Early Native American Early Native American CulturesCultures

1. Culture = 1. Culture = Way of lifeWay of life

2. Parts of culture = 2. Parts of culture = Behavior, Behavior, customs, ideas, skills, homes, customs, ideas, skills, homes, clothes, government, clothes, government, protection, religion, sports, protection, religion, sports, transportation, jobs, art, dance, transportation, jobs, art, dance, money, language and foodmoney, language and food

3. Environment = 3. Environment = SurroundingsSurroundings

4. Your 4. Your environment environment limits and limits and influences your influences your culture.culture.

5. Culture area = 5. Culture area = Region in which Region in which people share a similar way of lifepeople share a similar way of life

6. Tribe = 6. Tribe = Group of villages or Group of villages or settlements that share common settlements that share common customs, languages and ritualscustoms, languages and rituals

Mound BuildersMound Builders

Lived 3000 years ago in Lived 3000 years ago in MississippiMississippi

They built large mounds of earth They built large mounds of earth for burial places and public for burial places and public buildings.buildings.

Built the first cities in North Built the first cities in North America.America.

AnasaziAnasazi

Lived in Utah, Colorado, Arizona Lived in Utah, Colorado, Arizona and New Mexico.and New Mexico.

Cliff Dwellers: built homes in cliffsCliff Dwellers: built homes in cliffs Skilled at making baskets, pottery, Skilled at making baskets, pottery,

and jewelryand jewelry 1300: Mysteriously abandoned 1300: Mysteriously abandoned

their homestheir homes

Northwest CoastNorthwest Coast Used canoes to fish, hunted Used canoes to fish, hunted

meat meat

and used hides.and used hides.

Lived in villages, constructed Lived in villages, constructed

wooden houses and traded wooden houses and traded with with

other tribes.other tribes.

Were great craftsmen-bark rope, Were great craftsmen-bark rope, blankets, jewelry, pottery and clothes.blankets, jewelry, pottery and clothes.

Potlatch-show of Potlatch-show of wealthwealth

The name comes from a northwest Native The name comes from a northwest Native American tradition whereby great honor and American tradition whereby great honor and cultural status was given to those who gave cultural status was given to those who gave the most away at large celebrations called the most away at large celebrations called potlatches.potlatches.

Southwest-Southwest-Desert Desert

FarmersFarmers--grew corn, beans and grew corn, beans and squash, squash,

religion tied to farming, later religion tied to farming, later became hunters became hunters

KivasKivas (underground chambers for (underground chambers for religion)religion)

KachinasKachinas (masked dancers who (masked dancers who represented spirits). represented spirits).

Matriarchy-female Matriarchy-female dominateddominated

Lived with wife’s family inLived with wife’s family in Adobe housesAdobe houses: Homes : Homes

made of clay brick.made of clay brick. HogansHogans (mud over (mud over

framework of poles)framework of poles)

Great PlainsGreat Plains

*Some farming of corn, beans, *Some farming of corn, beans, and and

squash squash

*Hunted buffalo, elk and deer *Hunted buffalo, elk and deer

*Ruling council included great *Ruling council included great hunters, chiefs respected. hunters, chiefs respected.

**They were nomadic people. They were nomadic people.

*Lived in sod or matted grass *Lived in sod or matted grass houses, teepees.houses, teepees.

Eastern WoodlandsEastern Woodlands

Hunters & farmers: planted corn, squash, pumpkins,

Lived in longhouses: Long, narrow single room buildings where an entire family would live.

Women owned property in longhouse,

Women farmed and selected chiefs, moved to wife’s longhouse

The earliest Native Americans in the The earliest Native Americans in the New York state area (about 1000 New York state area (about 1000 years ago) were the years ago) were the Algonquins. Algonquins.

They were pushed out about 1300 by the They were pushed out about 1300 by the Iroquois. Iroquois. This group was a powerful force This group was a powerful force when the Europeans arrived.when the Europeans arrived.

The early Native American cultures made The early Native American cultures made use of and were influenced by things in use of and were influenced by things in their environment.their environment.

1.1. Trees – Weapons, canoes, shelter, Trees – Weapons, canoes, shelter, fences, totem poles, tools and fire wood.fences, totem poles, tools and fire wood.

2.2. Animals – Food, clothing, shelter, Animals – Food, clothing, shelter, weapons, utensils, traveled to follow weapons, utensils, traveled to follow them.them.

3.3. Good soil – FarmingGood soil – Farming4.4. Climate – Dress accordingly, houses Climate – Dress accordingly, houses

suited to it and what to eat.suited to it and what to eat.5.5. River – Food, travel and canoesRiver – Food, travel and canoes6.6. Plants – Food, face paints and medicinesPlants – Food, face paints and medicines