Early Indian EmpiresEarly Indian Empires

LEARNING GOALS and LEARNING GOALS and QUESTIONSQUESTIONS

Before European influence, India had Before European influence, India had established itself as a major empire with established itself as a major empire with incredible religious, political, and economic incredible religious, political, and economic achievements.achievements.

In an entirely Buddhist and Hindu empire, In an entirely Buddhist and Hindu empire, how was Muslim rule first established in how was Muslim rule first established in India?India?

Mauryan Empire (322-185 BC)Mauryan Empire (322-185 BC)

The Mauryan EmpireThe Mauryan Empire

326 B.C.326 B.C.

Alexander the Great invades India, but leaves Alexander the Great invades India, but leaves soon after due to exhaustion of suppliessoon after due to exhaustion of supplies

The Mauryan EmpireThe Mauryan EmpireAlexander’s attack motivated Alexander’s attack motivated CHANDRAGUPTA CHANDRAGUPTA MAURYAMAURYA to centralize the kingdoms of India and to centralize the kingdoms of India and eliminate the remaining Greek armies.eliminate the remaining Greek armies.

- Used elephants- Used elephants

as a means ofas a means of

cavalrycavalry

AshokaAshokaChandragupta Maurya’s grandson, Chandragupta Maurya’s grandson, __________________, discontinued his __________________, discontinued his grandfather’s trend of expanding the empiregrandfather’s trend of expanding the empire

Horrified by the brutalityHorrified by the brutality

of warfareof warfare

Abandoned fighting andAbandoned fighting and

became Buddhistbecame Buddhist

Ashoka’s AccomplishmentsAshoka’s AccomplishmentsImproved the lives of people; inscribed codes Improved the lives of people; inscribed codes of right conduct on pillars across the empireof right conduct on pillars across the empire

Centralized power and built up tradeCentralized power and built up trade

Sent Buddhist missionaries allSent Buddhist missionaries allover Asia to spread the religionover Asia to spread the religion

To this day, ASHOKA is wildlyTo this day, ASHOKA is wildlypopular in India. Why do you popular in India. Why do you think this is so?think this is so?

Spread of Buddhism under AshokaSpread of Buddhism under Ashoka

The Rise of the Gupta EmpireThe Rise of the Gupta EmpireThe Mauryan Empire declined as Ashoka’s The Mauryan Empire declined as Ashoka’s sons fought for powersons fought for power

Gupta EmpireGupta Empire

Founded by Founded by Chandra Gupta IChandra Gupta I (no relation to (no relation to Chandragupta Maurya)Chandragupta Maurya)

Why do you suppose the India’s territory Why do you suppose the India’s territory shrunk since the Mauryan dynasty?shrunk since the Mauryan dynasty?

HEY! WHAT HAPPENED TO ALL

OUR LAND?!

Gupta RuleGupta Rule

Fair and prosperousFair and prosperous

Religious Tolerance: Religious Tolerance: Rise in HinduismRise in Hinduism

↑↑ TRADE (Outside TRADE (Outside Influence)Influence)

Gupta AdvancesGupta Advances

Code of Manu (established laws for the Code of Manu (established laws for the various castes)various castes)

HINDU-ARABIC NUMERALSHINDU-ARABIC NUMERALS

Sanskrit LanguageSanskrit Language

Indian astronomers found the Earth was Indian astronomers found the Earth was round and revolves around the sun (almost round and revolves around the sun (almost 1,000 years before Europeans discovered the 1,000 years before Europeans discovered the same!)same!)

WORLD HISTORYWORLD HISTORYUpon entering the room, grab a textbook and Upon entering the room, grab a textbook and a worksheet from the table and begin a worksheet from the table and begin completing the side entitled completing the side entitled

““MUGHAL EMPIRE”MUGHAL EMPIRE”

This is an individual assignment…cooperation This is an individual assignment…cooperation will be generously rewardedwill be generously rewarded

MUGHAL EMPIREMUGHAL EMPIRE

After the fall of the Gupta Empire, India After the fall of the Gupta Empire, India broke into a number of small kingdoms.broke into a number of small kingdoms.

Muslim traders settled in Indian towns and Muslim traders settled in Indian towns and lived peaceably with the Hindus and lived peaceably with the Hindus and Buddhists.Buddhists.

Arrival of IslamArrival of Islam

Early 700s: Muslim raiders invade and Early 700s: Muslim raiders invade and conquer the area that is now Pakistan and conquer the area that is now Pakistan and around 1000 AD, pour into Northern India.around 1000 AD, pour into Northern India.

