселска 154. долнабаня 155. долнамитрополия 156. долнидъбник 157. долничифлик 158. доспат 159. драгоман 160. дряново 161. дулово 162. дупница 163. дългопол 164. елена 165. елинпелин 166. елхово 167. етрополе 168. етъра 169. завет 170. земен 171. златарица 172. златица 173. златнипясъци 174. златоград 175. ивайловград 176. иваново 177. искър 178. исперих 179. ихтиман 180. каварна 181. казанлък 182. кайнарджа 183. калояново 184. камено 185. каолиново 186. карлово 187. карнобат 188. каспичан 189. кирково 190. кнежа 191. ковачевци 192. козлодуй 193. копривщица 194. костенец 195. костинброд 196. котел 197. кочериново 198. кресна 199. криводол 200. кричим

REGULATIONS Part 5


201. крумовград 202. крушари 203. кубрат 204. куклен 205. кула 206. кърджали 207. кюстендил 208. левски 209. лесичово 210. летница 211. ловеч 212. лозница 213. лом 214. луковит 215. лъки 216. любимец 217. лясковец 218. мадан 219. мадара 220. маджарово 221. макреш 222. малкотърново 223. марица 224. медковец 225. мездра 226. мелник 227. мизия 228. минералнибани 229. мирково 230. момчилград 231. монтана 232. мъглиж 233. нареченскибани 234. невестино 235. неделино 236. несебър 237. николаево 238. николакозлево 239. никопол 240. новазагора 241. новипазар 242. новосело 243. огняново 244. омуртаг 245. опака 246. опан 247. оряхово 248. павелбаня 249. павликени 250. пазарджик 251. пампорово 252. панагюрище 253. перник

254. перущица 255. петрич 256. пещера 257. пирдоп 258. плевен 259. пловдив 260. полскитръмбеш 261. поморие 262. попово 263. пордим 264. правец 265. приморско 266. провадия 267. първомай 268. раднево 269. радомир 270. разград 271. разлог 272. ракитово 273. раковски 274. рила 275. родопи 276. роман 277. рудозем 278. руен 279. ружинци 280. русе 281. садово 282. самоков 283. самуил 284. сандански 285. сапаревабаня 286. сатовча 287. светивлас 288. свиленград 289. свищов 290. своге 291. свещари 292. севлиево 293. септември 294. силистра 295. симеоновград 296. симитли 297. ситово 298. сливен 299. сливница 300. сливополе 301. слънчевбряг 302. смолян 303. смядово 304. созопол 305. сопот 306. средец


307. стамболийски 308. стамболово 309. старазагора 310. столична 311. стражица 312. стралджа 313. стрелча 314. струмяни 315. суворово 316. сунгурларе 317. сухиндол 318. съединение 319. твърдица 320. тервел 321. тетевен 322. тополовград 323. трекляно 324. троян 325. трън 326. трявна 327. тунджа 328. тутракан 329. търговище 330. угърчин

331. хаджидимово 332. хайредин 333. харманли 334. хасково 335. хисаря 336. якоруда 337. хитрино 338. царево 339. царкалоян 340. ценово 341. чавдар 342. челопеч 343. чепеларе 344. червенбряг 345. черноочене 346. чипровци 347. чирпан 348. чупрене 349. шабла 350. широкалъка 351. шумен 352. ябланица 353. якимово

CYPRUS

1. cypern 2. cyprus 3. cyprus 4. kypros 5. chypre 6. zypern 7. κυπρος 8. cipro 9. chipre 10. chipre 11. cypern 12. anchipír 13. kypr 14. küpros 15. ciprus 16. kipras 17. kipra 18. ćipru 19. cypr 20. ciper 21. cyprus 22. kibris 23. republikkencypern 24. republiekcyprus 25. republicofcyprus 26. kyproksentasavalta

27. republiquedechypre 28. republikzypern 29. κυπριακηδημοκρατια 30. repubblicadicipro 31. republicadechipre 32. republicadechipre 33. cypernsrepublik 34. poblachtnacipíre 35. kyperskarepublika 36. küprosevabariik 37. ciprusiköztàrsasàg 38. kiprorespublika 39. kiprasrepublika 40. republikata’ćipru 41. republikacypryjska 42. republikaciper 43. cyperskarepublika 44. kibriscumhuriyeti 45. ağirdağ 46. ağridaki

47. așelya

48. așeritu

49. așșa 50. aybifan-dağ

51. ayinikola-lefkoșa-solya

52. ayirini-lefkoșa

REGULATIONS Part 5


53. aykuruș-girne

54. aymarina-șillura 55. aynikola-mağusa 56. aytotoro-mağusa

57. ayvarvara-lefkoșa 58. ayvavaçinya

59. ayyanni-lefkoșa-malunda

60. ayyorgi-lefkoșa-solya 61. ayyorgi-mağusa-spathariko 62. baf-kazası 63. çatoz 64. elya-girne

65. engomi-lefkoșa 66. engomi-mağusa 67. eurokıbrıs 68. euro-kıbrıs 69. geçitkale 70. girne-kazası 71. göneyli

72. goșși 73. kalavaç 74. kaloğreya 75. kalohoryo-dağ

76. kalohoryo-lefkoșa-solya

77. karpașa 78. koççina 79. koççinotrimitya 80. kömürcü 81. kördemen 82. korneç 83. kukla-mağusa 84. kutsoventi 85. laçça 86. larnaka-kazası

87. lefkoșa

88. lefkoșa-kazası 89. lemesos-kazası

90. lemesosșarapköyleri

91. lemesos-șarapköyleri 92. leymosun-kazası

93. livadya-lefkoșa 94. livadya-mağusa 95. mağusa 96. mağusa-kazası

97. mandres-lefkoșa 98. mandres-mağusta

99. melușa 100. milya-baf 101. monağri 102. monağrulli

103. mormenekșe

104. neyohoryo-lefkoșa

105. ortaköy 106. palehor-dağ 107. panağra

108. pareklișa 109. patriç

110. peristerona-lefkoșa 111. peristerona-mağusa 112. pirga-mağusa

113. prastyo-lefkoșa 114. prastyo-mağusa

115. șehirselağaçlandırma

116. șillura 117. sotira-mağusa 118. süsköy

119. trahoni-lefkoșa

120. trașipeyula

121. tremeșe

122. trușa

123. varișa 124. vavaçinya 125. vreçça

126. vroyișa 127. yenağra 128. yeniceköy

129. yeroșibu 130. αβδελλερό 131. αγγαστίνα 132. αγγλισίδες 133. αγγολέμι 134. αγιά 135. αγία-άννα 136. αγία-βαρβάρα-λευκωσίας 137. αγία-βαρβάρα-πάφου 138. αγία-ειρήνη-κερύνειας 139. αγία-ειρήνη-λευκωσίας 140. αγία-μαρίνα-κελοκεδάρων 141. αγία-μαρίνα-ξυλιάτου 142. αγία-μαρίνα-σκυλλούρας 143. αγία-μαρίνα-χρυσοχούς 144. αγία-μαρινούδα 145. αγία-νάπα 146. αγία-τριάς 147. άγιο-ανδρονικούδι 148. άγιο-γεωργούδι 149. άγιοι-βαβατσινιάς 150. άγιοι-ηλιόφωτοι 151. άγιοι-τριμιθιάς 152. άγιος-αθανάσιος 153. άγιος-αμβρόσιος-κερύνειας 154. άγιος-αμβρόσιος-λεμεσού 155. άγιος-ανδρόνικος-καρπασίας 156. άγιος-ανδρόνικος-τρικώμου 157. άγιος-βασίλειος


158. άγιος-γεώργιος-αμμοχώστου 159. άγιος-γεώργιος-καυκάλλου 160. άγιος-γεώργιος-κερύνειας 161. άγιος-γεώργιος-λεμεσού 162. άγιος-γεώργιοςλευκωσίας-σολέας 163. άγιος-γεώργιος-πάφου 164. άγιος-δημητριανός 165. άγιος-δημήτριος 166. άγιος-δομέτιος 167. άγιος-επίκτητος 168. άγιος-επιφάνιος-ορεινής 169. άγιος-επιφάνιος-σολέας 170. άγιος-ερμόλαος 171. άγιος-ευστάθιος 172. άγιος-ηλίας 173. άγιος-θεόδωρος-αμμοχώστου 174. άγιος-θεόδωρος-λάρνακας 175. άγιος-θεόδωρος-λεμεσού 176. άγιος-θεόδωρος-σολέας 177. άγιος-θεόδωρος-τιλλιρίας 178. άγιος-θεράπων 179. άγιος-θωμάς 180. άγιος-ιάκωβος 181. άγιος-ισίδωρος 182. άγιος-ιωάννης-λεμεσού 183. άγιος-ιωάννης-μαλούντας-λευκωσίας 184. άγιος-ιωάννης-πάφου 185. άγιος-ιωάννης-σελέμανη 186. άγιος-κωνσταντίνος 187. άγιος-μάμας 188. άγιος-μερκούριος 189. άγιος-νικόλαος-αμμοχώστου 190. άγιος-νικόλαος-λευκωσίας-σολέας 191. άγιος-νικόλαος-πάφου 192. άγιος-παύλος 193. άγιος-σέργιος 194. άγιος-συμεών 195. άγιος-σωζόμενος 196. άγιος-τύχων 197. άγιος-χαρίτων 198. αγίρδα 199. αγλαγγιά 200. αγλαντζιά 201. αγριδάκι 202. αγρίδια 203. αγροκηπιά 204. αγρός 205. αθηένου 206. αθιένου 207. αιγιαλούσα

208. ακάκι 209. ακανθού 210. ακαπνού 211. ακουρσός 212. ακρούντα 213. ακρωτήρι 214. αλαμινός 215. αλάμπρα 216. άλασσα 217. αλεθρικό 218. αλέκτορα 219. αλεύγα 220. αληθινού 221. αλόδα 222. άλωνα 223. αμαργέτη 224. αμίαντος 225. αμμαδιές 226. αμμόχωστος 227. αμμόχωστος 228. αμπελικού 229. ανάγεια 230. αναδιού 231. αναλιόντας 232. αναρή 233. αναρίτα 234. αναφωτίδα 235. ανδρολίκου 236. ανώγυρα 237. αξύλου 238. απεσιά 239. απλάντα 240. απλίκι 241. αραδίππου 242. αρακαπάς 243. αργάκα 244. αργάκι 245. άρδανα 246. αρεδιού 247. αρμενοχώρι 248. αρμίνου 249. άρμου 250. αρναδί 251. άρσος-λάρνακας 252. άρσος-λεμεσού 253. αρτέμι 254. ασγάτα 255. ασκάς 256. άσκεια 257. ασπρογιά 258. άσσεια 259. αστρομερίτης 260. ασώματος-κερύνειας

REGULATIONS Part 5


261. ασώματος-λεμεσού 262. αυγολίδα 263. αυγόρου 264. αυδήμου 265. αυλώνα 266. αφαμης 267. αφάμης 268. αφάντεια-ορνίθι 269. αχέλεια 270. αχερίτου 271. άχνα 272. αψιού 273. βαβατσινιά 274. βάβλα 275. βαρίσεια 276. βαρώσι 277. βάσα-κελλακίου 278. βάσα-κοιλανίου 279. βασίλεια 280. βασίλι 281. βατιλή 282. βίκλα 283. βιτσάδα 284. βκύπρος 285. βοθύλακας 286. βοκολίδα 287. βορόκληνη 288. βουνί 289. βουνιπαναγιας 290. βουνίπαναγιάς 291. βουνιπαναγιας-αμπελιτης 292. βουνιπαναγιάς-αμπελίτης 293. βουνό 294. βρέτσια 295. βυζακιά 296. βώνη 297. γαϊδουράς 298. γαλάτα 299. γαλαταριά 300. γαλάτεια 301. γαληνή 302. γαληνόπορνη 303. γαστριά 304. γέναγρα 305. γερακιές 306. γεράνι 307. γεράσα 308. γέρι 309. γερμασόγεια 310. γεροβάσα 311. γερόλακκος 312. γεροσκήπου 313. γιαλιά

314. γιόλου 315. γουδί 316. γούρρη 317. γούφες 318. γύψου 319. δάλι 320. δαυλός 321. δεκέλεια 322. δελίκηπος 323. δένεια 324. δερύνεια 325. δημοκρατίατηςκύπρου 326. δημοκρατία-της-κύπρου 327. διερώνα 328. διόριος 329. δράπεια 330. δρομολαξιά 331. δρούσεια 332. δρύμου 333. δύμες 334. δύο-ποταμοί 335. δωρά 336. δωρός 337. έγκωμη-αμμοχώστου 338. έγκωμη-λευκωσίας 339. ελεδιό 340. ελιά-κερύνειας 341. ελιά-λευκωσίας 342. έμπα 343. ενωμένηκυπριακήδημοκρατία 344. ενωμένη-κυπριακή-δημοκρατία 345. έξω-μετόχι 346. επαρχία-αμμοχώστου 347. επαρχία-κερύνειας 348. επαρχία-λάρνακας 349. επαρχία-λεμεσού 350. επαρχία-λευκωσίας 351. επαρχία-πάφου 352. επισκοπειό 353. επισκοπή-λεμεσού 354. επισκοπή-πάφου 355. επιχό 356. επταγώνεια 357. επτακώμη 358. εργάτες 359. ερήμη 360. ευρέτου 361. ευρύχου 362. ζαχαριά 363. ζύγι 364. ζωοπηγή 365. θελέτρα 366. θέρμεια


367. θρινιά 368. ίνεια 369. καζάφανι 370. καζιβερά 371. κάθικας 372. κακοπετριά 373. καλαβασός 374. καλιάνα 375. καλλέπεια 376. καλογραία 377. καλοπαναγιώτης 378. καλό-χωριό-καπούτη 379. καλό-χωριό-λάρνακας 380. καλό-χωριό-λεμεσού 381. καλό-χωριό-λευκωσίας-σολέας 382. καλό-χωριό-ορεινής 383. καλοψίδα 384. καλυβάκια 385. καμινάρια 386. καμπί 387. καμπιά 388. κάμπος 389. καμπυλή 390. κανλί 391. καννάβια 392. κανναβιού 393. καντού 394. καπέδες 395. καπηλειό 396. καραβάς 397. καραβοστάσι 398. καράκουμι 399. καραμούλληδες 400. κάρμι 401. καρπάσεια 402. καταλιόντας 403. κατύδατα 404. κάτω-ακουρδαλειά 405. κάτω-αρόδες 406. κάτω-δευτερά 407. κάτω-δίκωμο 408. κάτω-δρύς 409. κάτω-ζώδεια 410. κάτω-κιβίδες 411. κατωκοπιά 412. κάτω-κουτραφάς 413. κάτω-λεύκαρα 414. κάτω-μονή 415. κάτω-μύλος 416. κάτω-πλάτρες 417. κάτω-πολεμίδια 418. κάτω-πύργος 419. κέδαρες

420. κελλάκι 421. κελλιά 422. κελοκέδαρα 423. κερύνεια 424. κερύνεια 425. κιάδος 426. κιβισίλι 427. κιδάσι 428. κιόμουρτζου 429. κιόνελι 430. κιός 431. κισσόνεργα 432. κισσούσα 433. κίτι 434. κλαυδιά 435. κλεπίνη 436. κλήρου 437. κλιματολογία 438. κλωνάρι 439. κνώδαρα 440. κοιλάνεμος 441. κοιλάνι 442. κοίλη 443. κοιλίνεια 444. κόκκινα 445. κοκκινοτριμιθιά 446. κολόσσι 447. κονιά 448. κοντέα 449. κοντεμένος 450. κοράκου 451. κορμακίτης 452. κορνοκήπος 453. κόρνος 454. κορόβεια 455. κορφή 456. κόση 457. κοτσιάτης 458. κουκά 459. κούκλια-αμμοχώστου 460. κούκλια-πάφου 461. κούρδακα 462. κουρού-μοναστήρι 463. κουτσοβέντης 464. κοφίνου 465. κρασοχωρια 466. κρασοχώρια 467. κρασοχωριαλεμεσου 468. κρασοχωρια-λεμεσου 469. κρασοχώριαλεμεσού 470. κρασοχώρια-λεμεσού 471. κρηνί 472. κρίδεια

REGULATIONS Part 5


473. κρίτου-μαρόττου 474. κρίτου-τέρα 475. κυβέρνησητηςκύπρου 476. κυβέρνηση-της-κύπρου 477. κυθρέα 478. κυνούσα 479. κυπερούντα 480. κυπριακήκυβέρνηση 481. κυπριακή-κυβέρνηση 482. κυπριακο 483. κυπριακό 484. κυπρος 485. κύπρος 486. κύπροςκυβέρνηση 487. κύπρος-κυβέρνηση 488. κυρά 489. κώμα-του-γιαλού 490. κώμη-κεπίρ 491. λάγεια 492. λαγουδερά 493. λαζανιάς 494. λακατάμεια 495. λακκιά 496. λάνεια 497. λαονα 498. λαόνα 499. λαοναακαμα 500. λαονα-ακαμα 501. λαόναακάμα 502. λαόνα-ακάμα 503. λάπαθος 504. λαπηθιού 505. λάπηθος 506. λάρνακα 507. λάρνακας-λαπήθου 508. λάσα 509. λατσιά 510. λεμεσός 511. λεμίθου 512. λέμπα 513. λεμώνα 514. λεονάρισσο 515. λετύμβου 516. λεύκα 517. λευκόνοικο 518. λευκωσία 519. ληνού 520. λιβάδι 521. λιβάδια-αμμοχώστου 522. λιβάδια-λάρνακας 523. λιβάδια-λευκωσίας 524. λιβερά 525. λιμάνι-κερύνειας

526. λιμνάτης 527. λιμνιά 528. λιμνίτης 529. λιοπέτρι 530. λουβαράς 531. λουκρούνου 532. λουρουκίνα 533. λουτρός 534. λόφου 535. λυθράγκωμη 536. λυθροδόντας 537. λύμπια 538. λύση 539. λυσός 540. μαζωτός 541. μαθιάτης 542. μαθικολώνη 543. μακούντα 544. μακράσυκα 545. μαλιά 546. μαλούντα 547. μάμμαρη 548. μαμούνταλη 549. μαμώνια 550. μάνδρες-αμμοχώστου 551. μάνδρες-λευκωσίας 552. μανδριά-λεμεσού 553. μανδριά-πάφου 554. μαράθα 555. μαραθόβουνος 556. μαραθούντα 557. μαργί 558. μαργό 559. μαρί 560. μάρωνας 561. μαρώνι 562. μάσαρη 563. μελάδεια 564. μελάναργα 565. μελάνδρα 566. μελίνη 567. μελούντα 568. μελούσεια 569. μενεού 570. μένικο 571. μενόγεια 572. μέσα-γειτονιά 573. μέσανα 574. μέσα-χωριό 575. μεσόγη 576. μηλιά-αμμοχώστου 577. μηλιά-πάφου 578. μηλιού


579. μιά-μηλιά 580. μιτσερό 581. μονάγρι 582. μοναγρούλλι 583. μονάργα 584. μονή 585. μονιάτης 586. μόρα 587. μόρφου 588. μοσφιλωτή 589. μότηδες 590. μούσερε 591. μουσουλίτα 592. μουτουλλάς 593. μουτταγίακα 594. μπέïκιοï 595. μπέλαπαïς 596. μπογάζι 597. μυλικούρι 598. μύρτου 599. νατά 600. νέα-δήμματα 601. νέο-χωριό-λευκωσίας 602. νέο-χωριό-πάφου 603. νέτα 604. νήσου 605. νικητάρι 606. νικήτας 607. νικόκλεια 608. ξερόβουνος 609. ξυλιάτος 610. ξυλοτύμβου 611. ξυλοφάγου 612. όβγορος 613. οδού 614. οίκος 615. όμοδος 616. ομόσπονδηκυπριακήδημοκρατία 617. ομόσπονδη-κυπριακή-δημοκρατία 618. ορά 619. όργα 620. ορμίδεια 621. ορούντα 622. ορτάκιοï 623. παλαίκυθρο 624. παλαιομέτοχο 625. παλαιόμυλος 626. παλαιόσοφος 627. παλαιχώρι-μόρφου 628. παλαιχώρι-ορεινής 629. παλόδεια

630. πάναγρα 631. πάνω-ακουρδαλεια 632. πάνω-αρόδες 633. πάνω-αρχιμανδρίτα 634. πάνω-δευτερά 635. πάνω-δίκωμο 636. πάνω-ζώδεια 637. πάνω-κιβίδες 638. πάνω-κουτραφάς 639. πάνω-λεύκαρα 640. πάνω-παναγιά 641. πάνω-πλάτρες 642. πάνω-πολεμίδια 643. πάνω-πύργος 644. παραλίμνι 645. παραμάλι 646. παραμύθα 647. παρεκκλησιά 648. πατρίκι 649. πάφος 650. πάφος 651. πάχνα 652. παχύαμμος 653. πέγεια 654. πεδουλάς 655. πελαθούσα 656. πελένδρι 657. πεντάγεια 658. πεντάκωμο 659. πενταλιά 660. πέρα 661. πέρα-πεδί 662. πέρα-χωριό 663. πέργαμος 664. περιβόλια-λάρνακας 665. περιβόλια-τρικώμου 666. περιστερώνα-αμμοχώστου 667. περιστερώνα-λευκωσίας 668. περιστερώνα-πάφου 669. περιστερωνάρι 670. πέτρα 671. πέτρα-του-διγενή 672. πετροφάνι 673. πηγένια 674. πηγή 675. πιλέρι 676. πισσούρι 677. πιταργού 678. πιτσιλια 679. πιτσιλιά 680. πλατάνι 681. πλατανισσός 682. πλατανιστάσα

REGULATIONS Part 5


683. πλατανίστεια 684. πολέμι 685. πόλις-χρυσοχούς 686. πολιτικό 687. πολύστυπος 688. πομός 689. ποτάμι 690. ποταμιά 691. ποταμιού 692. ποταμίτισσα 693. πραιτώρι 694. πραστιό-αμμοχώστου 695. πραστιό-λεμεσού-αυδήμου 696. πραστιό-λεμεσού-κελλακίου 697. πραστιό-λευκωσίας 698. πραστιό-πάφου 699. πρόδρομος 700. πρόεδροςτηςδημοκρατίας 701. πρόεδρος-της-δημοκρατίας 702. πρόεδροςτηςκυπριακήςδημοκρατίας 703. πρόεδρος-της-κυπριακής-δημοκρατίας 704. πύλα 705. πυργά-αμμοχώστου 706. πυργά-λάρνακας 707. πύργος-τηλλυρίας 708. πυρόγι 709. ριζοκάρπασο 710. σαλαμιού 711. σανίδα 712. σανταλάρης 713. σαραμά 714. σαράντι 715. σελλάδι-του-άππη 716. σιά 717. σιλίκου 718. σίμου 719. σινάόρος 720. σίντα 721. σιχαρί 722. σκαρίνου 723. σκούλλη 724. σκουριώτισσα 725. σκυλλούρα 726. σούνι-ζανακιά 727. σουσκιού 728. σοφτάδες 729. σπαθαρικό 730. σπαθαρικού 731. σπήλια 732. σπιτάλι 733. στατός-άγιος-φώτιος

734. σταυροκόννου 735. στενή 736. στρόβολος 737. στρογγυλός 738. στρουμπί 739. στύλλοι 740. σύγκραση 741. συκόπετρα 742. συριανοχώρι 743. σύσκληπος 744. σωτήρα-αμμοχώστου 745. σωτήρα-λεμεσού 746. τάλα 747. τδβκ 748. τ-δ-β-κ 749. τεμβριά 750. τέμπλος 751. τέρα 752. τερσεφάνου 753. τίμη 754. τουρκικήδημοκρατίαβόρειαςκύπρου 755. τουρκική-δημοκρατία-βόρειας-κύπρου 756. τουρκοκυπριακό-ομόσπονδο-κράτος 757. τόχνη 758. τράπεζα 759. τραχυπέδουλα 760. τράχωνας 761. τραχώνι-λεμεσού 762. τραχώνι-λευκωσίας 763. τρείς-ελιές 764. τρεμετουσιά 765. τρεμιθούσα 766. τρίκωμο 767. τριμήκληνη 768. τριμίθι 769. τριμιθούσα 770. τρούλλοι 771. τρυπημένη 772. τσάδα 773. τσακίστρα 774. τσέρι 775. τσερκέζοι 776. ύψωνας 777. φάλεια 778. φαρμακάς 779. φασλί 780. φασούλα-λεμεσού 781. φασούλα-πάφου 782. φικάρδου 783. φιλούσα-κελοκεδάρων


784. φιλούσα-χρυσοχούς 785. φλαμουδι 786. φλάσου 787. φοινί 788. φοινικαριά 789. φοίνικας 790. φότα 791. φρέναρος 792. φροδίσια 793. φτερικούδι 794. φτέριχα 795. φυλλιά 796. φύτη 797. χαλκός 798. χανδριά 799. χάρκεια 800. χάρτζεια 801. χλώρακας 802. χοιροκοιτία 803. χολέτρια 804. χόλη 805. χούλου 806. χρυσίδα 807. χρυσοχού

808. ψάθι 809. ψεματισμένος 810. ψευδάς 811. ψιμολόφου 812. ψυλλάτος 813. ağridya 814. ağro 815. ağrocipya

816. apeșa

817. apșu 818. beyköy 819. boğaz

820. bșük 821. çada 822. çakistra 823. çerkez

824. eksometoș 825. koççat

826. pșahi

827. șa

828. șarapköyleri 829. πόλη-χρυσοχούς 830. πόλη-της-χρυσοχούς

CZECH REPUBLIC 1. ceska-republika 2. den-tjekkiske-republik 3. tschechische-republik 4. tsehhi-vabariik 5. τσεχικη-δημοκρατια 6. czech-republic 7. repulica-checa 8. republique-tcheque 9. repubblica-ceca 10. cehijas-republika 11. cekijos-respublika 12. cseh-koztarsasag 13. repubblica-ceka 14. tsjechische-republiek 15. republika-czeska 16. republica-checa 17. ceska-republika 18. ceska-republika 19. tsekin-tasavalta 20. tjeckiska-republiken 21. ceskarepublika 22. dentjekkiskerepublik 23. tschechischerepublik 24. tsehhivabariik 25. τσεχικηδημοκρατια 26. czechrepublic

27. repulicacheca 28. republiquetcheque 29. repubblicaceca 30. cehijasrepublika 31. cekijosrespublika 32. csehkoztarsasag 33. repubblicaceka 34. tsjechischerepubliek 35. republikaczeska 36. republicacheca 37. ceskarepublika 38. ceskarepublika 39. tsekintasavalta 40. tjeckiskarepubliken 41. czech 42. cesko 43. tjekkiet 44. tschechien 45. tsehhi 46. τσεχια 47. czechia 48. chequia 49. tchequie 50. cechia 51. cehija 52. cekija

REGULATIONS Part 5


53. csehorszag 54. tsjechie 55. czechy 56. chequia 57. ceska 58. tsekinmaa 59. tjeckien 60. cechy 61. česka-republika 62. tsehhi-vabariik 63. republica-checa 64. republique-tcheque 65. čehijas-republika 66. cseh-köztarsasag 67. republica-checa 68. česka-republika 69. českarepublika 70. tsehhivabariik 71. republicacheca 72. republiquetcheque 73. čehijasrepublika 74. csehköztarsasag 75. republicacheca 76. českarepublika 77. česko 78. tsjechië 79. tsehhi 80. chequia 81. tchequie 82. čehija 83. csehorszag 84. česka 85. čechy 86. česká-republika

87. českárepublika 88. republika-česká 89. republikačeská 90. čechy 91. чешката-република 92. чешкатарепублика 93. чехия 94. τσεχία 95. τσεχική-δημοκρατία 96. τσεχικήδημοκρατία 97. república-checa 98. repúblicacheca 99. tšehhi 100. tšehhi-vabariigi 101. tšehhivabariigi 102. tchéquie 103. république-tchèque 104. républiquetchèque 105. tšekin-tasavalta 106. tšekintasavalta 107. tšekki 108. tšekinmaa 109. čekija 110. čekijos-respublika 111. čekijosrespublika 112. chéquia 113. republica-cehă 114. republicacehă 115. češka 116. republika-češka 117. republikačeška 118. csehország 119. cseh-köztársaság 120. csehköztársaság








FINLAND 1. suomi 2. finland 3. finska 4. finskó 5. finlândia 6. finlandia

7. finlandja 8. finnország 9. suomija 10. somija 11. finlande 12. φινλανδία

13. soomi 14. finnland 15. finsko 16. åland

FRANCE 1. francia 2. francie 3. frankrig 4. frankreich 5. prantsusmaa 6. γαλλια 7. gallia 8. france 9. france 10. francia 11. francija 12. prancūzija 13. prancuzija 14. franciaország 15. franciaorszag 16. franza 17. frankrijk 18. francja 19. frança 20. francúzsko 21. francuzsko 22. francija 23. ranska 24. frankrike 25. französischerepublik 26. französische-republik 27. französische_republik 28. franzosischerepublik 29. franzosische-republik 30. franzosische_republik 31. franzoesischerepublik 32. franzoesische-republik 33. franzoesische_republik 34. frenchrepublic 35. french-republic 36. french_republic 37. republiquefrançaise 38. republique-française 39. republique_française 40. républiquefrançaise 41. république-française 42. république_française

43. republiquefrancaise 44. republique-francaise 45. republique_francaise 46. républiquefrancaise 47. république-francaise 48. république_francaise 49. alsace 50. auvergne 51. aquitaine 52. basse-normandie 53. bassenormandie 54. bourgogne 55. bretagne 56. centre 57. champagne-ardenne 58. champagneardenne 59. corse 60. franche-comte 61. franche-comté 62. franchecomte 63. franchecomté 64. haute-normandie 65. hautenormandie 66. ile-de-France 67. île-de-France 68. iledeFrance 69. îledeFrance 70. languedoc-roussillon 71. languedocroussillon 72. limousin 73. lorraine 74. midi-pyrenees 75. midi-pyrénées 76. midipyrenees 77. midipyrénées 78. nord-pas-de-calais 79. nordpasdecalais 80. paysdelaloire 81. pays-de-la-loire 82. picardie 83. poitou-charentes 84. poitoucharentes

REGULATIONS Part 5


85. provence-alpes-cote-d-azur 86. provence-alpes-côte-d-azur 87. provencealpescotedazur 88. provencealpescôtedazur 89. rhone-alpes 90. rhône-alpes 91. rhonealpes 92. rhônealpes 93. guadeloupe 94. guyane 95. martinique 96. reunion 97. réunion 98. mayotte 99. saint-pierre-et-miquelon 100. saintpierreetmiquelon 101. polynesie-française 102. polynésie-française 103. polynesie-francaise 104. polynésie-francaise 105. polynesiefrançaise 106. polynésiefrançaise 107. polynesiefrancaise

108. polynésiefrancaise 109. nouvelle-caledonie 110. nouvelle-calédonie 111. nouvellecaledonie 112. nouvellecalédonie 113. wallis-et-futuna 114. wallisetfutuna 115. terres-australes-et-antarctiques-françaises 116. terres-australes-et-antarctiques-françaises 117. terresaustralesetantarctiquesfrançaises 118. terresaustralesetantarctique-françaises 119. saint-barthélémy 120. saintbarthélémy 121. saint-barthelemy 122. saintbarthelemy 123. saint-martin 124. saintmartin 125. франция

GERMANY

1. deutschland 2. federalrepublicofgermany 3. bundesrepublik-deutschland 4. bundesrepublikdeutschland 5. allemagne 6. republiquefederaled'allemagne 7. alemanna 8. repúblicafederaldealemania 9. germania 10. repubblicafederaledigermania 11. germany 12. federalrepublicofgermany 13. tyskland 14. forbundsrepublikkentyskland 15. duitsland 16. bondsrepubliekduitsland 17. nemecko 18. spolkovárepublikanemecko 19. alemanha 20. republicafederaldaalemanha 21. niemczech 22. republikafederalnaniemiec 23. németország 24. németországiszövetségiköztársaság 25. vokietijos 26. vokietijosfederacinerespublika

27. vacija 28. vacijasfederativarepublika 29. däitschland 30. bundesrepublikdäitschland 31. germanja 32. repubblikafederalitagermanja 33. gearmaine 34. poblachtchnaidhmenagearmaine 35. saksamaa 36. saksamaaliitvabariik 37. nemcija 38. zweznarepublikanemcija 39. γερμανία 40. saksa 41. saksanliittotasavalta 42. Baden-Württemberg 43. Bavaria 44. Bayern 45. Berlin 46. Brandenburg 47. Bremen 48. Hamburg 49. Hessen 50. Lower-Saxony 51. Mecklenburg-Western-Pomerania


52. Mecklenburg-Vorpommern 53. niedersachsen 54. nordrhein-Westfalen 55. northrhine-Westphalia 56. Rheinland-Pfalz 57. Rhineland-Palatinate 58. Saarland 59. Sachsen 60. Sachsen-Anhalt 61. Saxony 62. Saxony-Anhalt 63. Schleswig-Holstein 64. Thüringen 65. Thuringia 66. Baden-Wuerttemberg 67. bade-wurtemberg 68. le-bade-wurtemberg 69. Baden-Wurttemberg 70. BadenWürttemberg 71. BadenWuerttemberg 72. badewurtemberg 73. lebadewurtemberg 74. BadenWurttemberg 75. Baviera 76. Bavière 77. Freistaat-Bayern 78. FreistaatBayern 79. Free-State-of-Bavaria 80. Stato-Libero-di-Baviera 81. Etat-Libre-Bavière 82. Brandebourg 83. Brandeburgo 84. Brandenburgii 85. freieundhansestadthamburg 86. freie-und-hansestadt-hamburg 87. freiehansestadthamburg 88. freie-hansestadt-hamburg 89. hansestadt-hamburg 90. hansestadthamburg 91. stadthamburg 92. stadt-hamburg 93. hamburg-stadt 94. hamburg 95. landhamburg 96. land-hamburg

97. hamburku 98. hampuriin 99. hamborg 100. hamburgo 101. hambourg 102. amburgo 103. hamburgu 104. hanbao 105. hamburuku 106. hamburk 107. hesse 108. hassia 109. nordrheinwestfalen 110. northrhinewestphalia 111. northrhine-westfalia 112. northrhinewestfalia 113. rhenanie-du-nord-westphalie 114. rhenaniedunordwestphalie 115. lasaxe 116. sachsen 117. sajonia 118. sajónia 119. saksen 120. saksimaa 121. saksio 122. saksonia 123. saksonijos 124. saška 125. saska 126. sasko 127. sassonia 128. saxe 129. saxonia 130. saxónia 131. szászország 132. szaszorszag 133. Σαξωνία 134. саксония 135. freistaat-sachsen 136. sorben 137. serbja 138. Sorben-Wenden 139. Wenden 140. lausitzer-sorben 141. domowina

GREECE 1. Grecia 2. Graekenland 3. Griechenland 4. Hellas 5. Greece

6. Grece 7. Grecia 8. Griekenland 9. Grecia 10. Kreikka

11. Grekland 12. Recko 13. Kreeka 14. Graecia 15. Graikija

REGULATIONS Part 5


16. Gorogorszag 17. Grecja 18. Grecja 19. Grecko 20. Grcija 21. ελληνικήδημοκρατία 22. ελληνική_δημοκρατία 23. ελληνική-δημοκρατία 24. ελληνικηδημοκρατια 25. ελληνικη_δημοκρατια 26. ελληνικη-δημοκρατια 27. ελλάδα 28. ελλαδα 29. ελλάς 30. ελλας 31. γραία 32. γραια 33. γραικός 34. γραικος 35. θράκη 36. θρακη 37. δυτικήθράκη 38. δυτικηθρακη 39. ροδόπη 40. ροδοπη 41. αιγαίοπέλαγος 42. αιγαιοπελαγος 43. ικάριο 44. ικαριο 45. αμαξάδες 46. αμαξαδες 47. άνωβυρσίνη 48. ανωβυρσινη 49. αρριανά 50. αρριανα 51. ήφαιστος 52. ηφαιστος 53. ίασμος 54. ιασμος 55. κέχρος 56. κεχρος 57. κομοτηνή 58. κομοτηνη 59. κοπτερόν 60. κοπτερον 61. λύκειον 62. λυκειον

63. ξυλαγάνη 64. ξυλαγανη 65. οργάνη 66. οργανη 67. ροδίτης-μπρόκτειον 68. ροδιτης-μπροκτειον 69. σάππαι 70. σαππαι 71. σώστη 72. σωστη 73. τυχερόν 74. τυχερον 75. έβρος 76. εβρος 77. ερύκουσα 78. ερυκουσα 79. στρυμόνας 80. στρυμονας 81. αγριανή 82. αγριανη 83. αλεξανδρούπολις 84. αλεξανδρουπολις 85. διδυμότειχο 86. διδυμοτειχο 87. καστανεαί 88. καστανεαι 89. μέγαδέρειον 90. μεγαδερειον 91. μεσήμβρια 92. μεσημβρια 93. μεταξάδες 94. μεταξαδες 95. μικρόδέριον 96. μικροδεριον 97. ορεστιάδα 98. ορεστιαδα 99. ορμένιον 100. ορμενιον 101. πέπλος 102. πεπλος 103. πύθιον 104. πυθιον 105. ρούσσα 106. ρουσσα 107. ρύζια 108. ρυζια 109. σιδήρω 110. σιδηρω 111. σουφλί 112. σουφλι 113. φέραι

114. φεραι 115. ξάνθη 116. ξανθη 117. άβδηρα 118. αβδηρα 119. γενισέα 120. γενισεα 121. γλαύκη 122. γλαυκη 123. γοργόνα 124. γοργονα 125. δημάριον 126. δημαριον 127. εύλαλον 128. ευλαλον 129. εχίνος 130. εχινος 131. θερμαί 132. θερμαι 133. κένταυρος 134. κενταυρος 135. κιμμέρια 136. κιμμερια 137. κοτύλη 138. κοτυλη 139. μάγγανα 140. μαγγανα 141. μέδουσα 142. μεδουσα 143. μελίβοια 144. μελιβοια 145. μύκη 146. μυκη 147. νέακεσσάνη 148. νεακεσσανη 149. πάχνη 150. παχνη 151. πίλημα 152. πιλημα 153. πόρτολάγος 154. πορτολαγος 155. σάτραι 156. σατραι 157. σέλερον 158. σελερον 159. σμύνθη 160. σμυνθη 161. σταυρούπολις 162. σταυρουπολις 163. τοξόται 164. τοξοται 165. σαμοθράκη 166. σαμοθρακη


167. ζουράφα 168. ζουραφα 169. λήμνος 170. λημνος 171. σεργίτσι 172. σεργιτσι 173. άγιοςευστράτιος 174. αγιοςευστρατιος 175. λέσβος 176. λεσβος 177. μυτιλήνη 178. μυτιληνη 179. σίγκρι 180. σιγκρι 181. τομάρια 182. τομαρια 183. χίος 184. χιος 185. οινούσσαι 186. οινουσσαι 187. πασσάς 188. πασσας 189. βάτος 190. βατος 191. γαβάθι 192. γαβαθι 193. μανδράκι 194. μανδρακι 195. πρασονήσια 196. πρασονησια 197. σάμος 198. σαμος 199. σαμιοπούλα 200. σαμιοπούλα 201. ψαρά 202. ψαρα 203. αντίψαρα 204. αντιψαρα 205. κατονήσι 206. κατονησι 207. καλόγεροι 208. καλογεροι 209. χταπόδια 210. χταποδια 211. μπούβαις 212. μπουβαις 213. λιάδι 214. λιαδι 215. δονούσα 216. δονουσα 217. μάκαρες 218. μακαρες 219. άνυδρος

