“easitrain” – european advanced superconductivity ... represent today a €1.5 billion...

EASITrain – ETN – GA 764879

Part B (Description of the Action) – of 33

Marie Skłodowska-Curie Actions (MSCA)

Innovative Training Networks (ITN) H2020-MSCA-ITN-2017

Annex 1 to the Grant Agreement

(Description of the Action) Part B

“EASITrain” – European Advanced Superconductivity Innovation and Training (GA 764879)

Ref. Ares(2017)3115311 - 21/06/2017



TABLE OF CONTENTS

1. EXCELLENCE.........................................................................................................................................41.1. QUALITY,INNOVATIVEASPECTSANDCREDIBILITYOFTHERESEARCHPROGRAMME.................................................4

1.2. QUALITYANDINNOVATIVEASPECTSOFTHETRAININGPROGRAMME.................................................................11

1.3. QUALITYOFTHESUPERVISION...................................................................................................................16

1.4. QUALITYOFTHEPROPOSEDINTERACTIONBETWEENTHEPARTICIPATINGORGANISATIONS....................................17

2. IMPACT..............................................................................................................................................192.1. ENHANCINGCAREERPERSPECTIVESANDEMPLOYABILITYOFRESEARCHERSANDCONTRIBUTIONTOTHEIRSKILLS

DEVELOPMENT..................................................................................................................................................19

2.2. CONTRIBUTIONTOSTRUCTURINGDOCTORAL/EARLY-STAGERESEARCHTRAININGATTHEEUROPEANLEVELANDTO

STRENGTHENINGEUROPEANINNOVATIONCAPACITY................................................................................................20

2.3. QUALITYOFTHEPROPOSEDMEASURESTOEXPLOITANDDISSEMINATETHEPROJECTRESULTS................................21

2.4. QUALITYMEASURESTOCOMMUNICATETHEPROJECTACTIVITIESTODIFFERENTTARGETAUDIENCES.......................23

3. QUALITYANDEFFICIENCYOFTHEIMPLEMENTATION........................................................................243.1. COHERENCEANDEFFECTIVENESSOFTHEWORKPLAN.....................................................................................24

3.2. APPROPRIATENESSOFTHEMANAGEMENTSTRUCTURESANDPROCEDURES........................................................27

3.3. APPROPRIATENESSOFTHEINFRASTRUCTUREOFTHEPARTICIPATINGORGANISATIONS..........................................30

3.4. COMPETENCES,EXPERIENCEANDCOMPLEMENTARITYOFTHEPARTICIPATINGORGANISATIONSANDTHEIR

COMMITMENTTOTHEPROGRAMME.....................................................................................................................31

4. GANTTCHART....................................................................................................................................32

5. ETHICSISSUES....................................................................................................................................33



LIST OF PARTICIPANTS

# Consortium Member Legal Entity Short Name Ac

adem

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Non-

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Awar

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ral

Degr

ees

Coun

try

Dept./ Division / Laboratory

Scientist-in-Charge

Role of Partner Organisation

Beneficiaries 1 European Organisation for Nuclear Research CERN X IEIO DG, TE, BE A. Ballarino 2 Bruker GmbH BRUKER X DE Energy and Supercon (BEST) K. Schlenga

3 Commissariat à l´Energie Atomique et aux Energies Alternatives CEA X FR IRFU

INAC/SBT B. Baudouy F. Millet

4 Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche CNR X IT Istituto SPIN E. Bellingeri 5 Columbus Superconductors Srl COLUMBUS X IT n/a M. Tropeano

6 Helmholtz Zentrum Berlin für Materialien und Energie HZB X DE Institute SRF J. Knobloch

7 I-CUBE Research I-CUBE X FR n/a G. Avrillaud 8 Istituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare INFN X IT Laboratorio Nazionale Legnaro E. Palmieri 9 Technische Universität Dresden TUD X X DE Institute of Energy Technology C. Haberstroh

10 Technische Universität Wien TUW X X AT ATI and USTEM M. Eisterer 11 Universität Siegen USIEGEN X X DE Institut für Werkstofftechnik X. Jiang 12 Universität Stuttgart USTUTT X X DE ITSM D. Vogt

13 Wirtschaftsuniversität Wien WUW X X AT Institute for Entrepreneurship and Innovation P. Keinz

Partner Organisations 1 Air Liquide ALAT X FR Advanced Technologies P. Barjhoux R&D, Secondment 2 ASG Superconductors SpA ASG X IT n/a R. Marabotto R&D, Secondment

3 Babcock Noell GmbH BNG X DE Bilfinger SE W. Walter R&D, Training, Secondment

4 CemeCon AG CEMECON X DE n/a O. Lemmer R&D, Secondment 5 Criotec Impianti s.r.l CRIOTEC X IT n/a M. Roveta R&D, Secondment

6 Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers IEEE X US Council of Superconductivity B. Strauss

Training, Events, Public Engagement, Dissemination

7 MAN Diesel & Turbo Schweiz AG MAN X CH n/a P. Jenny R&D, Secondment

8 Terra Mater TM X AT Terra Mater Factual Studios M. Mooslechner Training, Public Engagement

9 Research Instruments Ltd. RI X DE n/a M. Pekeler R&D, Secondment 10 SigmaPhi Society SIGMAPHI X FR n/a F. Forest R&D, Secondment

11 Universita degli Studi di Genova UGENOA X X IT Dipartimenti di Fisica/Chimica e Chimica Industriale M. Putti R&D, Training

Data for non-academic beneficiaries: Name Bruker Columbus I-CUBE Location of research premises (city/country) Hanau, Germany Genoa, Italy Toulouse, France

Type of R&D activities Metallic superconductors Superconducting materials and applications

Ultra-high speed processes and numerical simulation

No. of full-time employees 170 35 79 No. of employees in R&D 25 6 58 Web site www.bruker.com/best www.columbussuperconductors.com www.bmax.com (sister company

supplying products & services) Annual turnover (in Euro) ~ 70’000’000 ~ 3’000’000 ~ 12’600’00 Enterprise status Yes Yes Yes SME status No Yes Yes

Declarations Name (institution / individual) Nature of inter-relationship Columbus Srl, ASG SpA Columbus is a subsidiary of ASG Superconductors SpA Bruker, Oxford Instruments (OST) OST superconductors is a part of BRUKER since 17 November 2016 enlarging the impact potentials of

this ITN in terms of ESR exposure to industry, R&D capacities and application scouting. I-CUBE, Bmax Bmax offers services using the technologies developed by I-CUBE. Both organisations are held by the

same owner. ESRs will profit from Bmax facilities during the employment and secondment by I-CUBE. CERN, CEA, CNR, INFN, TUD, TUW, USIEGEN, USTUTT

The organisations have established an R&D program via a Memorandum Of Understanding (MoU).

CEA, Université Grenoble Alpes (UGA), Université Paris-Saclay (UPS)

UGA and UPS at which ESRs will be enrolled in doctoral programmes are associated with CEA via Joint Research Unit agreements.



1. Excellence

Thebenefitsofsuperconductorsare justnowreachingthemarket:cleanenergyproduction,com-

pactmedicalimagingandefficientelectricpropulsion–yetwearestillawayfromcommodityprod-

uctsatglobalscale.“EASITrainestablishesadurable,competitivenetworkonadvancedsupercon-ductor technologies with scientific and industrial added value. It trains young researchers to be-cometheforthcomingprofessionals inthefieldandestablishesa lastingstandardfortraining inapplied superconductivity in close cooperation with industry, improving the transition fromknowledgetoproducts”(Dr.AmaliaBallarino,EASITrainScientistinCharge).

1.1. Qual i ty , innovat iv e aspe c t s and c r ed ib i l i t y o f the r e s ear ch programme Introduction: Superconductors represent today a €1.5 billion world-market with 9% yearly growth rate. The key downstream applications NMR, MRI and electric equipment represent a world market greater than €15 billion per year. Yet, a plethora of opportunities remain today untapped! Examples include portable and single-sided medical imaging, advancement in semiconductor single crystal growth, drastically reduced energy consumption of metal processing with induction heaters, exascale computing based on Josephson-junction electronics, ultra-wideband wireless communications, low-maintenance energy storage, and energy efficient and environmental friendly electrical ship/aircraft propulsion systems (see EC Flightplan 20501). The greatest challenges for wide-spread adoption of new applications remain the limited understanding on how to apply the fundamental principles2 at engineering level and the capability to deploy the technology at large-scale cost-effectively. Science and cross-sectoral training rather than serendipity are the key to unlock the potentials of this alluring technology. The cost determining factor is the production of performant and high-quality conductor (> 80%). Europe is consid-ered today the world-leader of superconductor production with the highest global capacity market share (85%). China is, however catching up rapidly from 2.89% in 2011 to 6.2% in 2015. Many applications of that technology can substantially contribute to emission reduction and making the European power grid more efficient. The Paris Climate Agreement3 signed in 2016 is a great opportunity to launch a durable training initiative for one of the technologies that can help implementing it. This ITN therefore integrates sound research projects (see work pack-age structure in Figure 1.1a) to

1. learn predicting the behaviour of superconducting materials under different conditions, 2. establish innovative production techniques as the state-of-the-art and to 3. develop efficient cryogenic refrigeration systems as enabler for wide-spread deployment.

Significant lead-times call for launching a training of a new gen-eration of researchers and engineers now to be able to bring products4 to the market and have qualified experts before the end of the dec-ade. Superconductivity relies on cross-sectoral R&D, opening unique interdisciplinary opportunities as enablers for health, well-being and energy efficiency enhancements. This ITN builds upon and inte-grates with other EU projects, ex-

ploiting synergies to build a solid European network for superconductivity applications that lasts beyond the project duration and that initiates a silo-breaking process. Technology exchange and common research will take place with H2020 projects such as EuroCirCol (RIA), ARIES, BEST-PATHS. Training synergies with the STREAM and RADSAGA ITNs will be exploited. Results will be integrated from EU projects like EUROTAPES (superconductors), INNWIND (10-20 MW wind turbine), EcoSWING (superconducting wind generator) or S-PULSE (superconducting electronics). A commonly established superconductivity R&D initiative of the benefi-ciaries supplies infrastructures and materials, which are prerequisites for the carefree execution and successful completion of this research and training program. 1 http://ec.europa.eu/transport/modes/air/doc/flightplan2050.pdf - doi: 10.2777/50266, pp. 14 2 http://www.nobelprize.org/nobel_prizes/physics/laureates/2016/press.html 3 http://www.un.org/sustainabledevelopment/blog/2016/01/world-leaders-invited-to-paris-agreement-signing-ceremony-on-april-22/ 4 http://www.superpower-inc.com/system/files/ccas_brochure_web.pdf

Figure 1.1a: EASITrain scientific work package overview.

▪ Niobium-tin▪ Magnesium diboride▪ Thallium-based▪ Microstructure▪ Radiofrequency

High-velocity forming ▪Thin films ▪

Coatings ▪Wires ▪

▪ Nelium refrigeration▪ Fluid dynamics▪ Magnet cooling▪ Turbo compressors▪ System integration

Motors, generators, UPS ▪Medical imaging ▪

Wireless and UWB ▪Molecular analytics & food safety ▪

Gas liquefaction & transport ▪



Objectives: All sectors relevant to superconductivity are connected in a single research and training programme: materials, production, cryogenics and assessment of potentials for end-users to reach the following objectives (Figure 1.1b): Advance low and high temperature superconductor wire (Nb3Sn5, MgB26) performance and production, develop industrial production methods for Tl-based thin films7 with liquid nitrogen as target operation tempera-ture, advance quality of high velocity forming8 for superconductors, develop energy efficient cooling with Ne-lium9 (Neon-Helium mixture) and improve superconducting magnet cooling10 based on deep understanding of the underlying mechanisms and materials. Finally, assess the market potentials of significantly enhanced applica-tions (NMR, neuro-imaging11, induction heaters, semiconductor crystal growth magnets) and study the opportuni-ties of emerging applications (superconducting fly-wheel energy storage, very high temperature superconducting electronics12, ship and aircraft propulsion systems, ultra-wideband and microwave sensing and communications).

Figure 1.1b: All R&D is carried out in cooperation with industrial partners, either as Beneficiaries or as Partners.

These objectives can be achieved by improving existing production methods13 in an iterative process of analysing the microstructure, mechanical and transport properties under different field and temperature conditions to in-crease the current density of Nb3Sn and MgB2 wires at high magnetic field. For thin-film coatings, surface struc-ture, superconducting properties at different temperatures, the interface between substrate and coating, the quality for formed substrate and the coating processed will be studied and iteratively improved. For very high tempera-ture superconducting Tl compounds, a viable production recipe to create large surfaces at high throughput will be devised and practically validated. For an energy-efficient cryogenic infrastructure, the Nelium cycle will be defined, the components will be specified, the turbo compressor14 operating with the light gas mixture will be improved. The potential impact extends to hydrogen liquefaction15, a key technology to enable a shift to clean energy pro-duction. For magnet cooling, cryogen in coil behaviour with improved materials needs to be modelled, heat ex-traction needs to be simulated and experimentally verified, different cooling architectures will be specified and their merits will be compared. A model to predict the operation precisely in order to right-scale operation margins will be established and validated using actually operating magnet coils at cryogenic temperatures. The outlined objectives can only be accomplished through a strong collaboration between industry and science. This project therefore joins forces of different science and engineering domains to successfully transfer su-perconductivity to the commodity sector. To this end, the participants jointly assess the market potentials made possible by the technology advancements developed in this ITN. In silo-breaking workshops they explore the valorisation potentials and market entry strategies for emerging applications. The joint effort of academia and industry to develop a durable doctoral study curriculum in applied superconductivity emphasises this effort. The objectives of this program are ambitious with substantial innovation capacities beyond superconductivity. This vision will be communicated by engaging international organisations (e.g. UNECE, World Economic Forum) and industry federations (e.g. ivSupra) in networking events that are organised by CERN, integrating this ITN. Terra Mater, a documentary producer will accompany the ESRs along their projects and develop footage as evidence for the impact of this EC MSCA action covering science, the training and socio-economic benefits.

5 C. Segal et al., “Evaluation of critical current density and residual resistance ratio limits in power in tube Nb3Sn conductors”, IOP Sup. Sci. Tech. 29, 2016 6 Patent Columbus Superconductors, AU2012201062 (A1), "Superconducting composite wire made from magnesium diboride”, 2012-03-15 7 E. Bellingeri and R. Flückiger, “Thallium based high temperature superconductors”, Handbook of superconducting Materials, ISBN 978-0750304320, 2002 8 Patent G. Avrillaud (I-CUBE), WO2015071869 (A1), “Electrohydraulic forming device”, 2015-05-21 9 H. Quack et al., “Nelium, a Refrigerant with High Potential for the Temperature Range between 27 and 70 K”, Phys. Proc., Vol. 67, pp. 176-182, 2015 10 Pietrowicz S, Baudouy B., “Numerical study of the thermal behavior of an Nb3Sn high field magnet in He II”, Cryogenics 53(0):72-7, 2013 11 http://home.cern/cern-people/updates/2016/11/how-lhc-could-help-us-peek-inside-human-brain 12 European Roadmap on Superconductor Electronics, S-PULSE (FP7-215297) deliverable, June 2010, online from http://cordis.europa.eu/docs/projects/cnect/7/215297/080/deliverables/001-SPULSE215297D1321roadmapjune2010.pdf 13 Patent Columbus Superconductors, WO2015056199 (A1), “Continuous brazing system and brazing process", 2015-04-23 14 Mayorca, M et al., “Prediction of Turbomachinery Aeroelastic Behavior from a Set of Representative Modes”, ASME J. of Turbomachinery, 135(1), 2013 15 Fuel Cells and Hydrogen Joint Undertaking: http://www.fch.europa.eu

Advance performance of Nb3Sn wires & coatings

Produce high-temp Tl-based superconductor

Assess high velocity forming for use with SC

Large-scale refrigeration and Nelium

Improve magnet coolingUnderstand functioning

S c i e n c e & T e c h n o l o g y O b j e c t i v e s :



Overview of research programme:

EASITrainbondsmaterialsciences,electricalengineering,cryogenicsandmechanicalengineering

communitiesintoasingle,intersectoralfacultyandlinksitwithindustrialprocessingandproject

managementdisciplines.Such,thistrainingprogramestablishesanenduring internationalnet-

workofuniversities,researchcentresandindustrialpartnersforthepromotionofsuperconduc-

tivityatlargescale.

Four tightly interconnected research work packages (see Table 1.1a) cover physics, material sciences, engineering, system integration (WP 2,3,4) and valorisation of the knowledge created (WP 5). WPs on management (WP 1), training (WP 6) and communications (WP 7) complete the setup. ESRs 1-4 and 6-15 carry out technical research in WPs 2, 3 and 4. Stimulated by ESR5, all scientists, fellows and partners from industry jointly produce delivera-bles in WP 5. All ESRs are at their host organisations also embedded in ongoing, integrating R&D activities. Table 1.1a: Work Package (WP) List. ESR number to organisation assignment is shown in Table 1.2a on page 11.

WP No. WP Title

Lead Beneficiary No.

Start Month

End month Activity Type

Lead Beneficiary Short Name

ESR involvement

1 Management 1 1 48 Management CERN n/a 2 Materials 10 3 48 Research TUW 1,2,5,8,12,13 3 Manufacturing 8 3 48 Research INFN-LNL 5,6,7,9,10,14 4 Cryogenics 9 3 48 Research TUD 3,4,5,11,15 5 Valorisation 1 1 48 Research and exploitation WUW 1-15 6 Training 4 1 48 Training CNR-SPIN 1-15 7 Communications 1 1 48 Dissemination, public engagement CERN 1-15

WP2 (Materials) studies the properties16 of significantly improved17 low-temperature (LTS) and high-temperature superconductors (HTS). This program differs substantially from traditional fundamental investigations by explor-ing the material characteristics at the end of production processes to gain an understanding of the performance at the end of the value chain. ESR12 characterises the microstructures of superconductor material samples at TUW to provide the basis of quality and performance models. Recent advancements18 by TUW give evidence that a process introducing artificial flux pinning centres can lead to remarkable improvements. ESR2 works at Bruker with ESR12 and ESR13 at TUW in a tight and iterative loop to transfer this knowledge to double the current density of LTS wires to 1.5 kA/mm2 for magnets19 up to 16 Tesla at 4.2 K. It would create a potential to become the preferred material for next generation MRI medical imaging and NMR devices, the workhorse of organic mol-ecule characterisation. ESR13 at TUW assesses the capabilities of the promising Thallium20 HTS and the possibil-ity to reach 5 Tesla fields with MgB2 wires21. Although devices using MgB2 start to be marketed22, its characteris-tics and scaling laws remain enigmatic. Obtaining reliable production process key performance indicators are es-sential when aiming at lower cost and at higher production rate. ESR1 at CERN will study the performance of produced structures with A15 compounds (e.g. Nb3Sn) under different cryogenic conditions, elucidating the role of the interface between superconducting and substrate layers23. Superconducting thin films can be used in ultra-wide-band radiofrequency devices (high bandwidth indoor/outdoor communications24, through-wall imaging, high-performance aircraft radar, extreme signal to noise ration improvement in wireless receivers) as well as ultra-high-speed and low-power computing25 devices based on Josephson digital electronics. ESR8 at HZB quantifies the RF properties of those coated and formed structures in order to elucidate the underlying performance deter-mining mechanisms26.

