earth and space science and engineeringlassonde.yorku.ca/sites/default/files/esse... · department...

EARTH AND SPACE SCIENCE AND

ENGINEERING

DEPARTMENT OF EARTH AND SPACE SCIENCE AND ENGINEERING

LASSONDE SCHOOL OF ENGINEERING

YorkU-PSE 102, 4700 Keele St.

Toronto, ON, M3J 1P3

www.yorku.ca

[email protected]

416.736.5245

About the Cover Image:

Shaded relief of the Columbia Icefield. This high-fidelity digital elevation model of the Columbia Icefield, Canada, was derived from historical

vertical aerial photography flown in 1949/1950. Natural Resources Canada and York University, Department of Earth and Space Science and

Engineering are conducting a change detection study of the icefield. The icefield forms the hydrological apex of western Canada and the study

is addressing the hydro-climatological significance of the detected changes, as well as the challenges of using multi-temporal earth observation

data.

Photos Provided By: Costas Armenakis. Ph.D Associate Professor of Geomatics.

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TABLE OF CONTENTS

DEPARTMENT MEMBERS Faculty, Administrative and Technical Staff……….3

INTRODUCTION Undergraduate Degrees……………………………..5

Undergraduate Admissions…………………………6

Certificate in Meteorology………………………….6

Certificate in Geographic Information

Systems (GIS) and Remote Sensing………………..6

Graduate Study and Research………………………6

Complaints Procedures……………………………..6

Senate Policy on Academic Dishonesty……………7

Grading……………………………………………..7

Prizes, Awards and Scholarships…………………...7

Clubs………………………………………………..8

Job Opportunities………………………………….10

OVERVIEW OF REQUIREMENTS Bachelor of Science Program……………………...11

Specialized Honours Bachelor of Science Program.11

Specialized Honours Bachelor of Engineering

Program…………………………………………....11

Honours Double Major Program.………………….13

Honours Major or Minor Program………………...14

DEGREE REQUIREMENTS: FOR INCOMING STUDENTS FALL 2014 Bachelor of Science Earth and Atmospheric Science…………………...18

Specialized Honours Bachelor of Science Atmospheric Science……………………………....19

Earth Science………………………………………21

Space Science……………………………………...23

Honours Bachelor of Science Double Major Atmospheric Science Major……………………….24

Earth Science Major……………………………….25

Bachelor of Engineering Geomatics Engineering……………………………26

Space Engineering………………………………....28

DEGREE REQUIREMENTS: FOR STUDENTS ENROLLED PRIOR TO FALL 2014 Bachelor of Science Earth and Atmospheric Science Stream…………...31

Specialized Honours Bachelor of Science Atmospheric Science Stream……………………...32

Earth Science Stream……………………………...34

Space Science Stream……………………………..35

Bachelor of Engineering Geomatics Engineering……………………………36

Space Engineering………………………………...38

CERTIFICATE PROGRAMS Certificate in Meteorology……………………..….40

Certificate in Geographic Information Systems

(GIS) and Remote Sensing………………………...41

COURSE DESCRIPTIONS The Dynamic Earth and Space Geodesy

(LE/ESSE 1010 3.0)………………………….….42

Introduction to Atmospheric Science

(LE/ESSE 1011 3.0) ………………………….…43

The Earth Environment

(LE/ESSE 1012 3.0) ….………………………....44

Natural, Technological and Human-Induced Disasters

(LE/ESSE 1410 6.0) …………………………….45

Introductory Meteorology

(LE/ESSE 2010 3.0)……………………………..46

Geophysics and Space Science

(LE/ESSE 2030 3.0) ………………………….…46

Introduction to Continuum Mechanics

(LE/ESSE 2470 3.0)………………………….….47

Geomatics and Space Engineering

(LE/ESSE 2610 2.0) ………………………….…48

Fundamentals of Surveying

(LE/ESSE 2620 3.0)……………………….…….49

Field Surveys

(LE/ESSE 2630 3.0) ………………………….…50

Global Geophysics and Geodesy

(LE/ESSE 3020 3.0)……………………………..51

Atmospheric Radiation and Thermodynamics

(LE/ESSE 3030 3.0or SC/PHYS 3080 3.0)……….52

Atmospheric Dynamics I

(LE/ESSE 3040 3.0)……………………………..53

Introductory Atmospheric Chemistry

(LE/ESSE 3130 3.0 or

SC/CHEM 3060 3.0)……....................................54

Physics of the Space Environment

(LE/ESSE (EATS) 3280 3.0 or

SC/PHYS 3280 3.0)……………………............55

Heat Transfer and Thermal Design

(LE/ESSE 3360 3.0)……………………………. 55

Geographic Information Systems (GIS) and

Spatial Analysis

(LE/ESSE 3600 3.0)……………………………..56

Geodetic Concepts

(LE/ESSE 3610 3.0)……………………………..57

Adjustment Calculus

(LE/ESSE 3620 3.0)……………………………..58

Analysis of Overdetermined Systems

(LE/ESSE 3630 3.0)……………………….…….59

Geodetic Surveys

(LE/ESSE 3640 3.0)……………………………..60

Photogrammetry

(LE/ESSE 3650 3.0)……………………….…….61

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Advanced Field Surveys

(LE/ESSE 3660 3.0)……………………………..62

(LE/ESSE 3660 3.0)………………………………62

Research Project

(LE/ESSE 4000 3.0 and 6.0)………………….....63

Time Series and Spectral Analysis

(LE/ESSE 4020 3.0 or SC/MATH 4830 3.0 or

SC/PHYS 4060 3.0)……………………………….63

Synoptic Meteorology I catalogue

(LE/ESSE 4050 3.0)………………………..........64

Synoptic Meteorology II

(LE/ESSE 4051 3.0)………………………..........65

Cloud Physics and Radar Meteorology

(LE/ESSE 4120 3.0)………………………..........66

Atmospheric Dynamics II

(LE/ESSE 4130 3.0)………………………..........66

Numerical Weather Prediction

(LE/ESSE 4140 3.0)………………………..........67

Climate and Climate Change

(LE/ESSE 4160 3.0)………………………..........68

Remote Sensing of the Earth's Surface

(LE/ESSE 4220 3.0)………………………..........69

Remote Sensing of the Atmosphere

(LE/ESSE 4230 3.0)………………………..........70

Storms and Weather Systems

(LE/ESSE 4240 3.0)………………………..........71

Pay Load Design

(LE/ESSE 4360 3.0)………………………..........72

Space Mission Design

(LE/ESSE 4361 3.0)………………………..........72

Finite Element Methods in Engineering Design

(LE/ESSE 4370 3.0)………………………..........73

Geographical Information Systems (GIS)

& Data Integration

(LE/ESSE 4400 3.0)………………………..........74

Global Positioning Systems

(LE/ESSE 4610 3.0)………………………..........75

Physical and Space Geodesy

(LE/ESSE 4620 3.0)………………………..........76

Geomatics Image Processing

(LE/ESSE 4630 3.0)………………………..........77

Digital Terrain Modelling

(LE/ESSE 4640 3.0)………………………..........78

Hydrography

(LE/ESSE 4650 3.0)………………………..........79

Cadastral Surveys and Land Registration Systems

(LE/ESSE 4660 3.0)………………………..........80

Survey Law

(LE/ESSE 4670 3.0)………………………..........81

Geomatics Multi-Sensor Systems

(LE/ESSE 4680 3.0).………………………..........82

Advanced 3D Geospatial Techniques

(LE/ESSE 4690 3.0)………………………...........82

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DEPARTMENT MEMBERS

FACULTY

Aldridge, Keith D., Professor Emeritus of

Geophysics, Senior Scholar, Room 102 PSE

(416)736-5245 ([email protected])

Armenakis, Costas, Associate Professor of

Geomatics Engineering, Room 146 PSE (416)736-

2100 #55221 ([email protected])

Bisnath, Sunil, Associate Professor of Geomatics

Engineering, Room 129 PSE (416)736-2100 #20556

([email protected])

Chen, Yongsheng, Associate Professor of

Atmospheric Science, Room 249A PSE (416)736-


Cheng, Qiuming, Professor of Geographical

Information Systems (GIS), Room 116 PSE

(416)736-2100 #22842 ([email protected])

Chesser, Hugh, Associate Lecturer of Space


([email protected])

Daly, Michael, Associate Professor of Space

Science, Room 428 PSE (416)736-2100 #22066

([email protected])

Gordon, Mark, Assistant Professor Atmospheric

Science, Room 431 PSE (416)736-2100 #22764

([email protected])

Haas, Christian, Professor of Geophysics, Room

105 PSE (416)736-2100 #77705 ([email protected])

Hu, Baoxin, Associate Professor of Geomatics


([email protected])

Jarvis, Gary T. Professor of Earth Science, Room


Jenkins, Mary-Ann, (Sabbatical 2014/15)

Associate Professor of Atmospheric Science, Room


Klaassen, Gary P., Associate Professor of

Atmospheric Science, Room 152 PSE (416)736-2100

#77757 ([email protected])

Lee, Regina S.K., (Chair) Associate Professor of

Space Engineering, Room 104 PSE (416)736-2100


McElroy, Tom, Industrial research Chair and

Professor of Atmospheric Remote Sounding, Room

419 PSE (416)736-2100 #22113

([email protected])

Miller, John R., Professor Emeritus of Geomatics

and Space Physics, Room 102 PSE (416)736-5245

([email protected])

Moores, John, Assistant Professor of Space

Engineering, Room 203 PSE (416)736-5731

([email protected])

Pagiatakis, Spiros, Professor of Geomatics

Engineering, Room 150 Atkinson, (416)736-2100


Quine, Brendan, Associate Professor of Space


([email protected])

Shan, Jinjun, Associate Professor of Space


([email protected])

Shepherd, Gordon G., Professor Emeritus of Space

Science, Room 205 PSE (416)736-2100 #33221

([email protected])

Smylie, Douglas E., Professor Emeritus and Senior

Scholar in Geophysics, Room 140 PSE (416)736-


Sohn, Gunho, Associate Professor of Geomatics

Engineering, Room 149 PSE (416)650-

8011([email protected])

Szeto, A. (Tony) M.K., (Sabbatical 2014/15)

Associate Professor of Earth Science, Room 110 PSE

(416)736-2100 #77703 ([email protected])

Taylor, Peter A., Professor of Atmospheric Science,

Room 112 PSE (416)736-2100 #77707

([email protected])

Vukovich, George, Associate Professor of Space


([email protected])

mailto:[email protected]

























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Wang, Jian-Guo, Associate Lecturer of Geomatics


([email protected])

Whiteway, Jim, Canada Research Chair, Associate

Professor of Space Engineering, Room 417 PSE

(416)736-2100 #22310 ([email protected])

Zhu, Zheng Hong (George), Professor of

Engineering Design, Room 202 PSE (416)736-2100


ADMINSTRATIVE &

TECHNICAL STAFF

Panaro, Paola, Administrative Assistant, Room 102

PSE (416) 736-5245 ([email protected])

Terry, Du, Laboratory Coordinator for ESSE

1010/1011/1012, Room 046 CS, (416)736-2100







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INTRODUCTION This handbook is a supplement to the York University Undergraduate Program Calendar. It is designed to

assist students and their advisors in deciding on a selection of courses that will both meet the career

objectives and interests of the student as well as the formal degree requirements of the department and the

Lassonde School of Engineering.

UNDERGRADUATE DEGREES

The department offers the following degree programs: three-year BSc in Earth and Atmospheric Science;

four-year Specialized Honours BSc in the following areas - Geomatics, Atmospheric Science, Space

Science; four to five year Specialized Honours BEng in the following areas - Geomatics Engineering and

Space Engineering.

BSc Honours degree candidates in Geomatics must complete the Geomatics Core; BSc Honours degree

candidates in Atmospheric Science must complete the Atmospheric Science Core. In addition, a variety

of Honours Double Major programs are offered, involving ESSE majors or minors in other Science

disciplines and Faculties. Specialized Honours BEng degree candidates complete a common first-year of

study, and will follow the degree requirements for their program of study - Geomatics or Space

engineering.

The Department provides instruction in the fundamental sciences of the Earth and its Atmosphere

including structure and dynamics of the deep interior, motions in the fluid outer core and the origin and

maintenance of the main magnetic field, convective motions in the solid mantle and surface plate

tectonics, rotational dynamics of the Earth and space geodynamics, global positioning systems (GPS),

geographical information systems (GIS), atmospheric motions and composition, numerical modelling of

atmospheric dynamics and convection, radar sounding of the atmosphere, and remote sensing of the Earth

and planets from satellites.

The Earth, Atmospheric and Space Sciences are applied sciences and as such areas of practical

applications as well as theoretical systems. In Earth Science, land-based and spaceborne measurements as

well as management of urban infrastructure require extensive use of geomatics technologies, such as GPS,

GIS, geodesy, remote sensing, and photogrammetry.

In Atmospheric Science, an important application is weather prediction. In Canada, weather is

undoubtedly one of the most influential factors in our daily social and economic activities and is a major

concern in travel safety. Increasingly, human impact on natural systems such as the ozone layer, sea

levels and rain forests pose environmental hazards whose assessment depends on our understanding of the

composition, chemistry and dynamics of the Earth, and its atmosphere, ionosphere and magnetosphere.

Climate change on regional as well as global scales are major areas of applications as well as wind power.

York graduates have been a major staffing source for weather prediction services with the Meteorological

Services of Canada of the Federal Government, the Weather Network, CBC, and in private industry. They

have also gone to graduate research in the frontier science, so important to our understanding of the

environmental hazards.

6

UNDERGRADUATE ADMISSIONS

Grade 12U English or its equivalent is required for all programs. In addition, the Department of Earth

and Space Science and Engineering has the following requirements: Advanced Functions (MHF4U);

Calculus and Vectors (MCV4U); Chemistry (SCH4U); Physics (SPH4U).

CERTIFICATE IN METEOROLOGY

The Department offers a Certificate of Meteorology (both as an integral part of undergraduate degrees in

Atmospheric Science and as a one year course of study) that is recognized by the Meteorological Service

of Canada (formerly known as the Atmospheric Environment Service) as satisfying one of their entrance

requirements as a meteorologist.

CERTIFICATE IN GEOGRAPHIC INFORMATION

SYSTEMS (GIS) AND REMOTE SENSING

The Department offers a Certificate in Geographic Information Systems (GIS) and Remote Sensing.

GRADUATE STUDY AND RESEARCH

Faculty members in the Department of Earth and Space Science and Engineering at York have major

research programs and graduate students working with them. Most of our graduate students are registered

for MSc and PhD degrees in York’s graduate program in Earth and Space Science. Some of our graduate

students also enroll in the graduate programs of the Department of Physics and Astronomy or the

Department of Chemistry.

Faculty members in the Department of Earth and Space Science and engineering maintain research

collaborative links, often through computer networks, with scientists at other institutes in Canada and

around the globe. These include: Institut de Physique du Globe in Strasbourg, France; Observatoire

Royale de Belgique in Brussels, Belgium; Institut fur Angewandte Geodasie in Frankfurt, Germany;

Lunar and Planetary Laboratory in Tucson, Arizona; Institut d’Astrophysique in Paris; the Meteorological

Institute of the University of Stockholm; the Finnish Meteorological Institute, and the National Center for

Atmospheric Research in Boulder, Colorado. Many of our faculty members are considered authorities in

their field and are frequently asked to give papers at the international meetings, to organize international

symposia and to advise agencies outside Canada such as NASA.

COMPLAINTS PROCEDURES

If you have concerns or complaints about the course material, assignments, teaching assistants (TAs) or

other matters, the easiest and most appropriate first step is to raise them with the course instructor.

Occasionally students are uncomfortable about this (for instance they feel that they may be discriminated

against if they complain) or this procedure fails to reach an acceptable conclusion. In this case, you are

encouraged to discuss the matter with the Departmental Chair. This procedure has worked well in recent

years and you are encouraged to use it when necessary.

7

SENATE POLICY ON ACADEMIC DISHONESTY

Conduct that violates the ethical or legal standards of the University community or of one’s program or

specialization may result in serious consequences. The Policy on Academic Honesty is a reaffirmation

and clarification for members of the University of the general obligation to maintain the highest standards

of academic honesty. It outlines the general responsibility of faculty to foster acceptable standards of

academic conduct and of the students to be mindful of and abide by such standards. For further

information

See: http://calendars.registrar.yorku.ca/2014-2015/policies /honesty/index.htm

GRADING

The Lassonde School of Engineering uses the following mapping between letter grades and percentages:

Letter

Grade

Grade-Point

Value

Grade-Point

Average Range

Percentage Range

A+ 9 8.5+ 90-100

A 8 7.5-8.4 80-89

B+ 7 6.5-7.4 75-79

B 6 5.5-6.4 70-74

C+ 5 4.5-5.4 65-69

C 4 3.5-4.4 60-64

D+ 3 2.5-3.4 55-59

D 2 1.5-2.4 50-54

E 1 0.1-1.4 40-49

F 0 0 0-39

PRIZES, AWARDS AND SCHOLARSHIPS

Each year prizes, awards and scholarships, are given to recognize the academic achievements of excellent

undergraduate students. Awards are for first year, second year and senior (third and fourth year) students

for each stream (Earth, Atmospheric and Space Science). The top award for the best student in the

Atmospheric stream is the B.W. Boville Prize in Atmospheric Science.