220. ανυδρος 221. κίναρος 222. κιναρος 223. λάρος 224. λαρος 225. λέβιθα 226. λεβιθα 227. βράχοιμαύρα 228. βραχοιμαυρα 229. ικαρία 230. ικαρια 231. οθωνοί 232. οθωνοι 233. φούρνοι 234. φουρνοι 235. θύμαινα 236. θυμαινα 237. θυμαινάκι 238. θυμαινακι 239. αλατζονήσι 240. αλατζονησι 241. διαπόρι 242. διαπορι 243. ανθρωποφάγοι 244. ανθρωποφαγοι 245. μακρονήσι 246. μακρονησι 247. άγιοςμηνάς 248. αγιοςμηνας 249. πετροκάραβο 250. πετροκαραβο 251. άνυδρο 252. ανυδρο 253. αγαθονήσι 254. αγαθονησι 255. στρογγυλό 256. στρογγυλο 257. πιάτο 258. πιατο 259. νερό 260. νερο 261. κουνέλι 262. κουνελι 263. πάτμος 264. πατμος 265. αρκοί 266. αρκοι 267. γρυλλούσα 268. γρυλλουσα 269. καλόβουλο 270. καλοβουλο 271. μανώλη 272. μανωλη

273. ρεφούλια 274. ρεφουλια 275. λειψοί 276. λειψοι 277. σαράκι 278. σαρακι 279. φράγκος 280. φραγκος 281. καλαπόδια 282. καλαποδια 283. μαράθι 284. μαραθι 285. μάραθος 286. μαραθος 287. αρχάγγελος 288. αρχαγγελος 289. φαρμακονήσι 290. φαρμακονησι 291. λέρος 292. λερος 293. κάλυμνος 294. καλυμνος 295. τέλενδος 296. τελενδος 297. νέρα 298. νερα 299. σαφονίδι 300. σαφονιδι 301. ίμια 302. ιμια 303. καλόλιμνος 304. καλολιμνος 305. πίττα 306. πιττα 307. πρασονήσι 308. πρασονησι 309. ψέριμος 310. ψεριμος 311. πλατύ 312. πλατυ 313. μερμύγκια 314. μερμυγκια 315. κρεββατιό 316. κρεββατιο 317. βασιλική 318. βασιλικη 319. λίγκια 320. λιγκια 321. κως 322. ψωράδια 323. γυαλί 324. γυαλι 325. στρογγυλή

REGULATIONS Part 5


326. στρογγυλη 327. νίσυρος 328. νισυρος 329. περγούσα 330. περγουσα 331. παχειά 332. παχεια 333. κανδελιούσα 334. κανδελιουσα 335. αστυπάλαια 336. αστυπαλαια 337. κουνούποι 338. κουνουποι 339. ποντικούσα 340. ποντικουσα 341. οφιδούσα 342. οφιδουσα 343. κτένια 344. κτενια 345. αδέλφια 346. αδελφια 347. σύρνα 348. συρνα 349. κατσίκα 350. κατσικα 351. ναυάγιο 352. ναυαγιο 353. τριονήσια 354. τριονησια 355. τήλος 356. τηλος 357. αντίτηλος 358. αντιτηλος 359. γάιδαρος 360. γαιδαρος 361. σύμη 362. συμη 363. νίμος 364. νιμος 365. μαρμαράς 366. μαρμαρας 367. σεσκλί 368. σεσκλι 369. οξειά 370. οξεια 371. χονδρός 372. χονδρος 373. κούλουνδρος 374. κουλουνδρος 375. χάλκη 376. χαλκη 377. άγιοιθεόδωροι 378. αγιοιθεοδωροι

379. αλιμιά 380. αλιμια 381. αστρακούσσα 382. αστρακουσσα 383. μακρύ 384. μακρυ 385. τραγούσα 386. τραγουσα 387. νιπούρι 388. νιπουρι 389. ρόδος 390. ροδος 391. χήνα 392. χηνα 393. καστελλόριζο 394. καστελλοριζο 395. μεγίστη 396. μεγιστη 397. ρω 398. σοφράνα 399. σοφρανα 400. σόχας 401. σοχας 402. καράβια 403. καραβια 404. σύρνα 405. συρνα 406. δύοαδέλφια 407. δυοαδελφια 408. πλακίδα 409. πλακιδα 410. αιγές 411. αιγες 412. άκανθος 413. ακανθος 414. άκτιον 415. ακτιον 416. αμβρακία 417. αμβρακια 418. αρτεμίσιον 419. αρτεμισιον 420. αρχάνες 421. αρχανες 422. βάσσες 423. βασσες 424. βουθρωτό 425. βουθρωτο 426. γόρτυνα 427. γορτυνα 428. γουρνιά 429. γουρνια 430. γιτάνη 431. γιτανη

432. δαφνί 433. δαφνι 434. δήλος 435. δηλος 436. δημητριάδα 437. δημητριαδα 438. δημητσάνα 439. δημητσανα 440. δίμηνη 441. διμηνη 442. δίολκος 443. διολκος 444. διώρυγα 445. διωρυγα 446. ελευθέρνα 447. ελευθερνα 448. ελευσίνα 449. ελευσινα 450. εμποριό 451. εμποριο 452. αυγονήσι 453. αυγονησι 454. ερέτρια 455. ερετρια 456. εύτρηση 457. ευτρηση 458. ζάκρος 459. ζακρος 460. ήλιδα 461. ηλιδα 462. θερμοπύλες 463. θερμοπυλες 464. θέρμη 465. θερμη 466. θορικός 467. θορικος 468. καμηλονήσι 469. καμηλονησι 470. ιαλυσός 471. ιαλυσος 472. ισθμός 473. ισθμος 474. καβείριο 475. καβειριο 476. κάμειρος 477. καμειρος 478. κασσώπη 479. κασσωπη 480. κεραμεικός 481. κεραμεικος 482. κέρος 483. κερος 484. κίρρα


485. κιρρα 486. κνωσός 487. κνωσσος 488. κύμη 489. κυμη 490. κύνος 491. κυνος 492. λεβήνας 493. λεβηνας 494. λέπρεο 495. λεπρεο 496. λιθαρές 497. λιθαρες 498. λευκαντί 499. λευκαντι 500. λιλαία 501. λιλαια 502. λίνδος 503. λινδος 504. λίσσος 505. λισσος 506. μάλθη 507. μαλθη 508. μάλλια 509. μαλλια 510. μαντίνεια 511. μαντινεια 512. μαραθών 513. μαραθων 514. μαρώνεια 515. μαρωνεια 516. μένδη 517. μενδη 518. μεγαλόπολη 519. μεγαλοπολη 520. μεσσήνη 521. μεσσηνη 522. μετέωρα 523. μετεωρα 524. μήθυμνα 525. μηθυμνα 526. μιδέα 527. μιδεα 528. μοναστήρι 529. μοναστηρι 530. πολυφαδος 531. μονη 532. ουνιανήσια 533. ουνιανησια 534. σίαλ 535. σιαλ 536. αστακίδα 537. αστακιδα

538. αστακιδόπουλο 539. αστακιδοπουλο 540. κάρπαθος 541. καρπαθος 542. σαριά 543. σαρια 544. κάσος 545. κασος 546. κασονήσια 547. κασονησια 548. πλάτη 549. πλατη 550. αρμαθιά 551. αρμαθια 552. δία 553. δια 554. αυγό 555. αυγο 556. παξιμάδι 557. παξιμαδι 558. γιανυσάδες 559. γιανυσαδες 560. διονυσάδες 561. διονυσαδες 562. παξιμάδα 563. παξιμαδα 564. ποντικόνησος 565. ποντικονησος 566. γαύδος 567. γαυδος 568. γαυδοπούλα 569. γαυδοπουλα 570. γαϊδουρονήσι 571. γαϊδουρονησι 572. μικρονήσι 573. μικρονησι 574. κουφονήσι 575. κουφονησι 576. τράχηλος 577. τραχηλος 578. παξιμάδια 579. παξιμαδια 580. μακεδονία 581. μακεδονια 582. ανατολικήμακεδονία 583. ανατολικημακεδονια 584. κεντρικήμακεδονία 585. κεντρικημακεδονια

586. δυτικήμακεδονία 587. δυτικημακεδονια 588. ήπειρος 589. ηπειρος 590. θεσσαλία 591. θεσσαλια 592. στερεάελλάδα 593. στερεαελλαδα 594. πελοπόννησος 595. πελοποννησος 596. δωδεκάνησα 597. δωδεκανησα 598. επτάνησα 599. επτανησα 600. κρήτη 601. κρητη 602. κυκλάδες 603. κυκλαδες 604. αιγαίο 605. αιγαιο 606. ιόνιο 607. ιονιο 608. μυρτώο 609. μυρτωο 610. κρητικό 611. κρητικο 612. αθήνα 613. αθηνα 614. άθως 615. αθως 616. άγιονόρος 617. αγιονορος 618. αιανή 619. αιανη 620. αμύνταιο 621. αμυνταιο 622. αξιός 623. αξιος 624. άρδας 625. αρδας 626. βελβεντός 627. βελβεντος 628. γουμένισσα 629. γουμενιτσα 630. δεσκάτη 631. δεσκατη 632. δορκάς 633. δορκας 634. δεσπάτης 635. δεσπατης 636. ελευθερούπολη

REGULATIONS Part 5


637. ελευθερουπολη 638. κρυσταλλοπηγή 639. κρυσταλλοπηγη 640. λέχοβο 641. λεχοβο 642. μαργαρίτι 643. μαργαριτι 644. νέστος 645. νεστος 646. νυμφαίο 647. νυμφαιο 648. ορφανό 649. ορφανο 650. ουρανούπολη 651. ουρανουπολη 652. παγγαίο 653. παγγαιο 654. παραμυθιά 655. παραμυθια 656. προμαχώνας 657. προμαχωνας 658. σαγιάδα 659. σαγιαδα 660. στενήμαχος 661. στενημαχος 662. στρυμώνας 663. στρυμωνας 664. σωζόπολη 665. σωζοπολη 666. τσοτύλι 667. τσοτυλι 668. φιλιάτες 669. φιλιατες 670. χορτιάτης 671. χορτιατης 672. χρυσούπολη 673. χρυσουπολη 674. αττική 675. αττικη 676. πειραιάς 677. πειραιας 678. αιτωλοακαρνανία 679. αιτωλοακαρνανια 680. αλιάκμονας 681. αλιακμονας 682. αγχίαλος 683. αγχιαλος 684. αργολίδα 685. αργολιδα 686. αρκαδία 687. αρκαδια

688. άρτα 689. αρτα 690. αχαΐα 691. αχαια 692. βοιωτία 693. βοιωτια 694. γρεβενά 695. γρεβενα 696. δράμα 697. δραμα 698. εύβοια 699. ευβοια 700. ευρυτανία 701. ευρυτανια 702. ζάκυνθος 703. ζακυνθος 704. ηλεία 705. ηλεια 706. ημαθία 707. ημαθια 708. ηράκλειο 709. ηρακλειο 710. θεσπρωτία 711. θεσπρωτια 712. θεσσαλονίκη 713. θεσσαλονικη 714. ιωάννινα 715. ιωαννινα 716. ιωνία 717. ιωνια 718. αιολίς 719. αιολις 720. δωρίς 721. δωρις 722. λοκροί 723. λοκροι 724. καβάλα 725. καβαλα 726. καρδίτσα 727. καρδιτσα 728. κεφαλληνία 729. κεφαλληνια 730. κεφαλλονιά 731. κεφαλλονια 732. κιλκίς 733. κιλκις 734. κόρινθος 735. κορινθος 736. λακωνία 737. λακωνια 738. λασίθι 739. λασιθι 740. λέσβος

741. λεσβος 742. λευκάδα 743. λευκαδα 744. μαγνησία 745. μαγνησια 746. μεσσηνία 747. μεσσηνια 748. πέλλα 749. πελλα 750. πιερία 751. πιερια 752. πρέβεζα 753. πρεβεζα 754. ρέθυμνο 755. ρεθυμνο 756. σάμος 757. σαμος 758. σέρρες 759. σερρες 760. τρίκαλα 761. τρικαλα 762. φθιώτιδα 763. φθιωτιδα 764. φλώρινα 765. φλωρινα 766. φωκίδα 767. ψωραδια 768. φωκιδα 769. χαλκιδική 770. χαλκιδικη 771. άγιοςκωνσταντίνος 772. αγιοςκωνσταντινος 773. άγιοςνικόλαος 774. αγιοςνικολαος 775. αγρίνιο 776. αγρινιο 777. αίγινα 778. αιγινα 779. αλεξάνδρεια 780. αλεξανδρεια 781. αμοργός 782. αμοργος 783. άμφισσα 784. αμφισσα 785. άνδρος 786. ανδρος 787. άργος 788. αργος 789. αριδαία 790. αριδαια 791. αρναία


792. αρναια 793. αρχάγγελος 794. αρχαγγελος 795. αρχαίαολυμπία 796. αρχαιαολυμπια 797. όλυνθος 798. ολυνθος 799. όρραον 800. ορραον 801. ορχομενός 802. ορχομενος 803. περαία 804. περαια 805. πλαταιές 806. πλαταιες 807. πολιόχνη 808. πολιοχνη 809. πόλις 810. πολις 811. πνύκα 812. πνυκα 813. πύδνα 814. πυνδα 815. πυθαγόρειο 816. πυθαγορειο 817. ραμνούς 818. ραμνους 819. σέσκλο 820. σεσκλο 821. σούλι 822. σουλι 823. σίνδος 824. σινδος 825. σικυών 826. σικυων 827. σκρα 828. σύβοτα 829. συβοτα 830. τεγέα 831. τεγεα 832. τίρυνς 833. τιρυνς 834. τορώνη 835. τορωνη 836. τύλισος 837. τυλισος 838. ύρια 839. υρια 840. φαιστός 841. φαιστος 842. φιγάλεια 843. φιγαλεια 844. φυλακωπή

845. φυλακωτη 846. χαιρώνεια 847. χαιρωνεια 848. βεγορίτιδα 849. βεγοριτιδα 850. βεργίνα 851. βεργινα 852. βέρμιο 853. βερμιο 854. βέροια 855. βεροια 856. βόλος 857. βολος 858. βόρας 859. βορας 860. γιαννιτσά 861. γιαννιτσα 862. γρεβενά 863. γρεβενα 864. δελφοί 865. δελφοι 866. δίον 867. διον 868. δοϊράνη 869. δοιρανη 870. δοξάτο 871. δοξατο 872. δράμα 873. δραμα 874. δωδώνη 875. δωδωνη 876. έδεσσα 877. εδεσσα 878. ελασσόνα 879. ελασσονα 880. επίδαυρος 881. επιδαυρος 882. ερμούπολη 883. ερμουπολη 884. ζάλογγο 885. ζαλογγο 886. ηγουμενίτσα 887. ηγουμενιτσα 888. θάσος 889. θασος 890. θερμαϊκός 891. θερμαικος 892. θήβα 893. θηβα 894. θήρα 895. θηρα 896. ιεράπετρα 897. ιεραπετρα

898. ιθάκη 899. ιθακη 900. καλαμάτα 901. καλαματα 902. καλαμπάκα 903. καλαμπακα 904. καρπενήσι 905. καρπενησι 906. κάρυστος 907. καρυστος 908. κασσάνδρα 909. κασσανδρα 910. καστέλλι 911. καστελλι 912. καστοριά 913. καστορια 914. κατερίνη 915. κατερινη 916. κερκίνη 917. κερκινη 918. κέρκυρα 919. κερκυρα 920. κοζάνη 921. κοζανη 922. κόνιτσα 923. κονιτσα 924. κορώνεια 925. κορωνεια 926. κύθηρα 927. κυθηρα 928. κύθνος 929. κυθνος 930. λαμία 931. λαμια 932. λάρισα 933. λαρισα 934. λευκάδα 935. λευκαδα 936. λιτόχωρο 937. λιτοχωρο 938. μελίτη 939. μελιτη 940. μεσολόγγι 941. μεσολογγι 942. μέτσοβο 943. μετσοβο 944. μήλος 945. μηλος 946. μονεμβασιά 947. μονεμβασια 948. μυκήνες 949. μυκηνες 950. μύκονος

REGULATIONS Part 5


951. μυκονος 952. μυστράς 953. μυστρας 954. μύρινα 955. μυρινα 956. νάξος 957. ναξος 958. νάουσα 959. ναουσα 960. ναυαρίνο 961. ναυαρινο 962. ναύπακτος 963. ναυπακτος 964. ναύπλιο 965. ναυπλιο 966. νέαμουδανιά 967. νεαμουδανια 968. νικόπολη 969. νικοπολη 970. νεστόριο 971. νεστοριο 972. νευροκόπι 973. νευροκοπι 974. νιγρίτα 975. νιγριτα 976. νιχώρια 977. νιχωρια 978. όλυμπος 979. ολυμπος 980. παξοί 981. παξοι 982. πάργα 983. παργα 984. πάρος 985. παρος 986. πάτρα 987. πατρα 988. πολύγυρος 989. πολυγυρος 990. πόρος 991. πορος 992. πρέβεζα

993. πρεβεζα 994. πρέσπες 995. πρεσπες 996. πτολεμαϊδα 997. πτολεμαιδα 998. πύργος 999. πυργος 1000. ρέθυμνο 1001. ρεθυμνο 1002. ρούμελη 1003. ρουμελη 1004. σαλαμίνα 1005. σαλαμινα 1006. σαμαρίνα 1007. σαμαρινα 1008. σέριφος 1009. σεριφος 1010. σητεία 1011. σητεια 1012. σιάτιστα 1013. σιατιστα 1014. σιδηρόκαστρο 1015. σιδηροκαστρο 1016. σιθωνία 1017. σιθωνια 1018. σίκινος 1019. σικινος 1020. σίφνος 1021. σιφνος 1022. σκιάθος 1023. σκιαθος 1024. σκόπελος 1025. σκοπελος 1026. σκύδρα 1027. σκυδρα 1028. σκύρος 1029. σκυρος 1030. σπάρτη 1031. σπαρτη 1032. σπέτσες 1033. σπετσες 1034. σποράδες

1035. σποραδες 1036. στάγιρα 1037. σταγιρα 1038. τήνος 1039. τηνος 1040. τρίπολη 1041. τριπολη 1042. ύδρα 1043. υδρα 1044. φιλίπποι 1045. φιλιπποι 1046. φλώρινα 1047. φλωρινα 1048. χαλκηδόνα 1049. χαλκηδονα 1050. χανιά 1051. χανια 1052. άγιοςγεώργιος 1053. αγιοςγεωργιος 1054. άγιοςιωάννης 1055. αγιοςιωαννης 1056. αγριελούσα 1057. αγριελουσα 1058. αγριελαία 1059. αγριελαια 1060. βενετικό 1061. βενετικο 1062. δραγονέρα 1063. δραγονερα 1064. κιόνι 1065. κιονι 1066. κουτσουμπόρα 1067. κουτσουμπορα 1068. λαιμός 1069. λαιμος 1070. μαύροποινί 1071. μαυροποινι 1072. μαύροποινάκι 1073. μαυροποινακι 1074. πολυφάδος

HUNGARY 1. magyarkoztarsasag 2. republicofhungary 3. republiquedehongrie 4. republikungarn 5. republicadehungria 6. repubblicadiungheria 7. republicadahungria 8. ungerskarepubliken

9. unkarintasavalta 10. denungarskerepublik 11. derepublikhongarije 12. republikawegierska 13. ungarivabariik 14. ungarijasrepublika 15. vengrijosrespublika 16. magyarorszag


17. hungary 18. hongrie 19. ungarn 20. hungria 21. ungheria 22. ungern 23. unkari 24. hongarije 25. wegry 26. madarsko 27. ungari 28. ungarija 29. vengrija 30. magyarköztársaság 31. magyarország 32. madarskarepublika 33. republikamadzarska

34. madzarsko 35. ουγγαρια 36. ουγρικιδεμοκρατια 37. nyugatdunántúl 38. középdunántúl 39. déldunántúl 40. középmagyarország 41. északmagyarország 42. északalföld 43. délalföld 44. nyugatdunantul 45. kozepdunantul 46. deldunantul 47. kozepmagyarorszag 48. eszakmagyarorszag 49. eszakalfold 50. delalfold

IRELAND 1. irlanda 2. irsko 3. irland 4. iirimaa 5. ireland 6. irlande 7. irlanda 8. Īrija 9. Airija 10. Írország 11. L-Irlanda 12. iρλανδία 13. ierland 14. irlandia 15. Írsko 16. irska 17. irlanti 18. irland 19. .irlande 20. Ιρλανδία 21. irlande 22. republicofireland

23. eire 24. irelànd 25. irelánd 26. irelánd 27. irelánd 28. irelând 29. irelãnd 30. ireländ 31. irelånd 32. irelænd 33. irèland 34. iréland 35. irêland 36. irëland 37. ìreland 38. íreland 39. îreland 40. ireland 41. irelanð 42. irelañd 43. irelānd 44. irelănd

45. ireląnd 46. irelanď 47. irelanđ 48. irēland 49. irěland 50. irėland 51. iręland 52. irěland 53. ĩreland 54. īreland 55. ĭreland 56. įreland 57. ıreland 58. irelańd 59. irelaņd 60. irelaňd 61. irelaŉd 62. irelaŋd 63. iŕeland 64. iŗeland 65. iřeland 66. ирландия

ITALY 1. Repubblica-Italiana 2. RepubblicaItaliana 3. Italia 4. Italy 5. Italian 6. Italien 7. Italija

8. Itália 9. Italië 10. Italien 11. Itálie 12. Italie 13. Olaszország 14. Itālija 15. Włochy

16. Ιταλία 17. Italja 18. Taliansko 19. Itaalia 20. Abruzzo 21. Basilicata 22. Calabria 23. Campania

REGULATIONS Part 5


24. Emilia-Romagna 25. Friuli-VeneziaGiulia 26. Lazio 27. Liguria 28. Lombardia

29. Marche 30. Molise 31. Piemonte 32. Puglia 33. Sardegna 34. Sicilia

35. Toscana 36. Trentino-AltoAdige 37. Umbria 38. Valled'Aosta 39. Veneto

LATVIA 1. Λετονία 2. Lettorszag 3. Latvja 4. Letland 5. Lotwa 6. Letonia 7. Lotyssko 8. Latvija 9. Lettland 10. Latvia 11. Lotyssko 12. Letland 13. Lettland 14. Lati 15. Letonia 16. Lettonie 17. Lettonia

18. Republicoflatvia 19. Latvijskajarespublika 20. lotyšsko 21. λεττονία 22. läti 23. letònia 24. латвия 25. łotwa 26. letónia 27. letônia 28. lettország 29. républiquedelettonie 30. repúblicadeletònia 31. латвийскаяреспублика 32. republikałotewska 33. républiquedelettonie

LITHUANIA 1. lietuva 2. leedu 3. liettua 4. litauen 5. lithouania 6. lithuania 7. litouwen 8. lituania 9. lituanie 10. litva 11. litván 12. litvania 13. litvanya 14. litwa 15. litwanja 16. liettuan 17. litevská 18. lietuvas 19. litwy 20. litovska 21. aukstaitija 22. zemaitija 23. dzukija 24. suvalkija

25. suduva 26. lietuvos-respublika 27. lietuvos_respublika 28. lietuvosrespublika 29. republic-of-lithuania 30. republic_of_lithuania 31. republiclithuania 32. republicoflithuania 33. republique-de-lituanie 34. republique_de_lituanie 35. republiquelituanie 36. republiquedelituanie 37. republica-de-lituania 38. republica_de_lituania 39. republicalituania 40. republicadelituania 41. litovskajarespublika 42. litovskaja-respublika 43. litovskaja_respublika 44. litauensrepublik 45. litauens-republik 46. litauens_republic 47. republiklitauen 48. republik-litauen


49. republic_litauen 50. δημοκρατιατησλιθουανιας 51. δημοκρατια-της-λιθουανιας 52. δημοκρατια_της_λιθουανιας 53. δημοκρατίατηςΛιθουανίας 54. δημοκρατία-της-Λιθουανίας 55. δημοκρατία_της_Λιθουανίας 56. repubblicadilituania 57. repubblica-di-lituania 58. repubblica_di_lituania 59. republieklitouwen 60. republiek-litouwen 61. republiek_litouwen 62. republicadalituania 63. republica-da-lituania 64. republica_da_lituania 65. liettuantasavalta 66. liettuan-tasavalta 67. liettuan_tasavalta 68. republikenLitauen 69. republiken-litauen 70. republiken_litauen 71. litevskárepublika 72. litevská-republika 73. litevská_republika 74. leeduvabariik 75. leedu-vabariik

76. leedu_vabariik 77. lietuvasrepublika 78. lietuvas-republika 79. lietuvas_republika 80. litvánköztársaság 81. litván-köztársaság 82. litván_köztársaság 83. repubblikatallitwanja 84. repubblika-tal-litwanja 85. repubblika_tal_litwanja 86. republikalitwy 87. republika-litwy 88. republika_litwy 89. litovskarepublika 90. litovska-republika 91. litovska_republika 92. republikalitva 93. republika-litva 94. republika_litva 95. aukštaitija 96. žemaitija 97. dzūkija 98. sūduva 99. литва 100. литовскаяреспублика 101. литовская-республика 102. λιθουανία

LUXEMBOURG 1. luxembourg 2. luxemburg 3. letzebuerg MALTA 1. malta 2. malte 3. melita 4. republicofmalta 5. republic-of-malta 6. therepublicofmalta

7. the-republic-of-malta 8. repubblikatamalta 9. repubblika-ta-malta 10. maltarepublic

11. maltarepubblika 12. gozo 13. ghawdex 14. għawdex

NETHERLANDS 1. nederland 2. holland 3. thenetherlands 4. netherlands 5. lespaysbas 6. hollande 7. dieniederlande

8. lospaisesbajos 9. holanda 10. fryslân 11. provinciefryslân 12. provincie-fryslân 13. dieniederlände 14. niederlände

15. neerlandés 16. paísesbaxos 17. paísesbajos 18. néerlande 19. paísesbaixos 20. neerlândia

REGULATIONS Part 5






ROMANIA 1. românia 2. romania 3. roumanie 4. rumänien 5. rumanien 6. rumanía 7. rumænien 8. roménia 9. romênia 10. romenia 11. rumunia 12. rumunsko 13. romunija 14. rumãnija

15. rumunija 16. rumeenia 17. ρουμανία 18. románia 19. rumanija 20. roemenië 21. românia

22. bucurești 23. румъния 24. букурещ 25. rumænien 26. bukurešť 27. rumänien 28. ρουμανία

29. βoυκουρέστι 30. rumanía 31. rumānija 32. bukareštas 33. románia 34. roemenië 35. roménia 36. bukarešta 37. rumänien 38. румыния 39. бухарест 40. rúmenía 41. búkarest




SLOVENIA 1. slovenija 2. slovenia 3. slowenien 4. slovenie 5. la-slovenie 6. laslovenie 7. eslovenia 8. republikaslovenija

9. republika-slovenija 10. republicofslovenia 11. republic-of-slovenia 12. szlovenia 13. szlovenkoztarsasag 14. szloven-koztarsasag 15. repubblicadislovenia 16. repubblica-di-slovenia

REGULATIONS Part 5


SPAIN 1. españa 2. reinodeespana 3. reino-de-espana 4. espagne 5. espana 6. espanha 7. espanja 8. espanya 9. hispaania 10. hiszpania 11. ispanija 12. spagna 13. spain 14. spanielsko 15. spanien 16. spanija 17. spanje 18. reinodeespaña 19. reino-de-españa 20. španielsko 21. spānija 22. španija 23. španiělsko 24. espainia 25. ispania 26. ισπανια 27. andalucia 28. andalucía 29. andalousie 30. andalusia 31. andalusien 32. juntadeandalucia 33. juntadeandalucía 34. aragon 35. aragón 36. gobiernodearagon 37. gobiernoaragón 38. principadodeasturias 39. principaudasturies 40. asturias 41. asturies 42. illesbalears 43. islasbaleares 44. canarias 45. gobiernodecanarias 46. canaryisland 47. kanarischeinseln 48. cantabria 49. gobiernodecantabria 50. castillalamancha 51. castilla-lamancha

52. castillayleon 53. castillayleón 54. juntadecastillayleon 55. juntadecastillayleón 56. generalitatdecatalunya 57. generalitatdecataluña 58. catalunya 59. cataluña 60. katalonien 61. catalonia 62. catalogna 63. catalogne 64. cataloniě 65. katalonias 66. catalunha 67. kataloniens 68. katalonian 69. catalonië 70. extremadura 71. comunidadautonomadeextremadura 72. comunidadautónomadeextremadura 73. xuntadegalicia 74. comunidadautonomadegalicia 75. comunidaautónomadegalicia 76. comunidadeautonomadegalicia 77. comunidadeautónomadegalicia 78. larioja 79. gobiernodelarioja 80. comunidadmadrid 81. madridregion 82. regionmadrid 83. madrid 84. murciaregion 85. murciaregión 86. murciaregione 87. murciaregiao 88. regiondemurcia 89. regióndemurcia 90. regionofmurcia 91. regionvonmurcia 92. regionedimurcia 93. regiaodomurcia 94. navarra 95. nafarroa 96. navarre 97. navarracomunidadforal 98. nafarroaforukomunitatea 99. nafarroaforuerkidegoa 100. communauteforaledenavarre


101. communautéforaledenavarre 102. foralcommunityofnavarra 103. paisvasco 104. paísvasco 105. euskadi 106. euskalherria 107. paisbasc 108. basquecountry 109. paysbasque 110. paesebasco 111. baskenland 112. paisbasco 113. χώρατωνβάσκων 114. gobiernovasco 115. euskojaurlaritza

116. governbasc 117. basquegovernment 118. gouvernementbasque 119. governobasco 120. baskischeregierung 121. baskitschebestuur 122. κυβέρνησητωνβάσκων 123. comunidad-valenciana 124. comunidadvalenciana 125. comunitat-valenciana 126. comunitatvalenciana 127. ceuta 128. gobiernoceuta 129. melilla 130. gobiernomelilla






2. List of names per country and the countries that can reserve them CROATIA 1. croatia 2. kroatia 3. kroatien 4. kroatien 5. croazia

6. kroatien 7. croacia 8. croatie 9. horvátország 10. horvatorszag

11. kroatië 12. kroatie 13. chorwacja 14. κροατία 15. chorvatsko

REGULATIONS Part 5


16. charvátsko 17. horvaatia 18. kroaatia 19. croácia 20. croacia

21. horvātija 22. horvatija 23. kroatija 24. kroazja 25. chorvátsko

26. chrovatsko 27. hrvaška 28. hrvaska

ICELAND 1. arepublicadeislândia 2. deijslandrepubliek 3. deijslandrepubliek 4. derepubliekvanijsland 5. derepubliekvanijsland 6. iceland 7. icelandrepublic 8. iepublikaislande 9. ijsland 10. island 11. islanda 12. islande 13. islandia 14. islândia 15. islandica 16. islandrepublik 17. islandskylisejnik 18. islannintasavalta 19. islanti 20. izland 21. ísland 22. íslenskalýðveldið 23. köztársaságizland 24. larepubblicadiislanda 25. larepúblicadeislandia 26. larépubliquedislande 27. lislande 28. lýðveldiðísland 29. puklerkaislandska 30. rahvavabariikisland 31. repubblicadiislanda 32. repubblikataisland 33. republicoficeland 34. republikaisland 35. republikaislandia 36. republikavisland 37. republikkenisland 38. republikvonisland 39. repúblicadeislandia 40. repúblicadeislândia 41. républiquedislande 42. ΔημοκρατίατηςΙσλανδίας 43. Ισλανδία 44. ísland 45. akraneskaupstaður

46. akureyrarkaupstaður 47. álftanes 48. árneshreppur 49. ásahreppur 50. bakkafjörður 51. bessastaðahreppur 52. bifröst 53. bíldudalur 54. bláskógabyggð 55. blönduós 56. blönduósbær 57. bolungarvík 58. bolungarvíkurkaupstaður 59. borðeyri 60. borgarbyggð 61. borgarfjarðarhreppur 62. borgarfjörðureystri 63. breiðdalshreppur 64. breiðdalsvík 65. búðardalur 66. bæjarhreppur 67. dalabyggð 68. dalvík 69. dalvíkurbyggð 70. djúpavogshreppur 71. djúpivogur 72. egilsstaðir 73. eiðar 74. eskifjörður 75. eyjafjarðarsveit 76. fáskrúðsfjörður 77. fellabær 78. fjallabyggð 79. fjarðabyggð 80. fljótsdalshérað 81. fljótsdalshreppur 82. flóahreppur 83. flúðir 84. garðabær 85. garður 86. grenivík 87. grindavík 88. grindavíkurbær 89. grímsey 90. grímseyjarhreppur


91. grímsnes-oggrafningshreppur 92. grundarfjarðarbær 93. grundarfjörður 94. grýtubakkahreppur 95. hafnarfjarðarkaupstaður 96. hafnarfjörður 97. hallormsstaður 98. hnífsdalur 99. hofsós 100. hólar 101. hólmavík 102. hrísey 103. húnavantshreppur 104. húnaþingvestra 105. húsavík 106. hvalfjarðarsveit 107. hveragerði 108. hveragerðisbær 109. hvolsvöllur 110. höfn 111. hörgárbyggð 112. ísafjarðarbær 113. ísafjörður 114. keflavík 115. kirkjubæjarklaustur 116. kjósarhreppur 117. kópasker 118. kópavogsbær 119. kópavogur 120. langanesbyggð 121. laugarás 122. litli-árskógssandur 123. mosfellsbær 124. mýrdalshreppur 125. mývatn 126. neskaupsstaður 127. njarðvík 128. norðfjörður 129. norðurþing 130. ólafsfjörður 131. ólafsvík 132. patreksfjörður 133. rangárþingeystra 134. rangárþingytra 135. raufarhöfn 136. reyðarfjörður 137. reykhólahreppur 138. reykjahlíð 139. reykjanesbær 140. reykjavík 141. reykjavíkcity

142. reykjavíkurborg 143. sandgerði 144. sandgerðisbær 145. sauðárkrókur 146. seltjarnarneskaupstaður 147. seyðisfjarðarkaupstaður 148. seyðisfjörður 149. siglufjörður 150. skaftárhreppur 151. skagabyggð 152. skagaströnd 153. skeiða-oggnúpverjahreppur 154. skógar 155. skútustaðahreppur 156. snæfellsbær 157. snæfellsnes 158. sólheimar 159. strandabyggð 160. stykkishólmsbær 161. stykkishólmur 162. stöðvarfjörður 163. suðureyri 164. súðavík 165. súðavíkurhreppur 166. svalbarðseyri 167. svalbarðshreppur 168. svalbarðsstrandarhreppur 169. sveitarfélagiðálftanes 170. sveitarfélagiðárborg 171. sveitarfélagiðgarður 172. sveitarfélagiðhornafjörður 173. sveitarfélagiðskagafjörður 174. sveitarfélagiðskagaströnd 175. sveitarfélagiðvogar 176. sveitarfélagiðölfus 177. tálknafjarðarhreppur 178. tálknafjörður 179. tjörneshreppur 180. varmahlíð 181. vestmannaeyjabær 182. vesturbyggð 183. vík 184. vopnafjarðarhreppur 185. vopnafjörður 186. Þingeyjarsveit 187. Þingeyri 188. Þórshöfn 189. ásbyrgi 190. snæfellsjökull 191. vatnajökull 192. Þingvellir

REGULATIONS Part 5




NORWAY 1. norge 2. noreg 3. norway 4. norwegen 5. norvege 6. norvège 7. noruega 8. norvegia 9. norvégia

10. norsko 11. nórsko 12. norra 13. norja 14. norvegija 15. norvēģija 16. noorwegen 17. Νορßηγία 18. norvegja

19. norveġja 20. norveska 21. norveška 22. norwegia 23. norga 24. норвегия 25. norvegiâ

TURKEY 1. turkiye 2. türkiye 3. turkiyecumhuriyeti 4. türkiyecumhuriyeti 5. türkei 6. die-türkei 7. dietürkei 8. republik-türkei 9. republiktürkei 10. tурция 11. pепублика-tурция 12. pепубликаtурция 13. turecká-republika 14. tureckárepublika 15. türgi 16. türgi-vabariik 17. türgivabariik 18. la-république-de-turquie 19. larépubliquedeturquie 20. république-de-turquie 21. républiquedeturquie 22. république-turquie 23. républiqueturquie 24. turquía

25. república-de-turquia 26. repúblicadeturquia 27. república-de-turquía 28. repúblicadeturquía 29. la-república-de-turquía 30. larepúblicadeturquía 31. törökország 32. török-köztársaság 33. törökköztársaság 34. república-da-turquia 35. repúblicadaturquia 36. turecká-republika 37. tureckárepublika 38. turčija 39. republika-turčija 40. republikaturčija 41. τουρκία 42. τουρκική-δημοκρατία 43. τουρκικήδημοκρατία 44. tурция 45. pеспублика-tурция 46. pеспубликаtурция


III. EURID (WWW.EURID.EU)


Part 1

Terms and Conditions

EURID Part 1


.eu Domain Name Registration Terms and Conditions

v.5.0

TABLE OF CONTENTS Table of Contents Definitions Object and Scope Section 1. Eligibility Requirements Section 2. First Come, First Served Principle; Availability and Technical Requirements; Blocked and Reserved Names Section 3. Obligations of the Registrant Section 4. Representations and Warranties of the Registrant Section 5. Fees and Payment Section 6. Term, Renewal and Extension of the term of the Domain Name Registration Section 7. Transfer of a Domain Name Section 8. Suspended, Blocked and Revoked Domain Names; Registry Lock Section 9. Rights Granted Section 10. Communication between the Registry and the Registrant Section 11. Privacy and Data Protection Section 12. Limitation of Liability Section 13. Amendments Section 14. Applicable Law and Jurisdiction Section 15. Alternative Dispute Resolution (“ADR”)


DEFINITIONS Throughout these .eu Domain Name Registration terms and conditions (“Terms and Conditions”), the .eu Registration Policy, the Registration Guidelines, the .eu Dispute Resolution Rules, the Sunrise Rules, the WHOIS Policy and their respective addenda, the following capitalised terms and expressions shall have the meaning ascribed thereto below: Application Means a complete, technically correct request for a Domain Name registration submitted to the Registry, which complies with all the requirements provided for in (a) Section 3 of the Sunrise Rules and (b) the Registration Guidelines; ADR Procedure Has the meaning ascribed to it in the .eu Dispute Resolution Rules; Domain Name Means a domain name registered directly under the .eu Top Level Domain or for which a request or application for registration has been filed with the Registry; .eu Dispute Resolution Rules Means the rules for the Alternative dispute resolution (ADR) procedure referred to in Article 22 of the Public Policy Rules; .eu Regulation Means Regulation (EC) No 733/2002 of the European Parliament and of the Council of 22 April 2002 on the implementation of the .eu Top Level Domain, OJ L, 113, 30 April 2002, pp. 1-5 and subsequent amendments; General Eligibility Criteria Eligibility Criteria set out in Art 4 (2)(b) of the .eu Regulation; Phased Registration Period Means the four-month period prior to the start of general registration of Domain Names during which only holders of prior rights recognised or established by national and/or Community law and Public Bodies shall be eligible to register Domain Names, as referred to in Chapter IV of the Public Policy Rules and announced in accordance therewith, or any other period organised by the Registry with a similar objective; Public Policy Rules Means Commission Regulation (EC) No 874/2004 of 28 April 2004 laying down public policy rules concerning the implementation and functions of the .eu Top Level Domain and the principles governing registration, OJ L, 162, 30 April 2004, pp. 40-50 and subsequent amendments;

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Registrant Means a natural person, company or organisation who is holder of a Domain Name registration or who has filed a request or application for the registration of a Domain Name; Registrar Means a person or entity that, via a contract with the Registry, provides domain name registration services to Registrants; Registration Guidelines Means the technical guidelines made available on the Website of the Registry; Registration Policy Means the document available on the Website of the Registry; Registry Means EURid vzw/asbl, a not-for-profit organisation duly incorporated and validly existing under the laws of Belgium, with registered office at Park Station, Woluwelaan 150, 1831 Diegem (Belgium); Regulations Means the .eu Regulation and the Public Policy Rules; Rules Means the Terms and Conditions, the Registration Policy, the .eu Dispute Resolution Rules, the Sunrise Rules (if applicable), the Registration Guidelines and the Regulations; Sunrise Rules Means the terms and conditions that shall apply during the Phased Registration Period, made available on the Website of the Registry; Term Means the (renewable) term of registration of a Domain Name commencing on the registration date or (in case a transfer has occurred before 7 April 2011) on the date of the last transfer before 7 April 2011 (= the introduction of multi-year registrations) and ending in the last calendar year of the term on the last day of the month when the Domain Name was registered or last transferred before 7 April 2011. At any time the Domain Name registration may be extended for an additional period not exceeding an aggregate total of ten (10) years at a certain given time although the exact total amount may be more than ten (10) years by adding the remaining number of days of the month in which the Domain Name was registered or last transferred before 7 April 2011.


