Early Early ReformsReforms

Chapter 15 Chapter 15 Section 1Section 1

1) __________________ brought problems.1) __________________ brought problems.

Some used ______________ and Some used ______________ and _____________ to change laws for their _____________ to change laws for their

own personal gain.own personal gain.

1870s-1880s – known as the “______________” 1870s-1880s – known as the “______________”

(covered with ___________) where (covered with ___________) where wealthy people lived very well.wealthy people lived very well.

INDUSTRIAL GROWTH

WEALTHPOWER

GILDED AGE

GOLD

Most wealthy did not care about Most wealthy did not care about _____________________ or __________._____________________ or __________.

__________________ (dishonesty) __________________ (dishonesty) spread.spread.

Owners of ___________________________ = Owners of ___________________________ = very rich and powerful.very rich and powerful.

2) Many rich owners did good things –2) Many rich owners did good things –

They created _____________ for the poor They created _____________ for the poor as well as built _____________. as well as built _____________.

POOR PEOPLE SOCIETYCORRUPTION

BIG BUSINESS

JOBSMUSEUMS

3) Many rich owners did bad things –3) Many rich owners did bad things –

They used the ____________________ for They used the ____________________ for their own personal gain. They their own personal gain. They

often ________________ the often ________________ the government government to get what they wanted.to get what they wanted.

This was called a “_____________”.This was called a “_____________”.

They only wanted to help their own They only wanted to help their own ___________________.___________________.

GOVERNMENT

BRIBED

KICKBACK

BUSINESSES

Joke – J.D. Rockefeller “owned the best Joke – J.D. Rockefeller “owned the best ____________________ (lawmakers) ____________________ (lawmakers) money money could buy.”could buy.”

Cornelius Vanderbilt – wanted to control Cornelius Vanderbilt – wanted to control ___________________ - bribed ___________________ - bribed

lawmakers to help his business. He even broke lawmakers to help his business. He even broke the __________ but did not care.the __________ but did not care.

LEGISLATORS

RAILROADS

LAW

4) In _________________, _______________, 4) In _________________, _______________, and _____________ governments,and _____________ governments,

officials ______________ and officials ______________ and ________________.________________.

5) Government officials took _____________ 5) Government officials took _____________ from the wealthy and even took from the wealthy and even took

them for __________.them for __________.

NATIONAL STATECITY

LIEDCHEATED

BRIBES

VOTES

6) _______________________ - the most 6) _______________________ - the most corrupt city in Americacorrupt city in America

Some city leaders, or Some city leaders, or ____________________, ____________________, controlled the controlled the government.government.

The most famous was The most famous was ______________________________.______________________________.

He controlled ______________________ by He controlled ______________________ by giving gifts, jobs and favors to voters in giving gifts, jobs and favors to voters in exchange for their votes.exchange for their votes.

NEW YORK CITY

POLITICAL BOSSES

WILLIAM “BOSS” TWEEDELECTIONS

William William

““Boss” Boss”

TweedTweed

He received _______________________ in He received _______________________ in return.return.

He “padded” (added to) city bills – nearly He “padded” (added to) city bills – nearly ______________________ in all!______________________ in all!

He paid ________________________ and He paid ________________________ and _____________________ to be _____________________ to be quiet about his illegal activities.quiet about his illegal activities.

KICKBACKS

$200 MILLIONPOLICE OFFICERS

CITY WORKERS

7) Americans soon wanted _________________. 7) Americans soon wanted _________________. The _____________________ were The _____________________ were

overhauled.overhauled.

1870s – 1880s – jobs were filled by the 1870s – 1880s – jobs were filled by the “__________________” or by “__________________” or by

““_______________________” – jobs _______________________” – jobs were were given to supportersgiven to supporters

REFORMSCIVIL SERVICES

SPOILS SYSTEM

PATRONAGE

8) 1870s – President _________________ spoke out 8) 1870s – President _________________ spoke out against spoils – __________________ against spoils – __________________ did not did not agree with him.agree with him.

9) 1880 – President _________________ would 9) 1880 – President _________________ would not give people jobs without being not give people jobs without being qualified for qualified for them – he was _______________ for this in 1881.them – he was _______________ for this in 1881.

10) The _____________________Act was passed in 10) The _____________________Act was passed in 1883 – made it the law for people who wanted a 1883 – made it the law for people who wanted a government job needed to take a test. government job needed to take a test.

HAYESCONGRESS

GARFIELD

KILLED

CIVIL SERVICE

VocabularyVocabulary

Bribe – money paid to get someone to do something Bribe – money paid to get someone to do something against the lawagainst the law

Civil Service – system that includes most government Civil Service – system that includes most government workers who are appointed rather than electedworkers who are appointed rather than elected

Kickback – an illegal payment of money made in return Kickback – an illegal payment of money made in return for a favor or servicefor a favor or service

Political machine – a group that controlled a political Political machine – a group that controlled a political partyparty

VocabularyVocabulary

Graft – illegal use of political influence for personal gainGraft – illegal use of political influence for personal gain

Tweed Ring – group of corrupt politicians led by William “Boss” Tweed Ring – group of corrupt politicians led by William “Boss” TweedTweed

Patronage – giving of government jobs to supportersPatronage – giving of government jobs to supporters

Stalwarts – those who supported the patronage systemStalwarts – those who supported the patronage system

Pendleton Act – 1883 – act implementing the merit system in Pendleton Act – 1883 – act implementing the merit system in civil service hiring civil service hiring (where people had to take a test and (where people had to take a test and have certain skills for the job)have certain skills for the job)