earth and space sciences - chalmers...space sciences, chalmers printed by arkitektkopia 2017....
TRANSCRIPT
Earth and Space SciencesAnnual Report 2016
2
Dear Reader,
Gunnar Elgered, Head of Department
Production: Dept. of Earth & Space Sciences, Chalmers Printed by Arkitektkopia 2017. Copies: 500
This is the one and only final annual report from the department of Earth and Space Sciences. From 1 May 2017 we will have a new name, namely the Department of Space, Earth, and Environment, and the number of staff will roughly double.
It is a strange feeling to say thank you and goodbye although we know from experiences in life, as well as from our research, that nothing is forever. For a while I was thinking of summarising the most remarkable experiences, both the good and the bad ones, but it would take up too much space. Instead I would like to make a short statement that the 17 years as head of department, with its outstanding personnel, have been fantastic. But hey, wait a minute, isn’t this a typical statement from a retiring person? So what else can be added to make you the reader believe it?
What was produced by the department during 2016? More than 160 reviewed papers were published in scientific journals, including three in the high-status journal Nature. That is indeed remarkable, but is it good or bad? In these days it is rather common to hear statements about how measure quality. What does that mean? In order to do so we need a unique link from quality to quantity. It is not at all clear that these links exist for all areas where we want to assess quality. In fact I have only heard of one such link that I easily accept. I cite, in my own words, our chairman of the department’s advisory board, Göran Netzler. “The quality of your work is inversely proportional to the number of complaints you receive related to what you produce”. In research we produce scientific papers. The complaints you get can be found through citations. Hm, there must be a misunderstanding here, because I once heard someone saying that a very good scientist receive many citations ... academic life is obviously complicated.
As tradition requires the annual report is also introduced by some highlights from the year. A highlight could be anything that I have found special.
– The Odin satellite celebrated 15 years in space – The radar remote sensing group built an experimental tower (see the front page)– Sebastien Muller was given the competence of associate professor (docent) in Radio Astronomy and Astrophysics on 26 April – Lars Ulander was appointed Director of the master’s program Wireless, Photonics, and Space Engineering. He also became an IEEE Fellow (both effectively from 1 January 2017, but decided in 2016) – Pär Strand was appointed ITER Science Fellow – The twin telescopes at the observatory were installed and at the end of 2016 they were ready for the receivers to be mounted– Two “Massive Open Online Courses (MOOCs)” were given: Sensing Planet Earth – From Core to Outer Space, and Sensing Planet Earth – Water and Ice
There are also many additional individual highlights in the form of thesis works. They are presented on pages 10-11.
Finally, I am pretty sure that the staff in today’s department will continue, in the new department, to produce highly interesting research as well as to teach and motivate our students in order to prepare them for interesting lives.
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ContentsPublic Outreach ..............................................................4Press Clippings ...............................................................5First Degree & Master’s Studies .................................6Bachelor´s Thesis Reports.............................................7Master’s Thesis Reports ...............................................7Master´s Programmes ....................................................8Doctoral Programme ....................................................10Licentiates .....................................................................10Doctoral Dissertations..................................................11Advanced Receiver Development .............................12Global Environmental Measurements and Modelling ........................................................................13Optical Remote Sensing .............................................14Plasma Physics and Fusion Energy ..........................15 Radar Remote Sensing ...............................................16Space Geodesy and Geodynamics .........................17Extragalactic Astrophysics .........................................18Galactic Astrophysics...................................................19Onsala Space Observatory ........................................20Publications ...................................................................22Facts and Figures .........................................................29Organisation ................................................................. 30
A new research station, BorealScat, was established during 2016 in an experimental forest at Remningstorp, located between Skara and Skövde in southern Sweden. It consists of a 50 m high tower with radar and meteorological instruments. The antenna array with 20 ultra-wideband elements at the top of the tower allows tomographic and polarimetric radar imaging of the forest below. The objective is to acquire long-term time series of radar and meteorological measurements to investigate variations of electromagnetic scattering from the vegetation.
The project is motivated by a research effort, led by the European Space Agency (ESA), to map global forest biomass using data from synthetic aperture radar (SAR) satellites. The biomass estimates are affected by changes in the forest due to season, weather and other environmental conditions. Measurements from BorealScat will give a better understanding of electromagnetic scattering from boreal forests and will improve the accuracy of forest biomass maps. The station is operating since December 2016.Photo: Albert Monteith
The Cover
The inside of the BorealScat tower, 50 m high, based in
Remningstorp test forest.
Photo: Albert Monteith
Interest in our research attracts a new public.Photo: Albert Monteith
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Public Outreach
Our first two Chalmers MOOCs (massive open online courses), titled Sensing Planet Earth were a great success. The two courses, From Core to Outer Space and Water and Ice, each attracted over 3000 students from 129 countries, most from the US, India and Sweden, and achieved the highest completion rates yet for Chalmers MOOCs. We communicated news from Onsala facilities and research by Chalmers scientists to the media in collaboration with Chalmers press office and partner organisations. News reports from Sweden and around the world featured the Band 1 feed for SKA, the precessing black hole jet in galaxy NGC 1377, a tidal disruption event observed by the EVN, and ALMA observations of disk winds from a young star, and a forming triple-star system. Astronomers Susanne Aalto and Hans Olofsson also contributed to the 16-part radio series Bildningsbyrån: Rymden produced by UR (the Swedish Educational Broadcasting Company). Onsala Space Observatory was the focus of a programme on Swedish national public radio (Vetandets värld) about radio astronomy and China’s FAST telescope.
During the year 1900 people visited Onsala Space Observatory, its telescopes and exhibition. Most came as part of a total of 65 guided tours, of which school groups of all ages accounted for 25 of the tours. Many visitors to Onsala came as part of two public open days, during the Gothenburg Science Festival and on the Mothers’ day in May.
Department scientists gave a number of public talks during the year. On the Physics day during Gothenburg Scientific Festival Santiago Arellano held a lecture on how general physics can help us understand volcanic eruptions through models, experiments and obervations. Several talks were given on Sweden’s Day and Night of Astronomy on October 8, at events in Gothenburg, Växjö, Trollhättan, Stenungsund and Fjärås. In November Eva Wirström talked about the science of planets with 550 schoolchildren at Härlanda/Örgryte library, Gothenburg, in conjunction with National Children’s Book Week.Our SALSA radio telescopes were booked for an average of 21 hours per week, on average 3.5 h per booking, by students, teachers and amateur astronomers from ten countries. This includes Sweden but also from as far away as the US, Israel and Ecuador. Most users study the movements of interstellar gas in the Milky Way. We
provided supervision for Swedish high school projects using SALSA. The SALSA telscopes are used to demonstrate and teach radio astronomy to the general public in multiple outreach activities, both in Onsala and elsewhere.
In our outreach programme we engage with the public in order to communicate the excitement and importance of science to people of all ages.
In December 2016, (from left to right) Ludvig och Oliver Norrman and Thea och Tyra Lillhage, all from Onsala Montessoriskola, became the first twins to visit the Onsala Twin Telescopes. Photo: Anna Sterning
Santiago Arellano at the Gothenburg Scientific Festival. Photo: Thomas Nilsson
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Three projects could be Sweden’s next science satelliteSpace missions SIW and DICE are two of three possible successors to national climate satellite MATS. Populär Astronomi, Dec.
Press Clippings
China Fighting Air Pollution in Air, Land, and Sea
China is keen to learn best practices for marine fuel
enforcement regulation from Chalmers scientists.
Huffington Post, May.
Odin celebrates 15 years in space - working
overtime
For 15 years, seven times its expected lifetime, the
Swedish satellite has circled earth.
Rymdkanalen, Feb.
Telescopes have millimeter-precision tabs on the Earth’s distancesTwo identical telescopes are being built in
Onsala. Soon they’ll measure distances across the Earth - to the millimetre.Sveriges radio Vetenskapsradion, June
Susanne Aalto was interviewed by SVT Väst on 31 July about ALMA’s observations of a swirling black hole jet. Credit: SVT
The research satellite Odin has circled earth 81 942 times in 15 years!Photo: Sara Sällström SR
LA-area refineries emit up to 12 times more
toxic chemicals than reported
Refineries in greater Los Angeles are emitting up
to 12 times more toxic chemicals than previously
reported, according to a new study by Swedish
researchers and the South Coast Air Quality
Management District.
89.3 KPCC Southern California Public Radio, Nov.
Triple star caught in unique image
An international team of scientists has
taken a picture that could make the world’s
hobby photographers feel pretty small.
SVT Vetenskap, Oct.
Their technology makes the world’s biggest telescope workMiroslav Pantaleev and Jonas Flygare are part
of the Swedish team developing cutting-edge tech for the international telescope project SKA.DN, Aug.
6
A Foundation YearPhysics, part BPhysics project (parts of the course)
Engineering programmesElectrical engineeringElectrical engineering projectTelecommunication
Master of Engineering programmes, year 1–3Bachelor’s thesis in Earth and Space SciencesCircuit analysisElectric circuits and electric power (part of the course)Engineering measurements (for Automation and Mechatronics Engineering)Engineering measurements (for Electrical Engineering)Environmental measurement techniquesHigh frequency electromagnetic wavesPlanetary sciences
Master’s courses and equivalentActive microwave circuits (parts of the course)Electromagnetic waves and componentsExperimental physics: spectroscopic methods (parts of the course)Galaxies and observational cosmologyImage processingMaster’s thesis in Earth and Space SciencesMicrowave engineering (parts of the course)Millimetre wave and THz technologyModern astrophysicsPlasma physics with applicationsRemote sensingRadar systems and applicationsRadioastronomical techniques and interferometrySatellite positioningSatellite communicationsSpace science and techniques Stellar physicsThe interstellar medium and star formation
Chalmers courses given during 2016(NB: many of the master’s courses were also open to students at the University of Gothenburg)
First Degree and Master’s Studies
Magnus Thomasson, Vice Head of Department and responsible for the undergraduate teaching
The department is active at several levels of teaching: we give courses for students at Chalm-ers’ Foundation Year, the three-year engineering programme in Electrical Engineering and five-year master of engineering programmes in Electri-cal Engineering, Automation and Mechatronics Engineering, and Engineering Physics. Most of our courses are at the master’s level, and many of them are also open for students at the University of Gothenburg (GU). We also cooperate with the Department of Physics at GU by giving courses at bachelor’s level in basic astronomy.
In 2016, the department was responsible for more than 20 courses at Chalmers, plus thesis projects on bachelor’s and master’s level. Our teachers also participated in courses given by other departments. The subjects range from basic electrical engineer-ing to courses closely related to our research in, e.g., astrophysics, remote sensing, receiver develop-ment, and plasma physics. An important subject is measurement techniques. We have our own laboratory, which is used exclusively for teaching and where students get hands-on experience with measurement instruments. Also the instruments at Onsala Space Observatory are used in several
courses. One example is the small radio telescope SALSA, which astronomy students use to observe atomic hydrogen gas in the Milky Way.We have long strived to increase the department’s teaching, in particular on the bachelor’s level. In 2016, we were given the responsibility for the course Circuit analysis for first year electrical engineering students.
The department is involved in two master’s programmes: Physics and Astronomy (together with the Department of Fundamental Physics) and Wireless, Photonics and Space Engineering (together with the Department of Microtechnol-ogy and Nanoscience).
Two of the department’s teachers are also respon-sible fot education programmes as Chalmers: Cathy Horellou is Director of the Master’s Programme in Physics and Astronomy, and Arto Heikkilä is Head of the Programme in Electrical Engineering. In addition, Lars Ulander was ap-pointed Director of the Master’s program Wireless, Photonics, and Space Engineering in 2016, but his actual work as Director of the programme will start 1 January 2017.
Arto Heikkilä, Head of the Programme in Electrical Engineering
Cathy Horellou,Director of the Master’s Programme in Physics and Astronomy
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Master’s Thesis Reports
Bachelor’s Thesis Reports
Mariana Alves DavidThe gravitationally lensed blazar PKS 1830-211 seen by ALMA determination of the time delay between the lensed imagesSupervisors: Sebastien Muller and Ivan Martí-Vidal
Torbjörn RathsmanA software toolkit for generating ice and snow paritcle shape dataSupervisor: Patrick Eriksson
Madeleine YttergrenGravitational instabilities in nearby star-forming galaxies Supervisor: Alessandro Romeo
Katarina Raaholt LarssonRetrieval of descent rates in the polar vortex during the arctic winter 2012/2013Supervisor: Kristell Pérot
Simon Pfreundschuhinvlib: A generic implementation of bayesian methods for inverse problems in remote sensingSupervisor: Patrick Eriksson
Jonathan ArvidssonGPS based flight motion captureSupervisors: Patrik Dammert (Saab) and Thomas Hobiger
Justin Salér RambergThe outflow of the Boomerang nebula: the coldest object in the universeSupervisors: Wouter Vlemmings and Theo Khouri
Anton NilssonProbing galactic haloes using background polarized radio sourcesSupervisor: Cathy Horellou
Jonas FlygareA wideband quad-ridge flared horn feed design for the Square Kilometre Array band 1Supervisors: Miroslav Pantaleev and Bhushan Billade
Sven ErikssonReal-time kinematic positioning of UAS - possibilities and restrictionsSupervisors: Thomas Hobiger and Rüdiger Haas
Paul GnilsenScheduling for VGOS twin telescopesSupervisors: Rüdiger Haas and Johannes Böhm (Vienna University)
Christos Drosinos EleftheriosGNSS signal reflections off sea iceSupervisor: Thomas Hobiger
The SKA Band 1 feed horn mounted on the DVA1 dish at
the CNRC-DRAO facility near Penticton, British Columbia,
Canada, seen here with Onsala Space Observatory engineers
Jonas Flygare (left) and Magnus Dahlgren.