16 J. Hecher et al., “How the macroscopic current correlates with the microscopic flux-line distribution in a type-II superconductor: an experimental study”, Supercond. Sci. Technol. 27, 075004, 2014 17 T. Baumgartner et al., “Performance boost in industrial multifilamentary Nb3Sn wires due to radiation induced pinning centers”, Sci Rep 5, 10236, 2015 18 M. Eisterer et al., “Effects of introducing isotropic artificial defects on the superconducting properties of differently doped Ba-122 based single crystals”, Nature Sci. Rep., 6, 27783, 2016 19 L. Bottura et al., “Advanced accelerator magnets for upgrading the LHC”, IEEE Trans. Appl. Supercond., 22(4002008), 2012 20 J.L. Jorda, “Thallium-based superconducting cuprates”, in Frontiers in Superconducting Materials (Ed. A.V. Narlikar), Springer, 2005 21 Columbus, MgB2 wire documentation, http://www.columbussuperconductors.com/docs/MgB2.pdf 22 http://www.columbussuperconductors.com/docs/what%20has%20already%20been%20done.pdf 23 V. Palmieri and R. Vaglio, “Thermal contact resistance at the Nb/Cu interface as a limiting factor for sputtered thin film RF superconducting cavities”, IOP Superconductor Science and Technology 29, 015004, 2016 24 R. Simon et al., “Superconducting microwave filter systems for cellular telephone base stations”, Proc. IEEE, 92(10), 2004 25 FLUXONICS whitepaper “Superconducting Computing – an Ecological and Political European Challenge”, online from http://www.fluxonics.de/newsletter-1 26 J.M. Vogt et al., “High-Q operation of superconducting RF cavities: Potential impact of thermocurrents on the RF surface resistance”, Phys. Rev. ST Accel. Beams 18 042001, 2015



WP3 (Manufacturing) develops methods to produce superconducting material samples, wires and thin-film coated surfaces (see also INFN Master program27). A tight loop of production and characterisation with WP2 leads to an iterative improvement process for superconducting thin films production: ESR14 at USIEGEN de-velops A15 (e.g. Nb3Sn, Nb3Ga-Al) and B1 (e.g. NbN) compound thin films for ESR8 at HZB, ESR10 at INFN-LNL improves A15 and B1 compound coating by magnetron sputtering28 in order to assess the impacts of differ-ent process parameters on the superconducting performance. Chemical and mechanical processes during manu-facturing can significantly alter the characteristics of superconductors. ESR9 at I-Cube assesses therefore the suit-ability29 of innovative electro-hydro high-velocity forming30 and will in cooperation with ESR1 at CERN and ESR8 at HZB document the impacts31,32 on superconductivity. ESR6 at CNR-SPIN will develop an entirely new recipe to produce a Thallium-based superconductor permitting to coat large surfaces up to 100’000 m2 with a 1 µm superconducting layer. Kilometres of MgB2 wire will be produced by Columbus in the scope of an industriali-sation study of ESR7 in cooperation with ESR12 and ESR13 at TUW. Wire production is funded by an existing R&D cooperation of the partners, representing significant additional value in the million Euro range. They are an assurance that the ESRs can complete the assigned work successfully within the foreseen period. WP4 (Cryogenics) establishes quantitative models of cooling techniques to understand and break through to-day’s limitations. The work is organised around two temperature ranges: ESR11 at TUD and ESR15 at USTUTT will together develop a Neon-Helium mixture refrigeration system, improving efficiency and reducing cost in the range of 20%33 targeting the 20-70 K temperature range. This technology is also ideally suited for helium and hy-drogen liquefaction plants. ESR434 at CEA will develop an overview of cooling architectures in cooperation with ESR3 and establish models to predict cooling efficiency of cryogenic systems and assess cost impacts. ESR3 at CEA will in cooperation with CERN establish a model35 for superconducting coils that lead to a fundamental un-derstanding on how heat is transferred. This insight is the key to design NMR and MRI devices at twice today’s field strengths. A test bed is jointly made available by CERN and CEA such that designs can be revised based on sound models validated by experimental results.

Figure 1.1c: Examples for applications that profit from advances in superconductivity.

WP5 (Valorisation) in continuous interaction with WP6 (Training) and WP7 (Communications) seams all science disciplines and partners to develop scenarios for converting the results into products and services in line with the EC priorities36 for a growing market37 of energy-efficient devices, world-transforming digital technologies and healthcare (see examples in Figure 1.1c). Under the lead of WUW, ESR5 will work with all ESRs and the non-academic participants to assess the market potentials of products made possible by the research in this ITN in a technological competence leveraging process. Knowledge is most valuable when being transferred across gen-erations: Nobel laureate Dr. Bednorz “see[s] an urgent need in education. Over the past years, the number of places that still run a curriculum on superconductivity and its application has been shrinking continuously. The field needs more young scientists and engineers again who think ‘applied’ and, through creative ideas, contribute to new applications.”38. UGENOA will together with network members develop a new, lasting international doctoral syllabus in applied superconductivity. 27 http://www.surfacetreatments.it, established by Prof. V. Palmieri (WP 3 leader) as joint program between INFN and University Padua 28 H. Skliarova et al., “Niobium-based sputtered thin-films for corrosion protection of proton-irradiated liquid water targets”, J. Phy. D, Vol. 47(4), 2013 29 S. Atieh et al., “First results of SRF cavity fabrication by electro-hydraulic forming at CERN”, in Proc. SRF 2015, ISBN 978-3-95450-178-6 30 A.C. Jeanson, doctoral thesis CEMEF, “Identification du comportement mécanique sous sollicitations dynamiques extrêmes: Développement d’une stratégie innovante appliquée au formage à très grande vitesse par magnéto-formage et électrohydro-formage”, to be published January 2016 31 J.M. Vogt et al., “High-Q operation of superconducting RF cavities: potential impact of thermocurrents on the RF surface resistance”, Phys. Rev. ST Ac-cel. Beams, 18(042001), 2015 32 J. Vogt et al., “Impact of cooldown conditions at Tc on the SRF cavity quality factor”, Phys. Rev. ST-AB, 16(102002), 2013 33 C. Haberstroh, “Neon Helium mixures as a Refrigerant for the FCC beam screen cooling: comparison of cycle design options”, CEC/ICMC, Tucson AZ, USA, June/July 2015, https://indico.cern.ch/event/344330/session/75/contribution/314 34 F. Bonne et al., “A Simulink Library of cryogenic components to automatically generate control schemes for large cryorefrigerators”, IOP Conference Series - Materials Science and Engineering 101, 2015. 35 H. Allain et al., “Investigation of suitability of the method of volume averaging for the study of heat transfer in superconducting accelerator magnet cooled by superfluid helium”, Cryogenics, 53(0):128-34, 2013 36 http://ec.europa.eu/priorities/index_en 37 Consortium of European companies determined to use superconductivity market watch: http://www.conectus.org/market.html 38 Interview with Dr. Bednorz, December 2015, http://ph-news.web.cern.ch/content/unravelling-mystery-superconductivity-interview-dr-george-bednorz

Open MRI (10 x lighter, 10 x less power consumption)

> 10 MW direct drive windpower generators High dynamic range radar High-speed food profiling High-res portable cargo

scanning



Research methodology and approach:

ThemajorscientificachievementofEASITrainwillbethevisibleimprovementofsuperconductorper-

formance, quality and cost effectiveness. The project accelerates the European efforts and identifies

opportunities for growth in the high priority areas defined by the EC. It is an excellent example of

knowledgetransferfromfundamentalresearchtoapplicationsineverydaylife.

All ESRs will work on their individual research projects and they will also be exposed to the methods and approaches developed by the industry partners and the other ESRs. This concept will be implemented by planned interactions, an intra-network secondment scheme, intersectoral schools and topical workshops that bring together the participants of all work packages. The ESRs will be embedded in research teams at the employment sites. Existing material funding, already established research infrastructures and the presence of competent col-leagues and supervisors covering the R&D activities outlined in this proposal ensure that the ESRs can carry out their work efficiently. Each ESR is exposed to industrial best practices through direct employment by a company or through relevant secondment to a company. WP5 (Valorisation) will incite ESRs and supervisors to silo-breaking thinking for transferring knowledge to industry with the goal to create innovative products. Realising scientific and societal impact requires solid and well understood foundations. Each work package and their integration address therefore all layers of the project-value chain pyramid from bottom to top:

(1) Materials, modelling and simulation: WP2 and WP3 work tightly integrated on ma-terial advancement to realise large-scale supplies of superconductive materials. ESR2 (Bruker) and ESR7 (Columbus) develop wires and ESR6 (CNR-SPIN), ESR10 (INFN-

LNL), ESR14 (USIEGEN) produce thin films, characterised by ESRs 12 and 13 (TUW), ESR1 (CERN) and ESR8 (HZB). ALAT cooperates with ESR 4 on architec-

tures for cryogenic refrigeration plants, CemeCon teaches ESR1 (CERN) the rele-vance of micro- and nanostructures for superconducting thin films and RI

trains ESR8 (HZB) on the analysis aspects of RF properties of superconduct-ing thin-films in cavity production. ESR11 (TUD) optimises the Neon-

Helium cycle, ESR15 (USTUTT) develops a light-gas turbo compressor with controlled vibration at high speed. Criotec contributes to the planning of the test bench. ESR3 (CEA) develops models to predict heat extraction in

magnets. ESR4 (CEA) establishes models for cooling architectures. The results are reviewed by Sigmaphi, ASG in view of their product developments.

(2) Components: Bruker (ESR2) and Columbus (ESR7) produce superconducting wires. I-CUBE (ESR9) deter-mines the limits of electro-hydraulic high-velocity forming to develop complex structures for superconductor coated structures. Structures are coated by INFN-LNL (ESR10) and CERN. TUW (ESR12,13), HZB (ESR8) and CERN (ESR1) assess the properties of superconductor wires and coatings on substrate for use in applications under different cryogenic temperature conditions. USTUTT (ESR15) specifies the components for a light-gas tur-bo compressor. ESRs 3 and 4 at CEA compile the reference components for magnet cooling systems. (3) Systems & integration: I-CUBE (ESR9), INFN-LNL (ESR10), Bruker (ESR2), CNR-SPIN (ESR6), Colum-bus (ESR7) and CERN (ESR1) integrate technologies for producing superconducting devices. HZB (ESR8) per-forms RF qualification with support from CERN (ESR1) under different cryogenic conditions. CEA (ESR3) brings a low-temperature liquid helium magnet coil cooling test stand into operation to validate models and pre-diction experimentally. TUD (ESR11) and USTUTT (ESR15) develop together with partners Criotec and MAN a system concept with an innovative turbo compressor as key element for a refrigeration test bench with Nelium. (4) Applications: ESRs 1, 2, 6, 7, 8, 10, 11, 12, 13, 14 assess in cooperation with industry (Bruker, ASG, Sig-maPhi, BNG) the merits of improved Nb3Sn and MgB2 performance for next generation NMR, MRI, electric ship and aircraft39 propulsion, wind generators40, transformers, power buffering and storage41. ESRs 3 and 4 at CEA, ESR 11 at TUD and ESR 15 at USTUTT assess with SigmaPhi, ALAT, ASG and Criotec the impacts of im-proved helium (1.9 - 4.5 K) and Nelium cooling (40 – 60 K) for applications (NMR, MRI, motors, generators, current leads, aerospace and gas liquefaction). For disruptive superconducting electronics42, namely ultra-wide-band Radar, ADCs, switches, filters, phase-shifters, amplifiers and receivers, X-ray and gamma ray devices for

39 http://www.economist.com/news/science-and-technology/21664944-using-electric-and-hybrid-forms-propulsion-very-different-looking-aircraft 40 SUPRAPOWER FP7 project, GA 308793, TECNALIA patent EP2521252A1, 10 MW offshore wind turbine generator, online available at http://cordis.europa.eu/docs/results/308/308793/periodic1-suprapower-1st-periodic-report-publishable-summary-tecnalia-20140729.pdf 41 C. Boffo, “Superconducting High-speed Flywheel Energy Storage Systems”, ESAS Summer School, Bologna, 2016, http://events.unibo.it/esas-summer-school-2016/program 42 D.K. Brock et al., “Superconductor ICs: the 100-GHz second generation”, IEEE Spectrum, December 2000, online at http://www.hypres.com/wp-content/uploads/2010/12/Superconductor-ICs.pdf



Compton backscattering units, WUW and CERN will perform silo breaking and technological competence lever-aging workshops for which end-user applications will be identified in the course of ESR5’s project, with a focus on MgB2, HTS and Tl thin films. The latter can be produced more cost-effectively than traditional high-temperature superconductors, but require advancements in manufacturing43 and quality: This technology exhibits switching performance north of 700 GHz44 at 200 kW, orders of magnitude less energy consumption than tradi-tional CMOS (Exascale with traditional logic would consume more than 100 MW45). Superconducting fly-wheel electric energy storage systems are an environmentally friendly and maintenance effective alternative to LiIon bat-tery banks and Diesel-generator based uninterruptable power supplies. Cost effective superconducting radio-frequency devices would be door-openers to compact continuous wave and gamma ray cargo/baggage scanning devices as well as wider deployment of free-electron lasers. (5) Use: All Consortium participants will in WP5 report on the societal potentials of the studied technologies46. BNG explores efficient and green uninterrupted power supply and energy storage systems. ASG, Bruker and Co-lumbus will investigate improvements for medical diagnosis, material science, chemical and protein analysis. CRI-OTEC and ALAT explore potentials for innovative machinery for aerospace applications. MAN and ALAT will work on opportunities in gas liquefaction. I-CUBE assesses manufacturing processes for the aerospace and auto-motive sectors. RI explores cargo and baggage scanning as well as chemical and material analysis. WUW quantifies the potentials to stimulate the European high-tech market when producing large quantities of superconductors for research and commodity applications. This ITN stimulates silo-breaking and out-of-the-box thinking: a good example for this approach is Bruker’s fully automated 400 MHz AVANCE III NMR spectrometer would replace a multitude of commonly analytical experiments to screen fruit juice with high throughput47. Originality and innovative aspects of the research programme: This project pushes technologies into new performance ranges and assesses valorisation potentials (see table 1.1b) in close cooperation with industry within foreseeable times to market. The committed engagement of non-academic participants is evidence for realistic opportunities, emphasising the need for well-trained experts in the fields covered by this ITN.

Table 1.1b: Progress beyond state-of-the art induced via the research in EASITrain Technology State of the art Advancement goals TRL from-to

Superconducting wires at low temperatures (e.g. Nb3Sn)

The prevalent conductor is Nb-Ti up to 8 Tesla magnets. Nb3Sn is a candidate for high-field magnets. Current density is around 700 A/mm2 at 16 T, doubling is possible.

Understand how to produce low temperature super-conducting wire with a target current density of 1.5 kA/mm2 cost-effectively at large quantities for mag-nets up to 16 Tesla.

3 → 6

MgB2 wire

An emerging conductor for NMR, MRI and electricity transmission lines. Magnets are limited today to 1.5 T.

Advance wire quality for magnets beyond 5 Tesla and to transfer high currents up to 20 kA. Develop a cost-effective large quantity production method.

3 → 6

Tl superconductor

Today at laboratory stage, funda-mental material characteristics are known. No industrial production method existing today.

Develop a recipe and production method for a com-pound material suitable to produce thin-film tapes. 2 → 4

A15 and B1 thin films

Bulk Nb and Nb thin film on Cu with O(µm) thick fluctuations and sharply decreasing Q0 well below 15 MV/m.

Understand how to create thin films with properties comparable to bulk Nb at half the prize of bulk Nb. Elucidate the origin of Q-slope decrease and find an approach to mitigate up to 15 MV/m.

4 → 5

Superconducting thin-film production

Low-integration electronics and antennas mainly based on Nb wir-ing, YBCO and BSSCO thick films. MgB2 tapes.

Develop a production method that makes alterna-tive thin-films fit for ultra-wide bandwidth and elec-tronics applications on par with bulk materials.

3 → 4

Electrohydraulic forming

Fast forming used for conventional metals.

Improve coating and forming to make EHF usable for superconducting structures. 6 → 7

Cooling to 40 K 20 cooling stages with Helium. Demonstrate that Nelium refrigeration with 14 stag-es can lead to 20% cost savings. 2 → 4

Magnet cooling architectures More than 20% margins. Experimentally validate model-based cooling archi-

tecture improvements to reduce margins to 10%. 6 → 7

Magnet coil refrigeration Confined superconducting coils. Develop micro-channel based heat extraction (200

µm) to reduce operation margins down to 10%. 4 → 5

43 S.K. Tolpygo, “Superconductor Digital Electronics: Scalability and Energy Efficiency Issues”, AIP Low Temp. Phys. 42, 361, 2016 44 W. Chen et al., “Rapid Single Flux Quantum T-Flip Flop Operating up to 770 GHz”, IEEE Trans. Appl. Supercon. 9(2), pp. 3212, June 1999. 45 http://science.energy.gov/ascr/research/scidac/exascale-challenges/ 46 H. Rogalla and P.H. Kes, “100 years of superconductivity”, CRC Press, 2011 47 http://www.theresonance.com/juice-screening/



High-resolution nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) has emerged as one of the most versatile tools for the quantitative study of structure, kinetics and thermo-dynamics of biomolecules and their interactions at atomic resolution. Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI) as a non-invasive technology producing detailed imag-es including functional analysis of soft tissue without the use of damaging radia-tion. Ultra-high field, single-sided, open and portable devices are the ultimate goals to bring this technology to the masses. This application profits from ad-vances in Low-temperature superconductor (LTS) performance as well as from ultra-sensitive SQUID and pickup coil developments48. Today, 8 Tesla Nb-Ti magnets are considered state-of-the-art. Nb3Sn has been identified as the most suitable material to boost magnet technology to 16 Tesla. Recent world-record

achievements49,50 have confirmed that such improvement is in reach at the required current densities (see inset left) at high field. Now is the moment to develop suitable wires ensuring that European industries have portfolios, which satisfy the needs of applications.