The transfer or re-activation of a Domain Name in principle does not change the registration date or the registration anniversary date, but extends the Term with another year, subject to the provisions set forth herein. Website of the Registry Means the website available at http://www.eurid.eu; WHOIS Policy Means the WHOIS Policy made available on the Website of the Registry.

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OBJECT AND SCOPE These Terms and Conditions, together with the Registration Policy, the .eu Dispute Resolution Rules, the Sunrise Rules (if applicable) and the Regulations, lay down the rights and obligations of the Registry, the Registrar and the Registrant with respect to any application or request for registration of a Domain Name, the registration itself and any renewals thereof, including any and all issues in relation to such Domain Name. SECTION 1. ELIGIBILITY REQUIREMENTS Only natural persons, companies or organisations meeting the General Eligibility Criteria, shall be eligible to register a Domain Name. SECTION 2. FIRST COME, FIRST SERVED PRINCIPLE; AVAILABILITY AND TECHNICAL REQUIREMENTS; BLOCKED AND RESERVED NAMES 1. Unless provided for otherwise in the Rules, the Registry shall register Domain Names on a “first come, first served” basis, in accordance with the terms and conditions set forth herein. In this respect, the date and time of receipt by the Registry’s systems of a complete and technically correct electronic request or application for domain name registration, as set forth in the Registration Guidelines, shall be the sole reference point. 2. Only the following names can be registered as a Domain Name:

(i) available names. A name is available when:

a. it is not already registered as a Domain Name; b. it is not reserved, blocked or notified to the Registry as “not registrable” in accordance with the Public Policy Rules, unless provided for otherwise therein; c. it has not been applied for during the Phased Registration Period, unless it has been made available by the Registry in accordance with the Sunrise Rules;

(ii) names that meet the following technical and lexical requirements:

a. are a minimum of 2 characters long before their conversion into the ACE notation (not including the .eu suffix), are a maximum of 63 characters long after their conversion into the ACE notation (not


including the .eu suffix) and after the conversion of capitals into small letters; b. exclusively use characters selected from the list of supported characters in the Latin, Greek and Cyrillic scripts, as published on the website of the Registry in the UNICODE representation; c. contain letters from a single script only in the UNICODE representation, including digits “0” to “9” and/or a hyphen (“-“); d. do not begin or end with a hyphen (“-”); e. do not contain a hyphen (“-”) in the third and fourth positions simultaneously, unless they begin with the characters “xn” or also contain a hyphen in the second position; f. may not consist exclusively of an alpha-2 country code; g. may not contain any characters other than the Latin letters “A” to “Z” or “a” to “z”, the digits “0” to “9” or the hyphen (“-”) if they begin with the characters “xn--”.

All of the above conditions must be cumulatively met. SECTION 3. OBLIGATIONS OF THE REGISTRANT Throughout the Term, the Registrant has the following obligations: 1. as referred to in the Registration Policy, to keep its contact information accurate, complete and up-to-date, both (i) with the Registrar with whom the Registrant has entered into an Agreement and (ii) with the Registry (via the Registrar). Moreover, the Registrant represents and warrants that any e-mail address communicated to the Registry shall be a functioning e-mail address; 2. to use the Domain Name in such way that it does not violate any third-party rights, applicable laws or regulations, including discrimination on the basis of race, language, sex, religion or political view; 3. not to use the Domain Name (i) in bad faith or (ii) for any unlawful purpose.

EURID Part 1


SECTION 4. REPRESENTATIONS AND WARRANTIES OF THE REGISTRANT The Registrant represents and warrants that: 1. it meets the General Eligibility Criteria, and it shall inform via its Registrar the Registry when it ceases to meet such conditions; 2. all information provided to the Registry during the Domain Name registration process is true, complete and accurate; 3. the request for Domain Name registration is made in good faith, for a lawful purpose and does not infringe the rights of any third party; 4. the Domain Name is not contrary to public policy or morality (e.g. is not obscene or offensive) and is not unlawful; 5. throughout the Term, it shall abide by these Terms and Conditions and any and all applicable Rules. SECTION 5. FEES AND PAYMENT 1. The applicable fees charged by the Registry to the Registrars for the registration, renewal, transfer and reactivation of Domain Names may be consulted on the Website of the Registry. 2. Payment of any fees due, for which the Registrant is solely liable, must be made with the Registry via a Registrar. The Registry is not responsible for any failure on the part of the Registrar in this respect, including where such failure results in non-registration or deletion of the Domain Name concerned. 3. The Registry shall only be obliged to accept an application or request for registering, renewing or transferring a Domain Name if the Registrar appointed by the Registrant is in credit. SECTION 6. TERM, RENEWAL AND EXTENSION OF THE TERM OF THE DOMAIN NAME REGISTRATION 1. The Term of any Domain Name registration shall commence and end on the dates set forth above in the definition of the Term. Unless otherwise provided for herein, the Term shall be tacitly renewed (at cost) for an additional period of one year subject to the provisions set forth in the definition of Term.


2. The Registrant shall be entitled to terminate the Domain Name registration in accordance with its agreement with its Registrar. Such termination shall only take effect if the Registry receives a deletion request via the Registrar before the end of the Term. If no such request is received, the Registry shall be entitled to claim the applicable renewal fee for the renewed Term in accordance with the procedure set out in Section 9 of the Registration Policy. 3. The Registry is under no obligation to inform the Registrant in advance when the Term is about to expire. 4. The Registry shall be entitled to immediately suspend or cancel the Domain Name when the Registrant is in breach of the Rules. SECTION 7. TRANSFER OF A DOMAIN NAME 1. Subject to Section 8 below, the Registrant has the right to transfer the Domain Name to a new Registrant and/or to another accredited Registrar in accordance with the procedure set forth in Section 10 of the Registration Policy, provided the following conditions are cumulatively met:

1) where the Domain Name is transferred to a new Registrant, such new Registrant has confirmed that it satisfies the General Eligibility Criteria; and 2) the Registrar is in credit for the payment of the applicable fees.

By following such procedure, the involved Registrars and Registrants acknowledge and warrant the validity of the transfer of the Domain Name. 2. A Domain Name that is blocked cannot be transferred other than by a decision taken by

a. a panel in an ADR Procedure; or b. a court of a Member State.

3. During the Term, a Domain Name can be transferred at any time to the legal heirs of the Registrant (further to the death of the Registrant) or to the purchaser of the Registrant’s assets (in case the Registrant becomes subject to a proceeding referred to in the Public Policy Rules) following submission of appropriate documentation and provided that the legal heirs or the purchaser fulfil the eligibility requirements as set out in Section 1 hereof. Such transfer shall occur in accordance with the procedure set out in Section 10 of the Registration Policy.

EURID Part 1


4. If the Registrar fails to provide the Registrant with the unique authorisation code in accordance with Section 10 of the Registration Policy, the Registrant may request the authorisation code directly from the Registry, provided that the Registrant can demonstrate it has undertaken all efforts to obtain the authorisation code from the Registrar and that the Registrar had not provided it. In such case, after receipt of the request from the Registrant and upon examination of the information received from the Registrant, the Registry may decide to grant the authorisation code directly to the Registrant. 5. In no event shall the Registry be liable for processing a transfer of a Domain Name. The (current and/or new) Registrar and the (current and/or new) Registrant shall be jointly, fully and solely liable for ensuring that each request for a transfer of a Domain Name is appropriately documented and filed by an authorised person. 6. For the avoidance of doubt, in case of a transfer in accordance with Section 10.3 of the Registration Policy, the Term of the Domain Name shall remain unchanged. SECTION 8. SUSPENDED, BLOCKED AND REVOKED DOMAIN NAMES; REGISTRY LOCK 1. The Registry shall suspend any Domain Name:

(i) for forty (40) days if and to the extent the Registry has received a deletion request from the Registrar as set forth in Section 6.2 hereof. The 40 days suspension period shall start on (a) the date mentioned in the deletion request or (b) the date on which the deletion request was made in case the date mentioned in the deletion request is prior to such date, or no date was mentioned in the deletion request. (ii) for which the Registry has requested the Registrant to replace its Registrar in accordance with Section 10.1 of the Registration Policy.

In the above cases, the Domain Name cannot be used. The Registry shall show the suspended status of those Domain Names in its WHOIS Database. 2. During the period of suspension referred to in paragraph 1(i) above

(i) the Registrant may request to reactivate or transfer the suspended Domain Name in accordance with Section 11 of the Registration Policy. The Registry shall only reactivate a suspended Domain Name referred to in paragraph 1(i) upon receipt by the Registry of a request by the Registrar appointed by the Registrant to re-activate the Domain Name


and if the Registrar is in credit for the payment of the applicable reactivation fees. (ii) the heirs of the Registrant (in the case of the death of the Registrant) or the relevant administrator (in case the Registrant becomes subject to a proceeding referred to in Article 19(2) of the Public Policy Rules) may request to register the suspended Domain Name in the name of the heirs of the Registrant or the purchaser of the Registrant’s assets, in accordance with the procedure laid down in the Registration Policy.

If, during the period of suspension referred to in paragraph 1(i) above, the Domain Name is not reactivated or registered by the heirs of the Registrant (in the case of the death of the Registrant) or by the relevant administrator (in case the Registrant becomes subject to a proceeding referred to in Article 19(2) of the Public Policy Rules), the Registry shall make the Domain Name automatically available for general registration immediately after 40 days of suspension. 3. The Registry shall block any Domain Name:

a. that is considered by a court of a Member State to be defamatory, racist or contrary to public policy upon notification of the court’s decision as referred to in Article 18 of the Public Policy Rules. Upon notification of a final court order, the Domain Name shall be revoked and blocked from future registration as long as the relevant court order remains valid. b. where the Registry is informed that an ADR Procedure or legal proceeding is pending, until such proceedings are terminated and the relevant decision has been notified to the Registry; in this case, (a) the Domain Name cannot be transferred to a new Registrant and/or to another accredited Registrar, and (b) the Registrant cannot change its contact information with respect to the blocked Domain Name. c. where it has notified the Registrant and/or the Registrar in accordance with Section 12.2 of the Registration Policy.

4. The Registry shall revoke any Domain Name following a decision to that effect of a panel in an ADR Procedure or court order. 5. The Registry may revoke the registration of a Domain Name on its own initiative and without submitting the dispute to any non-judicial settlement of conflicts, exclusively on the following grounds:

(i) outstanding unpaid debts owed to the Registry; or (ii) non-fulfilment by the Registrant of the General Eligibility Criteria; or

EURID Part 1


(iii) breach of the Rules by the Registrant

subject to compliance with the procedure laid down in Section 12 of the Registration Policy.

6. At any time, the Registrar may request the Registry to activate the Registry Lock service for a Domain Name. The Registry Lock service means the service provided by the Registry to protect the Domain Name against accidental changes, transfers or deletions by locking the Domain Name. During the time the Registry Lock service is active for a specific Domain Name, that Domain Name cannot be cancelled, updated or transferred to a new Registrant, nor to another Registrar. SECTION 9 . RIGHTS GRANTED 1. Upon registration of a Domain Name, the Registrant obtains a limited, transferable, renewable, exclusive right to use the Domain Name for the Term unless otherwise provided for in the Rules. No other rights can be claimed by the Registrant except for those included herein. 2. The Registrant shall not be entitled to exercise any right of withdrawal following receipt by the Registry of an application or request for registration of a Domain Name. SECTION 10. COMMUNICATION BETWEEN THE REGISTRY AND THE REGISTRANT 1. Any official communication between the Registry and the Registrant shall be effected by e-mail:

(i) if to the Registry: [email protected]; (ii) if to the Registrant: the contact e-mail address communicated to the Registry via the Registrar and made available in the WHOIS Database.

2. Any communication between the Registry and the Registrant shall be in one of the official languages of the European Union. SECTION 11. PRIVACY AND DATA PROTECTION 1. Processing of personal data By registering a Domain Name and accepting the Terms and Conditions, the Registrant authorises the Registry to process personal and other data required to operate the ".eu" Domain Name system. The Registry must


only use the data for operating the system (which will include attribution of the Domain Name, transfer of a Domain Name to a new Registrant, transfer of one Domain Name or a portfolio of Domain Names to a new Registrar) and can only transfer the data to third parties:

(i) after the unambiguous consent of the Registrant (ii) if ordered to do so by a public authority, carrying out its legitimate tasks, (iii) upon demand of the ADR Providers mentioned in Section 15 of this document or (iv) as provided in Section 11.3.2 of this document.

The Registrant has the right to access its personal data and to arrange for it to be amended where errors exist. 2. Information collected for internal use The following personal data will be collected for the internal use of the Registry (unless where also available through the WHOIS look-up facility provided for in Section 11.3.1:

(i) full name of the Registrant; (ii) technical contact name; (iii) postal address; (iv) e-mail address; (v) telephone number; (vi) fax number (optional); (vii) language for ADR proceedings, as referred to in Paragraph 3(a) of the .eu Dispute Resolution Rules.

3. WHOIS look-up facility 3.1. Information published in the WHOIS By going to the Website of the Registry and typing in the Domain Name in the WHOIS look-up facility, information about that Domain Name and the Registrant can be accessed in accordance with the rules set out below.

(i) When the Registrant is a legal person or another form of organisation

EURID Part 1


The Registry generally publishes the following information in its WHOIS:

a. name, address and telephone and fax number of the Registrant; b. technical contact person; c. e-mail address of Registrant; d. language for the ADR proceedings, as referred to in Paragraph 3(a) of the .eu Dispute Resolution Rules; e. technical data (such as status of the Domain Name or the name servers).

(ii) When the Registrant is a natural person Where the Registrant is a private individual (natural person) the Registrant contact information published is restricted to the email address unless the Registrant requests otherwise, and to the language selected for the ADR proceedings as referred to in Paragraph 3(a) of the .eu Dispute Resolution Rules. Natural persons who apply for a .eu Domain Name will be explicitly informed by their Registrars of the possibility to create and use a specific functional e-mail address for publication in the WHOIS as an alternative to the use of their personal e-mail address. All other information collected will only be kept for internal use and will not be disclosed to third parties unless in accordance with this section.

3.2 Disclosure of personal data Third parties may have legitimate reasons to request the disclosure of personal data of natural persons not published in the WHOIS, but processed by the Registry for its internal use in accordance with Section 1.2 of the WHOIS Policy. The third party must individually request the disclosure of these data by filing an application form made available on the Website of the Registry and:

(i) state and substantiate the legitimate reasons for the request; (ii) read and agree to a disclaimer which requires the third party not to use the information made available for other purposes than those justified by the abovementioned legitimate reasons;


(iii) disclose its full name and address (including e-mail address, telephone and fax number, and the company number if the third party is a legal person).

The third party asking for access to the data would only be granted access to the requested data if it fulfils all requirements or if the Registry is ordered by a judicial authority within the European Community to grant such access. SECTION 12. LIMITATION OF LIABILITY 1. The Registry shall not be liable for any loss, including direct or indirect loss, consequential loss and loss of profits, whether contractual, based on tort (including negligence) or otherwise arising, resulting from or related to registration or use of a Domain Name or to use of its software or Website of the Registry, even if it has been advised of the possibility of such loss, including but not limited to:

(i) registration or renewal of (or the failure to register or renew) a Domain Name in favour of a Registrant or a third party due to an error concerning their identity; (ii) termination of the Registry’s authority to register domain names in the .eu Top Level Domain; (iii) rights that third parties might claim to a Domain Name, (iv) technical problems or faults; (v) acts or omissions of a Registrar regarding the application or request for registration, registration or renewal of a Domain Name that may result in non-registration or deletion of such Domain Name; except in cases where the Registry’s wilful misconduct is proved.

In any case, the Registry’s liability for damages shall be limited to the amount of the registration fee that applies at the time the dispute is raised with the Registry. The Registrant agrees that no greater or other damages may be claimed from the Registry. 2. The Registrant shall be liable for any costs, expenses or damages incurred by the Registry for any breach of these Terms and Conditions by the Registrant. Furthermore, the Registrant shall hold the Registry harmless from claims filed or disputes initiated by third parties, and shall compensate the Registry for any costs or expenses incurred or damages it may suffer through third parties taking action against it on the grounds

EURID Part 1


that the application for, the registration or the use of the Domain Name by the Registrant infringe the rights of said third parties. 3. For the purposes of this Section, the term “Registry” shall also refer to its members, subcontractors and their respective directors and employees. SECTION 13. AMENDMENTS 1. These Terms and Conditions and the Registration Policy are subject to changes as described in this Section. 2. If the Registry decides to change these Terms and Conditions and/or the Registration Policy, it will make the new terms available to the public by posting them on the Website of the Registry at least thirty (30) days before the new terms are enforced (and upon their taking effect on the announced date, said new terms shall become the Terms and Conditions and/or the Registration Policy). Each Domain Name registration will be handled according to the Rules in effect on the date the application or request for a Domain Name registration is complete. 3. By way of exception to the provision set out in Section 13.2 hereof, the Registry may dispense with the aforementioned minimum period of thirty (30) days. Such modifications will take effect at the time they are announced on the Website of the Registry. The Registry may only make use of this specific procedure provided the relevant modifications seem to be justified within the relevant national or international technical context and provided they are intended to prevent Domain Name registrations of a speculative or abusive nature. 4. At no time will the Registry have any obligation to personally inform Registrants that these Terms and Conditions and/or the Registration Policy are to be or have been modified, even if their previously rejected application or applications for Domain Name registration would otherwise be allowed under the modified Terms and Conditions and/or the Registration Policy. SECTION 14. APPLICABLE LAW AND JURISDICTION These Terms and Conditions and any relation between the Registry and the Registrant hereunder are subject to Belgian law. In the event of any dispute, disagreement or claim between the Registry and the Registrant, the courts in Brussels (Belgium) shall have exclusive jurisdiction except for the cases referred to in Section 15 hereof.


SECTION 15. ALTERNATIVE DISPUTE RESOLUTION (“ADR”) 1. The Registrant accepts that ADR Procedures must be conducted before one of the providers listed at the Website of the Registry. 2. The Registrant must participate in ADR Procedures if a third party (a “Complainant”), in compliance with the .eu Dispute Resolution Rules, asserts to an ADR Provider and initiates a complaint against the Registrant on the basis of speculative or abusive registration, as referred to in Articles 21 and 22(1)(a) of the Public Policy Rules. Furthermore, the Registrant or a third party shall be entitled to initiate an ADR Procedure in accordance with the procedures laid down in the Rules if it is of the view that a decision taken by the Registry conflicts with the Regulations. 3. Unless otherwise agreed by the parties to an ADR Procedure or otherwise specified in the agreement between the Registrant and its Registrar, the language of the ADR Procedure shall be the language of that agreement. Any ADR Procedure initiated against the Registry shall be conducted in the English language. 4. All disputes covered by this section will be governed by the .eu Dispute Resolution Rules applicable upon filing of the complaint and the selected ADR Provider’s rules of procedure, as published on the Website of the Registry. 5. The remedies available to a Complainant under any proceedings before an arbitrator (or panel of arbitrators) appointed by an ADR Provider are strictly limited to:

(i) annulment of the challenged Registry decision, in case the ADR Procedure is initiated on the basis of Article 22(1)(b) of the Public Policy Rules; and

(ii) revocation or transfer of the Domain Name in case the ADR procedure is initiated on the basis of Article 22(1)(a) of the Public Policy Rules.


Part 2

Registration Policy

EURID Part 2


.eu Domain Name Registration Policy

v.5.0 TABLE OF CONTENTS Definitions Object and Scope Section 1. The registrant must determine whether it meets the General Eligibility Criteria Section 2. Choosing a Name – Availability and Technical Requirements Section 3. Selecting a Registrar Section 4. Reading the Rules Section 5. Providing Accurate and Complete Contact Information Section 6. Registering a Domain Name Section 7. WHOIS Database Section 8. Procedure for amending Contact Information Section 9. Procedure for the Renewal, Deletion or Extension of the term of a Domain Name Section 10. Procedure for Transfer Section 11. Suspension of Domain Names and Procedure for Reactivation Section 12. Procedure for the Revocation of Domain Names ANNEX 1 – Who


DEFINITIONS All terms used herein with a capital letter are defined in the Terms and Conditions and/or the .eu Dispute Resolution Rules available on http://www.eurid.eu. OBJECT AND SCOPE This Registration Policy sets out the technical and administrative procedures used by the Registry as regards the Domain Name registrations, or requests for such registrations including deletion, transfer, suspension, revocation etc of these Domain Names. The terms and conditions of this Registration Policy apply only to Domain Name registrations, or requests for such registrations, as referred to in Article 2, fourth paragraph, of the Public Policy Rules, i.e. Domain Names registered directly under the .eu” TLD. This Registration Policy does not apply to names registered at all lower levels over which the Registry has no authority as these levels are managed exclusively by the Registrant. SECTION 1. THE REGISTRANT MUST DETERMINE WHETHER IT MEETS THE GENERAL ELIGIBILITY CRITERIA In this first step the Registrant must verify whether it meets the General Eligibility Criteria, whereby it must be: (i) an undertaking having its registered office, central administration or principal place of business within the European Community, or

(ii) an organisation established within the European Community without prejudice to the application of national law, or

(iii) a natural person resident within the European Community. The countries and territories that are part of the European Community are listed in Annex 1 hereto. If the Registrant does not meet one of the above eligibility criteria, there is no entitlement to register a Domain Name under the .eu TLD.

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If the Registrant files a request for a Domain Name registration and is unable to meet, or no longer meets, the above conditions, the Registry is entitled to reject the request or to revoke the Domain Name concerned at any time in accordance with Sections 6.4 and 8.4 of the Terms and Conditions. SECTION 2. CHOOSING A NAME – AVAILABILITY AND TECHNICAL REQUIREMENTS The Registrant must, prior to filing a Domain Name registration request, verify whether the requested Domain Name meets the availability and technical requirements set forth in Section 2.2 of the Terms and Conditions. In this respect, the Registrant must take the following steps: (i) check whether the Domain Name requested meets the technical requirements set out in Section 2.2 (ii) of the Terms and Conditions;

(ii) check in the .eu WHOIS Database (available on the Website of the Registry) whether the Domain Name is available; Domain Names contained in the lists of blocked or suspended names (published on the Website of the Registry) are not (yet) available for Registration; and

(iii) check if there are applications pending for the Domain Name in the .eu Sunrise WHOIS Database available on the Website of the Registry. A Domain Name applied for during the Phased Registration Period shall not be available for general registration until the Registry has decided to make that Domain Name available according to the Sunrise Rules. SECTION 3. SELECTING A REGISTRAR Domain Names can only be registered and registrations may only be renewed with the Registry through a Registrar who acts on behalf of the Registrant. Therefore, in order to file a request for registration of a Domain Name, the Registrant should select a Registrar accredited by the Registry from the list available on the Website of the Registry. SECTION 4. READING THE RULES When filing a request to register a Domain Name, the Registrant enters into an agreement with the Registry, the terms and conditions of which are contained in the Rules. Thenceforth, the Registrant will be bound exclusively by these Rules, which may be subject to change at any time in accordance with the procedures laid down herein.


It is the Registrar’s responsibility to provide the Registrant with the applicable Rules prior to filing its request for Domain Name registration. The Terms and Conditions and all other Rules that currently apply are available on the Website of the Registry. Please note that the Registry is entitled to revoke a Domain Name at its own initiative in the event that the Registrant is in breach of the Rules. SECTION 5. PROVIDING ACCURATE AND COMPLETE CONTACT INFORMATION A request for registration of a Domain Name will only be considered complete when, through a Registrar, the Registrant provides the Registry with at least the following information: (i) the full name of the Registrant; where no name of a company or organisation is specified, the individual requesting registration of the Domain Name will be considered the Registrant; if the name of the company or the organisation is specified, then the company or organisation is considered the Registrant; (ii) address and country within the European Community

a. where the registered office, central administration or principal place of business of the undertaking of the Registrant is located or

b. where the organisation of the Registrant is established or

c. where the Registrant resides; (iii) e-mail address of the Registrant (or its representative);

(iv) the telephone number where the Registrant (or its representative) can be contacted;

(v) the requested Domain Name;

(vi) the language for the ADR proceedings, as referred to in Paragraph 3(a) of the .eu Dispute Resolution Rules, being the language of the registration agreement between Registrant and Registrar in accordance with article 22(4) of the Public Policy Rules. The Registrant is under an obligation to keep the above information complete and accurate at all times throughout the Term of registration (see Section 8 hereof concerning the amendment of contact information).

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The Registry is entitled to reject a request for Domain Name registration or to revoke a Domain Name for which the Registrant has provided incomplete or inaccurate information. The Registry is entitled to request further information from the Registrant (both directly or via the Registrant’s Registrar), for instance in the context of a Domain Name application made during the Phased Registration Period. The Registrant must undertake to supply a functioning email address in order to receive (see (iii) before) possible communications from the Registry and/or the ADR Provider. If the address provided to the Registry is not a functioning e-mail address, the Registry is entitled to cancel the request for Domain Name registration or even revoke the Domain Name in accordance with the procedure referred to in Section 12 hereof. The information must be that of the Registrant and must not be that of the Registrar, proxy or representative of a person or entity that does not meet the General Eligibility Criteria.

SECTION 6. REGISTERING A DOMAIN NAME Domain Names can only be applied for and registered with the Registry through a Registrar accredited by the Registry. It is likely that the Registrar will charge a fee for such service. It is not possible to file a request for Domain Name registration directly with the Registry. Provided the Registrant has supplied all the necessary information to the Registrar and fulfilled all and any other relevant obligations, it is the responsibility of the Registrar to enter such information directly into the systems of the Registry according to the technical procedures established by the Registry and provided to the Registrar. If the requested Domain Name is still available, the information is complete and the Registrar account is in credit, the Domain Name will be automatically registered for a (renewable) Term as described in and subject to the provisions set forth in the Terms and Conditions. Please note: it is not possible to correct a spelling mistake in the Domain Name itself: registering the correct Domain Name is the only solution to the aforementioned issue.


SECTION 7. WHOIS DATABASE 1. Introduction The Public Policy Rules require the Registry to provide a WHOIS look-up facility where, by typing in a .eu Domain Name, information about the administrative and the technical contact administering the Domain Name can be found. When a Domain Name is registered, the information relating to that Domain Name is available in a WHOIS database in compliance with the rules set out in the WHOIS Policy. The collected information includes Registrant contact information, the Registrar’s name and details of the name servers to which the Registry delegates authority for the Domain Name. By going to the Website of the Registry and typing in the Domain Name in the WHOIS look-up facility, information about that Domain Name and the Registrant can be accessed in accordance with the rules set out below. When registering a Domain Name, the Registrant is required to accept the Registry’s Terms and Conditions which authorises the Registry to make some personal data accessible on its website, along with some other technical data, in order to guarantee the transparency of the Domain Name system towards the public. 2. Purpose As set forth in the first paragraph of Article 16 of the Public Policy Rules, the purpose of the WHOIS database is to provide reasonably accurate and up to date information about the technical and administrative points of contact administering the Domain Names under the .eu TLD. 3. Preventing misuse of WHOIS data WHOIS data can be accessed through a purely textual command or by use of a web-based facility. The textual WHOIS look-up facility only contains technical information, which does not specifically relate to the Registrant. In order to prevent misuse of personal data available in the web-based WHOIS look-up facility the Registry may take appropriate measures, including but not limited to: (i) using a captcha code; (ii) rendering text as images;

(iii) limiting the fields shown;

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(iv) limiting search mechanisms; or

(v) enforcing access limits. All those who submit a query to the WHOIS database will first be required to read and agree to the ‘WHOIS legal statement and terms and conditions’ which will inform the user that: a. the WHOIS services are provided for information purposes only

b. by submitting a query the user agrees not to use the information to: 1. allow, enable or otherwise support the transmission of unsolicited, commercial advertising or other solicitations whether via email or otherwise;

2. target advertising in any possible way;

3. cause nuisance to the Registrant in any way by sending messages to them. To prevent “data mining” using the textual command method, the Registry may enforce look-up restrictions. 4. Internet Accessibility For the web-based facility there will be special accessibility provisions to make sure that visually impaired people have equal access to the WHOIS information. SECTION 8. PROCEDURE FOR AMENDING CONTACT INFORMATION If the contact information of the Registrant changes, the Registrant must ask the Registrar(s) to amend this information with the Registry within one (1) month following such change. It is not possible to file such a request directly with the Registry. SECTION 9. PROCEDURE FOR THE RENEWAL, DELETION OR EXTENSION OF THE TERM OF A DOMAIN NAME In principle and subject to the provisions set forth in the Terms and Conditions, the Term of a registered Domain Name is automatically renewed for consecutive one (1) year periods. The Registrant is entitled to cancel a Domain Name registration by filing a request with its Registrar; the Registrar is the only entity that may file a deletion request with the Registry. It is not possible for a Registrant to file a deletion request directly with the Registry.


The procedures used by Registrars for the renewal, deletion or extension of the Term of Domain Names may vary. Therefore, EURid recommends that the Registrant read carefully the terms and conditions established by the selected Registrar. In some cases, the Registrar will cancel, renew or extend the Term of a Domain Name if certain conditions are met. IMPORTANT REMARK If the Registrant does not intend to renew the Domain Name upon expiry of the Term, it is important that the Registrar is informed thereof in due time and always in accordance with the agreement between the Registrar and the Registrant. If the expiry date of the Domain Name registration passes, the Registry will automatically invoice the Registrar for a new one-year Term. In such a case, it is likely that the Registrar will charge this renewal fee to the Registrant. Every Registrar has its own invoicing terms and conditions. Some Registrars expect the Registrant to pay the invoice before their Domain Name expires, so that they know whether the registration should be renewed or not. Please note that the Registry will not intervene in any dispute between a Registrar and its customers. SECTION 10. PROCEDURE FOR TRANSFER 10.1 Transfer of a domain name to another accredited registrar Subject to Section 8 of the Terms and Conditions, the Registrant has the right to transfer the Domain Name to another Registrar in accordance with the procedure set forth below. Upon request from the Registrant to transfer the Domain Name to another accredited Registrar, the current Registrar shall request a unique authorisation code for such transfer from the Registry. Following the provision by the Registry of such authorisation code to the Registrar, the authorisation code will be provided subsequently (i) by the Registrar to the Registrant, (ii) by the Registrant to the new Registrar and (iii) by the new Registrar to the Registry via the appropriate transaction. The Registry shall execute the transfer after the receipt by the Registry of the authorisation code in accordance with (iii) above. By following the above procedure, the involved Registrars and Registrant acknowledge and warrant the validity of the transfer of the Domain Name to the new accredited Registrar.

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If the agreement between the Registry and the Registrar appointed by the Registrant is terminated and that Registrar has not transferred the Domain Name portfolio to another Registrar, the Registry will notify the Registrant thereof. The Registrant must select a new Registrar before the end of the Term. At the end of the Term, the Domain Name will be suspended. 10.2 Transfer of a domain name to a new registrant Subject to Section 8 of the Terms and Conditions, the Registrant has the right to transfer the Domain Name to another Registrant in accordance with the procedure set forth below. Upon request from the Registrant to transfer the Domain Name to a new Registrant, the current Registrar shall request a unique authorisation code for such transfer from the Registry. Following the provision by the Registry of such authorisation code to the Registrar, the authorisation code will be provided subsequently (i) by the Registrar to the transferring Registrant, (ii) by the transferring Registrant to the new Registrant, (iii) by the new Registrant to the (current or new) Registrar and (iv) by the (current or new) Registrar to the Registry via the appropriate transaction. The Registry shall execute the transfer after the receipt by the Registry of the authorisation code in accordance with (iv) above. By following this procedure, all involved Registrars and Registrants acknowledge and warrant the validity of the transfer of the Domain Name to the new Registrant. If, during the Term, the Registrant ceases to exist, becomes subject to insolvency proceedings, winding-up, cessation of trading, bankruptcy or the similar, the legal heirs or the legally appointed administrator may request the transfer of the Domain Name in accordance with Section 7 of the Terms and Conditions. 10.3 Update of information If a Registrant wishes to transfer the Domain Name to a new Registrant, and on the condition that the Registrar does not change pursuant to such transfer, the Registrar has the right (in addition to the procedure set out in Section 10.2 above) to update the Registrant's information of such Domain Name to that of the new Registrant. For the avoidance of doubt, no authorisation code shall be required for such update. By following this procedure, the involved Registrar and Registrants acknowledge and warrant the validity of the transfer of the Domain Name to the new Registrant.


SECTION 11. SUSPENSION OF DOMAIN NAMES AND PROCEDURE FOR REACTIVATION 1. If the Registry receives a deletion request from the Registrar according to Section 6.2 of the Terms and Conditions and Section 9 hereof, it will immediately suspend the Domain Name in question for a period of forty (40) calendar days following (i) the date mentioned in the deletion request or (ii) the date on which the deletion request was made in case the date mentioned in the deletion request is prior to such date or no date was mentioned in the deletion request. Within this forty-day period, (i) the Registrant may request its Registrar to reactivate the suspended Domain Name and the Registrar shall inform the Registry of such request. The reactivation of a Domain Name in principle does not change the registration date or the registration anniversary date, but adds another year to the Term, subject to the provisions set forth in the Terms and Conditions. (ii) the Registrant may request the transfer of the Domain Name (implicitly reactivating the Domain Name). Furthermore, during the aforementioned suspension period, the executor of the estate of the Registrant or the legal heirs (in the case of the death of the Registrant) or the legally appointed administrator (in the case of the winding-up of the Registrant) may, notwithstanding suspension of the Domain Name, apply to transfer the name via a Registrar at the time of submitting the appropriate documentation as referred to in Section 10. If no reactivation or transfer takes place as referred to above within the stated forty-day period or if the Registry does not receive the relevant fees, it shall make the Domain Name in question available for general registration. No reimbursement shall be made of fees paid for the initial Domain Name registration (or renewals thereof). 2. If the Registry suspends a Domain Name upon termination of the agreement between the Registry and the Registrar, the procedure provided for in Section 11.1 hereof shall apply. SECTION 12. PROCEDURE FOR THE REVOCATION OF DOMAIN NAMES 1. The Registry may revoke a Domain Name at its own discretion exclusively on the following grounds:

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(i) outstanding unpaid debts owed by the Registrar to the Registry;

(ii) the Registrant’s not or no longer fulfilling the General Eligibility Criteria provided under Article 4(2)(b) of the .eu Regulation;

(iii) breach of the Rules by the Registrant. 2. At least fourteen (14) days before revoking the Domain Name, the Registry shall notify by e-mail the Registrant and/or the Registrar through whom the Domain Name has been registered, affording the Registrant and/or the Registrar the opportunity to remedy, where possible, the aforementioned grounds for revocation. If the aforementioned grounds for revocation are not remedied within the timeframe referred to above, the Registry shall be entitled to revoke the Domain Name. 3. As of the moment the Registry has notified the Registrant and/or the Registrar in accordance with Section 12.2, it may suspend the concerned Domain Name(s). Domain Names that have been suspended in accordance with this Section 12.3 cannot be transferred nor re-activated.


ANNEX 1- WHO MAY REGISTER A .EU DOMAIN NAME? Note: Residency and NOT nationality is a criterion for the registration of .eu Domain Names.

Countries/territories forming part of the EU

Countries/territories NOT forming part of the EU

Austria

Belgium

Bulgaria Cyprus, Southern Greek part of (under the control of the Republic of Cyprus)

Northern Turkish part of Cyprus

Croatia

Czech Republic

Denmark Faroe Islands Greenland

Estonia Finland Åland Islands

France Guadaloupe French Guiana Martinique Réunion

French Polynesia Territory of the French Southern and Antarctic Lands Mayotte New Caledonia and Dependencies Saint Pierre and Miquelon Wallis and Futuna Islands

Germany

Greece

Hungary

Italy

Ireland

Latvia

Lithuania

Luxemburg

Malta

Poland

Portugal

The Azores

Madeira

Romania

Slovakia

Slovenia Spain Canary Islands Ceuta Melilla

Sweden

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The Netherlands

Aruba Netherlands Antilles: Bonaire Curaçao Saba Sint Eustatius Sint Maarten

United Kingdom Gibraltar

Anguilla Bermuda British Antarctic Territory British Indian Ocean territory British Virgin Islands Cayman Islands Falkland Islands (Islas Malvinas) Guernsey Isle of Man Jersey Montserrat Pitcairn Saint Helena, Ascension and Tristan da Cunha South Georgia and the South Sandwich Islands Turks and Caicos Islands

Andorra

Iceland

Liechtenstein

Monaco

Norway

San Marino

Switzerland

Turkey

Vatican City


IV. ARBITRATION CENTER (WWW.ADR.EU)


Part 1

ADR Rules

ADR Part 1


ADR.eu - .eu Alternative Dispute Resolution .eu Alternative Dispute Resolution Rules

(the "ADR Rules") A GENERAL 1 Definitions 2 Communications and Periods of Time 3 Language of Proceedings 4 Settlement or Other Grounds for Termination 5 Court Proceedings 6 Fees B CONDUCT OF THE PROCEEDINGS 1 The Complaint 2 Notification of Complaint 3 The Response 4 Appointment of the Panel and Timing of Decision 5 Impartiality and Independence 6 Transmission of the File to the Panel 7 General Powers of the Panel 8 Further Statements 9 In-Person Hearings 10 Default 11 Basis for Decision 12 Decision-Making and Form of Decisions


13 Communication of Decision to Parties 14 Implementation of Decision C CONCLUDING PROVISIONS 1 Exclusion of Liability 2 Amendments 3 Effective Date

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Alternative dispute resolution proceedings for the resolution of disputes under Paragraph 22(1)(a) and (b) of Commission Regulation (EC) No 874/2004 of 28 April 2004 laying down public policy rules concerning the implementation and functions of the .eu Top Level Domain and principles governing registration shall be governed by these ADR Rules and the Supplemental ADR Rules of the Provider administering the ADR Proceedings, as far as available and posted on its web site. The interpretation and application of these ADR Rules will be done in the light of the EU legal framework which will prevail in case of conflict. A GENERAL 1 Definitions In these ADR Rules: ADR means an alternative dispute resolution. ADR Proceeding is a proceeding initiated in accordance with the Procedural Rules. Complaint means the document including all annexes prepared by the Complainant to initiate a cause of action under the ADR Proceeding. Complainant means the Party initiating a Complaint concerning a .eu domain name registration or requesting to change the language of the ADR Proceeding. Date of Commencement of an ADR Proceeding means a date on which all the following conditions are fulfilled: (a) an administratively compliant Complaint has been properly filed with the Provider; and (b) the appropriate fee for the ADR Proceeding is paid. Domain Name Holder means a legal or natural person who holds an activated registration of a .eu domain name. European Union Regulations refer to Regulation (EC) No 733/2002 of the European Parliament and of the Council of 22 April 2002 on the

implementation of the .eu Top Level Domain1 and Commission

Regulation (EC) No 874/2004 of 28 April 2004 laying down public policy rules concerning the implementation and functions of the .eu Top Level

1 1 O.J L 113 of 30.04.2002, page 1.