(Photo: Onsala Space Observatory/CNRC-DRAO/J. Flygare)
Carl, Julia och Erik by the tide guage at Onsala Space Observatory. Julia is carrying the laser sensor later installed in the tide gauge well seen to the left.Photo: Gunnar Elgered
Erik Börjesson, Julia Jansson, Carl von Rosen JohanssonTest and implementation of a laser based sea level sensorSupervisor: Gunnar Elgered
8Chalmers University of Technology, SE-412 96 Gothenburg, Sweden, Phone +46 31 772 10 00, chalmers.se
Master’s programme
CarEEr oPPorTUniTiESThe skills in problem solving and advanced
experimental techniques, as well as collaboration
and presentation skills, acquired in this program are
highly valued both in the academic world and on the
job market.
Previous students have found positions in for
example industrial research, consulting, product
and production development, management and
administration, financial analysis.
The interested student will also be well prepared
to enter a doctoral programme at Chalmers or at
another university in both Sweden and worldwide.
SPECiaLiZaTionThrough the choice of elective courses it is possible
to specialize in theoretical and/or experimental
aspects of particle physics, subatomic physics or
astrophysics.
UniQUE FEaTUrESClose connections to leading research laboratories
like the accelerator facilities at CERN and GSI, and
the Swedish National Facility for Radio Astronomy:
Onsala Space Observatory.
From elementary particles to a complex universe
Understanding the basic laws of physics has been a fascinating problem since the birth of modern science. It is of great intrinsic interest and also forms the basis of other branches of science. Trying to probe the smallest structures of matter and the largest structures of the Universe also drives the development of new technologies.
Physics and Astronomy is intended for students with a keen interest in either the theoretical or experimental aspects of front-line physics and astronomy.
The airborne radar system CARABAS
PHYSiCS anD aSTronoMY
Orionnebulosan
Autumn
Autumn
Spring
Spring
Quantum Mechanics
Electro-dynamics
ModernAstrophysics
Advanced Quantum
Mechanics
Gravitationand
Cosmology
InterstellarMedium &
Star Format.
ExperimentalPhysics:
SpectroscopicMethods
Master’s Thesis30 or 60 Credits
Quantum Field Theory
Phys. Beyondthe Standard
ModelStringTheory
AstroparticlePhysics
Modern SubatomicDetectors
AstrophysicalDynamics
Advanced Subatomic
Physics
PlasmaPhysics
Galaxies& Observat.Cosmology
Elective courses
Elective courses
Elective courses
Elective courses
Elective courses
Year 1
Year 2
Elective courses
Semi-compulsory courses, select 4–8 of 12The order of the courses might be changed.
Chalmers University of Technology, SE-412 96 Gothenburg, Sweden, Phone +46 31 772 10 00, chalmers.se
Master’s programme
CarEEr oPPorTUniTiESThe programme provides a master’s education for a future career in engineering branches that rely heavily on electromagnetic waves, e.g. telecommunication, automotive electronics, space engineering, medical applications of microwaves and photonics, remote sensing, solid state lighting, environmental monitoring, navigation, and radio astronomy. You will find career opportunities in industry, at universities, or at research institutes.
CoUrSESThe programme starts with five compulsory courses. Through semi-compulsory courses, students can specialize in wireless, photonics or space engineering, or a combination thereof. To provide opportunities to study related fields, there is also a wide range of elective courses.
UniQUE FEaTUrESThe programme offers a unique opportunity to study a combination of subjects where Chalmers has world‐class facilities: Onsala Space Observatory with radio telescopes and equipment to study the Earth and its atmosphere, the Nanofabrication Laboratory with a clean room for micro and nanotechnology, and state‐of‐the‐art photonics and microwave measurement equipment in research laboratories.
WirELESS, PHoToniCS anD SPaCE EnGinEErinG
Electromagnetic waves in research and everyday life
Wireless, Photonics and Space Engineering with their many applications are large industries and strong research fields both in Sweden and worldwide.
The master’s programme will prepare you for a career in this field through studies of wireless and optical communication components and systems, RF and microwave engineering, photonics (phenomena and applications utilizing photons), and space science and techniques.
The airborne radar system CARABASEleven feed antenna for radio telescopes
The research satellite Odin
Electron beam lithography inChalmers clean roomPhotonics laboratoryDiffractive optics
Spring
Master’s Thesis
Elective courses
SatellitePositioning
SatelliteCommunic.
Fiber OpticalCommunic.
Opto-electronics
Mm-wave &THz Techn.
Design ofMMIC
Semiconduct. Devices
Elective courses
Year 2
Autumn Spring
Electromag-netic Waves
andComponents
MicrowaveEngineering
Space Science
andTechniques
Fundamentalsof
Photonics
Wireless andPhotonics System
Engineering Remote Sensing
Active Micro-wave Circuits
Year 1
AntennaEngineering
LaserEngineering
Radar Systems
andApplications
GaN MMIC X-band transceiver fabricated at Chalmers
Semi-compulsary courses, select 3–7 of 12
Master’s programme given
by us and the Department
of Fundamental Physics
(from 2016 Department of
Physics).
9Chalmers University of Technology, SE-412 96 Gothenburg, Sweden, Phone +46 31 772 10 00, chalmers.se
Master’s programme
CarEEr oPPorTUniTiESThe skills in problem solving and advanced
experimental techniques, as well as collaboration
and presentation skills, acquired in this program are
highly valued both in the academic world and on the
job market.
Previous students have found positions in for
example industrial research, consulting, product
and production development, management and
administration, financial analysis.
The interested student will also be well prepared
to enter a doctoral programme at Chalmers or at
another university in both Sweden and worldwide.
SPECiaLiZaTionThrough the choice of elective courses it is possible
to specialize in theoretical and/or experimental
aspects of particle physics, subatomic physics or
astrophysics.
UniQUE FEaTUrESClose connections to leading research laboratories
like the accelerator facilities at CERN and GSI, and
the Swedish National Facility for Radio Astronomy:
Onsala Space Observatory.
From elementary particles to a complex universe
Understanding the basic laws of physics has been a fascinating problem since the birth of modern science. It is of great intrinsic interest and also forms the basis of other branches of science. Trying to probe the smallest structures of matter and the largest structures of the Universe also drives the development of new technologies.
Physics and Astronomy is intended for students with a keen interest in either the theoretical or experimental aspects of front-line physics and astronomy.
The airborne radar system CARABAS
PHYSiCS anD aSTronoMY
Orionnebulosan
Autumn
Autumn
Spring
Spring
Quantum Mechanics
Electro-dynamics
ModernAstrophysics
Advanced Quantum
Mechanics
Gravitationand
Cosmology
InterstellarMedium &
Star Format.
ExperimentalPhysics:
SpectroscopicMethods
Master’s Thesis30 or 60 Credits
Quantum Field Theory
Phys. Beyondthe Standard
ModelStringTheory
AstroparticlePhysics
Modern SubatomicDetectors
AstrophysicalDynamics
Advanced Subatomic
Physics
PlasmaPhysics
Galaxies& Observat.Cosmology
Elective courses
Elective courses
Elective courses
Elective courses
Elective courses
Year 1
Year 2
Elective courses
Semi-compulsory courses, select 4–8 of 12The order of the courses might be changed.
Chalmers University of Technology, SE-412 96 Gothenburg, Sweden, Phone +46 31 772 10 00, chalmers.se
Master’s programme
CarEEr oPPorTUniTiESThe programme provides a master’s education for a future career in engineering branches that rely heavily on electromagnetic waves, e.g. telecommunication, automotive electronics, space engineering, medical applications of microwaves and photonics, remote sensing, solid state lighting, environmental monitoring, navigation, and radio astronomy. You will find career opportunities in industry, at universities, or at research institutes.
CoUrSESThe programme starts with five compulsory courses. Through semi-compulsory courses, students can specialize in wireless, photonics or space engineering, or a combination thereof. To provide opportunities to study related fields, there is also a wide range of elective courses.
UniQUE FEaTUrESThe programme offers a unique opportunity to study a combination of subjects where Chalmers has world‐class facilities: Onsala Space Observatory with radio telescopes and equipment to study the Earth and its atmosphere, the Nanofabrication Laboratory with a clean room for micro and nanotechnology, and state‐of‐the‐art photonics and microwave measurement equipment in research laboratories.
WirELESS, PHoToniCS anD SPaCE EnGinEErinG
Electromagnetic waves in research and everyday life
Wireless, Photonics and Space Engineering with their many applications are large industries and strong research fields both in Sweden and worldwide.
The master’s programme will prepare you for a career in this field through studies of wireless and optical communication components and systems, RF and microwave engineering, photonics (phenomena and applications utilizing photons), and space science and techniques.
The airborne radar system CARABASEleven feed antenna for radio telescopes
The research satellite Odin
Electron beam lithography inChalmers clean roomPhotonics laboratoryDiffractive optics
Spring
Master’s Thesis
Elective courses
SatellitePositioning
SatelliteCommunic.
Fiber OpticalCommunic.
Opto-electronics
Mm-wave &THz Techn.
Design ofMMIC
Semiconduct. Devices
Elective courses
Year 2
Autumn Spring
Electromag-netic Waves
andComponents
MicrowaveEngineering
Space Science
andTechniques
Fundamentalsof
Photonics
Wireless andPhotonics System
Engineering Remote Sensing
Active Micro-wave Circuits
Year 1
AntennaEngineering
LaserEngineering
Radar Systems
andApplications
GaN MMIC X-band transceiver fabricated at Chalmers
Semi-compulsary courses, select 3–7 of 12
Master’s programme given
by us and the Department
of Microtechnology and
Nanoscience.
10
Carsten RieckReal-time time metrology using space geodetic methodsJuneSupervisor: Rüdiger Haas
Judit FogasyThe environment of high-redshift AGNJuneSupervisor: Kirsten Kraiberg Knudsen
Licentiates
Doctoral Programme
Donal Murtagh, Deputy Head of Department and responsible for the doctoral programme.
The doctoral programme is organised as the research school Radio and Space Science. One of the three specialisations; Astronomy, Environmental Science, and Electrical Engineering may be added to reflecting the diversity of the research carried out at the department. The school strives to give the students a thorough understanding of the research area they have chosen with in depth studies in a particular subject. The students should also take part in some teaching activities as well at other de-partmental work with the aim of achieving Chalmers goals for postgraduate education. There are cur-rently about 26 research students in the programme — most of whom are employed by the department, although a few have positions in industry or at other institutes. During the past year 7 PhD degrees and 5 licentiate degrees have been awarded, while 3 new post-graduate students were recruited. We also strive to engage the PhD students in the department and have organised PhD student fora once per year. This years was a full day in May. Here we discussed such subjects as the results of the introduction of new students, the personnel questionnaire, generic and transferable skills courses and how to spread knowledge, such as good programming, among each other.
Niko Petteri Kareinen Geodetic analysis for the very long baseline interferometry global observing systemFebruarySupervisor: Rüdiger Haas
Sascha KrauseUltra-thin niobium nitride films for hot electron bolometer and THz applicationsFebruarySupervisor: Vincent Desmaris
Frida ErikssonNonlinear dynamics of frequency sweeping energetic particle modes in tokamaksMarchSupervisor: Hans Nordman
11
Sagi KazutoshiDecadal analysis of stratospheric ozone depletion using data assimilation and Odin/SMR measurementsMaySupervisor: Donal Murtagh
Lukas LindroosStacking of interferometric data- a submillimetre and radio view on the evolution of distant galaxiesAugustSupervisor: Kirsten Kraiberg Knudsen
Joachim WiegertCircumstellar dust emission from nearby solar-type starsSeptemberSupervisor: René Liseau
Eskil VareniusInvestigating the origin of radio emission in nearby starburst galaxies via high-resolution metre and centimetre observationsOctoberSupervisor: John Conway
Doctoral Dissertations
John JohanssonOptical remote sensing of industrial gas emission fluxesFebruarySupervisor: Johan Mellqvist
Taissa DanilovichMass loss and molecules: studies of galactic AGB starsFebruarySupervisor: Kay Justtanont
Sofia WallströmThe death throes of massive starsAprilSupervisor: Sebastien Muller
Hawal Marouf RashidTowards ultimate performance of THz heterodyne receivers: SIS frequency multiplier and wideband passive componentsAprilSupervisor: Vincent Desmaris
12
Staff
Victor BelitskyMaria Bylund (Apr-)Vincent DesmarisAndrey ErmakovSven-Erik FermMathias FredrixonIgor Lapkin Denis MeledinAlexey PavolotskySareh Shafiee Magnus StrandbergErik Sundin
Doctoral students
Parisa AghdamSascha KrauseHawal Marouf Rashid (-Apr)
Research group leader Victor Belitsky
Advanced Receiver Development
Academic ActivitiesGARD participated actively in teaching within the Chalmers Master Program “Wireless, Photonics and Space Engineering” and at the undergraduate level (a total of five different courses). S. Krause has presented his Licentiate thesis in February 2016 and H. Rashid defended his PhD thesis in April 2016. GARD has produced 13 publications during the year.
ALMA Band 5 Full Production ProjectAt the beginning of 2013, GARD has been awarded the contract to build Band 5 receivers for the entire Atacama Large Millimeter/submillimeter Array (ALMA). The Project aims to produce 75 receiver cartridges in collaboration with the Nederlandse Onderzoekschool Voor Astronomie (NOVA), Netherlands, and is funded
The Group for Advanced Receiver Development (GARD) is a research and engineering group working on Terahertz technologies and instrumentation. GARD research activities are focused on superconducting electronics, material science and thin-film processing. The results and experience from the research facilitate development and building of state-of-the-art instruments used in radio astronomy and environmental science.
by the European Southern Observatory (ESO) at the level of about 13 MC for 5 years. The ALMA Band 5 European Consortium collaborates with the National Radio Astronomy Observatory (NRAO), USA, providing the local oscillator system and warm cartridge assembly. By the end of 2016, more than 37 Band 5 receiver cartridges have been delivered to the ALMA Project. The installed Band 5 receivers have passed scientific commissioning and the ALMA Band 5 receivers will be offered for observations during cycle 5 (2018).