The next logical steps are to increase the market share of MgB2 and to develop market entry scenarios for yet untapped materials. HTS deployment is still limited to niche markets such as fault current limiters and magnetometers (SQUID). This project develops an affordable application grade superconductor that can operate at liquid nitrogen temperature (see in inset left) and advances MgB2 wire production targeting electronics, ultra-wide-band radiofrequency and high-field magnets at 5 Tesla51 and beyond. MgB2 is characterised by a simple structure and low density (2.6 g/cm3 vs 6.35 g/cm3 of YBCO), high potential critical field (> 20 T at 20 K) making it a suitable material for many use cases52, ranging from medical imaging over electronics to lossless power transmission53. Tl cuprates dominate Tc world-records above 120 K, but inherent thermal fluctu-ations establish limits to the magnetic fields at which they can effectively

transport high currents and grain misalignments limit the critical current density. Tl cuprates develop uniaxial tex-ture naturally, making fabrication easier than Y-based compounds. This improves current density and inter-grain connectivity and reduces production cost. There is evidence that the technology will eventually fit applications up to 6 Tesla54. Both, Tl and MgB2 are also candidates for commodity applications: thin films for ultra-wide band radiofrequency devices and ultra-fast digital electronics, wires for NMR, motors and electricity generators. This ITN puts Europe in the driver seat of next generation superconductor technologies: it offers industrial partners a low-risk product development route with IP creation opportunities, ahead of other nations.

Superconducting thin-film coating can significantly reduce cost: radiofre-quency cavities will remain for a long time the primary means for accelerating electrons and ions in industry, material & chemical sciences and healthcare. Sub-stituting bulk material with nanometre film coating reduces material needs, im-proves energy efficiency, permits additively produced wires (e.g. copper stabilised tape55). It is the key to high-performance superconducting electronics and ultra-wide band radiofrequency technology. However, the limited quality factor of su-perconducting coatings at high fields remains an obstacle (see inset left). For sub-strates, the goals are to create very smooth surfaces at nanostructure level and to produce seamless structures with high-velocity forming, thus reducing welds and avoiding contamination. For coatings, the aims are to achieve high purity and void free sputtered large surfaces and to master the interaction between film and

substrate to avoid contact loss causing in-film RF power dissipation due to resistance creation. Contact should be improved by creating buffer layers or impingement of the superconductor into the copper substrate. The knowledge gained helps also entirely different use cases such as metal thin films for automotive and aerospace parts, manufacturing of medical prosthesis and high-speed forming of complex structures for machines in indus-

48 A. Espy et al., “Progress Toward a Deployable SQUID-Based Ultra-Low Field MRI System for Anatomical Imaging”, IEEE Tr. Appl. Superc. 25(3):2015 49 http://home.cern/about/updates/2015/11/test-racetrack-dipole-magnet-produces-record-16-tesla-field 50 CERN Courier, November 13, 20115 - http://cerncourier.com/cws/article/cern/63141 51 Y. Iwasa et al., “A round table discussion on MgB2: towards a wide market or a niche production?”, IEEE Trans. Appl. Supercond. 16 1457-64 52 A. Hellemans, “New superconductive material for long-distance energy transmission”, 19 Sept. 2016, http://www.youris.com/Energy/Energy-Grid/New-Superconductive-Material-For-Long-Distance-Energy-Transmission.kl 53 V.V. Kostyuk et al., “Experimental Hybrid Power Transmission Line with Liquid Hydrogen and MgB2-Based Superconducting Cable”, Springer Tech. Phys. Letters 24(3), pp. 279-282, 2012. 54 Superconductor Technologies Inc., US patent 5’358’926 A, October 25, 1994, “Epitaxial thin superconducting thallium-based copper oxide layers” 55 ASG Superconductors S.p.A. Genva (IT), US patent 8’238’990 B2, August 7, 2012. Granular Superconducting Joint

A/mm

2

Tesla2 4 6 8 10 12 14 16 18 20 22

10

100

1000

10000

Nb3Sn4(4.54K)

NbTi (4.54K)

Iron

X%2%needed

D u plic at e c u r r e n t de n s it y at 1 6 Te s la f ie ld o f N b 3 Sn w ir e s

Cure Nb on Cu quality factor vs. acceleration gradient dependency

Eacc [MV/m]

Q0 at%1.7%K

0 5 10 15 20108

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Critical current vs. discovery year. Ope r at ion at h al f Tc is t h e go al

0

60

120

1980 1990 2000 2010

TlBaCaCuO

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MgB2

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tries. The post-graduate Master programme on industrial surface treatments56 by University of Padua and INFN-LNL gives impressive evidence of 15 years of sustained successful knowledge transfer from academia to industry. Innovation in refrigeration technology: Superconductivity applications need reliable and cost effective cool-ing. We must understand the interplay of the conductor at low temperature, the device-internal cooling and the refrigeration infrastructure. This ITN jumps beyond isolated research and training towards one integrated view. Down to 40 K, cost and scale are addressed by an innovative concept of applying a mixture of Neon and Helium (Nelium)57. The light gas mixture together with a high isothermal efficiency centrifugal compressor (70 %) reduces the number of stages from 20 to 14, leading to power & cost savings of 20 %. A novel turbo compressor with less moving parts, less lubrication and a sealed design for light gas mixtures building on recent industrial developments will boost reliability and efficiency. For low temperatures around 4.5 K, this project develops a catalogue of cool-ing architectures and models based on measurements. This research leads to overall optimised cooling schemes for superconducting magnets (NMR, MRI, heaters), power transmission lines, electricity generators and motors.

1.2. Qual i ty and innovat iv e aspe c t s o f the t ra in ing programme

Overview and content structure of the training:

Dr. Bednorz, Nobel Laureate in physics 1987 for the discovery of High Temperature Super-

conductivityinceramicsisakeylecturerinthisITN.Hisexperiencegainedandtherelationshipshe

formedduringhissecondmentatIBM,wouldchangehislifeandtheworld:“IsoonwasimpressedbythefreedomevenIasastudentwasgiventoworkonmyown,learningfrommistakesandthuslosingthefearofapproachingnewproblemsinmyownway.”Thisisexactlythespiritthatthispro-jectwilltransfertotheEarlyStageResearchers.

This cross-sectoral training programme is a fine blend of engineering, fundamental research and the devel-opment of real-scale application scenarios interweaved with industry. Pervasive deployment of supercon-ductivity is still in its infancy and requires well-trained experts with capabilities to think interdisciplinary and act beyond laboratory scales. Therefore, it is vital to launch initiative now to ensure that key persons and a solid education curriculum are available when the technologies hit the commodity market. This project creates innovative training opportunities by giving the ESRs access to an existing, well-functioning international network of universities, research centres and for-profit partners, providing them with an ecosystem for advanced integrat-ing research activities (see Table 1.2a). Table 1.2a: Recruitment Deliverables per Beneficiary (grouped by training contents and value) Researcher

No. Recruiting Participant

Start (Month)

Duration (Months) Local scientific/technical training contents and value

1 CERN 6 36 Superconducting material characterisation techniques with electron mi-croscopes and ion beams. UHV, clean room, cryogenic infrastructure op-eration. Test bench preparation, measuring, programming simulations, process control, analysing data and safety at work.

8 HZB 6 36 12 13 TUW 6

6 36 36

6 CNR-SPIN 4 36 Superconducting thin film production and coating techniques. Plasma etching, vacuum and cryogenics infrastructure operation, surface treat-ments for industrial applications (joint program with University of Pad-ua), mastering properties of micro- and nanostructures, radiofrequency production, measurement and safety at work.

10 INFN-LNL 6 36

14 USIEGEN 4 36

2 BRUKER 6 36 Superconducting wire design and large-quantity production, pioneered by the companies. Quality management and product characterisation. 7 COLUMBUS 6 36

9 I-CUBE 7 36 Identify and extend EHF limits and define metal product qualification, numerical simulation, quality management systems and safety at work.

3 4 CEA 6

6 36 36

Superconducting magnet cooling fluid dynamics, model-based simulation and design, gas liquefaction plant design and operation, test & analysis, refrigeration system design, integration and testing, low-temperature in-strumentation, high current operation and safety at work.

11 TUD 6 36 Nelium refrigeration cycle pioneered by TUD and turbo machinery de-sign, integration and operation. Fluid and transport simulation, measure-ment. Process modelling, plant efficiency prediction, safety at work. 15 USTUTT 6 36

5 WUW 6 36

Technological Competence Leveraging pioneered by WUW. User centred open innovation management for international high-tech environments, collaborative approaches to innovation, market survey & business plan development, international business ecosystem management.

Total 540

56 http://www.surfacetreatments.it 57 https://indico.cern.ch/event/344330/session/75/contribution/314/attachments/677857



All ESRs learn working in teams across disciplines, technical and academic levels and in an internationally distrib-uted setup considering different administrative, cultural and non-academic frameworks. Applying an open collabo-rative approach, they commonly work to exploit the findings via application scouting, business case development and assessment. The training program rests on three pillars:

1) Individual research projects embedded in R&D programmes

2) Enrolment in university doctorate degree programmes

3) Complementary, network-based training of transferrable skills 1) Individual research projects as part of established R&D activities with well-defined goals and funding Topics Content and training value for the ESR § Novel very high field magnets § Superconducting wire advancement § Innovatively manufactured superconducting

thin-films § Innovative high-temperature superconduc-

tors § Efficient cryogenic cooling over the entire

temperature range § Secondments to non-academic partners to

understand industrial requirements, assess si-lo-breaking market and to enlarge employ-ment opportunities

§ Portfolio and market opportunity assessment of applications to fight climate change, in-crease energy efficiency, improve health and well-being of people

§ Secondments to international research cen-tres being innovation hubs at global level

ESRs are embedded in committed research activities with a spe-cific project assignment of about 70% of their time. The setup permits tailoring the scope to each fellow, creating a sense of personal responsibility and helping to mitigate project risks. The support of an established community with expert knowledge and a larger common goal motivates the ESR and conveys focused research skills and advanced techniques in several fields. The output of the single person’s work is enhanced by successful team-work in the context of the group’s larger research scope. Each ESR acquires relevant industrial best practices via secondment to a non-academic partner. This builds aware-ness for the needs and constraints of the private sector and helps to realistically estimate the impacts of the research. Joint deliv-erables with non-academic partners (credible business cases, suitability of the technologies for the commodity sector) effi-ciently connects science with product development and users. Secondment to CERN provides a truly international experience, helping to create a science-industry network at a global scale.

2) Enrolment in doctorate study programmes at accredited universities Topics Content and training value for the ESR § Open innovation management § Superconductivity, low-temperature physics § Material sciences and chemistry § Mechanical engineering, low-temperature

technology § Model-driven process design § Language training

Acquisition of beyond state-of-the art knowledge. Capabilities to enter a healthy academic and business opportunities network. Learn assessing the value of a technology and how to bring them to the market. Scientific writing, presentation skills, patent filing and contract drafting. Possibility to tailor the career profile ac-cording to the needs of employment opportunities, which may arise during the assignment. All ESRs will be encouraged to take a language course according to the collaboration context.

3) Complementary, network-based training of transferrable skills Topics Content and training value for the ESR § Joint interdisciplinary university schools on

superconductivity, magnets, cryogenics, dis-ruptive manufacturing and electronics (years 2 and 3)

§ Silo-breaking retreat events and Challenge Based Innovation workshops58 with CERN’s IdeaSquare59 (years 3 and 4)

§ EASISchool, two weeks intense summer school events on a yearly basis, federating na-tional and EC research projects (e.g. STREAM, ARIES, EuroCirCol, AMICI, BEST-PATHS)

Innovation development team workshops to enhance the Euro-pean innovation capacity in the longer term and to create a last-ing partnership between academic and industrial partners. Cross-disciplinary schools (e.g. JUAS, European Course of Cryogenics) make the ESRs truly interdisciplinary actors on a global scene. Cross-disciplinary and transferrable skills training during EASIS-chools. They include for instance courses on project manage-ment (year 1), communications, public engagement, entrepre-neurship, Intellectual Property Right management (year 2), career management, research grant proposal preparation (year 3) and brings together ESRs with top lecturers from industry conveying first-hand experience. ESRs have the opportunity to exhibit their progress to academia and industry.

58 http://www.cbi-course.com and workshop event run by CERN’s IdeaSquare 59 http://ideasquare.web.cern.ch is a dedicated facility at CERN that hosts innovation-related events, bringing together people to generate new ideas.



Network-wide training:

Network-wide training brings diverse disciplines regularly together. Meeting EU’s Principles for Innovative Doctoral Training at the highest possible level is exactly among CERN’s core missions (see inset left). ESRs receive cross-disciplinary, application-oriented and transferrable skills training at international level, which goes be-yond the courses at individual universities. This ITN will provide the possibility to earn up to 51 ECTS60 (Table 1.2b) from accredited uni-versities in addition to a research project (~180 ECTS).

Table 1.2 b: Main network-wide training events, conferences and contributions of beneficiaries # Main Training Events & Conferences (Deliverable #) Max. Achievable ECTS Lead Institution Action Month 1 Management kick-off meeting (input to D1.1) - CERN M1 2 ESR training network introduction workshop (D1.4) - CERN M7 3 Open Science project platform and efficient use of social media - CERN M7 4 Safety at work in superconductivity and cryogenics (D6.1) - CERN, CNR, CEA M7 5 International project management (D6.2) 4 (up to 8 possible) WUW M7, M12 6 European Course of Cryogenics61 (not compulsory) 12 TUD M8 7 1st Annual Meeting and IEEE EASISchool 1 (D6.3) - TUW M12

Lectures on superconductivity, HTS, flux quantization 9 TUW M12 Lectures on cryogenics, industrial & life science applications - CEA M12 Innovation management & Technological competence leveraging 2 WUW M12 Communicating with the media and public - Terra Mater M12

8 Joint Universities Accelerator School62 (not compulsory) 20 CERN M19 9 2nd Annual Meeting and IEEE EASISchool 2 (D6.4) - CEA M22

Lectures on applied superconductivity 1 UGENOA M22 Technological competence leveraging & application screening - WUW M22 Superconductivity in industry and healthcare - ASG M22 Surface treatment for industrial applications - INFN-LNL M22

10 3rd Annual Meeting and IEEE EASISchool 3 (D6.5) - CNR-SPIN M36 Disruptive superconducting electronics & applications - IEEE M36 Innovative material processing and applications - I-CUBE M36 Successful grant preparation - CERN M36

11 Challenge Based Innovation workshop - CERN with WUW M38 12 Industry meets academia event (D7.3) - CERN with IEEE M38 13 Researcher transferable skills training (D6.6) - WUW M40

Professional communication and presentation 1 WUW M40 Career development, assessment center training 1 WUW M40 Intellectual Properties management and patent preparation 1 WUW with CERN M40

14 Silo breaking days - CERN with WUW M40 15 Final Conference (D1.7) - INFN-LNL M48

EASISchools are open to all ESRs and up to 15 external participants on interdisciplinary topics in superconduc-tivity, cryogenics, industrialisation aspects and application domains, innovation management, advancement of per-sonal skills and interpersonal communication and relation skills. This innovative training is organised and carried out in cooperation with the IEEE and WUW. The commitment of Nobel laureate J. Bednorz to the programme is evidence that this setup will attract high profile lecturers. These events provide ESRs the best possible interac-tion with such persons to strengthen the links among each other. WUW contributes with interactive transferrable skills training for ITNs. Industrial partners will present real-world experience and roadmaps. ESRs will always pre-sent the progress of their work, creating tangible employment opportunities. School 1 will focus on fundamental science principles and the interplay of sectors that govern the application performances and on the foundation of business scenario identification and communication. School 2 will federate executive management in academia and industry and key actors of the global science community to improve the exposure of the ESRs. This event will introduce the fellows to the techniques to identify credible application scenarios. School 3 will shed light the most promising use cases for superconductivity and cryogenics. It will train ESRs in skills to prepare their future per-sonal careers and will give insight into grant and research proposal preparation as well as patent filing. All ESRs will also actively participate in international scientific conferences. At these occasions, outstanding students will be selected by a committee of leading scientists and non-academic partners for an IEEE innovation award63 con- 60 30 ECTS is considered common practice for a PhD program, 1 ECTS being equivalent to about 25 academic hours. 61 A university accredited yearly multi-module course organized by TUD, Wroclaw University of Technology and NTNU Trondheim, over several weeks. 62 Academically accredited, modular program in collaboration with CERN and 15 European universities spanning up to 3 months, http://cern.ch/juas 63 http://ieeecsc.org/news/fcc-innovation-awards



cerning impact potentials of their contributions. The fellows will be motivated to submit publications at world class conferences and workshops organised by CERN, the IEEE, APS, EPS, ESAS and similar institutions.

Topical workshops every 6-8 months at alternating locations will serve work package representatives, ESRs and associated project representatives to ensure that the overall research progresses according to plan and will pro-mote knowledge exchange among fellows, scientists, engineers and project leaders from different disciplines. The workshops will be organised in sessions. Conveners will solicit contributions from ESRs and project-related re-searchers from different organisations with a list of topical questions that the presentations have to address. This scheme will integrate the aspects of different science domains to stimulate project progress.

