ec-fhwa session on january 10, 2018, washington dc,...
TRANSCRIPT
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EC-FHWA Session on January 10, 2018,
Washington DC, USA
“Sharing Innovative and Tested Practices in
Sustainable Urban Mobility in EU and US Cities”
For more information, please visit:
http://civitas.eu/event/transport-research-board-meeting-
2018-sustainable-urban-mobility-session
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Urban mobility in Europe: Key challenges & policies
• Congestion
• Road safety
• Air pollution and climate
change
– 70% of pollutant emissions
caused
by urban traffic
• Journey time reliability
• Physical inactivity
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In urban areas, 68% of road fatalities are vulnerable road users (VRUs) (2011/12) - EC Road Safety Vademecum
The Lancet 2012
Around 600.000 EU citizens die
prematurely every year,
hundreds of thousands of other
people suffer from illness due to
preventable causes, such as
pollution from exhausts of
diesel vehicles, and nitrogen
dioxide (WHO 2015)
HEAT tool
Quantifying the economic
health benefits of active travel
Addressing multiple societal
challenges in one go
Unlock investment in active
travel across different policy
domains
Enhanced traffic modelling
Put active travel on equal footing
Data and apps
Use tracking data to analyse
mobility behaviour
and optimise policy
Apps and awareness raising
Gamification
Electromobility Evidence-based decision making
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Mobility as a Service
• Positive if
– Promoting sustainable travel
– Improving efficiency
– Leveraging personalized approach
• Risks of purely commercial approach
– Dis-incentivising sustainable trips
– Higher costs for the user or transport provider and
unequal services
– Creating a disconnect between user, transport
provider and transport authority
28 February 2018
4 Automated vehicles
Travel behaviour
+: removal of private cars in favour of sust.modes
-: projected increase in kms travelled
Spatial
+ Redundant off and on-street parking
- Urban sprawl and longer commuting trips
Social
+ Enhance accessibility
- Risk of increased social division if market-driven
Road safety
+ Reduction of driver distraction
- intermediate levels
- Interaction with non-automated road users
Ethical issues
Traffic efficiency
+ Richer data for traffic management
- Road space management - “More pain than gain” in
short-medium term due to co-existence and higher
safety margins
Infrastructure
Investments depend on AV implementation path
New business models must be found
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Sustainable Urban Mobility Plans –
The European approach to an integrated
set of policies and measures
The challenges: How can Europe reach its ambitious policy goals? How can
cities and metropolitan regions develop effective mobility policies? And how
can this be coordinated across Europe?
The EU’s solution: Sustainable Urban Mobility Plans (SUMP)
Long-term development vision based on performance assessment.
Balanced and integrated development of all transport modes
High level of cooperation and coordination between all authorities in the “functional city”.
Transparent and participatory approach.
Monitoring and quality control
Implementation encouraged through funding and practical support
SUMP = Guidance for a
Quality Planning Process
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Supported by CIVITAS and other EU Initiatives!
What measures are European cities implementing in their
SUMPs?
SUMP: integration of vision & policy goals,
synergies in implementation & operation, and monitoring & evaluation
More information: www.civitas.eu www.eltis.org
Car
Independent Lifestyles
Collective
passenger
transport
Demand
management
strategies
Safety and
security
Transport
telematics
(C-ITS)
Urban
Freight
logistics
Clean fuels
and vehicles
Mobility
management
Public
involvement
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Advanced Transportation and Congestion
Management Technologies Deployment (ATCMTD)
Awards in 2016 & 2017 • 2016 - applications received from ~90 entities.
• 8 projects were selected for award.
– https://www.transportation.gov/Briefing-Room/Advanced-Technology-Transportation-Projects
– https://www.transportation.gov/Briefing-Room/ATCMTD-Fact-Sheet-2016
– https://ops.fhwa.dot.gov/fastact/atcmtd/fy16awards/index.htm
• 2017 - applications received from ~70 entities.
• 10 projects were selected for award.
