earth observation systems evolution- thales alenia space at paris air show 2013
TRANSCRIPT
Earth Observation Systems Evolution from ERS & ENVISATI to GMES.
Road-Map towards 3rd Generation RADAR Observation Systems
OPEN
2003: MARS EXPRESS
2003: MARS EXPRESS
1991: ERS-11995: ERS-2
1991: ERS-11995: ERS-2
1994:April SRL-1 October SRL-2
1994:April SRL-1 October SRL-2
1997: CASSINI1997: CASSINI
2000: SRTM2000: SRTM
2002: ENVISAT2002: ENVISAT 2005: MRO2005: MRO
2007: COSMO-SkyMed2007: COSMO-SkyMed
Thales Alenia Space: 30 years Excellence
in Space Radars
2013: KOMPSAT
2013: KOMPSAT
27 July 199127 July 1991 7 March 20007 March 2000
45200 orbits45200 orbits
1.4 million SAR scenes1.4 million SAR scenes
3500 scientists using the data
3500 scientists using the data
A major EO milestone:ERS-1 & SAR Interferometry
ERS-1 differential interferometry reaches the cm precision («Bonn experiment») Demonstration with Landers earthquake
A major EO milestone:ERS-1 & SAR Interferometry
ERS-1 differential interferometry reaches the cm precision («Bonn experiment») Demonstration with Landers earthquake
ERS 1&2 (1991-2000): an European Success
Arctic 2007
HurricaneKatrina
B-15A iceberg
Bam earthquake
Ozone hole 2003
Global airpollution
Prestige tankeroil slick
Dec 02
Validation
Workshop
Nov 03
MERIS Workshop
Calibratio
n Review
Sep 02
First images
Mar 02
Launch
~2200 scientific projects
Sep 04
Envisat SymposiumSalzburg (A)
Sep 05
MERIS
(A)A
TSR
Workshop
Dec 03
InSAR
Workshop
Chlorophyllconcentration
Dec 05
InSAR
Workshop
Mar 06
Altimetry
Conference
+ several GMES pre-operational
projects
May 06
Atmospheric
Science
Conference
Envisat Symposium
Montreux (CH)
Apr 07
CO2 map
Dec 07
InSAR
Workshop
C-Band Advanced SARH/V polarisation capabilityactive antenna array
C-Band Advanced SARH/V polarisation capabilityactive antenna array
ENVISAT (2002-2011): from System to Services
Coastal Real-time Ocean Ice Monitoring Northern View
Risk fire & flood Forest Monitoring Soil & Water Land Motion Risks
Urban Services Humanitarian Aid AtmosphereFood Security
COPERNICUS: The Service Portfolio from ENVISAT experience
4 nominal operation modes: • stripmap (80km swath, res 10x10m)• interferometric wide swath
(250km swath,res 20x20m)• extra wide swath (400km swath, 50x50 m res.)• wave (20x20 m res.)
2300 Kg spacecraft mass
Sun synchronous orbit at 693
• 12 days repeat cycle
• 7/12 years design/consumables life time
Sentinel-1A: launch 2014
Sentinel-1A: launch 2014
Sentinel-1B: foreseen 2015
Sentinel-1B: foreseen 2015
Sentinel-1 C&D:TBDSentinel-1 C&D:TBD
Applications: • monitoring sea ice zones and the arctic environment• surveillance of marine environment• monitoring land surface motion risks• mapping in support of humanitarian aid in crisis situations
Applications: • monitoring sea ice zones and the arctic environment• surveillance of marine environment• monitoring land surface motion risks• mapping in support of humanitarian aid in crisis situations
Ref.:
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COPERNICUS Sentinel-1 First Generation
12.3 m
21 m
Deployed Configuration
3.4 m
2.2 m
Stowed Configuration
OPEN
COPERNICUS Sentinel-1 Satellite
Sentinel-1 has one main operational mode (Interferometric Wide Swath mode) that:
• A complete global coverage within 12 days• Preserve Revisit time performance on “high priority” areas (Maritime transport
zones and European coast) • Satisfies most currently known service requirements• Avoids conflicts and preserves revisit performance• Provides robustness and reliability of service• Simplifies mission planning & decreases operational costs• Satisfies also tomorrow’s requests by building up a consistent long-term archive
In Addition•Mutually exclusive modes are provided for continuity reasons (w.r.t. ERS &
Envisat) and for accommodation of emerging user requirements•Two mutually exclusive dual polarisation modes are provided
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COPERNICUS Sentinel-1 Operational Concept
OPEN
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Ref.:
COPERNICUS Sentinel-1 Satellite MissionParameter EWS IWS SM WV
Azimuth ResolutionAzimuth Resolution < 40 m< 40 m < 20 m< 20 m < 5 m< 5 m < 5 m< 5 m
Ground Range Ground Range ResolutionResolution < 20 m< 20 m < 5 m< 5 m < 5 m< 5 m < 5 m< 5 m
SwathSwath > 400 km> 400 km > 250 km> 250 km > 80 km> 80 km 20 x 20 km20 x 20 km
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Ref.:
S-1A Satellite
Complete earth coverage within 12 days At least one access for each point
70% of the globe after 6 days Maximum revisit time 12 days Average revisit time 8.4 days
S-1A + S-1B Satellites Constellation
Complete earth coverage after 6 days All points are acquired twice within one orbit
cycle Maximum revisit time 6 days Average revisit time 4.2 days
IWS mode on the earth surface and Maritime Transport zones up to 25 minutes per orbit WAVE on open oceans up to 59 minutes per orbit
OPEN
COPERNICUS Sentinel-1 Satellite Scenario Performance
The Result of the largest Italian investment in Earth Observation that has required more than ten years and about one thousand people working at all levelsFirst and only “DUAL” system, built with state-of-the-art space technologies, capable of both Civil and Scientific usage and Military Operational exploitation
Thales Alenia Space have designed and built both Satellites and System, with the active Telespazio support for the whole Ground Segment
Contracted by Italian Space Agency and Ministry of Defence and built with no cost variations during the whole development and deployment life cycle
COSMO-SkyMed
COSMO SkyMed E2E System
COSMO SkyMed Satellite
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Ref.:OPEN
The CSG Satellite: PRIMA fourth generation
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Ref.:
• Flooding• Pollution• Earthquakes• Landslides• Vulcans• Fire Damages
COSMO-SkyMed Main Applications
DTED-4 Hawaii (2012) – COSMO-1 Satellite / 16 days double passes
SCS_A co-registration DTED4_D
High Resolution INTERFEROMETRY
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Ref.:
Spaceborne RADAR’s for Earth observation have shown an increasing and constant growth in the past 5 years with the deployment of many important assets (e.g. RADARSAT-2, TerraSAR-X, ALOS-PALSAR, and the constellation of COSMO-SkyMed).
OPEN
On this track, new and more challenging programs are reaching, these days, the development phases like the COSMO-SkyMed second generation.
Terrasar-X
Radarsat
Cosmo Skymed
In parallel, research is on-going for the next generations of high performance multi-mode SAR. The main innovative characteristics are in the fields of:
very high resolution; high resolution wideswath multipolarization operation;multi antenna interferometric systems also exploiting higher frequencies like Ka-band.
Innovative concepts are the base to anticipate new market needs and to support the development of the new products in the mid/long term period
Objectives & Goals
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Ref.:
Innovative conceptsDigital Beam FormingDual antenna interferometer in Ka-band Ocean SurveillanceVery sub-metric Class Multimode SAR
New developmentsCOSMO SkyMed Second GenerationCompact SAR
OPEN
Road-Map to next Generation SAR Instruments
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Ref.:
High resolution and wide swath coverage are contradicting requirements in SAR system designOn the other hand, many applications may profit of both high resolution and wide swath, e.g. regular land use, vegetation mapping, marine observation, monitoring of Arctic sea ice, as well as differential interferometryDigital Beam Forming can be the solution:
separate transmit aperture to illuminate a large footprint on the groundreceived signals of each sub-aperture are separately amplified, down-converted and digitized
OPEN
SAR & Digital Beam Forming
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TAS-I is working at analysing the possibility to develop a Single Satellite Interferometric mission in Ka-band.