Career skills training is in the spotlight of doctorate programmes across Europe. EASITrain foresees therefore to develop transferable skills, to improve the competitiveness of the fellows on the international job market and to provide them with skills required to work effectively in large, international research teams. The training starts with an introduction by CERN on how to use Web-based collaboration platforms (SharePoint, Indico, CDS, Vidyo, Overleaf collaborative LaTeX writing and publishing) throughout the project and social networks for professional purposes (LinkedIn, Slideshare, Scribd, Vimeo) and job search. WUW provides a foundation in tech-nical project management to help ESRs approach their work in a structured way and plan for interdependencies with other organisations and persons. Coaching in professional interpersonal communication and communica-tion to non-scientific audiences by Terra Mater come at hand at any stage of the career. Acquiring skills on es-tablishing a personal profile, writing effective curriculum vitae, identifying jobs that match the personal profile, applying for a vacancy and presenting oneself are part of WUW’s training package, which has continuously been approved in a series of successful ITNs. CERN and WUW will in complementary sessions teach fellows essential skills to identify public research funding opportunities, presenting project proposals efficiently in written form and understand the expectations and needs of the industrial sector. Safety is paramount in any working environ-ment. The consortium members of this ITN strongly commit to sensitise fellows and supervisors to personal safe-ty responsibility and will ensure that the foundations of safe working with the studied technologies and materials are understood and followed. The Personal Career Development Plan will therefore include compulsory local safety training. Experienced persons will give introductory training on safety for working with cryogenics and su-perconducting materials and devices as a networking event for all ESRs.

Local training: All ESRs are enrolled in doctorate degree programs as shown in table 1.2c. All ESRs will also undergo tai-lored safety training according to EU and national regulations concerning work hazards (e.g. high currents, sol-vents, metal powders, low temperatures, machinery and moving parts).

Table 1.2c: Local training at employment site and at home university.

ESR Recruiting Participant Enrolled at Local training

1 CERN TUW Made possible through frequent visiting interaction of CERN and Bruker scientists and TUW teaching personnel. The ESRs will also profit from CERN’s technical training program featuring 354 courses including a training in collaborative and Open Science tools, simula-tion software application and development and weekly academic lectures. The ESRs will receive hands-on training in operating a cryogenic test facility and measuring RRR.

2 BRUKER TUW

3 CEA University Saclay

The doctorate programme is co-directed by CEA-IRFU focusing on low-temperature phys-ics. The fellow will learn simulating cryogen behaviour in magnet coils and gets acquired with heat transfer and fluid dynamics mechanisms in insulations via MEMS technique. To that end, the ESR will receive dedicated training in using software tools Comsol, Fluent and Solidworks and will develop simulation software tailored to the research. The ESR gets hands-on experience in operating the cryostat measurement setup, analysing the data and in improving existing magnet designs based on the findings.

4 CEA University Grenoble

Alpes

The doctorate programme at the Université Grenoble Alpes commonly established with CEA, focuses on thermo- and fluid dynamics and cryogenics giving access to lectures and courses from both organisations. The ESR will learn modelling and operating the cryogenic distribution system for superconducting magnets. The program is enriched with courses to build and further develop a career.

5 WUW WUW

The doctorate programme at the Vienna University of Economic and Business focuses on entrepreneurship and innovation management. ESR5 will acquire knowledge and develop collaborative methods in the context of high-tech international projects that are carried out as collaborative commons. This research includes the highly important topic of Intellectual Property management in such environments.

6 CNR-SPIN UGENOA Lectures and seminars focus on material physics, teaching the effects of doping and impu-rities, thermal and transport properties of novel materials, which come at hand when im-proving the suitability of MgB2 wire for high-field magnet applications. At CNR the fellow will learn using the available laboratory infrastructures (ink techniques, PLD, MBE, oxygen and



high-pressure treatments) needed to develop a novel process to synthesize thin-films with Tl-1223 and Tl-1212 compounds and analysing their structure and morphology (HRXRD, SEM, TEM).

7 COLUMBUS UGENOA

Same doctoral program as ESR6. At Columbus the ESR will learn the ex-situ technique of MgB2 production. The ESR will be involved in the entire production process from the pow-der over the multifilament conductor preparation with Powder-In-Tube (PIT) method, over geometry creation with drawing, rolling and packing to the critical winding process.

8 HZB USIEGEN

Courses will cover the science and engineering of surfaces with a focus on thin-films, multi-layers and the science of the film-layer interface. The program includes training in scientific working and an introduction to the laboratory at which the materials will be produced. This is essential for the ESR to analyse the USIEGEN produced materials. At HZB, the ESR gets hands-on experience in clean-room RF instrumentation and measurements under cryogenic and ultra-high-vacuum conditions.

9 I-CUBE CEMEF

At the Centre de mise en forme des matériaux Mines ParisTech (Sophia Antipolis) the courses focus on computational mechanics and materials. Besides material science, com-putational mechanics and high-performance and parallel computing, the student gets ac-quainted with relevant modelling, simulation and process optimisation theories. At the company, the ESR gets hands-on experience using the in-house multi-processor system with LS-DYNA and 3D Magneto Hydro dynamic multi-physics software, understanding the principles of the innovative Electro Hydraulic Forming chain and performing the measure-ments of the formed sheets in the metallurgical laboratory.

10 INFN-LNL University Padua

The courses at Univ. Padua by Prof. Palmieri from LNL focus on the physics and chemistry of superconducting materials and on surface treatments and the production of thin-film coatings. The latter topics include superconducting materials, but also concern industrially used materials to produce hard coatings for tools and use of metals in aggressive environ-ments. At LNL, ESR10 will put in practice what is learned at the university courses, using the workshop infrastructures at the laboratory to perform thin-film deposition using magne-tron-sputtering and to get acquainted with the physics that rule the quality yield.

11 TUD TUD

The university program provides a solid foundation in the principles of cryogenic refrigera-tion and the liquefaction of gases. All aspects from modelling and simulation over machin-ery for refrigeration, storage, insulation, and transport are taught. Particular courses cover low-temperature technology, hydrogen and helium storage as well as environmental as-pects and energy efficiency of cooling systems. The ESR puts this in practice together with ESR15 by setting up the turbo-compressor-based refrigeration system, analysing its per-formance and matching it to the predictions.

12,13 TUW TUW Lectures and seminars on low-temperature physics, superconductivity and electron mi-croscopy, learn scientific laboratory work, operation of analysis equipment and material manipulation with neutrons in the research reactor.

14 USIEGEN USIEGEN

Same doctorate program as ESRS8, but also gets in-depth training in using the laboratory for growing thin-film material samples and substrate pre-treatment with techniques devel-oped at the institute (thermal evaporation, RF/DC/HiPIMS sputtering and plasma assisted CVD, electrochemical and plasma etching). The combined academic and practical training focuses on tools, material treatments, machinery and the chemistry of functional thin-films.

15 USTUTT USTUTT

Dedicated training in the aeromechanics of turbo-machinery, specifically on materials and design concepts to mitigate rotor vibration issues and to optimise magnetic bearing and motor technology. Computational modelling and simulation and probabilistic methods are at the core of the theory training. The ESR puts theory in practice together with ESR11 on the refrigeration system setup at TUD and will feed back the findings into the theoretical studies, design optimisations and material and component catalogue.

Role of non-academic sector in the training programme: The non-academic sector is an essential enabler for the successful implementation of the training program. The particular roles are shown in table 1.2d: Table 1.2d: Role of non-academic sector in the training and research programme. Company Recruits Secondment Training Contribution Research/Valorisation Impact Potentials

ALAT - ESR 4 Experience from large gas liquefaction plant projects

Participation in refrigeration plant architecture assessment

Efficiency improvement in gas and aerospace industries

ASG - ESR 3,4 Magnet design and production Improve the cooling techniques for magnets in end-use devices

More efficient magnets, generators, motors, transformers

BNG - ESR 6,13 Energy production, energy storage based on supercon-ducting magnets

Assess impacts of advances on product improvements and scout opportunities for new products

More robust, powerful, smaller gener-ators, motors, UPS, transformers

BRUKER ESR2 ESR 12 LTS wire production New high-performance wire Smaller and higher-performance NMR and MRI at reduced cost

COLUMBUS ESR7 ESR 5,6,13 ITS and HTS wire and tape production

ITS wire for high-field magnets and production of electronics

Smaller and higher performance NMR and MRI, superconducting electronics

CEMECON - ESR 1,14 Production, analysis of micro- Assess valorisation of improved Thin films for RF and electronics ap-



and nano materials coating techniques for industrial applications

plications

CRIOTEC - ESR 11 Experience from customer projects

Participation in refrigeration system test stand conception

Efficiency improvement and cost re-duction in plants and aerospace

I-CUBE ESR9 ESR 10 Concept and application of EHF. ESRs will be highly-demanded industry experts.

Determine forming limits at high-strain rates with innovative Electro Hydro Forming

Advance limits, precision and speed in aerospace and automotive part pro-duction

IEEE - - Improves the career potentials of all ESRs at a global scale. Job application process training

Catalyses transfer of knowledge to industry through high-quality con-ferences and publications. Services for the organisation of workshops, facilitates publication of results in journals and on Web

Creates awards for ESRs, increasing visibility and amplifying impact of their work. Increase impact of results and provides access to company networks

MAN - ESR 11,15 Gas machinery system and component design

Turbo compressor for light gas mixtures

Hydrogen liquefaction efficiency im-provement

RI - ESR 8,10 Cavity production Assess thin-film advances for use in ion sources and free electron lasers for material analysis

Compact X-ray, electron sources for industry, medical and research appli-cations

Terra Mater - - Coaches all ESRs in communi-cation science to media repre-sentatives and the public effi-ciently

Accompanies ESRs and companies to produce footage for a documen-tary on international, collaborative high-tech training

As function of footage, small videos or a documentary on the ITN with poten-tially large audience reach

SigmaPhi - ESR 3 Magnet design and production Cooling techniques for magnets Smaller and more efficient magnets

1.3. Qual i ty o f the superv i s ion Supervision strategy and joint supervision: All participants commit to the European Charter for Researchers. Each ESR is assigned a well identified su-pervisor (see Table 3.1d) at the employing organisation. Co-supervision is implemented for all projects and qualified partners are already identified (see tables 1.3a and 1.4a). At the secondment host, a dedicated supervi-sor provides critical commentary on research. Each fellow has a university supervisor in the doctorate degree pro-gramme. The ESRs are encouraged to complete their doctoral thesis within the project duration. If needed, the participants will grant the students access to the infrastructures on a best effort basis beyond their appointment to complete their thesis. Each ESR will provide feedback concerning training and supervision quality at institute and at network-wide level: 1) Personal career development plan (PCDP before month 12), defined in cooperation with employment and

thesis supervisors, following the EC template64, signed by all three participants. It includes the supervision agreement between employer and university, scientific and training objectives, course selection and milestones for work and safety matters. The plan is provided to the coordinator and is approved by the Supervisory and Steering Board. It is updated on a yearly basis in a face-to-face meeting between ESR and supervisors.

2) Reviews with written minutes every 3 months with employment supervisor and thesis supervisor. Informal contact with supervisors occurs at much higher frequency, typically several times per week.

3) Research project status report, doctoral study progress review, risk identification and mitigation are fixed item on the Supervisory and Steering Board meeting agenda. This approach helps identifying the need for adjustments early and to be able to develop corrective strategies in a timely fashion.

Qualifications and supervision experience of supervisors: All project supervisors, including the non-academic employers have a proven track record of student su-pervision (see Section 5 and Table 1.3a). They possess all required infrastructures to effectively supervise the ESRs, carry out the research and organise the training. Parts of the training are organised in cooperation with oth-er ITN projects (e.g. STREAM) or are offered as part of the established training of the participating academic or-ganisations (e.g. CERN, CEA, TUD, TUW, USTUTT, UGENOA, WUW). Table 1.3a: Supervision record of the Early Stage Researcher main supervisors at the recruiting organisations. ESR Participant Supervisor Training and student supervision experience

1 CERN Johan Bremer Past: 14 MSc and 3 PhD students, 6 post-doc fellows; current: 2 MSc and 1 PhD, 1 post-doc fellow 2 BRUKER Alexander Usoskin Past: 5 PhD, 22 student trainees, 3 apprentices; current: 3 apprentices 3 CEA Bertrand Baudouy Past: >20 MSc, 3 PhD students, 3 post-doc fellows; current: 2 MSc, 1 PhD student, 1 post-doc fellow 4 CEA Francois Millet Past: 10 MSc, 10 BSc, 1 PhD students; current: 1 BSc and 1 MSc student 5 WUW Peter Keinz Past: > 20 MSc, 5 PhD students; current: 4 MSc, 4 PhD students 6 CNR-SPIN Emilio Bellingeri Past: >10 BSc, 3 MSc, 2 PhD students and 2 post-doc fellows; current: 1 BSc and 1 post-doc fellow 7 COLUMBUS Giovanni Grasso Past: 3 PhD students, 4 post-doc students

64 http://ec.europa.eu/research/mariecurieactions/funded-projects/how-to-manage/funded-projects/how-to-manage/itn/career_development_plan.doc



8 HZB Jens Knobloch Past: 20 diploma and 8 PhD, current: 4 PhD students 9 I-CUBE Gilles Avrillaud Past: 1 PhD student; current: 1 PhD student

10 INFN-LNL Vincenzo Palmieri Past: 102 BSc, MSc and PhD students; current: 5 PhD students 11 TUD Christoph Haberstroh Past: approximatively 200 MSc and 30 PhD students; current: 20 MSc, 7 PhD students 12 TUW Johannes Bernardi Past: 1 BSc, 4 MSc and 1 PhD students; current: 4 BSc, 1 MSc and 4 PhD students 13 TUW Michael Eisterer Past: 12 BSc, 15 MSc and 12 PhD students; current: 5 BSc, 5 MSc and 6 PhD students 14 USIEGEN Xin Jiang Past: 26 PhD and 5 post-doc students; current: 7 PhD students and 3 post-doc fellows 15 USTUTT Damian Vogt Past: 14 MSc, 7 PhD students, 6 post-doc fellows; current: 2 MSc, 1 PhD student, 1 post-doc fellow

Quality of the joint supervision arrangements: All supervisors are experienced in joint supervision due to a similar setup in the CERN doctoral program and due to ongoing joint research activities covered by this proposal. The local supervisors monitor the progress of the project and local training courses. The university supervisors, maintaining continuous contacts with the research-ers, are responsible for all aspects related to doctoral programme courses, credits, quality of the academic contents and publications as well as the thesis preparation and exam. In addition, ESRs hosted by universities, additional co-supervision has been agreed with the network partners (see table 1.4a). The project supervisory board over-views the definition and implementation of this scheme in cooperation with the local human resource contacts. Non-academic contribution to the supervision: Non-academic beneficiaries directly supervise ESRs 2, 7 and 9. All other ESRs will be supervised by non-academic organisations during their secondments and all of them have a track record of academic cooperation and training. Those supervisors will particularly focus on integrating R&D activities into the industrial environments and will clearly communicate to the ESRs the needs and priorities of the markets. In addition, they will share with ESRs and academic partners the particular challenges that industry faces when transferring cutting-edge research results into products and services.

1.4. Qual i ty o f the proposed in t e rac t ion be tween the par t i c ipat ing organisa t ions Contribution of all participating organisations to the research and training programme: All beneficiaries and partners complement each other to commonly realize an innovative research and training program (see table 1.4a). All ESRs receive significant exposure to the industrial sector via direct employment by a non-academic beneficiary, secondments and common innovation studies in WP5.

Table 1.4a: Contributions and synergies in the research and training program.

r e d = industrial black = academic

ALAT

ASG

BNG

Bruk

er

CEA

Cem

eCon

CERN

CNR-

SPIN

Colu

mbu

s

CRIO

TEC

HZB

I-CUB

E

IEEE

INFN

-LNL

MAN

TM

RI

Sigm

aPhi

TUD

TUW

UGEN

OA

USIE

GEN

USTU

TT

WUW

*Doctorate Program J J J J J A A A A A A Employment X X X X X X X X X X X X Secondment X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X

Training X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X Transferable Skills X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X

ESR 1 T T T T T SI ET T T T TI ST T TI T T CPT T T T TK ESR 2 T T T ETI T ST T T TI T T T T CPT T T T TK ESR 3 T TS T I CEPT ST T TI T TI T T STI T T T T T TK ESR 4 TS TS T I CEPT ST T TI T TI T T TI T T T T T TK ESR 5 TI TIS TI TI T TI ST T TI TI TI TI T TI T TI TI T T T ETK ESR 6 T T TIS T TI ST ET STI T T TI T T TI T T CPT T T TK ESR 7 T TIS TIS T ST T ETI T TI T T I T T CPT T T TK ESR 8 T T T T TI ST T T ET TI T T STI T T T CPT T TK ESR 9 T T T T TI ST T T T ETI TI T T TI T T T T T TK

ESR 10 T T T T TI ST T T ST STI TI ET T TI T T T T T TK ESR 11 TI TI T I T ST T I TIS TI T STI T I EPT T T T T TK ESR 12 T T T STI T ST T I T TI T T I T EPT T T T TK ESR 13 T T T I T ST T STI T TI T T T EPT T T T TK ESR 14 T T T T STI ST T T ST TI T T I T T T ET T TK ESR 15 TI T T T ST T TI TI T STI T ST T T T ET TK

(E)mploys, (P)hD programme, (C)o-supervise, (S)econdment, (T)raining, (I)ndustrial guidance, (K)knowledge & Innovation management, *(J) Organ-isations cooperate jointly with universities in a doctorate program or (A) award directly a doctorate degree. Light-green indicates employment places.



Synergies between participants:

Figure 1.4a below depicts the synergies and interactions of the beneficiaries in realising the research program. The close cooperation in the training program including also partners becomes visible from table 1.4a above.

Figure 1.4a: Complementarity of the beneficiaries and their interactions to realise the research program.

Individual research topics that are part of the integral program presented in this ITN are already actively pursued by the consortium members locally and in form of an academic research web. EASITrain extends the existing co-operation by creating a lasting, intersectoral training program, by identifying and assessing unanticipated market opportunities. This setup gives therefore the ESRs an unparalleled opportunity to acquire the qualifications re-quested by the participating industries. It gives the non-academic partners occasions indicate research directions and to shape top researchers that can address the societal challenges with the technologies of this network.