Domain and principles governing registration2 and any further regulation

that would replace, amend or complete such rules and principles. Registry means the entity entrusted by the European Commission with the organization, administration and management of the .eu designated in accordance with the procedure established in Article 3 of Regulation (EC) No 733/2002. Mutual Jurisdiction means a court jurisdiction at the location of either (a) the principal office of the Registrar (provided the Respondent has submitted in its Registration Agreement to that jurisdiction for court adjudication of disputes concerning or arising from the use of the domain name, and provided that the court thus designated is located within the European Union) or (b) the Respondent's address as shown for the registration of the domain name in the Registry’s Whois database at the time the Complaint is submitted to the Provider or as received from the Registry by the Complainant if such information is not available in the Registry’s Whois database or (c) the principal office of the Registry in case of ADR Proceedings against

the Registry3.

Panel means an ADR panel appointed by a Provider to decide a Complaint concerning a .eu domain name registration. Panellist means an individual appointed by a Provider to be a member of a Panel. Party means a Complainant or a Respondent; Parties means both of them. Procedural Rules means these ADR Rules, Provider’s Supplemental ADR Rules and European Union Regulations. In case of conflict between any of these rules, the European Union Regulations take precedence. Provider means a dispute resolution service provider selected by the Registry. Registrar means an entity with which the Respondent has registered a domain name that is the subject of a Complaint. Registration Agreement means the agreement between a Registrar and a domain name holder.

2 2 O.J. L 162 of 30.04.2004, page 40.

3 3 O.J. L 12 of 16.01.2001, page 1

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Registration Policy means the .eu Domain Name Registration Policy issued by the Registry. Respondent means the holder of a .eu domain name registration (or the holder’s legal heirs or the Registry in case of an ADR Proceeding against the Registry) in respect of which a Complaint and/or a request to change the language of the ADR Proceeding is initiated. Response means the document including all annexes filed by the Respondent responding to the allegations set forth in the Complaint in accordance with these ADR Rules and the Supplemental ADR Rules. Sunrise Appeal Period means a 40 day period during which a Complaint against the Registry’s decision to register a domain name within the Sunrise period can be filed as specified in the Sunrise Rules. Sunrise Rules means the .eu Registration Policy and the Terms and Conditions for Domain Name Applications made during the Phased Registration Period issued by the Registry. Supplemental ADR Rules means the rules adopted by the Provider administering ADR Proceedings to supplement these ADR Rules. Terms and Conditions mean the .eu Domain Name Registration Terms and Conditions issued by the Registry. Time of Filing means a point in time when the following conditions are fulfilled: (a) a Complaint or a request to change the language of the ADR Proceeding has been properly filed with the Provider; and (b) the appropriate fee for the ADR Proceeding is received by the Provider. Working days mean all days falling between Monday and Friday other than those which are public holidays in the country or the state where the Provider or either of the Parties, as the case may be, is subject to an obligation to adhere to a period of time as specified under these ADR Rules.


2 Communications and Periods of Time (a) When forwarding a Complaint to the Respondent, it shall be the Provider's responsibility to employ reasonably available means calculated to achieve actual notice to the Respondent. (b) The Provider shall discharge its obligation to achieve actual notice by (i) sending the Complaint or a notice with information how to access the Complaint (e.g. for the purposes of an on-line platform operated by the Provider) to the Respondent employing the means stipulated in (c) below to the address which the Registry has communicated to the Provider for the registered domain name holder or to the Registry´s seat in case of a Complaint against the Registry's decision; and (ii) in case the Respondent does not confirm receiving the electronic communication made pursuant to (i) above within five (5) days from sending the communication, by forwarding the above mentioned notice with information how to access the Complaint by registered postal or courier service, postage pre-paid and return receipt requested, to the address(es) specified in (i) above. (c) Unless specified otherwise in these ADR Rules, any written communication to the Complainant, the Respondent or the Provider provided for under these ADR Rules, shall be made by the preferred means stated by the Complainant or Respondent, respectively, or in the absence of such specification:

(1) electronically via the Internet, provided a record of its transmission is available; or (2) by telecopy or facsimile transmission, with a confirmation of transmission; or (3) by registered postal or courier service, postage pre-paid and return receipt requested.

(d) Either Party may update its contact details by notifying the Provider and the Registry. (e) Except as otherwise provided in these ADR Rules, all communications provided for under these ADR Rules shall be deemed to have been received, in accordance with this provision:

(1) if via the Internet, on the date that the communication was transmitted, provided that the date of transmission is verifiable; or (2) if delivered by facsimile transmission, on the date shown on the confirmation of transmission; or

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(3) if by registered postal or courier service, on the date marked on the receipt, or, if it is not possible to deliver the communication in this way, on the expiry of twelve (12) days from the handing over of the communication to a postal or courier service provider.

(f) It shall be the responsibility of the sender to retain records of the fact and circumstances of delivery, which shall be available for inspection by the Provider and for reporting purposes. (g) A system log of data messages of the Provider shall be considered as valid records in the absence of any evidence of malfunction of the Provider’s system. (h) Except as otherwise provided in these ADR Rules, all time periods calculated under these ADR Rules begin on the earliest date that the communication is deemed to have been made in accordance with Paragraph A2(e). (i) At the request of a Party filed before the expiration of the relevant period(s) of time, the Provider and, after its appointment, the Panel, may – in its sole discretion - extend the periods of time laid down in these ADR Rules which are applicable to the Parties in exceptional circumstances or upon agreement by both Parties. The Provider and, after its appointment, the Panel, shall decide on any such limited period of extension. (j) No Party or anyone acting on its behalf may engage in any unilateral communication with the Panel. All communications between a Party, on the one hand, and the Panel or the Provider on the other shall be made to a case administrator appointed by the Provider by the means and in the manner prescribed in the Provider's Supplemental ADR Rules. (k) Any communication in an ADR Proceeding initiated by

(1) a Panel to a Party shall be made through the Provider;

(2) a Party shall be made through the Provider; (3) the Provider to any Party or by a Party on after the Date of Commencement of an ADR Proceeding shall be copied by the Provider to the other Party and the Panel.

(l) In the event a Party sending a communication receives notification of non-delivery of the communication, the Party shall promptly notify the Provider of the circumstances of the notification.


3 Language of Proceedings (a) The language of the ADR Proceedings must be one of the official EU languages. Unless otherwise agreed by the Parties, or specified otherwise in the Registration Agreement, the language of the ADR Proceeding shall be the language of the Registration Agreement for the disputed domain name. In the absence of an agreement between the Parties, the Panel may in its sole discretion, having regard to the circumstances of the ADR Proceeding, decide on the written request of a Complainant, filed before initiating a Complaint, that the language of the ADR Proceeding will be different than the language of the Registration Agreement for the disputed domain name. (b) The procedure related to the request of a change of the language of the ADR Proceeding shall be as follows:

(1) The request shall be submitted to the Provider and shall:

(i) specify the information under Paragraphs B1 (b)(2), (b)(3), (b)(5), (b)(6), and (b)(7) of the ADR Rules; (ii) specify the requested change of the language of ADR Proceeding; (iii) specify the circumstances that would justify such a change of the language of an ADR Proceeding; (iv) conclude with the statement under B1(b)(15) of the ADR Rules.

(2) The Provider will acknowledge receiving the request from the Complainant, subject to the receipt of the fees due hereunder, and, if applicable, shall notify the Registry of the Time of Filing in accordance with B1(e) of the ADR Rules, having the same consequences as under B1(e) of the ADR Rules. (3) The Provider shall notify the Respondent of the request to change the language of the AD Proceeding within five (5) days following receipt of the fees payable hereunder. (4) The Respondent shall have a right to submit a response to the Provider within twelve (12) days of the date of notification of the request to change the language of the ADR Proceeding. (5) The Provider will acknowledge receiving the response from the Respondent and will appoint a single Panel to decide the request. Paragraph B5 applies accordingly. (6) The Panel shall issue a decision whether or not to allow the requested change of the language of the ADR Proceeding within twelve

ADR Part 1


(12) days from the date of its appointment. The Panel’s decision shall be final and not subject to appeal. The decision shall be communicated to the Parties without delay. (7) In case the Complainant files the Complaint within thirty (30) Working days from receiving the decision under (b)(6) above, the Time of Filing of the request to change the language of the ADR Proceeding shall apply with respect to the Complaint, provided the appropriate fee is paid.

(c) All documents including communications made as part of the ADR Proceeding shall be made in the language of the ADR Proceeding or in different requested language if the Complainant proves in his submission that the Respondent has adequate knowledge of such different language. Notwithstanding anything mentioned above, the Panel may request the translation of any documents submitted in other languages than the language of the ADR Proceeding. The Panel may disregard documents submitted in other languages than the language of the ADR Proceeding without requesting their translation. Any communication by the Provider which, from its content, cannot be regarded as amounting to procedural documents (such as cover letters with which the Provider sends procedural documents or automatic system notifications generated by the Provider’s application) shall be made in the language of the ADR Proceeding or in English. (d) The Provider and, after its constitution, the Panel by itself or upon the request of a Party, may order that any documents submitted in languages other than the language of the ADR Proceeding be accompanied by a translation in whole or in part into the language of the ADR Proceeding. 4 Settlement or Other Grounds for Termination (a) The ADR Proceeding will be understood to be concluded once the Panel has received confirmation from both Parties that an agreement has been entered into by the Parties concerning the object of the dispute. (b) If the Parties wish to negotiate a settlement, the Complainant may request that the Provider or, after its constitution, the Panel suspend the ADR Proceeding for a limited period. The suspension period may be extended by the Panel upon the Complainant’s request. Any such suspension shall be without prejudice to the obligation of the Panel to forward its decision on the Complaint to the Provider within the time period specified in Paragraph B12(b) below. Resumption of the ADR Proceeding shall take place automatically upon receipt of a request thereto from either the Respondent or the Complainant or upon the expiration of such limited and specified time period.


(c) The Panel shall terminate the ADR Proceeding if it becomes aware that the dispute that is the subject of the Complaint has been finally decided by a court of competent jurisdiction or an alternative dispute resolution body. (d) The Panel shall suspend ADR Proceeding(s) pursuant to Paragraphs B1(f) , B2(e) and B3(d) below. 5 Court Proceedings The conduct of the ADR Proceeding shall not be prejudiced by any court proceeding, subject to Paragraph A4(c) above. 6 Fees (a) The Complainant shall pay to the Provider an initial fixed fee, in accordance with the Supplemental ADR Rules. Until the Provider has received this initial fee, it is not obliged to take any action on the Complaint. If the Provider has not received the fee within ten (10) days of the date of notification of unpaid fees, the Complaint shall be deemed withdrawn and the ADR Proceeding cancelled. (b) A Complainant initiating a request to change the language of the ADR Proceeding under Section A3 above or initiating a challenge to the withdrawal of Complaint due to its administrative deficiency under Paragraph B2(c) below shall pay to the Provider separate fees in accordance with the Supplemental ADR Rules. If the Provider has not received the fee within five (5) days of the date of notification of unpaid fees, the request shall be deemed as withdrawn. (c) A Respondent electing under Paragraph B3(b)(4) to have the dispute decided by a three-member Panel, rather than single-member Panel elected by the Complainant, shall pay the Provider an additional fee specified in the Supplemental ADR Rules. In all other cases, the Complainant shall bear all of the Provider's fees. (d) In exceptional circumstances, for example in the event an in-person hearing is held, the Provider shall request the Party or the Parties requesting such event respectively to pay additional fees, which, after its constitution, shall be established in consultation with the Panel before scheduling any such hearing. (e) Subject to Paragraph B1(f) below, the fees paid are not reimbursable.

ADR Part 1


B CONDUCT OF THE PROCEEDINGS 1 The Complaint (a) Any person or entity may initiate an ADR Proceeding by submitting a Complaint in accordance with the Procedural Rules to any Provider. A Complaint may be filed:

(1) against a Domain Name Holder in respect of which domain name the Complaint is initiated; or (2) against the Registry.

For the avoidance of doubt, until the domain name in respect of which the Complaint is initiated has been registered and activated, a party can initiate an ADR Proceeding only against the Registry. (b) The Complaint shall:

(1) Request that the Complaint be submitted for a decision in an ADR Proceeding in accordance with the Procedural Rules; (2) Provide the name, postal and e-mail addresses, and the telephone and fax numbers of the Complainant and of any representative authorized to act for the Complainant in the ADR Proceeding; (3) Specify a preferred method for communication directed to the Complainant in the ADR Proceeding (including the person to be contacted, means of communication, and address information); (4) Designate whether the Complainant elects to have the dispute decided by a single-member or a three-member Panel and, in the event the Complainant elects a three-member Panel, provide the names of three candidates to serve as one of the Panellists (these candidates may be drawn from the list of panellists of the Provider dealing with the proceedings); to the maximum extent practicable, such candidates should not have been involved in the past three (3) years in any prior ADR Proceeding where the Complainant was a Party; (5) Provide the name of the Respondent and, in case of an ADR Proceeding against a Domain Name Holder provide all information (including any postal and e-mail addresses and telephone and fax numbers) known to the Complainant on how to contact the Respondent or any representative of the Respondent, including contact information based on pre-Complaint dealings, in sufficient detail to allow the Provider to send the Complaint to the Respondent as described in Paragraph A2(a);


(6) Specify the domain name(s) that is/are the subject of the Complaint; (7) Identify the Registrar(s) with whom the domain name(s) is/are registered at the time the Complaint is filed (not applicable for Complaints filed against the decision(s) of the Registry before the registration of the disputed domain name); (8) In case the Complaint is filed against the decision(s) of the Registry, identify the disputed Registry decision(s) and whether or not the disputed decision deals with the registration of a domain name within the Sunrise Period. (9) Specify the names in respect of which a right is recognized or established by the national law of a Member State and/or Community law. For each such name, describe exactly the type of right(s) claimed, specify the law or law(s) as well as the conditions under which the right is recognized and/or established. (10) Describe, in accordance with these ADR Rules, the grounds on which the Complaint is made including, in particular,

(i) In case of an ADR Proceeding against the Domain Name Holder in respect of which domain name the Complaint is initiated:

A. why the domain name is identical or confusingly similar to the name or names in respect of which a right or rights are recognized or established by national and/or Community law (as specified and described in accordance with Paragraph B 1 (b) (9)); and, either B. why the domain name has been registered by its holder without rights or legitimate interests in respect of the domain name that is the subject of the Complaint; or C. why the domain name should be considered as having been registered or being used in bad faith.

(ii) In case of an ADR Proceeding against the Registry, the reasons why a decision taken by the Registry conflicts with European Union Regulations.

(11) Specify, in accordance with these ADR Rules, the remedies sought (see Paragraph B11 (b) and (c) below); (12) If the Complainant requests transfer of the domain name, provide evidence that the Complainant satisfies the general eligibility criteria for registration set out in Paragraph 4(2)(b) of Regulation (EC) No 733/2002;

ADR Part 1


(13) Identify any other legal proceedings that have been commenced or terminated in connection with or relating to any of the domain name(s) that is/are the subject of the Complaint; (14) State that the Complainant will submit, with respect to any challenges to a decision in the ADR Proceeding revoking or transferring the domain name, to the jurisdiction of the courts in at least one specified Mutual Jurisdiction in accordance with Paragraph A1; (15) Conclude with the following statement followed by the signature of the Complainant or its authorized representative; in case of electronic filing the signature must comply with requirements of the Provider’s on-line platform: "Complainant warrants that all information provided hereunder is complete and accurate. Complainant agrees with the processing of his personal data by the Provider to the extent necessary for the due performance of the Provider’s responsibilities hereunder. Complainant also agrees with the publication of the full decision (including personal details contained in the decision) issued in the ADR Proceeding initiated by this Complaint in the language of the ADR Proceeding and in an unofficial English translation secured by the Provider. Complainant further agrees that its claims and remedies concerning the registration of the domain name, the dispute, or the dispute's resolution shall be solely against the domain name holder and hereby waives any and all claims and remedies against

(i) the Provider, as well as its directors, officers, employees, advisors and agents, except in the case of deliberate wrongdoing; (ii) Panellists, except in the case of deliberate wrongdoing; (iii) the Registrar, except in the case of deliberate wrongdoing; and (iv) the Registry, as well as its directors, officers, employees, advisors, and agents, except in the case of deliberate wrongdoing;"

(16) Annex any documentary or other evidence, including any evidence concerning the rights upon which the Complaint relies, together with a schedule indexing such evidence. (17) Include any forms prescribed in the Supplemental ADR Rules and comply with any formal requirements contained in the Supplemental ADR Rules, including any word limit.


(c) The Complaint may relate to more than one domain name, provided that the Parties and the language of the ADR Proceedings are the same. (d) The Provider will acknowledge receiving the Complaint from the Complainant, subject to the receipt of the fees due above. (e) As soon as practicable after the Time of Filing, but in any event not later than five (5) days from the date of Time of Filing and before notifying the Respondent pursuant to Article B2 below, the Provider shall inform the Registry of the identity of the Complainant and the domain name(s) involved. Upon receiving information from the Provider, the Registry shall block the disputed domain name pursuant to eu Domain Name Registration Terms and Conditions. (f) Any ADR Proceeding(s) against a Domain Name Holder with a later Time of Filing with respect to the same domain name(s) shall be suspended pending the outcome of the ADR Proceeding initiated by the Complaint with the earliest Time of Filing. If in such ADR Proceeding the Panel decides to grant the Complainant the remedies requested, all suspended ADR Proceedings will be terminated and any fees paid shall be reimbursed. If in the ADR Proceeding the Panel rejects the Complaint, the Provider shall activate the Complaint next in time to the Time of Filing. The Provider shall notify the respective Complainant(s) of the termination, activation, or continued suspension of their Complaint(s) in writing within five (5) days from the date the Panel decision related to the prior Complaint is issued. (g) In case an ADR Proceeding is initiated against the Registry with a later Time of Filing than another ADR Proceeding against the Registry with respect to the same decision taken by the Registry, the ADR Proceeding against the Registry with a later Time of Filing shall be terminated and any fees paid shall be reimbursed. (h) Nothing mentioned in Paragraph 15, (i) to (iv) above, prevents the Complainant from initiating an ADR Proceeding against the Registry where a decision taken by the Registry conflicts with European Union Regulations. (i) In case of an ADR Proceeding against the Registry, any request of a Complainant for documents or other information related to the Registry decision challenged in the ADR Proceeding must be made directly to the Registry in accordance with the Registration Policy. 2 Notification of Complaint (a) The Provider shall review the Complaint for administrative compliance with the Procedural Rules and with Regulation (EC) No 733/2002 and, if in compliance, shall forward the Complaint (together with the explanatory

ADR Part 1


cover sheet prescribed by the Provider's Supplemental ADR Rules) to the Respondent, in the manner prescribed by Paragraphs A2(a) and A2(b), within five (5) Working days following receipt of the fees to be paid by the Complainant in accordance with Paragraph A6. (b) If the Provider finds the Complaint not to be in administrative compliance with the Procedural Rules, it shall promptly notify the Complainant of the nature of the deficiencies identified. If the deficiencies are capable of being corrected, the Complainant shall have seven (7) days within which to correct any such deficiencies and submit an amended Complaint, after which, if not corrected, the Provider shall inform the Complainant that the ADR Proceeding is deemed to be withdrawn due to administrative deficiency and without prejudice to submission of a different Complaint by the Complainant. (c) A Complainant can challenge the withdrawal of its Complaint due to administrative deficiency pursuant to Paragraph B2(b) above. The procedure related to such a challenge shall be as follows:

(1) The request shall be submitted to the Provider within 5 days from receiving the information about the withdrawal and shall:

(i) specify the information under Paragraphs B1 (b)(2), B1 (b)(6) and B1 (b)(8) (if applicable) of the ADR Rules; (ii) specify the requested cancellation of the withdrawal of the Complaint due to administrative deficiency; (iii) specify the reasons of the requested cancellation; (iv) conclude with the statement under B1(b)(15) of the ADR Rules.

(2) The Provider will acknowledge receiving the request from the Complainant, subject to the receipt of the fees due pursuant to Paragraph A6(a) above and will appoint a single Panel to decide the request. Paragraph B5 applies accordingly. (3) The Panel shall issue a decision whether or not to allow the requested challenge within twelve (12) days from the date of its appointment. The Panel’s decision shall be final and not subject to appeal. The decision shall be communicated to the Complainant without delay.

(d) The Provider shall immediately notify the Complainant, the Respondent, and the Registry of the Date of Commencement of an ADR Proceeding.


(e) The Provider shall suspend the ADR Proceeding until the procedures specified in Paragraphs B2(b) and B2(c) above are completed. 3 The Response (a) Within thirty (30) Working days of the date of delivery of the Complaint in accordance with Paragraph A2(b), the Respondent shall submit a Response to the Provider. (b) The Response shall:

(1) Provide the name, postal and e-mail addresses, and the telephone and fax numbers of the Respondent and of any representative authorized to act for the Respondent in the ADR Proceeding; (2) Specify a preferred method for communication directed to the Respondent in the ADR Proceeding (including person to be contacted, medium, and address information); (3) If the Complainant has elected a single-member Panel in the Complaint (see Paragraph B1(b)(3)), state whether the Respondent elects instead to have the dispute decided by a three-member Panel; (4) If either Complainant or Respondent elects a three-member Panel, provide the names and contact details of three candidates to serve as one of the Panellists (these candidates may be drawn from any Provider's list of panellists; to the maximum extent practicable, such candidates should not have been involved in the past three (3) years in any prior ADR Proceeding where the Respondent was a Party; (5) Identify any other legal proceedings that have been commenced or terminated in connection with or relating to any of the domain name(s) that is/are the subject of the Complaint; (6) Describe, in accordance with these ADR Rules, the grounds on which the Response is made. (7) Conclude with the following statement followed by the signature of the Respondent or its authorized representative; in case of electronic filing the signature must comply with requirements of the Provider’s on-line platform: "Respondent warrants that all information provided hereunder is complete and accurate. Respondent agrees with the processing of his personal data by the Provider to the extent necessary for the due performance of the Provider’s responsibilities hereunder.

ADR Part 1


Respondent also agrees with the publication of the full decision (including personal data contained in the decision) issued in this ADR Proceeding in the language of the ADR Proceeding and in an unofficial English translation secured by the Provider. Respondent hereby waives any and all claims and remedies related to the current ADR Proceeding against

(i) the Provider as well as its directors, officers, employees, advisors and agents, except in the case of deliberate wrongdoing; (ii) Panellists, except in the case of deliberate wrongdoing, (iii) the Registrar, except in the case of deliberate wrongdoing and (iv) the Registry, as well as its directors, officers, employees, and agents, except in the case of deliberate wrongdoing."

(8) Attach any documentary or other evidence, including any evidence concerning the rights upon which the Respondent relies, together with a schedule indexing such evidence. (9) Include any forms prescribed in the Supplemental ADR Rules and comply with any formal requirements contained in the Supplemental ADR Rules, including any word limit.

(c) If the Complainant has elected to have the dispute decided by a single-member Panel and the Respondent elects a three-member Panel, the Respondent shall be required to pay a fee in accordance with Paragraph A6(b). This payment shall be made together with the submission of the Response to the Provider. In the event that the required payment is not made, the dispute shall be decided by a single-member Panel. (d) The Provider shall confirm receipt of the Response to the Respondent. If the Provider finds the Response not to be in administrative compliance with the Procedural Rules, it shall promptly notify the Respondent of the nature of the deficiencies identified. If the deficiencies are capable of being remedied, the Respondent shall have seven (7) days within which to correct any such deficiencies and submit an amended Response, after which the Response shall be deemed not submitted by the Respondent. The Provider shall suspend the ADR Proceeding until either of the two actions happens first: (i) it receives the amended Response or (ii) the time period mentioned in this Paragraph expires. (e) The Provider shall forward the administratively compliant Response to the Complainant without delay.


(f) If a Respondent does not submit a Response or submits solely an administratively deficient Response, the Provider shall notify the Parties of Respondent’s default. The Provider shall send to the Panel for its information and to the Complainant the administratively deficient Response submitted by the Respondent. (g) The Respondent can challenge the Provider’s notification of the Respondent’s default in a written submission to the Provider filed within five (5) days from receiving the notification of Respondent’s default. The Provider shall acknowledge receiving the Respondent’s challenge and shall forward the Respondent’s challenge to the Panel within three (3) days from its receipt. The Respondent’s challenge shall be considered by the Panel in its sole discretion as part of its decision making. If the Panel confirms that the Response is administratively deficient, the Panel may decide the dispute based upon the Complaint only. (h) Nothing mentioned in Paragraph 7, (i) to (iv) above, prevents the Respondent from initiating an ADR Proceeding against a decision taken by the Registry which conflicts with European Union Regulations. 4 Appointment of the Panel and Timing of Decision (a) The panellists shall be selected in accordance to the internal procedures of the Providers. They shall have appropriate expertise and shall be selected in an objective, transparent and non-discriminatory manner. Each Provider shall maintain and publish a publicly available list of panellists and their qualifications. (b) If neither the Complainant nor the Respondent has elected a three-member Panel (Paragraphs B1(b)(3) and B3(b)(4)), the Provider shall appoint a single Panellist from its list of panellists. (c) Unless it has already elected a three-member Panel, the Complainant shall submit to the Provider, within five (5) days of communication of a Response in which the Respondent elects a three-member Panel, the names and contact details of three candidates to serve as one of the Panellists. These candidates may be drawn from any Provider's list of panellists; to the maximum extent practicable, such candidates should not have been involved in the last three (3) years in any prior ADR Proceeding where the Complainant was a Party. (d) In the event that either the Complainant or the Respondent elects a three-member Panel, the Provider shall appoint one Panellist from the list of candidates submitted by the Complainant, one Panellist from the list of candidates submitted by the Respondent, and one Panellist from its list of panellists. If either Party does not duly submit its list of candidates, the Provider shall appoint an additional Panellist from its list of Panellists.

ADR Part 1


(e) Once the entire Panel is appointed, the Provider shall notify the Parties of the identity of the Panellists appointed and the date by which, absent exceptional circumstances, the Panel shall forward its decision on the Complaint to the Provider. 5 Impartiality and Independence (a) The Panellists shall have no personal or economic interests in the results of the dispute, and they undertake to resolve the dispute under the principles of good faith, fairness and due diligence. The Panellists shall maintain the confidential character of the information disclosed to them during the ADR Proceedings. (b) A Panellist shall be impartial and independent and shall have, before accepting appointment, disclosed to the Provider any circumstances giving rise to justifiable doubt as to the Panellist’s impartiality or independence. If, at any stage during the ADR Proceeding, new circumstances arise that could give rise to justifiable doubt as to the impartiality or independence of a Panellist, that Panellist shall promptly disclose such circumstances to the Provider. In such event, the Provider shall have the sole discretion to appoint a substitute Panellist. (c) Apart from the above, the Parties can also challenge the appointment of a Panellist. The Party that challenges a Panellist should explain to the Provider his reasons for the challenge. The challenge shall be filed within two (2) days from receiving the notice of the subject Panellist’s appointment, or after having become aware of the circumstances giving rise to justifiable doubt in regard to the impartiality or independence of the Panellist. (d) When a Panellist has been challenged by one Party, the other Party and/or the challenged Panellist will be entitled to submit a response. This right will be exercised within two (2) days after receiving the communication to which the previous Paragraph refers. (e) The Provider will decide on the challenge, and its decision will be final and not subject to appeal. 6 Transmission of the File to the Panel The Provider shall forward the file to the Panel as soon as the Panellist is appointed in the case of a Panel consisting of a single member, or as soon as the last Panellist is appointed in the case of a three-member Panel.


7 General Powers of the Panel (a) The Panel shall conduct the ADR Proceeding in such manner as it considers appropriate in accordance with the Procedural Rules. The Panel is not obliged, but is permitted in its sole discretion, to conduct its own investigations on the circumstances of the case. (b) In all cases, the Panel shall ensure that the Parties are treated fairly and with equality. (c) The Panel shall ensure that the ADR Proceeding takes place with due expedition. (d) The Panel shall determine in its sole discretion the admissibility, relevance, materiality and weight of the evidence. 8 Further Statements In addition to the Complaint and the Response, the Panel may request or admit, in its sole discretion, further statements or documents from either of the Parties. 9 In-Person Hearings There shall be no in-person hearings (including hearings by teleconference, videoconference, and web conference). The decision will be handled based on documents or other types of written evidence unless the Panel determines, in its sole discretion and as a matter of exceptional circumstances, that such a hearing is necessary for rendering a decision on the Complaint. 10 Default (a) In the event that a Party does not comply with any of the time periods established by these ADR Rules or the Panel, the Panel shall proceed to a decision on the Complaint and may consider this failure to comply as grounds to accept the claims of the other Party. (b) Unless provided differently in these ADR Rules, if a Party does not comply with any provision of, or requirement under, these ADR Rules, the Supplemental ADR Rules or any request from the Panel, the Panel shall draw such inferences therefrom as it considers appropriate. 11 Basis for Decision (a) A Panel shall decide a Complaint on the basis of the statements and documents submitted and in accordance with the Procedural Rules.

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(b) The remedies available pursuant to an ADR Proceeding where the Respondent is the Domain Name Holder in respect of which domain name the Complaint was initiated shall be limited to the revocation of the disputed domain name(s) or, if the Complainant satisfies the general eligibility criteria for registration set out in Paragraph 4(2)(b) of Regulation (EC) No 733/2002, the transfer of the disputed domain name(s) to the Complainant. (c) The main remedy available pursuant to an ADR Proceeding where the Respondent is the Registry shall be the annulment of the disputed decision taken by the Registry. The Panel may decide in appropriate cases pursuant to the Procedural Rules, Registration Policy, Sunrise Rules and/or the Terms and Conditions that the domain name in question shall be transferred, revoked or attributed. However, with regard to any Registry decision relating to a prior right invoked during the phased registration period such measures of transfer and attribution will only be granted by the Panel if the Complainant is the next applicant in the queue for the domain name concerned and subject to the decision by the Registry that the Complainant satisfies all registration criteria set out in the European Union Regulations and to the subsequent activation by the Registry of the domain name in the name of the Complainant who is the next applicant in the queue. (d) The Panel shall issue a decision granting the remedies requested under the Procedural Rules in the event that the Complainant proves

(1) in ADR Proceedings where the Respondent is the holder of a .eu domain name registration in respect of which the Complaint was initiated that

(i) The domain name is identical or confusingly similar to a name in respect of which a right is recognized or established by the national law of a Member State and/or Community law and; either (ii) The domain name has been registered by the Respondent without rights or legitimate interest in the name; or (iii) The domain name has been registered or is being used in bad faith.

(2) in ADR Proceedings where the Respondent is the Registry that the decision taken by the Registry conflicts with the European Union Regulations.

(e) Any of the following circumstances, in particular but without limitation, if found by the Panel to be proved based on its evaluation of all evidence presented, shall demonstrate the Respondent’s rights or legitimate interests to the domain name for purposes of Paragraph B11(d)(1)(ii):


(1) prior to any notice of the dispute, the Respondent has used the domain name or a name corresponding to the domain name in connection with the offering of goods or services or has made demonstrable preparation to do so; (2) the Respondent, being an undertaking, organization or natural person, has been commonly known by the domain name, even in the absence of a right recognized or established by national and/or Community law; (3) the Respondent is making a legitimate and non-commercial or fair use of the domain name, without intent to mislead consumers or harm the reputation of a name in which a right is recognized or established by national law and/or Community law.

(f) For purposes of Paragraph B11(d)(1)(iii), the following circumstances, in particular but without limitation, if found by the Panel to be present, may be evidence of the registration or use of a domain name in bad faith:

(1) circumstances indicating that the domain name was registered or acquired primarily for the purpose of selling, renting, or otherwise transferring the domain name to the holder of a name, in respect of which a right is recognized or established by national and/or Community law, or to a public body; or (2) the domain name has been registered in order to prevent the holder of such a name in respect of which a right is recognized or established by national and/or Community law, or a public body, from reflecting this name in a corresponding domain name, provided that:

(i) the Respondent has engaged in a pattern of such conduct; or (ii) the domain name has not been used in a relevant way for at least two years from the date of registration; or (iii) there are circumstances where, at the time the ADR Proceeding was initiated, the Respondent has declared its intention to use the domain name, in respect of which a right is recognized or established by national and/or Community law or which corresponds to the name of a public body, in a relevant way but failed to do so within six months of the day on which the ADR Proceeding was initiated;

(3) the domain name was registered primarily for the purpose of disrupting the professional activities of a competitor; or (4) the domain name was intentionally used to attract Internet users, for commercial gain to the Respondent’s website or other on-line location, by creating a likelihood of confusion with a name on which a right is recognized or established, by national and/or Community law, or it is a

ADR Part 1


name of a public body, such likelihood arising as to the source, sponsorship, affiliation or endorsement of the website or location or of a product or service on the website or location of the Respondent; or (5) the domain name is a personal name for which no demonstrable link exists between the Respondent and the domain name registered.

12 Decision-Making and Form of Decisions (a) The decisions of the Panellists will be final, not subject to appeal, and compulsory for the Parties, without detriment to the right of the Parties to initiate a court proceeding in a Mutual Jurisdiction which will have consequences to the implementation of the decision as described in the Terms and Conditions. (b) The Panel shall forward its decision on the Complaint to the Provider within one month of the Provider’s receipt of administratively compliant Response or the lapse of the time period for its submission. (c) In the case of a three-member Panel, the Panel's decision shall be made by simple majority. (d) The Panel's decision shall be in writing, provide the reasons on which it is based, indicate the date on which it was rendered and identify the name(s) of the Panellist(s). If the Panel decides that the disputed domain name be revoked or transferred to the Complainant, it shall state that the decision shall be implemented by the Registry within thirty (30) days after the notification of the decision to the Parties, unless the Respondent initiates court proceedings in a Mutual Jurisdiction (see Paragraphs B12(a) and B14). (e) Panel decisions shall comply with formal requirements set forth in the Provider's Supplemental ADR Rules. (f) If the Panel concludes that the dispute is not within the scope of the Regulation (EC) No 874/2004, it shall so state. (g) If the Complainant has

(1) proved that the domain name is identical or confusingly similar to a name in respect of which a right is recognized or established by a Member State’s national law and/or Community law or to a name of a public body; and (2) failed to prove the Respondent’s lack of rights and legitimate interests, as specified in Paragraph B11(d)(1)(ii) of these ADR Rules; and


(3) relied on Paragraph B11(f)(2)(iii) of these ADR Rules to prove bad faith; and (4) failed to prove bad faith on any other grounds;

the Panel shall issue an interim decision setting out its findings on issues (1) to (4) above and shall suspend the proceedings until a date six months after the Time of Filing. In such an event (and should the Respondent not submit evidence of relevant use by the postponed date and the Complainant prove the remaining elements required by Paragraph B11(f)(2)(iii)), the Panel shall decide whether or not to grant to the Complainant the requested remedy. Under all other circumstances, the Panel shall proceed to a decision without reference to Paragraph B11(f)(2)(iii). All evidence submitted by the Respondent must be accompanied by a declaration of completeness and accuracy and be given to the Complainant. The Complainant shall have a right to submit a response to the Respondent’s evidence within fifteen (15) days from receiving the evidence. (h) If after considering the submissions the Panel finds that the Complaint was initiated in bad faith, the Panel shall declare in its decision that the Complaint was brought in bad faith and constitutes an abuse of administrative proceeding. (i) Each Panel decision shall contain a brief summary in English in accordance with guidelines prepared by the Provider. 13 Communication of Decision to Parties (a) Within three (3) Working days after receiving the final decision from the Panel, the Provider shall communicate the full text of the decision to each Party, the concerned Registrar(s) and to the Registry. (b) The Provider shall publish the full decision on a publicly accessible web site. 14 Implementation of Decision The implementation of the decision shall follow the Terms and Conditions.

ADR Part 1


C CONCLUDING PROVISIONS 1 Exclusion of Liability Except in the case of deliberate wrongdoing, neither the Provider nor a Panellist shall be liable to a Party for any act or omission in connection with any ADR Proceeding under these ADR Rules. 2 Amendments The version of these ADR Rules in effect at the time of the submission of the Complaint to the Provider shall apply to the ADR Proceeding commenced thereby. The Provider may amend these ADR Rules at any time after receiving the prior written approval of the Registry. 3 Effective Date These ADR Rules apply to all Complaints filed on or after 1 February 2010. Arbitration Court attached to the Czech Chamber of Commerce and Agricultural Chamber of the Czech Republic Dlouhá 13, 110 00 Prague 1, Czech Republic Tel: +420 222 333 350 Fax: +420 222 333 341 E-mail: [email protected] www: www.adr.eu © 2005 Czech Arbitration Court, All rights reserved.