Demand for graduates in Geomatics Engineering have prompted local associations and companies to offer

eight scholarships to attract and encourage students to this area. Seven Geomatics Engineering

Scholarships funded by the Association of Ontario Land Surveyors (AOLS), are awarded to students

entering the university, and in third and fourth years of the program. One of the third year recipients is

also selected for The Hubert J. Reinthaler Scholarship, sponsored by AOLS. In addition, the J.D. Barnes

Geomatics Engineering Scholarship is available to an outstanding third year student.

http://calendars.registrar.yorku.ca/2014-2015/policies%20/honesty/index.htm

8

CLUBS

The York Atmospheric Science Club is intended as a way for students in the Department of

Earth and Space Science and Engineering and those in related departments to get to know each other and

to learn about some of the applications of atmospheric studies in the real world. In order to let interested

students see what meteorologists do, and what the future may hold for those who study it, the club

organizes tours of various weather related locations including both the Environment Canada Weather

Centre in Toronto, and The Weather Network in Mississauga.

[email protected] // www.yorku.ca/yasc/home/

The Engineering Society at York is the student government that officially represents the

interests of all engineering students to the faculty, university and beyond. The Society, also known as

EngSoc, provides services, events and countless extracurricular opportunities to approximately 200

engineering students. Every engineering undergrad is a member and everyone is welcome to participate!

The EngSoc is for the Engineering Students at York University, run by the Engineering Students at York

University and ultimately accountable to the Engineering Students at York University. The society aims

to develop ‘soft skills” while bringing awareness for sustainable environment and finally produce

engineers ready for the global community. The society is here to represent a positive image of Student

Engineers both here and abroad, and this should be the driving force and motivation for all Engineering

Students.

[email protected] // www.engsocyu.com

Engineers without Borders is a national, non-profit, non-government organization who promotes

human development through access to technology. They contribute knowledge, financial resources,

volunteer time, skills and a collective voice to help communities around the world gain access to

appropriate technologies which help the ameliorate their lives. There are chapters at every engineering

university across Canada, as well as several in the UK and USA. It is important to note that the title

“Engineers without Borders” does not imply an exclusive organization. Membership is encouraged from

all disciplines and walks of life. Please feel free to contact; Engineers without borders (York University

Chapter, Canada)

[email protected] // www.yorku.ewb.ca


http://www.yorku.ca/yasc/home/


http://www.engsocyu.com/


http://www.yorku.ewb.ca/

9

The York University Robotics Society (YURS) empowers students to learn about robotics,

develop software, hardware and mechanics, and compete in local and international robotic competitions.

Founded in 2007 as the York University Rover Team (YURT) and restructured as YURS in 2013, the

organization has sent teams to NASA’s Lunabotic Mining Competition at the Kennedy Space Center in

Florida, The Mars Society’s University Rover Challenge (URC) in Utah, and the Centre of Surgical

Invention & Innovation (CSII) in Ontario. YURS has won URC twice, CSII in 2012, and has been top 10

performer at Lunabotics.

Whether you just want to learn more about robotics or compete internationally, YURS has a spot for you.

General members have the opportunity to participate in Hackshops, where our experienced members lead

instructional sessions on different robotic skills. For those itching for a bigger challenge, members are

encouraged to form teams, ask for funding, and join the YURS tradition by competing in robotic

competitions. If you like programming, working with your hands, designing or fabricating, then YURS

has a place for you.

https://yorku.collegiatelink.net/organization/RoverTeam

The Geomatics Club’s main objective is to create a home for all Geomatics, Environmental,

Surveying and GIS students to gather and connect with each other. This club will provide

information about the Geomatics, hands on projects, job opportunities and a solid network within

the field of Geomatics. It is a great way to make friends at York University within our field of

interest! [email protected] // https://yorku.collegiatelink.net/organization/geomaticsclub

The Student Ombuds Service (SOS) is a peer-advising service designed to help York students, especially those in Bethune College, find any information they need. The SOS is staffed with knowledgeable upper-year students and serves as a referral network and a resource center. SOS members can answer any questions about York University policies and procedures, give general academic help, and give advice about University life. SOS resources include departmental mini calendars, graduate and professional school information, a tutor registry, and a study group registry. In addition, various information seminars are held related to graduate programs, research and volunteer opportunities (both on and off campus), professional schools and career opportunities with BSc degree. We encourage you to drop by the SOS office at 208 Bethune College between 10:00 a.m. and 4:00 p.m. Monday to Friday. No appointment is necessary. You can also find us on the web at http://www.yorku.ca/sos or email us at [email protected]. The SOS is here for you, so don’t hesitate to contact us if we can help.

https://yorku.collegiatelink.net/organization/RoverTeam


http://www.yorku.ca/sos


10

JOB OPPORTUNITIES

Atmospheric Science: Employment prospects for graduates at B.Sc. and Certificate in Meteorology

levels are good. The Meterological Service of Canada has recruited many of our graduates who work as

forecasters in their weather offices across the country. In Toronto (Oakville), the Weather Network

(Pelmorex) operate their own forecast office and have hired a number of our graduates as forecasters.

York graduates have also been hired by CBC Newsworld, and some have given regular on-air weather

presentations. With continuing concern for the environment and climate in Canada, research jobs at the

Meteorological Service of Canada and elsewhere regularly come available, though often requiring MSc or

PhD qualifications. Private sector consulting companies and provincial governments ( e.g. Ontario

Ministry of Environment) regularly hire our atmospheric scientists. After completing a first degree, about

1/3 of our graduates opt to proceed to research degrees (MSc or PHD), either at York or other universities

abroad.

The background students gain in analytical work and computing in Atmospheric Science gives them

desirable skills in many other scientific, computing, data processsing and business areas.

Space Engineering: Our activities in space are supported by a large global industry that generates

more than $120 billion in revenues annually. Canadian industry is responsible for roughly 1% of the

global market and is growing rapidly. More than 5,000 people are employed in Canada’s space industry

with comparable numbers also employed in the government and academic sectors. Well trained and

qualified personnel are highly sought after by all sectors and there are many oppurtunities to work at

home or abroad. More than 40 nations are now developing space programs and the commerical market for

space products and services is expanding rapidly. It is anticipated that with increasing access to space, the

industry will continue to grow over the next decade fuelling a further shortage of qualified personnel to

fill positions within the space industry and other related high technlogy fields.

Geomatics Science and Engineering is currently a very rapidly expanding high technology

sector. Geomatics Science and Engineering facilitates the economic growth, well-being and safety of the

citizens of the country. Positions for employment in Geomatics Science and Engineering are widely

advertised and the future is especially promising . Our graduate studies are currently finding employment

in the companies doing geomatics or geophysical work. Job opportunities for graduates exist within

various industries including the federal, provincial and municpal government agencies. Those graduates,

who chose to pursue graduate studies and specialize in certain areas of geomatics, joined either our

graduare program or other programs around the country. All these job placements have strong

characteristics of diversity and multi-diciplinary elements and contribute to all socioeconomic activites of

the country.

Geomatics Engineers work in areas such as mapping, land and engineering surveying, cadastral surveying

and systems, location-based services and web-mapping, navigation, remote sensing and earth observation,

mobile mapping, natural resource management, geographical information systems (GIS), geology, energy

and mining, argriculture, hydrography, urban planning and public utilities, transportation, environmental

and pollution management, coastal zone management, health and medical epidemiology, business geo-

marketing and commerce, disaster and emergency management, defence, products and system

development, research and development.

Graduates of the Geomatics Engineering program are qualified for registration as Professional Engineers

and they may also be certified by the Association of Ontario Land Surveyors (ALOS) as Ontario Land

Surveyors (OLS) and as Ontario Land Information Professionals (OLIP).

11

OVERVIEW OF REQUIREMENTS

BACHELOR OF SCIENCE

To graduate in a BSc program students must have an overall total of 90 credits, including at least 66

credits from Science courses and at least 18 credits at the 3000 or higher level.

The Senate of York University will require a minimum of overal grade-point average of 4.0 in order to be

eligible to graduate with BSc degree (Bachelor Program).

SPECIALIZED HONOURS BACHELOR OF SCIENCE

To declare Honours requires successful completion of at least 24 credits with a minimum cumulative

credit weighted grade-point average of 5.0 over all courses completed, subject to the expectations in notes

below.

To proceed in each year of an honours program requires a minimum cumulative credit weighted grade

point average of 5.0 over all courses completed subject to the exceptions in the notes below.

To graduate in an honours program requires succesful completion of all faculty requirements and

departmental required courses and a minimum cumulative credit-weighted grade point average of 5.0 over

all courses completed, subject to expceptions noted below.

SPECIALIZED HONOURS BACHELOR OF

ENGINEERING

To proceed in each year of the BEng (Hons.) program requires a minimum cumulative credit-weighted

grade point average of 5.0 over all courses completed.

To graduate in the BEng (Hons.) program requires successful completion of all Faculty requirements and

stream required courses and a minimum cumulative credit-weighted grade point average of 5.0 over all

the courses completed.

12

Please check the 2014 York University Calendar

http://calendars.registrar.yorku.ca/2014-2015/index.php

for information on program degree requirements

including

(General Education)

Non-Science Courses for Science Majors

and

Complementary Studies for Engineering Majors

13

HONOURS DOUBLE MAJOR PROGRAM

Students may combine the Earth Science Honours Core or the Atmospheric Science Honours Core with required

courses from other departments to complete an Honours Double Major program. All candidates for honours double

major degrees should note that courses of study must be approved by both departments.

Early Planning of courses is strongly advised, prior to entry to 2000 level courses.

Double Major Possibilities

ESSE Major Science Major

Earth and Atmospheric Science

For these possibilities an overall GPA of 5.0 is required and the

stream must be specified- Earth (ES) or Atmospheric (AS), etc.

NOTE: Closure of Honours DoubleMajor BSc Program in

Atmospheric Chemistry and ESSE. Effective September 2009,

admission of new students to this program was closed. Students

previously registered in this program who have been away for

less than four consecutive sessions and who reactivate before

Fall/Winter 2012-2013 Session will be grandparented until

convocation exercises in 2016. October 2016 will be the final

convocation for grandparented students.

Applied Mathematics

Biology

Chemistry

Computer Science

Geography

Kinesiology

Math

Physics (Physics Stream)

Physics (Astronomy Stream)

Psychology

Statistics

(AP) Double Major (ESSE Major) ESSE Major AP Major


A GPA of 5.0 is required and a stream must be

specified – Atmospheric (AS); Earth (ES)

Anthropology

Classical Studies

Classics

East Asian Studies

Economics

English

French Studies

German

Greek

History

Humanities

Italian

Latin

Linguistics

Philosophy

Political Science

Religious Studies

Russian

Science & Society

Sociology

Spanish

Women’s Studies

14

HONOURS MAJOR/MINOR PROGRAM

The Department of Earth and Space Science and Engineering offers major/minor possibilities. Degree checklists for

these programs are available from the Student Services Centre in 1012 Lassonde Bldg.

Major/Minor Possibilities (ESSE Major)

ESSE Major Science Minor


For these possibilities a GPA of 5.0 is

required and the stream must be specified –

Earth (ES); Atmospheric (AS).

Applied Mathematics

Biology

Chemistry

Computer Science

Kinesiology

Mathematics



Psychology

Statistics

(AP) Double Major (ESSE Major) ESSE Major AP Major


A GPA of 5.0 is required and a stream

must be specified – Atmospheric (AS);

Earth (ES)

Anthropology

Classical Studies

Classics

East Asian Studies

Economics

English

French Studies

German

Greek

History

Humanities

Italian

Latin

Linguistics

Philosophy

Political Science

Religious Studies

Russian

Science & Society

Sociology

Spanish

Women’s Studies

ESSE/Environmental Studies (ES) Major/Minor

ESSE Major Environmental Studies Minor


A GPA of 5.0 is required and a stream must

be specified – Atmospheric (AS); Earth (ES)

Environmental Studies

15

ESSE/ Fine Arts (FA) Major/Minor

ESSE Major Fine Arts Minor


A GPA of 5.0 is required and a stream must

be specified – Atmospheric (AS); Earth (ES)

Dance

Film and Video

Cultural Studies

Music

Theatre (Prod)

Theatre (T. Studies)

Visual Arts (Art History)

Visual Arts (Studio)

Major/ Minor (ESSE Major) The following courses are required for those students taking a minor in Earth & Atmospheric Science

LE/ESSE 1010 3.0 The Dynamic Earth and Space Geodesy

LE/ESSE 1011 3.0 Introduction to Atmospheric Science

LE/ESSE 2010 3.0 Introductory Meteorology

LE/ESSE 2030 3.0 Geophysics and Space Science

LE/ESSE 2470 3.0 Introduction to Continuum Mechanics

LE/ESSE 3020 3.0 Global Geophysics and Geodesy

LE/ESSE 3030 3.0 Atmospheric Radiation and Thermodynamics

LE/ESSE 3040 3.0 Atmospheric Dynamics I

LE/ESSE 3300 3.0 GIS and Spatial Analysis

Plus one of the following courses:

LE/ESSE 2610 3.0 Geomatics and Space Engineering

LE/ESSE 4160 3.0 Climate and Climate Change

LE/ESSE 4220 3.0 Remote Sensing of the Earth’s Surface

LE/ESSE 4230 3.0 Remote Sensing of the Atmosphere

Total Credits: 30 Note: some of the following courses are required as prerequisites for some of the course listed above

LE/EECS 1540 3.0 Computer Use for Natural Sciences

SC/MATH 1013 3.0 Applied Calculus I

SC/MATH 1014 3.0 Applied Calculus II

SC/MATH 1025 3.0 Applied Linear Algebra

SC/MATH 2015 3.0 Applied Multivariate and Vector Calculus

SC/MATH 2271 3.0 Differential Equations for Scientist and Engineers

SCMATH 2560 3.0 or SC/GEOG 2420

3.0

Elementary Statistics I/ Intro to Stats Analysis in

Geography.

SC/PHYS 1010 6.0 Physics

SC/PHYS 2010 3.0 Classical Mechanics

SC/PHYS 2020 3.0 Electricity and Magnetism

16

Major/Minor Possibilities (ESSE Minor)

Science Major ESSE Minor

Applied Math Earth and Atmospheric Science

No stream required

For these possibilities an overall GPA of 5.0 is required.

Biology

Chemistry

Computer Science

Kinesiology

Math



Psychology

Statistics

17

DEGREE REQUIREMENTS:

For Incoming Students

Fall 2014

18

BACHELOR OF SCIENCE

EARTH AND ATMOSPHERIC SCIENCE

First Year: LE/ESSE 1010 3.0 or

LE/ESSE 1012 3.0

The Dynamics Earth and

Space Geodesy or Earth

Environment

LE/ESSE 1011 3.0 Introduction to

Atmospheric Science

SC/CHEM 1000 3.0 Chemical Structure

SC/CHEM 1001 3.0 Chemical Dynamics

LE/EECS 1541 3.0

or LE/EECS 1011 3.0

Computing for the

Physical Sciences or

Computational Thinking

Through Mechatronics


SC/MATH 1014. 3.0 Applied Calculus II


SC/PHYS 1010 6.0

or both SC/PHYS 1800 3.0 &

SC/PHYS 1801 3.0

Physics or both

Engineering Mechanics &

Electricity, Magnetism &

Optics for Engineers

Total Credits: 30

Second Year: LE/EECS 2501 1.0 Fortran and Scientific

Computing

LE/ESSE 2010 3.0 (A) or

LE/ESSE 2050 4.0 (E)

Introductory

Meteorology

or Mineralogy and

Petrology

LE/ESSE 2030 3.0 Geophysics and Space

Science

LE/ESSE 2470 3.0 or LE/CIVL 2210 3.0

Introduction to

Continuum Mechanics or

Fluid Mechanics

SC/MATH 2015 3.0

Applied Multivariate

and Vector Calculus

SC/MATH 2271 3.0 Differential Equations

for Scientist and

Engineers

SC/MATH 2560 3.0 or

SC/GEOG 2420 3.0

Elementary Statistics or

Introductory Statistical

Analysis in Geography

SC/PHYS 2020 3.0 Electricity and

Magnetism

9 Non- Science Credits

Total Credits: 31 (A) or 32 (E)

Third Year: LE/ESSE 3600 3.0 GIS and Spatial Analysis

9 credits from:

LE/ESSE 3020 3.0 Global Geophysics and

Geodesy

LE/ESSE 3030 3.0 Atmospheric Radiation

and Thermodynamics


LE/ESSE 3180 3.0 Seismology

SC/MATH 3241 3.0 Numerical Methods

9 additional credits from ESSE courses at 3000

level or higher

3 Non-Science Credits

Additional elective credits as required for an

overall total of least 90 credits

Total Credits: 30

Total Credits Required: 90

Note: Minimum overall GPA of 4.0 is

required to graduate with a BSc.

Note: Any course substitutions must be petitioned

and approved by the Department of Earth and

Space Science and Engineering.

Note: (A) – For those wishing to emphasize

Atmospheric Science.