Exposure of recruited researchers to different environments and the complementarity thereof:

EASITrain establishes a well-balanced consortium, integrating comple-mentary competences of 6 universities, 5 research centres and 13 com-panies of different sizes, from complementary technical and industrial back-grounds (see pie chart left). A topically focused secondment plan exposes the ESRs to different academic and industrial environments, giving them addi-tional insights and ideas to move their projects forward. Universities TUD, TUW, USIEGEN, USTUTT and UGENOA expose the ESRs to the fun-damental concepts of superconductivity and refrigeration machinery. WUW explores novel innovation management approaches for international collabo-rative research projects, contributes with transferrable skills and silo breaking concepts. Research centres CEA, CERN, CNR-SPIN, HZB and INFN-LNL provide access to unique infrastructures in superconducting wire, cable,

magnet development and the largest cryogenic cooling infrastructures in the world. They focus on the develop-ment of integrated systems and maintain excellent contacts with key players in industry that actively develop products in those areas. BRUKER, COLUMBUS and I-CUBE are beneficiaries in this program contributing with research and development in view of market-oriented technology deployment. ALAT, ASG, BNG, BRUKER, COLUMBUS, CEMECON, CRIOTEC, MAN, RI and SIGMAPHI cooperate on the research, training and ex-plore the valorisation potentials of the studied technologies for new products and markets. IEEE contributes with a globe-spanning scientific network for publications, conferences and links with numerous industry associations. TM works with the researchers on engaging the public in advanced technological research and in demonstrating the value of advanced international education by accompanying the ESRs along the project.



2. Impact EASITrain is a broadband training and research programme, embracing a balanced set of pioneering technologies and interpersonal skills to maximise training and scientific advancement in a domain with substantial industrial growth potential with the following impacts:

Creationofawebofnextgenerationleadingscientistsonsuperconductingtechnologiesactingaslinksbetweenaca-

demiaandEuropeanindustry.

Stimulategrowthandsolutionsofpotentiallydisruptivetechnologieswithhighimpactsinenergyefficiency,sustain-

abledevelopmentandgreaterresourceproductivity.

Develop a lasting European school and doctoral curriculum on superconducting and refrigeration technologies to

meettheever-growingdemandforskilledprofessionals.

Advancethedevelopmentofnovelprocessesnotaccessibletoasingleorganisation toproducedevicesbasedon

cuttingedgematerialsatlarge-scalethat.

2.1. Enhanc ing care er per spe c t iv e s and employab i l i t y o f r e s ear cher s and contr ibut ion to the i r sk i l l s deve lop -ment

Enhancing career perspectives: OECD reports65 that almost all of the 1.5% of individuals obtaining a PhD are employed as leading professionals or managers and that the market requires more supply of the top graduation group. This program responds to the need and stretches beyond technology to open the doors to careers as visionary leaders in research and industry: the training plan puts project management, intellectual property rights and professional communication, assess-ment of business opportunities (WUW) in cooperation with the industrial partners, efficient communication with media and the public (Terra Mater) high on the agenda. Developing silo-breaking application scenarios in close cooperation with all non-academic participants will supply the ESRs with the capability to think original and to build an ability to judge the potentials of the technologies. This interaction with potential employers directly opens career perspectives to the ESRs. Through the multidisciplinary projects, the close interaction with the participants in the network and the reliable group-based supervision, ESRs acquire expertise for a wide-range of science and industry domains faster than in traditional degree programs.

Enhancing employability: The diverse, international and strongly multisectoral setup has been specifically developed with the goal to create excellent employment opportunities in industry and to expose top qualified fellows to potential employers of key academic organisations. This ITN transmits deep domain and intersectoral skills: By carrying out their research projects, the fellows demonstrate accountability and personal project management. They learn to integrate and rely on external resources, adapt to changing requirements and environments under controlled, but realistic conditions. This project transmits essential knowledge in using Web-based collaborative tools and exploits social media where appropriate to support the creation, maintenance and extension of the network via personal invitations, to share professional profiles and research progress and to remain informed about upcoming employment and research funding opportunities. With explicit consent of the ESR and in accordance with the applicable data protection regulations66, the Coordinator creates a personal profile on LinkedIn with the fellow and connects the fellow to relevant groups and persons throughout the project period. The project website will put regular spotlight on the early stage researchers with support of media-rich contents to maximise their visibility. The involvement of a me-dia producer (Terra Mater Factual Studios67) creates opportunities to give visibility to European innovative train-ing initiative and its main actors. Active participation of ESRs at high-impact international conferences (e.g. IEEE, ESAS, ASC), joint events with industry associations and international organisations made possible through CERN’s active R&D portfolio (e.g. ivSupra, Fluxonics, Conectus, World Economic Forum, United Nations Eco-nomic Commission for Europe, IEEE), the possibility to receive academic and professional awards (e.g. IEEE Innovation Award) and the creation of a high-impact publication record are additional assets that enhance em-ployability. Special topics of the advanced researcher training focusing on career planning, job application and in-terview techniques, efficiently communicating advanced scientific concepts will further increase the value of the fellows on the international labour market. This ITN puts a particular attention on promoting the achievements and academic record of female researchers, which are still a minority in the domains addressed by this project.

65 http://dx.doi.org/10.1787/5k43nxgs289w-en 66 http://ec.europa.eu/justice/data-protection/individuals/index_en.htm 67 http://www.terramater.at/productions/sciencetm/



Skills development: EASITrain puts a focus on a pioneering technology sector in the form of a unique interdisciplinary training setup to establish a well-connected group of experts in the field. The fellows will learn to build and evaluate supercon-ducting devices considering all aspects from basic material characteristics, device design, modelling, man-ufacturing and integration to operation. The skills they acquire will come at hand in constructing and improv-ing research infrastructures with cutting-edge technologies. At industrial level, the skills serve developing medical imaging systems (MRI, PET, MEG, MCG), material and chemical analytics (NMR), electricity generators and mo-tors, transformers, automotive parts, disruptive electronics, wireless communication and sensing, satellite systems, helium and hydrogen liquefaction, industrial and automotive turbo-compressors and many more applications that will be identified in WP5. Those areas call for a broad skill base, which build on deep and solid academic founda-tions. The ITN also provides practice-oriented training in project and resource management, life-cycle man-agement, professional communication and interaction with research funding agencies, efficient engagement with the public, risk management and work safety, entrepreneurship, management of intellectual properties.

2.2. Contr ibut ion to s t ruc tur ing doc tora l/ear ly - s tage r e s ear ch t ra in ing a t the European l ev e l and to s t r eng then ing European innovat ion capac i ty

Doctoral and early stage research training at European level: The Consortium aims at transferring cutting-edge knowledge to the coming generation of product developers. Committed experts will advance and teach the fundamental understanding of supercon-ductivity, develop an understanding of how processing affects the ma-terial key properties, create an understanding for tipping point man-ufacturing methods that are compatible with superconductors and improve the sustainability of refrigeration infrastructures. The uni-versity participants will integrate the findings in their degree programs, realising a key aim of this program: to establish a durable web of part-ners committed to training beyond the project, promoting the spread of superconductivity. The Consortium partners and ESRs develop a new, publicly accessible, international doctoral degree syllabus in applied su-perconductivity that can form a pre-cursor to a European doctorate

program focusing on superconductivity. The curriculum will be a lever to establish a well-connected commu-nity across nations, helping to ensure that the market receives trained engineers in a foreseeable time frame, well equipped to respond to societal challenges. The program will attract international first class lecturers from all relevant science domains and will involve end-users from energy, medical devices, telecommunications, ICT, transport and aerospace. Integrating transferrable skills training (project management, entrepreneurship and Intellectual Property management, communications) will equip a new generation of entrepreneurial and inno-vative engineers with the skills necessary to address large-scale challenges.

Strengthening the European innovation capacity: EASITrain implements EU policies to address societal challenges, in particular the H2020 work program pillar to develop clean and efficient energy68: Performance and efficiency increase in scale production and operation of superconductors can help realizing direct-drive 10-20 MW wind power generators (15% yearly growth rate, ex-pected 20 billion Euro market by 2017), low real-estate/oil-free/extended lifetime transformers (estimated 5 bil-lion Euro market by 2020), smart and high-capacity electricity distribution networks. Novel turbo compressors and 20% more efficient Nelium refrigeration can contribute reducing the carbon footprint of industries, gas pro-duction and transport (7.5% yearly growth rate and an expected 15 billion Euro market by 2020). Advanced mate-rials, manufacturing and processing, another pillar of the H2020 work program is addressed via the electro-hydroforming and thin-film coating processes (yearly 6 billion Euro market by 2020) for the aerospace and auto-motive markets, the development of novel superconductors (Tl, HTS and MgB2) for power grid stabilisation (Su-perconducting Fault Current Limiters, 9% annual growth rate and 5 billion Euro world market by 2020), medical imaging (advanced MRI with yearly growth rate of 5% and expected 6 billion Euro market value by 2020), spec-troscopy and food safety (6% yearly growth rate, expected to reach 10 billion Euro market value in 2020), elec-tronics and ultra-wide band radiofrequency (air cargo screening market expected to grow at 5.5% annually). This ITN responds directly to the H2020 MSCA work programme 2016/17 to develop new knowledge and to enhance the skills of people behind research and innovation, to ensure excellent and innovative training, create attractive career opportunities through cross-border and cross-sector mobility and prepare researchers for current and future societal challenges: it provides skills in

68 http://ec.europa.eu/research/participants/data/ref/h2020/wp/2016_2017/main/h2020-wp1617-energy_en.pdf

PhD in Applied Superconductivity

EASITrain develops an internationalPhD curriculum for AppliedSuperconductivity with best-of-breed contributions from universities,research centres and industry. Theprogram description will be madeopenly accessible and will bepromoted by the participatinguniversities. This innovative initiativecreates impact beyond the projectperiod and makes subsequentdoctoral training at European levelmore efficient.



advanced superconductivity (wires and coatings) and cryogenics (cooling models, system integration and opera-tion), develops potential game-changers (Tl, MgB2) in HT superconductivity and refrigeration (Nelium). Meaningful contribution of the non-academic sector to the doctoral/research training: The participation of the non-academic sector is an essential element in this training network (see details in table 1.2d): The studied technologies require investments beyond the capacities of universities and research cen-tres. The companies ASG, Babcock Noell, Bruker, Columbus, SigmaPhi in this ITN have the interest and the ca-pacities to develop superconductors in view of large scale demand. MAN has ongoing R&D and business cases for machinery. CRIOTEC develops cryogenic vacuum test benches for aerospace industry and ALAT is one of the world-leaders in gas liquefaction. Hence, these partners can provide to the ESRs meaningful exposure to the business sectors. Industry and academia produce together deliverables in WP5 (Valorisation) to develop credible estimates for the market values of the studied technologies. The skills that the fellows acquire through their research in close cooperation with industrial partners (WP6) are generally applicable and are directly transferrable to non-superconductive materials and applications. These are features commonly not covered by a traditional university doctorate program. The project makes ESRs therefore sought-after candidates with in-ternational cross-sector project experience embedded in a web of academia and industry. The four years program tightens the interlinking of universities, research centres and industries to conceive innovative products (electric power generation and transmission, motors, highly sensitive sensing, high-speed electronics), life-sciences (open and mobile MRI, MEG, MCG), chemical and material analysis (NMR, free electron lasers).

2.3. Qual i ty o f the proposed measures to explo i t and d i s s eminate the pro j e c t r e su l t s Dissemination of the research results: Results will be disseminated in the form of scientific publications in relevant journals and international confer-ences. Table 2.3a gives an exemplary overview of dissemination channels. Scientific products with durable refer-ences (journal articles, conference contributions, reports and thesis) will be included in the deliverables as refer-ences. The Coordinator will track the dissemination products and include them in the periodic reports. Ci-tations are counted via Reuter’s Web Of Science and Elsevier Scopus made available at CERN. A concise bro-chure (D7.2) will provide an overview of the research and valorisation potentials (D5.1, M11). They will be shared via the yumpu.com e-publishing service to stakeholders. A media-rich version including a list of the scientific pub-lications produced in this ITN (D7.4) will be created at the end of the project, featuring the ESR profiles and achievements. Table 2.3a: Exemplary dissemination channels.

Type Exemplary channels in which supervisors publish and that this ITN will submit contents to

Scientific journals

IEEE Trans. on Applied Superconductivity, IOP Superconductor Sci. and Tech., IOP J. of Physics, Elsevier Int. J. of Refrigeration, EPS Physica C: Superconductivity and its Applications, Springer Advances in Cryogenics Engineering, CSA Cold Facts, Elsevier Int. J. of Impact Engineering, AIP JAP, Elsevier Cryogenics, IEEE/CSC/ESAS Superconductivity News Forum.

Scientific conferences

IEEE-CSC and ESAS conferences as well as leading international conference series in the do-mains: IPAC, EUCAS, ASC, ICEC/ICMC, ICR, TTC and SRF.

Scientific/technical reports

All pre-prints and the 15 doctoral thesis will be turned into openly accessible reports on CERN’s Document Server (cds.cern.ch) and in the open digital library SCOAP3 (a global partnership of 3000 libraries, funding agencies and research institutions). A special IEEE edition is considered.

Scientific presentations

Openly accessible world-wide via CERN’s Indico.cern.ch collaborative event platform.

Engineering data

Drawings, specifications, manufacturing folders, material characteristics are accessible at different visibility levels (public, consortium, specific collaborators) via CERN’s Electronic Data Manage-ment System platform.

Social networks Mini-interviews with ESRs and key researchers highlighting the most relevant findings on Youtube, LinkedIn and on the project website. Announcements and updates on Twitter and Facebook.

Project results Summary reports on CORDIS, findings submitted to Research eu results and focus magazines, youris.com and wired.com

Open access is facilitated via SCOAP3 and support from IEEE in this ITN to provide open access to relevant publications). The publications will also be announced on social networks (Facebook, Twitter, LinkedIn, Google+, ResearchGate, ScienceWISE). The project website will inform about the work programme, participants, collaboration opportunities, results, innovation potentials, meetings and links to related projects. Results will be presented at dedicated workshops in this ITN and at additional events organised by CERN and Consortium participants, namely HEPTech events. CERN also organises targeted exhibitions and parliamentary evenings in cooperation with industry associations and international organisations (ivSupra, World Economic Forum, UNECE), which offer opportunities for dedicated sessions on the potentials of superconducting technologies.



Exploitation of results:

The studied technologies have outstanding market potentials and the following list gives a glimpse of where the technologies are on the verge to become commodity: virus and

molecule analysis to speed up development of efficient pharmaceuticals, high-throughput food safety screening, ultra-wide band airborne Radar and through-wall sensing, cargo and baggage

screening, development of highly resistive materials, ultra-high speed electronics approaching energy sustainable Exascale computing, functional medical imaging, data centre uninterrupted power supply, high-speed electricity grid switching and energy buffering, high-speed trains, high-capacity wind power exploitation, cargo-ship and pas-senger aircraft propulsion. New thin-film processes are directly transferrable to applications in automotive and aerospace to realise ecological metal surface treatment, decorative and corrosion resistant coatings, wear resistant engine and gear/transmission parts, ceramic coating for rugged electronics, fluid tube protection, nuts, bolts, screws, shock absorber protection, long-life piston rings, reliable engine valves and fuel injection housing.

Topics Exploitation and valorisation examples

Conductor and magnets

Bruker and Columbus in cooperation with TUW, CERN and CNR-SPIN improve the performance of superconducting wires and novel high-field magnets. In the scope of an existing agreement with CERN, the new conductor will actually be used to pro-duce those magnets in Europe! The results will lead to medical imaging and spectroscopy device designs (Sigmaphi, ASG) with reduced size and maintenance. This extends the European leadership in this domain and provides the ground for offering new products worldwide. BNG can build on advancements on MgB2 and Tl compounds in flywheel energy storage systems.

Thin films

RI and I-CUBE/Bmax can advance together with USIEGEN, HZB and INFN-LNL on producing compact energy recovery Linacs for cargo scanning and develop more cost-effective components for free-electron lasers targeting chemical and material analysis. CNR-SPIN’s Tl-based thin films will pave the way to very high-temperature superconducting magnets, NMR/MRI pickup coils and reliable electronics in such devices. Since additional advancements on the TRL scale will be needed beyond this project, this ITN concentrates on cooperating with industry associations (Fluxonics, ivSupra, Connectus) to develop exploitation paths for elec-tronics and ultra-wide-band radiofrequency applications. CemeCon will apply the gained knowledge to improve thin-film produc-tion processes of metallic and ceramic thin films for use in automotive and aerospace to realise ecological surface treatment.

Refrigeration and turbo machinery

MAN will directly work with TUD and USTUTT on the energy-efficiency and reliability of turbo compressors for light-gases that find applications in helium and hydrogen liquefaction as well as natural gas production. Sigmaphi and ASG will apply the refrig-eration system models to improve the magnet performance for the medical market, spectroscopy, single crystal growth and other applications. CRIOTEC and ALAT will apply results from cooling system research and modelling to advance the development of cryo-vacuum test systems and large-scale industrial gas liquefaction plants in cooperation with CEA, USTUTT and TUD.

Forming I-CUBE/Bmax will build on the research improve their high-velocity forming technology69 for aerospace industry.

Training All participants cooperate establish a common, international doctoral degree program (D5.2), preparing the scene for today’s school attendants to become tomorrow’s experts in applied superconductivity.

Silo breaking

WUW will perform a screening involving all ESRs, beneficiaries and non-academic partners to select topics, which have relevant product innovation potentials. WUW staff and students will then develop exploitation strategies (D5.3) using Technological Competence Leveraging, SWOT/PESTEL analysis, and design business models. One topic with a potentially short time-to-market will be selected for a detailed realisation plan in cooperation with a non-academic partner. Challenge based innova-tion and silo breaking workshops will focus on developing yet unanticipated use-case scenarios.

Exploitation of Intellectual Property: The rules for access, use and dissemination of intellectual property, defined the H2020 Rules for Participation ap-ply to the EASITrain project. Particular agreements on IP have been set up between the academic partners and BRUKER on Nb3Sn, on MgB2 with Columbus and on Tl with CNR-SPIN. D5.3 will be accompanied by an analysis on the foreground that may be subject to IP regulations. Together with support from CERN’s le-gal service, Knowledge Transfer group and Business Incubation Centre70 provide assistance to develop li-censing, especially when it comes to joint ownership stemming from the collaborative research. Those services will help creating opportunities for the ESRs on a case-by-case basis. This process forms the basis to establish additional agreements between participants and industrial partners after consultation with the Supervisor and Steering Board. All ESRs undergo training in IP management and patent creation, to learn how to formulate re-search results in a way that permits exploitation. The Consortium Agreement will define the procedures with re-spect to IP management and legal rights creation. The identification and declaration of background is a matter for which awareness raising among the participants is already taking place at the proposal stage. Beneficiaries and partners are reminded by the Coordinator to prepare appropriate Non-Disclosure Agreements if appropriate. The ESR employers will be involved via the regular review meetings to record foreground creation and to work towards a win-win situation for the ESR, the host and potential users in the academic sector. The industrial part-ners in this ITN can directly profit from the openly accessible research results to improve their products and ser-vices offered worldwide.