APEX ProjectGARD has performed four missions to APEX telescope, which included the de-installation and re-installation of the new SEPIA receiver (Swedish-ESO PI Instrument for APEX) to a share position at the telescope with other PI instruments.The SEPIA receiver is a completely new instrument that allows using ALMA receiver cartridges (up to 3) and consisted, at the start, of a cryostat and a pre-production ALMA Band 5 receiver cartridge that covers the frequency range 158 GHz - 211 GHz, built under EC FP6 funded project, and upgraded by GARD. ESO has contributed to the SEPIA with the hardware (including LO/WCA purchased from NRAO) and commissioning. During 2016, GARD in collaboration with NOVA added a new receiver cartridge: the ALMA Band 9 receiver covers the 600 GHz – 720 GHz RF band. SEPIA is actively used by astronomers of all APEX partners and through ESO by the entire astronomy community, while SEPIA Band 5 receiver is in big demand as a pathfinder for coming use of ALMA Band 5 observations starting in 2018.
The first superconducting tunnel junction based frequency multiplier chip designed by Hawal Rashid. This frequency multiplier has demonstrated to produce sufficient power for practical use by generating about 50 nW of power around 190 GHz. This work was published in IEEE Terahertz Science and Technology magazine and has been nominated by reviewers as “The best publication of the year”.Credit: H. Rashid.
13
MATS, SIW and DICEDuring the past year we have been looking to the future. As always this is guided by the opportunities that present themselves. Sweden’s National Space Board issued a call for new small innovative satellite ideas as a follow-up on MATS (Mesospheric Aerosol/Airglow Tomography Satellite) to which we submitted two ideas; SIW (Stratospheric Inferrred Winds) and DICE (Dual-band Ice Cloud Explorer) both of which were selected in December to go forward together with a proposal from KTH Royal Institute of Technology to a pre-study that is intended to ensure that the technical and financial risks are well understood before a final selection toward the end of 2017. The group has been working on the simulation waves in the oxygen airglow which is one of the phenomena that will be observed by MATS.DICE builds on current work within the group in preparation for the ICI (Ice Cloud Imager)
instrument that will fly on the next generation European operational weather satellites. This includes detailed studies of the radiative transport of microwave radiation of different frequencies in clouds with different particle shapes and orientations. With measurements at a number
Global Environmental Measurements and Modelling
Staff
Patrick ErikssonHannah ImhofAshley JonesMichael Kahnert (adj. prof.)Donal MurtaghKristell PerotDavid Simpson (adj. prof.)Ole Martin Christensen (guest scientist)
Doctoral students
Emma AnderssonRobin EkelundJoonas Kiviranta Julia RingsbyKazutoshi Sagi (-May)
Research group leader Donal MurtaghThe Global Environmental Measurements and Modelling group focuses on the production
and interpretation of global data-sets. To a large extent these originate from the Swedish-led Odin satellite project, where we are the main data processing centre for the submillimetre radiometer instrument providing the atmospheric community with quality-assessed data. On the scientific side we have continued with studies of the chemical and dynamical processes affecting the atmosphere. As in earlier annual reports, we chose to highlight one or two aspects of this research each year.
of frequencies information on the amount of water tied up in ice particles as well as some information about the size can be obtained. The idea with DICE is to perform similar measurements but with a higher horizontal resolution that better matches the types of structures seen in ice clouds and to do this from an orbit that is not fixed in local time so that the evolution of the cloud structures can be followed throughout the day. Such data will provide important tests of climate and weather prediction models. SIW also uses microwave spectroscopy but in this case we are interested in the shifts in the frequency of the emission lines cause by the wind field though the phenomenon known as the Doppler effect. Using data from the SMILES instrument that functioned on the International Space Station between Oct. 2009 and March 2010 we were able to demonstrate that stratospheric and mesospheric winds can be measured with an accuracy of 5-10 ms-1. SIW is designed to allow us to measure full vector winds over the height range 30-80 km and will also provide profiles of ozone and other related compounds, such as HCl and HNO3, that will continue these important observations after the current satellite instrument has ceased to function.
An example of a large tropical ice cloud of the type that can be investigated by DICE.Photo: © NASA
The figure shows how the SIW instrument will in turn observe first in the backward direction observe the cold sky as part of the calibration method then in the foward direction and finally the warm calibration target. Credit:Omnisys
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Optical Remote Sensing
Research group leader Bo Galle
Staff
Santiago ArellanoJörg Beecken Vladimir Conde (Feb-)Johan EkholmBo GalleJohn Johansson (Feb-) Johan MellqvistGlenn Persson
Doctoral student
John Johansson (-Feb)
Volcanic gas measurementsSince 2001 we are strongly involved in develop-ing methods to quantify gas emission from active volcanoes. The EU-project NOVAC (Network for Observation of Volcanic and Atmospheric Change), coordinated by Chalmers, was initiated in late 2005. This project aims at establishing a network of instruments for gas measurements and today comprises 41 of the most active volcanoes in the world. In 2013 a new project DECADE (Deep Earth Carbon Degassing) was initiated, aiming at improving the knowledge on CO2 emission from volcanoes as part of a large scale international effort DCO, Deep Carbon Observatory. During September 2016 a field campaign was carried out in Papua New Guinea with the aim to quantify the gas emission, SO2 and CO2, from the Bagana, Ta-vurvur and Ulawun volcanoes. There we tested for the first time performing measurements using a drone system. Successful measurements of plume composition were made up to an altitude of 1800 m above the ground.
Gas emissions from industry and trans-portUnique optical methods have been developed for the quantification of emissions of volatile hydro-carbons, NO2 and SO2. We are using these tech-niques worldwide for bottom-up and top-down studies of gas emissions from various sources. This includes gas measurements in north China during 2016 to assess industrial emissions and gas fluxes from Beijing (VR project Photosmog-
China), measurements of volatile hydrocarbons in Los Angeles from fossil fuel related activities and standardization of remote optical techniques for the quantification of gas emissions (CEN WG 38).
Gas and particle emissions from shippingSeveral methods, including both optical and sniffer technology, have been developed for remote airborne and ground based measurements of gas and particle exhaust emissions from ships. The aim with the systems is to control whether ships comply with new environmental regulation and to quantify emissions per fuel burnt. The work is funded by several EU projects (CompMon, EnviSum), the Danish environmental authorities and Chalmers Transport area of advance. During the period 2014-2016, measurements were carried out from fixed stations at the harbor of Göteborg, the Öresund Bridge, the Great Belt bridge and the port of Los Angeles. In addition airborne meas-urements of ships were carried out around Den-mark and at the entrance of the English channel.
Stratospheric ozone depletion and satel-lite validationSince 1994 we have operated a high resolution FTIR spectrometer for solar measurements at Harestua in southern Norway. The instrument is part of NDACC (Network for the Detection of Atmospheric Composition Change), and its main purpose is to study the composition of the atmosphere in relation to climate gases and to gases that induce stratospheric ozone loss. During 2016 regular measurements have been carried out, financed by the Swedish Environmental Protec-tion Agency.
The optical remote sensing group is working with development and application of ground-based optical remote sensing methods for atmospheric measurements. we focusb on tailoring instruments and measurement strategies to address specific measurement problems related to environmental research and monitoring needs. The work is very international and field-oriented, and spans a large variety of disciplines.
Photo taken when conducting airborne optical remote sensing measurements through a ship emission plume on Kattegatt. More than 200 ships were inspected during the second half of 2015. Photo: Johan Mellqvist
A drone, equipped with an in-situ SO2/CO2 instrument, used for sampling the volcanic gas plume at volcanoes in Papua New Guinea. Photo: Santiago Arellano
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Plasma Physics and Fusion Energy
Research group leader Hans Nordman
Staff
Dan Andersson (prof.
emeritus)
Markus Billeter (May-)
Yueqiang Liu
(adj. prof.)
Hans Nordman
Michael Oberparleiter
Eva Palmberg (Lecturer
emeritus)
Pär Strand
Dmitriy Yadykin
Doctoral students
Frida Eriksson
Daniel Tegnered
Instabilities and transport in fusion plasmasThe strong gradients in temperature present in magnetically confined fusion plasmas drive instabilities and turbulence in the plasma. This in turn leads to large transport of heat and particles across the confining magnetic field. The large turbulent transport crucially affects the size and performance of a fusion device. Our current work in this area is focused on modelling of experiments at the largest tokamak in operation, the Joint European Torus (JET, UK), using both large scale gyrokinetic turbulence simulations (see picture) and predictive simulations of density and temperature profiles using reduced fluid models of turbulent transport.
While turbulence is responsible for most of the transport in a fusion plasma, collisions of the plasma particles and the curvature of the magnetic field also drive the usually weaker neoclassical transport. A better understanding of synergy between the two transport phenomena in gyrokinetic simulations is an ongoing effort in the fusion research community. In our current work we study the role of this interaction for energy transport and how it is influenced by the plasma parameters.
One important objective for the next generation tokamak ITER is the study of alpha particle transport and associated heating. The fast alpha particles produced in the fusion reactions are prone to excite wave instabilities which may subsequently lead to severely degraded alpha particle confinement and reduced heating of the plasma. Within this field, our research activity focuses on theory development and modeling of the effects of alpha particles on plasma instabilities and transport.
Computational modelling of plasmasComputational modelling of turbulent transport is very demanding, requiring the use of supercomputers. Modelling larger plasmas, for example in ITER, with sufficient detail, and approaching the goal of predictive simulations, pushes computational demand even further. To meet these challenges, the group is also involved in developing the simulation code
The group Plasma Physics and Fusion Energy is focused on theoretical research on the physics of magnetically confined hot fusion plasmas. The research is strongly integrated with the international research activities, in particular the EU and ITER program, for the realisation of fusion energy as a safe, clean, and sustainable energy source.
GENE to be able to utilize current and future supercomputers. A significant portion of the computation power of these supercomputers is provided by non-conventional processing units such as GPUs (graphics processing units), and more recently, in the form of MICs (many integrated core architectures). The recent tier-0 European supercomputer, Marconi, includes a partition with 3600 Intel KNL chips, with 68 cores each. These 244800 cores provide for a peak performance of 11 Pflops, or roughly fice times the peak performance of the partition with conventional CPUs. Ongoing work focuses on efficiently utilizing these resources in GENE, as well as creating a foundation to move to new architectures more easily in the future.
Density fluctuations as computed by the GENE code shown together with the background density profile in a pellet fuelled JET experiment. Superimposed on a computer generated cross section of JET. Credit: JET image © EUROfusion, licensed under Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.
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to months, over a forest site in order to collect the data needed for parameter retrieval. Under-standing how the radar polarimetric response changes during observation intervals is necessary for improving retrieval algorithms. The system currently operates in five frequency bands from 420 MHz to 1375 MHz.
Satellite data for ship navigation supportDuring the past three years, the research group has participated in the SpaceNav project. The objective has been to use satellite data to derive information about wind, waves and ocean currents and to use this information to compute a ship route that minimizes fuel consumption and gas emissions. The optimum route is transmitted to the ship via a satellite link and presented in a graphical user interface developed in the project. Algorithms for ingestion, processing and merging of satellite and model data from a large number of external sources have been developed by the radar remote sensing group, while models for fuel con-sumption and route optimization have been imple-mented at Chalmers’ Department of Shipping and Marine Technology. The project has been funded by the EU seventh framework program and was concluded in November 2016 with a demonstra-tion of a navigation support system installed on a large cruiseferry. The work continues in the EO-Nav project, where the goals are to increase the number of ships that use the navigation service, test the service globally and build up a spin-off company that brings the service to the market.
Radar Remote Sensing
Research group leader Leif Eriksson
Staff
Jan Askne (prof. emeritus)Anders Berg (-Feb)Gisela CarvajalLeif ErikssonMaciej SojaJan Torgrimsson Lars UlanderMonika Wozniak (-Oct)Céline Heuzé (guest scientist)
Doctoral students
Wiebke Aldenhoff Erik Blomberg Anis Elyouncha Albert Monteith
Radar tower for time series measure-mentsThe European Space Agency is funding and devel-oping the BIOMASS satellite to be launched into low-Earth orbit in 2021. The payload is a SAR instrument which will be the first of its kind oper-ating at a centre frequency of 435 MHz and will be dedicated to global forest mapping. The radarremote sensing group is part of the research team developing the mission. As part of the prepara-tions, the 50 m high BorealScat tower has been erected at the Remningstorp forest test site between Skara and Skövde in southern Sweden. Equipped with an array of 5 x 4 ultra-wideband antenna elements and a 20-channel radar, the system provides fully polarimetric, tomographic electromagnetic imaging of the forest every 5 min-utes. The research station is also equipped with meteorological and moisture sensors. This will provide much needed information about how the radar response of boreal forests changes through-out the diurnal cycle, seasons and in the weather conditions at northern lattitudes. The BorealScat experiment aims to improve the understanding and accuracy of parameter estimation such as forest biomass and vertical canopy structure using SAR satellites. These satellites perform multiple imaging passes, separated by fractions of a second
The objective of our research is to investigate and develop advanced radar methods and their applications. Current application domains include forestry, glaciology and oceanography. The group specialises in synthetic aperture radar (SAR) and algorithms for image formation, autofocus and information extraction. Large-scale forest mapping is an important application motivated by the need for improved climate change prediction, storm-damage assessment and sustainable management in commercial forestry. Ocean surface winds and currents, and sea ice are other applications with importance for the climate system, but also for supporting ship routing and other maritime activities.
The 20-element antenna array at the top of the 50 m high BorealScat tower.Photo: Albert Monteith
Visit on the ship bridge before the demonstration of the SpaceNav navigation support system. Photo: Leif Eriksson
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Staff
Gunnar ElgeredRüdiger HaasThomas Hobiger Jan Johansson (adj. prof.)Hans-Georg Scherneck
Doctoral students
Niko Petteri Kareinen
Grzegorz Klopotek
Joakim Strandberg
Carsten Rieck (industrial student – June)
Jonas Flygare (Dec –)
Space Geodesy and Geodynamics
Research group leader Rüdiger Haas
Our main interests are geodynamic phenomena and atmospheric processes. We study e.g. deformations of the Earth’s crust due to mass redistribution, inter- and intra-plate tectonics, loading effects, and variations in the Earth’s orientation and rotation. We also study spatial and temporal variations of water vapour in the atmosphere. We address these research topics using a variety of observational techniques together with theoretical modelling.