Part 2

ADR Supplemental Rules

ADR Part 2


ADR.eu - .eu Alternative Dispute Resolution Supplemental ADR Rules of the Arbitration

Court attached to the Czech Chamber of Commerce and the Agricultural Chamber of the

Czech Republic A GENERAL 1 Scope 2 Definitions 3 Fees and Payment Instructions 4 Communication Instructions 5 Time Periods B CONDUCT OF THE PROCEEDINGS 1 Submission of Complaint 2 Appointment of Case Administrator 3 Submission of Response 4 Panellist Appointment Procedures 5 Declaration 6 Forms 7 In-Person Hearings 8 Panel Decision 9 Correction of Clerical Mistakes 10 Publication of the Decision 11 Word Limits C CONCLUDING PROVISIONS 1 Amendments 2 Effective date 3 List of Annexes ANNEX A: FEE SCHEDULE ANNEX B: LIST OF FORMS ANNEX B: LIST OF FORMS ANNEX C: COMMUNICATION INSTRUCTIONS


A GENERAL 1 Scope (a) Relationship to ADR Rules and EU legislation. These Supplemental ADR Rules are to be read and used in connection with the .eu Dispute Resolution Rules, adopted by the Registry (the "ADR Rules") and with the Regulations (EC) No 733/2002 and No 874/2004 and with any other applicable EU legislation. These supplemental rules may not derogate from either the ADR Rules or the European Union Regulations. (b) Version of Supplemental Rules. The version of these Supplemental ADR Rules in effect on the date of the submission of the Complaint shall apply to the administrative proceeding commenced thereby. 2 Definitions Provider means the Arbitration Court attached to the Czech Chamber of Commerce and the Agricultural Chamber of the Czech Republic. Any other term defined in the ADR Rules shall have the same meaning when used in these Supplemental ADR Rules. 3 Fees and Payment Instructions The fees applicable for administrative procedures and obligatory payment instructions are specified in Annex A hereto and posted on the Provider’s website. The Provider may grant discounts on the applicable fees in justified cases. The conditions for obtaining discounts shall be published on the Provider’s website. 4 Communication Instructions The Parties shall be required to adhere to communication instructions contained in Annex C hereto. 5 Time Periods The expiration of any given time period occurs at midnight (24.00) of the final day of that respective time period. When the last day of a deadline prescribed by the ADR Rules and/or ADR Supplemental Rules is not a Working Day, the time period shall be extended automatically to include the next Working Day following the last day of the deadline.”

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B CONDUCT OF THE PROCEEDINGS 1 Submission of Complaint (a) The Complaint must include all elements listed in Paragraph B1(b) of the ADR Rules. (b) Complaint Form. In accordance with Paragraph B1(b)(17) of the ADR Rules, the Complainant shall be required to prepare its Complaint using the Complaint Form included in the list of Forms contained in Annex B hereto and posted on the Provider’s web site. (c) Number of Copies. When a hard-copy submission is to be made to the Provider by a Party, it shall be submitted in three (3) copies together with one (1) original of such submission. 2 Appointment of Case Administrator (a) Notification. The Provider shall advise the Parties of the name and contact details of a member of its staff who shall be the Case Administrator and who shall be responsible for all administrative matters relating to the dispute and communications to the ADR Panel. (b) Responsibilities. The Case Administrator may provide administrative assistance to the Panel or Panellist(s), but shall have no authority to decide matters of a substantive nature concerning the dispute. 3 Submission of Response (a) The Response must include all elements listed in Paragraph B3(b) of the ADR Rules. (b) Response Form. In accordance with Paragraph B3(b)(9) of the ADR Rules, the Respondent shall be required to prepare its Response using the Response Form included in the list of Forms contained in Annex B hereto and posted on the Provider’s web site. 4 Panellist Appointment Procedures (a) Party Candidates. Where a Party is required to submit the names of three (3) candidates for consideration for appointment by the Provider as a Panellist (i.e., in accordance with paragraphs B1(b)(4), B3(b)(4) and B4(c) of the ADR Rules), that Party shall provide the names and contact details of its three candidates in the order of its preference. In appointing a Panellist, the Provider shall, subject to availability, respect the order of preference indicated by a Party.


(b) Presiding Panellist. The Panellist appointed in accordance with Paragraph B4(d) of the ADR Rules from the Provider’s list of Panellists shall be the Presiding Panellist, coordinating the Panel. (c) Respondent Default. Where the Respondent does not submit a Response or does not submit the payment provided for in Paragraph B3(c) of the ADR Rules by the deadline specified by the Provider, the Provider shall proceed to appoint the Panel. 5 Declaration In accordance with Paragraph B5 of the ADR Rules, prior to appointment as a Panellist, a candidate shall be required to submit to the Provider a Declaration of Independence and Impartiality using the form included in the list of Forms contained in Annex B hereto and posted on the Provider’s web site. 6 Forms In addition to the Form Complaint in relation to the Complaint (Section B1(b) above) and Form Response in relation to the Response (Section B3(b) above) the Parties shall be required to use for their other communication during the ADR Proceeding form documents set out in Annex B hereto and posted on the Provider’s web site. 7 In-Person Hearings In case the Panel determines, in its sole discretion, that an in-person hearing is necessary, the hearing will be carried out by teleconference, videoconference, or web conference at the CHAT address of the Provider if both Parties agree with the use of such technology; otherwise, the hearing will be carried out in-person at the location specified by the Panel. The Panel will give the Parties seven (7) days notice that the aforementioned hearing will be held, including the date, time and electronic place or physical location where it will take place. 8 Panel Decision The Panel decision will meet the requirements set forth in Article B13 of the ADR Rules and will comply with all formal requirements contained in these Supplemental ADR Rules, with the exception of the limit of number of pages pursuant to Paragraph 11 below where the Panel will exercise its discretion. A model decision is included in the list of Forms contained in Annex B hereto and posted in the Provider’s website.

ADR Part 2


9 Correction of Clerical Mistakes Within seven (7) days of receiving the decision, a Party may, by written notice to the Panel and the other Party, request the Panel to correct in the decision any errors in computation, any clerical or typographical errors, or any errors of a similar nature. Any such corrections shall be given in writing to the Parties and shall become a part of the decision. The Panel may correct any errors on its own initiative of the type referred to in the preceding Paragraph within seven (7) days of the date of the decision being rendered. 10 Publication of the Decision The Provider shall inform the Parties, the Registry and the concerned Registrar(s) of the Panel’s decision. The concerned Registrar(s) shall be informed of the Panel’s decision through its publication. The Provider shall publish the full decision on his website, listing at least the following: (a) The Domain Name which is in dispute and is the subject of a Complaint; (b) The case number; (c) The Complainant and the Respondent. The decision shall be published in the language of the ADR Proceeding. With respect to ADR Proceedings which are not conducted in English, the Provider shall also publish accompanying unofficial English translations of selected ADR decisions. 11 Word Limits Panellists shall exercise reasonable efforts to adhere the following guidelines as to length of the decisions: (a) The word limit under Paragraph B1(b)(10) of the ADR Rules shall be 5,000 words. (b) The word limit under Paragraph B3(b)(6) of the ADR Rules shall be 5,000 words. (c) The word limit under Paragraph B12(e) of the ADR Rules shall be 5,000 words.


C CONCLUDING PROVISIONS 1 Amendments Subject to the ADR Rules, the Provider may amend these Supplemental ADR Rules in its sole discretion. 2 Effective date These Supplemental ADR Rules apply to all cases filed on or after 1 February 2010. 3 List of Annexes Annex A: Fee Schedule; Annex B: List of Forms; Annex C: Communication Instructions


ANNEX A: FEE SCHEDULE Fees of the Czech Arbitration Court (CAC) for .eu related disputes

Number of Domain Names

involved in the Complaint

Fee for Panellists CAC's Administrative

Fee Total Fees

Single Panellist

Three Panellists

Single Panellist

Three Panellists

Single Panellist

Three Panellists

1 to 5 domain names

900 Presiding Panellist: 1 200 Each Co-Panellist: 600

400 700 1 300 3 100

6 to 10 domain names

1 100 Presiding Panellist: 1 500 Each Co-Panellist: 800

500 900 1 600 4 000


1 300 Presiding Panellist: 1 800 Each Co-Panellist: 900

600 1 100 1 900 4 700


1 500 Presiding Panellist: 2 100 Each Co-Panellist: 1 050

700 1 300 2 200 5 500


1 700 Presiding Panellist: 2 400 Each Co-Panellist: 1 200

800 1 500 2 500 6 300


1900 Presiding Panellist: 2 700 Each Co-Panellist: 1 350

900 1 700 2 800 7 100

51 domain names or more

To be decided in consultation with CAC

Request to change language

250 250 500

Challenge of withdrawal of Complaint due to administrative deficiency

250 250 500

The Czech Arbitration Court will grant a substantial discount on ADR Fees for ADR Proceedings which have been terminated early. Specifically, when a Complaint is withdrawn in accordance with Paragraph B2 (b) of the ADR Rules or an ADR Proceeding is terminated before the Panel has been appointed, the CAC will withhold a processing fee equal to the CAC’s share of the total ADR Fees and return the remainder of the ADR Fees to the respective Parties. The Czech Arbitration Court will return the ADR Fees applicable for filing a challenge to the CAC’s decision to terminate an ADR Proceeding due to administrative deficiencies, if the Panel decides in favour of the Complainant.


Explanatory Notes: (a) All the fees mentioned above are in EUR including VAT on Panellist’s fees. The Czech Arbitration Court is not VAT registered. (b) Fees for multiple domain names are applicable only for ADR Proceedings in which the same Complainant and the same Respondent are involved as the Parties and if the same language of ADR Proceeding is applicable for all the disputed domain names. (c) CAC’s Administrative Fee for disputes (a) – (f) above is comprised of (i) a fee to cover administrative costs of the ADR Center; and (ii) a fee to cover additional costs related to the obligation to administer ADR Proceedings in all the official languages of the EU. (d) All the fees are payable before respective filings by bank transfer to the following account of the Czech Arbitration Court: IBAN CZ11 2700 0000 0035 9413 0024; S.W.I.F.T. code: BACX CZ PP; UniCredit Bank Czech Republic, a.s., Želetavská 1525/1, 140 92 Praha 4 – Michle; variant symbol: [Case Number]

ADR Part 2


ANNEX B: LIST OF FORMS

No Form Note

A

A1 Complaint

A2 Notification of Fees unpaid

A3 Termination due to Fees unpaid

A3_1 Request for EURid Verification

A3_2 Administrative Compliance Checklist - Complaint

A4 Acknowledgement of Receipt of Complaint

A5 Complaint suspension-termination

A6 Notification of Deficiencies in Complaint

A7 Amended Complaint Same as A1

A8 Termination due to defective Complaint

A9 Notification of Complaint and Commencement of ADR Proceeding

A9_a Notification of Complaint and Commencement of ADR Proceeding

A10 Response

A11 Acknowledgement of Receipt of Response

A11_1 Administrative Compliance Checklist - Response

A12 Notification of Deficiencies in Response

A13 Amended Response - refer to A10

A14 Notification of Respondent’s Default

A15 Challenge of a Notification of Respondent's Default


A16 Acknowledgement of Receipt of the Challenge of Notification of Respondent's default

A17 Notification of Complainant to choose Candidates for Panellists

A18 Selection of Panel Candidates by Complainant

A19 Selection of Panellist + Statement of Acceptance and Declaration of Impartiality and Independence

A20 Notification of Appointment of Panel and Projected Decision Date

A21 Challenge of a Panellist

A21_1 Acknowledgement of Receipt of Panellist challenge + Notification of Challenge to the other Party and Panellist

A22 Response to Challenge of a Panellist

A23 Decision regarding Challenge of a Panellist

A24 Transmittal of Case File to ADR Panel

A25 Interim Decision

A26 Respondent's additional evidence

A26_1 Acknowledgement of Receipt of Additional Evidence

A27 Response of Complainant to Additional evidence

A28 Decision same as A25

A29 Announcement of Activation of Suspended Complaints

A30 Notification of Continued suspension

A31 Notification of Termination of suspended Complaint

A32 Account Information

A33 Request to extend Periods of Time

A34 Notification about Request to extend Periods of Time to the other Party

A35 Decision on Request to extend Periods of Time

ADR Part 2


A36 Request to negotiate a Settlement

A37 Decision on Suspension due to Settlement negotiations

A38 Request to activate ADR Proceeding

A39 Announcement of Activation of ADR Proceedings

A40 Non standard communication

No Form Note

B

B1 Request to Change the Language of ADR

B2 Notification of Fees Unpaid.doc

B3 Notification of Termination due to Non-payment

B4 Acknowledgement of Receipt of Request

B4_1 Request for EURid verification

B5 Notification of Request and Commencement of Language trial

B6 Response to Request

B7 Acknowledgement of Receipt of the Response

B8 Selection of Panellist + Statement of Acceptance and Declaration of Impartiality and Independence

Same as A19

B9 Notification of Appointment Panel and Projected Decision Date

Same as A20

B10 Challenge of a Panellist Same as A21

B10_1 Acknowledgement of Receipt of Panellist challenge + Notification of Challenge to the other Party and Panellist

Same as A21_1

B11 Response to Challenge of a Panellist Same as A22

B12 Decision regarding Challenge of a Panellist Same as A23

B13 Transmittal of Case File to ADR Panel Same as A24


B14 Decision related to the requested language trial

No Form Note

C

C1 Challenge of Complaint Termination due to admin. defic.

C2 Notification of Fees Unpaid

C3 Notification of termination due to Non-payment

C4 Acknowledgement of Receipt of Challenge of withdrawal

C4_1 Request for EURid verification Same as A3_1

C5 Statement of Acceptance and Declaration of Impartiality and Independence+ Selection of Panellist

Same as A19

C6 Notification of Appointment Panel and Projected Decision Date

Same as A20

C7 Challenge of a Panel Same as A21

C7_1 Acknowledgement of Receipt of Panellist challenge + Notification of Challenge to the other Party and Panellist

Same as A21_1

C8 Response to Challenge of a Panellist Same as A22

C9 Transmittal of Case File to the Panel Same as A24

C10 Decision regarding Challenge of a Panellist Same as A23

C11 Decision on administrative withdrawal

ADR Part 2


ANNEX C: COMMUNICATION INSTRUCTIONS Unless specified otherwise in the ADR Rules and/or the Supplemental Rules, any written communication within the ADR Proceedings shall be made by the preferred means stated by the Complainant or Respondent, respectively. If such preferred or prescribed form of communication is electronic form, or in the absence of such specification, any written communication must be realized via our secured on-line platform accessible on the Provider’s website. Should the preferred or prescribed form of communication be through registered mail or courier service (or telecopy or fax), all written communication must be in duplicate with one copy sent via the on-line platform. In this case, the electronic communication must also be printed and mailed or faxed to the address of the Arbitration Court attached to the Czech Chamber of Commerce and the Agricultural Chamber of the Czech Republic. In order to communicate via our on-line platform, you need to open and/or obtain your user account and receive a unique login. For these purposes, please see our Overview/Help information.


V. Overview of CAC Panel views on several questions of the alternative dispute resolution

for .eu domain name disputes, Czech Arbitration Court, in collaboration with PROF. DR. THOMAS HOEREN, Ass. jur. Matthias Försterling, LL.M. /

Mgr. Tereza Bartošková, August 30, 2012


Czech Arbitration Court

Overview of CAC panel views on several questions of the alternative dispute resolution

for .eu domain name disputes

Czech Arbitration Court

Dlouha 13, Prague 1, Czech Republic

www.adr.eu

In collaboration with

Institute for Information-, Telecommunication- and Media Law

Leonardo-Campus 9 48149 Münster

Prof. Dr. Thomas Hoeren / Ass. jur. Matthias Försterling, LL.M. / Mgr. Tereza Bartošková

www.uni-muenster.de/Jura.itm/hoeren/

(Supported by Darja Bäßler, Janina Brandes, Martin Gruszczyk, Erik Hohl, Petr Hostaš, Bastian

Kaumanns, Daniel Schembecker, Jan Smolka, Lennart Sydow)

30 August 2012

CAC Overview


Introduction This guide was created to expose several views of the CAC panels concerning common questions that arise in the alternative dispute resolution proceedings for .eu domain disputes according to ADR rules, ADR supplemental rules and EC Regulation 874/2004. It should give the parties involved in an ADR proceeding the informal guideline to identify consensus views and minority opinions among the CAC panels concerning frequently rising questions. This overview is intended primarily as an aid and guide. It doesn´t make a claim to capture all kinds of important questions of the ADR proceedings. Moreover it has to be understood that the ADR proceedings are strongly influenced by many different legal order systems and many different legal opinions. Facing this background the guidelines purpose is to give the parties a first assistance to find their own argumentation concerning .eu domain disputes. Therefore, contents of the manual are issues according to the procedure of the ADR, the relevant rights of the complainants, the legitimate rights and interests of respondents, identity or confusing similarity of domain name registrations and bad faith registrations.


Relevant rules Regulation (EC) No. 733/2002 of the European Parliament and of the Council of 22 April 2002 on the implementation of the .eu Top Level Domain Regulation (EC) No. 874/2004 of 28 April 2004 laying down public policy rules concerning the implementation and functions of the .eu Top Level Domain and principles governing registration (hereinafter referred to as PPR) Amendments to Regulation (EC) No. 874/2004: Regulation (EC) No 1654/2005 Regulation (EC) No 1255/2007 Regulation (EC) No 560/2009 Procedural Rules: ADR Rules ADR Supplemental Rules

CAC Overview


Terms used Consensus view: describes view that all or almost all panels who mentioned the issue in a decision agreed on. Majority view: describes view that more than half panels who mentioned the issue in a decision agreed on. Minority view: describes view that less than half panels who mentioned the issue in a decision agreed on; minority view may accompany either consensus or majority view; if it accompanies consensus view it constitutes an exceptional view; if it accompanies majority view it constitutes a view which is neither exceptional nor majority. Views 1-x: used if there are several views none of which preponderates upon others significantly. Majority approach: refers to a description of a practise where no view as such can be tracked; used mainly in cases where the rules give the panel a discretion to proceed in a way it considers appropriate. NOTE: Where it was not able to formulate a view due to low number of relevant decisions it is stated so.


Table of contents I. Procedural questions 1. To what extent is national law relevant to legitimate rights or interests and bad faith? 2. What is the role of precedent in ADR-proceedings? 3. Can re-filed cases be accepted and if so, under what circumstances? 4. Can single complaints deal with several domain names? 5. Can proceedings be suspended for settlement purposes? 6. What is the relationship between CAC proceedings and court proceedings? 7. Can registrars be liable as registrants? 8. Do panels have authority to decide cases based on the respondent’s consent to transfer the domain name? 9. Can panels render formal decisions mirroring settlements entered into by the parties? 10. What is the proper language of proceedings? 11. What are the proper grounds for changing the language in a language trial procedure? 12. Can supplemental filings be accepted? 13. Can complaints be filed by co-complainants? 14. Can panels award costs? 15. Can panels conduct independent investigations? 16. Are panels bound by decisions of national trade mark registries? 17. On which party rests the burden of proof regarding a lack of legitimate rights or interests and bad faith? 18. What is the standard of proof? 19. Can documents submitted in language other than the language of proceedings be accepted? 20. Can complaints be accepted based on the respondent’s failure to supply a response? 21. Can panels accept belated responses? 22. Do non-EU-entities have standing in ADR .eu proceedings? 23. Are complainants required to have rights in the domain name in order to launch ADR .eu proceedings? 22 24. Under which circumstances do complaints constitute an abuse of ADR proceeding? 25. Does a duty to inform respondents prior to launching proceedings exist? 26. Do panels have authority to transfer domain names to third parties?

CAC Overview


II. Relevant rights of the complainant 1. Can a complainant have a relevant right from a registered trademark? 2. Can a complainant have a relevant right from a pending trademark application? 3. Can a complainant have a relevant right from an expired trademark/service mark? 4. Can a complainant have a relevant right from a figurative trademark/service mark? 5. Can a complainant have a relevant right from a trademark or service mark if it is registered only after the domain registration? 6. Can a complainant have a relevant right from an unregistered trademark? 7. Can a complainant have a relevant right from ownership of other domains? 8. Can a complainant have a relevant right from a company name? 9. Can a complainant have a relevant right from a family name? 10. Can a complainant have relevant rights in a name of a public body? 11. Can a complainant have relevant rights in a geographical term? 12. Can a trademark licensee holder have rights in a trademark for the purpose of filing a case? 13. Can a non-EU trademark holder successfully file a case? 14. Can the respondent successfully contest relevance of a right of the complainant if the complainant did not apply for domain name registration during the Sunrise period? 15. Special issues relating to distinctive titles of protected literary and artistic works? III. Identity or confusing similarity 1. What is the test for identity or confusing similarity, and can the content of a website be relevant in determining this? 2. Is a domain name consisting of a name in respect of which a right is recognized or established by national and/or Community law and a negative term confusingly similar to that name? (“sucks cases”) 3. Is a domain name consisting of a name in respect of which a right is recognized or established by national and/or Community law and a generic, descriptive or geographical term confusingly similar to that name? 4. Is a domain name which contains a common or obvious misspelling of a name in respect of which a right is recognized or established by national and/or Community law (“typo squatting”) confusingly similar to that name? 5. Can a domain name be found identical or confusingly similar to a figurative or combined trademark?


IV. Legitimate rights and interests of the respondent 1. Does a respondent automatically have rights or legitimate interests in a domain name comprised of dictionary word(s)? 2. Can a reseller of trademarked goods or services have rights or legitimate interests in a domain name which contains such trademark? 3. Does a respondent’s trademark corresponding to a disputed domain name automatically generate rights or legitimate interests, especially in circumstances where it was obviously applied for in order to register the domain name? 4. Is the complainant required to prove that the respondent lacks rights or legitimate interests in the disputed domain name? 5. To what extent is the national/community law relevant to a panel assessment of rights and legitimate interests and/or bad faith? 6. Does failure of a respondent to respond to the complaint (respondent’s default) automatically result in the complainant being granted the requested remedy? 7. Can a criticism site generate rights or legitimate interests in the disputed domain name? 8. Can a fan site generate rights or legitimate interests in the disputed domain name? 9. Do parking and landing pages or pay-per-click links generate rights or legitimate interests in the disputed domain name? 10. Does so called "direct navigation" generate rights or legitimate interests in the disputed domain name? V. Bad faith 1. Which actions have to be done in bad faith? The registration or the use of the domain name, or even both? 2. Can bad faith in registering the domain name be found if the domain name was registered or used before trademark was registered or before unregistered trademark rights were acquired? 3. Can there be use in bad faith when the domain name is not actively used (passive holding)? 4. Can constructive notice, or a finding that a respondent “knew or should have known” about a trademark, or wilful blindness, form a basis for finding bad faith? 5. Can statements made in settlement discussions be relevant to showing bad faith? 6. Does an offer to sell a domain constitute bad faith? 7. Is there a need to show bad faith if there is no legitimate interest? 8. Are there other indications of bad faith besides those listed in Art. 21 (3) of the PPR?

CAC Overview


I. Procedural questions 1. To what extent is national law relevant to legitimate rights or interests and bad faith? The role of national law is fairly limited in determining whether a respondent has a legitimate right or interest in a domain name. Those limitations likewise affect determinations of whether a respondent has registered or used a domain name in bad faith. Consensus View: National law is relevant to the existence of prior rights, according to Article 21 paragraph 1 of the PPR. This has been confirmed by several ADR decisions.

Relevant Decisions:

City Inn Limited v. World Online Endeavours Limited, CAC 3396, <citycafe.eu>, Denial VINOS LTD v. Ovidio Limited, CAC 3896, <vinos.eu>, Denial FGSPORT S.r.l. v. Zheng Qingying, CAC 3885, <worldsbk.eu>, Transfer VIVARTIA-INDUSTRIAL & COMMERCIAL COMPANY OF FOOD PRODUCTS & CATERING SERVICES v. Anastasios Karkazis, CAC 4099, <vivartia.eu>, Transfer Schindhelm & Pfisterer Attorney at Law v. Wolf-Dieter Ihle, CAC 4227, <ihle.eu>, Denial

Consensus View: Not surprisingly, there have been decisions addressing the relevance of national law with respect to legitimate rights or interests, for instance the protection of family names by German law has been found to be a legitimate right. Similarly, national law can be relevant in relation to the protection of company or trade names and trademarks.

Relevant Decisions:

Boltze Gruppe GmbH v. Birgit Boltze, CAC 5231, <boltze.eu>, Transfer 1&1 Internet AG v. Christian Dahmen, CAC 453, <web.eu>, Denial DDR Museum Berlin GmbH v. Zheng Qingying, CAC 5094, <ddr-museum.eu>, Transfer

However, there have not been any decisions by panels in ADR-proceedings addressing national law connected to the issue of bad faith. 2. What is the role of precedent in ADR-proceedings? Consensus View: There is no provision in the PPR, or in the ADR Rules allowing the conclusion that panels are bound by the doctrine of stare decisis. Previous ADR .eu cases are persuasive authority. Panels have departed from such decisions in several instances. However, they tend to give more detailed reasons when departing from previous panel decisions. Regarding the issue of precedent, there is no difference


between proceedings under Article 22 (1) a) and proceedings under Article 22 (1) b) of the PPR, as the same provisions are applicable.

Relevant Decisions:

Société Air France v. Lexicon Media, Ltd., CAC 4141, <airfrancesucks.eu> inter alia, Transfer French Connexion v. EURid, CAC 174, <domaine.eu>, Annulled Ultrasun International B.V. v. EURid, CAC 541, <ultrasun.eu>, Rejected carrentals.co.uk v. EURid, CAC 3034, <carrentals.eu>, Annulled Axel Arnulf Pfennigv. Online Shopping Limited, CAC 3257, <shopping.eu>, Rejected Schaeffler KG v. Cervos Enterprises Ltd, CAC 3557, <fag.eu>, Transfer Société Air France v. Lexicon Media Ltd., CAC 4141, <airfrancesucks> inter alia, Transfer My Home Limited v. MyHome S.A., CAC 4560, <myhome.eu>, Rejected SHB Innovative Fondskonzepte AG v. Markus Jank, CAC 4700, <shb.eu>, Transfer Korn/Ferry International Corporation v. Aphrodite Ventures, Limited, CAC 4843, <kornferry.eu>, Revocation Brand Scout GmbH v. Georg Gottfried, CAC 4863, <babywell.eu>, Transfer

The same is true as to previous decisions under the UDRP. However, one must bear in mind that the UDRP Rules differ from the rules governing ADR .eu proceedings. Therefore, such decisions can provide only limited guidance.

Relevant Decisions:

Stockholms Stad. v. Traffic Web Holding BV, CAC 386, <stockholm.eu>, Rejected Emirates v. Stichting Roos Beheer, CAC 5405, <emirates.eu>, Revocation

However, a minority of panels have expressly refused to even discuss precedent.

Relevant Decisions:

HORMEL FOODS CORPORATION v. Markus Koettl, Internetportal und Marketing GmbH, CAC 568, <spam.eu>, Transfer Labrada Bodybuilding Nutrition, Inc. v. Timo Kemerink, CAC 4396, <labrada.eu>, Rejected Avery Dennison Corporation; Avery Dennison U.K. Ltd., Sapphire v. Dotasterisk Ltd., CAC 5126, <averygraphics.eu>, Transfer

3. Can re-filed cases be accepted and if so, under what circumstances? The question is expressly regulated neither in the PPR nor in the ADR Rules. However, in Paragraph B 12 (a) of the ADR Rules it is stated that decisions of panellists are final and not subject to appeal. Only few decisions have dealt with the issue.

CAC Overview


Consensus View: When the facts are identical, panels must deny to hear the case based on Paragraph B 12 (a) of the ADR Rules.

Relevant Decisions:

Traffic Web Holding v. EURid, CAC 2291, <barcelona.eu> inter alia, Rejected Multam BV v. EURid, CAC 2257, <live.eu>, Rejected Multam BV v. EURid, CAC 2990, <live.eu>, Rejected

In a case where the facts had changed since the original decision, the panel allowed the complainant to restart the proceeding.

Relevant Decision:

Axel Arnulf Pfennig v. Online Shopping Limited, CAC 3257, <shopping.eu>, Rejected

Re-filed cases have generally been accepted, when the initial complaint had failed because the complainant had lacked standing and in the second proceeding, the complainant was a different person or entity.

Relevant Decisions:

Prada S.A. v. Maurizio Lussetti, CAC 4316, <prada.eu>, Transfer Ferriera Valsabbia SpA. v. Lexicon Media, Ltd., CAC 5250, <ferriera-valsabbia.eu>, Transfer

4. Can single complaints deal with several domain names? Consensus View: According to Paragraph B 1 (c) of the ADR Rules, one complaint can relate to more than one domain name, provided that the language of the proceedings and the parties are the same. Decisions in proceedings under Article 22 (1) b) PPR can also be considered as guidance regarding this aspect, as they are governed by the same rules.

Relevant Decisions:

Handys Ltd v. EURid, CAC 1566, <airlinetickets.eu> inter alia, Rejected White & Case LLP v. Tomáš Nagy, CAC 1683B, <whitecase.eu> inter alia, Rejected ThinkTank EDV-Consulting GmbH v. EURid, CAC 1996, <thinktank.eu> inter alia, Rejected European Pallet Association, EPAL v. EURid, CAC 2586, <epal.eu>, Rejected Agora SA v. EURid, CAC 2633, <automot.eu> inter alia, Rejected International NC I B.V v. Ovidio Ltd, CAC 3748, <endothil.eu> inter alia, Transfer

5. Can proceedings be suspended for settlement purposes? Consensus View: Yes. According to Paragraph A 4 (b) of the ADR Rules, the complainant can submit such a request to the provider, or, after the constitution of the panel, to the panel itself.


Relevant Decision:

Suomen Osuuskauppojen Keskuskunta v. Minerva GmbH Consulting, CAC 1036, <abc.eu>, Settled

6. What is the relationship between CAC proceedings and court proceedings? According to Article 22 (13) of the PPR, a panel decision becomes binding, unless court proceedings are initiated within 30 calendar days of the notification of the decision. Consensus View: An ADR .eu proceeding shall not be prejudiced by any court proceeding according to Paragraph A 5 of the ADR Rules, unless the matter has been finally decided by a court of competent jurisdiction (Paragraph A 4 (c)). As long as court proceedings are pending, panels can proceed to a decision. This is also the case if a previous court decision did not deal with a transfer of the domain name. This could be an injunction requiring the respondent not to use the domain name in connection to the selling of certain goods, for example.

Relevant Decisions:

Christian Marolt v. Traffic Web Holding BV, CAC 1505, <hospital.eu>, Rejected UNIBAIL HOLDING SA v. Ovidio Limited, CAC 2123, <unibail.eu>, Transfer Germanwings GmbH v. Vassilios Xefteris, CAC 2888, <germanwings.eu>, Transfer Vortex v. British Sky Broadcasting Ltd, CAC 3495, <skyblog.eu>, Rejected JACK WOLFSKIN Ausrüstung für Draussen GmbH & Co. KGaA v. THD Concept, CAC 5235, <jackwolfskin.eu>, Transfer

7. Can registrars be liable as registrants? In some WIPO cases, panels have held that a registrar could only be liable as a registrant if the registrar was in fact the same person or entity as the registrant. However, such a case has not been decided by a CAC panel yet.

Relevant Decisions:

General Electric Company v. Marketing Total S.A., WIPO Case No. D2007-1834, <gegeneralelectric.com> inter alia, Transfer Pernod Ricard v. Tucows.com Co, WIPO Case No. D2008-0789, <ricard.com>, Transfer

8. Do panels have authority to decide cases based on the respondent’s consent to transfer the domain name? This issue is not expressly regulated. Hence, it is not surprising that a consensus view has not yet developed.

CAC Overview


Majority View: The domain name is transferred based on the respondent’s consent, unless the complainant does not fulfil the registration criteria.

Relevant Decisions:

International NC I B.V v. Ovidio Ltd, CAC 3748, <endothil.eu> inter alia, Transfer HYDAC Technology GmbH v. Ovidio Ltd, CAC 4000, <hydac.eu>, Transfer MENNO Chemie-Vertrieb GmbH v. EWABO Chemikalien GmbH Co. KG, CAC 4252, <neopredisan.eu>, Transfer Josef Bano v. Bernadette Selim Abou Zakhm, CAC 4678, <bano.eu>, Transfer Günter Krauter v. Webportal Media Ltd, CAC 5538, <speq.eu>, Transfer Fruit of the Loom Ltd v. Mohammed Ali, CAC 5776, <russelathletic.eu>, Transfer

Minority View: Some panels have taken a different stance and have still decided the cases based on their merits, even when the respondents agreed to a transfer.

Relevant Decisions:

Altova Ges.m.b.H. v. ALTRA-NS LTD, CAC 2219, <altova.eu>, Transfer Unibail Holding SA v. Ovidio Ltd, CAC 2123, <unibail.eu>, Transfer Zoologisk Have v. Name Battery, Ltd., CAC 3942, <copenhagenzoo.eu>, Transfer ASSOCIATION FRANCAISE DU FESTIVAL INTERNATIONAL DU FILM v. EUTeam Ltd, CAC 4082, <festivaldecannes.eu>, Transfer August Storck KG v. World Online Endeavours, Ltd., CAC 4339, <merci-pur.eu>, Transfer BRISTOL-MYERS SQUIBB BELGIUM S.A. v. Aphrodite Ventures, Ltd., CAC 4723, <videx.eu>, Transfer OSIsoft, Inc. v. Fienna, Ltd., CAC 5243, <osisoft.eu>, Revocation

However, the parties are free to settle their dispute (supra I.5.) in the pre-panel phase with transfer being effected by the parties themselves without any intervention of the CAC. 9. Can panels render formal decisions mirroring settlements entered into by the parties? Paragraph A 4 (a) of the ADR Rules states that the proceeding shall be terminated if a settlement has been reached by the parties. Nevertheless, panels have issued formal decisions to transfer the domain name according to the settlement agreement several times.

Relevant Decisions:

Bassano Grimeca S.p.A. v. Kausani Enterprises Ltd, CAC 4324, <grimeca.eu>, Transfer Česká inženýrská a.s. v. Ovidio Ltd, CAC 4393, <cias.eu>, Transfer Continental Airlines, Inc & Continental Airlines Domain Name Ltd v. Kanzlei Berger , CAC 4979, <continentalair.eu>, Transfer


FRIED Kunststofftechnik GmbH v. Ovidio Limited, CAC 5168, <fried.eu>, Transfer

However, other panels remained more faithful to the exact letters of the ADR Rules and simply terminated the proceedings without issuing judgments in cases of settlements. It is unclear which approach is preferred by the majority of panellists, because when formal judgments were rendered, they had always been requested by the parties.

Relevant Decisions:

Reisebüro Bühler GmbH v. Dom.info e.K., CAC 3757, <flights.eu>, Settlement Suomen Osuuskauppojen Keskuskunta v. Minerva GmbH Consulting, CAC 1036, <abc.eu>, Revocation

10. What is the proper language of proceedings? Consensus View: According to Article 22 (4) PPR and Paragraph A 3 (a) of the ADR Rules, the proper language is the language used in the registration agreement, an EU-language otherwise specified therein or an EU-language that both parties agreed on.

Relevant Decisions:

Vivartia-Industrial & Commercial company of food & catering services v. Anastasios Karzakis, CAC 2675B, <vivartia.eu>, Rejected White & Case LLP v. Tomáš Nagy, CAC 1683B, <whitecase.eu> inter alia, Rejected Bookings Europe B.V. v. Stichting Miloma, CAC 4090, <bookings.eu>, Transfer Ville de Paris v. H. Klomp, CAC 5559B, <paris.eu>, Rejected Logintrans spółka z ograniczoną odpowiedzialnością v. Traffic Web Holding B.V., CAC 2369B, <trans.eu>, Rejected

11. What are the proper grounds for changing the language in a language trial procedure? According to Article 22 (4) PPR, panels have the authority to change the language, having regard to the circumstances of the case. However, until February 1, 2010, the ADR Rules required exceptional circumstances according to Paragraph A 3 (a). Panels have repeatedly found that mere economic reasons were not such exceptional circumstances. It has not been regarded as sufficient that all documents were in the language desired by the complainant and that both parties were able to communicate in that language. Also, financial reasons and the fact that the respondent had some knowledge of the language requested by the complainant were not regarded as substantial grounds to change the language. Similarly, a limited number of available translators between the native languages of the parties has not been considered sufficient ground to change the language of proceeding to English in one instance.

CAC Overview


Relevant Decisions:

Vivartia-Industrial & Commercial company of food & catering services v. Anastasios Karzakis, CAC 2675B, <vivartia.eu>, Rejected White & Case LLP v. Tomáš Nagy, CAC 1683B, <whitecase.eu> inter alia, Rejected Protective Komfort Group International Pavigym International v. Team X, s.r.o, CAC 5100B, <pavigym.eu>, Rejected Ville de Paris v. H. Klomp, CAC 5559B, <paris.eu>, Rejected Logintrans spółka z ograniczoną odpowiedzialnością v. Traffic Web Holding B.V., CAC 2369B, <trans.eu>, Rejected

However, changes have been made in cases, in which the language desired by the complainant was the national language of the respondent, provided the respondent did not indicate that he had knowledge of the language of the registration agreement. Similar decisions were reached when it appeared to be the case that the respondent had knowledge of the requested language and had only chosen the language of the registration agreement in order to make proceedings more complex. The language of the website was also used as an indicator.

Relevant Decisions:

NürnbergMesse GmbH v. Marnix Brands, CAC 4320B, <nuernbergmesse.eu>, Accepted SANOFI-AVENTIS v. De Jong M., CAC 4132, <acompliaoriginal.eu> inter alia, Accepted Citizen Engineering Services Ltd (Philip Nuttal) v. AOL (UK) Limited, CAC 4300B, <buddylist.eu>, Accepted OLYMPIAKOS SYNDESMOS FILATHLON PIRAEUS P.A.E. v. Biuro Pomocy Adwokackiej i Patentowej, CAC 4375B, <redstore.eu>, Accepted. Hlavní město Praha v. Traffic Web Holding B.V., CAC 4681B, <prague.eu>, Accepted

With the changes to the ADR Rules, the requirement of exceptional circumstances was dropped. Therefore, successful requests in language trial appear to be more likely from now on. However, a clear scheme has not yet developed. In the first case governed by the new rules, the panel held that it could change the language at its own discretion if it was practical and not disadvantageous to the respondent. In that particular case, the language was changed, because the respondent had not replied, the parties had communicated in the language requested and that language had been the commonly used in the branch of trade that both parties were engaged in.

Relevant Decision:

Avast Software a.s. v. AVIRA GmbH, CAC 5739B, <avast.eu>, Accepted

However, the mere use of the requested language in communications between the parties is not regarded to be sufficient when the respondent is a national of a different country and refuses the change of language for reasons of misunderstandings.


Also, the fact that both parties are nationals of the same country is not sufficient when the respondent resides in a different country and has chosen the language of that country in the registration agreement.

Relevant Decisions:

ABB Asea Brown Boveri Ltd, ABB AG v. Luigi Silvestri, CAC 5831B, <abbgroup.eu>, Rejected Koudsi Graphics V.O.F. v. Zheng Qingying, CAC 5818B, <koudsi.eu>, Rejected

12. Can supplemental filings be accepted? According to Paragraph B 8 of the ADR Rules, panels can admit supplemental filings at their own discretion. Panels have not yet agreed on the circumstances under which doing so is appropriate. However, from these decisions, it can be derived that additional statements will be accepted under specific circumstances. Consensus View: Panels accept supplemental filings if they entail evidence that could not possibly have been presented earlier.

Relevant Decisions:

Hotel.eu s.r.o v. Internetportal und Marketing GmbH, CAC 419, <hotel.eu>, Transfer Vattenfall Europe Netcom GmbH v. EURid, CAC 1299, <4ce.eu>, Rejected Axel Arnulf Pfennig v. Internetportal und Marketing GmbH, CAC 1717, <arzt.eu> inter alia, Annuled Digipolis v. EURid, CAC 2185, <antwerp.eu> inter alia, Annuled FINEMCCANICA S.P.A. v. EURid, CAC 2671, <selex.eu>, Rejected Rotary International v. Mas erich auer, CAC 3465, <rotary.eu>, Revocation Sepracor Inc. v. Adil Akkus, CAC 5174, <lunesta.eu>, Revocation

Moreover, panels are likely to accept additional submissions for reasons of fairness, if belated responses have also been accepted.