69 http://www.bmax.com/airbus-helicopters-oil-deflector/ 70 http://knowledgetransfer.web.cern.ch/bic-network

EUROPE

IN



2.4. Qual i ty measures to communica t e the pro j e c t a c t iv i t i e s to d i f f e r en t targe t audience s This ITN profits from an existing communication office at CERN that supports this project. Table 2.4a details the target audiences, key messages and communication channels. The plan includes also gender specific communi-cation with the goal to raise the attractiveness of science, technology, engineering and mathematics (STEM) for female researchers. Projects coordinated by CERN are traditionally strongly linked to European steering bodies such as the EC DG R&I and national ministries. Planned common events with international organisations such as the World Economic Forum, individual companies, technology transfer networks and industrial as-sociations (e.g. ivSupra, Conectus) as well as travelling exhibitions under development will include findings from this project. A dedicated project information sheet, regular information of EC DG R&I via CERN’s EU office and work on the socio-economic potentials of the studied technologies are part of the communication plan. The future generation of scientists is a key target audience. The project will therefore produce a dedicated information package for university teachers (D7.5) to inform them about the action and the doctoral program under development. Information events involving actively the ESRs will be organised at selected beneficiary universities to inform students about the research and employment opportunities in the field. At these occasions the ESRs will report about their international training experience. Table 2.4a: Dissemination and communication plan, grouped by target audiences. Target Audience Dissemination Consortium members and associated scientists

Presentations at international conferences, publications in domain specific journals, information in owned channels (institute and university bulletins, seminars, web pages, mailing lists, newsletters such as acceleratingnews.eu), pro-gress, milestone and deliverable reports, technical notes.

Science and technology community

General science media via IEEE and the CERN communications team (e.g. Spectrum, Symmetry, EPS and APS jour-nals), institute Web pages, standard presentations for inter-sectoral meetings, interactive as well as printed brochure.

Decision takers Senior one-to-one meetings with decision takers through CERN’s representation at national and international levels (e.g. EC, ministries, UNECE, World Economic Forum), information during beneficiary organised high-level events, cov-erage by national and international traditional media (newspapers), information of relevant technology roadmap organi-sations via partner companies, brochure and multimedia material library.

Media Common work with media producers (e.g. Terra Mater in this ITN, Polarmedia with CERN), invitation of media repre-sentatives to workshops and events, participation of media partner in market potential assessment, news releases, press folder, provision of contents to key journalists, brochure and multimedia material library.

Public and schools Contents created together with media partner and engagement via media partner, provision of contents to the benefi-ciaries’ and partners’ communication offices, direct engagement via public events, social media campaigns, web site, infographics and multimedia material library. Mini-exhibition and topical guided tours during EASISchool.

Higher education Slide set for professors for lectures and seminars as well as student information events and job fairs, participation in university outreach events, provision of project brochure to university directorates and professors, direct work with se-lected universities on doctoral degree program implementation possibilities, promotion of job opportunities via university networks, inclusion of findings in academic programs. Use of social networks to promote ESR profiles and results.

Industry Information to contact persons at companies identified at project start, invitation of industry partners to network events federating international economy and trade associations as well as via IEEE’s network and publication channels, one-to-one information meetings with key industry representatives, presentations at industry controlled events and trade fairs, personal invitations of selected industries to events and invitation for student awards.

Public Engagement: Terra Mater coaches ESRs in interactive, media-supported workshops on communicating their research to the public efficiently. They will cooperate with the ESRs to develop material for media coverage targeting the non-specialist audience including socio-economic impact potentials. Regularly posted media-rich fellow portrays and research progress in bi-directional spaces (Twitter, Facebook, Instagram) creates a direct interaction with the public, permitting to increase the visibility of ESRs and to tune the pitch to different audiences. The fellows draft articles for the acceleratingnews.eu newsletter (more than 1’600 subscribers). CERN will support this activity via its owned channels (500’000 Web visitors monthly, 15’000 bulletin readers, 75’000 worldwide Courier readers) and provide news articles to the network partner communication groups. A mini-exhibition with additional guided tours for high-school pupils and teachers on the technologies and their societal impacts during the EASISchools will help bringing the research to the people. Documenting the activities through CERN’s collabora-tion with IEEE helps reaching the non-physics research and engineering communities via feature news, their owned journals and supporting the network coordinator in the submission of news to general IEEE journals. IEEE together with one industrial partner grants an innovation award71 on a yearly basis for outstanding scien-tific contribution of an ESR with significant industrial impact potential. ESRs will be encouraged and supported to actively participate in media events, such as European Researchers’ Night, TedX and science festivals72.

71 http://ati.tuwien.ac.at/news_topics/news_detail/article/8961/EN/ 72 For instance www.worldsciencefestival.com, londonsciencefestival.com, tedxcern.web.cern.ch



3. Quality and Efficiency of the Implementation 3.1. Coherence and e f f e c t i v eness o f the work p lan Table 3.1d: Individual research projects

Fellow Host institution (Supervisor) WP PhD enrolment Start date Duration Deliverables ESR1 CERN (J. Bremer) 2 Y (TUW) M6 36M D2.2, D3.1, D3.2, D5.2 Cryogenic properties of Nb3Sn and NbN superconductors on substrate Objectives: Experimentally qualify a method used by CERN and INFN-LNL to deposit layers and the reproducibility at required quality. To this end, develop a test station to characterise the superconducting material layer on the substrate and experimentally analyse the quality of the supercon-ducting layer performance under a wide temperature range from 300 K down to 4.2 K (e.g. measurement of RRR, critical temperature, magnetic penetration depth). Based on the data, develop a model and implement a numerical simulation to predict the influence of thermal properties such as heat capacity, heat conduction and heat transfer towards the substrate on the performance of the superconducting layer. Analyse the results with ESR14 (USIEGEN) and ESR10 (INFN-LNL). Expected Results: Understand the impact of thermal properties of the superconducting layer on the substrate and the interactions between sub-strate and layer. Be able to predict the performance of the superconducting layer using numerical simulation (D2.2). Identify film coating (D3.1) and manufacturing (D3.2) key parameters and quantify their impacts (D3.1). Identify training contents on superconducting thin-film layer interface as-pects (D5.2). Secondment(s): INFN-LNL (M13, V. Palmieri, up to 8 weeks, acquire skills of magnetron sputtering technique). CEMECON (M24, O. Lemmer, up to 16 weeks, learn analysis techniques of micro- and nanomaterials and use the relevant infrastructures), Fellow Host institution (Supervisor) WP PhD enrolment Start date Duration Deliverables ESR2 Bruker (A. Usoskin) 2 Y (TUW) M6 36M D2.1, D2.2, D5.1, D5.3 Assessment of high-performance superconducting wires at low temperatures Objectives: Assess the effectiveness of current density improvement in superconducting wires at low temperatures (1.9 - 4.2 K) due to grain re-finement and impurity doping aiming at Jc=1500 A/mm2 at 4.2 K and 16 T. Identify mechanisms in the conductor manufacturing and pre-material properties to control the effects. To this end, design and produce wire samples, measure transport and RRR and analyse the results. Assess optimi-zation potential by high-resolution scanning Hall probe microscopy and magnetic force microscopy that will reveal the distribution of magnetic flux to help quantifying the critical current density homogeneity within the superconducting sub-elements of multifilament wires. The objectives are attained in close collaboration with ESR1 (CERN), ESR12 and ESR13 (TUW), both necessary and complementary characterisations. Expected Results: Explain and quantify the critical current density reach of wires (D2.1) based on the material structures and the total volume pin-ning fore, indicating required material properties and giving guidelines for the optimisation (D2.2). Obtain feasibility information concerning LTS wire performance to realize a 16 Tesla magnet (D5.1). Identify the training contents on superconducting wire characteristics, current vs. field reach and potentials of LTS wire technology and their practical applications (D5.3). Secondment(s): CERN (M6, A. Ballarino, up to 12 weeks, insight in development and characterisation of superconducting wires in the area of su-perconducting magnet design and cost estimation), TUW (M23, M. Eisterer, up to 12 weeks, quantify the impacts of introducing point-pinning centres in the nanometer size range via neutron irradiation). Fellow Host institution (Supervisor) WP PhD enrolment Start date Duration Deliverables ESR3 CEA (B. Baudouy) 4 Y (Université Paris Saclay) M6 36M D4.1, D4.3, D5.1, D5.2, D5.3 Cryogenic and thermal properties of superconducting magnet coils Objectives: Model and experimentally validate the heat transfer in helium under different thermodynamic conditions (superfluid, super-critical, normal) in channels with hydraulic diameters from a few mm down to µm in steady state and transient conditions. Perform ther-mal measurements on actual insulated coils using the “stack” method developed by CEA-SACM in cooperation with CERN. Implement the numerical model and software tool to be able to predict the thermal behaviour of superconducting magnet coils. Cooperate with ESR4 at CEA-SBT on the integration of the tool with an overall cryogenic system modelling and simulation. Expected Results: Achieve improved cryogenic design of superconducting magnet coils as consequence of the fundamental under-standing of the heat transfer mechanisms in helium-permeable insulations and the thermal behaviour of superconducting magnet coils under different thermodynamic helium conditions. Documentation of impacts on overall cooling architectures (D4.1, D4.3). Provide a tool and description for use by research infrastructures (D5.1) and industry (D5.3) to right-size the helium cooling in order to control the real-estate and cost of a superconducting magnet or a product using such a device. Provide training contents on superconducting magnet coil thermal properties (D5.2). Secondment(s): CERN (M6, Tavian, up to 8 weeks, participate in the thermal measurements of superconducting coils using the “stack” method), ASG (M13, R. Marabotto, up to 8 weeks, understand magnet cooling requirements in applications), Sigmaphi (M23, F. Forest, up to 12 weeks, work in team on the cryogenic thermal design of a superconducting magnet). Fellow Host institution (Supervisor) WP PhD enrolment Start date Duration Deliverables ESR4 CEA (F. Millet) 4 Y (U. Grenoble Alpes) M6 36M D4.1, D5.1, D5.2, D5.3 Cooling architectures and cryogen distribution in superconducting magnets Objectives: Develop an overview of different cooling architectures in cooperation with ESR3 at CEA Saclay and establish a library of reference components for all parts of the cryogenic cooling system including cryoplant and cryogen distribution to the devices (e.g. mag-nets, radiofrequency cavities, current leads). In cooperation with ESR3, establish an extensible efficiency model and develop a simula-tion tool for different architectures and cooling schemes and determine the cooling limits of selected design options. Integrate the poten-tials and constraints from TUD (ESR11) and USTUTT (ESR15). Based on the findings, optimise the process and model-based control for large-scale refrigeration and distribution applications. Expected Results: Obtain a configurable model and a simulation tool to predict the efficiency of large-scale helium cooling for super-conducting magnets for use in research infrastructures (D5.1) and industrial applications (D5.3). Assess and document the merits of different cooling architectures for magnets in terms of efficiency and costs for different application scenarios (D4.1). Obtain effective strategies to achieve defined service levels in terms of reliability, availability and safety. Compile training contents on cryogenic refrigera-tion infrastructures and device cooling architectures (D5.2). Secondment(s): CERN (M6, L. Tavian, 8 weeks, work with magnet and cryogenics groups on the cooling requirements and modeling of large cooling systems), ASG (M13, R. Marabotto, up to 8 weeks, understand magnet cooling requirements in applications), ALAT (M23, P. Barjhoux, 12 weeks, understand requirements of industrial large-scale and high capacity cryogenic gas liquefaction plants).



Fellow Host institution (Supervisor) WP PhD enrolment Start date Duration Deliverables ESR5 WUW (P. Keinz) 4 Y (WUW) M6 36M D5.1, D5.2, D5.3 Success factors for transfer of knowledge from science to market Objectives: Evaluate state-of-the-art Collaborative Innovation Management methods and assess how these methods can be implemented to foster knowledge transfer and exchange in a high-tech environment. The focus lies on transferring technological competences developed by organisations for fundamental research to commercially viable applications. Generate recommendations for the design and management of collaborative innova-tion endeavours. Assess the potentials of the technologies in this ITN together with the industrial partners and develop a credible roadmap for the most promising technology advancements towards industrial and societal applications. The ESR visits all non-academic partners for the work. Expected Results: Establish a catalogue of technologies developed in this project (D5.1) as input to develop estimations for market valorisation achieved by technology advancements together with confidence indicators (D5.3). To develop this deliverable, document the key challenges when planning to cross the gap between basic research and application. Analyse the non-technological gaps (methods, tools, terminology, planning, exe-cution, expectations) between academia, research and industry and contribute with training contents addressing those gaps. Define transferrable skills training contents (D5.2). Secondment(s): CERN (M6, A. Ballarino, 8 weeks) collect data on real life collaborative innovation projects and conduct expert interviews with scientists and KT officers, CNR-SPIN (M11, S. Bellingeri, 4 weeks, understand the technology readiness level of novel HTS), Columbus (M23, R. Marabotto, 8 weeks, understand the technology readiness level of MgB2 and study applications, market entry scenarios). Fellow Host institution (Supervisor) WP PhD enrolment Start date Duration Deliverables ESR6 CNR-SPIN (E. Bellingeri) 3 Y (UGENOA) M4 36M D2.2, D3.3, D5.1, D5.2, D5.3 Production of high temperature superconducting Thallium-based thin-film coatings Objectives: Explore viable routes for the production of different phases of the Tl-1212 and Tl-1223 systems. To this end, prepare first poly-crystalline thick films from powder on various different substrates (e.g. silver) such as ink technique or electroplating and optimise the production towards the fabrication of coatings from the optimised precursors and plated substrate. Quantify and minimise Tl losses and improve super-conducting properties in an iterative process with TUW (ESR12 and ESR13) by performing oxygen and high-pressure treatment. Expected Results: Obtain suitable amorphous or nanocrystalline precursors and fabrication recipes for Tl-1223 and Tl-1212 superconducting thin film synthesis, identify and optimise a production route for Tl-based coatings (D3.3). Gain an understanding on the superconducting and structural properties of Tl coatings (D2.2) in view of application scenarios in future accelerators (D5.1) and identified industrial applications (D5.3). Define training contents on superconducting MgB2 thin-film production (D5.2). Secondment(s): CERN (M6, S. Calatroni, 8 weeks, learn HTS thin-film deposition, behaviour in vacuum and under cryogenic conditions), BNG (M13, W. Walter, up to 8 weeks, understand requirements for HTS use in industrial device and suitability of thin films), COLUMBUS (M31, M. Trop-peano, 12 weeks, familiarisation with production processes of high-temperature superconductor wires and quality key performance indicators). Fellow Host institution (Supervisor) WP PhD enrolment Start date Duration Deliverables ESR7 COLUMBUS (G. Grasso) 3 Y (UGENOA) M6 36M D2.1, D3.4, D5.1, D5.2, D5.3 Development of MgB2 wire for high-field magnet applications Objectives: Develop a novel MgB2 wire, which is suitable for use in high field magnets at required current densities in fields above 10 Tesla, oper-ated at liquid helium temperature (~ 4 K), extending today’s state-of-the-art conductor only suitable for use in fields below 5 T. Assess the likelihood to extend operation up to 16 Tesla. Work in cooperation with TUW (ESR12, ESR13) to understand the key performance indicators determining the wire performances and optimise the production process. Expected Results: Identify viable strategies for production of MgB2 wire for high-field applications and obtain a suitable wire layout for industrial production (D3.4). Obtain a detailed characterisation of the wire and its performances (D2.1). Produce 5-10 km of MgB2 wire for CERN suitable for the construction of a magnet coil (D5.1) and document the impact on future accelerator designs. Identify MgB2 field reach and use-cases in industry and healthcare (D5.3). Develop training contents on MgB2 wire design and production (D5.2). Secondment(s): CERN (M6, A. Ballarino, 8 weeks, understand magnet and coil production requirements, wire and coil measurement techniques), TUW (M13, M. Eisterer, 8 weeks, understand wire characterisation methods and impacts of the wire design and the production process on its per-formance), TUW (M24, M. Eisterer, 8 weeks each, common work on assessment of wire performance for high-field coils and magnets). Fellow Host institution (Supervisor) WP PhD enrolment Start date Duration Deliverables ESR8 HZB (J. Knobloch) 2 Y (USIEGEN) M6 36M D2.2, D3.2, D5.2 Radiofrequency properties of superconducting Nb3Sn and NbN thin films Objectives: Determine the radiofrequency properties (high-radiofrequency surface resistance in the nΩ range, obtainable RF field gradient) of A15 and B1 compounds low-temperature superconductor thin films by measuring surface resistance of material samples at different temperatures (2.5 K and 4 K) at three different, fixed RF frequencies. Measure penetration depth of superconducting material into the substrate with at least two com-plementary methods. Consequently, analyse the production recipes (ESR14 USIEGEN, ESR1 CERN) and manufacturing methods (ESR9 I-CUBE, ESR10 INFN-LNL) and examine impacts on to the measured radiofrequency property results. Identify the coating parameters impacting the RF performance most and establish a dependency model. Expected Results: Obtain a model, which qualifies the relation between coating parameters and the expected RF performance (D2.2). Document a model that enlists the dominating loss mechanisms at different frequencies and temperatures and explains the impacts of the most relevant coating parameters and bundle it appropriately for training purposes (D5.2). Document key parameters to be optimised for manufacturing techniques (D3.2). Secondment(s): CERN (M6, Guillaume Rosaz, 8 weeks, understand the CERN developed thin-film Nb3Sn coating process), CEMECON (M13, O. Lemmer, 8 weeks, understand thin film coating production concepts), RI (M23, M. Pekeler, 12 weeks, learn the industrial production of RF cavities built with thin-film technology from material to final product),