– https://www.fhwa.dot.gov/pressroom/fhwa1717.cfm
– https://ops.fhwa.dot.gov/fastact/atcmtd/2017/awards/index.htm
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6 ATCMTD Program Awards, 2016 and 2017
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9
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2016 Sandbox Projects At a
Glance
https://www.transit.dot.gov/research-innovation/mobility-
demand-mod-sandbox-program.html
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Curbspace: A Precious Asset
District’s Curbside
(26,000 block faces)
Metered parking
(2,200)
Residential Permit Parking
(10,500)
No parking/standing
Unrestricted Restricted
Auto
Transit
Bikes
Charging
Stations
Trucks
Taxi
Motorcycles
Tour Buses
Commercial
Vehicles
Car Sharing/
Car to Go
Food Trucks
Residents
Commuters
Visitors
Dining
Entertainment
Shopping
Deliveries
Places of
Worship
Competing
Users Competing
Modes
400,000 parking spaces in DC – 260,000 on-street
~1,400 miles of public curbside
~212,000 registered vehicles, 41,000 RPP permits
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Repurposing Curbside
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2
Michael Glotz-Richter, City of Bremen
(Senior project manager ‚sustainable mobility‘)
ELIPTIC coordination
Electrification of public transport in cities
results and lessons learned from the ELIPTIC project
Starting points cities
Brussels
Starting points cities
CO2 emission Germany (1990 = 100%)
+1% transport
Governmental target 2020: -40%
... before introducing electric vehicles...
...after introducing electric vehicles...
Three thematic technology pillars
Energy efficient
electric PT
system
Multi-purpose
use of electric
PT infrastructure
E-buses
Safe integration into
existing electric PT
infrastructure
Overnight charging (depot)
Opportunity charging (en route) Trolley–battery hybrid bus (charging in motion)
Battery bus long range (180+ miles)
Multi-purpose use of
electric PT infrastructure /
integration car sharing
Factor 100
Passenger car Bus (18m)
Daily usage < 1 hour 12 - 16 hours
Engine size Small (- medium) big
Fuel 50 - 60% Diesel 95 – 98 % Diesel
Annual fuel
consumption
40,000 l Diesel 500 l gasoline/
Diesel
local pollutants Diesel: PM10 + NO2
Gasoline: low
Diesel: PM10 + NO2
Total impact 1 e-bus equals to
app. 100 electric
passenger cars
CO2 emission p.a. ~ 100 to ~ 1,2 to
Factor 100
...but not 100 times financial support for e-buses !
< 1 hrs/d national funding programmes for e-cars:
e.g. Germany 4.000 € (5.000 US $) / car
Additional costs for buses:
e.g. Germany 300.000 € (450.000 US $) / bus
Factor 100
Conference of Environmental Ministers
of the German Laender
Representing
the Ministers for Environment
of all 16 States
Political initiative Germany
Umweltministerkonferenz
Meeting May 2017:
• Stating ‘factor 100’
• Calling for a Federal funding program
• 80% funding of additional costs +
program for recharging infrastructure
• Volume
100 mio € (120 mio US $) p.a.
= 500 e-buses
Political initiative Germany Adoption 5 May 2017
Results „Diesel summit“ Germany
Governmental announcement 3 August 2017:
100 mio € (=120 mio US $) funding program p.a.
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King Street Transit Pilot:
Monitoring and Evaluation
Sharing innovative, tested practices in sustainable urban
mobility in EU and US cities
Scott Fraser
Program Manager, Office of the General Manager
City of Toronto
January 10th, 2018
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• Context – major arterial in downtown core, heart of the financial district
• Existing Conditions - 65,000 streetcar riders, 20,000 vehicles
• Already Attempted – Turn restrictions, no stopping fines, all-door boarding, consolidated stops, supplementary buses
• Streetcar Speeds – 6-8 km/hr – walking often faster
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• Access - Local traffic only, no through movements at most intersections
• Design - right-turn ‘loops’ within the pilot area, no left turns
• Exceptions - transit, Bicycles, Police, Fire, EMS
• Curbspace - designated space for short-term loading, deliveries, public realm activation and taxis
Background Pilot
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Transit Service
• Travel Times/Reliability – on vehicle GPS/AVL
• Ridership – standing/riding counts, APC
Corridor-Person Capacity
• Vehicular Travel Times – 30 Bluetooth detectors
• Multi-modal TMCs – video analytics
Parking
• On/off street utilization
Economic Impacts
• Point-of-sale economic impact study
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Past: Electric Vehicles Charging in Rotterdam
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Present: Tender Charging Points Rotterdam
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Future: What to Expect in Rotterdam
New York City, 2014 - present
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- 23% reduction in traffic fatalities, versus 15% increase in United States
- Ped fatalities down 36% on pre-VZ average overall, down 45% at priority
locations
- Over 450,000 cycling trips per day, becoming safer as more people choose
bikes
- A win for sustainability: 2/3 of total travel by walk, bike, and public transit;
lowest transportation and overall GHG emissions per capita in the nation
- NYC is leading by example with peer cities adopting Vision Zero NYC Pedestrian Fatalities, 2009-
2017 5-year average pre-
VZ at Priority
Locations: 99
2017 vs pre-VZ at
Priority Locations:
-45%
Results of
NYC’s
efforts
Fatalities at non-
Priority Locations
Fatalities at Priority
Locations
Funded by the Horizon 2020
Framework Programme of
the European Union
New modelling approaches taking
account of the congestion reduction
potential of cycling and walking –
results and lessons learned from the
EU FLOW project Karen Vancluysen, POLIS
• 10 January 2018, TRB 2018, Washington, D.C.
