early inhabitants
DESCRIPTION
Slides for the station activityTRANSCRIPT
Paleo Ate Wooly Mammoth!
Early Inhabitants
BERING LAND BRIDGE At certain periods during the
Pleistocene Epoch, the temperatures turned cold enough to freeze much of the Earth’s water into ice. From about 25,000 to nearly 10,000 years ago, sea levels were as much as 135 m (440 ft) lower than they are today, and a natural land bridge, called Beringia, linked present-day Siberia and Alaska. Most anthropologists believe that Native Americans descend from Asian peoples who migrated into North America by way of this land bridge.
Early InhabitantsAncient Indians:
Broken into time periods, based on total change in culturePaleoArchaicWoodlandMississippian
Early InhabitantsPaleo
“Old Stone”Until 10,000 B.C. Nomadic Culture
HuntersHunted Large game
Large pointed sticks“Clovis points” spears
Lived in small groups25 – 50 members
Artifacts in GA:Around Rivers
Savannah Ocmulgee Flint
PALEO INDIANS Paleo-Indians lived in small nomadic
groups that remained in an area only as long as the animals and plant foods were plentiful. Evidence indicates that they camped near streams in temporary shelters made of branches, grass, and hides. At other times, they preferred high ground where they could see the countryside to watch for animals. The camp may have had a central area for group activities surrounded by living areas where families cooked and slept. These people probably used animal skins for clothing and as blankets, and they may have had dogs as hunting companions. They did not raise other animals or grow crops. They used no metal and made no pottery.
Used spears to hunt large game for food.
Archaic6000 B.C. – 1000 B.C.
3 periodsGame gets smaller
Weapons get smaller, fasterAtlatl
Simple toolsDrills, chipping tools
Seasonal MigrantsBegin horticultureSmall groups join
Make campsClay pots first used
Early Inhabitants
ATLATL USED BY THE ARCHAIC PEOPLES
The Atlatl…. By Atlatl Bob!
ARCHAIC PERIOD8000-5000BC
Invented useful tools such as:
Choppers, drills, and chipping tools
Hunted large game
Moved each season
WOODLAND INDIANS1000BC-1000AD
KNOWN AS HUNTERS AND GATHERERS
Lived a more settled life. Attentions to death and
burial EFFIGY MOUNDS Invented Bow and Arrow
Early InhabitantsWoodland
1000 B.C. – 1000 A.D. Camps join and form
tribesSeveral hundred familiesCommon ancestry,
customs Begin using Bow and
Arrow Fire pottery for strength Religious ceremonies
impt.Burial mounds filled with
goods
EFFIGY MOUNDS
Rock Eagle in Georgia
BOW AND ARROWWoodland Indians
invented the Bow and Arrow.
Early InhabitantsMississippian
700 A.D. - 1600 Lived in villages Farmed
Maize Beans Pumpkin Squash
Practiced religion Priest Chief
Temple Mound BuildersOcmulgee – Macon Etowah Mound –
Cartersville Ornate clothing Disappeared around 1600
Mississippian Farmers Farmers
Lived a more settled life. Lived near Rivers.
Agriculture: corn, beans, squash, pumpkins, tobacco
Build flat top mounds for burials
Used tattooingTwo sects of Indian tribes
from the Mississippian farmers are Creek and Cherokees.
Flat top mounds in Georgia
Ocmulgee mound
Etowah Indian Mound
Kolomoki Mounds