Fellow Host institution (Supervisor) WP PhD enrolment Start date Duration Deliverables ESR9 I-CUBE (G. Avrillaud) 3 Y (CEMEF Mines Paris Tech) M7 36M D3.2, D5.1, D5.2, D5.3 High velocity forming of superconducting structures with bulk Nb and Cu substrate Objectives: Determine forming limits at high strain rates of high-velocity Electro-Hydraulic Forming (EHF) for Cu structures as substrate for super-conducting coating and for bulk superconducting Nb. Develop a model for the impact of the method on the superconducting performances of the final product, in particular in terms of correlation with the microstructure (ESR12, TUW), RRR under cryogenic conditions (ESR1, CERN) and com-pare to alternative forming methods (ESR10, INFN-LNL). Due to the high strain operation lasting only for milliseconds, analyse the mechanical properties after the process in the entire temperature range from 300 K to 4 K. Expected Results: Qualify high-velocity forming for superconducting applications (D5.1, D5.3) by understanding the fabrication process, the limits at high strain rate, the process parameters with key impacts (D3.2) on the Cu material in view of superconductor deposition and on bulk Nb. Devel-op training material (D5.2) essential to understand the use of EHF for superconducting applications. Secondment(s): CERN (M7, F. Bertinelli, 8 weeks, understand radiofrequency application needs, production techniques and measurement princi-ples), HZB (M15, J. Knobloch, 8 weeks, learn properties of superconducting thin films), CERN (M35, J. Bremer, 8 weeks, assess EHF impacts on interface between superconducting thin film and substrate). Fellow Host institution (Supervisor) WP PhD enrolment Start date Duration Deliverables ESR10 INFN-LNL (V. Palmieri) 3 Y (U. Padova) M6 36M D3.1, D3.2, D5.1, D5.2, D5.3 Advanced surface coating techniques for superconducting radiofrequency cavities Objectives: Develop a novel coating technique for A15 and B1 compounds based on high-rate ion coupled magnetron sputtering of Cu structures. Define and set up a test bench to assess the effectiveness of the manufacturing approach for radiofrequency performance at cryogenic operation temperature of 1.8 K. Measure complete, 6 GHz cavities with respect to their radiofrequency behaviour in cooperation with HZB (ESR8). Under-stand the role of film purity and the absence of defects versus the role of the thermal boundary resistance at the film/Cu substrate interface in coop-eration with CERN (ESR1) by modulating the superconductor penetration into the Cu substrate and its influence on the Q-slope. Derive correlations of radiofrequency performances of thin-film cavities to the parameters of the sputtering process and the associated deposition conditions. Identify impacts of the forming process in cooperation with I-CUBE (ESR9). Expected Results: Gain knowledge about the potentials of A15/B1 sputtered Cu radiofrequency cavities to achieve performances, which are com-parable to cavities constructed from bulk Nb at LNL and at CERN (D5.1). Via the chain of forming, manufacturing and measuring, obtain iteratively enhanced purity and defect-free structure of film coatings by adjusting the sputtering configuration (D3.1). Understand the impact of the SC/Cu interface and the forming processes (D3.2). Document application scenarios (D5.3), produce training contents for the sputtering process (D5.2). Secondment(s): CERN (M6, Walter Venturini Delsolaro, 8 weeks, compare LNL test bench process with a different process at CERN), I-CUBE (M12, G. Avrillaud, 12 weeks, receive introduction into concepts and performance of EHS high-velocity forming process), RI (M33, M. Pekeler, 8 weeks, compare and discuss results, materials and methods in view of improving cost and efficiency of coated cavity production). Fellow Host institution (Supervisor) WP PhD enrolment Start date Duration Deliverables ESR11 TUD (C. Haberstroh) 4 Y (TUD) M6 36M D4.2, D5.1, D5.2, D5.3 Development and efficiency assessment of a reference Nelium refrigeration cycles Objectives: Identify and describe a reference Neon-Helium (Nelium) mixture refrigeration cycle for a target temperature range of 20-70 K, indicating the Carnot efficiency for the refrigerator. Specify the suitable refrigerants and their composition. Based on the cycle speci-fications for different Nelium mixture ratios and overall magnet cooling requirements obtained from CERN and CEA (ESR4), develop a cooling system architecture and list suitable candidate components for the different configurations in view of building the system in co-operation with USTUTT (ESR15): turbo compressors, motors, turbo-expanders, heat exchangers and circulators. In the frame of a con-tract with an industrial supplier, specify and build a turbo-compressor test setup in cooperation with ESR15 in the 10-30 kW range with Nelium supply and gather data to understand limitations, derive scaling laws, estimate suitable unit sizes of refrigeration power and the associated required input power specifications. Develop a cost model and estimate the costs for different cooling systems, depending on target temperature and cooling power. Expected Results: Establish an experimentally validated Nelium refrigeration cycle with understanding of its working and the resulting efficiency (D4.2). Be able to compare that cycle to alternatives cycles based on documented key performance indicators. Have a modu-lar machine configuration description, which can be tailored to different Neon/Helium mixture ratios and selected target operation pa-rameters, such as cooling power and cost. Obtain an assessment of suitability of industrially available turbo compressors and have doc-umentation about the required modifications. Report on the potential performance improvements and cost reductions for future accelera-tors (D5.1) and for industrial applications (D5.3). Provide overall refrigeration system descriptions as training contents (D5.2). Secondment(s): CERN (M6, L. Tavian, 8 weeks, document refrigeration system requirements), CRIOTEC (M13, M. Roveta, 8 weeks, requirements and specification of turbo-compressor test bench), MAN (M26 P. Jenny, 12 weeks, perform gap analysis of industrial turbo compressors and work with company on improvement concepts). Fellow Host institution (Supervisor) WP PhD enrolment Start date Duration Deliverables ESR12 TUW (J. Bernardi) 2 Y (TUW) M6 36M D2.1, D2.2, D5.2 Microstructural characterisation of superconducting materials Objectives: Measure the impact of manufacturing processes and ionizing radiation on superconducting materials (Nb3Sn, NbN, MgB2 and Tl-1223, possibly additional ones at low temperatures) in wires (ESR2, ESR7, ESR13) and thin films (ESR6, ESR14). For this purpose, prepare the brittle samples using TEM lamella preparation by Focused Ion Beam as alternative to the classical methods (grinding, polishing, ion beam thinning). Char-acterise the microstructure by electron microscopy (SEM, TEM), analyse diffusion characteristics from filaments to metal matrix and investigate the chemical homogeneity across the filaments. For Tl-1223 coatings, the development of texture by grain alignment will be a key observable. Expected Results: Understand the limitations in electrical performance based on the microstructure of the materials and document methods to-gether with material producers (BRUKER, COLUMBUS, CNR-SPIN, USIEGEN) to overcome those limitations (D2.1, D2.2). Identify training contents and lectures/laboratory exercises regarding superconducting material characterisation for doctoral program (D5.3). Secondment(s): CERN (M6, A. Ballarino, 8 weeks, insight in characterisation of superconducting wires for use in magnets), Bruker (M23, A. Usoskin, 12 weeks, performance impact analysis of microstructure on superconducting wires at low temperatures).



Fellow Host institution (Supervisor) WP PhD enrolment Start date Duration Deliverables ESR13 TUW (M. Eisterer) 2 Y (TUW) M6 36M D3.2, D2.2, D5.2 Characterisation of superconducting properties of Thallium-based coatings and MgB2 wires Objectives: Understand in-depth the physics governing current transport in Tl-based coatings with ESR6 (CNR-SPIN) and in MgB2 wires with ESR7 (Columbus). Reveal correlations of superconducting properties with material features. Assess local properties (grain boundary transparency, pre-sence of secondary phases and cracks, local texture) using scanning probe studies. Optimise large-area, high-resolution magnetic field mapping system to complement data from existing Scanning Hall Probe Microscopy by increasing scan range and spatial resolution. Perform transport measurements and SQUID magnetometry in high fields up to 15 Tesla, with the KHM method to allow for separation of inter- and intragranular cur-rents. Examine micro- and nanostructure by SEM/TEM to facilitate correlation between material features and superconducting properties. Expected Results: Identify material features dictating the superconducting properties under different electrical and magnetic operation conditions. Obtain a comprehensive set of critical current density limits over a large temperature and magnetic field range. Document and compare inter- and intragranular current densities (D2.2). Outline prospects for further material development (D3.2). Identify training contents on superconductive per-formance of Tl films and MgB2 wires (D5.2). Secondment(s): CERN (M6, S. Calatroni, 8 weeks, understand HTS thin-film behaviour under high vacuum and cryogenic conditions), BNG (M25, W. Walter, 8 weeks, understand applicability of HTS for energy applications), COLUMBUS (M29, G. Grasso, 12 weeks, impacts of wire production technology on MgB2 wire performance). Fellow Host institution (Supervisor) WP PhD enrolment Start date Duration Deliverables ESR14 USIEGEN (X. Jiang) 3 Y (USIEGEN) M4 36M D3.1, D3.2, D5.2 Production of superconducting Nb3Sn and NbN thin films Objectives: Synthesise A15 and B1 (e.g. Nb3Sn, NbN) low-temperature superconducting thin film coatings on Cu substrates for radiofrequency characterization at HZB (ESR8). Select representative microstructural and electrical properties for subsequent quality assessment as function of substrate type (Al2O3 or Cu) and temperature; adjust film thickness and N2 flow rate. Analyse and optimise the synthesis process with respect to radiofrequency performance by correlating essential process parameters with the thin film structure and its characteristics. Expected Results: Understand the interdependencies of synthesis process parameters and the performance of the thin film structure (D3.2). Im-prove the substrate handling during the coating process in order to obtain homogeneous coating at the required quality scales in a reproducible fashion at large (D3.1). Document training contents concerning the synthesis of low-temperature superconducting thin films (D5.2). Secondment(s): CERN (M6, Guillaume Rosaz, 8 weeks, understand the RF application and tune the production process to the requirements), RI (M15, M. Pekeler, 8 weeks, assist cavity production and testing to understand the RF performance of thin films in devices), CEMECON (M23, O. Lemmer. 12 weeks, learn micro- and nanomaterial processing & analysis techniques). Fellow Host institution (Supervisor) WP PhD enrolment Start date Duration Deliverables ESR15 USTUTT (D. Vogt) 4 Y (USTUTT) M6 36M D4.2, D5.1, D5.2, D5.3 Assessment and optimisation of efficient turbo compressors for light gases (Neon-Helium mixtures) Objectives: Design a turbo compressor for the operation with light gases (Neon/Helium mixtures) and perform aerodynamic and struc-tural analysis of the system. Study the thermodynamic cycles for large cryogenic loads and their impacts on the working medium and the impact on the machine induced by operation at low Mach numbers and the light gas in cooperation with TUD (ESR11). Quantify static and dynamic stresses, qualify different materials and propose design solutions that are suitable for operation with light gases. Give guidelines for the aerodynamic and mechanical design of the compressor and the manufacturing techniques to be applied. Expected Results: Obtain a design for a turbocompressor optimised for operation with light-gases for cryogenic cooling application. Have a profound understanding and description of the structural loading and the aerodynamic phenomena originating from the use of Nelium mixtures. Have a catalogue of materials for the turbo compressor design, reference component specifications, an assessment of the manufacturing process and production cost estimates (D4.2). Report on performance improvement and cost reduction potentials in the accelerator domain (D5.1), the industrial sector (D5.3) and provide a refrigeration system training contents together with TUD (D5.2). Secondment(s): CERN (M6, 8 weeks, L. Tavian, understand requirements and operation concepts of large-scale cryogenic refrigeration infrastructures), TUD (M9, C. Haberstroh, 8 weeks, setup and operation of turbo compressor bench, common work on refrigeration sys-tem architecture, design and documentation), MAN (M26, P. Jenny, 12 weeks, perform gap analysis of industrial turbo compressors and work with company on improvement concepts).

3.2. Appropr ia t eness o f the management s t ruc ture s and procedures Network organisation and management structure:

The organisation structure of the project (Figure 3.2a) consists of the following bodies: Supervisory and Steering Board (SSB), Executive Co-ordination Committee (ECC), Pro-ject Office (PO), Work Packages (WP) with work package leaders (WPL), project and thesis supervi-sors. The PO consists of CERN staff appointed part-time to the pro-ject (project assistant, administration assistants, HR advisors, finance of-

ficers, legal advisors, knowledge and technology transfer officers) with extensive experience in European Frame-work Programs and Marie Słodowska Curie networks. The Network Coordinator (NC, CERN) performs the eve-ryday management of the project, supported by the PO and the WP leaders. The NC prepares the Grant and Consortium Agreements, acts as intermediary between the consortium and the EC, represents the network, organ-

Figure 3.2a: Project organisation structure



ises meetings, collects and submits deliverables, monitors compliance with EC and consortium rules, administers the grant, tracks and records project progress. The Supervisory and Steering Board (SSB) is the top decision-making body and monitors the execution of the project. It consists of the NC representative, one delegate per beneficiary and partner and one representative of the ESRs. SSB consent is required for appointments proposed by the NC, project responsibles as well as work program adjustments. The board shall ensure an adequate balance in the training activities through personalised research and complementary training, to provide the researchers with the skills needed for future employment. The non-academic board members shall contribute and verify that the training is in-line with the needs of the market. The SSB elects its chair from among its members. The board meets at least once per year and more often upon written request by any member or the chair. Draft minutes of the meetings will be distributed to all board members as the basis for progress monitoring and steering actions. They require approval at the following meet-ing. Decision taking shall aim at finding consensus, but should this not be possible, the members shall take deci-sions by a two-third majority. In case of a tie, the vote of the chair prevails. The Executive Coordination Committee (ECC) manages the science and training program. It consists of the WPLs and is chaired by the Coordinator. The Chair of the SSB participates ex-officio. It reviews the progress, takes decisions on technical and administrative matters based on a consensus finding process, and consolidates draft deliverables. The ECC shall meet twice per year and as often as necessary. Minutes of the meetings are dis-tributed to all members in draft form. They require approval at the following meeting. The ECC assists and facili-tates the work of the SSB, notably on reporting to the SSB regularly, providing suggestions for network policies and procedures, act promptly in cases which do not warrant a dedicated SSB meeting or in matters for which the SSB chair seeks advice and assistance, provide follow-up to the SSB on organisational tasks and follow up the network-wide recruitment to ensure timely and adequate appointment for the research projects. The Work Package Leaders (WPL) ensure effective cooperation between the participants in the WPs and across WP boundaries, track the work progress, steer the activities and make sure that milestones are achieved and that deliverables are produced as planned. They lead the preparation of all required reports concerning their WP. Each WP will have a coordinator with a deputy from a different organisation to improve workload and risk shar-ing. The WPLs are appointed by the SSB, following the proposal of the NC. The decision-making process will be outlined in the Consortium Agreement (CA), which defines unified proce-dures and established a transparent network. The definition of adequate measures for dissemination, exploitation, intellectual property rights (IPR) and return mechanisms for the use of results will be made clear for all beneficiar-ies and partners and will help prevent conflicts from arising. IPR and publication rules will be an integral part of the CA. Governance and executive bodies will base their decision making on the principle of consensus finding and simple majority votes. If necessary, the Coordinator shall call for a conflict resolution meeting, as specified in the CA. Conflict resolution will be performed in increasing order of authority, the last step being the creation of an Arbitration Committee. The Recruitment Strategy defines that each network partner performs the hiring individually, following their own rules and guidelines, complying with the MSCA mobility rules and taking all measures to implement the prin-ciples set out in the European Charter for Researchers and Code of Conduct for the Recruitment of Researchers. To efficiently implement the process, the Coordinator provides a job vacancy model and application quick guide to the beneficiaries at the time of project approval. The HR departments of all participants will advertise the posi-tions. The Coordinator will also announce the vacancies via its own channels, for instance via an R&D network with more than 90 institutes world-wide, via CERN’s Web, social networks such as LinkedIn, Facebook, Twitter and IEEE channels, mailing lists, at conferences such as IPAC, IEEE CSC events and related H2020 project meetings such as EuroCirCol, ARIES, EURAXESS and through word of mouth. Recruitment process: 1) Creation of vacancy notice, 2) approval of notices by a preliminary ECC formed as by the submitting beneficiaries, 3) advertisement of the notices, 4) selection of the applicants from M1 onwards (hiring starts), 5) endorsement of selection by appointed ECC after management kick-off meeting, 6) employment and induction into the network and recruitment partner. 7) Development of a Personal Career Development Plan (PCDP) until M12. The ECC coordinates and follows up the recruitment process to ensure timely appointments. Selection of candidates: Applications will undergo a rigorous selection based on quality and potential, matching scientific and soft skills with the vacancy and the goals of the project. The assessment includes academic qualifica-tions, experience, achievements, communication skills, mobility, interest in dissemination and exploitation, the will and potential to grow. After a video pre-screening, the local assessment shall be done by a board comprising a local HR coordinator, representatives of the local network participant and one representative of the ECC. Togeth-er with the Scientist in charge A. Ballarino and Training WPL M. Putti they will work to achieve fair gender bal-ance. ESRs who will be offered a contract will be informed about work health and safety risks related to their in-dividual research project.



Working conditions: Applicants will be offered a full employment contract, health insurance and pension fund membership. A work risk assessment will be carried out by each employing beneficiary (M1.3) and each ESR will undergo work and environmental safety protection training in accordance with applicable EU (e.g. Directive 2006/25/EC), national laws and existing employment host standards. Safety trainings will be recorded in the PCDP and the health & safety risk analysis will be kept by the network coordinator. Scientific misconduct: The Consortium will adopt the European Code of Conduct for Research Integrity73. All participants will be informed about that framework during the management kick-off meeting and will be asked to implement the principles in project teams. ESRs will receive dedicated information about the code of conduct during the induction event. Supervisors and ESRs are encouraged to watch for implementation and to bring evi-dence for misconduct to the attention of the ECC. The ECC will review the case and decide on immediate correc-tive action or on escalation to the SBB, depending on the severity of the case. Progress monitoring and evaluation of individual projects: Each ESR research project and doctoral thesis supervisor is already identified at the time of the proposal submis-sion. They will coordinate and monitor the progress of the assigned project in cooperation with a project contact at the coordinator site, who is also already identified at the time of submission (see Document 2, page 2). The two project contacts can at any moment interact with the ECC about ESR’s progress, on training and on unforeseen events that may impact the technical goals, scope or schedule. The SSB supports, monitors and follows-up the training and research programmes at least on a yearly basis. In addition, a mid-term review is conducted by the SSB to monitor the scientific and technical quality of each ESR and at network level. Record keeping is exclusively performed via the project’s Intranet SharePoint platform, based on Web-based forms and with support of Indico meeting and Vidyo teleconference tools. A dedicated administrative assistant at the coordinator site follows up the tracking and record evolution of the fellow cohort comprising essential infor-mation such as the PCDP evolution, training records, pre-publication process and publications, patent and licens-ing notes to ensure evidence of IP creation, training and supervision feedback, visiting procedures.