(E) – For those wishing to emphasize Earth

Science

19

SPECIALIZED HONOURS BSc

ATMOSPHERIC SCIENCE

First Year SC/CHEM 1000 3.0

or

SC/CHEM 1001 3.0

Chemical Structure

or

Chemical Dynamics

LE/EECS 1541 3.0 or

LE/ECCS 1011 3.0

Introduction to

Computing for the

Physical Sciences or

Computational Thinking

through Mechatronics

LE/ESSE 1010 3.0 or

LE/ESSE 1012 3.0

The Dynamic Earth and

Space Geodesy or

Earth Environment


Atmospheric Science




SC/PHYS 1010 6.0

or both

SC/PHYS 1800 3.0 & SC/PHYS 1801 3.0

Physics

or both

Engineering Mechanics

& Electricity, Magnetism

& Optics for Engineers


Total credits: 30

Second Year LE/EECS 2501 1.0 Fortran and Scientific

Computing

LE/ESSE 2010 3.0 Introductory

Meteorology


Science

LE/ESSE 2470 3.0

or

LE/CIVL 2210 3.0

Introduction to Continuum

Mechanics or Fluid

Mechanics

SC/MATH 2015 3.0 Applied Multivariate and

Vector Calculus

SC/MATH 2271 3.0 Differential Equations for

Scientists and Engineers

SC/MATH 2560 3.0

or

SC/GEOG 2420 3.0

Elementary Statistics I or




3 Science Credits from:

SC/CHEM 2011 3.0 Introduction to

Thermodynamics

SC/CHEM 2030 3.0 Basic Inorganic Chemistry

LE/ENG 2003 3.0 Effective Communication

for Engineers

SC/MATH 2022 3.0 Linear Algebra II

SC/MATH 2222 3.0 Linear Algebra with

Applications II

SC/PHYS 2211 1.0 Experimental

Electromagnetism


Total Credits: 31

Third Year LE/ESSE 3020 3.0 Global Geophysics and

Geodesy

LE/ESSE 3280 3.0 Physics of the Space

Environment

LE/ESSE 3600 3.0 Geographical Information

Systems and Spatial

Analysis


and Thermodynamics


SC/MATH 3241 3.0 Numerical Methods I

*9 Credits from the Elective List below


Total Credits: 30

Fourth Year LE/ESSE 4050 3.0 Synoptic Meteorology I

LE/ESSE 4051 3.0 Synoptic Meteorology II

LE/ESSE 4120 3.0 Cloud Physics and Radar

Meteorology

LE/ESSE 4130 3.0 Atmospheric Dynamics II

LE/ESSE 4140 3.0 Numerical Weather

Prediction

LE/ESSE 4160 3.0 Climate and Climate

Change

LE/ESSE 4230 3.0 Remote Sensing of the

Atmosphere

*6 Credits from the Elective List Below

3 Additional credits for an overall total of 120.

Total Credits: 30

20

*Elective List: 15 credits (at least 3 credits from ESSE

Courses) from:


Atmospheric Chemistry

LE/ESSE 4000 3.0 Research Project


LE/ESSE 4020 3.0 Time Series and Spectral

Analysis


Earth's Surface

LE/ESSE 4240 3.0 Storms and Weather

Systems

LE/ESSE 4400 3.0 Geographical

Information Systems

(GIS) and Data

Integration

SC/GEOG 2400 6.0 The Hydrosphere

SC/GEOG 4205 3.0 Climatology of High

Latitudes

SC/GEOG 4210 3.0 Hydrometeorology

SC/GEOG 4215 3.0 Ecological Climatology

SC/GEOG 4310 3.0 Dynamics of Snow and

Ice

SC/GEOG 4400 3.0 Physical Hydrology and

Water Resources

SC/MATH 3410 3.0 Complex Variables

SC/MATH 3271 3.0 Partial Differential

Equations


SC/PHYS 2060 3.0 Optics and Spectra

SC/PHYS 3050 3.0 Electronics I

SC/PHYS 4120 3.0 Gas and Fluid Dynamics

Elective Credits: 3 additional elective credits, as

required, for an overall total of 120 credits.

Note: Upper Level Requirement is a minimum of

42 credits at the 3000 level or above

Note: Minimum overall GPA of 5.0 required

to graduate in a BSc Honours program.

Total Credits Required: 120 credits

21


EARTH SCIENCE

First Year SC/CHEM 1000 3.0 Chemical Structure


LE/EECS 1540 3.0 Computer Use for the

Natural Sciences

LE/ESSE 1010 3.0 The Dynamic Earth and

Space Geodesy


Atmospheric Science





Total credits: 30


Computing


Meteorology


Science

LE/ESSE 2470 3.0 or

LE/CIVL 2210 3.0

Introduction to


Fluid Mechanics

LE/ESSE 2610 2.0 Geomatics and Space

Engineering

LE/ESSE 2620 3.0 Fundamentals of

Surveying

LE/ESSE 2630 3.0 Field Surveys


Vector Calculus


Scientist and Engineers

SC/MATH 2560 3.0

or SC/GEOG 2420

3.0





Magnetism

Total Credits: 30


Geodesy


Environment


Systems and Spatial

Analysis

LE/ESSE 3610 3.0 Geodetic Concepts

LE/ESSE 3620 3.0 Adjustment Calculus

LE/ESSE 3650 3.0 Photogrammetry



Total Credits: 30

Fourth Year LE/ESSE 4020 3.0 Time Series and Spectral

Analysis


Earth’s Surface


Atmosphere


Systems (GIS) and Data

Integration

LE/ESSE 4610 3.0 Global Positioning

Systems

A Minimum 6 Credits from Electives List (for

total of at least 42 credits from ESSE courses.)


6 Additional elective credits as required for an

overall of 120 credits

Total Credits: 30

22

Elective List

LE/ESSE 3630 3.0 Analysis of

Overdetermined Systems

LE/ESSE 3640 3.0 Geodetic Surveys

LE/ESSE 3660 3.0 Advanced Field Surveys



LE/ESSE 4620 3.0 Physical and Space

Geodesy

LE/ESSE 4630 3.0 Image Processing for

Remote Sensing and

Photogrammetry

LE/ESSE 4640 3.0 Digital Terrain Modeling

LE/ESSE 4650 3.0 Hydrography

LE/ESSE 4660 3.0 Cadastral Surveys and

Land Registration

Systems

SC/MATH 3242 3.0 Numerical Methods II


Equations


SC/PHYS 3020 3.0 Electromagnetics I


SC/PHYS 3150 3.0 Electronics II

Note: Upper level requirement - minimum

of 42 credits at the 3000 level or above

Note: Minimum overall GPA of 5.0 required

to graduate in a BSc Honours program

Elective Credits: Additional elective credits, as

required, for an overall total of 120 credits.


23


SPACE SCIENCE

First Year LE/EECS 1020 3.0 Intro to Computer Science I

SC/CHEM 1000 3.0

or

SC/CHEM 1001 3.0

Chemical Structure or

Chemical Dynamics


Space Geodesy

LE/ESSE 1011 3.0 Intro to Atmospheric

Science





SC/PHYS 1070 3.0 Astronomy

Total: 30 credits


Computing


Science

LE/ESSE 2407 3.0 Introduction to Continuum

Mechanics


Vector Calculus





SC/PHYS 2030 3.0 Computational Methods for

Physicists and Engineers

SC/PHYS 2040 3.0 Relativity and Modern

Physics


SC/PHYS 2213 3.0 Experimental Physics with

Data Analysis

Total: 31 credits

Third Year LE/ESSE 3030 3.0 Atmospheric Radiation and

Thermodynamics



Environment


Systems and Spatial

Analysis




Equations


Total: 30 Credits

Fourth Year LE/ESSE 4020 3.0 or

SC/PHYS 4250 3.0

Time Series and Spectral

Analysis or Signal and

Communications Theory


Earth’s Atmosphere


Atmosphere


Remote Sensing and

Photogrammetry

SC/PHYS 4361 3.0 Space Mission Design

At least 12 credits from the following:




Prediction


Change

LE/ESSE 4610 3.0 Global Positioning Systems

SC/PHYS 4110 3.0 Dynamics of Space

Vehicles

SC/PHYS 4330 3.0 Radio Science Techniques

for Space Exploration

SC/ESSE 4360 3.0 Payload Design


Total: 30 credits

Note: Upper level requirement - minimum of


Note: Minimum overall GPA of 5.0 required to

graduate in a BSc Honours program


24

HONOURS BSc DOUBLE MAJOR

ATMOSPHERIC SCIENCE MAJOR

First Year LE/EECS 1540 3.0 Computer Use for Natural

Sciences

LE/ESSE 1011 3.0 Intro to Atmospheric

Science





3 Non Science Credits

Total Credits: 24


Computing

LE/ESSE 2010 3.0 Introductory Meteorology


Science

LE/ESSE 2470 3.0

or

LE/CIVL 2210 3.0

Introduction to Continuum

Mechanics or Fluid

Mechanics


Vector Calculus





Total Credits: 22

Third Year LE/ESSE 3030 3.0 Atmospheric Radiation and

Thermodynamics

LE/ESSE 3040 3.0 Atmospheric Dynamics



Total Credits: 12

Fourth Year LE/ESSE 4050 3.0 Synoptic Meteorology I



Meteorology



Prediction


Atmosphere


Total Credits: 21

The course requirements for the second major

or the minor.

Note: Upper level requirement - a minimum of


Additional Elective Credits

as Required for an Overall Total of 120 credits

Note: Minimum overall GPA of 5.0 required to

graduate in a BSc Honours program.


25

HONOURS BSc DOUBLE MAJOR

EARTH SCIENCE MAJOR

First Year LE/EECS 1540 3.0 Computer Use for

Natural Sciences


Space Geodesy






Total Credits: 27


Computing


Science

LE/ESSE 2470 3.0 or

LE/CIVL 2210 3.0

Introduction to


Fluid Mechanics


Vector Calculus



SC/MATH 2560 3.0

or SC/GEOG 2420

3.0





Magnetism


Total Credits: 25


Geodesy


Systems and Spatial

Analysis




Additional Non Science and Elective Credits

Total Credits: 30


Analysis


Earth’s Surface


Systems

3 additional ESSE credits at the 4000 level

Total Credits: 30

The course requirements for the second major

or the minor.

Note: Upper Level Requirement - a minimum of


Additional Elective Credits as Required for an

Overall Total of 120 credits

Note: Minimum overall GPA of 5.0

required to graduate in a BSc Honours

program


26

BACHELOR OF ENGINEERING

GEOMATICS ENGINEERING

First Year SC/CHEM 1100 4.0 Chemistry and Materials

Science for Engineers

LE/EECS 1011 3.0 Computational Thinking


LE/EECS 1021 3.0 Object Oriented

Programming from

Sensors to Actuators

LE/ENG 1101 4.0 Renaissance Engineering

1: Ethics, Communication

and Problem Solving


2: Engineering Design

Principles

LE/ESSE 1012 3.0 The Earth Environment




SC/PHYS 1800 3.0 Engineering Mechanics

SC/PHYS 1801 3.0 Electricity, Magnetism

and Optics for Engineers

Total Credits: 36

Second Year LE/CIVL 2150 3.0 Civil Engineering

Graphic Design & CAD

LE/EECS 2031 3.0 Software Tools

LE/ENG 2001 3.0 Engineering Projects:

Management, Economics

& Safety

LE/ENG 2003 3.0 Effective Communication

for Engineers

ES/ENVS 2150 3.0 Environment,

Technology and

Sustainable Society


Science


Geomatics Engineering


Surveying



Vector Calculus



SC/MATH 2930 3.0 Introduction to

Probability and Statistics


Magnetism

Total Credits: 39

Third Year LE/ENG 3000 3.0 Professional Engineering

Practice


Geodesy


Systems (GIS) and

Spatial Analysis









Analysis


Complementary Studies 9 credits

Total Credits: 42

27

Fourth Year LE/ENG 4000 6.0 Engineering Project


Earth's Surface


Systems (GIS) and Data

Integration


Systems

LE/ESSE 4620 3.0 Physical and Space

Geodesy


Remote Sensing and

Photogrammetry

LE/ESSE 4640 3.0 Digital Terrain Modeling


Two of (6 credits):

LE/ESSE 4660 3.0 Cadastral Surveys and

Land Registration

Systems

LE/CIVL 4033 3.0 (New Course)

LE/ESSE 4680 3.0 Geomatics Multi-Sensor

Systems

LE/ESSE 4690 3.0 Advanced 3D Geospatial

Techniques

Two of (6 credits):

LE/ESSE 4615 3.0 (New Course)


LE/ESSE 4670 3.0 Survey Law

LE/ESSE 4695 3.0 (New Course)

Total Credits: 39


required to graduate in a BEng program.

-A Co-op or internship option is highly

recommended for all engineering students,

but is not a degree requirement.


28


SPACE ENGINEERING

First Year SC/CHEM 1100 4.0 Chemistry and Materials

Science for Engineers

LE/EECS 1011 3.0 Computational Thinking


LE/EECS 1021 3.0 Object Oriented

Programming from

Sensors to Actuators


1: Ethics, Communication

and Problem Solving


2: Engineering Design

Principles

LE/ESSE 1012 3.0 The Earth Environment




SC/PHYS 1800 3.0 Engineering Mechanics

SC/PHYS 1801 3.0 Electricity, Magnetism

and Optics for Engineers

Total Credits: 36

Second Year LE/EECS 2031 3.0 Software Tools

LE/EECS 2501 1.0 Fortran and Scientific

Computing

LE/ENG 2001 3.0 Engineering Projects:

Management, Economics

& Safety

LE/ESSE 2401 3.0 Engineering Graphics &

CAD Modelling


Science

LE/ESSE 2360 3.0 Fundamentals of Space

Engineering

LE/ESSE 2361 3.0 Space Systems

Engineering


Continuum Mechanics


Vector Calculus



SC/MATH 2930 3.0 Introduction to

Probability and Statistics


Magnetism


Total Credits: 37

Third Year ES/ENVS 2150 3.0 Environment,

Technology and

Sustainable Society

SC/PHYS 2030 3.0 Computational Methods

for Physicists and

Engineers

LE/ENG 3000 3.0 Professional Engineering

Practice



SC/PHYS 3250 3.0 Introduction to Space

Communications


Environment

LE/ENG 3330 3.0 Materials for Space

Applications

LE/ESSE 3340 3.0 Mechanisms

LE/ESSE 3360 3.0 Heat Transfer and

Thermal Design


SC/PHYS 4110 3.0 Dynamics of Space

Vehicles


Total Credits:39

29

Fourth Year LE/ENG 4000 6.0 Engineering Project


Analysis

LE/ESSE 4350 6.0 Space Hardware

LE/ESSE 4360 3.0 Payload Design

LE/ESSE 4361 3.0 Space Mission Design

LE/ESSE 4370 3.0 Finite Element Methods

in Engineering Design

LE/ENG 4550 3.0 Control Systems


Two of (6 credits):

LE/EECS 4421 3.0 Introduction to Robotics


Geodesy


Earth's Surface


Atmosphere


Systems

LE/ENG 3320 3.0 Microsystems

Technology

LE/ENG 4330 3.0 Radio Science and

Techniques for Space

Exploration

SC/PHYS 3070 3.0 Planets and Planetary

Systems


Total Credits: 39


required to graduate in a BEng program.

-A Co-op or internship option is highly

recommended for all engineering students,

but is not a degree requirement.


30

DEGREE REQUIREMENTS:

For Students Enrolled

Prior to Fall 2014

31

BACHELOR OF SCIENCE

EARTH AND ATMOSPHERIC SCIENCE

First Year: LE/ESSE 1010 3.0 The Dynamics Earth and

Space Geodesy


Atmospherics Science



LE/EECS 1540 3.0 Computer Use for Natural

Sciences





Total Credits: 30

Second Year: LE/ESSE 2010 3.0 Introductory Meteorology


Science


Mechanics


Vector Calculus



SC/MATH 2560 3.0 or

SC/GEOG2420 3.0






Electromagnetism


Total Credits: 28 or 29


9 credits from:


Geodesy


and Thermodynamics



At least 9 additional credits from 3000 or 4000

levels ESSE.


4 or 5 additional credits as required for an overall

total of least 90 credits

Total Credits: 31 or 32

Note: Any course substitutions must be

approved in writing by the Department of earth

and Space Science and Engineering.


32


ATMOSPHERIC SCIENCE STREAM


Space Geodesy


Atmospheric Science




Sciences






Total Credits: 30


(to emphasize

Atmospheric Science )


Science


Continuum Mechanics


Vector Calculus



SC/MATH 2560 3.0 or

SC/GEOG2420 3.0





Magnetism


Electromagnetism

6 Non- Science Credits Plus at least 3 additional Science credits from below or

other SC courses approved by the Department of Earth

and Space Science and Engineering:

SC/CHEM 2011 3.0 Intro to Thermodynamics

SC/CHEM 2030 3.0 Inorganic Chemistry

SC/MATH 2222 3.0 Linear Algebra with

Applications II

Total Credits: 31


LE/PHYS 3280 3.0 Physics of the Space

Environment


Geodesy


and Thermodynamics



9 credits (including 3 LE/ESSE credits) from the

electives list below:


Total Credits: 30

Fourth Year: LE/ESSE 4050 3.0 Synoptic Meteorology I



Meteorology



Prediction


Change


Atmosphere At least 6 to 9 additional credits from the following

electives list (including at least 3 LE/ESSE credits)

Total Credits: 30

Electives List


Atmospheric Chemistry



LE/ESSE 4020 3.0 Time Series and

Spectral Analysis


Earth’s Surface

LE/ESSE 4240 3.0 Storms and Weather

Systems

LE/ESSE 4400 3.0 Geographical Info

Systems (GIS) & Data

Integration

33

SC/GEOG 2400 3.0 The Hydrosphere SC/GEOG 4205 3.0 Climatology of High

Latitudes


SC/GEOG 4215 3.0 Ecological Climate

SC/GEOG 4310 3.0 Dynamics of Snow and

Ice



Equations

SC/MATH 4141 3.0 Advanced Numerical

Methods

SC/MATH 4142 3.0*

Numerical Solutions to

Partial

Differential Equations


SC/PHYS 3050 3.0 Electronic I

*Course not offered. Contact the department for

possible substitute course.

Note: Courses must be approved by the Department

Of Earth and Space Science and Engineering.


34


EARTH SCIENCE STREAM


Space Geodesy


Atmospheric Science




Sciences





Total Credits:30



Science


Mechanics


Vector Calculus





Electromagnetism


Engineering


Surveying


One of:

SC/MATH 2560 3.0 Elementary Statistics I

SC/GEOG 2420 3.0 Introductory Statistical


Total Credits: 30

Third Year: LE/ESSE 3020 3.0 Global Geophysics and

Geodesy


Environment




At least 3 additional credits from electives list

given below


LE/ESSE 3620 3.0 Adjustments Calculus


Total Credits: 30


Analysis


Earth’s Surface


Atmosphere

LE/ESSE 4400 3.0 GIS and Data Integration



At least 6 additional credits from the following

electives list.