By the 1200s, most of Northern India was By the 1200s, most of Northern India was under Muslim control.under Muslim control.

New GovernmentNew GovernmentMuslims established a new government for Muslims established a new government for Northern India called the Northern India called the ________________________________________

Very tolerant of religion and cultureVery tolerant of religion and culture

A blending of Muslim and IndianA blending of Muslim and Indian cultureculture

Did somebody say, “DELI”?!

Web Quest ActivityWeb Quest Activity

Go to Go to www.skivoland.comwww.skivoland.com

Click on Click on HONORS WORLD CULTURESHONORS WORLD CULTURES (do (do not use the sidebar!!!)not use the sidebar!!!)

Click on Click on LINKSLINKS

Scroll down to the Scroll down to the INDIAINDIA section and click on section and click on TAJ MAHALTAJ MAHAL links links

Delhi SultanateDelhi SultanateRemained strong for almost 300 years!!!Remained strong for almost 300 years!!!

1526 - __________ nicknamed 1526 - __________ nicknamed THE TIGERTHE TIGER

conquered the rulers of Delhiconquered the rulers of Delhi

● ● Began the Began the MUGHAL EMPIREMUGHAL EMPIRE

● ● Descendant of GENGHIS Descendant of GENGHIS KHAN!KHAN!

MUGHAL EMPIREMUGHAL EMPIRE

MUGHAL EMPIREMUGHAL EMPIRE

After BABUR’S death, his grandson took the After BABUR’S death, his grandson took the throne at age 13throne at age 13

_____________ (1542-1605)_____________ (1542-1605)

Regarded as one of theRegarded as one of the

greatest rulers in India’sgreatest rulers in India’s

historyhistory

AKBAR’S ACHIEVEMENTSAKBAR’S ACHIEVEMENTSINCREDIBLE religious tolerance!INCREDIBLE religious tolerance!Increased territory Increased territory

Fair and Just = Increased the Empire’s Fair and Just = Increased the Empire’s wealthwealth

POST-AKBAR INDIAPOST-AKBAR INDIAAfter Akbar, _____________ came to ruleAfter Akbar, _____________ came to rule

Also practiced religious tolerance but came Also practiced religious tolerance but came into conflict with people practicing…into conflict with people practicing…

___________: a blend of Islam and Hinduism___________: a blend of Islam and Hinduism

SIKHISMSIKHISM

Monotheistic, but belief in reincarnationMonotheistic, but belief in reincarnationLife’s GoalLife’s Goal = Break free of the cycle of life and = Break free of the cycle of life and attain unity with Godattain unity with God

Turbans symbolize social equalityTurbans symbolize social equality

Don’t cut their hair orDon’t cut their hair orbeards to honor the beards to honor the human form as createdhuman form as createdby Godby God

JAHANGIR’S SONJAHANGIR’S SON____________ took the throne after his ____________ took the throne after his father passed awayfather passed away

Mughal Empire’s Golden AgeMughal Empire’s Golden Age Period of incredible advances in art and Period of incredible advances in art and

architecturearchitecture

Came at the expense of high taxesCame at the expense of high taxes

Did NOT practice religious toleranceDid NOT practice religious tolerance(he was MUSLIM)(he was MUSLIM)

The TAJ MAHALThe TAJ MAHAL

Indian, Persian, and Muslim architectural Indian, Persian, and Muslim architectural stylesstyles

Tomb for Shah Jahan’s beloved wifeTomb for Shah Jahan’s beloved wife

SHAH JAHANSHAH JAHANNew Capital City = New Capital City = DELHIDELHI

PEACOCK PEACOCK

THRONETHRONE

The Beginning of the EndThe Beginning of the EndAs Shah Jahan became old, his sons fought As Shah Jahan became old, his sons fought for the thronefor the throne

_______________ seized power_______________ seized power Military conquests to expand the empireMilitary conquests to expand the empire INTENSELY MuslimINTENSELY Muslim

Persecuted Hindus and SikhsPersecuted Hindus and Sikhs

DECLINE OF THE MUGHALSDECLINE OF THE MUGHALS

Frequent rebellions broke outFrequent rebellions broke out

Invaders entered from the NorthInvaders entered from the North

British trading colonies began building up British trading colonies began building up and soon India fell under control of the ever and soon India fell under control of the ever expanding BRITISH EMPIREexpanding BRITISH EMPIRE