Sea level measurements from inverse modeling of GNSS-R dataWe developed an advanced method to derive sea surface height from reflected Global Navigation Satellite System (GNSS) data. It is based on in-verse modelling of signal to noise data recorded by coastal GNSS equipment. The temporal variations of the sea surface are represented as B-splines in order to account for its continuity. A non-linear least-squares analysis of the signal to noise data with a consistent choice of model parameters enables the combination of multiple GNSS in one single inversion process. Compared to previ-ous analysis approaches using spectral analysis, the new method leads to a significant increase in precision of the sea level retrievals due to a better spatial and temporal sampling of the reflecting surface. The method was tested with data from the coastal GNSS sites at Onsala, Sweden, and Spring Bay, Tasmania. It leads to a significant improve-ment with respect to previous studies, in terms of accuracy, precision and coherence, when compar-ing against independent sea level observations from co-located tide gauges.
Robust ambiguity estimation for the analysis of geodetic VLBI observationsWe developed a strategy to improve the automat-ed analysis of geodetic Very Long Baseline Inter-ferometry (VLBI) observations. This is achieved by implementing a robust estimation procedure to determine the delay ambiguities in the VLBI data. Compared to the traditional analysis strategy, the new strategy leads to a significantly higher number of good quality earth rotation solutions and lower post-fit residuals.
Ultra-rapid earth rotation determination during continuous VLBI campaignsWe investigated the quality of the ultra-rapid re-sults for the difference between astronomical and atomic time, usually described as UT1-UTC, that were derived on the baseline Onsala – Tsukuba during the continuous VLBI campaigns CONT11 and CONT14 using an automated near-real time analysis strategy. The ultra-rapid results were compared to corresponding results from post-processing of the complete CONT networks and the results from dedicated intensive VLBI sessions on other single baselines. The accuracies of the ultra-rapid results showed to be roughly a factor of three worse than results from the dedicated single-baseline sessions and/or the results from complete network analysis. The reason is that the CONT sessions were not optimized for earth rotation determination on just a single baseline.
Wavelet coherence between tide gauge measurements at Spring Bay, Tasmania, and the sea surface heights retrieved by the inverse modeling (left) and the Lomb-Scargle method (right). The grey mask marks the areas where boundary effects impact the wavelet analysis, and the black contour marks the 5 % significance level against red noise. The inverse modeling shows much higher coherence (white colour) for periods between 6 and 36 hours, than the Lomb-Scargle method.
Results of UT1-UTC residuals with respect to the IERS 08 C04 series for CONT11 (top) and CONT14 (bottom). Shown from top to bottom are the CONT ultra-rapid results (CONT-UR, blue dots), the INT results from the analysis of BKG (INT-B, green squares), GSFC (INT-G, green upward triangles), and USNO (INT-U, green downward triangles), as well as the CONT post-processing results with 1-h temporal resolution (CONT-1h, small red dots) and the IVS quarterly solutions with 24-h temporal resolution (IVS-Q, large red dots). The data sets are offset by multiples of 200 μs from each other to improve visibility.
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Extragalactic Astrophysics
Research group leader Susanne Aalto
Staff
Susanne AaltoRebeca AladroRoy Booth (prof. emeritus)John ConwayFrancesco CostagliolaCathy HorellouSuzy Jones Kirsten Kraiberg KnudsenSabine König Alessandro RomeoGustaf Rydbeck (prof. emeritus)Flora StanleyMagnus Thomasson
Doctoral students
Niklas FalstadJudit FogasyJean Baptiste Jolly (Apr-)Lukas Lindroos (-Aug)Eskil Varenius (-Oct)
Galaxies, star formation and active galactic nucleiWe have explored the role that gravitational instability plays in NGC 1068, a nearby Seyfert galaxy that exhibits unusually vigorous starburst activity. Our results show that the starburst disk is subject to unusually powerful instabili-ties.Seyfert galaxies have nuclei that are powered by accreting supermassive black holes – a so-called AGN (Active Galactic Nucleus). AGNs often have powerful jets. We have modelled the broadband emission of our own Galaxy nucleus with a new improved version of a jet code to probe to what extent black hole accretion and growth processes are similar and independent of black hole mass. Using the ALMA telescope, we have discovered a jet-like molecular outflow in the lenticular galaxy NGC1377. The jet seems to be swirling which may be very unusual. We have detected radio continuum and X-ray emission for the first time in this extremely radio-quiet galaxy. We found that star formation alone cannot drive the observed molecular outflow and that this is likely associated with a peculiar, faint radio jet from a hidden AGN.We have recently mapped emission from multiple molecular species in NGC5195, a small disturbed companion galaxy to the large spiral M51, with the CARMA interferometer and the Onsala 20 m telescope. We find that NGC5195 is forming stars at a normal rate and that the filling factor of dense gas is rather low. Surprisingly, the luminosity of the CN radical is abnormally high which may be due to a buried AGN.
Our research covers a wide range of topics from star formation and spiral structure in nearby galaxies, the growth of supermassive black holes in galaxy nuclei to the evolution of galaxies and clusters in the early universe. We carry out observations, theoretical research and develop numerical simulations. We also help to develop future telescopes on the ground and in space. Here we present a few examples of the group’s very recent results.
Clusters of galaxies and the high-redshift UniverseThe first results of the XXL survey (a deep extragalactic survey of 50 square degrees of the sky carried out with the X-ray space observatory XMM-Newton) have been published. XXL is sensitive to clusters of galaxies and AGN out to cosmological distances. Catalogues of the brightest 100 galaxy clusters and 1000 AGNs were released. In addition, five superclusters (clusters of clusters of galaxies) were discovered and one of them, which is likely in the process of merging, was stud-ied in detail. We have also observed 42 massive clusters with a bolometer camera installed on the APEX telescope in Chile.
Using ALMA, significant progress has been made in the studies of some of the most distant galaxies that have been seen so far. Deep observations have revealed a faint detection of ionized carbon
in the galaxy A383-5.1), while the dust emission of the A1689-zD1 has been resolved revealing sub-kpc scale structure. Exploring the recently developed interferometric stacking code, statisti-cal studies have been conducted of distant galaxies that are very faint at radio and mm wavelengths. The studies focused on the sizes and size evolution for galaxies that are
normally evolving. The methodology and algorithm is continuously been improved and new features are now being investigated, among them the possibility of stacking spectral line data.
ALMA’s close-up view of the centre of galaxy NGC 1377 (upper left) reveals a swirling jet. In this colour-coded image, reddish gas clouds are moving away from us, bluish clouds towards us, relative to the galaxy’s centre. The ALMA image shows light with wavelength around one millimetre from molecules of carbon monoxide (CO). A cartoon view (lower right) shows how these clouds are moving, this time seen from the side. CTIO/H. Roussel et al./ESO (left panel); ALMA/ESO/NRAO/S. Aalto (middle panel); S. Aalto (right panel), Credit: Robert Cumming
LOFAR image (right) of the low frequency emission of the ultraluminous merging galaxies Arp220 (optical image, left). LOFAR reveals a previously unknown radio halo and shocked outflows/winds from the two merger nuclei. Credit: NASA/ESA; E. Varenius/LOFAR
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we used an advanced radiative transfer code to model Herschel data of molecular lines in the far infrared.Our ALMA studies of evolved stars also continued. New ALMA observations were used to investigate the detached shell around the evolved star R Sculptoris, and constrained the most recent thermal pulse. The total amount of mass lost in this process may be significantly higher, constraining the amount of new elements it can produce. We also reported detections with ALMA of the pure-rotational J=3-2 transition of CO within its first vibrationally-excited state from five AGB stars. This transition had been detected in only one AGB star previously. We show it to be a good probe of the gas in the poorly-understood region where AGB winds are accelerated.We also studied the inner dust envelope of the asymptotic giant branch star R Dor using the new extreme adaptive optics polarimeter, SPHERE, on the very large telescope (VLT). The observations were modeled to investigate the dust distribution close to the star and its role in driving the outflow of R Dor.
The interstellar medium, star- and planet formationThe general lack of oxygen in molecular clouds is an enigma in astrochemistry which, if resolved, could shed light on many other poorly understood issues. By observing very dense, cold cores with the HIFI instrument of the Herschel Space Observatory it has been possible to refute a proposed theory for how oxygen atoms and molecules bind to grain surfaces. Other Herschel and Spitzer Space Telescope observations, in the infrared, have solved the puzzle of the massive star IRAS 19312+1950. This star shows conflicting signs of being both extremely old and extremely young. Based on a analysis of the new data we have revealed that it is indeed an embedded protostar, rather than a late-stage star shedding its outer layers.ALMA has also been used to make the first observations how an outflow is launched from the rotating disc of gas and dust surrounding a young low mass star. These observations provide the first direct evidence of the disk-wind mechanism, where material is flung from the disk along magnetic field lines. With other ALMA observations, we have also been able to catch a young multiple-star system in the act of forming. The observations directly support the idea of forming close multiple systems through fragmentation of circumstellar disks.
Evolved starsWe have also continued the study of the dust and molecules in, and the morphology of, the circumstellar envelopes of asymptotic giant branch stars. The sulphur compounds SO and SO2 have not been widely studied in these envelopes. By modeling a large number of SO and SO2 lines, we determined for the first time their circumstellar abundances and distributions for stars of different mass-loss rates. We concluded that the observations are consistent with current chemical models for neither SO nor SO2. In a further study of seven evolved stars we find signatures of gaseous aluminum monoxide (AlO) close to the stellar surface. This gas reservoir likely serves as the feeding grounds for the first dust seeds around these stars, which are essential for propelling the stellar wind. It has also been possible to set new constraints on the abundances of H2O in the circumstellar envelope. For this,
ALMA observations of the red- and blue-shifted molecular outflow from the protostar TMC1A. Dust in the disk from where the outflow is launched is shown in green.
Galactic AstrophysicsOur research focuses on our own galaxy and its various constituents, including planetary atmospheres, the physics and chemistry of the interstellar medium and the evolution of stars, from star formation to stellar end products. We use a wide variety of observational tools covering a large wavelength range and perform detailed theoretical work and numerical simulations. Here we present a few examples of our recent work.
Research group leader Wouter Vlemmings
Staff
Per BjerkeliJohn Black (-May) (Jun- Emeritus)Elvire De Beck (Sep-)Malcolm Fridlund (Affiliated)Arto HeikkiläTheo KhouriKay JusttanontRené Liseau (-Oct) (Nov- Emeritus)Robin Lombaert (-Oct)Tuomas LunttilaMatthias MaerckerHans OlofssonCarina PerssonMagnus Persson (May-)Daniel Tafoya Wouter VlemmingsAnders Winnberg (prof. emeritus)Eva Wirström
Doctoral students
Daria Dall’OlioTaïssa Danilovich (-Feb)Mitra Hajigholi Boy LankhaarMaryam SaberiSofia Wallström (-Apr)Joachim Wiegert (-Sep)
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Onsala Space Observatory
Staff
Per BergmanBhushan Billade Per BjörklundTobia CarozziSimon CaseyJohn ConwayRobert CummingElvire De Beck (-Aug)Lars ErikssonIngemar Evertsson Magnus DahlgrenJens Dahlström Jonas Flygare Peter ForkmanRoger HammargrenLeif HelldnerKarl-Åke JohanssonJan KaraskuruUlf KylenfallMikael LernerMichael LindqvistIván Martí-VidalSebastien MullerMichael OlbergHenrik OlofssonSimon Olvhammar Miroslav PantaleevGlenn PerssonLars PetterssonJonas WahlbomLars WennerbäckRonny WingdénBo Wästberg (-Mar)Jun Yang
Staff shared with research groups
Gunnar ElgeredRüdiger HaasThomas Hobiger Hans-Georg ScherneckMagnus ThomassonWouter Vlemmings
A majority of the Group for Advanced Receiver Development (p.12) is also part of the observatory.
APEXA celebration of APEX’s 10 years of operation was held at the APEX base in Sequitor, Chile, in late January. The celebration coincided in time with an international evaluation of the APEX project. The report noted the high current scientific productivity of APEX and the innova-tive plans for future instrumentation. The report enthusiastically recommended the continuation of the APEX project through the 2018−2022 period.In February of 2016, an ALMA Band 9 receiver for the frequency band 600−722 GHz was in-stalled into the SEPIA cartridge on the APEX telescope. The installation was a joint effort by teams from NOVA and OSO’s Group for Ad-vanced Receiver Development (GARD). Science verification observations of the Band 9 receiver on Swedish time took place in June and August, and the first regular observations on Swedish time were successfully carried out in August.
ALMA Band 5 and archive miningThe Group for Advanced Receiver Development (GARD) has continued to deliver Band 5 receiv-ers to the ALMA telescopes, in cooperation with
Onsala Space Observatory (OSO) is the Swedish National Facility for Radio Astronomy. In Onsala, the observatory operates two parabolic radio telescopes, a 25 m diameter cm-wave dish and a 20 m diameter mm-wave dish, and the Swedish LOFAR (Low Frequency Array) station. The observatory is also one of three partners in the Atacama Pathfinder Experiment (APEX), a 12 m diameter submillimetre-wave telescope in Chile, and provides the channel through which Sweden is involved in large international radio astronomy projects, such as EVN (European VLBI Network), LOFAR, ALMA (Atacama Large Millimetre/submillimetre Array), and SKA (Square Kilometre Array). The Nordic ARC node, which provides ALMA support services to Nordic and Baltic astronomers, is based at OSO.In addition to radio astronomy, geoscience activities are an official part of the mission of the observatory. The geoscience equipment consists of receivers for GNSS (Global Navigation Satellite Systems), several tide gauge sensors, a superconducting gravimeter, a seismometer (owned by Uppsala University), and radiometers for aeronomy. The 20 m telescope is partly used for geodetic VLBI (Very Long Baseline Interferometry). The observatory also contributes to establishing the official Swedish time, by hosting two hydrogen maser clocks and one cesium clock.