Total Credits: 27

Electives List:

LE/ESSE 3630 3.0 Analysis of Overdetermined

Systems

LE/ESSE 3640 3.0 Geodetics Surveys


LE/ESSE 4000 3.0/6.0 Research Project


LE/ESSE 4620 3.0 Physical and Space Geodesy

LE/ESSE 4630 3.0 Geomatics Image Processing

LE/ESSE 4640 3.0 Digital Terrain Modelling


LE/ESSE 4660 3.0 Cadastral Surveys and Land

Registration


SC/MATH 3271 3.0 Partial Differential Equations


SC/PHYS 3020 3.0 Electromagnetics I




35


SPACE SCIENCE

A Specialized Honours Degree stream in Space Science is offered as a part of the Earth and Atmospheric science program which focuses on the observation of the earth and atmosphere from space. After completion of the two year foundational curriculum, space science students may choose to pursue interests in the Department of Physics and Astronomy who offer a specialized Honours stream in the Space Science with courses only in the third and fourth year.

First year: LE/EECS 1020 3.0 Introduction to Computer

Science


Space Geodesy

LE/ESSE 1011 3.0 Introduction to Atmospheric

Science





SC/PHYS 1070 3.0 Astronomy

One of:



Total Credits: 30

*Alternatively, the First Year Engineering Core

would be an acceptable substitute.

Second Year LE/EECS 2501 1.0 Fortran for Scientists and

Engineers


Science


Mechanics


Vector Calculus






Physicists & Engineers

SC/PHYS 2040 3.0 Special Relativity and

Modern Physics


SC/PHYS 2213 3.0 Experimental Physics with

Data

Total Credits: 31

Third Year: LE/ESSE 3030 3.0 Atmospheric Radiation and

Thermodynamics



Environment




SC/MATH 3271 3.0 Partial Differential Equations

SC/PHYS 4361 3.0 Space Mission Design


Total Credits: 30

Forth Year: LE/ESSE 4220 3.0 Remote Sensing of the

Earth’s Surface


Atmosphere

LE/ESSE 4630 3.0 Geomatics Image Processing

One of:


Analysis

SC/PHYS 4250 3.0 Signal Communication

Theory

12 credits from:




prediction

LE/ESSE 4160 3.0 Climate and Climate Change


SC/PHYS 4110 3.0 Dynamics of Space Vehicles

SC/PHYS 4330 3.0 Radio Science Techniques for

Space Exploration

SC/ESSE 4360 3.0 Payload Design


Total Credits: 30

Total Required Credits: 122

36


GEOMATICS ENGINEERING

First year: LE/ENG 1000 6.0 Introduction to Engineering

Design

LE/ENG 1001 1.0 Technical writing for

Engineers


LE/EESC 1020 3.0 Introduction to Computer

Science I

LE/EECS 1030 3.0 Introduction to Computer

Science II


Space Geodesy



SC/MATH 1019 3.0 Discrete Mathematics for

Computer Science



Total Credits: 37

Second year: LE/ENG 2001 3.0 Engineering Projects:

Management, Economics &

Safety

LE/ENG 2002 3.0 Mechanical and Materials

Engineering


Science


Mechanics


Engineering

LE/ESSE 2620 3.0 Fundamentals of Surveying

LE/EECS 2011 3.0 Fundamentals of Data

Structures


LE/EECS 2501 1.0 Fortran for Scientists and

Engineers


Vector Calculus




*3 Non-Science Credits

Total Credits: 36

Summer 2/3 LE/ESSE 2630 3.0 Field Surveys (two-week

field school)

Total Credits: 3

Third Year: LE/ENG 3000 3.0 Professional Engineering

Practice


Geodesy








SC/MATH 2565 3.0 Introduction to Applied

Statistics


*3 Non- Science Credits

Total Credits: 38

Summer 3/4 LE/ESSE 3660 3.0 Advanced Field Surveys

Total Credits: 3

Note: Between third and fourth year, an

optional, non-credit, 4-16 month internship

program where students will gain professional

experience is available. Students are required

to enroll in ENG 3900 0.0 (Engineering

Internship Term) in each term of their

internship. During the work placement

students earn a salary typical of entry level

positions.

Academic Eligibility Requirements:

1. Successful completion of 9 core

Engineering course credits at the 3000

level within the two terms prior to

enrolment, including ENG 3000

2. Maintain a GPA of 5.0 or better in overall

course completed

3. Have 18 credits remaining to complete

their Honours degree upon enrolment in

the internship program

37

Fourth Year: LE/ENG 4000 6.0 Engineering Project


Analysis

LE/ESSE 4220 3.0 Remote Sensing of Earth’s

Surface


Systems and Data Integration


LE/ESSE 4620 3.0 Physical and Space Geodesy

LE/ESSE 4630 3.0 Digital Imaging Applications


(Fall Term – One of the following):

LE/ESSE 4660 3.0 Cadastral Surveys and Land

Registration

LE/ESSE 4680 3.0 Geomatics Multi- Sensor

Systems

(Winter Term – One of the following):


LE/ESSE 4670 3.0 Survey Law

LE/ESSE 4690 3.0 Advanced 3D Geospatial

Techniques


Total Credits: 39

*Non-Science Courses All Engineering students must complete a minimum

of 15 non-science credits from two different areas of

study outside the Faculty. Of these 15 credits, 3 must

be obtained through ENVS 2150 3.0 (Environment,

Technology and Sustainable Society). Non-Science

credits may be taken at any level, but students are

strongly encourages to take their initial Non- Science

Courses at 1000 or 2000 level.


38


SPACE ENGINEERING

First year: LE/ENG 1000 6.0 Introduction to Engineering

Design

LE/ENG 1001 1.0 Technical Writing for

Engineers



Science I


Science II


Space Geodesy



SC/MATH 1019 3.0 Discrete Mathematics for

Computer Science



Total Credits: 37

Second year: LE/ENG 2001 3.0 Engineering Projects:

Management, Economics &

Safety

LE/ENG 2002 3.0 Mechanical and Materials

Engineering


Science


Mechanics


Engineering

LE/ESSE 2620 4.0 Fundamentals of Surveying

LE/EECS 2011 3.0 Fundamentals of Data

Structures


LE/EECS 2501 1.0 Fortran for Scientists and

Engineers


Vector Calculus





Total Credits: 37

Third Year: LE/ENG 3000 3.0 Professional Engineering

Practice


LE/ENG 3330 3.0 Materials for Space

Applications

LE/ENG 3340 3.0 Mechanisms

LE/ENG 3360 3.0 Heat Transfer and thermal

Design


Environment


Physicists and Engineers

SC/PHYS 3250 3.0 Introduction to Space

Communications



SC/PHYS 4110 3.0 Dynamics of Space Vehicles

*3 Non- Science Credits

Total Credits: 37

Note: Between third and fourth year, an

optional, non-credit, 4-16 month internship

program where students will gain professional

experience is available. Students are required

to enroll in ENG 3900 0.0 (Engineering

Internship Term) in each term of their

internship. During the work placement

students earn a salary typical of entry level

positions.

Academic Eligibility Requirements:

1. Successful completion of 9 core

Engineering course credits at the 3000

level within the two terms prior to

enrolment, including ENG 3000

2. Maintain a GPA of 5.0 or better in overall

course completed

3. Have 18 credits remaining to complete

their Honours degree upon enrolment in

the internship program

39

Fourth Year: LE/ESSE 4020 3.0 Time Series and Spectral

Analysis

LE/ENG 4361 3.0 Space Mission Design

LE/ENG 4370 3.0 Finite Element Methods in

Engineering Design

LE/ENG 4550 3.0 Control Systems

LE/ENG 4000 3.0 Engineering Project

LE/ENG 4350 3.0 Space Hardware

LE/ESSE 4360 3.0 Payload Design

6 credits from following:

LE/ENG 3320 3.0 Microsystem Technology

LE/ENG 4330 3.0 Radio Science and

Techniques for Space

Exploration

LE/CSE 4421 3.0 Introduction to Robotics


Geodesy


Earth’s Surface


Atmosphere


SC/PHYS 3070 3.0 Planets and Planetary

Systems



Total Credits: 39

*Non-Science Courses All Engineering students must complete a minimum

of 15 non-science credits from two different areas of

study outside the Faculty. Of these 15 credits, 3 must

be obtained through ENVS 2150 3.0 (Environment,

Technology and Sustainable Society). Non-Science

credits may be taken at any level, but students are

strongly encourages to take their initial Non- Science

Courses at 1000 or 2000 level.


40

CERTIFICATE PROGRAM IN METEROLOGY

Rationale A background in mathematics, physics and chemistry is required to understand the complex and varied

processes that occur in the Earth’s atmosphere. These phenomena extend down to the molecular scale,

where one considers the interaction of photons with a variety of molecules in the processes that lead to

heating of the atmosphere, and extend upward in scale to the global propagation of weather systems that

produce the precipitation necessary to sustain life on the planet.

The idea behind the Certificate in Meteorology Program is to provide specialist education in atmospheric

phenomena to those students who have the basic background in physical science, thereby preparing them

for careers in atmospheric science. It is now widely recognized in government and industry that the

appropriate place for this type of education is the university environment. Such students can find a variety

of careers in government, environmental consulting firms and industry.

Entrance Requirements Students entering the certificate program from other universities will normally have completed 54 credits

in areas of physical science and mathematics acceptable in content and level to the Department of Earth

and Space Science and Engineering. Required undergraduate courses include: first year Differential and

Integral Calculus, first year Linear Algebra, first year Physics, second year Vector Calculus and

Differential Equations. Students without this background may be asked to complete these courses in a

qualify program before being admitted to the Certificate of Meteorology. Second year Physics (Electricity

and Magnetism) and a course in Statistics are also recommended as appropriate preparatory courses.

Students enrolled in Earth and Atmospheric Science (ESSE) at York University may receive the

certificate while concurrently completing their BSc provided they complete the program requirements

outlined below.

Minimum Standards In order to receive a certificate the student must achieve a cumulative grade point average of a high C

(Grade Point Average of 4) or better in the certificate program.

Program Requirements The program of study will consist of 30 credits as follows:

18 required credits: LE/ESSE 3030 3.0 Atmospheric Radiation and

Thermodynamics


LE/ESSE 4050 3.0 Synoptic Meteorology I



Meteorology

LE/ESSE 4140 3.0 Numerical Weather Prediction

12 credits chosen from:

LE/ESSE 3130 3.0 Intro Atmospheric Chemistry

LE/ESSE 3280 3.0 Physic of the Space Environment

LE/ESSE 4020 3.0 Time Series and Spectral Analysis LE/ESSE 4130 3.0 Atmospheric Dynamics II LE/ESSE 4160 3.0 Climate and Climate Change

LE/ESSE 4220 3.0 Remote Sensing of the Earth’s

Surface


LE/ESSE 4240 3.0 Storms and Weather Systems

SC/GEOG 4205 3.0 Climatology of High Latitudes


SC/GEOG 4310 3.0 Dynamics of Snow and Ice

SC/MATH 4141 3.0 Advanced Numerical Methods

SC/MATH 4142

3.0*

Numerical Solutions to Partial

Differential Equations

*Course not offered. Contact the department for a possible

substitute course.

Other limited options may be available to meet special

student or departmental needs.

NOTE: a programming course (LE/EECS 1540 3.0-

Computer Use for the Natural Sciences) will be required

in addition to the above for students with no background

in FORTRAN

41

CERTIFICATE PROGRAM IN

GEOGRAPHIC INFORMATION SYSTEMS (GIS)

AND REMOTE SENSING

The Certificate Program in Geographic Information Systems (GIS) and Remote Sensing is offered jointly

by the Department of Earth and Space Science and Engineering (Lassonde School of Engineering);

Department of Geography (Faculty of LA&PS); and the Faculty of Environmental Studies. It is open to

both degree and special students.

Rationale

To provide undergraduate students with applied skills in the areas of geographical information systems

(GIS) and remote sensing and image processing.

Eligibility

To be eligible for the Certificate in Geographic Information Systems (GIS) and Remote Sensing, students

must achieve a cumulative grade point average (GPA) of 6.0 in the 24 credits required for the certificate

and achieve and maintain and maintain a minimum cumulative grade point average (GPA) of 5.0 in all

courses.

Program Requirements

Earth and Atmospheric Science Students must successfully complete the following 24 credits.

Required Credits: LE/EECS 2031 3.0 Software Tools

LE/ESSE 2110 3.0 Fundamentals of Geomatics Engineering

SC/MATH 2930 3.0 Probability and Statistics for Engineers


LE/ESSE 4630 3.0 Image Processing for Remote Sensing and Photogrammetry

LE/ESSE 4220 3.0 Remote Sensing of the Earth’s Surface

LE/ESSE 4400 3.0 GIS and Data Integration

Plus 3 additional credits from the following list as approved by the Department of Earth and

Space Science and Engineering.



LE/ESSE 4690 3.0 Mobile GIS and Location – Based Services

Notes: Students who have exempted from the 1000-level requirements may substitutes 6 additional

credits which must be approved by the Department of Earth and Space Science and Engineering and

which must be chosen from the list noted above.

*Courses may be substituted with SC/MATH 2560 3.0; or with permission from the Chair SC/MATH

1131 3.0.

42

COURSE DESCRIPTIONS

THE DYNAMIC EARTH AND SPACE GEODESY (LE/ESSE 1010 3.0) The Dynamic Earth and Space Geodesy. An overview of modern geophysics and space-based technology:

origin of the earth, earth’s internal structure, plate tectonics and applications, earthquakes, space geodetic

positioning techniques such as VLBI, GPS and LIDAR are introduced. Other fields of Geomatics (e.g.

GIS Remote Sensing) are also introduced and discussed in detail.

Prerequisites: 12U Calculus and vectors or 12U Advanced Functions and Introductory Calculus (pre

2007 version) or equivalent, or SC/MATH 1515 3.0; 12U physics or SC/PHYS 1510 4.0.

Course credit exclusions: LE/SC/ 1010 6.0, SC/NATS 1750 6.0.

Format: Three lectures hours per week. Five three hour laboratory sessions. Lecture and laboratory

schedule will be handed out at the beginning of the session. One term. Three credits.

Text: Physical Geology- Earth Revealed (4th Edition), D. McGeary, C. Plummer, D. Carlson (McGraw-

Hill)

Content:

The solar system and beyond.

Plate Tectonics, measuring plate motions.

Origin of the Earth

Space Geodesy and Geomatics- VLBI-GPS-GIS

Earthquakes, Seismology

Remote Sensing

Earth’s layered structure and rheology

Laboratories:

Planet Earth

Minerals

Plate Tectonics

Geomatics

Seismology

43

INTRODUCTION TO ATMOSPHERIC SCIENCE (LE/ESSE 1011 3.0) The origin, composition and vertical structure of the Earth's atmosphere and those of other planets. The

present global atmospheric circulation. Weather systems, measurements and weather maps; atmospheric

chemistry; the ozone layer and atmospheric pollution.

Prerequisites: 12U Calculus and vectors or 12U Advanced Functions and Introductory Calculus (pre

2007 version) or equivalent; SC/MATH 1515 3.0; 12U physics or SC/PHYS 1510 4.0

Course credit exclusions: LE/SC/EATS 1010 6.0, SC/NATS 1750 6.0.

Format: Three lecture hours per week. Five 3 hour laboratory sessions. Lecture and laboratory schedule

will be handed out at the beginning of the session. One term. Three Credits.

Text: Ahrens, Jackson and Jackson, First Canadian Edition of Meteorology Today (Nelson 2012)

Content:

Composition of the atmosphere.

Density and pressure.

Temperature and humidity.

Energy, heat, radiation.

Water in the atmosphere (condensation).

Stability and vertical motion

Clouds and precipitation.

General circulation, winds.

Air masses.

Thunderstorms, tornadoes, hurricanes.

Air Quality.

Laboratories:

Pressure, temperature and humidity.

Composition and vertical structure.

Solar flux and albedo.

Clouds, radar and satellite images.

Synoptic winds.

44

THE EARTH ENVIRONMENT (LE/ESSE 1012 3.00)

This course provides essential topics in Earth environment (earth and oceanic science, atmospheric

science, and geology) and explores the role played by global and local scale processes in shaping our

planet. Concepts are described; the latest technology discussed, and links between engineering disciplines

are provided. The course lectures are complemented by hands-on laboratory and field experience.

Prerequisites: 12U calculus and vectors or 12U advanced functions and introductory calculus (pre 2007

version) or equivalent, or SC/MATH 1515 3.00; 12U physics or SC/PHYS 1510 4.00.

Corequisites: LE/ENG 1101 4.0; LE/ENG 1102 4.0; SC/PHYS 1800 3.0, SC/PHYS 1801 3.0.

Format: Three lecture hours per week. Corresponding laboratory hours. Three credits.

Text: TBA

Evaluation: TBA

Content: TBA

45

NATURAL, TECHNOLOGICAL AND HUMAN INDUCED DISASTERS

(LE/ESSE 1410 6.0)

*NOTE: This course is not permitted for science credit by students that are ESSE program majors.

The overall objective of this course is to examine the science of natural, technological and human induced

disasters. An understanding of the scientific basis of catastrophic events is important in identifying and

assessing risks and essential to developing better mitigation, preparedness response and recovery

measures.

Course Credit Exclusion: SC/LE/EATS 1410 6.0.

Format: Three lecture hours per week and one hour of tutorial/lab per week.