Relevant Decisions:

ThinkTank EDV-Consulting GmbH v. EURid, CAC 1996, <thinktank.eu> inter alia, Rejected Bookings Europe B.V v. Stichting Miloma, CAC 4090, <bookings.eu>, Transfer

However, if this is not the case, it is helpful for the opposing party to protest the additional submission. Such a protest may be considered by the panel in its decision to allow or disallow the submission.

Relevant Decisions:

1&1 Internet AG v. Christian Dahmen, CAC 453, <web.eu>, Revocation Kontakta spol. s r. o. v. EURid, CAC 3072, <kontakta.eu>, Denied

CAC Overview


Minority View: Additional submissions may also be accepted in other than the described circumstances. Some panels admitted such submissions, stating that they might help determine the facts.

Relevant Decisions:

hotel.be v. Internetportal und Marketing GmbH, CAC 3387, <hotel.eu>, Transfer Eco Economy Tours v. EURid, CAC 2448, <ecotours.eu> inter alia, Rejected art-x Webagentur. v. PARA Verwaltung GmbH, CAC 3848, <packservice.eu>, Rejected

13. Can complaints be filed by co-complainants? Consensus View: Complaints can successfully be filed by related co-complainants due to practical reasons.

Relevant Decisions:

Rieke Corporation and Rieke Packaging Systems Limited v World Online Endeavours, Ltd, CAC 4588, <rieke.eu>, Transfer Aktiebolaget Sandvik Coromantv. Mikael Pirhonen, CAC 4879, <sandvikcoromant.eu>, Transfer zappmedia GmbH, zappmedia Holding GmbH v. Mandarin & Pacific Services Limited, CAC 5249, <zappmedia.eu>, Transfer General Electric Company, GE Capital EMEA Services Limited v. GeCredit Group, CAC 5681, <gecredit.eu>, Transfer Point of Sports GmbH v. Vinitsia, Ltd, CAC 4881, <jetpilot.eu>, Transfer

14. Can panels award costs? Consensus View: It is undisputed that panels cannot award costs for the proceeding.

Relevant Decisions:

Raad voor Rechtsbijstandv. EURid, CAC 335, <mediation.eu>, Rejected Depmarc v. EURid, CAC 1711, <airco.eu> inter alia, Rejected Depmarcv. EURid, CAC 2084, <suzuki.eu> inter alia, Rejected In Person Personeelsgroep B.V v. Frans Morsink, CAC 5688, <inperson.eu>, Transfer

15. Can panels conduct independent investigations? Consensus View: Paragraph B 7 (a), of the ADR Rules expressly allows panels to do so at their own discretion and panels have frequently done so.

Relevant Decisions:

TSE Systems GmbHv. Fienna, Ltd., CAC 1328, <tse-systems.eu>, Transfer Euro Suisse International Ltdv. Lehigh Basin Ltd, CAC 3239, <eurosuisse.eu>, Rejected Banca Intesa S.p.A. v. Dave Davies, CAC 4089, <bancointesa.eu>, Transfer


Sanofi Aventis v. UK Domain Developers, Ltd., CAC 4819, <ambiencr.eu>, Transfer KG Industries LLCv. KG Industries, Gary Powell KG Industries, CAC 5572, <kgindustries.eu>, Revocation Barclays Bank Plc v. Simon Allso, CAC 6071, <barclaycorporatefunding.eu>, Transfer

16. Are panels bound by decisions of national trade mark registries concerning the existence or non-existence of trade/service marks? Although there have been several decisions on the issue, a consensus view has not yet developed. However, the majority view appears to be that such decisions must be accepted by panels as given.

Relevant Decisions:

Wellness-Hotels-Deutschland GmbH v. Internetportal und Marketing GmbH, CAC 452, <wellness.eu>, Rejected AAA Auto a.s. v. EURid, CAC 1812, <aaaauto.eu>, Rejected 123.ie Internet Services Limited v. Minerva Consulting GmbH, CAC 3668, <123.eu>, Transfer MasterCard Europe SPRLv. Lea Suter, CAC 5543, <europay.eu>, Rejected

Nevertheless, a significant number of panels have refused this view and taken the stance that panels can reconsider decisions taken by trade mark registries.

Relevant Decisions:

LTUR Tourismus AG v. Rücker, CAC 283, <lastminute.eu>, Rejected Kocian Solc Balastik, advokatni kancelar, Ladislav Smejkal v. Andreas Constantinou, CAC 1584, <ksb.eu>, Transfer DDR Museum Berlin GmbH v. Zheng Qingying, CAC 5094, <ddr-museum.eu>, Transfer

17. On which party rests the burden of proof regarding a lack of legitimate rights or interests and bad faith? Majority View: Concerning the burden of proof regarding a lack of legitimate rights or interests, in contrast to the exact wording of Paragraph B 11 (d) (1) and in analogy to the rules developed by UDRP panels, the complainant only needs to establish a prima facie case. Then, the onus shifts to the respondent to rebut the assertion that the respondent lacks legitimate rights or interests.

Relevant Decisions:

SoftAge Services GmbHv. Zheng Qingying, CAC 2929, <softage.eu>, Rejected Security Center GmbH & Co. KG v. Zheng Qingying, CAC 2986, <terxon.eu>, Transfer The Game Group Plc v. First Internet Technology Ltd, CAC 4014, <game.eu>, Transfer Rotary International v. Strake Bohumil, CAC 4757, <rotary.eu>, Transfer

CAC Overview


CharterLine Fuhrpark-Service GmbHv. fienna.com, CAC 4949, <buchbinder.eu>, Transfer GBO Design - Engineering v. Guidance International AB, CAC 4950, <gbo.eu>, Transfer PETROM SA v. Kurt Janusch, CAC 5087, <petrom.eu>, Transfer Yakult Europe B.V. v. Mark Weakley, CAC 5156, <yakult.eu>, Transfer ANDREAS I. KANNAS & SONS LIMITED v. Zheng Qingying, CAC 5941, <kannas.eu>, Transfer OANDA Corporation v. Domain Directors Europe Ltd, CAC 5665, <oanda.eu>, Revocation Discover Financial Services (UK) Limited v. Dinerscards Ltd, CAC 5646, <dinerscards.eu>, Transfer Barclays Bank Plc v. Simon Allso, CAC 6071, <barclaycorporatefunding.eu>, Transfer

Concerning the burden of proving bad faith, the Complainant must prove and substantiate its allegations with evidence on the balance of probabilities that the Respondent has registered or used the domain in bad faith.

Relevant Decisions:

SoftAge Services GmbHv. Zheng Qingying, CAC 2929, <softage.eu>, Rejected The Game Group Plc v. First Internet Technology Ltd, CAC 4014, <game.eu>, Transfer GBO Design - Engineering v. Guidance International AB, CAC 4950, <gbo.eu>, Transfer Yakult Europe B.V. v. Mark Weakley, CAC 5156, <yakult.eu>, Transfer

Minority View: There is no reversal of the burden of proof according to the wording of the ADR Rules.

Relevant Decisions:

Smartmachine B.V.v. NameBattery.com, CAC 982, <smartmachine.eu>, Transfer LOT Polish Airlines v. Alexander Schubert, CAC 1959, <lot.eu>, Transfer OLYMPIAKOS SYNDESMOS FILATHLON PIRAEUS P.A.E v. SYNERGIS Maciej Przywara, CAC 4218, <olympiakos.eu>, Transfer Labrada Bodybuilding Nutrition v. Timo Kemerink, CAC 4396, <labrada.eu>, Rejected Mr. Didieer Mottev. Ovidio Limited, CAC 4526, <placement.eu> inter alia, Transfer

Concerning bad faith, the Complainant only has to establish prima facie evidence for the Respondent having registered or used the domain in bad faith. The Respondent then has to rebut.

Relevant Decisions:

CharterLine Fuhrpark-Service GmbHv. fienna.com, CAC 4949, <buchbinder.eu>, Transfer PETROM SA v. Kurt Janusch, CAC 5087, <petrom.eu>, Transfer


Barclays Bank Plc v. Simon Allso, CAC 6071, <barclaycorporatefunding.eu>, Transfer

Minority View: The onus always rests on the respondent.

Relevant Decisions:

SAZKA, a.s.v. Andreas Polanka, CAC 4139, <sazka.eu>, Transfer NürnbergMesse GmbH v. Marnix Brands, CAC 4320, <nuernbergmesse.eu>, Transfer Mäurer + Wirtz GmbH & Co. KG v. Fienna.com, CAC 4410, <4711.eu>, Transfer

18. What is the standard of proof? Consensus View: While only very few panels have discussed the issue, those panels that have done so almost unanimously required that the assertion be proved on the balance of probabilities. This means that the asserted facts must be more likely to be true than to be false. That standard, also referred to as the preponderance of evidence standard, is also required in civil cases on Common Law jurisdictions.

Relevant Decisions:

123.ie Internet Services Limited v. Minerva Consulting GmbH, CAC 3668, <123.eu>, Transfer Alterian Technology Limited v. Paul MacGowan, CAC Case No.4296, <alterian.eu>, Transfer Monster Worldwide Ireland Limited v. Monster Finance Limited, CAC 5376, <monsterfinance.eu>, Transfer Noonan Services Groupv. OEEO NETWORKS LIMITED, CAC 5578, <noonan.eu>, Transfer OANDA Corporation v. Domain Directors Europe Ltd, CAC 5665, <oanda.eu>, Revocation Jager & Polacek GmbHv. Redtube, CAC 5891, <redtube.eu>, Transfer

In an isolated decision, it was held that panellists must be rather convinced of the facts asserted. It is uncertain, however, whether the applied standard was in fact different from the standard applied by other panels.

Relevant Decision: Ursula Hahn v. Zheng Qingying, CAC 3444, <ocunet.eu>, Transfer

19. Can documents submitted in language other than the language of proceedings be accepted? According to Paragraph A 3 (c) of the ADR Rules, all submissions “shall be made in the language of the ADR Proceeding or in different requested language if the Complainant proves (…) that the Respondent has adequate knowledge of such different language.” However, panels are

CAC Overview


also allowed to request a translation of such submissions or disregard them without requiring a translation.

Relevant Decisions:

Mr Matthew Keith Witts v. Internetportal und Marketing GmbH, CAC 52, <yoga.eu>, Rejected Richard Schlicht v. Internetportal und Marketing GmbH, CAC 910, <reifen.eu>, Transfer Hotel.be v. Internetportal und Marketing GmbH, CAC 3387, <hotel.eu>, Transfer Mr. Didieer Mottev. Ovidio Limited, CAC 4526, <placement.eu> inter alia, Transfer ELTRO Gesellschaft für Elektronik mbH v. Zheng Qingying, CAC 4620, <eltropuls.eu>, Transfer

In the absence of a response, some panels declared it to be sufficient that the panellist understood the evidence.

Relevant Decisions:

Abat AG v. Georg Gottfried, CAC 3976, <abat.eu>, Transfer SIMTEK Präzisionswerkzeuge GmbH v. Lexicon Media, Ltd., CAC 4371, <simtek.eu>, Transfer

Nevertheless, there were notable decisions, in which panels declined to take documents submitted in foreign language into consideration. In some of these decisions, it appeared to be the case that the evidence was not accepted, because the respondent did not have sufficient knowledge of the language.

Relevant Decisions:

Hotel.eu s.r.o v. Internetportal und Marketing GmbH, CAC 419, <hotel.eu>, Transfer Atlasprofilax, S.A. v. Alfredo Lerro, CAC 3971, <atlasprofilax.eu>, Revocation Witzenmann GmbH v. Markus Jank, CAC 5388, <witzenmann.eu>, Transfer Merck KGaAv. Ficsor Balazs, CAC 4345, <merckgroupe.eu>, Transfer

20. Can complaints be accepted based on the respondent’s failure to supply a response? Majority Approach: Complaints are not granted based on respondents’ failure to supply a response. According to Article 22 (10) of the PPR and Paragraph B 10 (a) of the ADR Rules, it is possible for panels to accept a complaint based on the respondent’s default. Panels have, however, rarely done so. Some required complainants to establish a prima facie case in order to succeed. Similarly, other panels have in the absence of a response accepted as established the facts asserted by the complainant and have drawn all reasonable inferences therefrom. This approach may be derived from Paragraph B 10 (b) of the ADR Rules.


Relevant Decisions:

Energylinx Limitedv. Gumshoe Research Limited, CAC 1129, <energylinx.eu>, Transfer Kemet International Limited v. Vinitsia Ltd, CAC 1304, <kemet.eu>, Transfer Peter A. Rueckert v. Domain Handler, CAC 1387, <biomark.eu>, Rejected Pharma Medico UK Ltd. v. Vinitsia Ltd, CAC 1412, <nourkrin.eu>, Transfer E.T Browne (UK) Limitedv. Fienna Limited, CAC 2235, <palmerscocoabutter.eu>, Transfer Studienkreis GmbH v. Cervos Enterprises Ltd, CAC 3202, <studienkreis.eu>, Transfer Hans Beckhoff v. OEEO NETWORKS LIMITED, CAC 3565, <ethercat.eu>, Transfer Zoologisk Have v. Name Battery, Ltd., CAC 3942, <copenhagenzoo.eu>, Transfer Abat AG v. Georg Gottfried, CAC 3976, <abat.eu>, Transfer Adina Europe Limited v. Fienna.com, CAC 4562, <adina.eu>, Transfer EUROPART Holding GmbH v. Zheng Qingying, CAC 4253, <europart.eu>, Transfer Sponda Oyj v. UK Domain Developers, Ltd, CAC 4492, <sponda.eu>, Transfer Mills Brothers B.V. v. OEEO NETWORKS LIMITED, CAC 4725, <thesting.eu>, Transfer Tekom Gesellschaft für technische Kommunikation e.V. v. Kausani Enterprises Ltd, CAC 4735, <tekom.eu>, Transfer In Person Personeelsgroep B.V v. Frans Morsink, CAC 5688, <inperson.eu>, Transfer Edscha AGv. Vinitsia Ltd, CAC 3149, <edscha.eu>, Transfer BB C - SERVICES, s.r.o. v. Zheng Qingying, CAC 3368, <bbcentrum.eu>, Transfer Big Dutchman v. Zheng Qingying, CAC 3510, <bigdutchman.eu>, Transfer Fiere Internazionali di Bologna SPA v. Lexicon Media Ltd, CAC 4261, <motorshowbolognafiere.eu>, Rejected SALOMON S.A. v. Vinitsia Ltd, CAC 4269, <salomonsports.eu>, Transfer Carl Kurth Walter GmbH v. Mandarin & Pacific Services Limited, CAC 4477, <walter-praezision.eu>, Transfer General Electric Company, GE Capital EMEA Services Limited v. GeCredit Group, CAC 5681, <gecredit.eu>, Transfer

However, in one case, the panel came to the conclusion that even when there is a lack of a response, the assertion that the respondent does not have legitimate rights is not enough.

Relevant Decision:

Manako Ltd & Co KGv. Zheng Qingying, CAC 5903, <manako.eu>, Transfer

Minority Approach: Complaints are accepted based on the respondent’s default.

CAC Overview


Relevant Decisions:

LEGO Juris A/Sv. Falk Ruether-Quadro Sued Ltd, CAC 3210, <dacta.eu>, Transfer COMMEND Leasing GMBH v. Office2Office PLC, CAC 4192, <commend.eu>, Transfer Diners Club International Ltd. v. Christel Morsink, CAC 4244, <dinerscard.eu>, Revocation e-dialog KG v. Manuela Pirmandi, CAC 5031, <e-dialog.eu>, Transfer

Dr. Ing. h.c.F. Porsche AGv. International News u. Marketing Limited, CAC 6045, <porschemagazin.eu> inter alia, Transfer 21. Can panels accept belated responses? Yes, panels can accept late responses at their own discretion. In proceedings against the registry, late responses were likely ignored, unless the opposing party was also allowed to submit additional evidence. The question has been decided much less in proceedings against registrants under Art 22 (1) a) of the PPR. Generally, panels can decide on the admissibility of evidence at their own discretion according to Paragraph B 7 (b) of the ADR Rules. Majority View: Late responses are accepted if the complainant is also allowed to submit an additional filing or if there are sufficient reasons for a late filing. It may also matter by how long the deadline is missed. Moreover, it appears to be less likely that a late response will be accepted if the other party protests as soon as the response is received.

Relevant Decisions:

IAC Search and Media Europe Ltdv. First Internet Technology Limited, CAC 2438, <ask.eu>, Transfer Esprit Retail Wholesale GmbH v. Max Kudrenko, CAC 3926, <esprit.eu>, Transfer Bookings Europe B.V v. Stichting Miloma, CAC 4090, <bookings.eu>, Transfer

Minority View: Belated responses are inadmissible, because the ADR .eu proceeding is supposed to be a speedy procedure and late responses would, were they admitted, hinder timely decisions. However, this was only stated in an obiter dictum. Nevertheless, it is of great significance, as this stance was the majority view in decisions involving the registry.

Relevant Decisions:

SHB Innovative Fondskonzepte AGv. Markus Jank, CAC 4700, <shb.eu>, Transfer Mitsubishi Motors Europe B.V.v. EURid, CAC 294, <colt.eu>, Rejected Eye-2 B.V.v. EURid, CAC 1228, <mylens.eu> inter alia, Rejected Nordea Bank Finland Abpv. EURid, CAC 1537, <solo.eu>, Rejected


Minority View: The response can only be used for informational purposes.

Relevant Decisions:

Dansk Internet Forumv. Zhonglan, CAC 1644, <dk-hostmaster.eu>, Transfer Richard Canten v. EURid, CAC 1627, <planetinternet.eu>, Rejected European Social Projects Officev. EURid, CAC 1525, <espo.eu>, Annuled

22. Do non-EU-entities have standing in ADR .eu proceedings? Consensus View: According to Art 22 (1) PPR and Paragraph B 1 (a) of the ADR Rules, any person or entity can start an ADR proceeding. Therefore, non-EU-entities have standing in ADR .eu proceedings. However, those entities cannot request a transfer of the domain name, but only revocation.

Relevant Decisions:

SEVEN FOR ALL MANKIND LLC v. Riazul Quadir, CAC 2300, <7forallmankind.eu>, Revocation WESTAT, Inc v. My Internet Media Ltd, CAC 5325, <westat.eu>, Revocation Lernco, Inc. v. Andy Ltd., CAC 5332, <lernercatalog.eu>, Revocation Emirates v. Stichting Roos Beheer, CAC 5405, <emirates.eu>, Revocation

The panels have usually accepted joint complaints filed by non-EU right holders and their EU subsidiaries or other related entities. If the transfer was requested to the EU entity it was usually granted.

Relevant Decisions:

Rieke Corporation, Rieke Packaging Systems Limited v. World Online Endeavours, Ltd, CAC 4588, <rieke.eu>, Transfer Colliers International Property Consultants Inc , Colliers CRE Plc v. Zheng Qingying, CAC 4955, <collierscre.eu>, Transfer

23. Are complainants required to have rights in the domain name in order to launch ADR .eu proceedings? Regarding this issue, a consensus view has not yet developed. The regulations cited above state that “any party” can launch proceedings. Majority View: It is a basic principle of law that a complaint can only succeed if the complainant has rights itself. In other words: The complainant must be a party in interest. However, in some cases, this was not stated expressly, but only implicitly.

Relevant Decisions:

Rabbi Guy David Hall v. UK Domain Developers, Ltd., CAC 1375, <rabbin.eu>, Rejected Axel Arnulf Pfennigv. Dom.info e.K., CAC 1559, <book.eu> inter alia, Rejected

CAC Overview


Axel Arnulf Pfennig v. Online Shopping Limited, CAC 1652, <shopping.eu>, Rejected E.T Browne (UK) Limitedv. Fienna Limited, CAC 2235, <palmerscocoabutter.eu>, Transfer Dr Massimo Introvigne v. Maurizio Lussetti, CAC 2928, <prada.eu>, Rejected Contrinex GmbH v. Martin Writh, CAC 3044, <contrinex.eu>, Rejected Enterprise Rent-a-Car UK Limited v. Domain Active Europe Ltd, CAC 4213, <enterpriserentals.eu>, Transfer Labrada Bodybuilding Nutrition, Inc. v. Timo Kemerink, CAC 4396, <labrada.eu>, Rejected Oy Hullut Päivät - Galna Dagar Ab v. Applebeach Ltd, CAC 4458, <hullutpaivat.eu> inter alia, Transfer Aktiebolaget Sandvik Coromantv. Mikael Pirhonen, CAC 4879, <sandvikcoromant.eu>, Transfer Roche Pharma AG v. Coursers UK, CAC 5014, <xenical.eu>, Transfer Yakult Europe B.V. v. Mark Weakley, CAC 5156, <yakult.eu>, Transfer

Minority View: Contrary to this approach, other panels have stuck to the exact wording of the regulations and have stated that any party could launch proceedings under the ADR .eu regime.

Relevant Decisions:

Nicolas De Borrekensv. Van der Velden beheer BV, CAC 597, <restaurant.eu> inter alia, Transfer Axel Arnulf Pfennig v. Internetportal und Marketing GmbH, CAC 1717, <arzt.eu> inter alia, Annuled Haji GmbH v. Ovidio Limited, CAC 2381, <haji.eu>, Transfer Ursula Hahn v. Zheng Qingying, CAC 3444, <ocunet.eu>, Transfer PICMG Europe v. Barbara Baldwin, CAC 4478, <picmg.eu>, Rejected

24. Under which circumstances do complaints constitute an abuse of ADR proceeding? Paragraph B 12 (h) allows the panel to hold that a complaint constitutes an abuse of ADR proceeding, if it finds that the complaint was initiated in bad faith. So far, only one panel has found that a proceeding was abusive. This was declared when a complainant who had registered a trade mark in bad faith launched proceedings against the respondent who had been engaged in cybersquatting.

Relevant Decision:

Cervos Enterprises Ltd. v. Internetportal und Marketing GmbH, CAC 3938, <arzt.eu> inter alia, Rejected

25. Does a duty to inform respondents prior to launching proceedings exist? There exists neither in the PPR nor in the ADR Rules a provision establishing such a duty.


Relevant Decision:

Basler Haar-Kosmetik GmbH & CO. KG. v. Iwebment Media Limited, CAC 3125, <baslerhaarkosmetik.eu> inter alia, Transfer

26. Do panels have authority to transfer domain names to third parties? Majority View: Article 22 (11) PPR and Paragraph B 11 (b) of the ADR Rules state that if the complainant satisfies the general eligibility criteria (Article 4 (2) (b) of the Regulation (EC) No 733/2002), the domain name may be transferred to the complainant. Therefore, most panels have declined to order a transfer to a third party.

Relevant Decisions:

DBC, LLC v. Angelos Mpethavas, CAC 3924, <xango.eu>, Revocation Atlasprofilax, S.A. v. Alfredo Lerro, CAC 3971, <atlasprofilax.eu>, Revocation F. Hoffmann-La Roche AG v. Anastasios Karkazis, CAC 4733, <tamiflu.eu>, Revocation Sepracor Inc. v. Adil Akkus, CAC 5174, <lunesta.eu>, Revocation OANDA Corporation v. Domain Directors Europe Ltd, CAC 5665, <oanda.eu>, Revocation

Branches of non-European Complainants that lie within the European Union are considered as the Complainant itself and are therefore eligible transferees of the concerned domain.

Relevant Decisions:

Turkcell Iletisim Hizmetleri AS v. dilek TANIK, CAC 5837, <turkcell.eu>, Transfer AKBANK TURK A.S. v. Gizem Yapakci, CAC 5117, <akbank.eu>, Transfer

II. Relevant rights of the complainant The complainant in an ADR procedure needs to describe the grounds on which the complaint is made and therefore has to (inter alia) show that he has rights that are recognized or established by national and/or community law in a name that the domain in question is identical or confusingly similar to. Those relevant rights can be rights such as registered national and community trademarks, geographical indications or designations of origin, and unregistered trademarks, trade names, business identifiers, company names, family names and distinctive titles of protected literacy and artistic works as far as they are protected under national law in the respective Member State. This list raises some questions on what exactly is or is not a relevant right in reference to the ADR procedure.

CAC Overview


1. Can a complainant have a relevant right from a registered trademark? Any registered trademark that is recognized and/or established by either community law or national law in a Member State is sufficient to initiate an ADR procedure. The requirements of a registered trademark therefore differ depending on the national law of the country where it is registered.

Relevant Decisions:

Trentingrana Concast Sca Consorzio dei Caseifici Sociali e dei Produttori Latte v. Zheng Qingying, CAC 5491, <trentingrana.eu>, Transfer Zheng Qingying v. FGSPORT S.r.l., Gianluca Pastori, CAC 3885, <worldsbk.eu>, Transfer David Fishman v. NGM ITALIA srl, Stefano Nesi, CAC 5969, <ngm.eu >, Transfer

2. Can a complainant have a relevant right from a pending trademark application? The consensus view of .eu ADR panels is that a pending trademark application alone is not a relevant right of the complainant. For community trademarks it is explicitly stated in the council regulation on community trademarks that these trademarks are in effect from the date of publication of the registration of the trademark. All of this is in agreement with UDRP judicature where mere applications are also not accepted as sufficient rights to a name.

Relevant Decisions:

Peter A. Rueckert v. Domain Handler, CAC 1387, <biomark.eu>, Denial

However, it should be noted that the panels decided in a different way if the application was pending at the time of the registration of the domain name while the complaint is filed after the registration has been granted.

Relevant Decisions:

Zheng Qingying v. FGSPORT S.r.l., Gianluca Pastori, CAC 3885, <worldsbk.eu>, Transfer ANASTASIOS KARKAZIS v. VIVARTIA_INDUSTRIAL, CAC 4099, <vivarita.eu>, Transfer

3. Can a complainant have a relevant right from an expired trademark/service mark? It is the consensus view of several panels that an expired trademark or service mark is not a relevant right.

Relevant Decisions:

Institut Franco-Allemand de Recherches de Saint-Louis v. EURid, CAC 219, <isl.eu>, Denial


B. Metzler seel. Sohn & Co. KGaA v. EURid, CAC 1943, <metzler.eu>, Denial EURO-INFORMATION SA v. EURid, CAC 2780, <cybermut.eu>, Denial

4. Can a complainant have a relevant right from a figurative trademark/service mark? Several panels have ruled that a figurative trademark/service mark can be a relevant right, if a word can be clearly separated and distinguished from the other elements. If a figurative mark holds relevant rights to a specific domain name has to be determined in the decision on “Identity or confusing similarity”.

Relevant Decisions:

Distillerie Bonollo S.p.A. v. EURid, CAC 1427, < bonollo.eu>, Denial Siebert Industrieelektronik GmbH v. EURid, CAC 2680, <siebert.eu>, Denial IAC Search & Media Europe Ltd v. First Internet Technology Limited, CAC 2438, <ask.eu>, Transfer Wellness-Hotels-Deutschland GmbH v. Internetportal und Marketing GmbH, CAC 452, <wellness.eu>, Denial Goebel & Voigt v. EURid, CAC 3492, <mapco.eu>, Denial HAUG GmbH & Co. KG v. Winfried Haug, CAC 5208, <haug.eu>, Transfer

5. Can a complainant have a relevant right from a trademark or service mark if it is registered only after the domain registration? So far in .eu ADR procedures there were two different opinions concerning the question if a trademark or service mark can be a relevant right if it is registered (and applied for) only after the domain registration. In one decision, it was said that a relevant right as mentioned in Article 21 (1) of the PPR has to be “prior” according to Article 10 (1) of the PPR and therefore must be registered before the domain registration.

Relevant Decision:

Axel Arnulf Pfennig v. Online Shopping Limited, CAC 3257, <shopping.eu>, Denial

In more recent decisions, the panels held that, as there is no specific reference to the date on which the complainant must have acquired the rights, it is not required that the trademark/service mark was registered before the domain registration but it is sufficient that the mark is in full effect at the time of the complaint. The second opinion corresponds to the wording of the regulation and is also in agreement with the predominant view in UDRP procedures.

Relevant Decisions:

Nordic Naturals v. UK DOMAIN DEVELOPERS LTD, CAC 5379, <nordicnaturals.eu>, Revocation

CAC Overview


David Fishman v. NGM ITALIA srl, Stefano Nesi, CAC 5969, <ngm.eu >, Transfer Piotr Warmowski v. Arcabit Sp. z o.o., Arcabit Sp. z o.o., CAC 5996, <arcabit.eu>, Transfer Topreality.sk s.r.o. v. Pavel Šimon, CAC 6049, <topreality.eu>, Transfer

6. Can a complainant have a relevant right from an unregistered trademark? Unregistered trademarks are „prior rights“, and therefore relevant rights, in as far as they are protected under national law in the Member State where they are held. So far panels have inter alia accepted “goodwill and reputation under the law of passing off“ in the UK (common law trademark), the use of a company logo in Denmark and another Danish trademark by use to be relevant rights. Requirements for unregistered trademarks are therefore varying depending on national law of the respective Member State.

Relevant Decisions:

E.T Browne (UK) Limited v. Fienna Limited, CAC 2235, <palmerscocoabutter.eu>, Transfer IAC Search & Media Europe Ltd v. First Internet Technology Limited, CAC 2438, <ask.eu>, Transfer HS Automatic v. Zenghui Fuhechan & Zheng Qingying, CAC 5301, <hsajet.eu>, Transfer Zoologisk Have v. Name Battery Limited, CAC 3942, <copenhagenzoo.eu>, Transfer

7. Can a complainant have a relevant right from ownership of other domains? So far some panels strictly refused to accept the ownership of another domain as a relevant right. Other panels listed the ownership of other domains along a trademark and/or a company name to accept a relevant right. Still overall it seems almost certain that panels will not accept the ownership of another domain alone as a relevant right.

Relevant Decisions:

M2 Marketing A/S v. EURid, CAC 2925, <m2.eu>, Denial Seghorn Inkasso GmbH v. EURid, CAC 3032, <seghorn.eu>, Denial Witzenmann GmbH v. Markus Jank, CAC 5388, <witzenmann.eu>, Transfer eprimo GmbHCAC v. Zheng Qingying, Case No. 5384, <eprimo.eu>, Transfer Alphonse Leduc Editions Musicales SARL v. Thompson Edition Inc., CAC 5419, <alphonseleduc.eu>, Transfer


8. Can a complainant have a relevant right from a company name? Company names are formally listed as relevant rights. Panels have therefore accepted company names as relevant rights in ADR procedures. One Panel has also accepted a part of a company name as a relevant right, as long as it was protected by national law. Another panel has accepted an abbreviation of a company name as a relevant right because of the wide understanding of the term trade name in many European countries.

Relevant Decisions:

Biuro Projektowania Systemów Cyfrowych SA v. EURid, CAC 2494, <bpsc.eu>, Denial TSE Systems GmbH v. Fienna Ltd, CAC 1328, <tse-systems.eu>, Transfer Giebel Rechtsbesorgungs-GmbH v. EURid, CAC 3285, <giebel.eu>, Denial Biuro Projektowania Systemów Cyfrowych SA v. EURid, CAC 2494, < bpsc.eu>, Denial

9. Can a complainant have a relevant right from a family name? Family names are formally listed as relevant rights. Panels saw a personal ID as sufficient proof for a relevant right in a domain name. A right in a domain name, that was an abbreviation which included a family name, was refused.

Relevant Decisions:

Helmut Eichhorn v. EURid, CAC 2796, <eichhorn.eu>, Annulment HAUG GmbH & Co. KG v. Winfried Haug, CAC 5208, <haug.eu>, Transfer Propaganda Beheer B.V. v. C&F Media BV, CAC 2596, <dwbh.eu>, Transfer

10. Can a complainant have relevant rights in a name of a public body? Public bodies had the opportunity to register domain names consisting of the complete name of the public body or the acronyms which are generally used during the Sunrise period, Art. 10 (3) of the PPR. Consensus View: To show rights in the name of a public body after the Sunrise period the complainant has to show that the name is protected by national and/or Community law, Art. 21 (1) of the PPR.

Relevant Decisions:

The BOC Group plc v. EURid, CAC 139, <boc.eu>, Denial union internationale des transports routiers v. EURid, CAC 187, <tir.eu>, Denial Stockholms Stad v. Traffic Web Holding BV, CAC 386, <stockholm.eu>, Denial Gemeinde Völs am Schlern / Comune di Fiè allo Sciliar v. EURid, CAC 1136, <fie.eu>, Denial

CAC Overview


Département des Hauts de Seine v. Tempus Enterprises Ltd., CAC 4204, <92.eu>, Denial

11. Can a complainant have relevant rights in a geographical term? Public bodies had the opportunity to register the complete name of the territory for which they were responsible during the Sunrise period, Art. 10 (3) of the PPR. Consensus View: If the public body did not apply for the domain name regarding the name of the territory for which was is responsible during the Sunrise period it could no longer rely on the benefits of Art. 10 (3) of the PPR and had to prove the name being protected by national and/or Community law.

Relevant Decisions:

Stadt Koeln v. Tempus Enterprises Ltd., CAC 2781, <koeln2010.eu>, Transfer Stockholms Stad v. Traffic Web Holding BV, CAC 386, <stockholm.eu>, Denial Helsingin Kaupunki v. Traffic Web Holding BV, CAC 475, <helsinki.eu>, Transfer

12. Can a trademark licensee have rights in a trademark for the purpose of filing a complaint? Consensus View: An exclusive licence represents a right referred to inArt. 21 (1) of the PPR.

Relevant Decisions:

IAC Search & Media Europe Ltd v. First Internet Technology Limited, CAC 2438, <ask.eu>, Transfer Cyworld Europe GmbH v. Kausani Enterprises Ltd, CAC 4759, <cyworld.eu>, Transfer Discover Financial Services (UK) Limited v. STC Schmeiman, CAC 5645, <dinerclub.eu>, Transfer Microsoft B.V. v. Peter Schmid, CAC 6220, <microsoftzune.eu>, Transfer

There is no agreement how to proceed if the licence invoked is not exclusive. Majority view: The licence is considered as a recognized right within the meaning of Art. 21 (1) PPR.

Relevant Decisions:

Memorex Products Europe Limited v. Goallover Limited, CAC 1196, <memorex.eu>, Transfer Young Life v. Hanoki, Ltd., CAC 4108, <younglife.eu>, Transfer Nexcom UK Ltd v. Lehigh Basin Ltd, CAC 4668, <nexcom.eu>, Transfer


New York University in France v. Vinitsia, Ltd, CAC 4925, <nyu.eu>, Transfer Crocs Europe B.V. v. Jibbitz France, CAC 5039, <jibbitz.eu>, Transfer Dayco Europe S.r.L. v. Titan MPA Ltd, CAC 5648, <dayco.eu>, Transfer Beachcomber Hot Tubs Europe B.V. v. Aquaworld B.V. Hartman, CAC 5811, <beachcomberhottubs.eu>, Transfer Hellas Sat S.A. v. Konstantinos Marketos, CAC 6038, <hellas-sat.eu>, Transfer

Minority View: If the licence is neither exclusive, nor provides for a right of the licensee to initiate domain name disputes and licenser and licensee are not affiliated with each other, the complainant must prove the licenser’s consent to the proceeding.

Relevant Decision:

Point of Sports GmbH v. Vinitsia Ltd, CAC 4881, <jetpilot.eu>, Transfer

13. Can a non-EU trademark holder successfully file a case? The current ADR practice is not continuous. Some panels argue that non-EU trademarks are also rights that are recognized by national and/or Community law as stated by Art. 21 (1) of the PPR. Minority view: One Panel considered a non-EU trademark not to be a recognized right covered by the wording of Art. 21 (1) of the PPR without further explanation.

Relevant Decisions:

AuntMinnie.com v. Jeffrey Leichter, CAC 1580, <auntminnie.eu>, Revocation Republiek Turkije v. Traffic Web Holding BV, CAC 4739, <turkey.eu>, Revocation PICMG Europe v. Barbara Baldwin, CAC 4478, <picmg.eu>, Denial

14. Can the respondent successfully contest relevance of a right of the complainant if the complainant did not apply for domain name registration during the Sunrise period? Consensus View: If the complainant unsuccessfully tried to register a domain name during the Sunrise period he can initiate an ADR procedure under Art. 21 (1) of the PPR without limitation. The right holders were not obliged to register domain names because of their trademarks or names in respect of which a right is recognized or established by national and/or Community law during the Sunrise period. Furthermore, the trademark holders cannot be demanded to register all domains which are identical or confusingly similar to their trademark. The respondent cannot contest the relevance of the right of the complainant if the complainant has not tried to register the domain name during the Sunrise period.

Relevant Decision:

Tesco Stores ČR a.s. v. Milan Bajcár, CAC 4401, <itesco.eu>, Transfer McClean Deutschland GmbH v. Fridtjof Voelkening, CAC 2818, <mcclean.eu>, Transfer

CAC Overview


Discover Financial Services (UK) Limited v. Dinerscards Ltd, CAC 5646, <dinerscards.eu>, Transfer

15. Special issues relating to distinctive titles of protected literary and artistic works Consensus View: Distinctive titles of protected literary and artistic works are valid rights regarding Art. 21 (1), 10 (1) of the PPR if they are titles in respect of which a right is recognized or established by national and/or Community law. There are only a few cases which dealt with distinctive titles. In most of them the complainant or respondent had a registered trademark with the same name as the distinctive title.

Relevant Decisions:

Koch Media GmbH v. Eijer Media, CAC 5351, <linerider.eu>, Transfer The JRR Tolkien Estate Limited v. Haik Tonoyan, CAC 4158, <silmarillion.eu>, Transfer Département des Hauts de Seine v. Tempus Enterprises Ltd., CAC 4204, <92.eu>, Denial

Minority View: In one case the panel stated that titles which are a generic term cannot be a valid right regarding Art. 21 (1) of the PPR.

Relevant Decisions:

Wydawnictwo Jezierski v. Łukasz Pawlak, CAC 4996, <oferta.eu>, Denial

III. Identity or confusing similarity 1. What is the test for identity or confusing similarity, and can the content of a website be relevant in determining this? Consensus View: Among the panels it is consensus view that for assessing identity or confusing similarity the .eu suffix has to be disregarded. Concerning confusing similarity the panel´s review consist of a comparison between the disputed domain name and the name for which a right is recognized or established by national and/or Community law.

Relevant Decisions:

Diners Club International Ltd. v. Christel Morsink, CAC 4244, <dinerscard.eu>, Revocation Romantik Hotels & Restaurants GmbH & Co KG v. Kausani Enterprises Ltd., CAC 5128, <romantik.eu>, Transfer Diehl Stiftung & Co. KG v. H. Klomp, CAC 5824, <diehl.eu>, Transfer Bayer AG v. Zheng Qingying, CAC 4661, <bayergarden.eu>, Transfer

View 1: Some panels refuse to take anything else for their test but the wording of the domain name and the relevant right.


Relevant Decisions:

Lehigh Basin, Ltd. v. Stuttgarter Messe- und Kongress GmbH, CAC 2791, <messe-stuttgart.eu>, Transfer Gailtaler Computerklinik, Markus Peter Jank v. Allianz AG - Group Legal Services -, Allianz AG, CAC 3207, <allianz-online.eu>, Transfer

View 2: Other panel decisions include also the content of the website and the goods for which the right is used to identify a confusing similarity.