NOVA (NL) and NRAO (US). Band 5 (157–212 GHz) includes a spectral line from the im-portant water molecule. In 2016, the first ALMA observations in Band 5 were made. The observed objects include the colliding galax-ies Arp 220, a massive region of star formation close to the centre of the Milky Way, and a dusty red supergiant star approaching the supernova explosion that will end its life. To process the data and check its quality, astronomers and technical specialists gathered at the Nordic ARC node in Onsala for a “Band 5 Busy Week”. The final re-sults were made freely available to the astronomi-cal community worldwide. ALMA has now observed the sky for more than five years, and has produced large amounts of data accessible to the entire astronomical community. The Nordic ARC node in Onsala now supports the Nordic community in archive searches, data retrieval, calibration, and imaging, and advanced analysis of the results.
VLBIAstronomers using the European VLBI Network (EVN), and the Arecibo Observatory, have for
the first time pinpointed the location of a so-called fast radio burst (FRB 121102) − a type of short-duration radio flash of enigmatic origin. The observations re-vealed that the galaxy hosting the FRB is surprisingly small, a so-called dwarf gal-axy located at a distance of over 3 billion light-years. The physical nature of FRBs is not known, but the location of FRB 121102 in a dwarf galaxy might be a clue to their origin.
SKAA feed horn for the Square Kilometre Array (SKA) Band 1 (350–1050 MHz), developed and built at OSO, was deliv-ered for testing in Canada in June 2016.
Director John Conway
With radio telescopes (incl. the 25 m telescope at OSO) linked together, astronomers have localized a fast radio burst’s exact position within its host galaxy. Credit: Danielle Futselaar (www.artsource.nl)
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It will eventually be fitted on each of the 133 dish antennas at the SKA’s South African site in the first phase of deployment of the SKA. The feed horn has a so-called quadridge design, with four ridges on the inside, and an opening almost one metre across. The horn is combined with an advanced low-noise amplifier (developed by the Gothenburg-based company Low Noise Factory in collaboration with OSO and the Gigahertz Centre at Chalmers).
The Onsala twin telescopesDuring June and July the equipment was installed in the cabins and the telescope foundation towers, and the reflectors were attached to the elevation cabins. An important milestone was reached on 18 August when the reflectors were mounted on top of the towers. The work continued with further installation, adjustment of the reflector panels and commissioning of the telescope drive systems. In parallel, the electronics lab at OSO worked on the production of two VGOS-compat-ible receiver systems, one with a quadridge feed and one with an Eleven feed, covering a common frequency range of 3–14 GHz. The site accept-ance test for the two telescopes was conducted in early December. After that the work continued with fine-tuning of the drive systems and the installation of the signal chains, including the time-and-frequency distribution and the receiv-ers. The goal is to achieve “first light” in early 2017 and to celebrate the official inauguration on 18 May 2017.
AeronomyThe first simultaneous measurements of mes-ospheric O3 at 110.8 GHz and CO at 115.3 GHz made by a ground-based, double-sideband, and frequency-switched radiometer system operated at OSO was presented in 2016. The figure shows the retrieved vertical profiles of CO and O3 from October 2014 until April 2015. The general struc-ture of the CO distribution is seen in the upper plot with a sharp increase in volume mixing in the upper mesosphere. The time series mainly covers the winter period when the general circulation
brings down air from the thermosphere into the mesosphere, which increases the mesospheric CO abundance. This down-welling is strongest inside the polar vortex, and the variation of CO seen from day to day is mainly explained by move-ment of the polar vortex. The time series of O3 in the lower plot both show the upper part of the stratospheric peak and a nighttime peak at altitudes above 70 km. The observed mesospheric diurnal peak is a mixture of both “the secondary ozone
peak” at 90 km and “the tertiary ozone peak”, located at 72 km.
OSO in Horizon 2020 projectsOSO is part of three Horizon 2020 projects funded by the EU (proposals submitted and ac-cepted in 2016): RadioNet, AENEAS and Jump-ing JIVE. RadioNet joins together 28 radio astronomy institutes. OSO will be part of the Transnational Access program via APEX and EVN, partici-pate in the Networking Activities, and will play a major role in all of the Joint Research Activi-ties which includes both software and hardware development.The large scale, rate, and complexity of the data that the Square Kilometre Array (SKA) will generate, present challenges in data manage-ment, computing, and networking. The AENEAS project will develop a concept and design for a distributed European Science Data Centre to support the astronomical community in achieving the scientific goals of the SKA. Jumping JIVE aims to prepare and position Euro-pean Very Long Baseline Interferometry (VLBI) for the SKA era, and to plan the role of JIVE, as well as the EVN, in the future European and global landscape of research infrastructures.
Retrieved volume mixing ratio of CO and O3 (ppm) for the measurement period. The white lines mark where the a priori affects the result with 20 % (< 20 % between the lines).Credit: Peter Forkman
The Onsala twin telescopesCredit: Onsala Space Observatory/Roger Hammargren
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PublicationsThe list contains peer reviewed journal publications that were actually published during 2016. The publications are presented for each research group and in alphabetical order based on the first author´s last name. A few publications with authors from more than one research group are listed in each group. In order to have a list of a reasonable size, we have chosen to only include peer reviewed journal publications on these pages. PhD and licentiate theses are presented on pages 10 and 11. A complete list for 2016, and in most cases also links to the full papers, can be found at: publications.lib.chalmers.se/cpl/lists/publications/departments.
Advanced Receiver Development
Humphreys, E.M.L.; Vlemmings, W.; Impellizzeri, C.M.V.; ... ; Olberg, M.; Conway, J.; Belitsky, V.; et al. (2016).
Detection of 183 GHz H2O megamaser emission towards NGC 4945.Astron. Astrophys., 592.
Krause, S.; Afanas’ev, V.; Desmaris, V.; Meledin, D.; Pavolotsky, A.; Belitsky, V.; et al. (2016).Ambient temperature growth of mono- and polycrystalline NbN nanofilms and their surface and composition analysis.IEEE T. Appl. Supercon., 26.
Rashid, H.; Desmaris, V.; Pavolotsky, A.; Belitsky, V. (2016).THz Frequency Up-Conversion using Superconducting Tunnel Junction.IEEE Microw. Wireless Compon. Lett., 26, 831-833.
Rashid, H.; Desmaris, V.; Belitsky, V. (2016).Design of Wideband Waveguide Hybrid with Ultra-Low Amplitude Imbalance. IEEE Xplore: IEEE Trans. THz Sci. Technol., 6, 83-90.
Rashid, H.; Krause, S.; Meledin, D.; Desmaris, V.; Pavolotsky, A.; Belitsky, V. (2016).Frequency Multiplier Based on Distributed Superconducting Tunnel Junctions: Theory, Design, and Characterization.IEEE Xplore: IEEE Trans. THz Sci. Technol., 6; 724-736.
Rashid, H.; Desmaris, V.; Pavolotsky, A.; Belitsky, V. (2016).Harmonic and reactive behavior of the quasiparticle tunnel current in SIS junctions.AIP Adv., 6.
Yadranjee Aghdam, P.; Rashid, H.; Pavolotsky, A.; Desmaris, V.; Belitsky, V. (2016).Dependence of the scatter of the electrical properties on local non-uniformities of the tunnel barrier in Nb/Al-AlOx/Nb junctions.J. Appl. Phys., 119, 0545021-0545026.
Global Environmental Measurements and Modelling
Andersson, E.; Kahnert, M. (2016)Coupling aerosol optics to the MATCH (v5.5.0) chemical transport model and the SALSA (v1) aerosol microphysics module.Geosci. Model Dev., 9, 1803-1826.
Biver, N.; Moreno, R.; Bockelee-Morvan, D.; … ; Hjalmarson, Å.; … ; Murtagh, D.P.; et al. (2016).Isotopic ratios of H, C, N, O, and S in comets C/2012 F6 (Lemmon) and C/2014 Q2 (Lovejoy). Astron. Astrophys., 589, A78.
Christensen, O.M.; Benze, S.; Eriksson, P.; … ; Murtagh, D.P.; et al. (2016).The relationship between polar mesospheric clouds and their background atmosphere as observed by Odin-SMR and Odin-OSIRIS. Atmos. Chem. Phys., 16, 12587-12600.
Forkman, P.; Christensen, O.M.; Eriksson, P.; Billade, B.; et al. (2016).A compact receiver system for simultaneous measurements of mesospheric CO and O3.Geosci. Instrum. Methods Data Sys., 2016, 27-44.
Hallquist, M.; Munthe, J.; Hu, M.; Mellqvist, J.; … ; Simpson, D.; et al. (2016).Photochemical Smog in China: Scientific challenges and implications for air quality policies. Natl. Sci. Rev.
Hubert, D.; Lambert, J.C.; Verhoelst, T.; ... ; Murtagh, D.P.; ... ; Urban, J.; et al. (2016). Ground-based assessment of the bias and long-term stability of 14 limb and occultation ozone profile data records.Atmos. Meas. Tech., 9, 2497-2534.
Khosrawi, F.; Urban, J.; Lossow, S.; ... ; Murtagh, D.P.; et al. (2016).Sensitivity of polar stratospheric cloud formation to changes in water vapour and temperature.Atmos. Chem. Phys., 16, 101-121.
Larsson, R.; Milz, M.; Rayer, P.; ... ; Eriksson, P.; et al. (2016). Modeling the Zeeman effect in high-altitude SSMIS channels for numerical weather prediction profiles: Comparing a fast model and a line-by-line model.Atmos. Meas. Tech., 9, 841-857.
Moradi, I.; Arkin, P.; Ferraro, R.; Eriksson, P.; et al. (2016).Diurnal variation of tropospheric relative humidity in tropical regions.Atmos. Chem. Phys., 16, 6913-6929.
Plieninger, J.; Laeng, A.; Lossow, S.; ... ; Urban, J.; … ; Murtagh, D.P.; et al. (2016).Validation of revised methane and nitrous oxide profiles from MIPAS-ENVISAT. Atmos. Meas. Tech., 9, 765-779.
Photo: Victor Belitsky
© NASA
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Sheese, P.E.; Walker, K.A.; Boone, C.D.; ... ; Murtagh, D.P.; … ; Urban, J.; et al. (2016).Validation of ACE-FTS version 3.5 NOy species profiles using correlative satellite measurements. Atmos. Meas. Tech., 9, 5781-5810.
Tegtmeier, S.; Hegglin, M.I.; Anderson, J.; ... ; Jones, A.; et al. (2016).The SPARC Data Initiative: Comparisons of CFC-11, CFC-12, HF and SF6 climatologies from international satellite limb sounders.Earth Syst. Sci. Data, 8, 61-78.
Theobald, M.; Simpson, D.; Vieno, M. (2016)Improving the spatial resolution of air-quality modelling at a European scale - Development and evaluation of the Air Quality Re-gridder Model (AQR v1.1).Geosci. Model Dev., 9, 4475-4489.
Optical Remote Sensing
Arellano, S.; Yalire, M.; Galle, B.; … ; Johansson, M.E.B.; Norman, P.; et al. (2016).Long-term monitoring of SO2 quiescent degassing from Nyiragongo’s lava lake. J. Afr. Earth Sci.
Bobrowski, N.; Giuffrida, G.; Yalire, M.; … ; Arellano, S.; Galle, B.; et al. (2016). Multi-component gas emission measurements of the active lava lake of Nyiragongo, DR Congo.J. Afr. Earth Sci.
Conde, V.; Bredemeyer, S.; Saballos, J.; Galle, B.; et al. (2016).Linking SO2 emission rates and seismicity by continuous wavelet transform: implications for volcanic surveillance at San Cristbal volcano, Nicaragua.Int. J. Earth. Sci., 105, 1453-1465.
De Moor, J.; Aiuppa, A.; Avard, G.; … ; Conde, V.; Galle, B.; et al. (2016).Turmoil at Turrialba Volcano (Costa Rica): Degassing and eruptive processes inferred from high-frequency gas monitoring.J. Geophys. Res-Sol. Ea., 121, 5761-5775.
Dingwell, A.; Rutgersson, A.; Claremar, B.; Arellano, S.; … ; Galle, B.; et al. (2016).Seasonal and diurnal patterns in the dispersion of SO2 from Mt. Nyiragongo. Atmos. Environ., 132, 19-29.
Hallquist, M.; Munthe, J.; Hu, M.; Mellqvist, J.; … ; Simpson, D.; et al. (2016).Photochemical Smog in China: Scientific challenges and implications for air quality policies.Natl. Sci. Rev.
Lubcke, P.; Lampel, J.; Arellano, S.; … ; Galle, B.; et al. (2016).Retrieval of absolute SO2 column amounts from scattered-light spectra: implications for the evaluation of data from automated DOAS networks.Atmos. Meas. Tech., 9, 5677-5698.
Tulet, P.; Di Muro, A.; Colomb, A; ... ; Arellano, S.; … ; Galle, B.; et al. (2016).First results of the Piton de la Fournaise STRAP 2015 experiment: multidisciplinary tracking of a volcanic gas and aerosol plume.Atmos. Chem. Phys. Discuss.
Vignelles, D.; Roberts, T.; ... ; Galle, B.; Conde, V.; Arellano, S.; et al. (2016).Balloon-borne measurement of the aerosol size distribution from an Icelandic flood basalt eruption.Earth Planet Sci. Lett., 453, 252-259.
Plasma Physics and Fusion Energy
Anderson, D.; Desaix, M.; Nyqvist, R. (2016).The least uncomfortable journey from A to B.Am. J. Phys., 84, 690.
Anderson, J.; Johansson, J. (2016).The probability density function tail of the Kardar–Parisi–Zhang equation in the strongly nonlinear regime. J. Phys. A Math. Gen., 49, 505001.
Guo, S.; Liu, Y.; Xu, X.Y.; et al. (2016).Cancellation of drift kinetic effects between thermal and energetic particles on the resistive wall mode stabilization.Nucl. Fusion, 56.
He, Y.; Liu, Y.; Liu, Y.; et al. (2016).Combined effects of trapped energetic ions and resistive layer damping on the stability of the resistive wall mode.Phys. Plasmas, 23.