Suggested Bibliography:

Charles H.V. Ebert, Disasters: An Analysis of Natural and Human Induced Hazards, (4th Edition),

Kendall/Hunt

Robert M. Rauber, John E. Walsh, Donna J. Charlevoix, Serve and Hazardous Weather (1st Edition),

Kendall/Hunt

P.L. Abbot, (2004), Natural Disasters, (4th Edition), McGraw Hill Publishing

Evaluation: Homework exercises: 40%; Mid-term test: 30%; Final exam: 30%

Content: Each session will focus on the science behind these events and address causes, predictability,

monitoring techniques, and the potential of mitigating the impact of the events on environment and

society. Case studies of selected disasters are integral to the course.

Content:

Term 1:

1. Introduction to the atmospheric system

2. Weather principles, air pollution, air

contamination

3. Supercell storms

4. Tornadoes

5. Hailstorms

6. Microburst

7. Hurricanes

8. Floods

9. Drought and extreme heat

10. Ice storms, snow storms, and blizzards

11. Nuclear winter

12. Wildfires

Term 2:

1. Introduction to the earth system

2. Plate tectonic theory

3. Earthquake basics, seismic waves, and

magnitude

4. Volcanoes

5. Mass movements and landslides

6. Tsunamis

7. Asteroids

And topics related to technological and other

risks, from among:

8. Oil spills, soil and water contamination

9. Cyber space worm/viruses, program

failure

10. Power blackouts

11. Nuclear accidents and meltdowns

12. Introduction to epidemics and biological

threats: SATS, Asian flu, anthrax

46

INTRODUCTORY METEOROLOGY (LE/ESSE 2010 3.0)

An introduction to atmospheric radiation and thermodynamics, clouds and precipitation. Vertical

soundings and an introduction to the analysis and interpretation of tephigrams. Atmospheric motion on

the global, synoptic, meso- and micro-scales.

Prerequisites: LE/EECS 1540 3.0 or LE/CSE 1540 3.0; SC/MATH 1013 3.0 and SC/MATH 1014 3.0, or

equivalents; SC/PHYS 1010 6.0 or SC/PHYS 1410 6.0. SC/MATH 2015 3.0 is very highly

recommended.

Course Credit Exclusions: SC/LE/EATS 2010 3.0.

Format: Three lectures hours/two lecture hours plus three laboratory hours alternate weeks.

Texts: Atmospheric Science: An Introductory Survey, J.M Wallance, P.V. Hobbs (Academic Press, 1977)

References: Meteorology Today For Scientists and Engineers, R.B. Stull (West Publishing);

An Introduction to Atmospheric Physics, D.G. Andrews (Cambridge University Press 2000)

Content:

General Introduction: Topics include vertical structure, geostrophy, global circulation, solar and

terrestrial radiation, sensible and latent heat, and energy budget.

Atmospheric Thermodynamics and Hydrostatic Balance: Topics include static stability.

Atmospheric Dynamics: Topics include synoptic scales, geostrophic approximation, and

atmospheric waves.

Weather maps: Topics include surface and 500mb charts, extratropical, synoptic-scale disturbances

and front and frontal zones.

NOTE: Some of the lecture material will be dealt with in greater detail in laboratory sessions. There are five

laboratory sessions of which three are computing exercises that will require use of FORTRAN programming.

GEOPHYSICS AND SPACE SCIENCE (LE/ESSE 2030 3.0)

Earth’s structure and rheology, plate tectonics on a sphere, seismic body and surface waves, earthquake

fault plane solutions, geochronology, rock magnetism, paleomagnetism, Earth’s magnetic field, its origin

and deformation by solar winds, gravitational perturbations of satellite orbits.

Prerequisites: SC/MATH 1013 3.0, SC/MATH 1014 3.0; SC/PHYS 1010 6.0, or a minimum grade of C

in SC/PHYS 1410 6.0.

Course Credit Exclusion: SC/LE/EATS 2030 3.0.

Format: Three lectures hours and one hour computer/laboratory, one term, three credits.

Reference: The Solid Earth: An Introduction to Global Geophysics, C.M.R. Fowler (Cambridge

University Press 1990)

47

INTRODUCTION TO CONTINUUM MECHANICS (LE/ESSE 2470 3.0)

Introductory Cartesian tensor algebra and calculus. Stress and strain analysis. Symmetry of stress tensor,

equilibrium conditions. Physical interpretation of stress, strain and strain rate tensors. Conservation laws

in continua. Consistency and compatibility considerations. Constitutive relations. Navier-Cauchy

equation of elasticity. Navier-Stokes equation for fluids. Applications.

Prerequisites: LE/EECS 1540 3.0 or LE/CSE 1540 3.0; SC/MATH 1025 3.0; SC/MATH 2015 3.0;

SC/PHYS 1010 6.0, or a minimum grade of C in SC/PHYS 1410 6.0.

Course Credit Exclusion: LE/SC/EATS 2470 3.0.

Format: Three lecture hours/ two lecture hours plus one laboratory session every other week. One term.

Three credits.

Text: Temple, G., Cartesian Tensors, an Introduction, (Dover).

References:

Introduction to Continuum Mechanics, W.M Lai, D. Rubin, E. Krempl, 3rd ed., (Butterworth

Hermann).

A First Course in Mechanics, Y.C. Fung, Prentice Hall (3rd Edition, 1994).

Method of Mathematical Physics, H. Jeffreys and B.S. Jeffreys, Cambridge University Press

(Chapters 2 and 3) (3rd Edition, 1972).

Continuum Mechanics, D.S Chandrasekharaiah and Lokenath Debnath, Academic Press (1994).

Mechanics in the Earth and Environmental Sciences, G.V. Middleton and P.R. Wilcock, CUP

(1994).

Content:

Elements of Vector Algebra and Vector Calculus.

Cartesian tensors and coordinate transformations.

Stress tensor.

Strain tensor.

Stress-strain relations.

Stretching and bending elastic solids.

Equations of motion, solid, fluids.

The continuity equation.

Waves in elastic solids, seismic waves.

Applications in viscous fluid flows.

Application in the atmosphere.

Note: Some laboratories will require the use of computer programming

48

GEOMATICS AND SPACE ENGINEERING (LE/ESSE 2610 2.0)

Introduction to Geodesy and Geomatics Engineering; geodesy, surveying hydrography, space geodesy

and geodynamics, photogrammetry, remote sensing and GIS. Introduction of Space Mission Analysis and

Design (SMAD); mission geometry, elements of Astrodynamics, orbits, orbit perturbations, orbit design,

maneuvers, space environment, payload and spacecraft subsystems, launch and space mission operations,

space mission engineering.

Prerequisites: LE/ESSE 1010 3.0 or LE/SC/EATS 1010 3.0; SC/PHYS 1010 6.0; or permission of the

course instructor.

Course Credit Exclusion: SC/LE/EATS 2610 2.0 or LE/ENG 2110 2.0.

Format: One and one-half lecture hours per week, one and one-half laboratory hours per week. One term.

Texts:

1. Anderson, M.J. and Mikhail, E.M. (1998). Surveying Theory and Practice. McGraw-Hill, (7th

Edition). REQUIRED

2. Wertz, J.R. and Larson, W.J. (eds.), (1999). Space Mission Analysis and Design. Microcosm and

Kluwer, (3rd Edition). REQUIRED.

Suggested Bibliography: 1. Fortescue, P. and Stark, J. (eds.), (1995).

Spacecraft Systems Engineering, John Wiley,

Sussex, England (2nd Edition).

2. Kavanagh, B.F., (2003). Geomatics. Prentice

Hall, New Jersey.

3. Kavanagh, B.F., (2003).Surveying Principles

and Applications. Prentice Hall, New Jersey (6th

Editions).

4. Sidi, M.J., (1997). Spacecraft Dynamics &

Control. A Practical Engineering Approach.

Cambridge University press, New York.

5. Torge, W., (2001), Geodesy. Walter deGruyter.

Berlin (3rd Edition).

6. Vanicek P. and Krakiwsky, E. (1986). Geodesy;

The Concepts. North Holland, Amsterdam (2nd

Edition)

7. Wertz, J.R. and Larson, W.J. (eds.), (1996).

Reducing Space Mission Cost. Microcosm and

Kluwer.

8. Wolf, P.R. and Ghilani, C.D. (2002). Elementary

Surveying. An Introduction to Geomatics.

Prentice Hall, New Jersey (10th Edition).

9. Wolf, P. and Dewitt, B.A. (2000), Elements of

Photogrammetry, with Applications in GIS,

McGraw-Hill, Boston (3rd Edition).

10. Konecny, G. (2002), Geoinformation: Remote

Sensing, Photogrammetry and Geographical

Information Systems, CRC Press (1st Edition).

Evaluation: Assignments 20%; Group Project 20%; Mid-Term Test 20%; Final Exam 40%

Content: Geodesy: definition. Geodesy: tasks and problems. Geodesy and other disciplines. Geodetic

coordinate systems, Orbital Coordinate System. Gravity field of the earth: Geoid. Temporal Variations of

the Earth. Space geodesy. Surveying: definitions. Measuring angles and distances. Levelling. Elementary

survey calculations. Observables, observations, parameters and math models. Error theory. Over

determined problems. Mean, variance, covariance, and correlation. The covariance matrix and covariance

law. The least-squares principle. Map projections mapping, maps, and measurements. Map distortions.

Contours. Mao features. Reading a map and measuring areas with planimeter. Remote sensing.

Photogrammetry: Basic concepts; geometry; scale of an image; orientation of overlapping photographs;

measurement of parallax and the determination of heights; stereoscopic view. Geographic Information

Systems. Space Engineering: Space Mission engineering process; space mission geometry; celestial

sphere; celestial coordinate system; inertial reference frame; eclipse geometry; elements of

astrodynamics; Keplerian orbit; orbit perturbations; orbit and constellation design; payloads.

49

FUNDAMENTAL OF SURVEYING (LE/ESSE 2620 3.0)

Coordinate systems, conventions and transformations. First and second geodetic problems: trig sections,

traverses, eccentricities, areas. Distance measurements, angular measurements, heights. Horizontal,

vertical and 3-D control networks. Topographic mapping and property surveys. Route surveying.

Introduction to other surveys: alignment, deformation surveys for buildings, bridges, dams, tunnels, and

pipelines.

Prerequisites: LE/ESSE 1010 3.0 or SC/LE/EATS 1010 3.0; SC/MATH 1014 3.0 and SC/MATH 1025

3.0 or SC/MATH 1018 & SC/MATH 1020; LE/SC/EATS 2610 2.0 or LE/SC/ENG 2110 2.0; LE/ESSE

2610 2.0 or LE/ENG2110 2.0; or permission of the course instructor.

Course Credit Exclusion: LE/SC/EATS 2620 4.0, LE/SC/ENG 2120 4.0.

Format: Two lecture hours per week and three laboratory hours per week. One term. Three credits.

Text: Anderson, J.M., and E.M. Mikhail, E.M. (1998). Surveying Theory and Practice. McGraw-Hill, (7th

Edition).


1. Giesecke, F.E., Mitchell, A., Spencer, H.C., Hill, I.L., Dygdon, J.T. and Novak, J.E. (2000).

Technical Drawing. Prentice hall, N. Jersey, (11th Ed.)

2. Kavanagh, B.F., (2003). Geomatics. Prentice Hall, New Jersey.

3. Kavanagh, B.F., (2003). Surveying Principles and Applications. Prentice Hall, New Jersey (6th

Editions)

4. Torge, W., (2001), Geodesy. Walter deGruyter. Berlin (3rd Edition).

5. Vanicek P. and Krakiwsky, E. (1986). Geodesy; The Concepts. North Holland, Amsterdam (2nd

Edition)

6. Wolf, P.R. and Ghilani, C.D. (2002). Elementary Surveying. An Introduction to Geomatics. Prentice

Hall, New Jersey (10th Edition).

Content:

Coordinate systems, conventions and transformations. First and second geodetic problems: Trig sections,

traverses, eccentricities, areas. Distance measurements: tapes, optical methods, EDM, procedures/errors.

Angular measurements: Theodolites, total stations, measurement procedures/errors. Heights: geodetic,

trigonometric and barometric leveling procedures, accuracies/errors. Topographic mapping and property

surveys. Route Surveying: route location, horizontal and vertical curves, sight distance, slope staking,

earth work computations, mass diagram. Introduction to other surveys: alignment, deformation surveys

for buildings, bridges, dams, tunnels, and pipelines.

50

FIELD SURVEYS (LE/ESSE 2630 3.0)

A two-week field camp comprising field and office work that stimulate professional practice. Students

participate in design and logistical aspects of field operations, instrument use and testing, establishment of

geodetic control, and land boundary, topographic mapping highway and construction surveys.

Prerequisite: LE/ESSE 2620 3.0 or LE/SC/EATS 2620 3.0 or LE/SC/ENG 2120 3.0.

Course Credit Exclusion: LE/SC/EATS 2630 or LE/SC/ENG 2130 3.0.

Format: Two – week field surveys. No lectures. Summer term. Three Credits.

Text: Same as LE/ESSE 2620 3.0

Course Materials Fee: Approximately $150.00

Evaluation: Field work 30%; Office work 45%; Individual Work 25%

Content:

Designing surveys and scheduling of survey operations.

Survey instrument selection and testing.

Establishment of geodetic control.

Land, boundary and construction survey measurements.

Topographic mapping.

Survey data collection, processing and analysis.

Topographic map drawing and technical support writing.

51

GLOBAL GEOPHYSICS AND GEODESY (LE/ESSE 3020 3.0)

Studies of isostatic equilibrium and glacial rebound; seismic tomography and spherical harmonic

representation of gravity and the geoid; Earth rotation and geodesy; geothermal heat flow.

Prerequisites: LE/ESSE 2030 3.0 or LE/SC/EATS 2030 3.0; LE/ESSE 2470 3.0 or LE/SC/EATS 2470

3.0 or SC/PHYS 2010 3.0; SC/MATH 2015 3.0; SC/MATH 2271 3.0; SC/PHYS 2020 3.0.

Course Credit Exclusion: LE/SC/EATS 3020.

Format: Three lecture hours. One term. Three credits.

Text: 1. Fowler, C.M.R., (2005), The Solid Earth: An Introduction to Global Geophysics, Cambridge

University Press, 2nd edition. ISBN-13: 978- 0521893077.

2. Stacey, F.D. and P.M Davis, (2008), Physics of the Earth, Cambridge University Press, 4th edition.

ISBN-13: 978-0521873628.

Reference:

Physics of the Earth, (3rd Edition), F.D. Stacey.

Geodynamics: Applications of Continuum Physics to Geological Problems (2nd Edition), D.L.

Turcotte and G. Schubert, 2002.

Content:

Earth structure overview.

Isostasy and glacial rebound.

Seismic tomography overview.

Fourier series expansions – 1D and 2D.

Laplace’s equation in spherical coordinates.

Spherical harmonics.

Gravitational potential and reference geoid.

Gravity anomalies and geoid height.

Earth rotation, precession, nutation and wobble, free core nutation.

Moments of inertia.

Geothermal heat flow.

Geomagnetism.

52

ATMOSPHERIC RADIATION AND THERMODYNAMICS

(LE/ESSE 3030 3.0) (Cross-listed with SC/PHYS 3080 3.0)

This course is concerned with atmospheric thermodynamics, hydrostatic equilibrium and atmospheric

radiation, viewed against the background of the global energy budget.

Prerequisites: SC/MATH 2015 3.0; SC/MATH 2271 3.0; SC/PHYS 1010 6.0, or a minimum grade of C

in SC/PHYS 1410 6.0 or SC/PHYS 1420 6.0.



Reference:

Atmospheric Science; An Introductory Survey, 2nd Ed., J.M. Walles, P.V. Hobbs (Academic Press,

2006).

Atmospheric Thermodynamics, 2nd Ed., A.A. Tsonis (Cambridge 2007).

A First Course in Atmospheric Radiation, 2nd Ed., G.W. Petty (Sundog, 2006).

Content:

A global view of atmospheric behavior, composition and energy budget.

Thermodynamics of gases.

· The first law.

· The second law and its implications.

· Transformation of moist air.

Atmospheric radiation

· Atmospheric spectroscopy.

· Solar and terrestrial radiation.

· Atmospheric Heating – solar and terrestrial.

· Radiative Equilibrium.

· Radioactive Convective Equilibrium.

53

ATMOSPHERIC DYNAMICS I (LE/ESSE 3040 3.0)

Dynamics of large-scale weather systems. Development of the equations of motion, geostrophy, thermal

wind, vorticity and divergence, Ekman layers and the quasi-geostrophic theory.


3.0 or SC/PHYS 2010 3.0; SC/MATH 2015 3.0; SC/MATH 2271 3.0.


Format: Three lecture hours. One hour tutorial (alternate weeks). One term. Three credits.

Text: An Introduction to Dynamic Meteorology (5th Edition), J.R. Holton and G.J.Hakim (Academic

Press 2013).

Further References:

Synoptic Dynamic Meteorology in Midlatitudes, Vol. I, H.B. Bluestein (Oxford, 1993).

Atmosphere-Ocean Dynamics, Adrian Gill (Academic Press, 1982).

Content:

Fundamental forces.

Rotating frame of reference.

Conservation laws: mass, momentum and thermodynamic energy.

Scale analysis.

Pressure coordinates: balanced flow.

Trajectories and streamlines.

Geostrophic and thermal winds.

Vertical motion.

Circulation and vorticity: conservation of potential vorticity.

The planetary boundary layer.

Turbulence.

Extratropical synoptic scale motions.

Quasi-geostrophic analysis.

Idealized model of baroclinic disturbances.

54

INTRODUCTORY ATMOSPHERIC CHEMISTRY (LE/ESSE 3130 3.0) (Cross-listed with SC/CHEM 3060 3.0) An introductory course linking chemistry and atmospheric science. Topics include atmospheric evolution;

biogeochemical cycles; sources, transformations and sinks of atmospheric species; human impacts such as

acid rain, photochemical smog and depletion of the ozone layer.