• “Sharing innovative, tested practices in sustainable urban mobility in EU and US cities”
Tools for assessing the
congestion-reducing potential of
walking & cycling measures
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Multi-modal Congestion Assessment
Tool Improved micro and macro modelling
software Impact assessment tool
Measure: Pedestrianising a road segment
Location: Dublin, Ireland
• New public square improves mobility and
accommodates 700 more people during rush hour
• Plan has been approved, works scheduled for early
2018
First results from FLOW Partner Cities
4
0
Measure: Reducing pedestrian crossing distances
Location: Lisbon, Portugal
• Narrowing roads to reduce crossing distance for
pedestrians does not increase congestion
+ Integrate the FLOW methodology & impact assessment tool into
current standard transport impact analysis process
Potential long-term impact of FLOW:
paradigm shift
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Big Data for New Mobility Services
• Tilly Chang
• Drew Cooper SAN FRANCISCO COUNTY TRANSPORTATION
AUTHORITY January 10,
2018
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Big Data Partnership
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Intra-SF TNC Trips by Time-of-Day and Day-of-Week Data/Research
Partnership with
Northeastern
University
Collected GPS data
from Lyft/Uber APIs
Used data to estimate
trips
Limitations
Intra-SF only
Trip details are
imputed
Other missing data
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What do TNC Trips Look like in San Francisco?
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Daily TNC Trip Origins by TAZ Intra-SF TNC & Taxi Trip Length
TNCs Taxis
Trips 170,4
00
14,40
0
VMT 569,7
00
65,90
0
Average Total Trip
Length
3.3 4.6
Average In-service
Trip Length
2.6 2.6
Average Out-of-
Service Trip Length
0.7 2.0
% Out-of-Service
Trips Length
21.0% 43.6
%
http://tncstoday.sfcta.org
New technologies for tracking data of cyclists and pedestrians and apps to inform active travel policies
Lessons learned from the EU TRACE project Giuseppe Liguori – SRM Bologna (IT)
Tools tested in TRACE 4
7
1,920 pupils
22 primary schools
3,967 users
>4,000 prizes
2,087 users
180 shops involved
Ongoing analysis
of collected data
• Analogic Vs Digital: who plays better?
• Incentive-based schemes need to be customised for each campaign and target
• App usability, backend system, registration processes, rewarding schemes: keep them simple!
• Data quality and speed (real time) of delivery are fundamental elements
• Thorough testing phases are the basis for successful implementation of campaigns
• Learning share among partners is the added value of project collaboration
• Campaigns management: public, private, both?
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8 Lessons learned
THANK YOU!
For further information contact the project coordinator at INESC ID: Paulo Ferreira, Phone: +351 21 3100230, Email: [email protected]
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Feb-
18
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Should the users of
new mobility services have
a “Bill of Rights?” • A series of questions
Benjamin de la Peña
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Should we have a right to know what other transportation options are
available and what prices/fares are available?
OPTIONS AND FARES
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Should we have the right to be informed immediately if the service provider or vehicle has been hacked or breached?
SURVEILLANCE
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Should we have the right to know what data is being collected about us and our
behavior and movement?
Should we have the right to know who is collecting the data or who the data is
being shared with and used for?
USE OF DATA
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Should we have the right to know how our ride will impact the environment, or congestion, or the quality of life of our
community, or of other externalities our ride may be generating or exacerbating?
A CLEAN ENVIRONMENT
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Should we have a right to non-discriminatory fares that do not overly privilege those who can pay more nor overly encumber those who can only
pay less?
FARES & PRICES
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Should we have right to ride in comfort and dignity?
Should we have a right to be protected (and rescued) from harassment and
molestation, particularly in shared rides?
COMFORT & DIGNITY
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Should we have the right to infrastructure or access to infrastructure
that provides multiple transportation options to help us access necessary
services and provide the mobility we need to get where we want to go?
INFRASTRUCTURE
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Should we have the right to be informed immediately if the service provider or vehicle has been hacked or breached?
DATA BREACHES
EMPOWER
• By Marcel Meeuwissen
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EMPOWER is
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Commute Greener
*Zwitch SMART
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Success factors
Users Technical
Tools Involvement of stakeholders
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GOVERNMENT
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Thanks!!