Li, L.; Liu, Y.; Kirk, A.; et al. (2016). Modelling plasma response to RMP fields in ASDEX Upgrade with varying edge safety factor and triangularity.Nucl. Fusion, 56, 126007.
Li, L.; Liu, Y.; Liang, Y.; et al. (2016).Screening of external magnetic perturbation fields due to sheared plasma flow. Nucl. Fusion, 56.
Liu, Y.; Ham, C.J.; Kirk, A.; et al. (2016).ELM control with RMP: Plasma response models and the role of edge peeling response.Plasma Phys. Contr. F., 58, 114005.
Liu, Y.; Akaslompolo, S.; Cavinato, M.; et al. (2016).Modelling of 3D fields due to ferritic inserts and test blanket modules in toroidal geometry at ITER.Nucl. Fusion, 56, 066001.
Liu, Y.; Sabbagh, S.A.; Chapman, I.T.; et al. (2016).Multimachine Data-Based Prediction of High-Frequency Sensor Signal Noise for Resistive Wall Mode Control in ITER.Fusion Sci. Technol. 70, 387-405.
Liu, Y.; Ryan, D.; Kirk, A.; et al. (2016).Toroidal modelling of RMP response in ASDEX Upgrade: coil phase scan, q(95) dependence, and toroidal torques.Nucl. Fusion, 56.
Moradi, S.; del-Castillo-Negrete, D.; Anderson, J. (2016).Charged particle dynamics in the presence of non-Gaussian Lévy electrostatic fluctuations.Phys. Plasmas, 23.
Moradi, S.; Anderson, J. (2016).The role of phase dynamics in a stochastic model of a passively advected scalar. Phys. Plasmas, 23, 052310.
Oberparleiter, M.; Jenko, F.; Told, D.; et al. (2016).Interaction between neoclassical effects and ion temperature gradient turbulence in gradient- and flux-driven gyrokinetic simulations.Phys. Plasmas, 23.
Tegnered, D.; Strand, P.; Nordman, H.; et al. (2016).Comparative gyrokinetic analysis of JET baseline H-mode core plasmas with carbon wall and ITER-like wall. Plasma Phys. Contr. F., 58.
Photo: Santiago Arellano
Credit: Frida Eriksson/ Matthew Lilley- Physics Department, Imperial College, London, United Kingdom
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Tegnered, D.; Oberparleiter, M.; Nordman, H.; Strand, P. (2016).Fluid and gyrokinetic modelling of particle transport in plasmas with hollow density profiles.J. Phys. Conf. Ser., 775, 012014.
Yang, X.; Sun, Y.; Liu, Y.; et al. (2016).Modelling of plasma response to 3D external magnetic field perturbations in EAST. Plasma Phys. Contr. F., 58., 114006.
Zackrisson, M.; Hallin, J.; Ottosson, L-G.; ... ; Skyman, A.; et al. (2016).Scan-o-matic: High-Resolution Microbial Phenomics at a Massive Scale. G3: Genes Genom. Genet., 6, 3003-3014.
Zhou, L.; Liu, Y.; Liu, Y.; et al. (2016).Plasma response based RMP coil geometry optimization for an ITER plasma. Plasma Phys. Contr. F., 58., 115003.
Radar Remote Sensing
Johansson, A.M.; Berg, A. (2016).Agreement and Complementarity of Sea Ice Drift Products.IEEE J. Sel. Topics Appl. Earth Observ. Remote Sens., 9, 369-380.
Torgrimsson, J.; Dammert, P.; Hellsten, H.; Ulander, L.M.H. (2016).An Efficient Solution to the Factorized Geometrical Autofocus Problem.IEEE Trans. Geosci. Remote Sens., 54, 4732-4748.
Wozniak, M.; Bradtke, K.M.; Darecki, M.; et al. (2016).Empirical Model for Phycocyanin Concentration Estimation as an Indicator of Cyanobacterial Bloom in the Optically Complex Coastal Waters of the Baltic Sea.Remote Sens., 8.
Zeng, X.; Monteith, A.; Fhager, A.; et al. (2016).Noise performance comparison between two different types of time-domain systems for microwave detection.Int. J. Microw. Wirel. T., 1-8.
Radio Astronomy and Astrophysics and the Swedish National Facility for Radio Astronomy
Aalto, S.; Costagliola, F.; Muller, S.; et al. (2016).A precessing molecular jet signaling an obscured, growing supermassive black hole in NGC 1377?Astron. Astrophys., 590, A73.
Adami, C.; Pompei, E.; Sadibekova, T.; ... ; Horellou, C.; et al. (2016).The XXL Survey VIII. MUSE characterisation of intracluster light in a z similar to 0.53 cluster of galaxies.Astron. Astrophys., 592, A7.
Alatalo, K.; Aladro, R.; Nyland, K.; Aalto, S.; et al. (2016).After the interaction: An efficiently star-forming molecular disk in NGC 5195. Astrophys. J., 830, 137.
Algaba Brazález, A.; Flygare, J.; Yang, J.; et al. (2016).Design of F-Band Transition from Microstrip to Ridge Gap Waveguide Including Monte Carlo Assembly Tolerance Analysis.IEEE Trans. Microw. Theory Techn., 64, 1245-1254.
Asabere, B.D.; Horellou, C.; Jarrett, T.H.; et al. (2016).Mid-infrared dust in two nearby radio galaxies, NGC 1316 (Fornax A) and NGC 612 (PKS 0131-36)Astron. Astrophys., 592, A20.
Baczko, A.K.; Schulz, R.; Kadler, M.; ... ; Lindqvist, M.; ... ; Marti-Vidal, I.; et al. (2016).A highly magnetized twin-jet base pinpoints a supermassive black hole.Astron. Astrophys., 593.
Baes, M.; Gordon, K.D.; Lunttila, T.; et al. (2016).Composite biasing in Monte Carlo radiative transfer.Astron. Astrophys., 590, A55.
Baran, N.; Smolcic, V.; Milakovic, D.; … ; Bourke, S.; … ; Horellou, C.; et al. (2016).The XXL Survey IX. Optical overdensity and radio continuum analysis of a supercluster at z=0.43.Astron. Astrophys., 592.
Barragán, O.; Grziwa, S.; Gandolfi, D.; Fridlund, M.; et al. (2016).K2-98b: A 32 M ⊕ Neptune-Siza Planet in a 10 Day Orbit Transiting an F8 Star.Astron. J., 152, 193.
Bender, A.N.; Kennedy, J.; Ade, P.A.R.; ... ; Dahlin, D.; … ; Horellou, C.; et al. (2016).Galaxy cluster scaling relations measured with APEX-SZ.Mon. Not. R. Astron. Soc., 460, 3432-3446.
Benz, A.O.; Bruderer, S.; van Dishoeck, E.F.; ... ; Liseau, R.; et al. (2016).Water in star-forming regions with Herschel (WISH): VI. Constraints on UV and X-ray irradiation from a survey of hydrides in low- to high-mass young stellar objects.Astron. Astrophys., 590, A105.
Biver, N.; Moreno, R.; Bockelee-Morvan, D.; … ; Hjalmarson, Å.; … ; Murtagh, D.P.; et al. (2016).Isotopic ratios of H, C, N, O, and S in comets C/2012 F6 (Lemmon) and C/2014 Q2 (Lovejoy). Astron. Astrophys., 589, A78.
Bjerkeli, P.; Jørgensen, J.K.; Bergin, E.A.; et al. (2016).Water around IRAS 15398-3359 observed with ALMA. Astron. Astrophys., 595, A39.
Bjerkeli, P.; Jørgensen, J.K.; Brinch, C. (2016).A young bipolar outflow from IRAS 15398-3359.Astronomy & Astrophysics vol. 587, 2016
Bjerkeli, P.; van der Wiel, M.H.D.; Harsono, D.; et al. (2016).Resolved images of a protostellar outflow driven by an extended disk wind.Nature, 540, 406-409.
Brandeker, A.; Cataldi, G.; Olofsson, G.; … ; Fridlund, M.; ... ; Liseau, R.; et al. (2016).Herschel detects oxygen in the β Pictoris debris disk.Astron. Astrophys., 591, A27.
Buitink, S.; Corstanje, A.; Faleke, H.; ... ; Conway, J.; et al. (2016).A large light-mass component of cosmic rays at 10(17)-10(17.5) electronvolts from radio observations.Nature, 531, 70.
Carozzi, T. (2016).Simple estimation of all-sky, direction-dependent Jones matrix of primary beams of radio interferometers.Astron. Comput., 16, 185-188.
Ciroletti, M.; Marcote, B.; Garrett, M.; … ; Yang, J.; et al. (2016).FRB 150418: clues to its nature from European VLBI Network and e-MERLIN observations. Astron. Astrophys., 593, L16-L19.
Photo: Jens Dahlström
Photo: Leif Eriksson
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Cordiner, M.A.; Boogert, A.C.A; Charnley, S.; Justtanont, K.; ... ; Wirström, E.; et al. (2016).On the Nature of the Enigmatic Object IRAS 19312+1950: A Rare Phase of Massive Star Formation?Astrophys. J., 828.
Costagliola, F.; Herrero-Illana, R.; Lohfink, A.; ... ; Aalto, S., Muller, S.; et al. (2016).Radio continuum and X-ray emission from the most extreme far-IR-excess galaxy NGC 1377: An extremely obscured AGN revealed.Astron. Astrophys., 594.
Coutens, A.; Jørgensen, J.K.; Van Der Wiel, M.; ... ; Bjerkeli, P.; et al. (2016).The ALMA-PILS survey: First detections of deuterated formamide and deuterated isocyanic acid in the interstellar medium.Astron. Astrophys., 590, L6.
Danilovich, T.; De Beck, E.; Black, J.H.; Olofsson, H.; Justtanont, K. (2016).Sulphur molecules in the circumstellar envelopes of M-type AGB stars.Astron. Astrophys., 588.
Decin, L.; Richards, A.; Millar, T.; ... ; De Beck, E.; et al. (2016).ALMA-resolved salt emission traces the chemical footprint and inner wind morphology of VY Canis Majoris.Astron. Astrophys., 592, A76.
van Driel, W.; Butcher, Z.; Schneider, S.; … ; Olofsson, A.O.H.; et al. (2016).NIBLES: an HI census of stellar mass selected SDSS galaxies I. The Nancay HI survey.Astron. Astrophys., 595, A118.
Drouart, G.; Rocca-Volmerange, B.; De Breuck, C.; et al. (2016).Disentangling star formation and AGN activity in powerful infrared luminous radio galaxies at 1 < z < 4.Astron. Astrophys., 593, A109.
Duev, D.A.; Pogrebenko, S.V.; Cimo, G.; ... ; Haas, R.; Lindqvist, M.; et al. (2016). Planetary Radio Interferometry and Doppler Experiment (PRIDE) technique: A test case of the Mars Express Phobos fly-by.Astron. Astrophys., 593, A34
Eigmuller, P.; Eisloffel, J.; Csizmadia, S.; ... ; Fridlund, M.; et al. (2016).An M Dwarf Companion to an F-Type Star in a Young Main-Sequence Binary.Astron. J., 151.
Exter, K.M.; Cox, N.L.J.; Swinyard, B.M.; … ; De Beck, E.; et al. (2016).On the properties of dust and gas in the environs of V838 Monocerotis.Astron. Astrophys., 596.
Fan, L.; Han, Y.; Nikutta, R.; Drouart, G.; Knudsen, K.K. (2016).Infrared Spectral Energy Distribution Decomposition of Wise-Selected, Hyperluminous Hot Dust-Obscured Galaxies.Astrophys. J., 823, 107.
Forkman, P.; Christensen, O.M.; Eriksson, P.; Billade, B.; et al. (2016).A compact receiver system for simultaneous measurements of mesospheric CO and O3.Geosci. Instrum. Methods Data Sys., 2016, 27-44.
Fotopoulou, S.; Pacaud, F.; Paltani, S.; ... ; Horellou, C.; et al. (2016).The XXL Survey VI. The 1000 brightest X-ray point sources. Astron. Astrophys., 592, A5.
Fridlund, M.; Hatzes, A.; Liseau, R. (2016).The Way Forward. Space Sci. Rev., 205, 349-372.
Galametz, M.; Zhang, Z.Y.; Immer, K.; ... ; Aladro, R.; et al. (2016).Water, methanol and dense gas tracers in the local ULIRG Arp 220: results from the new SEPIA Band 5 Science Verification campaign. Mon. Not. R. Astron. Soc., 462, L36-L40.
Garcia-Burillo, S.; Combes, F.; Almeida, C.R.; ... ; Aalto, S.; … ; Costagliola, F.; et al. (2016). ALMA resolves the torus of NGC 1068: Continuum and molecular line emission.Astrophys. J. Letters., 823, L12.
Ginsburg, A.; Henkel, C.; Ao, Y.P.; ... ; Aalto, S.; et al. (2016).Dense gas in the Galactic central molecular zone is warm and heated by turbulence. Astron. Astrophys., 586, A50.
Gorti, U.; Liseau, R.; Sándor, Z.; et al. (2016).Disk Dispersal: Theoretical Understanding and Observational Constraints.Space Sci. Rev., 205, 125-152.
Groenewegen, M.A.T.; Vlemmings, W.; Marigo, P.; ... ; Justtanont, K.; ... ; Olofsson, H.; et al. (2016).The ALMA detection of CO rotational line emission in AGB stars in the Large Magellanic Cloud.Astron. Astrophys., 596.
Grziwa, S.; Gandolfi, D.; Csizmadia, S.; Fridlund, M.; et al. (2016).K2-31B, a Grazing Transiting Hot Jupiter on a 1.26-Day Orbit Around a Bright G7v Star.Astron. J., 152.
Gullberg, B.; De Breuck, C.; Lehnert, M.D.; ... ; Drouart, G.; et al. (2016).The mysterious morphology of MRC0943-242 as revealed by ALMA and MUSE. Astron. Astrophys., 586.