Relevant Decisions:

Lexicon Media Ltd, Lexicon Media Ltd v. Fiere Internazionali di Bologna SPA - in short BolognaFiere SPA, Dr. Alessandro Savoia, CAC 4261, <MOTORSHOWBOLOGNAFIERE.eu>, Denied Bernadette Selim Abou Zakhm v. Josef Bano CAC 4678, <Bano.eu>, Transfer UK Domain Developers, LTD - Web Master, Web Master v. SANOFI-AVENTIS, Mrs. Bénédicte SIRVEN, CAC 4819, <ambiencr.eu>,Transfer Zheng Qingying v. DDR Museum Berlin GmbH, Robert Rückel, CAC 5094, <ddr-museum.eu>, Transfer Richard Anthony WINTER v. EDF, Roseline DESJUZEUR, CAC 4744, <edf-uk.eu>, Transfer

2. Is a domain name consisting of a name in respect of which a right is recognized or established by national and/or Community law and a negative term confusingly similar to that name? (“sucks cases”) The so called “suck cases”, in which domain names include a negative prefix according to a special name or trademark, have been discussed by the panel just in one case. In this one the confusing similarity was found. However, the panel emphasized that every case has to be considered on its own merits.

Relevant Decision:

Société Air France v. Lexicon Media Ltd., CAC 4141, <airfrancesucks.eu>, <airfrance-jp.eu>, Transfer

3. Is a domain name consisting of a name in respect of which a right is recognized or established by national and/or Community law and a generic, descriptive or geographical term confusingly similar to that name? Consensus View: Domain names which include a name for which a right is recognized or established by national and/or Community law combined with descriptive or generic terms are confusingly similar to that name, especially in situation where the descriptive or generic terms describe the goods and/or services or the right holder.

Relevant Decisions:

SYNERGIS v. OLYMPIAKOS SYNDESMOS FILATHLON PIRAEUS, CAC 4218, <olympiakos.eu>, Transfer,

CAC Overview


ibiz hosting, Tamer Nurgel v. Société Air France, Jean-Marc BARDY, CAC 4645, <airfrance.eu>, Transfer Monster Finance Limited, Rahat Kazmi v. Monster Worldwide Ireland Limited, CAC 5376, <monsterfinance.eu>, Transfer LTUR Tourismus AG v. Rücker, CAC 283, <lastminute.eu>, Denial Avery Dennison Corporation v. Dotasterisk Ltd, CAC 5126, <averygraphics.eu>, Transfer hotel.be v. Internetportal und Marketing GmbH, CAC 3387, <hotel.eu>, Transfer Allianz AG v. Gailtaler Computerklinik, CAC 3207, <allianz-online.eu>, Transfer

4. Is a domain name which contains a common or obvious misspelling of a name in respect of which a right is recognized or established by national and/or Community law (“typosquatting”) confusingly similar to that name? Consensus View: Domain names that contain obvious misspelling of names to which right is recognized or established by national and/or Community law are always confusingly similar to them. “Ty32 posquatting” is the baseline of confusion. Panels made clear that this type of domain registrations is used in bad faith to cause that users were led to a wrong site due to the similarity of the protected name and the registered domain name.

Relevant Decisions:

Tárhely.eu Kft. v. DiMa.hu Kft, CAC 5593, <tárhely.eu>, Transfer Arla Foods amba v. juulandersen.com, CAC 4917, <arlafood.eu>, Transfer Sony Ericsson Mobile Communications AB v. Eva Povysilova, CAC 4539, <sonyericson.eu>, Transfer

5. Can a domain name be found identical or confusingly similar to a figurative or combined trademark? Consensus View: Domain names cannot be identical to figurative/combined trademarks as such trademarks can never be identically reproduced in a domain name. Domain names can be confusingly similar to figurative/combined trademarks. However, panels take into account different circumstances in assessing if there is confusing similarity. The domain name is confusingly similar to the trademark if the word element is predominant, and can be clearly separated from the device element. The domain name is not confusingly similar to the trademark if the word element is purely descriptive or combination of descriptive terms.

Relevant Decisions:

E.T Browne (UK) Limited v. Fienna Limited, CAC 2235, <palmerscocoabutter.eu>, Transfer AIDA Cruises German Branch of Società di Crociere Mercurio S.r.L. v. Margarete Josten, CAC 5241, <aidatours.eu>, Transfer


LEGO Juris A/S v. Jeff Fidler, CAC 5957, <harrypotterlego.eu>, Denial 1&1 Internet AG v. Juan Antonio Moreno Delgado, CAC 6203, <1and1miniweb.eu> Transfer Nicolas De Borrekens v. Marcus F.M. Duncker, Joop Elzas, CAC 596, <restaurants.eu> Transfer British Swimming, Ashley Dominic Cox v. Zheng Qingying, CAC 3499, <britishswimming.eu> Revocation Brand Scout GmbH v. Georg Gottfried, CAC 4863, <babywell.eu> Transfer Fiere Internazionali di Bologna SPA - in short BolognaFiere SPA, Dr. Alessandro Savoia v. Lexicon Media Ltd, CAC 4261, <motorshowbolognafiere.eu> Transfer

IV. Legitimate rights and interests of the respondent 1. Does a respondent automatically have rights or legitimate interests in a domain name comprised of dictionary word(s)? Consensus view: After a “prima facie” case made by the complainant the respondent has to show rights or legitimate interests in the domain name. The domain name will be transferred to the com33 plainant if the respondent fails, even if a domain name in question is comprised of a dictionary word or phrase. Important factors in this regard include pattern of conduct of the respondent, fame of the trademark and whether the domain name is used in its generic sense.

Relevant Decisions:

Noonan Services Group v. OEEO NETWORKS LIMITED, CAC 5578, <noonan.eu>, Transfer Balver Zinn Josef Jost GmbH & Co KG v. Felder GmbH, CAC 2648, <balverzinn.eu>, Transfer LTUR Tourismus AG v. Rücker, CAC 283, <lastminute.eu>, Denial McClean Deutschland GmbH v. Fridtjof Voelkening, CAC 2818, <mcclean.eu>, Transfer

2. Can a reseller of trademarked goods or services have rights or legitimate interests in a domain name which contains such trademark? There is only one decision discussing the issue, therefore it is preliminary to consider it a consensus view. The panel adopted a view a reseller or distributor can make a “bona fide” offering of goods and services to have rights or legitimate interests in the domain name. The requirements include actual offering of the goods or services at issue, selling only trademarked goods (so there is no use of the trademark to attract internet users and then switch them to other goods), clearly disclosing the registrant’s relationship to the trademark holder and not trying to “corner the market” in domain names similar or identical to the trademark. A reseller without authorization could also make a “bona fide” offering of goods and services.

CAC Overview


Normally, pay-per-click websites do not fall within the “bona fide” offering of goods and services because of taking unfair advantage of the value of the trademark.

Relevant Decisions:

Lego Juris A/S v. Jeff Fidler, CAC 5957, <harrypotterlego.eu>, Denial

3. Does a respondent’s trademark corresponding to a disputed domain name automatically generate rights or legitimate interests, especially in circumstances where it was obviously applied for in order to register the domain name? Consensus view: Normally a registration of a trademark establishes respondent’s rights or legitimate interests in the disputed domain name. In cases where the overall circumstances demonstrated that such trademark had been registered primarily to circumvent the application of the PPR and the ADR Rules the panels declined to find respondent’s rights or legitimate interests in the disputed domain name.

Relevant Decisions:

CINE CRAFT LTD. v. Traffic Web Holding B.V., CAC 4608, <private.eu>, Transfer Casual Male RBT LLC dba Rochester Big & Tall v. Rossie Ruben, CAC 4641, <casualmale.eu>, Transfer ALIMA značková potravina a.s. v. Perkins a.s., CAC 5633, <majolka.eu>, Transfer Yakult Europe B.V. v. Mark Weakley, CAC 5156, <yakult.eu>, Transfer

4. Is the complainant required to prove that the respondent lacks rights or legitimate interests in the disputed domain name? The overall burden of proof lies with the complainant. Cases have shown that it is often impossible for a complainant to prove negative facts because some required information is only within the knowledge of the respondent. Therefore the complainant is only able to make a “prima facie” case that the respondent lacks rights and legitimate interests in the disputed domain name. The burden of proof shifts to the respondent then. If the respondent fails to show evidence of rights or legitimate interests it is deemed to have none. If the respondent demonstrates evidence of rights or legitimate interests the panel weights all the evidence. Nevertheless the general burden of proof always remains with the complainant.

Relevant Decisions:

JACK WOLFSKIN Ausrüstung für Draussen GmbH & Co. KGaA v. THD Concept, CAC 5235, <jackwolfskin.eu>, Transfer Salu Inc v. Aphrodite Ventures Limited, CAC 4440, <skinstore.eu>, Revocation LOT Polish Airlines v. Alexander Schubert, CAC 1959, <lot.eu>, Transfer


Müller Ltd. & Co. KG v. Cervos Enterprises Ltd., CAC 1827, <mueller.eu>, Transfer

5. To what extent is the national/community law relevant to a panel assessment of rights and legitimate interests and/or bad faith? Par. B 3 (b) (8) of the ADR rules provides that the panel can admit or ask for, in its sole discretion, further statements or documents from either of the parties in addition to the complaint and the response. The panels do not seem to apply national law except for assessment if there is a right to a name to which the domain name is identical or confusingly similar (which must be recognized or established by national and/or Community law). Nonetheless national law can be considered if the parties have the same nationality or location and if it seems appropriate.

Relevant Decisions:

Dansk Internet Forum v. Zhonglan, CAC 1644, <dk-hostmaster.eu>, Transfer Bernhard Bauer v. Dirk Pauwels, CAC 131, <minitec.eu>, Denial

6. Does failure of a respondent to respond to the complaint (respondent’s default) automatically result in the complainant being granted the requested remedy? Consensus View: A respondent’s default does not automatically result in a decision in favour of the complainant. The complainant has to establish the elements required by Article 21 (1) of the PPR, therefore the complainant has to support its assertions with actual evidence. Nonetheless in the absence of the response the panels often regard factual allegations which are not inherently implausible as being true and consider the default of the respondent as an indication of the lack of rights and legitimate interests, and/or of the bad faith of the respondent. Nevertheless there must be some evidence presented by the complainant.

Relevant Decisions:

E.T Browne (UK) Ltd. vs. Fienna Ltd., CAC 2235, <palmerscocoabutter.eu>, Transfer Fundus Hotelentwicklungs- und verwaltungsgmbH vs. Rene Herberg, CAC 2733, <hotel-adlon.eu>, Transfer Mobitel EAD vs. SdrujenieAsotsiatsiya na potrebitelite na telekommunikatsionniiinternetuslugi, CAC 5973, <mtelbg.eu>, Transfer Manako Ltd. & Co KG vs. ZhengQingying, CAC 5903, <manako.eu>, Transfer

7. Can a criticism site generate rights or legitimate interests in the disputed domain name? There have not been many decisions which discussed this problem yet. In all cases the respondent did not respond and a right or legitimate

CAC Overview


interest was denied by the panel. In concrete, the allegedly criticism site was not considered to generate legitimate interests in cases where it was not used at all or where it was used to criticise the competitor in order to gain its customers.

Relevant Decisions:

Société Air France v. Lexicon Media, Ltd., CAC 4141, <airfrancesucks.eu> inter alia, Transfer Vargardahus AB vs. MadelenFrihjelm, CAC 6020, <vargardahus.eu>, Transfer

8. Can a fan site generate rights or legitimate interests in the disputed domain name? There is only one decision discussing the issue, therefore it is preliminary to consider it a consensus view. The panel adopted a view which is held also amongst UDRP panels: a fan website might generate legitimate interests, as an expression of the human right of free speech, if the use of the domain name is non-commercial and the website is in fact arranged as a fan site. The last point may refer to considerations found within UDRP, that fan sites have to be clearly distinctive from any official site. Time will tell how will the .eu ADR panels deal with fan sites showing a degree of incidental commercial activity since there are UDRP decisions recognizing such activity as permissible under certain circumstances and Art. 21 (2) of the PPR seems to permit more commercial interests than UDRP (the requirement of "bona fide" for offering of goods or services was dropped).

Relevant Decisions:

Henri-Lloyd Ltd. vs. MinisoftLda, CAC 2806, <henrilloyd.eu>, Transfer FelaElektronik GmbH vs. Matthias Moench, CAC 3266 <Fela.eu>, Transfer

9. Do parking and landing pages or pay-per-click links generate rights or legitimate interests in the disputed domain name? Consensus View: Use of a domain name to post parking pages or mere pay-per-click links does not of itself confer rights or legitimate interests, especially if links lead to websites of the right holder’s competitors.

Relevant Decisions:

ABAT AG vs. Georg Gottfried, CAC 3976, <abat.eu>, Transfer Esprit Retail Wholesale GmbH vs. Max Kudrenko, CAC 3926, <esprit.eu>, Transfer Brand Scout GmbH vs. Georg Gottfried, CAC 4863, <babywell.eu>, Transfer Mary Zeng vs. Enterprise Rent-a-Car UK, CAC 4337, <ENTERPRISECARRENTAL>, Transfer Ovidio Limited vs. Alexis Coussement Lumieres, CAC 3949, <ACL>, Transfer

There are no decisions discussing landing pages yet.


10. Does so called "direct navigation" generate rights or legitimate interests in the disputed domain name? View 1: Many panels tend to consider direct navigation sites to generate rights or legitimate interests if the chosen domain name has generic character (it is consisting of dictionary or common words or phrases) and the provided links are coherent and related to the generic meaning of the domain name at issue. Last point divides direct navigation sites and mere parking sites with pay-per-click revenue, which do not confer rights or legitimate interest for themselves But in most cases where the respondent claimed to run a direct navigation site the panel found that the provided links weren't related to the meaning of the word/s that constituted the domain name and/or the domain name was in fact parked.

Relevant Decisions:

Haji GmbH vs. Ovidio Ltd., CAC 2381, <haji.eu>, Transfer Unibail Holding SA vs. Ovidio Ltd., CAC 2123, <unibail.eu>, Transfer Alexis CoussementLumières vs. Ovidio Ltd., CAC 3949 <acl.eu>, Transfer

View 2: The use of a trademark as a domain name for a direct navigation business cannot establish a right or legitimate interests, as it is capitalization of the trademark value.

Relevant Decisions:

Tobias Grau GmbH vs. Mandarin & Pacific Services Ltd., CAC 4829 <tobiasgrau.eu> inter alia, Transfer

V. Bad faith 1. Which actions have to be done in bad faith? The registration or the use of the domain name, or even both? Consensus view: It is not necessary to prove both registration and use in bad faith; it is sufficient if evidence illustrates one of the two elements discussed in order to comply with article 21 (1) of the PPR.

Relevant Decisions:

Carrier SCS v. Kurt Janusch, CAC 1901, <carrier.eu>, Transfer Société Air France v. Lexicon Media, CAC 4141, <airfrancesucks.eu>, Transfer ISOBAR COMMUNICATIONS B.V. v. Y-6 Ltd, CAC 4127, <iprospect.eu>, Transfer Topreality.sk s.r.o. v. Pavel Šimon, CAC 6049, <topreality.eu>, Transfer

CAC Overview


2. Can bad faith in registering the domain name be found if the domain name was registered or used before trademark was registered or before unregistered trademark rights were acquired? Bad faith in registering the domain name can be found if the changing of registration counts as fresh registration and if a trademark was not registered by the complainant but used in trademark sense and the respondent was aware and wanted to take advantage of it. It is difficult to establish bad faith in circumstances where the respondent’s registration of the disputed domain name actually pre-dates the registration of the trademark rights relied upon by the complainant. Bad faith is likely if the respondent has registered the disputed domain name in anticipation that the complainant may wish to secure the disputed domain name. However, if the respondent could not have been aware of yet not even existing trademark rights there can be no bad faith. This is also the case if no evidence of prior rights exists.

Relevant Decisions:

Jager & Polacek GmbH v. Redtube, CAC 5891, <redtube.eu>, Transfer MONTES DE PIEDAD Y CAJA DE AHORROS DE RONDA v. interdominios, CAC 5527, <unicajasur.eu>, Transfer Nordic Naturals v. UK DOMAIN DEVELOPERS LTD, CAC 5379, <nordicnaturals.eu>, Revocation Contrinex GmbH v. Martin Writh, CAC 3044, <contrinex.eu>, Denial

3. Can there be use in bad faith when the domain name is not actively used (passive holding)? Panels’ decisions have not been unanimous. Most panels think of non-use as of a proof of bad faith. It is discussed, however, whether non-use alone is enough to prove bad faith or if it only indicates bad faith. The presence of static web pages does not constitute sufficient use of a domain. If the respondent wants to show the use of his domain, at least serious preparation before the beginning of the proceeding is needed.

Relevant Decisions:

ABB Asea Brown Boveri Ltd v. Mr. Luigi Silvestri, CAC 5831, <abbgroup.eu>, Transfer Inbokss SIA v. Worldwide Brands BVBA, CAC 5892, <inbox.eu>, Transfer Groupe Partouche v. J.P. Klomp, CAC 5901, <partouche.eu>, Transfer Diehl Stiftung & Co. KG v. H. Klomp, CAC 5824, <diehl.eu>, Transfer Enagás S.A v. SIA Zirafe L, CAC 5755, <enagas.eu>, Transfer Intesa Sanpaolo S.p.A v. ZHENG QINGYING, CAC 5374, <carive.eu>, Transfer Network Solutions Europe v. BSYS bvba, CAC 5333, <netsol.eu>, Revocation Ferriera Valsabbia SpA. v. Lexicon Media Ltd., CAC 5250, <ferriera-valsabbia.eu>, Transfer PETROM SA v. Kurt Janusch, CAC 5087, <petrom.eu>, Transfer W. P. Carey v. cc, jm , CAC 4882, <wpcarey.eu>, Revocation


Brand Scout GmbH v. Georg Gottfried, CAC 4863, <babywell.eu>, Transfer Interactive Brokers (U.K.) Ltd v. Georg Gottfried, CAC 4438, <interactive-brokers.eu>, Transfer Mäurer + Wirtz GmbH & Co. KG v. Fienna.com, CAC 4410 <4711.eu>, Transfer Cork City Council v. Traffic Web Holding B.V., CAC 3230, <cork.eu>, Transfer Walter Kraus GmbH v. Kraus GmbH, CAC 5797, <kraus.eu>, Transfer AXA v. Sylux Sylwester Domitrz, CAC 5544, <axabank.eu>, Transfer CharterLine Fuhrpark-Service GmbH v. Fienna.com, CAC 4949, <buchbinder.eu>, Transfer Société Air France v. Lexicon Media Ltd., CAC 4141, <airfrancesucks.eu>, Transfer Stadt Koeln v. Tempus Enterprises Ltd., CAC 2781, <koeln2010.eu>, Transfer Precitec KG v. Precitec B.V., CAC 5266, <precitec.eu>, Denial

It is also discussed whether the use of a domain for the purpose of sending and receiving emails is sufficient. Most panels concluded that the use of a domain name for email correspondence may constitute relevant use of the domain name, however, emails must be proven - the mere reference to general, abstract data like the number of emails sent and received is not sufficient.

Relevant Decisions:

Hoefer & Partner Patentanwälte Partnerschaftsgesellschaft v. Thomas Hoefer, CAC 5482, <hoefer.eu>, Denial HAUG GmbH & Co. KG v. Winfried Haug, CAC 5208, <haug.eu>, Transfer Boltze Gruppe GmbH v. Birgit Boltze, CAC 5231, <boltze.eu>, Transfer

Non-use for at least two years from the date of registration is mostly seen as proof of bad faith, while other panels consider it to be only an indication for bad faith. The inconsistency of decisions is supported by the inconsistency in the specific language versions of the PPR – while some language versions (e.g. German) say that in case of nonuse for two years the bad faith “is demonstrated”, others (e.g. English and French) say that it “may be demonstrated”.

Relevant Decisions:

Nobilia-Werke J. Stickling GmbH & Co. KG v. Aristides Safarikas, CAC 5450, <nobilia.eu>, Denial Precitec KG v. Precitec B.V., CAC 5266, <precitec.eu>, Denial Société Air France v. Lexicon Media Ltd., CAC 4141, <airfrancesucks.eu>, Transfer

4. Can constructive notice, or a finding that a respondent “knew or should have known” about a trademark, or wilful blindness, form a basis for finding bad faith? Consensus view: A situation in which the respondent could or must have known of the facts is enough to indicate bad faith. This is especially

CAC Overview


the case if the respondent is a customer or a competitor of the complainant or if he uses systematic domain registrations (domain grabbing). If a non-generic term is used as domain name which is unlikely to have been registered by chance, this usually proves bad faith. Therefore, using a generic term as domain name supports the assumption of good faith. The registration of generic names which are economically highly interesting cannot be itself an indication of bad faith but the facts are different if there is a pattern of conduct.

Relevant Decisions:

Alterian Technology Limited v. Paul McGowan, CAC 4296, <alterian.eu>, Transfer Schaeffler KG v. Cervos Enterprises LTD, CAC 3557, <fag.eu>, Transfer Kocian Solc Balastik v. Andreas Constantinou, CAC 1584, <ksb.eu>, Transfer Creative Supportgroup BV v. DD GmbH, CAC 2048, <escort-date.eu>, Denial Memorex Products Europe Limited v. Goallvover Limited, CAC 1196, <memorex.eu>, Transfer Sligro Food Group Nederland B.V. v. W. Schuurman, CAC 5396, <sligro.eu>, Transfer Wildbore & Gibbons v. Giedrius Mazurka, CAC 2695, <bunac.eu>, Transfer HORMEL FOODS CORPORATION v. Markus Koettl, CAC 568, <spam.eu>, Transfer OLYMPIAKOS SYNDESMOS FILATHLON PIRAEUS P.A.E. v. SYNERGIS Maciej Przywara, CAC 4218, <olympiakos.eu>, Transfer AVAST Software a.s. v. Avira GmbH, CAC 5739, <avast.eu>, Transfer

If the complainant is well known and Google search reveals links that relate to him, or the complainant has a long standing history and reputation in a name, this so called wilful blindness constitutes bad faith. Before paying registration fees, the respondent is able to enter the relevant domain name into a search engine and thereby become aware of existing rights, except of cases where large numbers of domain names are registered simultaneously. Another indication is the use of popularity to gain more traffic.

Relevant Decisions:

Formula One Licensing BV v. RoosIT, CAC 2955, <f1.eu>, Transfer New York University in France v. Vinitsia, CAC 4925, <nyu.eu>, Transfer Carrier SCS v. Kurt Janusch, CAC 1901, <carrier.eu>, Transfer Société Air France v. Lehigh Basin, CAC 4318, <e-airfrance.eu>, Transfer Sony Ericsson Mobile Communications AB v. B-D-S, CAC 4423, <sony-ericsson.eu>, Transfer Wildbore & Gibbons v. Giedrius Mazurka, CAC 2695, <bunac.eu>, Transfer Diehl Stiftung & Co. KG v. H. Klomp, CAC 5824, <diehl.eu>, Transfer eprimo GmbH v. Zheng Qingying, CAC 5384, <eprimo.eu>, Transfer SYNGENTA PARTICIPATIONS AG v. Baris Dienstverlening, CAC 5380, <syngentaseeds.eu>, Revocation ACCOR S.A. v. A1Domains, CAC 5167, <formule1-hotel.eu>, Transfer


Medtronic BV v. Kausani Enterprises Ltd., CAC 4497, <medtronic.eu>, Transfer Sampo Oyj v. Pillerbi OY, CAC 5293, <sampolife.eu>, Transfer Red Hat GmbH v. erase, CAC 4749, <jboss.eu>, Transfer Fiere Internazionali di Bologna SPA v. Midweb S.R.L., CAC 4362, <fieradibologna.eu>, Transfer Mäurer + Wirtz GmbH & Co. KG v. Fienna.com, CAC 4410, <4711.eu>, Transfer CONSEJERÍA DE SANIDAD DE LA COMUNIDAD DE MADRID v. DOMAIN HANDLER, CAC 5299, <saludmadrid.eu>, Transfer City Inn Limited v. World Online Endeavours, CAC 3396, <citycafe.eu>, Denial Turkcell Iletisim Hizmetleri AS v. dilek TANIK, CAC 5837, <turkcell.eu>, Transfer SALOMON S.A. v. Vinitsia Ltd., CAC 4269, <salomonsports.eu>, Transfer Memorex Products Europe Limited v. Goallover Limited, CAC 1196, <memorex.eu>, Transfer LEGUIDE.COM SA v. Zheng Qingying, CAC 2651, <antag.eu>, Transfer Société Air France v. ibiz hosting, CAC 4645, <airfranceonline.eu>, Transfer Fontanaarte S.p.A. v. Hoogspoor B.V., CAC 4850, <fontanaarte.eu>, Transfer Alterian Technology Limited v. Paul McGowan, CAC 4296, <alterian.eu>, Transfer Labco SAS v. Qingying Zheng, CAC 4410 4711, 4880, <labco.eu>, Transfer

5. Can statements made in settlement discussions be relevant to showing bad faith? Every statement in the discussion can be relevant to constitute bad faith. Even the absence of a response from the respondent, might be an indication of the respondent’s bad faith.

Relevant Decisions:

E.T Browne (UK) Limited v. Fienna Limited, CAC 2235, <palmerscocoabutter.eu>, Transfer AOL UK v. Name Battery Limited, CAC 4039, <aolmail.eu>, Transfer ISOBAR COMMUNICATIONS B.V. v. Y-6 Ltd., CAC 4127, <iprospect.eu>, Transfer Sony Ericsson Mobile Communications AB v. B-D-S, CAC 4423, <sony-ericsson.eu>, Transfer Avery Dennison Corporation v. Dotasterisk Ltd., CAC 5126, <averygraphics.eu>, Transfer New York University in France v. Vinitsia, CAC 4925, <nyu.eu>, Transfer

If the respondent cannot be reached and the addresses declared in its domain name application appear to be false, it might be an indication of bad faith.

Relevant Decisions:

Société Air France v. Lehigh Basin, CAC 4318, <e-airfrance.eu>, Transfer Point of Sports GmbH v. Vinitsia Ltd., CAC 4881, <jetpilot.eu>, Transfer

CAC Overview


6. Does an offer to sell a domain constitute bad faith? An offer to sell is not necessarily a proof for bad faith, but can be an indication of bad faith combined with other circumstances of bad faith, e.g. the lack of use of the disputed domain name.

Relevant Decisions:

Jager & Polacek GmbH v. Redtube, CAC 5891, <redtube.eu>, Transfer My Home Limited v. My Home S.A., CAC 4560, <myhome.eu>, Denial Reale Mutua Assicurazioni v. Zheng Qingying, CAC 4517, <realemutua.eu>, Transfer CENTRAL UNION OF MUNICIPALITIES AND COMMUNITIES OF GREECE v. ZHENG QINGYING, CAC 5282, <kedke.eu>, Denial SECURITY-CENTER GmbH & Co KG v. Security Center Rotterdam B.V., CAC 4048, <securitycenter.eu>, Denial SEVEN FOR ALL MANKIND LLC v. Riazul Quadir, CAC 2300, <7forallmankind.eu>, Revocation Google Ireland v. Stefan Kraayema, CAC 3292, <egoogle.eu>, Transfer E.T Browne (UK) Limited v. Fienna Limited, CAC 2235, <palmerscocoabutter.eu>, Transfer

To be considered a proof, there must be a primary intention to sell, though primary does not mean exclusive.

Relevant Decisions:

Dansk Internet Forum v. Zhonglan, CAC 1644, <dk-hostmaster.eu>, Transfer SECURITY-CENTER GmbH & Co KG v. Security Center Rotterdam B.V., CAC 4048, <securitycenter.eu>, Denial Dayco Europe S.r.L. v. Titan MPA Ltd., CAC 5648, <dayco.eu>, Transfer & Revocation Discover Financial Services Ltd. v. Dinerscards Ltd., CAC 5646, <dinerscards.eu>, Transfer Intesa Sanpaolo S.p.A. v. ZHENG QINGYING, CAC 5374, <carive.eu>, Transfer JACK WOLFSKIN Ausrüstung für Draussen GmbH & Co. KGaA v. THD Concept, CAC 5235, <jackwolfskin.eu>, Transfer Deutsche Telekom AG v. Citrusnet, CAC 5347, <telekom24.eu>, Transfer Romantik Hotels & Restaurants GmbH & Co KG v. Kausani Enterprises Ltd., CAC 5128, <romantik.eu>, Transfer CITY BKK Körperschaft des öffentlichen Rechts v. Marnix Brands, CAC 4590, <citybkk.eu>, Transfer

Could the behaviour of the respondent be seen as domain trading, this constitutes bad faith.

Relevant Decisions:

Sport1 GmbH v Khay Haong, CAC 3108, <sport1.eu>, Transfer BORMIOLI ROCCO E FIGLIO SPA v. Inames UK, CAC 4049, <bormiolirocco.eu>, Transfer Medtronic BV v. Kausani Enterprises Ltd., CAC 4497, <medtronic.eu>, Transfer


Camlock Systems Limited v. Zheng Qingying, CAC 4515, <camlock.eu>, Transfer Bayer AG v. Zheng Qingying, CAC 4661, <bayergarden.eu>, Transfer tekom Gesellschaft für technische Kommunikation e. V. v. Kausani Enterprises Ltd., CAC 4735, <tekom.eu>, Transfer J.S. Staedtler GmbH & Co. KG v. David Fishman, CAC 2727, <staedtler.eu>, Transfer

7. Is there a need to show bad faith if there is no legitimate interest? If there is no legitimate interest, there is no need for the complainant to prove bad faith.

Relevant Decisions:

ANDREAS I. KANNAS & SONS LIMITED v. Zheng Qingying, CAC 5941, <kannas.eu>, Transfer PARTSLIFE GmbH v. Mandarin & Pacific Services Ltd., CAC 5149, <partslife.eu>, Transfer luc bertrand v. pcl, CAC 4249, <utbm.eu>, Transfer Tárhely.eu Kft. v. DiMa.hu Kft, CAC 5593, <tárhely.eu>, Transfer Casual Male RBT LLC dba Rochester Big & Tall v. Rossie Ruben, CAC 4641, <casualmale.eu>, Transfer Noonan Services Group v. OEEO NETWORKS LIMITED, CAC 5578, <noonan.eu>, Transfer

Moreover, the registration of a domain name identical or confusingly similar to a famous trade mark without legitimate interest or a right in the name constitutes a strong presumption of bad faith.

Relevant Decision:

Société Air France v. ibiz hosting, CAC 4645, <airfranceonline.eu>, Transfer

8. Are there other indications of bad faith besides those listed in Art. 21 (3) of the PPR? Consensus view: The list contained in Article 21 (3) of the PPR is not exhaustive. Therefore, panels have also considered following circumstances as evidence of bad faith in registration and/or use:

behaviour could be considered as a strong evidence for bad faith.

Relevant Decision:

Inbokss SIA v. Worldwide Brands BVBA, CAC 5892, <inbox.eu>, Transfer Merck Santé v. Zheng Qingying, CAC 3773, <monot.eu>, Transfer LTUR Tourismus AG v. Rücker, CAC 283, <lastminute.eu>, Denial

CAC Overview


holder from reflecting its name in a corresponding domain name, or disruption of the professional activities of a competitor, and therefore is an indication of bad faith.

on-going proceedings, abuses the proceeding or he is undermining the principles of the .eu domain.

Relevant Decisions:

Inbokss SIA v. Worldwide Brands BVBA, CAC 5892, <inbox.eu>, Transfer SCOTCH & SODA B.V. v. S&S Piotr Szlegiel, CAC 5529, <soda-brand.eu>, Transfer MONTES DE PIEDAD Y CAJA DE AHORROS DE RONDA v. interdominios, CAC 5527, <unicarjasur.eu>, Transfer CENTRAL UNION OF MUNICIPALITIES AND COMMUNITIES OF GREECE v. ZHENG QINGYING, CAC 5282, <kedke.eu>, Denial Levantur S.A. v. Kamil Grabarczyk, CAC 5065, <bahiaprincipe.eu>, Transfer General Electric Company v. SNNS Ltd., CAC 5009, <gesolar.eu>, Revocation Ericpol Telecom sp. z o.o. v. Zheng Qingying, CAC 2429, <ericpol.eu>, Transfer Alexis Coussement Lumières v. Ovidio Limited, CAC 3949, <acl.eu>, Transfer OSRAM GmbH v. Zheng Qingying, CAC 4309, <osram-os.eu>, Transfer ARBONNE INTERNATIONAL v. WorldOnlineEndeavours.com, CAC 4895, <arbonne.eu>, Revocation August Storck KG v. World Online Endeavours Ltd., CAC 4336, <nimm2-lachgummi.eu>, Transfer Point of Sports GmbH v. Vinitsia Ltd., CAC 4881, <jetpilot.eu>, Transfer SALOMON S.A. v. Vinitsia Ltd., CAC 4269, <salomonsports.eu>, Transfer Euro Suisse International Ltd v. Vinitsia Ltd., CAC 3024, <binatone.eu>, Denial Edscha AG v. Vinitsia Ltd., CAC 3149, <edscha.eu>, Transfer Pharma Medico UK Ltd. v. Vinitsia Ltd., CAC 1412, <nourkrin.eu>, Transfer Kemet International Limited v. Vinitsia Ltd., CAC 1304, <kemet.eu>, Transfer Salu Inc v. Aphrodite Ventures Limited, CAC 4440, <skinstore.eu>, Revocation E.T Browne (UK) Limited v. Fienna Limited, CAC 2235, <palmerscocoabutter.eu>, Transfer

rights and/or legitimate interest in the name, e.g. the domain name is the respondent´s trade name.

Relevant Decisions:

HMA Interdesign v. De Stichting Eerlijk Delen, CAC 1795, <desede.eu>, Rejection Aleid Belksma-Koopmans v. Traffic Web Holding BV, CAC 306, <mediation.eu>, Denial Société Air France v. ibiz hosting, CAC 4645, <airfranceonline.eu>, Transfer


registration for the purpose of gaining profit is indicated if sponsored links are posted on the website or if the respondent is receiving pay-per-click-fees. Registration for the purpose of gaining profit can be an indication of bad faith.

Relevant Decisions:

TARKETT SAS v. REZEPT LTD., CAC 4052, <tarkett-commercial.eu>, Transfer SEVEN FOR ALL MANKIND LLC v. Riazul Quadir, CAC 2300, <7forallmankind.eu>; Revocation BORMIOLI ROCCOE FIGLIO SPA v. Inames UK, CAC 4049, <bormiolirocco.eu>, Transfer Labco SAS v. Qingying Zheng, CAC 4880, <labco.eu>, Transfer New York University in France v. Vinitsia Ltd, CAC 4925, <nyu.eu>, Transfer Zott GmbH & Co. KG v. Victor Somov, CAC 5468, <zott-sale.eu>, Transfer Noonan Services Group v. OEEO NETWORKS LIMITED, CAC 5578, <noonan.eu>, Transfer

impression that he is affiliated with the complainant or wants to profit of the confusion of their products. Also, the content of the domain can be relevant for the panels.

competitors, such behaviour can be seen as evidence of bad faith.

Relevant Decisions:

AVAST Software a.s. v. Avira GmbH, CAC 5739, <avast.eu>, Transfer SCOTCH & SODA B.V. v. S&S Piotr Szlegiel, CAC 5529, <soda-brand.eu>, Transfer Populair A/S v. Jacobus van Hintum, CAC 5683, <pandoracharms.eu>, Transfer Balver Zinn Josef Jost GmbH & Co KG v. Felder GmbH, CAC 2648, <balver-zinn.eu>, Transfer GASTRO JOBS EDV-Dienstleistungen GmbH v. Manfred Theis, CAC 1693, <gastrojobs.eu>, Transfer AIDA Cruises German Branch of Società di Crociere Mercurio S.r.L. v. Florian Hitzelberger, CAC 5247, <aidakreuzfahrten.eu>, Transfer ORIEME ITALIA S.p.A. v. ICRON SERVICES LTD, CAC 5844, <orieme.eu>, Transfer Avery Dennison Corporation v. Dotasterisk Ltd, CAC 5126, <averygraphics.eu>, Transfer Korn/Ferry International Corporation v. Aphrodite Ventures Limited, CAC 4843, <kornferry.eu>, Revocation

f the PPR may

be indicated by the volume of the respondent’s domain name registrations. This is the case if the respondent registered a large number of domain names corresponding to trade marks.