Prerequisites: Both SC/CHEM 1000 3.0 and SC/CHEM 1001 3.0; one of SC/MATH 1010 3.0,

SC/MATH 1014 3.0, SC/MATH 1310 3.0, SC/MATH 1505 6.0.

Course Credit Exclusions: LE/SC/EATS 3130, SC/CHEM 3160 3.0.


Text: Introduction to Atmospheric Chemistry, Daniel J. Jacob (Princeton University).

Content:

Basic Concepts: Composition and mass of the atmosphere. Hydrostatic equilibrium, uniformity of major

atmospheric constituents. Vertical temperature structure of the atmosphere.

Mass balance, steady state and atmospheric change: Review of chemical kinetics. Mass balance, steady

state, and lifetimes in chemical reactions. Source of Atmospheric components. Sinks of atmospheric

components. Mass balance and simple models. Transport in simple atmospheric models. Atmospheric

mixing.

Biogeochemical Cycles: The carbon cycle. The oxygen cycle. Coupling between the carbon and oxygen

cycles. The nitrogen and sulphur cycles.

Greenhouse effect: Absorption and emission of radiation. Radiative balance of the Earth. Modelling the

greenhouse effect. Climate change and global warming. Atmospheric particles.

Stratospheric chemistry: basics of photochemical processes. Pressure dependence of reaction rates. The

ozone layer and Chapman mechanism. Basics of stratospheric chemistry. Catalytic cycles for ozone

destruction. The Antarctic ozone hole.

Tropospheric chemistry: Sources and reactions of free radicals. Chain oxidation of hydrocarbons;

production of ozone. Comparison of tropospheric and stratospheric ozone chemistry. Chain termination

reactions. Formation of photochemical smog. Ozone control strategies. Acid deposition.

55

PHYSICS OF THE SPACE ENVIRONMENT (LE/ESSE (EATS) 3280 3.0) (Cross-listed with SC/PHYS 3280 3. 0)

An introduction to the physical processes of the upper atmosphere, the ionosphere, the magnetosphere and

the heliosphere, and the interactions that occur with space vehicles that traverse these regions of space.

Prerequisites: SC/PHYS 2020 3.0, SC/MATH 2015 3.0, SC/MATH 2271 3.0. Prior to Fall 2009:

SC/PHYS 2020 3.0, AS/SC/MATH 2015 3.0, AS/SC/MATH 2271 3.0.


Format: One term. Three credits. Three lecture hours per week.

Texts:

1. Introduction to the Space Environment (2nd Edition), Thomas F. Tascione (Krieger, 1994)

2. The Space Environment: Implications for Spacecraft Design (2nd Edition), Alan C. Tribble (Princeton,

2003)

Content:

Atmospheric structure and composition particularly at spacecraft altitudes in the ionosphere,

thermosphere and exosphere.

Essentials of solar physics.

Solar electromagnetic radiation.

Solar wind and its interactions with the terrestrial atmosphere.

Terrestrial magnetism.

Solar-terrestrial phenomena

HEAT TRANSFER AND THERMAL DESIGN (LE/ESSE 3360 3.0) Mechanisms of heat transfer, steady and unsteady heat conduction, numerical analysis, thermal radiation,

free and forced convection, and heat exchanger analysis. A basic knowledge of fluid mechanics is needed

to appreciate/comprehend the convection heat transfer topic.

Prerequisites: SC/MATH 1013 3.0; SC/MATH 1014 3.0; SC/CHEM 1000 3.0; SC/PHYS 1010 6.0;

LE/ENG 2002 3.0.

Format: Three lecture hours a week. One term. Three credits.

Text: Heat and Mass Transfer: Fundamentals & Applications, McGraw-Hill by Y.A. Çengel & A.J.

Ghajar.

Content: Introductions and mechanisms of heat transfer. Steady and unsteady heat conduction.

Numerical and graphical analysis for heat conduction. Free and forced convection. Thermal

radiation

Tentative Evaluation Scheme: Assignments: 15%; Two Quizzes: 28% (14% each); Final: 57%.

56

GEOGRAPHIC INFORMATION SYSTEMS (GIS) AND SPATIAL ANALYSIS

(LE/ESSE 3600 3.0)

Fundamentals of geographic information systems (GIS) and spatial analysis. Functional requirements of

GIS. Geopositioning, map projections, coordinate systems and transformations. Data sources. Modelling

of real world, spatial and attribute data. Vector and raster data models and structures. Data conversion and

integration. Topological relationships and structures. Data processing and spatial analysis. Editing and

data quality. Data management and spatial database structures. Visualization of spatial data. Introduction

to GIS modelling.

Prerequisites: LE/EECS 1540 3.0 or LE/EECS 1030 3.0 or LE/EECS 1520 3.0 or LE/CSE 1540 3.0 or

LE/CSE 1030 3.0 or LE/CSE 1520 3.0; SC/MATH 2560 3.0 or AP/SC/GEOG 2420 3.0 or SC/MATH

1131 3.0; SC/MATH 1025 3.0 or SC/MATH 1013 3.0; both LE/ESSE 1010 3.0 and LE/ESSE 1011 3.0,

or LE/ESSE 2030 3.0 or both LE/SC/EATS 1010 3.0 and LE/SC/EATS 1011 3.0, or LE/SC/EATS 2030

3.0 , or AP/SC/GEOG 1400 6.0, or permission of the instructor.

Course Credit Exclusions: LE/SC/EATS 3300 3.0.

Format: Two lecture hours and three laboratory hours per week. One term. Three credits.

Text: Lo, C.P. and Yeung, A.K.W. (2007). Concepts and Techniques of Geographic Information

Systems, 2nd ed., Pearson Education Canada, Inc., Toronto.

Other References:

1. Aronoff, S. (1991), Geographic Information Systems: A Management Perspective, WDL

Publications, Ottawa

2. Bernhardsen, T. (2002), Geographic Information Systems: An Introduction, John Wiley and Sons,

New York (3rd Edition)

3. Bolstad, P. (2005), GIS Fundamentals, A First Text on Geographic Information Systems, Eider Press,

White Bear Lake, Minnesota (2nd Edition)

4. Chang, K. (2008), Introduction to Geographic Information Systems, McGraw Hill Higher

Education (4th Edition)

5. Chrisman, N. (2002), Exploring Geographic Information Systems, John Wiley and Sons, Toronto

(2nd Edition)

6. Longley, P.A., Goodchild, M.F., Maguire, D.J., Rhind, D.W. (2005), Geographic Information

Systems and Science, John Wiley and Sons, Toronto (2nd Edition)

7. Madden, M. (Editor) (2009), Manual of Geographic Information Systems, American Society for

Photogrammetry and Remote Sensing, Bethesda, Maryland, USA

8. Maguire, D. J., Batty, M., and Goodchild, M. (eds.) (2005) GIS, Spatial Analysis, and Modeling, ESRI

Press, Redlands, California.

Evaluation: Assignments 20%; Group Project 15%; Mid-term 20%; Final Exam 45%.

Content:

Introduction to GIS and Spatial Analysis.

Geopositioning.

Data sources.

Spatial data modeling.

Spatial data structures.

Data processing and spatial analysis.

Data editing and quality.

Spatial databases.

Visualization of spatial data.

Introduction to GIS modelling.

57

GEODETIC CONCEPTS (ESSE 3610 3.0) Geodesy. Point positioning. Spatial reference systems, frames and datums; time systems. Coordinate

system transformations. Relative three dimensional positioning. Positions on the ellipsoid and mapping

plane.

Prerequisites: LE/ESSE 2610 3.0 or LE/SC/EATS 2610 2.0 or LE/ENG 2110 2.0; LE/ESSE 2620 3.0 or

LE/EATS 2620 4.0 or LE/ENG 2120 4.0; SC/MATH 2015 3.0; LE/EECS 2501 1.0 or LE/CSE 2501 1.0.

Corequisite: LE/ESSE 3620 3.0 or LE/SC/EATS 3620 4.0 or LE/ENG 3120 3.0.

Course Credit Exclusion: LE/SC/EATS 3610 4.0 or LE/ENG 3120 3.0.

Format: Three lecture hours and 1 ½ hours of laboratory exercises per week. One Term. Three credits.

Text: Vanicek, P., and Krakiwsky, E. (1986), Geodesy: The Concepts, North Holland, Amsterdam (2nd

Edition)


• Anderson, J.M., and Mikhail, E.M. (1998), Surveying: Theory and Practice, McGraw-Hill,

Boston (7th Edition).

• El-Rabbany, A. (2002). Introduction to GPS, the Global Positioning System. Artech House, Boston.

• Seeber, G., (1993), Satellite Geodesy, Walter de Gruyter, Berlin.

• Torge, W., (2001), Geodesy, Walter deGruyter, Berlin (3rd Edition). RESERVED.

• Vanicek, P., and Krakiwsky, E. (1986), Geodesy: The Concepts. North Holland, Amsterdam (2nd

Edition). RESERVED.

• Wertz, J.R. and Larson, W.J. (eds.) (1999), Space Mission Analysis and Design. Microcosm and

Kluwer, (3rd Edition).

• Wolf, P.R. and Ghilani, C.D. (2002), Elementary Surveying: An Introduction to Geomatics, Prentice

Hall, New Jersey (10th Ed).

Evaluation: Laboratories (5) 35%; Midterm Test 20%; Class Participation 5%; Final Exam 40%

Content:

• Geodesy: definition, tasks and problems.

• Reference coordinate systems and transformations.

• Point positioning concepts.

• Astronomical and satellite positioning.

• Relative positioning concepts.

• Relative positioning on the ellipsoid.

• Conformal mapping.

• Modern reference systems, frames and datums. IERS conventions.

58

ADJUSTMENT CALCULUS (LE/ESSE 3620 3.0) Minima and maxima of functions, Lagrange multipliers. Quadratic forms. Observables, observations,

parameters and mathematical models. The law of error propagation; weight matrix and variance factor.

The least-squares principle, parametric, condition and combined adjustments.

Prerequisites: SC/MATH 1025 3.0; SC/MATH 2015 3.0; LE/ESSE 2620 3.0 or LE/SC/EATS 2620 4.0

or LE/ENG 2120 3.0; LE/EECS 2501 1.0 or LE/CSE 2501 1.0.

Corequisite: LE/ESSE 3610 3.0.


Format: Three lecture hours and 1 and ½ hours of laboratory exercises per week. One term. Three credits

Text: Ghilani, C.D. and Wolf, P.R (2006), Adjustment Computations: Spatial Data Analysis, John Wiley

&Sons, (4th Edition).


• Anderson, J.M. and Mikhail, E.M. (1998), Surveying, Theory Practice, McGraw-Hill, Boston (7th

Edition).

• Chandra, A.M. (2005), Surveying: Problem Solving with Theory and Objective Type Questions, New

Age International Publishers, New Delhi, 2005.

• Mikhail, E.M., (1976), Observations and Leastsquares, Thomas Y. Crowell, New York.

• Mikhail, E.D., and Gracie, G. (1981), Analysis & Adjustment of Survey Measurements, Van Nostrand

Reinhold.

•Vanicek P. and E. Krakiwsky (1986), Geodesy: The Concepts, North Holland, Amsterdam (2nd Edition).

Evaluation: Assignments 40%; Midterm 15%; Participation 5%; Final Exam 40%. You must pass the

final exam to pass the course.

Content:

• Minima, maxima of functions.

• Quadratic forms.

• Characteristics of random errors.

• Covariance matrices and covariance law.

• The least-squares principle.

• Parametric adjustment.

• Conditional adjustment.

• Combined adjustment.

59

ANALYSIS OF OVERDETERMINED SYSTEMS (LE/ESSE 3630 3.0) Hilbert space and statistics. Statistical testing and assessment of observations, parameters and

mathematical models. Optimal design. Generalized adjustment, problems with constraints and

singularities, step-by-step procedures.

Prerequisites: SC/MATH2565 3.0, LE/ESSE 3610 3.0 or LE/SC/EATS 3610 4.0 or LE/ENG 3110 3.0,

LE/ESSE 3620 3.0 or LE/SC/EATS 3620 4.0 or LE/ENG 3120 3.0.

Course Credit Exclusions: LE/SC/EATS 3630 4.0 or LE/ENG 3130 4.0.

Format: Three lecture hours and 1 and ½ hours of laboratory exercises per week. One term. Three

credits.

Texts:

Anderson, M.J. and Mikhail, E.M. (1998), Surveying: Theory and Practice. McGraw-Hill, (7th

Edition).

Vanicek P., and Krakiwsky, E. (1986), Geodesy: The Concepts, North Holland, Amsterdam (2nd

Edition).

Wolf, P., and Ghilani, C.D. (1997), Adjustment Computations: Statistics and Least Squares in

Surveying and GIS, John Wiley & Sons, (4th Edition).


• Gelb, A. (Ed.), (1974), Applied Optimal Estimation, M.I.T. Press, Cambridge.

• Hogg, R.V. and Craig, A.T. (1995), Introduction to Mathematical Statistics, Prentice Hall, New Jersey

(5th Edition).

• Mikhail, E.M., (1976), Observations and Least squares, Thomas Y. Crowell, New York.

• Mikhail, E.M., and Gracie, G. (1981), Analysis & Adjustment of Survey Measurements, Van Nostrand

Reinhold.

Evaluation: Assignments 28%; Midterm 20%; Participation 7%; Final Exam 45%. You must pass the

final exam to pass the course.

Content:

• Generalized adjustment.

• Application of statistical tests for assessment of east-squares solutions.

• Familiarization with large overdetermined systems.

• Familiarization with optimal accuracy design.

• Developing solutions to problems with constraints and singularities.

60

GEODETIC SURVEYS (LE/ESSE 3640 3.0) Concepts, methods, techniques, implementation and applications of the digital modelling of the terrain in

geomatics engineering and other disciplines. Mathematical approaches and techniques for terrain surface

reconstruction, terrain analysis, structure, storage, processing and applications of digital terrain modelling

(DTM). Generation of TIN, Delaunay triangulation and Voronoi diagrams. Global and local deterministic

interpolation methods from point data. Kriging geo-statistical interpolation. Data acquisition methods

including laser scanning (lidar) systems. 3D point cloud co-registration. Accuracy and quality control.

Terrain parameters, visualization and generalization. Applications.

Prerequisites: LE/ESSE 2620 3.0 or LE/SC/EATS 2620 4.0 or LE/ENG 2120 4.0, LE/ESSE 2630 3.0 or

LE/SC/EATS 2630 3.0 or LE/ENG 2130 3.0, LE/ESSE 3610 3.0 or LE/SC/EATS 3610 4.0 or LE/ENG

3110 4.0; LE/ESSE 3620 3.0 or LE/SC/EATS 3620 4.0 or LE/ENG 3120 4.0.



Format: Three lecture hours and 1½ hours of laboratory exercises per week. One term. Three credits.

Texts:

• Anderson, J.M. and E.M. Mikhail, (1998), Surveying: Theory and Practice, McGraw-Hill, Boston (7th

Edition).

• Vanicek P. and E. Krakiwsky (1986), Geodesy: The Concepts, North Holland, Amsterdam (2nd

Edition).

• Wang, J. (2010), Geodetic Surveys, Lecture Notes, York University.


• Torge, W., (2001), Geodesy, Walter deGruyter, Berlin (3rd Edition).

• Wolf, P.R., and C.D. Ghilani, (2006), Elementary Surveying. An Introduction to Geomatics, Prentice


• Fritz Deumlich, (1981), Surveying Instruments, Walter deGruyter, Berlin, New York.

Evaluation: Laboratory exercises 45%; Midterm 15%; Participation 5%; Final Exam 35%.

Content:

• Planning, scheduling and execution of high precision survey operations.

• Survey instrument testing and calibration.

• Establishment and observation of horizontal, vertical control surveying and 3D control network.

• Measurement analysis and interpretation of special purpose high precision geodetic networks.

• Large structure monitoring in civil and engineering physics.

61

PHOTOGRAMMETRY (LE/ESSE 3650 3.0) Principles and basic optics. Image and object space. Coordinate transformations. Measurement and

correction of image coordinates. Collinearity and coplanarity conditions. Camera calibration.

Photogrammetric orientations. Stereoscopic viewing and stereomodel. Independent models, bundle, strip

and block photogrammetric triangulation. Direct Linear transformation (DLT) and Rational Polynomial

Models (RPM). Direct georeferencing. Digital photogrammetry, image matching and 3D reconstruction.

Image rectification, DEM and orthoimage generation. Close-range photogrammetry. Data acquisition

systems. Project planning. Applications.


LE/SC/EATS 3620 4.0 or LE/ENG 3120 4.0.



Format: Three lecture hours and 1 ½ hours of laboratory exercises per week. One term. Three credits.

Text: Wolf, P., and B.A. Dewitt, (2000), Elements of Photogrammetry, with Applications in GIS,

McGraw- Hill, Boston (3rd Edition).


• Mikhail, E.M., (1976), Observations and Leastsquares, Thomas Y. Crowell, New York.

• Mikhail, E.M., J.S. Bethel, J.C. McGlone and C. McGlone, (2001), Introduction to Modern

Photogrammetry, John Wiley & Sons.

• Mikhail, E.M., and G. Gracie, (1981), Analysis & Adjustment of Survey Measurements, Van Nostrand

Reinhold.

• Wolf, P., and C.D. Ghilani, (1997), Adjustment Computations: Statistics and Least Squares in

Surveying and GIS, John Wiley & Sons (3rd Edition).

Evaluation: Assignments 25%; Midterm 20%; Project 15%; Final Exam 40%.