The use of the Ka-band allows achieving good height information by maintaining a short baseline between the two antennas, which can be embarked in a single satellite.The selected configuration is such to provided both measurements in Along-track and Across-track direction
Main applications for the Ka-band are:High resolution DEM generationDisaster monitoringUrban areas monitoringOil spillShip detection and identification
OPEN
Multi-antenna SAR Interferometry in Ka Band
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Imaging sensors (SAR)Imaged areas and resolutions programmable (10-500Km swath @ 1 – 30 m resolution) Exploitation technique
Wide swath: Ship positions (lat, long), Ship size indicationHigh resolution: Ship size, Ship type indication from shape analysis and wake characteristics, Heading & Speed (from wake displacement and data exploitation (phase processing)
Pre-operative stage in ATR tools supported by many experimental projects (EC, Canada, Australia, Norway, China, etc.)
Sub-surface
structuresSmall
boats & wakes
OPEN
Ocean Surveillance
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Ref.:
MultiMode <<1m Class
Active Phased Array Antenna Spotlight, Stripmap, ScanSAR Enhanced Sensitivity Very High Resolution High resolution wide-swath Single/Dual Pol Spotlight Full Pol STRIPMAPReference mass 600 ÷ 1000 kg
OPEN
Very sub-metric Class Multimode SAR
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Ref.:
In the area “new developments” are included those projects in a design and/or development phase
New developments are typically carried-on in two contests:Active contracts with a specific CustomerDevelopment of a new product to anticipate new market neesd and to tackle potential customers
New developments represents the state-of-the-art in terms of technology and performance and will be the base of the product lines in the mid/long term period
OPEN
New developments
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Ref.:
OPEN
From COSMO-SkyMed to COSMO Seconda Generazione
This document is not to be reproduced, modified, adapted, published, translated in any material form in whole or in part nor disclosed to any third party without the prior written permission of Thales Alenia Space - 2012, Thales Alenia Space
COSMO Second Generation Performance
• Improvement of Military operating mode• Improvement of number of look• Improvement of number of images from 450 to 550 (1100 taking into
account the polarisation)• Full polarisation by STRIPMAP QUADPOL mode
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Ref.:
Parameter SPOTPING-PONG
SCAN STRIPMAPSTRIPMAP QUADPOL
Single look Single look ResolutionResolution
2A 0.8x0.8 m2A 0.8x0.8 m
2B 1x1 m2B 1x1 m 5X12 m5X12 m
11 4X20 m4X20 m
22 6X406X403x3 m3x3 m 3X3 m3X3 m
SwathSwath2A 10X10 km2A 10X10 km
2B 10x10 km2B 10x10 km30X30 km30X30 km
1 100x100 km1 100x100 km
2 200X200 km2 200X200 km40X40 km40X40 km 15x40 km15x40 km
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Ref.:
Compact SAR concept based on:
Center-fed dual reflector antennaFoldable Reflector (Reflector Antenna AssemblyFeed Array Assembly (active Phased Array).
Reference Performance:Instrument mass < 250 kgdc power consumption < 4 wdeployed antenna dimension, 5 m
Acquisition techniquesStripmap Spotlight
Stripmap:Swath: 20-40 kmResolution: 2-4mAccess Area: 20°-55°
Spotlight:Swath: 5-10 kmResolution: < 1mAccess Area: 20°-55°
OPEN
Compact SAR
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Ref.:
The Excellence in Space Radars
OPEN
8720
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Large Scale Land Planning
8720
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Daily observation on Polar RoutesDaily observation on Polar Routesover North-West e Nord-East Passagesover North-West e Nord-East Passages
(50% daily capability on near polar area)(50% daily capability on near polar area)
8720
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Not Identified Vessels
Identified Vessels usingAIS e VMS systems
Maritime SurveillanceSupport to Conventional Systems
8720
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Earth Emergency & MonitoringHydrocarbons Pollution
8720
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FLOODS & FLOODINGS
Operational Damage Assessment
8720
1590
-QC
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/001
Landslides, Earthquakes & Land Stability
8720
1590
-QC
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AS
-EN
/001
COSMO-SkyMed
regularly Monitorswhole National Territory under
ASI and Civil Protectionover sighting control
at least twice per month
with large Data Availability,continuously updated for any possible need,CSK system operational capability allowsthe development and refinement of advanced applications and analysis techniquesFast and ReliableFast and Reliable