Gullberg, B.; Lehnert, M.D.; De Breuck, C.; ... ; Drouart, G.; et al. (2016).ALMA finds dew drops in the dusty spider’s web.Astron. Astrophys., 591.
Hajigholi, M.; Persson, C.M.; Wirström, E.; Black, J.H.; Bergman, P.; Olofsson, A.O.H.; Olberg, M.; ... ; Hjalmarsson, Å.; et al. (2016).On the accretion process in a high-mass star forming region - A multitransitional THz Herschel-HIFI study of ammonia toward G34.26+0.15. Astron. Astrophys., 585, A158, 20.
Hardcastle, M.; Gurkan, G.; van Weeren, R.J.; ... ; Conway, J.; et al. (2016).LOFAR/H-ATLAS: a deep low-frequency survey of the Herschel-ATLAS North Galactic Pole field.Mon. Not. R. Astron. Soc., 462, 1910-1936.
Hobiger, T.; Haas, R.; Löfgren, J. (2016).Software-Defined Radio Direct Correlation GNSS Reflectometry by Means of GLONASS. IEEE J. Sel. Topics Appl. Earth Observ. in Remote Sens.., 9, 4834-4842.
Hodge, J.A; Swinbank, A.M.; Simpson, J.M.; ... ; Knudsen, K.K.; et al. (2016).Kiloparsec-Scale Dust Disks in High-Redshift Luminous Submillimeter Galaxies. Astrophys. J., 833.
Humphreys, E.M.L.; Vlemmings, W.; Impellizzeri, C.M.V.; ... ; Olberg, M.; Conway, J.; Belitsky, V.; et al. (2016).Detection of 183 GHz H2O megamaser emission towards NGC 4945.Astron. Astrophys., 592, L13.
Credit: ESA/S. Komossa/Beabudai Design
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Krips, M.; Martin, S.; Sakamoto, K.; Aalto, S.; ... ; König, S.; et al. (2016).ACA CI observations of the starburst galaxy NGC 253. Astron. Astrophys., 592, L3.
König, S.; Aalto, S.; Muller, S.; et al. (2016).Deep ALMA imaging of the merger NGC 1614. Is CO tracing a massive inflow of non-starforming gas?Astron. Astrophys., 594, A70.
Lindberg, J.; Aalto, S.; Muller, S.; Marti-Vidal, I.; Falstad, N.; Costagliola, F.; et al. (2016).Evidence for a chemically differentiated outflow in Mrk 231.Astron. Astrophys., 587.
Lindroos, L.; Knudsen, K.K.; Fan, L.; Conway, J.; et al. (2016).Estimating sizes of faint, distant galaxies in the submillimetre regime. Mon. Not. R. Astron. Soc., 462, 1192-1202.
Liseau, R.; De la Luz, V.; O’Gorman, E.; et al. (2016).ALMA’s view of the nearest neighbors to the Sun: The submm/mm SEDs of the α Centauri binary and a new source.Astron. Astrophys., 594, A109.
Liu, H.; Wright, M.C.H.; Zhao, J.H.; … ; Marti-Vidal, I.; et al. (2016).Linearly polarized millimeter and submillimeter continuum emission of Sgr A* constrained by ALMA. Astron. Astrophys., 593.
Lombaert, R.; Decin, L.; Royer, P.; ... ; Khouri, T.; et al. (2016).Constraints on the H2O formation mechanism in the wind of carbon-rich AGB stars.Astron. Astrophys., 588.
López-Calderón, C.; Bronfman, L.; Nyman, L-Å.; … ; Bergman, P.; et al. (2016).G345.45+1.50: An expanding ring-like structure with massive star formation. Astron. Astrophys., 595, A88.
Maercker, M.; Danilovich, T.; Olofsson, H.; De Beck, E.; Justtanont, K.; Lombaert, R.; et al. (2016).A HIFI view on circumstellar H 2 O in M-type AGB stars: Radiative transfer, velocity profiles, and H 2 O line cooling.Astron. Astrophys., 591, A44.
Maercker, M.; Vlemmings, W.; Brunner, M.; De Beck, E.; ... ; Lindqvist, M.; Olofsson, H.; et al. (2016).A detailed view of the gas shell around R Sculptoris with ALMA.Astron. Astrophys., 586, A5.
Marti-Vidal, I.; Abellan, F.; Marcaide, J.; et al. (2016).Absolute kinematics of radio-source components in the complete S5 polar cap sample: IV. Proper motions of the radio cores over a decade and spectral properties. Astron. Astrophys., 596, 27.
Marti-Vidal, I.; Muller, S. (2016).Using gravitationally lensed images to investigate the intrinsic AGN variability.Astron. Astrophys., 590, A83.
Marti-Vidal, I.; Roy, A.; Conway, J.; et al. (2016).Calibration of mixed-polarization interferometric observations Tools for the reduction of interferometric data from elements with linear and circular polarization receivers.Astron. Astrophys., 587, A143.
Marti-Vidal, I.; Vlemmings, W.; Muller, S. (2016).Dual differential polarimetry. A technique to recover polarimetric information from dual-polarization observations.Astron. Astrophys., 593, A61.
Martin, S.; Aalto, S.; Sakamoto, K.; ... ; Muller, S.; ... ; Aladro, R.; Costagliola, F.; et al. (2016).The unbearable opaqueness of Arp220.Astron. Astrophys., 590, 25.
Izumi, T.; Kohno, K.; Aalto, S.; et al. (2016).Submillimeter-HCN Diagram for Energy Diagnostics in the Centers of Galaxies.Astrophys. J., 818.
Jackson, N.; Tagore, A.; Deller, A.; Moldon, J.; Varenius, E.; et al. (2016).LBCS: The LOFAR Long-Baseline Calibrator Survey.Astron. Astrophys., 595, A86.
Johnson, M.; Gandolfi, D.; Fridlund, M.; et al. (2016).Two Hot Jupiters from K2 Campaign 4.Astron. J., 151.
Jørgensen, J.K.; van der Wiel, M.H.D.; Coutens, A.; ... ; Bjerkeli, P.; et al. (2016).The ALMA Protostellar Interferometric Line Survey (PILS) First results from an unbiased submillimeter wavelength line survey of the Class 0 protostellar binary IRAS 16293-2422 with ALMA.Astron. Astrophys., 595, A117.
Kang, J-H.; Byun, D-Y.; Kim, K-T; … ; Vlemmings, W.; et al. (2016).Linear Polarization of Class I Methanol Masers in Massive Star-forming Regions.Astrophys. J. Suppl. S.; 227.
Kareinen, N.; Hobiger, T.; Haas, R. (2016).Automated ambiguity estimation for VLBI Intensive sessions using L1-norm. J. Geodyn., 102, 39-46.
Kawaguchi, K.; Muller, S.; Black, J.H.; et al. (2016).Detection of HF Toward PKS 1830-211, Search for Interstellar H2F+, and Laboratory Study of H2F+ and H2Cl+ Dissociative Recombination.Astrophys. J., 822, 115.
Khouri, T.; Maercker, M.; Waters, L.; Vlemmings, W.; ... ; De Beck, E.; ... ; O’Gorman, E.; ... ; Lombaert, R.; et al. (2016).Study of the inner dust envelope and stellar photosphere of the AGB star R Doradus using SPHERE/ZIMPOL.Astron. Astrophys., 591.
Khouri, T.; Vlemmings, W.; Ramstedt, S.; Lombaert, R.; Maercker, M.; De Beck, E. (2016).ALMA observations of the vibrationally excited rotational CO transition v = 1, J = 3 - 2 towards five AGB stars.Mon. Not. R. Astron. Soc., Letters., 463. L74-L78.
Kimani, N.; Sendlinger, K.; Brunthaler, A.; ... ; Marti-Vidal, I.; et al. (2016).Radio evolution of supernova SN 2008iz in M 82.Astron. Astrophys., 593. Knudsen, K.K.; Richard, J.; Kneib, J-P.; … ; Lindroos, L.; et al. (2016).C II emission in z similar to 6 strongly lensed, star-forming galaxies.Mon. Not. R. Astron. Soc., 462, L6-L10.
Koprowski, M.P.; Coppin, K.E.K.; Geach, J.; … ; Knudsen, K.; et al. (2016).A resolved map of the infrared excess in a Lyman Break Galaxy at z= 3. Astrophys. J. Letters., 828.
Koulouridis, E.; Poggianti, B.; Altieri, B.; ... ; Horellou, C.; et al. (2016).The XXL Survey: XII. Optical spectroscopy of X-ray-selected clusters and the frequency of AGN in superclusters.Astron. Astrophys., 592, A11.
Credit: Bill Saxton, ALMA (ESO/NAOJ/NRAO), NRAO/AUI/NSF.
27
Matsuura, M.; Sargent, B.; Swinyard, B.; ... ; Khouri, T.; et al. (2016).The mass-loss rates of red supergiants at low metallicity: detection of rotational CO emission from two red supergiants in the Large Magellanic Cloud. Mon. Not. R. Astron. Soc., 462, 2995-3005.
Moldon, J.; Deller, A.T.; Wucknitz, O.; … ; Carozzi, T., Conway, J.; ... ; Varenius, E.; et al. (2016).LBCS: The LOFAR long baseline snapshot calibrator survey.Astron. Astrophys., 574, A73.
Molina, S.N.; Agudo, I.; Gomez, J.L.; … ; Marti-Vidal, I.; et al. (2016).Direct Imaging of a Toroidal Magnetic Field in the Inner Jet of NRAO 150. Galaxies, 4, 70.
Montesinos, B.; Eiroa, C.; Krivov, A.V.; ... ; Liseau, R.; ... ; Fridlund, M.; et al. (2016).Incidence of debris discs around FGK stars in the solar neighbourhood. Astron. Astrophys., 593.
Morabito, L.K.; Deller, A.T.; Rottgering, H.; ... ; Varenius, E.; et al. (2016).LOFAR VLBI studies at 55 MHz of 4C 43.15, a z=2.4 radio galaxy.Mon. Not. R. Astron. Soc., 461, 2676-2687.
Moser, L.; Krips, M.; Busch, G.; ... ; König, S.; et al. (2016).A low-luminosity type-1 QSO sample. IV. Molecular gas contents and conditions of star formation in three nearby Seyfert galaxies.Astron. Astrophys., 587, A137.
Moss, D.; Mikhailov, E.; Silchenko, O.; ... ; Horellou, C.; et al. (2016).Magnetic fields in ring galaxies.Astron. Astrophys., 592, A44.
Muller, S.; Kawaguchi, K.; Black, J.; et al. (2016).Detection of extragalactic CF+ toward PKS 1830-211 Chemical differentiation in the absorbing gas.Astron. Astrophys., 589, L5.
Muller, S.; Müller, H.; Black, J.H.; ... ; Aalto, S.; et al. (2016).OH+ and H2O+ absorption toward PKS 1830-211. Astron. Astrophys., 595, A128 (1-10).
Nesvadba, N.; Kneissl, R.; Canameras, R.; ... ; König, S.; et al. (2016).Planck’s Dusty GEMS. II. Extended [CII] emission and absorption in the Garnet at z=3.4 seen with ALMA.Astron. Astrophys., 593, L2.
Otsubo, T.; Matsuo, K.; Aoyama, Y.; … ; Hobiger, T.; et al. (2016).Effective expansion of satellite laser ranging network to improve global geodetic parameters.Earth Planets Space, 68.
Pacaud, F.; Clerc, N.; Giles, P.A.; ... ; Horellou, C.; et al. (2016).The XXL Survey II. The bright cluster sample: catalogue and luminosity function. Astron. Astrophys., 592.
Persson, C.M.; Olofsson, A.O.H.; Le Gal, R.; Wirström, E.; ... ; Olberg, M.; ... ; Black, J.H.; et al. (2016).Ortho-to-para ratio of NH2. Herschel-HIFI observations of ortho- and para-NH2 rotational transitions towards W31C, W49N, W51 and G34.3+0.1. Astron. Astrophys., 586, A128.
Pierre, M.; Pacaud, F.; Adami, C.; ... ; Horellou, C.; et al. (2016).The XXL Survey I. Scientific motivations - XMM-Newton observing plan - Follow-up observations and simulation programme. Astron. Astrophys., 592.
Pirogov, L.E.; Shul’ga, V.M.; Zinchenko, I.I.; … ; Thomasson, M.; et al. (2016).Multifrequency Studies of Massive Cores with Complex Spatial and Kinematic Structures. Astron. Rep+, 60, 904-923.
Ridden-Harper, A.R.; Snellen, I.A.G.; Keller, C.U.; ... ; Fridlund, M.; et al. (2016).Search for an exosphere in sodium and calcium in the transmission spectrum of exoplanet 55 Cancri e. Astron. Astrophys., 593, A129.
Romeo, A.; Fathi, K. (2016).What powers the starburst activity of NGC 1068? Star-driven gravitational instabilities caught in the act.Mon. Not. R. Astron. Soc., 460, 2360-2367.
Schmidt, M.R.; He, J.H.; Szczerba, R.; ... ; Justtanont, K.; ... ; Olofsson, H.; … ; Schöier, F.L.; et al. (2016).Herschel/HIFI observations of the circumstellar ammonia lines in IRC+10216.Astron. Astrophys., 592.
Sharon, C.E.; Riechers, D.A.; Hodge, J.; ... ; Knudsen, K.K.; et al. (2016). A Total Molecular Gas Mass Census in z~ 2-3 Star-forming Galaxies: Low-J CO Excitation Probes of Galaxies’ Evolutionary States. Astrophys. J., 827.
Shimwell, T.W.; Luckin, J.; Bruggen, M.; ... ; Horellou, C.; et al. (2016).A plethora of diffuse steep spectrum radio sources in Abell 2034 revealed by LOFAR. Mon. Not. R. Astron. Soc., 459, 277-290.
Smith, A.M.S.; Gandolfi, D.; Barragán, O.; ... ; Fridlund, M.; et al. (2016).K2-99: A subgiant hosting a transiting warm Jupiter in an eccentric orbit and a long-period companion. Mon. Not. R. Astron. Soc., 464, 1-10.