Content:

• Photogrammetric principles, instruments and techniques.

• Coordinate frames and transformations in two and three dimensions.

• Image measurements and corrections.

• Stereoscopic viewing and stereomodel.

• Analytical photogrammetry.

• Photogrammetric triangulation and adjustments.

• Sensor geometric modeling and direct georeferencing.

• Digital photogrammetry.

• Image rectification and DEM and orthoimage generation.

• Project planning.

• Close-range photogrammetry.

• Photogrammetric applications and products.

62

ADVANCED FIELD SURVEYS (LE/ESSE 3660 3.0) A two-week camp comprising field and laboratory work. It involves organizational, planning, scheduling

and logistical aspects of high precision field operations related to engineering physics, establishment and

observation of control networks for construction and monitoring of large engineering structures.

Prerequisites: LE/ESSE 3640 3.0 or LE/SC/EATS 3640 4.0

Course Credit Exclusions: LE/SC/EATS 3660 3.0 or LE/ENG 3160 3.0

Format: Two-week field surveys. No lectures. Summer term. Three credits.

Text: Anderson, J.M., and E.M. Mikhail, (1998), Surveying: Theory and Practice, McGraw-Hill, Boston

(7th Edition).

Course Associated Fee: Approximately $150.00


• Torge, W., (2001), Geodesy, Walter deGruyter, Berlin (3rd Edition).

• Vanicek P., and E. Krakiwsky (1986), Geodesy: The Concepts, North Holland, Amsterdam (2nd

Edition).

• Wolf, P.R., and C.D. Ghilani, (2002), Elementary Surveying. An Introduction to Geomatics, Prentice


• Fritz Deumlich, (1981), Surveying Instruments, Walter deGruyter, Berlin, New York.

Evaluation: Field work 40%; Laboratory work 40%; Final report 20%.

Content:

• Planning and scheduling of survey operations.

• Survey instrument selection and testing and calibration.

• Establishment of geodetic control.

• Monitoring of large structures.

• Engineering physics projects.

• Baseline calibration.

• Densification of geodetic networks.

63

RESEARCH PROJECT (LE/ESSe 4000 3.0 (6.0))

A major written report or thesis on field measurements, laboratory research, or computer modelling in the

Earth or Atmospheric Sciences; work will be supervised by a faculty member. Open to exceptional

students.

Format: One term. Three credits. OR. Two Terms. Six credits.

Prerequisite: Written permission of the Department Chair.

Note: Students will be assigned a research project normally related to the research interests and activities

of the faculty member. The student will work closely with the supervising faculty member and assessment

will be made on research performance and written project report. Students are encouraged to suggest their

own research project.

TIME SERIES AND SPECTRAL ANALYSIS (LE/ESSE 4020 3.0)

(Cross-listed with SC/PHYS 4060 3.0 & SC/MATH 4830 3.0)

Treatment of discrete sampled data involving correlation, convolution, spectral density estimation,

frequency domain filtering, and Fast Fourier Transforms.

Prerequisites: LE/EECS 1540 3.0 or LE/CSE 1540 3.0 or equivalent programming experience;

SC/MATH 2015 3.0; SC/MATH 2271 3.0.



Text: Course kit consisting of sections from the following three textbooks: Spectral Analysis and Its

Applications, G.M. Jenkins, D.G. Watts, Holden- Day, San Francisco (1968); Random data: Analysis and

Measurement Procedures, J.S. Bendat, A.G. Piersol, Wiley-Interscience (1971); Time Sequence Analysis

in Geophysics, E.R. Kanaswewich, The University of Alberta Press, Alberta (3rd edition)

References:

The Measurement of Power Spectra, R.B. Blackman, J.W. Tukey, Dover, New York (1958).

The Analysis of Time Series, C. Chatfield, Chapman and Hall, New York (6th Edition, 1958).

Content:

Discrete, Equispaced Time Series: Topics include power and energy signals, expected value, variance,

signal to noise ratio, autocorrelation and cross correlation, impulse, filtering, convolution and

deconvolution, time reversal, z-transform.

Fourier Methods: Topics include Fast Fourier transform, effects of sampling and record length, time

domain vs frequency domain, filtering.

64

SYNOPTIC METEOROLOGY I (LE/ESSE 4050 3.0)

Analysis of mid-latitude synoptic scale weather systems: an introduction to storm tracks, fronts and air

masses, and diagnostic methods. Analysis and interpretation of surface weather maps and upper-air

charts.

Prerequisite /Corequisite: LE/ESSE 3040 3.0 or LE/SC/EATS 3040 3.0.


Format: Two lecture hours, three laboratory hours. Fall term. Three credits.

Text: Synoptic-Dynamic Meteorology in Midlatitudes (Volume 1), H.B. Bluestein (Oxford University

Press, 1992).

References:

An Introduction to Dynamic Meteorology (4th Edition), J. R. Holton (Academic Press, 2004).

Mid-Latitude Atmospheric Dynamics: A First Course, J.E. Martin (Wiley, 2006).

Weather Analysis, D. Djuric (Prentice Hall, 1994).

Content:

Analysis of 3D structure of meteorological fields, including pressure, pressure tendencies,

temperature, moisture and wind.

Atmospheric scales of motion, general circulation, synoptic weather systems.

Hydrostatic approximation and instability.

Practical use of tephigrams and hodographs.

Kinematics of the wind field. Geostropic and ageostrophic winds.

Qualitative applications of the QG equations.

Note: Access to a computer and some knowledge of the Internet, while not absolutely necessary would be

beneficial. Some laboratories require the use of computer software modules that will be provided.

65

SYNOPTIC METEOROLOGY II (LE/ESSE 4051 3.0) Synoptic and mesoscale weather systems with emphasis on diagnosis and prediction: focus on forecasting

with applications on the interpretation of the GEM NWP model output. Kinematics and extrapolation

techniques applied to short range forecasting. Satellite/radar image interpretation applied to surface

analysis.

Prerequisite: LE/ESSE 4050 3.0 or LE/SC/EATS 4050 3.0.


Format: Two lecture hours, three laboratory hours. Winter term. Three credits.

Text: Notes and labs will be supplied in class.

References:

An Introduction to Dynamic Meteorology (3rd Edition), James R. Holton (Academic Press, 1992).

Synoptic-Dynamic Meteorology in Midlatitudes (Volume 2), H.B. Bluestein (Oxford University

Press).

Satellite Meteorology: An Introduction, S.Q. Kidder and T.H. Vonder.

Lecture Content:

• Interpretation of radar and satellite imagery including conveyor belts.

• Description and characteristics of NWP products such as ensemble forecasts.

• Planetary boundary layer and mid-latitude synoptic scale weather systems: structure, characteristics,

cloud and precipitation patterns and profiles including indicators for development.

• Jet streams, tropopause, upper fronts: structure, characteristics and diagnostics

• Surface wind diagnosis and forecasting.

• Diagnosis of surface and upper air features for severe weather potential and snow squall development.

• Secondary and mesoscale circulations including monsoon circulations over NA.

Laboratory Content:

• Applications of radar and satellite imagery, including satellite dynamics, to surface and upper air

analysis.

• Applications of Canadian NWP products: four panel charts, ensemble products, output statistics.

• Application of energetics to synoptic scale development.

• Diagnosis: vertical motion, weather elements, surface winds using geostrophic wind scale, surface and

upper air indicators for severe weather and snow squall potential.

• Application of short range forecasting techniques to surface, upper air features, and weather elements.

Note: Access to a computer and some knowledge of the Internet, while not absolutely necessary would

be beneficial.

66

CLOUD PHYSICS AND RADAR METEOROLOGY (LE/ESSE 4120 3.0) Thermodynamics of cloud processes. Buoyancy and convection. Weather radar. Storms and associated

precipitation. Cloud droplet formation and growth of ice crystals. Snow, graupel and hail. Microphysical

processes and climate.

Prerequisite/ Corequisite: LE/ESSE 3030 3.0 or LE/SC/EATS 3030 3.0.



Text: A Short Course in Cloud Physics, (3rd Edition) R.R. Rogers and M. K. Yau (Pergamon, 1989)

References:

Radar for Meteorologists, (4th Edition), R.E. Rinehart (Rinehart Publications, 2004).

Mesoscale Meteorology in Midlatitudes, P. Markowski & Y. Richardson (Wiley-Blackwell, 2010).

Content:

Moist thermodynamics, stability, buoyancy, convection and entrainment.

Weather radar.

Cloud droplet formation and growth, ice crystals, snow, graupel and hail.

Microphysical processes.

ATMOSPHERIC DYNAMICS II (LE/ESSE 4130 3.0) The theory and behavior of Rossby, baroclinic and internal gravity waves in the atmosphere including

their origin, structure and propagation. Barotropic and baroclinic instability and the global circulation of

the atmosphere.

Prerequisite: LE/ESSE 3040 3.0 or LE/SC/EATS 3040 3.0.


Format: Three lecture hours per week. One term. Three credits.

Text: An Introduction to Dynamic Meteorology, (4th Edition), J.R. Holton (Academic Press, 2004)

References: Atmosphere-Ocean Dynamics, A.E. Gill (Academic Press, 1982); The Ceaseless Wind, J.A.

Dutton (Dover, 1986); Geophysical Fluid Dynamics, (2 Edition), Joseph Pedlosky (Springer-nd Verlag);

and Synoptic - Dynamic Meteorology in Midlatitudes (Volumes I and II), H.B. Bluestein (Oxford, 1992).

Content:

Introduction to linear wave theory.

Sound waves.

Surface and internal gravity waves.

Inertio-gravity and Rossby waves.

Geostrophic adjustment.

Baroclinic and barotropic instabilities.

The General Circulation. Angular

momentum budget and the energy cycle.

Tropical dynamics, equatorial waves, middle

atmosphere dynamics.

67

NUMERICAL WEATHER PREDICTION (LE/ESSE 4140 3.0) The development of computational techniques for the solution of problems in atmospheric dynamics. The

construction of numerical models for the prediction of weather.

Prerequisites: LE/ESSE 3040 3.0 or LE/SC/EATS 3040 3.0; LE/EECS 1540 3.0 or LE/CSE 1540 3.0 or

equivalent FORTRAN programming experience.

Prerequisite/ Corequisite: LE/ESSE 4130 3.0 or LE/SC/EATS 4130 3.0 strongly recommended.


Format: Three lecture hours per week, 8 three laboratory hours in consecutive weeks. One term.

Three credits.

Main Reference: Lecture Notes for LE/EATS 4140 3.0, G.P. Klaassen (1998)

Recommended Texts: Atmospheric Modelling, Data Assimilation and Predictability, E. Kalnay

(Cambridge University Press, 2002)

Further References:

Numerical Prediction and Dynamic Meteorology (2nd Edition), G.J. Haltiner and R.T. Williams

(Wiley & Sons, New York, 1980).

An Introduction to Numerical Weather Prediction Techniques, T.N. Krishnamurti and L. Bounova

(CRC Press 1996).

An Introduction to Dynamic Meteorology, J.R. Holton (Academic Press, 1979).

Numerical Methods for Fluid Dynamics: With Applications to Geophysics, D.R. Durran (Springer

2010).

Content:

Finite differencing techniques and analysis of truncation errors.

Analysis of finite difference approximations to advection and diffusion equations. Development of

criteria for computational stability and convergence.

Aliasing and non-linear computational instability.

Galerkin spectral and finite element techniques.

Shallow water models.

Equations governing quasi-geostrophic and balanced flow.

Development of numerical models based on the primitive equations of motion.

Parameterization of physical processes.

68

CLIMATE AND CLIMATE CHANGE (LE/ESSE 4160 3.0) The Earth’s climate and the general circulation of the atmosphere. Climate models. Paleoclimatology and

long-term stability of the Earth’s climate. Anthropogenic impact on the climate, carbon dioxide and other

climate change issues.

Prerequisite: LE/ESSE 2010 3.0 or LE/ESSE 3040 3.0 or LE/SC/EATS 2010 3.0 or LE/SC/EATS 3040

3.0 or permission of the instructor.



Reading:

A Climate Modelling Primer, 3rd, K. McGuffie, H. Henderson-Sellars (Wiley, 2005).

Climate Change and Climate Modelling, J.D. Neelin (C.U.P. 2011).

Global Physical Climatology, L.Hartmann (Academic Press, 1994) and IPPC.

References:

Physics of Climate, J.P. Peixoto and A.H. Oort (AIP, 1992).

Atmosphere, Weather and Climate, R. G. Barry and R. J. Chorley (Methuen, 1987).

Climate Change 2001: The Scientific Basis, IPCC, (Cons. U. Press, 2001).

Evaluation: Assignments, tests, essay, exam.

Content:

The climate system.

Radiation clouds and climate.

Surface energy balance.

Atmospheric general circulations.

The ocean circulation and climate.

Earth’s climate history.

Global climate models.

Climate change

69

REMOTE SENSING OF THE EARTH'S SURFACE (LE/ESSE 4220 3.0)

Principles used in extracting physical information about the Earth's surface using remote sensing. Remote

sensing in the visible, short-wave infrared, thermal infrared and microwave regions is discussed in terms

of potential applicability to forestry, agriculture, water resources and geology.

Prerequisites: SC/PHYS 2020 3.0, or SC/PHYS 2060 3.0, or both SC/PHYS 2211 1.0 and SC/PHYS

2212 1.0.

Format: Two lecture hours. Three laboratory hours. One term. Three credits.

Text: To be announced

Content:

Physical Basis of Remote Sensing: Topics include the sun as a source, scattering and absorption effect

of the atmosphere, spectral reflectance and emittance properties of natural surfaces, estimation of

radiant flux received by a satellite sensor.

Sensors: Topics include radiometric sensitivity, spectral sensitivity, noise considerations, image

production by camera systems, line scanners, push broom imagers, imaging spectrometers.

Interpretation: The basis whereby physical parameters of interest to Earth resources management can

be measured directly or inferred from remote sensing data are discussed.

Application Areas: Meteorology. Hydrology and water resources. Oceanography and marine

resources. Vegetation and soil resources. Geology and mineral resources.

70

REMOTE SENSING OF THE ATMOSPHERE (LE/ESSE 4230 3.0) An introduction to and summary of the area of remote sensing of the atmosphere from space platforms

and from the ground. Topics include atmospheric radiation, atmospheric spectroscopy, inversion theory,

instrumentation, satellites, space platforms and future technology.

Prerequisites: LE/ESSE 2010 3.0 or LE/SC/EATS 2010 3.0 or SC/PHYS 2060 3.0; SC/MATH 1025 3.0;

SC/MATH 2015 3.0; SC/MATH 2271 3.0.

Prerequisite/ Corequisite: LE/ESSE 3030 3.0 or LE/SC/EATS 3030 3.0 or permission of the course

director.


Format: Three lecture hours per week, occasional laboratory sessions. One term. Three credits.

References:

Remote Sensing of the Lower Atmosphere: An Introduction, G.L. Stevens (Oxford University Press,

1994).

Remote Sounding of Atmospheres, J. T. Houghton, F. W. Taylor, C. D.Rodgers (Cambridge

University Press, 1986).

A First Course in Atmospheric Radiation, G.W. Petty (Sundog Publishing, 2004).

Content:

Introduction: Need for remote sensing and course overview.

Theory: Spectroscopy of atmospheric molecules, absorption and emission of radiation, radiative

transfer.

Inversion techniques: Methods for recovering temperature profiles and species densities from nadir

and limb satellite IR radiance measurements.

Instrumentation: Radiometers; Spectrometers; Interferometers, etc., used for atmospheric remote

sensing.

Ground based: Techniques for monitoring atmospheric temperature and composition – solar

absorption, LIDAR and Airglow remote sensing.

Recent developments in visible, IR and microwave techniques including OSIRIS on Odin and SWIFT

on Chinook.

71

STORMS AND WEATHER SYSTEMS (LE/ESSE 4240 3.0) A survey of mesoscale meteorological processes, their measurement, and their prediction including

mesoscale boundaries (lake breeze fronts, drylines), tropical storms (hurricanes), winter storms and winter

severe weather (snowsqualls, freezing rain), and thunderstorms and summer severe weather (hail

downbursts, tornadoes, flash floods).

Prerequisites /Corequisites: LE/ESSE 3040 3.0 or LE/ SC/EATS 3040 3.0; LE/ESSE 4120 3.0 or

LE/SC/EATS 4120 3.0. Course Credit Exclusions: LE/SC/EATS 4240 3.0.

Format: Three lecture hours per week. One term. Three credits.

Texts:

Severe and Hazardous Weather: An Introduction to High Impact Meteorology, R.M. Rauber, J.E.

Walsh, D.J. Charlevoix (Kendall Hunt Publishing, 4th Edition).h

Mesoscale Meteorology in Midlatitudes, P.M. Markowski, Y.P. Richardson (Wiley-Blackwell

Publishing, 2010).

Content:

• Mesoscale meteorological measurement platforms.

• Mesoscale numerical modelling.

• Mesoscale boundaries.

• Tropical Storms.

• Winter Storms and winter severe weather.

• Thunderstorms and summer severe weather.

• Report and presentation project.

72

*PAYLOAD DESIGN (LE/ESSE 4360 3.0)

This course provides students with a comprehensive and accurate approach for the specification and

detailed design of different spacecraft payloads, including optical payload, microwave payload,

communications payload, and planetary exploration payload. Reliability analysis and its application will

also be covered for space systems. Payload design projects will be assigned to students during the course.

Prerequisites: LE/ENG 2001 3.0; LE/ENG 2002 3.0 or permission of the instructor.

Format: Three lecture hours per week. One Term. Three credits.

