earth quake resistant architecture

7/30/2019 Earth Quake Resistant Architecture

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EARTHQUAKERESISTANT

ARCHITECTUREA CASE STUDY OF SEISMICSTRENGTHENING BY BASE ISOLATION

SAHIBA GOKCEN INTERNATIONAL

AIRPORT

SUBMITTED BY : PULAKGHIYA


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INTRODUCTION

This is the largest airport inIstanbul, Turkey.

Worlds largest seismicallyisolated building

The new integrated domesticand international terminal serves10 million passengers per yearfor first stage till 2015, then 25million passengers per yearcapacity with extension of the

terminal. Total construction area is3,20,000 square metres

Architect ARUP Duration of completion

18months


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Site seismic activity

Instanbul is located at theconfluence of 3 tectonic plates

The North Anatolian fault, oneof the most active seismic zonesin the world, runs within a few

miles of the city under theSea

of Marmara According to the U.S. Geological

Survey, the 1999 earthquake inTurkey killed 17,000 people,injured 50,000, and destroyed27,000 buildings, leaving5,00,000 homeless. Estimatesof property losses range from $3billion to $6.5 billion.

There's a 65% probability thatIstanbul will be hit by a 7.6earthquake by 2030.


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Structural system Plan dimension -160 meters by 272 meters

The total building height is approximately 32.5 meters

The building consists of 4 stories above and a basement floorbelow the isolation plane.

Typical floor heights are 6 meters at the ground floor and 5meters at the upper levels.

The gravity system of the superstructure is composed ofconcrete filled steel decks, composite steel beams andcomposite steel columns.

The clear span length supported by the columns is 16 metersin both directions.

All structural members, such as columns and beams, are

built-up members.

Rib beam layout orientations are changed in every main cell(16x16m), so all the main beams are loaded with samegravity loads.

The roof system consists of light steel space purlin systemsrunning longitudinally and located at every 8 meters and

braced in the transverse direction.


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Seismic design A new building technology called triple friction pendulum isolators

has been used. These seismic isolators are made up of concave steel plates with a

bearing sandwiched in the middle. This central bearing takes thegravity load of the concrete columns of the structure, allowing thebuilding to move horizontally if the energy coming into the isolatorexceeds a pre-determined limit.

The seismic isolators are positioned at ground level at the top of thebase columns. Each isolator is 900 millimetres x 900 millimetres andallows a lateral movement of 245 millimetres.

There are 300 triple-friction-pendulum isolators that are distributedover the entire plan.

Engineers determined that isolators will help the building withstand a8.0 earthquake -its also designed to remain completely operationalafterwards

The building will only have to withstand one-fifth of the accelerationthat it would have had to without the earthquake proofing


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20 million lbs. Vertical Load CapacityConcave & Slider

Assembly of triple pendulum bearingisolator

Video : triple bearing pendulum

Triple friction pendulum isolatorCONCAVESTEELPLATE

BEARING
http://localhost/var/www/apps/conversion/releases/20121120192253/tmp/scratch_3/EARTHQUAKE%20PRESENTATION/17055371.wmv


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Triple friction pendulum bearing

Friction Pendulum bearings use the characteristics of apendulum to lengthen the natural period of the isolatedstructure so as to avoid the strongest earthquake forces.

During an earthquake, the supported structure moves withsmall pendulum motions. Since earthquake induced

displacements occur primarily in the bearings, lateral loadstransmitted to the structure are greatly reduced. The Triple Pendulum bearing incorporates three pendulums in

one bearing, each with properties selected to optimize thestructures response for different earthquake strengths andfrequencies.

The inner isolator consists of an inner slider that slides alongtwo inner concave spherical surfaces.

The Triple Pendulum bearing offers better seismicperformance, lower bearing costs, and lower construction costsas compared to conventional seismic isolation technology.


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Cross Section of TriplePendulumBearingConcaves and Slider Assembly

Concaves and SliderComponents
http://opensees.berkeley.edu/wiki/index.php/File:TPB_Nhan_Fig1.jpg


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Comparison of Triple Pendulum and Single Pendulum Bearing Sizes andResponses to Earthquake Motion

VIDEO COMPARING TRIPLE AND SINGLE PENDULUM BEARING

RESPONSES
http://localhost/var/www/apps/conversion/releases/20121120192253/tmp/scratch_3/EARTHQUAKE%20PRESENTATION/17055289.mpg

earth quake resistant architecture

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