Smolčić, V.; Delhaize, J.; Huynh, M.; ... ; Horellou, C.; et al. (2016).The XXL Survey: XI. ATCA 2.1 GHz continuum observations? Astron. Astrophys., 592, A10.
Stewart, A.J.; Fender, R.P.; Broderick, J.W.; ... ; Conway, J.; et al. (2016).LOFAR MSSS: detection of a low-frequency radio transient in 400 h of monitoring of the North Celestial Pole.Mon. Not. R. Astron. Soc., 456, 2321-2342.
Taquet, V.; Wirström, E.; Charnley, S. (2016).Formation and Recondensation of Complex Organic Molecules During Protostellar Luminosity Outbursts. Astrophys. J., 821.
Tetarenko, B.E.; Bahramian, A.; Arnason, R.M.; … ; Vlemmings, W.; et al. (2016).The First Low-Mass Black Hole X-Ray Binary Identified in Quiscence Outside of a Globular Cluster. Astrophys. J., 825.
Credit: EVN/JIVE/J. Yang
Credit: EVN/JIVE/X.-L. Yang et al.
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Space Geodesy and Geodynamics
Duev, D.A.; Pogrebenko, S.V.; Cimo, G.; ... ; Haas, R.; Lindqvist, M.; et al. (2016).Planetary Radio Interferometry and Doppler Experiment (PRIDE) technique: A test case of the Mars Express Phobos fly-by. Astron. Astrophys., 593.
Guerova, G.; Jones, J.; Dousa, J.; ... ; Elgered, G.; et al. (2016).Review of the state of the art and future prospects of the ground-based GNSS meteorology in Europe.Atmos. Meas. Tech., 9, 5385-5406.
Haas, R.; Hobiger, T.; Kurihara, S.; et al. (2016).Ultra-rapid earth rotation determination with VLBI during CONT11 and CONT14.J. Geodesy., 1-7.
Hobiger, T.; Haas, R.; Löfgren, J. (2016).Software-Defined Radio Direct Correlation GNSS Reflectometry by Means of GLONASS.IEEE J. Sel. Topics Appl. Earth Observ. in Remote Sens., 9, 4834-4842.
Kareinen, N.; Hobiger, T.; Haas, R. (2016).Automated ambiguity estimation for VLBI Intensive sessions using L1-norm.J. Geodyn., 102, 39-46.
Lösler, M.; Haas, R.; Eschelbach, C. (2016).Terrestrial monitoring of a radio telescope reference point using comprehensive uncertainty budgeting – Investigations during CONT14 at the Onsala Space Observatory.J. Geodesy., 90, 467-486.
Ning, T.; Wang, J.; Elgered, G.; et al. (2016).The uncertainty of the atmospheric integrated water vapour estimated from GNSS observations.Atmos. Meas. Tech., 9, 79-92.
Otsubo, T.; Matsuo, K.; Aoyama, Y.; ... ; Hobiger, T.; et al. (2016).Effective expansion of satellite laser ranging network to improve global geodetic parameters.Earth Planets Space, 68.
Strandberg, J.; Hobiger, T.; Haas, R. (2016).Improving GNSS-R sea level determination through inverse modeling of SNR data.Radio Sci., 51, 1286-1296.
Tobin, J.J.; Kratter, K.M.; Persson, M.V.; et al. (2016).A triple protostar system formed via fragmentation of a gravitationally unstable disk. Nature, 538, 483-486.
Torchinsky, S.A.; Olofsson, A.O.H.; Censier, B.; et al. (2016).Characterization of a dense aperture array for radio astronomy.Astron. Astrophys., 589, A77.
Vacca, V.; Oppermann, N.; Enßlin, T.; ... ; Horellou, C.; et al. (2016).Using rotation measure grids to detect cosmological magnetic fields: A Bayesian approach.Astron. Astrophys., 591, A13.
Varenius, E.; Conway, J.; Marti-Vidal, I.; Aalto, S.; ... ; König, S.; ... ; Horellou, C.; ... ; Carozzi, T.; et al. (2016).Subarcsecond international LOFAR radio images of Arp 220 at 150 MHz: A kpc-scale star forming disk surrounding nuclei with shocked outflows. Astron. Astrophys., 593, A86.
Wallström, S.; Muller, S.; Guelin, M. (2016).Isotopic ratios at z=0.68 from molecular absorption lines toward B 0218+357. Astron. Astrophys., 595, A96.
Wedemeyer, S.; Bastian, T.; Brajsa, R.; ... ; Black, J.H.; et al. (2016).Solar Science with the Atacama Large Millimeter/Submillimeter Array-A New View of Our Sun.Space Sci. Rev., 200, 1-73.
van Weeren, R.J.; Brunetti, G.; Bruggen, M.; ... ; Horellou, C.; et al. (2016).LOFAR, VLA, and Chandra Observations of the Toothbrush Galaxy Cluster. Astrophys. J., 818.
van Weeren, R.J.; Williams, W.L.; Hardcastle, M.J.; ... ; Horellou, C.; et al. (2016).LOFAR Facet Calibration.Astrophys. J. Suppl. S., 223.
Wiegert, J.; Faramaz, V.; Cruz-Saenz de Miera, F. (2016).94 Ceti: a triple star with a planet and dust disc. Mon. Not. R. Astron. Soc., 462, 1735-1748.
Williams, W.L., van Weeren, R.J., Rottgering, H.J.A.; … ; Conway, J.; et al. (2016). LOFAR 150-MHz observations of the Bootes field: catalogue and source counts. Mon. Not. R. Astron. Soc., 460, 2385-2412.
Williamson, D.; Martel, H.; Romeo, A. (2016).Chemodynamic Evolution of Dwarf Galaxies in Tidal Fields.Astrophys. J., 831, 1.
Wirström, E.; Charnley, S.; Cordiner, M.; et al. (2016). A Search for O2 in Co-Depleted Molecular Cloud Cores with Herschel. Astrophys. J., 830, 102-106.
Wirström, E.; Lerner, M.; Källström, P.; et al. (2016).HCN observations of comets C/2013 R1 (Lovejoy) and C/2014 Q2 (Lovejoy).Astron. Astrophys., 588, A72.
Yang, C.; Omont, A.; Beelen, A.; ... ; Falstad, N.; et al. (2016).Submillimeter H2O and H2O+ emission in lensed ultra- and hyper-luminous infrared galaxies at z ~ 2-4.Astron. Astrophys., 595, A80.
Yang, J.; Paragi, Z.; van der Horst, A.J.; et al. (2016).No apparent superluminal motion in the first-known jetted tidal disruption event Swift J1644+5734. Mon. Not. R. Astron. Soc., 462, L66-L70.
Yang, X.; Yang, J.; Paragi, Z.; et al. (2016).NGC 5252: a pair of radio-emitting active galactic nuclei? Mon. Not. R. Astron. Soc., 464, L70-L74.(2015). The scuba-2 cosmology legacy survey: alma resolves the bright-end of the sub-millimeter number counts.Astrophys. J., 807.
Photo: Gunnar Elgered
Credit: Hans-Georg Scherneck
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Facts and Figures
External funding (SEK 1,000) 2016 2015 2014 2013 2012
Swedish Research Council 46,987 51,921 46,128 46,006 49,007
European Community 12,758 9,185 11,821 6,238 12,885
Swedish National Space Board 17,118 18,251 16,516 17,429 12,621
Other 12,714 11,741 9,863 10,735 7,413
Intl. Org. – ESA, ESO, CNES 9,258 7,821 – 7,404 2,391
VINNOVA (Swedish Govt. Agency
for Innovation Systems) 1,832 1,817 2,547 4,553 4,112
Total 100,667 100,736 95,318 92,365 88,429
Personell (31 Dec) 2016 2015 2014 2013 2012
Professors 14 16 15 14 12
Adjunct Professors 6 6 7 7 6
Associate professors/
University Lecturers 9 9 10 8 10
Assistant Professors 2 1 1 3 3
Researchers 4 3 3 2 2
Post Doc 21 20 13 10 8
Research engineers 32 28 26 24 21
Technical staff 13 15 12 12 16
Administrative staff 7 7 7 7 7
Doctoral students 21 27 25 30 31
Ammanuens 1 1 2
Total 130 133 119 117 118
Income (SEK 1,000) 2016 2015 2014 2013 2012
Research grants 98,056 95,977 91,513 90,298 86,816
Research, faculty funding 44,447 41,339 41,543 38,099 37,561
First degree & master’s studies 6,679 7,637 7,720 6,602 5,980
Other 3,240 4,419 2,308 4,003 3,531
Chalmers foundation – 1,481 1,771 – 125
Total 152,422 150,853 144,855 139,002 136,025
Used grants (SEK 1,000) 2016 2015 2014 2013 2012
Personnel 89,670 85,490 78,622 74,068 68,504
Internal overhead, IT, etc. 19,467 18,232 17,561 17,410 18,144
Fees (APEX, JIVE, etc.) 6,322 10,043 10,322 9,274 9,580
Premises 8,834 8,780 9,505 9,322 8,656
Other 15,851 14,372 12,724 14,279 12,685
Investments 5,591 6,325 5,919 6,174 6,472
Travel 4,822 5,816 4,110 4,086 3,818
Total 150,557 149,058 138,763 134,613 127,859
Professors; 14 Adjunct Professors; 6
Associate professors/ University
Lecturers; 9
Assistant Professors; 2
Post Doc; 21
Research engineers; 32
Researchers; 4
Technical staff; 13
Administrative staff; 7
Doctoral students; 21
Ammanuens; 1
Swedish Research Council; 46,987
European Community;
12,758
Swedish National Space Board; 17,118
Other; 12,714
Intl. Org. – ESA, ESO, CNES; 9,258
VINNOVA (Swedish Govt. Agency for Innovation Systems); 1,832
Personnel; 89,670
Internal overhead, IT, etc.; 19,467
Fees (APEX, JIVE, etc.);
6,322
Premises; 8,834
Other; 15,851 Investments; 5,591
Travel; 4,822
Research grants; 98,056
Research, faculty funding; 44,447
First degree & master’s studies;
6,679
Other; 3,240 Chalmers foundation; 0
2016
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Organisation
Departmental Advisory Group
The advisory team’s task is to identify and take a standpoint on overall strategic issues that are of relevance to the long-term development of the department, and to support the department’s steering group in other matters that may arise. The team met three times during 2016.
External representatives 2016• Göran Netzler, Chairman• Göran Berndes, Chalmers’ President’s representative• Thomas Lewin, Ericsson Research• Sven Grahn, Swedish Space Corporation• Marie Rådbo, University of Gothenburg
Internal representatives 2016• Gunnar Elgered, Head of Department• Camilla Andersson, Secretary• Alessandro Romeo, Teachers’ representative• Leif Eriksson, Teachers’ representative• Alexey B. Pavolotsky, Technical/Administrative
staff’s representative• Mathias Fredrixon, Technical/Administrative
staff’s representative• Niklas Falstad, PhD Student’s representative• Simon Nilsson, Students’ representative• Filippa Hallqvist, Students’ representative• Kirsten Kraiberg Knudsen, Substitute teachers’
representative
Local Collaboration Group
The Local Collaboration Group is a forum for discussing all issues concerning the management of the department: appointment of staff members, matters related to the premises and general working conditions, including the work environment (physical as well as psychosocial) and gender equality.
The group consist of the Head of Department, the Head of Administration and Finance, the Personnel Officer, three representatives from our unions, a work environment ombudsman and an equality ombudsman, and meets every sixth week.
Management GroupThe management group handles strategic as well as operational matters for the department as a whole. It meets every third week. The group consists of: the Head of Department, the Deputy Head, the Vice Head, a Secretary, the Head of Administration and Finance, the Personnel Officer, the Director of the Onsala Space Observatory and our seven research group leaders.
Teaching StaffThe teaching staff had on the average over 2016 approximately 24 members. Alessandro Romeo was the Chairman and Hans-Georg Scherneck was the Vice Chairman up to the summer. The group has an advisory function on research and educational issues and met 3 times during the year.
Local Collaboration Group
Administration(Sofie Halldén)
Plasma Physics and Fusion Energy
(Hans Nordman)
Advanced Receiver Development
(Victor Belitsky)
Radar Remote Sensing
(Leif Eriksson)
Global Environmental Measurements and
Modelling(Donal Murtagh)
Radio Astronomy and Astrophysics*
(Susanne Aalto)
Optical Remote Sensing
(Bo Galle)
Space Geodesy and Geodynamics
(Rüdiger Haas)
Teaching staffManagement Group Departmental Advisory Group
Head of Department(Gunnar Elgered)
Deputy Head and Director of Graduate
Studies(Donal Murtagh)HR Specialist
(Sandra Hesselmar/Anna Engkvist)
Onsala Space Observatory(John Conway)
The Swedish National Facility for Radio Astronomy
Vice Head and Director of
Undergraduate Studies
(Magnus Thomasson)
* In August 2016 the Radio Astronomy and Astrophysics research group was divided into two research groups: Extragalactic Astrophysics with Susanne Aalto as group leader and Galactic Astrophysics with Wouter Vlemmings as group leader.
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• Sofie Halldén Head of Administration/Communications Officer
• Maria Karlsson Department Financial Officer
• Katarina Norheim Financial Officer
• Camilla Andersson Administrator
• Paula Rosell Administrator
• Paulina Sjögren Administrator
Administration and Finance
The group works with organisational and financial planning and follow-up, accounting, study administration, HR administration, purchasing, web and other forms of communication, as well as any other services needed by the research and teaching staff. On December 31 the group consisted of:
Eva Wirström and Jana Mendrok were happy winners of the Shuffleboard competition at the yearly department day in September.Photo: Leif Eriksson
November sunset at Onsala Space Observatory with the twin telescopes to the left and the
25 m telescope to the right.
Photo: Sofie Halldén
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Department of Earth and Space Sciences
Chalmers University of Technology
SE-412 96 Gothenburg, Sweden
Telephone: +46 31-772 10 00
Internet: www.chalmers.se/rss