CAC Overview


Relevant Decisions:

Memorex Products Europe Limited v. Goallover Limited, CAC 1196, <memorex.eu>, Transfer LOT Polish Airlines v. Alexander Schubert, CAC 1959, <lot.eu>, Transfer SALOMON S.A. v. Vinitsia Ltd., CAC 4269, <salomonsports.eu>, Transfer Reale Mutua Assicurazioni v. Zheng Qingying, CAC 4517, <realemutua.eu>, Transfer New York University in France v. Vinitsia Ltd, CAC 4925, <nyu.eu>, Transfer Fundació Esade v. Zheng Qingying, CAC 3641, <esade.eu>, Transfer FGSPORT S.r.l. v. Zheng Qingying, CAC 3885, <worldsbk.eu>, Transfer Ursula Hahn v. Zheng Qingying, CAC 3444, <ocunet.eu>, Transfer Merck Santé v. Zheng Qingying, CAC 3773, <monot.eu>, Transfer Camlock Systems Limited v. Zheng Qingying, CAC 4515, <camlock.eu>, Transfer SANOFI-AVENTIS v. DE JONG M., CAC 4132, <acompliaoriginal.eu>, Transfer HORMEL FOODS CORPORATION v. Markus Koettl, CAC 568, <spam.eu>, Transfer


VI. DECISIONS ON .EU: JUNE 2007 THROUGH JULY 2013 – CATEGORIZATION

MARIE-EMMANUELLE HAAS

.EU DECISIONS


DECISIONS ON .EU: JUNE 2007 THROUGH JULY 2013

CATEGORIZATION OF THE DECISIONS THAT HAVE BEEN COMMENTED UPON IN THE FRENCH LAW REVIEW

« PROPRIETE INDUSTRIELLE» EDITED BY LEXIS-NEXIS

BY MARIE-EMMANUELLE HAAS, ATTORNEY AT LAW (PARIS BAR)

The categorized decisions have all been administered by the Czech Arbitration Court (CAC), which is in charge of the Alternative Dispute Resolution (ADR) for .eu domain name disputes. The cited decisions have been commented before in French in the Law review “Propriété Industrielle”. Therefore, the categorization comprises the original French title, together with its translation into English and the references of the publication : «Questions de procédure et plainte au nom d’une entité américaine» / «Issues on the procedure and complaint filed by an American entity» (Propriété Industrielle, June 2008, alert 100). SUMMARY 1. Eligibility rules

1.1. Eligibility criteria (Regulation CE n° 733/2002, art. 4.2 b i)

1.2. Revocation (Regulation CE 874/2004, art 22.11) 1.3. Complaint filed against Eurid if the registration does not

comply with the eligibility rules ( Regulation CE n° 733/2002, art. 4.2 d) and Regulation CE 874/2004, art 22.1 b))

1.4. Complaint filed by the licensee (Regulation CE 874/2004, Art . 21.1 and Art. 10.1)

2. Complainant’s rights (Regulation CE 874/2004, Art 22)

2.1 Rights recognised or established by national and/or Community Law (Regulation CE 874/2004, Art 10.1 and Art 21.1)

2.2 Generic terms (Regulation CE 874/2004, Art 10.1)

2.3 Geographical terms (Regulation CE 874/2004, Art 10)

3. Comparison between signs and identity or likelihood of confusion (Regulation CE 874/2004, Art 21.1)

3.1 Generic terms added to a protected name (Regulation CE 874/2004, Art 10 and Regulation CE 874/2004, Art 21.1)


4. Legitimate rights and interest of the Respondent (Regulation CE

874/2004, Art 21.1 (a) and Art. 21.2)

5. Bad faith registration or use (Regulation CE 874/2004 Art. 21.1. b and 21.3)

5.1 Circumstances indicating bad faith registration or acquisition (Regulation CE 874/2004 21.3 a)

5.1.1.1 Bad faith use and offer of the domain name for sale (Regulation CE 874/2004 Art. 21.3 a)

5.1.1.2 Registration of the disputed domain name after a

merger

5.2 Demonstration of a pattern of conduct by the registrant (Regulation CE 874/2004, Art. 21.3 b) i)

5.3 Non-use for 2 years (Regulation CE 874/2004, Art. 21.3 b) ii)

5.4 Use to attract and divert Internet users (Regulation CE 874/2004 Art. 21.3 d)

5.5 Current practices (Regulation CE 874/2004 art 21.3)

5.5.1 Bath faith and parking websites

5.5.2 Bad faith and passive holding 5.6 Bad faith use and modification of the use between the cease

and desist letter and the complaint 5.7 Bad faith and use as an email address

6. Procedure

6.1 Right to file a complaint

6.2 Deadline for the response (Regulation CE 874/2004 Art 22.8), competent Court to challenge the decision (Regulation CE 874/2004 Art 22.13)

6.3 The conduct of the ADR Proceeding shall not be prejudiced by any court proceeding, subject to Paragraph A4(c) above. The Panel shall terminate the ADR Proceeding if it becomes aware that the dispute that is the subject of the Complaint has been finally decided by a court of competent jurisdiction or an alternative dispute resolution body (Regulation CE 733/2002 art.4 d)

.EU DECISIONS


6.4 Language of proceedings (Regulation CE 874/2004 Art. 22.4)

6.5 Burden of proof and investigation power of the Panel (ADR Rules, par. B.7)

7. Complaint (ADR Rules, par. B.1 and B.7)

.EU DECISIONS


1. Eligibility rules 1.1 Eligibility criteria (Regulation CE n° 733/2002, art. 4.2 b i) There must be an « undertaking having its registered office, central administration or principal place of business within the Community ». - « Questions de procédure et plainte au nom d’une entité américaine » / « Issues on the procedure and complaint filed by an American entity » (Propriété Industrielle, June 2008, alert 100) Transfer to the European branch of the American company. <catalinamarketing.eu>, Catalina Marketing Corporation c/ Iwebment Media Limited, 08/04/2008, CAC 04760 1.2 Revocation (Regulation CE 874/2004, art 22.11) If the complainant does not comply with the eligibility rules, it can only request the revocation of the domain name and not the transfer. - « La condition d’éligibilité pour le transfert. Révocation du nom de domaine » / « Eligibility rules and transfer. Revocation of the domain name » (Propriété Industrielle, February 2009, alert 27) <lunesta.eu>, Sepracor Inc. c/ A. A., 22/12/2008, CAC 05174 - « Recevabilité de la demande de révocation d’une société étrangère à l’Union européenne » / « Admissibility of the request for revocation filed by a non-European company » (Propriété Industrielle, May 2009, alert 73) <westat.eu>, Westat Inc. c/ MyInternet Media Ltd. 23/03/2009, CAC 05325

- « Action en révocation d’une société américaine contre un ancien distributeur. Preuve » / « Revocation request filed by an American company against a former reseller »(Propriété Industrielle, September 2010, alert 90) <kgindustries.eu>, KG Industries LLC c/ KG Industries, 27/05/2010, CAC 05572 - « Révocation du nom de domaine antérieur à la marque. Critère de “l’usage légitime, non-commercial et correct“ Eligibilité » / « Revocation of a domain name prior to a trademark. Criteria of the legitimate, non-commercial or fair use » (Propriété Industrielle, January 2010, alert 7) <nordicnaturals.eu>, Nordic Naturals c/ U. K. Domain Developers LTD, 05/11/2009, CAC 05379


- « Révocation du nom de domaine composé du patronyme d’un résident aux Etats-Unis, non éligible au .eu » / « Revocation of a domain name composed of a surname of a person domiciled in the United States, who is not eligible to a .eu domain name » (Propriété Industrielle, octobre 2013, alert 73) <richard-bertossa.eu>, Richard Bertossa c/ Private Registration, 22/07/2013, CAC 06423 1.3 Complaint filed against Eurid if the registration does not

comply with the eligibility rules ( Regulation CE n° 733/2002, art. 4.2 d) and Regulation CE 874/2004, art 22.1 b))

- « Pouvoir d’enquête de l’expert et éligibilité » / « Investigating power of the Panellist and eligibility » (Propriété Industrielle, November 2009, alert 146) <alphonseleduc.eu>, Alphonse Leduc Editions Musicales SARL, Leduc c/ Thompson Edition, Inc., 11/08/2009, CAC 05419 1.4 Complaint filed by the licensee (Regulation CE 874/2004, Art .

21.1 and Art. 10.1) - « Action du requérant licencié de la marque et mauvaise foi » / « Complaint filed by the trademark licensee and bad faith » (Propriété Industrielle, September 2007, alert 111) <enterprisecarrental.eu>, Enterprise Rent a Car c/ Mary Zeng, 04/06/2004, CAC 04337 - « Action conjointe du titulaire et du licencié, transfert au licencié européen » / « Joint complaint filed by the trademark owner and the licensee, transfer to the benefit of the European licensee » (Propriété Industrielle, July/August 2008, alert 120) <jetpilot.eu>, Point of Sports GmbH, n/a c/ Vinitsia Ltd., n/a, 29/04/2008, CAC 04881 <labiosthetique>, Laboratoire Biosthétique Kosmetik GmbH & CO c/ Q.Z., 09/05/2008, CAC 04859. - « Charge de la preuve. Eligibilité. Transfert au licencié exclusif européen » / « Burden of proof. Eligibility. Transfer to the European exclusive licensee » (Propriété Industrielle, December 2008, alert 185) <jibbitz.eu>, Crocs Europe B. V. c/ Jibbitz France, 05/05/2008, CAC 05039 - « Action du licencié de la marque. La preuve de la qualité de licencié est libre » / « Complaint filed by the licensee. The quality of licensee may be proven by any means » (Propriété Industrielle, September 2009, alert 118) <monsterfinance.eu>, Monster Worldwide Ireland Ltd. c/ Monster Finance Ltd. 17/06/2009, CAC 05376

.EU DECISIONS


- « Action du licencié exclusif, site de téléchargement illégal au nom de la marque » / « Complaint filed by the licensee, illegal downloading site using the name of the mark » (Propriété Industrielle, March 2010, alert 33) <linerider.eu>, Koch Media GmbH c/ Eijer Media CAC 05351 - « Pas de forclusion par tolérance. Charge de la preuve » / « No foreclosure by tolerance. Burden of proof » (Propriété Industrielle, September 2010, alert 89) <dinerscards.eu>, Discover Financial Services (UK) Limited, C. B. c/ Dinerscards Ltd. 23/05/2010, CAC 05646 - « La protection d’un sigle dans le domaine de la finance et le transfert au licencié » / « Protection of acronyms in the financial field and transfer to the licensee » (Propriété Industrielle, October 2010, alert 97) <gecredit.eu>, General Electric Company, GE Capital EMEA Services Limited c/ GeCredit Group, O. E., 30/07/2010, CAC 05681

- « Plainte du licencié européen d’un titulaire de marquee non européen» / «Complaint filed by the European licensee of a non-European trademark owner » (Propriété Industrielle, June 2013, alert 44) <bac.eu>, Baltimore Aircoil International nv, L. R. V. c/ Domain Manager Limited, 21/03/2013,CAC 06400 - « Action conjointe du titulaire et du licencié, transfert au licencié européen » / « Joint complaint filed by the trademark owner and the licensee, transfer to the benefit of the European licensee » (Propriété Industrielle, July/August 2013, alert 54) <roundupready.eu>, Monsanto Technology LLC, Monsanto UK Limited c/ Zhoujingjing, Zhou Jingjing, 07/05/2013, CAC 06417 2. Complainant’s rights (Regulation CE 874/2004, Art 22) 2.1 Rights recognised or established by national and/or

Community Law (Regulation CE 874/2004, Art 10.1 and Art 21.1)

- « Groupes internationaux : action d’une entité britannique et marque d’usage » / « International groups: complaint filed by a British entity and mark’s protection based on use » (Propriété Industrielle, October 2007, alert 130) <adina.eu>, Société Adina Europe Limited c/ Fienna.com, 28/08/2007, CAC 04562 - « Pas de droit antérieur sur un terme générique inclus dans des marques semi-figuratives ou sur un nom de domaine en .pl » / « No prior right on a generic term included in semi-figurative trademarks or in a .pl domain name » (Propriété Industrielle, October 2008, alert 153)


<oferta.eu>, T. L. c/ L. P., 15/06/2008, CAC 04996 - « Droit reconnu par le droit national britannique. Whois : données fantaisistes » / « Right recognised by national British law. Whois: fanciful data » (Propriété Industrielle, December 2008, alert 186) <byronadvertising.eu>, Byron Publicity Limited, Byron Publicity c/ O. F., 20/10/2008, CAC 05118 - « Nom de domaine et preuve d’un droit reconnu ou établi par le droit national et/ou communautaire » / « Domain name and proof of a right recognised by national and/or Community law » (Propriété Industrielle, February 2009, alert 25) <amx.eu>, AMX (UK) Ltd., Steven John Harrison c/ H. K., 05/08/2008, CAC 05165 - « Dénomination sociale italienne. Absence de réponse à la plainte et acquiescement. Pouvoir d’enquête de l’expert » / « Italian company name. No response to the complaint and tolerance; panellists right to investigate » (Propriété Industrielle, March 2012, alert 19) <euroclima.eu>, Euroclima S. P. A. c/ World Online Endeavours Ltd., 20/01/2012, CAC 06139

- « Droit antérieur. Marque australienne » / « Prior right. Australian trademark » (Propriété Industrielle, April 2013, alert 29) <recovermyfiles.eu>, GetData Pty Ltd, Graham Henley c/ Recover my files Co. Ltd., Matthew Settles, 20/12/2012, CAC 06343 2.2 Generic terms (Regulation CE 874/2004, Art 10.1)

- « Marque semi-figurative faiblement distinctive et droit antérieur » / « Semi-figurative weakly distinctive trademark and prior right » (Propriété Industrielle, June 2008, alert 99) <babywell.eu>, Brand Scout GmbH c/ G. G., 27/03/2008, CAC 04863

- « Pas de droit antérieur sur un terme générique inclus dans des marques semi-figuratives ou sur un nom de domaine en .pl » / « No prior right on a generic term included in semi-figurative trademarks or in a .pl domain name » (Propriété Industrielle, October 2008, alert 153) <oferta.eu>, T. L. c/ L. P., 15/06/2008, CAC 04996 - « Emirates : nom générique ou marque notoire » / « Emirates : generic term or well-known trademark » (Propriété Industrielle, November 2009, alert 147) <emirates.eu>, Emirates (A Dubaï Corporation) c/ S. R. B., 22/08/2009, CAC 05405

.EU DECISIONS


- « Marque non utilisée depuis 2002, dénomination peu distinctive, charge de la preuve : rejet de la plainte » / « Trademark not used since 2002, weakly distinctive denomination, burden of proof : complaint rejected » (Propriété Industrielle, May 2010, alert 57) <europay.eu>, MasterCard Europe SPRL c/ L. S. 11/02/2010, CAC 05543 - « Nom de domaine descriptif : rejet de la plainte » / « Non distinctive domain name: complaint rejected » (Propriété Industrielle, October 2011, alert 77) <escort-date.eu>, Creativ Supportgroup BV c/ DD GmbH, 28/06/2011, CAC 02048 - « Procédure ADR et termes génériques » / « ADR procedure and generic terms » (Propriété Industrielle, November 2007, alert 151) <emprunt.eu> et <placement.eu>, D. Motte c/ Ovidio Limited, 20/09/2007, CAC 04526

- « Libre concurrence et termes génériques » / « Free competition and generic terms » (Propriété Industrielle, February 2008, alert 24) <booking.eu>, Booking.com B. V. and Bookings S.A.S. c/ D. G. I., 19/12/2007, CAC 04687

- « Le débat sur l’usage sérieux et sur l’absence de protection des termes descriptifs » / « Debate on genuine use and lack of protection of descriptive terms » (Propriété Industrielle, March 2008, alert 42) <motorshowbolognafiere.eu>, Fiere Internazionali di Bologna S. P. A. c/ Lexicon Media Ltd. 17/01/2008, CAC 04261 - « Nom générique et mauvaise foi » / « Generic term and bad faith » (Propriété Industrielle, December 2008, alert 187) <romantik.eu>, Romantik Hotels & Restaurants GmbH & Co KG c/ Kausani Enterprises Ltd., 21/10/2008, CAC 05128 - « Terme du dictionnaire. Enregistrement automatisé suite à retombée dans le domaine public et remise en vente. Absence de droit ou d’intérêt légitime » / « Term in the dictionary. Automatized registration pursuant to the radiation and offer for sale. Lack of right or legitimate interest » (Propriété Industrielle, September 2012, alert 57) <remarkable.eu>, M. J. c/ Remarkable Europe, 09/04/2012, CAC 06199 2.3 Geographical terms (Regulation CE 874/2004, Art 10)

- « Convoitises sur les noms géographiques » / « Coveted geographical names » (Propriété Industrielle, February 2008, alert 23) <davos.eu>, ISI Service GmbH c/ H. Klomp, 10/12/2007, CAC 04646


- « Nom de pays : quelle protection pour l’ancienne DDR ? » / « Country names: what protection for the former DDR ? » (Propriété Industrielle, November 2008, alert 170) <ddr-museum.eu>, DDR Museum Berlin GmbH c/ Z. Q. 04/09/2008, CAC 05094 3. Comparison between signs and identity or likelihood of

confusion (Regulation CE 874/2004, Art 21.1) 3.1 Generic terms added to a protected name (Regulation CE

874/2004, Art 10 and Regulation CE 874/2004, Art 21.1)

- « Sigle GLS d’une société allemande suivi de termes descriptifs allemands » / « GLS, name of a German company, associated with German descriptive terms » (Propriété Industrielle, March 2008, alert 41) <gls-bank.eu>, <gls-gemeinschaftsbank.eu> et <glstreuhand.eu>, GLS Gemeinschaftsbank eG c/ Z. Q. , 04/01/2008, CAC 04656 - « Reprise de la marque associée à la désignation d’un produit » / « Name of the product added to the trademark » (Propriété Industrielle, April 2009, alert 58) <chupachupswatches.eu>, Perfetti Van Melle SpA c/ MyInternet Media Ltd. 18/02/2009, CAC 05092 - « Marque et terme générique. Parking. Mise en vente » / « Trademark and generic term. Parking. Offer for sale » (Propriété Industrielle, November 2012, alert 72) <pastabarilla.eu>, G. e R. Fratelli S.p.A. c/ Future City di Salvaderi Enea, Enea Salvaderi, 06/09/2012, CAC 06282 - « Déclinaison d’une marque connue. Risque de confusion et usage antérieur à la notification de la plainte » / « Variation of a known trademark. Risk of confusion and use prior to notification of the complaint » (Propriété Industrielle, October 2012, alert 64) <clarkssale.eu>, <claksstore.eu> et <claksonline.eu>, C. & J. Clark International Limited c/ F. P., 15/05/2012, CAC 06219 4. Legitimate rights and interest of the Respondent (Regulation

CE 874/2004, Art 21.1 (a) and Art. 21.2)

- « Droit ou intérêt légitime et traduction des pièces » / « Right or legitimate interest and translation of exhibits » (Propriété Industrielle, September 2007, alert 113) <simtek.eu>, Simtek Präzisionswerkzeuge GmbH c/ Lexicon Media Ltd. (sept 2007) CAC 04371

.EU DECISIONS


- « Le caractère distinctif du signe est un indice de l’absence de droit ou d’intérêt légitime » / « The distinctiveness of the sign is an indication of the absence of right or legitimate interest » (Propriété Industrielle, December 2007, alert 167) <sponda.eu>, Sponda Oyj, Juha Eronen c/ UK Domain Developers, Ltd, 04/10/2007, CAC 04492 - « L’absence d’intérêt légitime et la procédure accélérée d’enregistrement de marque Benelux » / « Lack of legitimate interest and accelerated registration procedure for Benelux trademark » (Propriété Industrielle, January 2008, alert 6) <private.eu>, Cine Craft Ltd. c/ Traffic Web Holding B. V., 15/11/2007, CAC 04608 - « Les indices de l’absence de droit ou d’intérêt légitime » / « Indicators of the absence of right or legitimate interest » (Propriété Industrielle, February 2008, alert 22) <nexcom.eu>, Nexcom UK Ltd. c/ Lehigh Basin Ltd., 04/12/2007, CAC 04668 - « Transferts successifs d’un nom de domaine, indices concordants de l’absence de droit ou d’intérêt légitime » / « Successive transfers of a domain name, corroborating evidences of the absence of right or legitimate interest » (Propriété Industrielle, October 2008, alert 154) <sotinco.eu>, C. I. N. et Lacose-Sotinco – Tintas e Vernizes, Soc. Unip. Lda c/ K. P, 17/06/2008 CAC 04921 - « Rejet de la plainte : droit légitime du titulaire et absence de mauvaise foi » / « Complaint rejected: registrant’s legitimate right and lack of bad faith » (Propriété Industrielle, March 2009, alert 41) <idmacif.eu>, Macif c/ M. M. H. 05/01/2009, CAC 05236 - « Intérêt légitime et absence de mauvaise foi : rejet de la plainte » / « Legitimate interest and lack of bad faith : complaint rejected » (Propriété Industrielle, May 2009, alert 72) <euroairport.eu>, Aéroport de Bale Mulhouse, R. J. c/ D. F., 16/03/2009, CAC 05309 - « Plainte rejetée car usage légitime de <harrypotterlego.eu> » / « Complaint rejected because of a legitimate use of <harrypotterlego.eu> » (Propriété Industrielle, July/August 2011, alert 60) <harrypotterlego.eu>, Lego Juris A/S c/ J. F., 02/05/2011, CAC 05957 - « Rejet de la plainte pour droit et intérêt légitime et absence de mauvaise foi. Patronyme » / « Complaint rejected: right and legitimate interest and lack of bad faith. Surname » (Propriété Industrielle, December 2011, alert 97) <spalding.eu>, SGG Lisco LLC c/ J. S., 30/09/2011, CAC 06116


- « Nom de domaine enregistré par le représentant légal aux termes d’un contrat. Plainte rejetée » / « Domain name registered by the legal representative pursuant to an agreement. Complaint rejected » (Propriété Industrielle, December 2012, alert 79) <viaservice.eu>, Via Servis Ltd. Branch Autria, Vera Skala, MBA c/ A.T., 21/10/2012, CAC 06324

- « Transfert d’un nom de domaine exploité pour un site parking », l’usage pour un site parking n’est pas une offre de services de bonne foi / « Transfer of a domain name used for a parking site, using a domain name for a parking website is not a fair commercila use » (Propriété Industrielle, March 2013, alert 21) <bravosolution.eu>, BravoSolution SpA, C.G.K. c/ S. B, 21/12/2012, CAC 06369 - « Intérêt légitime et usage antérieur, circonstances trop complexes, affaire hors du champ de compétence de l’expert, rejet / Legitimate interest and prior use, circumstances are too complex, case beyond the scope of the expert’s power, rejection (Propriété Industrielle, June 2013, alert 64) <infosup.eu>, Educinvest c/ Informatique Campus, 07/06/2013, CAC 06470 5. Bad faith registration or use (Regulation CE 874/2004 Art. 21.1.

b and 21.3) 5.1 Circumstances indicating bad faith registration or acquisition

(Regulation CE 874/2004 21.3 a)

- « La coexistence passée indice de bonne foi et la charge de la preuve » / « Past coexistence indication of good faith and the burden of proof » (Propriété Industrielle, October 2007, alert 128) <assembleedidio.eu>, di Vito Marinelli Ditta Individuale c/ Vito Marinelli Assemblee di Dio in Italia, 19/07/2007, CAC 04498 - « Litige entre titulaires de marques et règle du « premier arrivé, premier servi » » / « Disputes between trademark holders and « first come, first served » rule » (Propriété Industrielle, November 2007, alert 150) <lotto.eu>, Deutsche Lotto Marketing GmbH c/ György Pintz, 08/09/2007, CAC 04547 - « Néologisme et mauvaise foi » / « Neologism and bad faith » (Propriété Industrielle, May 2008, alert 82) <sustiva.eu>, Bristol-Myers Squibb Pharma Company c/ Hanoki, Ltd. 07/03/2008, CAC 04722

.EU DECISIONS


- « Mauvaise foi et nom de domaine utilisé pour du phishing » / « Bad faith and domain name used for phishing » (Propriété Industrielle, October 2008, alert 155) <cajarloja.eu>, Caya de ahorros de la rioja c/ K. S. 13/07/2008, CAC 04968 - « Enregistrement de mauvaise foi et « type de comportement » du titulaire du nom de domaine » / « Bad faith registration and « type of behaviour » of the domain name’s holder » (Propriété Industrielle, December 2009, alert 163) <epsonoffer.eu>, Epson Europe B. V. c/ Demys Limited, Tim Brown c/o C. I., 19/10/2009, CAC 05455 - « Nom de domaine enregistré par le fournisseur d’accès Internet : transfert » / « Domain name registered by the ISP: transfer » (Propriété Industrielle, June 2010, alert 71) <tres.eu>, P. C. G. c/ B. Z., 02/03/2010, CAC 05532 - « Notoriété et mauvaise foi. Preuve » / « Famous trademark and bad faith. Evidence » (Propriété Industrielle, March 2011, alert 20) <casino-partouche.eu>, Groupe Partouche c/ V. P., 17/01/2011, CAC 05894 - « Marque postérieure au nom de domaine. Enregistrement et usage de mauvaise foi » / « Trademark preceding domain name. Registration and use in bad faith »(Propriété Industrielle, May 2011, alert 40) <redtube.eu>, Jager & Polacek GmbH c/ J. D., 28/02/2011, 05891 - « Absence de réponse à la plainte et acquiescement. Redirection du nom de domaine » / « No response to the complaint and tolarance. Redirection of the domain name » (Propriété Industrielle, April 2012, alert 29) <suncasino.eu>, Sté des Bains de mer et du Cercle des étrangers à Monaco c/ J. M., 07/12/2012, CAC 06166 5.1.1 Bad faith use and offer of the domain name for sale

(Regulation CE 874/2004 Art. 21.3 a)

- « La prise en compte de l’intention pour caractériser la mauvaise foi, par référence à une décision UDRP » / « Taking into account the intention to prove bad faith, by reference to a UDRP decision » (Propriété Industrielle, December 2007, alert 168) <myhome.eu>, My Home Limited c/ MyHome S.A., 05/10/2007, CAC 04560


- « La mise en vente du nom de domaine : critère de l’enregistrement de mauvaise foi » / « The offer for sale of the domain name: criterion of bad faith registration » (Propriété Industrielle, March 2008, alert 43) <cyworld.eu>, Cyworld Europe GmbH c/ Kausani Enterprises Ltd. 28/01/2008 CAC 04759

- « Mise en vente du nom de domaine et mauvaise foi » / « Offer for sale of the domain name and bad faith » (Propriété Industrielle, November 2008, alert 169) <heitronic.eu>, H. Vollmer GmbH c/ Z. Q., 11/07/2008, CAC 04970 - « Caractère distinctif de la marque antérieure Telekom acquis par l’usage et reconnu par les tribunaux : enregistrement de mauvaise foi et transfert de <telekom24.eu> » / « Distinctive character of the prior trademark Telekom acquired through use and recognized by the Courts: bad faith registration and transfer of <telekom24.eu> » (Propriété Industrielle, September 2009, alert 117) <telekom24.eu>, Deutsche Telekom AG c/ Citrusnet, 27/04/2009, CAC 05347 - « Marque et terme générique. Parking. Mise en vente » / « Trademark and generic term. Parking. Offer for sale » (Propriété Industrielle, November 2012, alert 72) <pastabarilla.eu>, G. e R. Fratelli S.p.A. c/ Future City di Salvaderi Enea, Enea Salvaderi, 06/09/2012, CAC 06282 5.1.2 Registration of the disputed domain name after a merger - « Annonce d’une fusion suivie de l’enregistrement du nom de domaine par un tiers » / « Announcement of a merger followed by the registration of the domain name by a third party » (Propriété Industrielle, April 2010, alert 46) <morganstanleysmithbarney.eu>, Morgan Stanley Smith Barney Holdings (UK) Limited, S. C. c/ morganstanleysmithbarneymorganstanley, 25/01/2010, CAC 05486 - « Annonce d’une fusion et enregistrement par un tiers du nom de domaine de la nouvelle entité : transfert » / « Announcement of a merger and registration by a third party of the domain name of the new entity: transfer » (Propriété Industrielle, June 2010, alert 70) <unicajasur.eu>, Montes de Piedad y caja de ahorros de Ronda, Cadiz, Almeria, Malaga y Antequera (Unicaja), Salvador Pérez Mérida c/ Interdominios, 22/02/2010, CAC 05527

.EU DECISIONS


5.2 Demonstration of a pattern of conduct by the registrant (Regulation CE 874/2004, Art. 21.3 b) i) - « Mauvaise foi : la prise en compte de huit décisions ADR concernant le même titulaire » / « Bad faith : consideration of eight ADR decisions concerning the same holder » (Propriété Industrielle, December 2007, alert 169) <camlock.eu>, Camlock Systems Limited c/ Monsieur Z. Q., 21/10/2007, CAC 04515 - « L’enregistrement par un tiers le jour de la retombée dans le domaine public » / « Registration by a third party the same day that the domain name re-entered the public domain » (Propriété Industrielle, January 2008, alert 7) <bayergarden.eu>, Bayer A. G. c/ Z. Q., 15/11/2007 CAC 04661 5.3 Non-use for 2 years (Regulation CE 874/2004, Art. 21.3 b) ii)

- « Mauvaise foi et nom de domaine non utilisé pendant deux ans, patronyme » / « Bad faith and domain name not used for two years, surname » (Propriété Industrielle, March 2009, alert 42) <haug.eu>, Haug GmbH & Co. K. G. c/ M. W. H., 12/01/2009, CAC 05208 - « Mauvaise foi et nom de domaine non utilisé pendant deux ans » / « Bad faith and domain name not used for two years » (Propriété Industrielle, March 2009, alert 43) <staer.eu>, Staer International SA c/ Pagini Favorite SRL LTD, 05/01/2009, CAC 04990 - « Usage du nom de domaine pendant deux ans et enregistrement de mauvaise foi » / « Use of the domain name for two years and bad faith registration » (Propriété Industrielle, April 2009, alert 57) <boltze.eu>, Boltze Gruppe, GmbH c/ B. B., 26/01/2009, CAC 05231 - « Action conjointe de plusieurs entités, absence d’usage pendant deux ans » / « Joint action of several entities, lack of use for two years » (Propriété Industrielle, July/August 2009, alert 102) <zappmedia.eu>, Zappmedia GmbH, Zappmedia Holding GmbH, US c/ Mandarin & Pacific Services Ltd., 04/03/2009, CAC 05249 - « Enregistrement de mauvaise foi et absence d’usage pendant deux ans : rejet de la plainte. Définition de l’usage du nom de domaine. Echanges supplémentaires entre les parties acceptés par l’expert » / « Bad faith registration and lack of use for two years: complaint rejected. Definition of the use of the domain name. Further exchanges between the parties accepted by the Panel » (Propriété Industrielle, December 2009, alert 162)


<nobilia.eu>, Nobilia-Werke J. Stickling GmbH & Co. KG c/ A. S., 21/09/2009, CAC 05450 - « Mauvaise foi et absence d’usage pendant deux ans » / « Bad faith and lack of use for two years » (Propriété Industrielle, November 2010, alert 107) <foen.eu>, Fontaine Engineering und Maschinen GmbH c/ 1

st Gelox

GmbH, 09/08/2009, CAC 05730 - « Mauvaise foi et absence d’usage pendant deux ans : de l’intérêt de l’usage » / «Bad faith and lack of use for two years : about the interest of use» (Propriété Industrielle, January 2011, alert 4) <enagas.eu>, Enagas SA c/ SIA Zirafe L., 17/11/2010, CAC 05755 - « Absence d’usage pendant deux ans et mauvaise foi. Moyens de preuve » / «Lack of use for two years and bad faith. Evidence» (Propriété Industrielle, February 2011, alert 12) <kraus.eu>, Walter Kraus GmbH c/ Kraus GmbH, 02/12/2010, CAC 05797 - « Absence d’usage du nom de domaine pendant deux ans et indice de la mauvaise foi » / « Lack of use of the domain name for two years and indicator of bad faith » (Propriété Industrielle, June 2011, alert 50) <inbox.eu>, Inbokss SIA c/ Worldwide Brands BVBA, 06/04/2011, CAC 05892 - « Absence d’usage du nom de domaine pendant deux ans et indice de la mauvaise foi » / « Lack of use of the domain name for two years and indicator of bad faith » (Propriété Industrielle, September 2011, alert 69) <fabricom.eu>, Fabricom c/ Citizen Engineering Services Ltd., 26/05/2011, CAC 05922 - « Absence d’usage pendant deux ans et mauvaise foi » / «Lack of use for two years and bad faith (Propriété Industrielle, May 2013, alert 37) <511tactical.eu>, 5.11 c/ Interal Team Ltd., 17/02/2013, CAC 06366 5.4 Use to attract and divert Internet users (Regulation CE 874/2004 Art. 21.3 d)

- « Détournement des internautes et mauvaise foi » / « Diversion of Internet users and bad faith » (Propriété Industrielle, May 2008, alert 81) <thesting.eu>, Mills Brothers B. V. c/ OEEO Networks Limited, 03/03/2008, CAC 04725

.EU DECISIONS


- « Mauvaise foi et usage potentiel du nom de domaine » / « Bad faith and potential use of the domain name » (Propriété Industrielle, June 2008, alert 101) <labco.eu>, Labco S. A. S., Lucie Boedts c/ Q. Z., 21/04/2008, CAC 04880 - « Reroutage vers un autre site, modification des données Whois et usage de mauvaise foi » / « Redirection to another site, modification of Whois data and bad faith use » (Propriété Industrielle, January 2012, alert 4) <eucor.eu>, EuCor GmbH & Co. KG c/ J. H., 16/11/2011, CAC 06104 5.5 Current practices (Regulation CE 874/2004 art 21.3) 5.5.1 Bath faith and parking websites

- « Comparaison des signes et usage de mauvaise foi » / « Comparison of signs and bad faith use » (Propriété Industrielle, November 2007, alert 149) <maerskoil.eu>, Maersk Olie og Gas AS, Majbritt Perotti c/ Stephen Smith, 07/09/2007 CAC 04387 - « Les marques renommées sont exposées au piratage : l’exemple d’Air France » / « Reputed trademarks are exposed to cybersquatting : the example of Air France » (Propriété Industrielle, January 2008, alert 5) <airfranceonline.eu>, Société Air France c/ Ibiz Hosting, 12/11/2007, CAC 04645 - « Marque semi-figurative faiblement distinctive et droit antérieur » / « Weakly distinctive semi-figurative trademarks and prior right » (Propriété Industrielle, June 2008, alert 99) <babywell.eu>, Brand Scout GmbH c/ G. G., 27/03/2008, CAC 04863 - « Conséquence du défaut de réponse à la plainte. Eligibilité et site parking » / « Consequence of the absence of response to the complaint. Eligibility and parking site » (Propriété Industrielle, November 2011, alert 88) <porsche-magazin.eu> et <porschemagazin.eu>, Porsche AG c/ International News u. Marketing Limited 08/09/2011, CAC 06045 - « Parking et absence de droit ou d’intérêt légitime. Charge de la preuve » / « Parking and lack of right or legitimate interest. Burden of proof » (Propriété Industrielle, February 2012, alert 13) <rayon.eu>, Dr. W. K. c/ J. P. K., 13/12/2011, CAC 06107 - « Marque et terme générique. Parking. Mise en vente » / « Trademark and generic term. Parking. Offer for sale » (Propriété Industrielle, November 2012, alert 72)


<pastabarilla.eu>, G. e R. Fratelli S.p.A. c/ Future City di Salvaderi Enea, Enea Salvaderi, 06/09/2012, CAC 06282 - « Transfert d’un nom de domaine exploité pour un site parking » / « Transfer of a domain name used for a parking site » (Propriété Industrielle, March 2013, alert 21) <bravosolution.eu>, BravoSolution SpA, C.G.K. c/ S. B, 21/12/2012, CAC 06369 - « Transfert d’un nom de domaine exploité pour un site parking et marque de renommée » / « Transfer of a domain name used for a parking site and trademark with reputation» (Propriété Industrielle, July/August 2013, alert 54) <roundupready.eu>, Monsanto Technology LLC, Monsanto UK Limited c/ Zhoujingjing, Zhou Jingjing, 07/05/2013, CAC 06417 5.5.2 Bad faith and passive holding - « Procédure ADR et nom de domaine actif, mauvaise foi et détention passive » / « ADR procedure and active domain name, bad faith and passive holding » (Propriété Industrielle, September 2007, alert 112) <airfranceairlines.eu>, Air France c/ Meyer & Partenaires, 15/06/2007, CAC 04319 - « Absence d’usage et faisceau de preuves de la mauvaise foi » / « Lack of use and evidence of bad faith » (Propriété Industrielle, July/August 2009, alert 102) <zappmedia.eu>, Intesa Sanpaolo SpA. c/ Iwebment Media Limited, J. J., 04/03/2009, CAC 05249 5.6 Bad faith use and modification of the use between the cease

and desist letter and the complaint

- « Moyen de preuve de l’usage du nom de domaine. Changement d’usage entre la mise en demeure et la plainte » / « Means of proof of the use of a domain name. Modification of the use between the cease and desist letter and the complaint » (Propriété Industrielle, July/August 2012, alert 50) <tororosso.eu>, Red Bull c/ Manticore Kereskedelmi és Szolgáltató Korlátolt Felelósségü Társaság, 26/03/2012, CAC 06216 5.7 Bad faith and use as an email address

- « Fonctions du nom de domaine. Messagerie électronique. Transfert » / « Functions of a domain name. E-mail. Transfer » (Propriété Industrielle, June 2012, alert 44) <informatique-cdc.eu>, Informatique CDC c/ D. E., 29/02/2012, CAC 06161

.EU DECISIONS


- « Usage du nom de domaine comme adresse électronique et absence de mauvaise foi : rejet de la plainte » / « Use of the domain name as an email address and lack of bad faith : complaint rejected » (Propriété Industrielle, February 2010, alert 19) <hoefer.eu>, Hoefer & Partner Patentanwälte c/ M. T. H., Inc., 12/12/2009, CAC 05482 6. Procedure 6.1 Right to file a complaint - « Procédure ADR et action popularis : du droit à agir » / « ADR procedure and popularis action : about the right to file a complaint » (Propriété Industrielle, October 2007, alert 129) <labrada.eu>, Labrada Bodybuilding Nutrition Inc. c/ T. K., 31/07/2007, CAC 04396 6.2 Deadline for the response (Regulation CE 874/2004 Art 22.8),

competent Court to challenge the decision (Regulation CE 874/2004 Art 22.13)

- « Réponse tardive à la plainte, compétence en cas de recours, résidence effective dans la Communauté, charge de la preuve » / « Late response to the complaint, jurisdiction in case the decision is challenged, effective residence in the Community, burden of proof » (Propriété Industrielle, November 2008, alert 171) <benq.eu>, BenQ Europe B. V. c/ Z. Q., 04/09/2008 ; CAC 05002 6.3 The conduct of the ADR Proceeding shall not be prejudiced by

any court proceeding, subject to Paragraph A4(c) above. The Panel shall terminate the ADR Proceeding if it becomes aware that the dispute that is the subject of the Complaint has been finally decided by a court of competent jurisdiction or an alternative dispute resolution body (Regulation CE 733/2002 art.4 d)

- « Procédure ADR et procédure judiciaire en cours, pouvoirs de l’expert » / « ADR procedure and pending court proceedings, powers of the Panel » (Propriété Industrielle, April 2009, alert 59) <kedke.eu>, Central Union of Municipalities and Communities of Greece (KEDKE) c/ Z. Q., 22/02/2009, CAC 05282 - « Action judiciaire et procédure ADR » / « Lawsuit and ADR procedure » (Propriété Industrielle, July/August 2009, alert 103) <jack-wolfskin.eu>, Jack Wolfskin Ausrüstung für Draussen GmbH & Co. KGaA, M. H. c/ THD Concept, T. H. 04/03/2009, CAC 04544


- « Procédure judiciaire : pas de suspension de la procédure ADR » / « Court proceedings : no suspension of the ADR procedure » (Propriété Industrielle, March 2010, alert 34) <pokecik.eu>, Azet.sk, a.s., Ing. P. B. c/ Business Corporation Inc., 29/12/2009 CAC 05509 6.4 Language of proceedings (Regulation CE 874/2004 Art. 22.4) - « Noms de capitales et langue de la procédure » / « Names of capitals and language of the procedure » (Propriété Industrielle, May 2008, alert 83) <prague.eu>, Hlavnf mesto Praha c/ Traffic Web Holding B. V., 18/03/2008, CAC 04681 6.5 Burden of proof and investigation power of the Panel (ADR Rules, par. B.7)

- « Charge de la preuve de l’absence de droit et d’intérêt légitime. Pouvoirs de l’expert » / « Burden of proof of the absence of right and legitimate interest. Powers of the Panel » (Propriété Industrielle, February 2009, alert 26) <yakult.eu>, Yakult Europe BV c/ M. W., 01/12/2008, CAC 05156 7. Complaint (ADR Rules, par. B.1 and B.7) - « Qualité de la plainte. Charge de la preuve. Mission de l’expert et rôle de l’institution de règlement » / « Quality of the complaint. Burden of proof. Mission of the Panel and role of the ADR provider » (Propriété Industrielle, July/August 2010, alert 81) <noonan.eu>, Noonan Services Group c/ OEEO Networks Limited, 25/03/2010, CAC 05578 - « Rejet de la plainte mal rédigée et incomplète » / « Rejection of a poorly drafted and incomplete complaint » (Propriété Industrielle, December 2010, alert 116) <swiss.eu>, Anyro & Co Sp. Zoo c/ Traffic Web Holding BV, BHM van der Heijden, 03/09/2010, CAC 05720 Marie-Emmanuelle HAAS Attorney at Law (Paris Bar) Chair of the ECTA Internet Committee

ecat law book domain names

Documents

eu domain

level domain

amending regulation

domain tld

public policy rules

registration policy

adr rules

adr supplemental rules