Intellectual Property Rights: This ITN adopts the DESCA74 model Consortium Agreement with respect to IPR: Existing background remains with the current holder and foreground developed in the scope of this project belongs to creator of this fore-ground. Particularly protected background that is required to perform the research will be identified in the course of the CA preparation and will be made available through a dedicated bi-lateral agreement between provider and recipient, such as an NDA that needs to be signed by the ESR upon appointment. Any other background is ex-cluded from project use. A Beneficiary or Partner has at any point in time the option to add background. Fore-ground created in the scope of this project shall be owned by the developing organisation. In case of joint devel-opments, institutions will retain the IP jointly and the institutions will develop a dedicated exploitation agreement. In the course of secondments, researches may be requested to sign a Partnership Agreement or NDA. Beneficiar-ies or Partners requiring this practice will communicate the need for such practice before submitting this proposal. In order to ease the establishment of a Consortium Agreement, a draft is already prepared and circulated to all Beneficiaries and Partners at the time of proposal submission. This ITN will train ESRs via dedicated sessions and will expose the ESRs to real IP negotiations and licensing cases. Gender equality aspects: All partners in this network are committed to promote and actively pursue gender balance. The Principal Inves-tigator, Amalia Ballarino, a leading female scientist and Training WP leader Marina Putti, also a female scien-tist with outstanding academic record, act as monitors in the selection board and to counteract the un-derrepresentation of women. Recruiting organisations will receive a guide together with the Women’s Em-powerment Principles at project start. All participants will monitor the team evolution and gender distribution during meetings and events. Regular social media campaigns will help to create a culture to include diversity and gender equality in the daily routine of this project. Special attention will be given to encourage female applications. Hiring professionals will be instructed to find solutions for applicants with children and partners, since those cir-cumstances are considered particular obstacles to mobility. The Consortium resource plan will establish a com-mon fund, fed from the institutional unit costs for gender equality support during exceptional situations (e.g. se-condment, conference) on a case-by-case basis. Each ESR will receive dedicated material on gender aspects and all ESRs will be encouraged to join women in science networks and to participate at dedicated conferences such as IUPAP International Conference on Women in Physics. The network will strive for equal representation of genders at scientific meetings. The appointment of a gender equality officer creates a safe environment for ESRs to disclose experiences of prejudice, discrimination or difficulty. Anonymity and confidentiality will be as- 73 http://www.esf.org/fileadmin/Public_documents/Publications/Code_Conduct_ResearchIntegrity.pdf 74 http://www.desca-2020.eu



sured and action taken only as desired by the fellow. Encouragement and support will be offered to any ESR wishing to pursue a complaint and will be dealt with in a sensitive manner. Data management plan: The consortium will draw up an initial Data Management Plan applying the FAIR data management principles by M6 (D1.3) using the DMPOnline tool. Initially, the goal is to make processed datasets associated with re-search publications openly available. Given the heterogeneity of characterisation setups and methods and the different types of analysis for wires and thin films, this ITN will operate an Open Data working group that gradually develops the most appropriate approaches and formats of data gathering and publication. Table 3.2a gives a first, brief overview of the data. Table 3.2a: Summary of data subject to a Data Management Plan in this project Data Topic Description Purpose of collection and generation

Establish a durable quality reference supporting the validity and correctness of the research results concerning super-conducting wires and thin films.

Relation to objectives of project

This training network creates a pool of highly competent engineers and scientists in the field of superconductivity and lays the foundation for a continuing doctoral degree program in the field. The ESRs perform research in the domain of innovative superconducting materials and prepare the ground for a deep understanding of material properties for appli-cation development. The openly available data set will therefore improve the valorization of the ESR’s work and the entire project for the science and engineering community as well as the industrial partners in this ITN.

Types and formats of data generated and collected

Raw measurement data are not suitable for open publications, since even with annotations the data require substantial additional expert information to be interpretable. Frequently the measurement setups differ so that raw data from differ-ent sources cannot be easily integrated. Consequently, the initial goal is to make processed data used in the scientific publication available together with the publications. Those data are frequently represented as annotated numeric and textual data (e.g. spreadsheet, CSV, XML or JSON format) with links to images and histograms. Depending on the di-versity and size to be detailed in the DMP (D1.3) a suitable platform will be selected to store and make the data availa-ble (e.g. Zenodo or a database infrastructure at CERN).

Is any existing data reused

ESRs will start by collecting and publishing wire and thin-film characteristics information generated in this project. De-pending on the success of this initiative, the coordinator will propose to extend the activity to previously gathered data.

Origin of the data Laboratory measurement campaigns carried out by the ESRs in this project. Expected size of the data

D1.3 will include estimates.

Data utility

The data should be useful for the ESRs to compare their methodologies and permit verification of results. The initiative could be used as a foundation for further superconductor characterization and to serve as a potential basis for a durable data information platform in the field. The data may also be useful for industrial partners to obtain an independent char-acterization of their developments, to re-focus their R&D activities and to demonstrate their high-performance develop-ments through independent validation.

3.3. Appropr ia t eness o f the in f ras t ruc ture o f the par t i c ipat ing organisa t ions Each beneficiary is active in the research topics relevant to this proposal and contributes with specialized high-tech laboratories and world-class facilities. The beneficiaries and partners forming the consortium are already working together, know the organisation and structure of projects coordinated by CERN and have functioning administrative services to appropriately support the research and training. Companies BRUKER and CO-LUMBUS are leading producers of superconducting cables with large-scale production lines. Supervisors A. Usoskin and G. Grasso are regular academic trainers. I-CUBE manufactures for aerospace industry and is actively developing innovative technologies with dedicated R&D facilities. Supervisor G. Avrillaud is supervising doctoral students in this context. TUW, CERN, HZB, INFN-LNF, CNR-SPIN have a tradition of developing and charac-terising superconductors with infrastructures that are considered unique in Europe. USIEGEN adds a vast exper-tise in synthesis and characterisation of thin-films and in surface science with a comprehensive set of tools. A comparable setup exists for the beneficiaries CEA, CERN, TUD and USTUTT who have a record of collabora-tion in the cryogenics sector, exploiting their complementary skills and infrastructures for the study of cooling cycles, modelling and simulation, machinery development and system integration. WUW has proven experience in successfully contribution with innovation management and training to MSCA projects. Terra Mater is an award-winning media producer (e.g. Emmy®, Wildscreen, Golden Panda) with all necessary personnel and technical equipment. All supervisors from academic organisations have a track record of student supervision up to doctor-ate level. All participants regularly use videoconferencing (Vidyo), integrated event management (Indico) and pos-sess appropriate meeting and training venues. Frequently in-house media and print production services are availa-ble. The Coordinator’s dedicated administration, international finance & accounting, legal, EU relations, commu-nications & press services, Open Access publication services (CDS, SCOAP3, IEEE, NIM) will be made available to this project. All beneficiaries are financially autonomous, have appropriate infrastructures to carry out the R&D projects and are committed to work according to the H2020 grant processes.



3.4. Competence s , exper i ence and complementar i ty o f the par t i c ipa t ing organ isa t ions and the i r commitment to the programme

ThecompositionoftheConsortiumhasbeencarefullyestablishedto

- exposeallESRs to thewidestpossiblenetworkoforganisationswhoareactive in researchandproductdevelop-ment,involvingsuperconductivityandcryogenics

- createanetworkwithacriticalmassthatremainsaliveandcangrowfurtheraftertheendoftheprojectperiod,

- exposeallESRstoasmanyaspossibleindustrialpartnerstoimprovetheircareeropportunities

Consortium composition and exploitation of partner’s complementarities: The Consortium federates renowned companies, research centres and universities that complement each other (Figure 1.4a) to significantly advance the performances of superconductors and associated refrigeration technolo-gies by gaining a fundamental understanding of the underlying processes. Table 1.4a shows, how all beneficiaries and partners contribute with their competences to implement a coherent training network at European level.

Commitment of beneficiaries and partner organisations to the programme: All beneficiaries and partners are fully committed to the research supervision, education and training programme (see table 1.4a). They have successfully collaborated in other EU projects, for instance EuroCirCol, EUROTA-PES, HL-LHC, EUCARD2, TIARA, MYRTE, TALENT, STREAM and ARIES. The commitment of non-academic participants is assured via existing R&D contracts between the partners and by the contributions docu-mented in tables 1.2d and 1.4a, backed by the attached letters of commitment. Table 3.4a below depicts the com-plementarity by objectives and gives a glimpse on how they will valorise the results of the project. As is best prac-tice for EU projects, the Coordinator has involved all beneficiaries and partners in one-to-one communica-tion to ensure a common understanding about the involvement and its consequences before submission. Table 3.4a: Commitment, complementarity and competencies of all participants to the programme

Value Chain Objectives Complementarity/Competencies Valorisation ESRs SCIENTIFIC RESEARCH

High-performance super-conducting wires for very high-field magnets (16 T),

MRI, NMR

Bruker – R&D TUW – characterization CEA – magnet coil refrigeration WUW – market potentials & silo breaking

SIGMAPHI – magnets for industry and medical imaging BRUKER – magnets for molecular and food analysis, medical imaging, semiconductor crystal growth and industry applications CRIOTEC – cable production in research and industry CEA – network with potential downstream users (e.g. Elytt Energy, Tesla Engineering)

1,2,3,4,5,12,13

MgB2 high-field magnets (> 5 T),

motors, generators, transformers

Columbus – R&D, production methods TUW - characterisation CEA – magnet coil refrigeration WUW – market potentials & silo breaking

ASG, SIGMAPHI – magnets for industry, medical imaging BNG – suitability for energy applications CRIOTEC – cable production in research and industry CEA – network with potential downstream users (e.g. Elytt Energy, Tesla Engineering)

3,4,5, 7,12,13

Tl-based superconductor

(e.g. for UWB, MCG, MEG devices, MRI/NMR pickup)

CNR-SPIN – R&D, production methods TUW - characterisation WUW – market potentials & silo breaking

COLUMBUS, ASG – assessment for application feasibilities IEEE – network to engage companies to assess suitability for electronic applications CERN – engage trade associations and industry associations to establish a network of potential downstream users

5,6, 12,13

A15 (e.g. Nb3Sn, Nb3Ga-Al) and B1 (e.g. NbN)

superconducting thin film coated structures

USIEGEN – R&D, production methods I-CUBE – substrate structure forming INFN-LNF – coating and seamless struc-tures CERN – coating/substrate interface TUW – characterization HZB – RF property elucidation WUW – market potentials & silo breaking

RI – suitability for X-ray/electron sources CEMECON – coating industrialization IEEE – network to engage companies to assess suitability for electronic applications CERN – engage trade associations and industry associations to enlarge the network of potential downstream users

1,5,8, 9,10,14

Energy efficient Nelium cooling down to 40 K

CEA – refrigeration system requirements TUD – refrigeration architecture and test stand USTUTT – turbo compressor design WUW – market potentials & silo breaking

ALAT, CRIOTEC - efficiency improvement and cost reduction potentials of industrial plants and for aerospace applications MAN – turbocompressor product and application assessment BRUKER, ASG, SIGMAPHI – suitability for magnet applications CERN – network with large scale suppliers to raise interest for potential downstream users (e.g. Air Liquide, Linde)

4,5, 11,15

TRAINING

Scientific Training CERN, BRUKER, CEA, CNR-SPIN, COLUMBUS, HZB, I-CUBE, INFN-LNL, TUD, TUW, USIEGEN, USTUTT, WUW, UGENOA

All

Transferrable Training ALAT, CRIOTEC, CERN, IEEE, WUW (also link to other MSCA actions), TM, UGENOA All

PhD program development Core working group: UGENOA, CEA, CERN, INFN-LNL, TUW, WUW, TUD, USIEGEN, USTUTT Input: ALAT, BRUKER, CRIOTEC, BNG, CNR-SPIN, COLUMBUS, HZB, I-CUBE, IEEE, TM, RU, SIGMAPHI

All

Public engagement CERN, IEEE, TM (teaching and accompany of ESRs during their international projects) All



4. GANTT Chart Months

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 31 32 33 34 35 36 37 38 39 40 41 42 43 44 45 46 47 48

Res

earc

h &

Sec

ond

men

t

ESR 1 (CERN) INFN CEMECON ESR 2 (BRUKER) CERN TUW ESR 3 (CEA) CERN ASG SIGMAPHI ESR 4 (CEA) CERN ASG ALAT ESR 5 (WUW) CERN CNR Columbus ESR 6 (CNR) CERN BNG COLUMBUS ESR 7 (COLUMBUS) CERN TUW TUW ESR 8 (HZB) CERN CEMECON RI ESR 9 (I-CUBE) CERN HZB CERN ESR 10 (INFN) CERN I-CUBE RI ESR 11 (TUD) CERN CRIOTEC MAN ESR 12 (TUW) CERN BRUKER ESR 13 (TUW) CERN BNG COLUMBUS ESR 14 (USIEGEN) CERN RI CEMECON ESR 15 (USTUTT) CERN TUD MAN Milestone / Deliverable

M5 M7 D3.1 M9 D5.1 D3.2 D4.1 M11 D2.1 D3.3 D3.4 D2.2 D4.2 D5.2 D4.3 D5.3

Trai

nin

g

Workshop T1 T2 T3 T4 T5 T6 Conference J J J EASIschool 1 2 3

Course C C C

C

Milestone / Deliverable D6.1

D6.2 D6.3 D6.4

D6.5 D6.6

Man

a-g

emen

t Meetings M K SC MT SC SC SC SC E

Milestone / Deliverable

M1 D8.1

M2 D1.1 D1.2

M3 D1.3 D1.4 M4

D1.5 D8.2

D1.6 M12 M8 M10

D1.7

Dis

sem

inat

ion

/

Pu

blic

en

gag

emen

t

Technological Com-petence Leveraging Cooperation of all ESRs with industrial partners and beneficiaries. Identification of yet unanticipated industrialisation pathways and societal

impact potentials under the lead of WUW (ESR5). Silo breaking days in M40

Spotlight on ESR 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 Newsletter or news article

Public Engagement

Web

site

J

Publ

ic e

vent

Bro

chur

e J

Publ

ic e

vent

Indu

stry

eve

nt

Bro

chur

e

Publ

ic e

vent

Milestone / Deliverable D7.1 M6 D7.2 D7.3 D7.4 D7.5

M = management kickoff meeting, E = end of project meeting, K = project kickoff meeting, SC = steering committee meeting in addition to M, K and E, MT = Mid term review meeting, C = courses, which are non-compulsory or jointly organised with other projects, T = topical workshop, J = joint event with industry and public during conference or workshop, red = exposure to non-academic sector through employment, secondment, visits; = exposure to non-academic sector through joint activities with industry; Final report in M50.



5. Ethics Issues No particular ethical issues concern this proposal. The EC has requested the following, ethics related deliverables: Title Beneficiary Description Level Due Date

NEC CERN The applicant must confirm that the ethical standards and guidelines of Horizon2020 will be rigorously applied, regardless of the country in which the research is carried out. Confidential 1

In accordance with Article 34 of the Grant Agreement, CERN will comply with all ethical principles, and with applicable international, EU and national law subject to CERN’s status as an intergovernmental organisation. CERN will further ensure that its activities under the EASITrain ITN project will focus exclusively on civil applications. As regards the other beneficiaries, CERN will include the obligation of compliance with the ethics requirements in the Consortium Agreement that will be signed by all EASITrain project beneficiaries and partners. All beneficiaries confirm by signing the GA that the ethical standards and guidelines of Horizon2020 will be rigorously applied, regardless of the coun-try in which the research is carried out.

EPQ CERN

The applicant must ensure that appropriate health and safety procedures conforming to relevant local/national guidelines/legislation are followed for staff involved in this project. In particular, the proposed ESR project-specific hazard and risk assessments (Milestone M3) must also address, if relevant for the concerned ESRs, the relevant health and safety provisions of EU Directives 2006/25/EC (artificial optical radiation), 2013/35/EC (electromagnetic fields), 98/24/EC (chemical agents) and 2009/104/EC (work equipment). The aforementioned hazard and risk assessments must be kept on file and submitted upon request.

Confidential 12

Health and safety at the workplace is a priority of all ESR-employing organisations in this project. All non-international organisations commit to apply the applicable EU directives and national regulations and declare that they possess the required permissions to carry out the specified research activities. CERN, an international organisation, will comply with all rules and guidelines that are applicable in agreement with its status, as agreed with its host states. CERN declares that it possesses the required permissions to carry out the specified research activities and that is has all health and safety processes and resources in place to perform those activities in agreement with the applicable rules and guidelines. CERN as network coordinator also provides to all ESR employment hosts useful information about EU and Swiss hazard & risk assessment require-ments, relevant policies and procedures for a significant number of potential health and safety risks that may be associated with the research in this ITN (see also https://espace.cern.ch/safety-rules-regulations/en/rules/byDomain/Pages). • All ESRs will undergo general safety training in compliance with the employing organisation policies at contract start. • A network training deliverable (D6.1 Safety at work in superconductivity and cryogenics) will include awareness raising for specific hazards relat-

ed to material production and characterisation, cryogenic infrastructures, manufacturing and machinery covered by this ITN. • ESRs will be informed about hazards and risks during the hiring process by the employing organisation. • The employing organisations will prepare ESR project specific hazard and risk assessments together with required safety measures and train-

ings until month 5 (M3, “Work, health and safety declarations”). • Each ESR will undergo local safety training at the host organisation in accordance with the project specific hazard and risk assessment. • The ESR Personal Career Development Plan (PCDP, D1.5) serves periodically reviewing and updating work health and safety risks and tracks

planned and received safety training. CERN will carefully review upon receipt the ESR project-specific hazard and risk assessments as estab-lished in the PCDPs.

• CERN keeps records of the employing organisations’ safety policies, the ESR project-specific hazard and risk assessments and the PCDPs documenting the training plan and provides the documents to the EC upon request.

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