Marcel Meeuwissen
Drs. M.C.P. (Marcel) Meeuwissen
Senior Consultant Smart Mobility & Cities
City of Enschede
Department of City Development
www.empowerproject.eu
www.mobility-apps.eu https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=yN_NbTLYEtI
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P O R T L A N D O R E G O N . G O V / T R A N S P O R T A T I O N
Advancing the Electric Vehicle Agenda in
Portland
The Portland Way:
A tradition of innovation
Public-private partnerships
P O R T L A N D O R E G O N . G O V / T R A N S P O R T A T I O N
The Evolution of Portland’s EV Ecosystem
Looking beyond cars
New partnerships
Expanding infrastructure
INNNOVATION ACROSS TEXAS
#Open4Innovation
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THE TEXAS TWELVE
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5 4
7 8
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1
1
1
2
1
0
Equity &
Access New
Mobility
Operations &
Infrastructure
Freight &
Logistics
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Texas Connected Freight Corridors
This project has received funding from the European
Union’s Horizon 2020 research and innovation programme under grant agreement No. 723201
Automation-Ready
Framework Bernard Gyergyay - Rupprecht Consult
“Sharing innovative, tested practices in sustainable urban mobility in EU and US cities”
Wednesday 10 January 2018, 2:15 – 5:00 PM
Venue: TRB2018, Walter E. Washington Convention Center, room 306
#H2020CoEXist @H2020_CoEXist
This project has received funding from the European
Union’s Horizon 2020 research and innovation programme under grant agreement No. 723201
www.h2020-coexist.eu
CoEXist in brief • Uncertainties for EU & US Local Authorities
– Current hype creates unrealistic expectations
of the technology (pro-innovation bias)
– (Connected) Infrastructure requirements are
not clearly formulated yet.
– Long transition phase where conventional
vehicles coexist with partially and fully
automated vehicles.
– Result: Automation not mentioned in strategic transport plans
• Objective: – The mission of the H2020 CoEXist project is to systematically increase the capacity of local
authorities and other urban mobility stakeholders to get ready for the transition towards a shared road network with increasing levels of connected and automated vehicles (CAVs)
• Automation-Ready: – Micro- and Macroscopic Transport Modelling
• VISSIM and VISUM
– Hybrid Road Infrastructure
• Automation-ready design recommendations
– Local Transport Policies
• Automation-ready action plans
This project has received funding from the European
Union’s Horizon 2020 research and innovation programme under grant agreement No. 723201
www.h2020-coexist.eu
EU – US Twinning
US Twinning Partner • FHWA (Joe Bared); Leidos (Zhitong Huang) ;
Principal Investigator: Steve Shladover (Berkely PATH)
• Phase 1: Development of an Analysis/Modelling/Simulation Framework for CAV Systems
• Phase 2: Developing AMS Tools for CAV Applications
Twinning Objectives: • Definition of AMS Framework – globally
applicable?
• Sharing of Use Cases / Case Studies
• Exchange on modelling tool development
Twinning Activities: • Quarterly Conference Calls
• Regular face-to-face meetings – 1st meeting 11th Jan 2018 @ TRB
This project has received funding from the European
Union’s Horizon 2020 research and innovation programme under grant agreement No. 723201-2
71 www.h2020-coexist.eu
Thank you for listening
Bernard Gyergyay
The sole responsibility for the content of this document lies with the authors. It does not
necessarily reflect the opinion of the European Union. Neither the EASME nor the European
Commission are responsible for any use that may be made of the information contained
therein.
#H2020CoEXist
@H2020_CoEXist
This project has received funding from the European
Union’s Horizon 2020 research and innovation programme under grant agreement No. 723201
www.h2020-coexist.eu
USDOT Global Benchmarking Study
• MUNICH
– Strong car industry/car culture, like U.S., resulting in a variety of carsharing innovations
– Mobility hubs, including EV charging stations, and “whole community” solutions
• PARIS
– Large scale one-way EV carsharing and bikesharing (organized by a multi-jurisdictional regional body) and peer-to-peer carsharing
– Diverse, cutting edge deployments, such as of shared electric scooters and shared refrigerated cargo vans
• BRUSSELS
– National/European Union policy frameworks backed by funding
– Local operations/innovations (e.g., MoBIB card) resulting from substantial political commitments
72 FHWA Global Benchmarking
Program: State of Shared
Mobility in Europe
This project has received funding from the European
Union’s Horizon 2020 research and innovation programme under grant agreement No. 723201
www.h2020-coexist.eu
• Boundary-defying PPPs and contracting methods
• Proactive planning and design for shared infrastructure and electrification
• Progressive transportation leadership with a vision for shared mobility
integration
• “Whole community” shared mobility approaches
FHWA Global Benchmarking
Program: State of Shared
Mobility in Europe
73
Key Takeaways from GBS