Text: TBA

Content: TBA

*SPACE MISSION DESIGN (LE/ESSE 4361 3.0)

This course covers the basic aspects of space mission design from a "blank sheet". It includes mission

design structure using systems engineering approaches to the design problem. Mission design starts with a

set of mission objectives and aims to develop a viable solution for meeting these objectives given a set of

technical cost and programmatic constraints. This course brings together systems engineering, mission

types, objectives, technical readiness, risk mitigation, mission subsystems, and cost estimation.

Prerequisites: LE/ESSE 4360 or permission of the instructor.

Format: Three lecture hours. One Term. Three credits.

Text: TBA

Content: TBA

*New Courses Offered by the Department

73

FINITE ELEMENT METHODS IN ENGINEERING DESIGN

(LE/ESSE 4370 3.0)

Basic principles of finite element method, variational and weighed residual principle procedures in

discretizing and building up governing equations of physical models. Use of industrial FEM codes to

understand model response to external effects such as stress, heat, vibration, and fluids. The course title

has design in it but the course is really finite element analysis, and is about methods of solution of partial

differential equations with boundary conditions


Prerequisites: SC/MATH 1025 3.0; SC/MATH 2015 3.0; SC/MATH 2271 3.0; SC/PHYS 1010 6.0, or a

minimum grade of C in SC/PHYS 1410 6.0; SC/PHYS 2010 3.0; SC/PHYS 2030 3.0; LE/ESSE 2470 3.0

or LE/SC/EATS 2470 3.0.

Course Credit Exclusion: LE/ENG 3350 3.0.

Text: No required reading list but students should be sufficiently well versed in differential equations and

linear algebra, and some background in solid mechanics and heat transfer would be useful.

Content: Topics covered:

1. Calculus of variations.

2. Formulating the finite element problem.

3. Energy methods.

4. Approximate solution via the Raleigh-Ritz and Galerkin methods

5. 1-D linear and higher order elements.

6. Element stiffness and force matrices.

7. Assembling the global matrices.

8. 2-D elements.

Much of the first part of the course will be based on an axially loaded bar subject to various boundary

and loading conditions.

Evaluation: 2 Midterms worth 15% and 25%, Problem Sets worth 10% and a Final Exam of 50%.

74

GEOGRAPHICAL INFORMATION SYSTEMS (GIS) AND DATA

INTEGRATION (LE/ESSE 4400 3.0)

Project-oriented Geomatics course using GIS systems and various techniques (map algebraic, statistical,

fuzzy logic, AI, and fractal/multifractal) for integrating diverse dataset (geographic, geological,

geophysical, geochemical, hydrological, remote sensing and GPS). It starts with the fundamental concepts

and techniques of GIS along with a detailed discussion of computer implementation. The emphases

include database management and map analysis/spatial modelling with Macro Language Programming.

ARC/INFO GIS program is used for hands-on exercises.

Prerequisite: LE/ESSE 3600 3.0 or LE/SC/EATS 3300 3.0, AP/SC/GEOG 3180 3.0, AP/SC/GEOG

4340 3.0, ES/ENVS 3520 3.0, ES/ENVS 4520 3.0, or permission of the instructor.


Format: Two lecture hours and two laboratory hours per week. One term. Three credits.

References:

ARC/INFO On-Line Documentation/ Internet GIS discussion Lists; Understanding GIS: The

ARC/INFO Method (Version 7 for UNIX), Environmental Systems Research Institute, Inc.

Geographic Information Systems for Geoscientists: Modelling with GIS Graeme F. Bonham-Carter

(Pergamon Press, 1994).

ARC Macro Language-Development ARC/INFO Menus and Macro with AML Environmental

Systems Research Institute, Inc.

Evaluation: Assignments (50%); Project (50%).

Content:

• Introduction to Geomatics.

• Spatial data, data structure and database management.

• Data collection, data conversion and data transformation.

• Georeferencing and GPS.

• Spatial statistical analysis for vector and raster data.

• Diverse data integration.

• Spatial modelling and prediction.

• Macro programming (AML).

• Application examples include mineral potential mapping, hydrological modelling, stream network

analysis, and environmental planning.

75

GLOBAL POSITIONING SYSTEMS (LE/ESSE 4610 3.0) GPS as a modern positioning and navigation technology. Coordinate systems and transformations,

satellite orbits, signal structure, observables and error sources. Position processing. Applications.


4.0 or LE/ENG 3110 3.0; LE/ESSE 3620 3.0 or LE/SC/EATS 3620 4.0 or LE/ENG 3120 4.0; or

permission of the course director.


Format: Three lecture hours weekly & three laboratory hours every other week. One term. Three credits.

Textbook: J. David Neelin, (2011). Climate Change and Climate Modeling. Cambridge University Press.

References:

Hofmann-Wellenhof, B., Lichtenegger, H., Collins, J., (2006). Global Positioning System: Theory

and Practice, Springer Verlag (5th Edition).

El-Rabbany, A., (2006). Introduction to GPS, the Global Positioning System. Artech House, Boston

(2nd Edition).

Kaplan, E.D., (Ed.), (2006). Understanding GPS. Principles and Applications.

Artech House, Boston (2nd Edition).Leick, A., (2004). GPS Satellite Surveying. John Wiley, New

York (3rd Edition).

Evaluation: Projects (3) 35%; Mid-term 20%; Class Participation 5%; Final Exam 40%.

76

PHYSICAL AND SPACE GEODESY (LE/ESSE 4620 3.0) Local treatment of the Earth’s gravity field. Boundary value problems. Normal and disturbing potential,

the normal gravity formula. Geoid, geoidal undulations, deflections of the vertical. Stokes and Vening

Meinesz formulae. Gravimetry and gravity reductions. Height systems. Gravity space missions (CHAMP,

GRACE, GOCE).


4.0 or LE/ENG 3110 4.0; LE/ESSE 3620 3.0 or LE/SC/EATS 3620 4.0 or LE/ENG 3120 4.0; LE/ESSE

4610 3.0 or LE/EATS 4610 3.0 or LE/ENG 4110 3.0.

Course Credits Exclusion: LE/SC/EATS 4620 3.0 or LE/ENG 4120 3.0.

Format: Three lecture hours weekly and three hours of laboratory exercises every other week. One term.

Three credits.

Texts:

1. Hofmann-Wellenhof, B., and Moritz, H., (2005). Physical Geodesy. Springer, Vienna. REQUIRED.

2. Vanicek P., and E. Krakiwsky (1986). Geodesy: The Concepts. North Holland, Amsterdam (2nd

Edition). STRONGLY SUGGESTED.


• Kaula, W.M., (2000). Theory of Satellite Geodesy. Dover (reprint).

• Moritz, H., (1980). Advanced Physical Geodesy. Abacus Press, Tunbridge Wells, U.K.

• Seeber, G., (1993). Satellite Geodesy, Walter de Gruyter, Berlin.

• Torge, W., (2001), Geodesy. Walter deGruyter. Berlin (3rd Edition).

Other Reading Material: Students will be encouraged to search and read other material, such as

scientific papers, articles, reports, conference proceedings and other. Guidance will be provided by the

instructor and TA.

Evaluation: Project #1: 15%; Project #2: 10%; Project #3: 15%; Mid-term Test 15%; Final Exam 45%.

Content:

Gravity field and geodetic measurements.

Boundary value problems of physical geodesy.

Stokes-Helmert Theory of geoid determination.

Gravimetry and gravity reductions.

Height systems.

Altimetry and gravity space mission.

77

IMAGE PROCESSING FOR REMOTE SENSING AND PHOTOGRAMMETRY (LE/ESSE 4630 3.0) Digital imaging from remote platforms. Image processing and analysis, including radiometric and

geometric corrections, image enhancements and transformations, multispectral classification, digital

photogrammetry fundamentals.


LE/SC/EATS 4220 3.0.


Format: Two lecture hours and three hours of laboratory exercises per week. One term. Three credits.

Text: Remote Sensing Digital Image Analysis: An Introduction, John A. Richards and Xiuping Jia.


• Digital Photogrammetry: An Addendum to the Manual of Photogrammetry, C.W. Greve, Editor, 1996,

ASPRS.

• Digital Picture Processing, Two volumes, Rosenfeld, A. and Kak, A.C., New York: Academic Press

1982.

• Digital Image Processing, Castleman, K.R., Prentice Hall, Englewood Cliffs, NJ, 1979.

• An Introduction to Digital Image Processing, Niblack, W., Prentice Hall, 1986.

• Fundamentals of Digital Image Processing, Jain, A.K., Prentice Hall, Englewood Cliffs, NJ, 1989

• Introductory Computer Vision and Image Processing, Low, A., McGraw-Hill, New York, 1991.

• Computer Vision, Ballard, D.H., and Brown, C.M., Prentice Hall, 1982.

• Digital Image Processing and Computer Vision, Schalkoff, R.J., New York: Wiley 1989.

• A Guided Tour of Computer Vision, Nalwa, V.S., Addison-Wesley 1993.

• Computer Vision Handbook, Fleck, M.M., and Stevenson, D. (Harvey Mudd, 1997).

• Algorithms for Image Processing and Computer Vision, Parker, J.R., Wiley.

Evaluation: Assignments 30%; Midterm 20%; Participation 10%; Final Exam 40%.

Content:

• Fundamentals of digital image.

• Radiometric and geometric correction.

• Image enhancement and transformations.

• Image enhancement and filtering.

• Feature selection.

• Multispectral classification.

• Data fusion and change detection.

78

DIGITAL TERRAIN MODELLING (LE/ESSE 4640 3.0) Digital Terrain Modelling concepts. Mathematical techniques in data acquisition, processing, storage and

applications. DTM surface representation using moving averages, local and global interpolation, TIN

generation and Kriging techniques. Grid resampling methods and search algorithms. DTM derivatives and

applications. LIDAR systems and applications.


LE/SC/EATS 3620 3.0 or LE/ENG 3110 4.0.


Format: Two lecture hours and three laboratory hours per week. One term. Three credits.

Text: El-Sheimy, N., Valeo, C. and Habib, A. (2005). Digital Terrain Modelling: Acquisition,

Manipulation and Applications, Artech House.

Other References:

• Li, Z., Zhu, Q., Gold, C. (2005). Digital Terrain Modelling: Principles and Methodology, CRC Press

• Maune, D.F., Editor (2001 and 2007). Digital Elevation Model Technologies and Applications:

The DEM User’s Manual, ASPRS, 655p.

• Burrough, P.A. (1986). Principles of Geographic Information Systems for Land Resources Assessment,

Oxford University Press.

• Burrough, P.A., McDonnell, R.A. (1998). Principles of Geographic Information Systems, 2nd

Edition, Oxford University Press.

• McGlone, C.J., Editor, Michail, E.M. and Bethel, J., Associate Editors (2004). Manual of

Photogrammetry, 5 Edition, American the Society for Photogrammetry and Remote Sensing 1151 p.

Evaluation: Assignments 20%; Group Project 20%; Mid-term Test 20%; Final Exam 40%.

Content:

• Introduction and definitions.

• Surface representation.

• TIN generation, Delauney triangulation, Voronoi diagrams.

• Terrain analysis and multi-scale representation.

• Global interpolation using trend surface analysis (TSA).

• Local interpolation methods.

• Kriging interpolation method.

• Acquisition methods for elevation data.

• Accuracy and quality control.

• Mapping and applications.

79

HYDROGRAPHY (LE/ESSE 4650 3.0) Hydrography and its role in offshore management. Elements of oceanography, tides and water levels,

seabed and sea water properties. Underwater acoustics. Bathymetric and imaging methods. Marine

positioning and navigation.

Prerequisite: LE/ESSE 4610 3.0 or LE/SC/EATS 4610 3.0 or LE/ENG 4110 3.0.


Format: Three lecture hours and three hours of laboratory exercises every week. One term. Three credits.

Text: K. McMillan ([email protected], Room 102 Petrie, (416-736-5245)


• Fillmore, S., and Sandilands, R.W. (1983). The Chartmakers, The History of Nautical Surveying in

Canada, NC Press Ltd., Toronto.

• Guenther, G.C. (1985). Airborne Laser Hydrography: System Design and Performance Factors, United

States National Technical Inf. Service, Springfield, VA. LCCN: 85-600602.

• Ingham, A.E. Ed. (1975). Sea Surveying: Illustrations, John Wiley & Sons, London.

• Ingham, A.E. Ed. (1975). Sea Surveying: Text, John Wiley & Sons, London.

• Ingham, A.E. and V.J. Abbott (1992). Hydrography for the Surveyor and Engineer, 3rd Edition,

Blackwell Scientific Publications, London, England.

• International Hydrographic Organization (1990). Precise Positioning Systems for Hydrographic

Surveying, International Hydrographic Bureau, Monaco. Special Pub. No. 39.

• International Telecommunication Union (1997). Handbook Selection and Use of Precise Frequency and

Time Systems, Radio Communication Bureau, Geneva, Switzerland.

• Lurton, X., (2002). An Introduction to Underwater Acoustics: Principles and Applications, Springer

Verlag.

• Maune, D.F. (2001). Digital Elevation Model Technologies and Applications: The DEM Users

Manual, The American Society for Photogrammetry and Remote Sensing, Bethesda, Maryland.

Evaluation: Assignments 45%; Participation 20%; Final Exam 35%.

Content:

• Hydrography - tasks and problems.

• Elements of oceanography.

• Underwater acoustics.

• Bathymetric and imaging methods.

• Marine positioning.


80

CADASTRAL SURVEYS AND LAND REGISTRATION SYSTEMS (LE/ESSE 4660 3.0) Cadastral systems, survey law and the role of the professional land surveyor. The Dominion Lands

Survey System and Land Surveys Acts and Regulations. Cadastral surveys, including surveys of Canada

lands for aboriginal land claims and coastal boundaries. Land registration systems in Canada.

Prerequisite: LE/ESSE 2620 3.0 or LE/SC/EATS 2620 4.0 or LE/ENG 2120 4.0.

Course Credit Exclusion: LE/EATS 4660 3.0 or LE/ENG 4160 3.0.

Format: Three lecture hours and three hours of laboratory exercises per week. One term. Three credits.

Text: No specific text required. Extensive reading list will be given according to subject treated. Journal

articles and other reading material will be given as required.


• The Law and Practice of Land Surveying in Alberta, (2007) edited by A. McEwen, Alberta Land

Surveyors Assoc., Calgary

• Survey Law in Canada (1989), The Canadian Institute of Surveying and Mapping; Carswell; Toronto

On-Line Resources: On-line access for Province of Ontario statutes, Association of Ontario Land

Surveyors Library.

Evaluation: Assignments 30%; Midterm 30%; Final Exam 40%.

Objectives:

• Understanding the role of the Professional Land Surveyor.

• Knowledge of provincial statutes governing surveyors and surveying.

• Understanding land registration systems.

81

SURVEY LAW (LE/ESSE 4670 3.0) Property boundaries, survey monuments, descriptions, fences, future issues. Natural boundaries formed

by waters and the right of access. Property title issues, legislation, and standards of practice.

Prerequisites: LE/ESSE 4660 3.0 or LE/SC/EATS 4660 3.0 or LE/ENG 4160 3.0.



Text: No specific text required. Extensive reading list will be given according to subject treated.

Reading Material: Journal articles and other reading material will be given as required.

On-line resources: On-line access for statutes of Ontario, Association of Ontario Land Surveyors; digital

library and web based sources of Case Law.


Survey Law in Canada (1989), The Canadian Institute of Surveying and Mapping, Carswell, Toronto.

Legal Aspects of Surveying Water Boundaries (1996), D.W. Lambden, I. De Rijcke, Carswell,

Toronto.

Russell on Roads (2005), W.D. Rusty Russell, Carswell, Toronto.

Evaluation: Assignments 50%, Final Exam 50%.

Objectives:

• Understanding principles of property boundaries and their monumentation and retracement using the

evidentiary rules.

• Knowledge on natural boundaries (lakes, rivers, etc.) and the right of access.

• Understanding title issues.

• Understanding purpose and use of written descriptions and Plans of Survey.

• Understanding how to source and apply Case Law.

82

GEOMATICS MULTI-SENSOR SYSTEMS (LE/ESSE 4680 3.0) A generalised treatment (with strong lab component) of contemporary geomatics technology (satellite and

inertial navigation systems, ranging and imaging sensors) in terms of generic spatial sensors and classical

mathematical and hardware integration methods for specific user applications.


Text: TBA

Evaluation: TBA

Content: TBA

*Course not offered in 2014 – 2015

ADVANCED 3D GEOSPATIAL TECHNIQUES (LE/ESSE 4690 3.0) Advanced 3D geospatial techniques for data extraction from imaging and ranging sensors (optical, radar

and lidar), 3D modeling, 3D data management and internet mapping using emerging and

multidisciplinary technologies in 3D geospatial information science and engineering.


Text: Computer Vision: Algorithms and Applications (2011), Richard Szeliski, Springer; Applications of

3D Measurement from Images (2007), Edited by J. Fryer, H. Mitchell and J. Chandler, CRC Press; The

KML Handbook: Geographic Visualization for the Web (2009), J. Wernecke, Addison-Wesley.

Evaluation: Assignments 20%; Mid-term exam 20%; Final Examination 40%; Individual Project 20%

Content:

• Introduction to GIS and Spatial Analysis.

• Spatial data modeling.

• Spatial data structures.

• Geopositioning.

• Data sources and quality.

• Spatial Databases.

• Data processing and spatial analysis.

• Data visualization.

*Course not offered in 2014 - 2015

Students participating in a two-week land surveying course at the Lassonde

School of Engineering, York University. The course is comprised of field and

office work that simulates professional practice and engineering concepts.

The field testing of the small geomatics aerial model mapper YRUG. This a

collaboration between Geomatics Engineering, York University and Aerospace

Engineering, Ryerson University.

earth and space science and engineeringlassonde.yorku.ca/sites/default/files/esse... · department...

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