eacm nov 2015

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IV B.Tech I Semester Regular/Supplementary Examinations, Nov/Dec - 2015

AIR POLLUTION AND CONTROL

(Open Elective)

Time: 3 hours Max. Marks: 75

Answer any FIVE Questions

All Questions carry equal marks

*****

1 a) Describe different sources of air pollution. [8]

b) Discuss the effects of air pollutants on human health in detail.

[7]

2 a) With a neat sketch explain the working of a Fabric filter in removing Air

Pollutants.

[8]

b) What are the different control technologies adopted for reducing oxides of

Sulphur?

[7]

3 a) What are the primary meteorological factors that influence air pollution? [8]

b) What do you mean by atmospheric stability and explain the different types of

inversion.

[7]

4 a) Explain the various important gases in air pollutants and how they affect

mankind.

[8]

b) Explain with neat sketches, how different atmospheric conditions give rise to

different kinds of plumes.

[7]

5 a) What is Photochemical smog? How it forms? Explain. [8]

b) A plate type electrostatic precipitator for use in a cement plant for removing dust

particles consists of 12 equal channels. The spacing between the plates is 0.2m,

and the plates are 2 m high and 2 m long. The unit handles 10000m3/hr of gas.

What is the efficiency of collection? What should be the length of the plates for

achieving 99% collection efficiency if other conditions are the same? Take

particulate migration velocity as 0.1 m/s for pulverized coal fly ash.

[7]

6 a) Describe three types of combustion units used in-at-source control of air

pollution.

[8]

b) Explain the Estimation of Plume rise by using various formulae.

[7]

7 a) Describe with a neat sketch the principle and working of a centrifugal separator. [8]

b) Discuss the Air Pollution dispersion modeling for predicting ambient air pollutant

concentrations.

[7]

8 a) Describe the source correction method of air pollutants. [8]

b) Discuss the emission standards for air quality management. [7]

Code No: R41018 Set No. 1 R10

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(Open Elective)




*****

1 a) Describe in detail the Natural Cycles of Environment [8]


[7]

2 a) What do you mean by Green house effect? What are the substances responsible

for that? Explain the remedial measures for mitigation.

[8]

b) Describe the effect of Air Pollution on Plants and animals.

[7]

3 a) Define Air Pollution. Discuss the sources and classification of air pollution. [8]

b) What are the Primary air pollutants and secondary air pollutants? Explain the

formation of secondary air pollutants.

[7]


b) Define and explain the term sampling? Explain the sampling methods of air

pollutants.

[7]

5 a) With a neat sketch explain the principle of working of an Electrostatic

Precipitator.

[8]

b) Calculate the suspended particulate matter concentration in the ambient air from

the following high volume air sampler data: Average pressure of the day at

station level = 725 mm of Hg, Average temperature = 250C, Actual sampling

time = 12 hrs, Sampling rate at the beginning = 4m3/min, Sampling rate at the

end = 3.5m3/min, Weight of filter paper before exposure = 3.467 g,

Weight of filter paper after exposure = 3.935 g.

[7]

6 a) What are the advantages of “Wet Scrubbers’ over ‘Fabric Filters’? [8]

b) Explain the Estimation of Plume rise by using various formulae?

[7]


b) Discuss the Air Pollution dispersion modeling for predicting ambient air

pollutant concentrations.

[7]

8 a) What do you mean by Automobile Pollution and describe its control methods

with respect to catalytic converter.

[8]

b) Write a note on ambient air quality standards. [7]


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(Open Elective)




*****

1 a) Describe different sources of air pollution. [8]


[7]

2 a) What do you mean by Ozone hole? What are the substances responsible for that?

Explain the remedial measures for mitigation.

[8]

b) Write a note on ambient air quality standards.

[7]

3 a) What are the primary meteorological factors that influence air pollution? [8]

b) Explain causes and effects of inversion of atmosphere.

[7]

4 a) Explain the various important gases in air pollutants and how they affect

mankind.

[8]

b) Explain with neat sketches, how different atmospheric conditions give rise to

different kinds of plumes.

[7]


b) A plate type electrostatic precipitator for use in a cement plant for removing dust

particles consists of 12 equal channels. The spacing between the plates is 0.15m,

and the plates are 3 m high and 2 m long. The unit handles 15000m3/hr of gas.

What is the efficiency of collection? What should be the length of the plates for

achieving 99% collection efficiency if other conditions are the same? Take

particulate migration velocity as 0.1 m/s for pulverized coal fly ash.

[7]

6 a) What are the advantages of “Wet Scrubbers’ over ‘Fabric Filters’? [8]

b) Explain various meteorological factors that affect the dispersion of air pollutants

in atmosphere.

[7]

7 a) Discuss the emission standards for air quality management. [8]

b) Name the global effects of air pollution and state pollutant responsible for

those effects.

[7]

8 a) Write a note on ambient air quality standards. [8]

b) Describe the source correction method of air pollutants. [7]


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(Open Elective)




*****

1 a) What do you mean by pollution? Distinguish between primary pollutants and

secondary pollutants?

[8]

b) Write about the pollutants from mobile sources

[7]

2 a) What do you mean by Green house effect? What are the substances responsible

for that? Explain the remedial measures for mitigation.

[8]

b) What are the primary meteorological factors that influence air pollution?

[7]

3 a) Define Air Pollution. Discuss the sources and classification of air pollution. [8]

b) What are the Primary air pollutants and secondary air pollutants? Explain the

formation of secondary air pollutants.

[7]


b) Define and explain the term sampling? Explain the sampling methods of air

pollutants.

[7]


Precipitator.

[8]

b) A power plant burns 5.45 tones of coal per hour and discharging the combustion

production through a stack at an effective height of 75m. The coal has a sulfur

content of 4.2% and the wind velocity is 4 m/s on a hot summer day at an height

of 10m. Estimate the Ground level concentration of sulfur dioxide in µg/m3

i) along the centre line at a distance of 1.5 Km from the stack

ii) at cross wind distance 50m from the downwind distance 1.5Km.

Take σy = 36m, σz = 36m, α =0.25

[7]


precipitator.

[8]

b) Describe the laboratory analysis of Sulphur-di-oxide, Nitrogen oxide and carbon

monoxide

[7]

7 a) Describe the source correction method of air pollutants. [8]

b) Discuss the emission standards for air quality management.

[7]


b) Discuss the Air Pollution dispersion modeling for predicting ambient air pollutant

concentrations.

[7]


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ENERGY AUDIT, CONSERVATION & MANAGEMENT

(Open Elective)




*****

1 a) What is energy audit? What are the different types of audit? [8]

b) What is a load profile? Explain about different types of load profile.

[7]

2 a) Explain clearly about principles of energy management. [8]

b) Discuss the qualities and functions of an energy manager.

[7]

3 a) Explain the term luminous efficiency. [7]

b) How the existing lighting system is replaced for the improvement?

[8]

4 a) Compare the features of static capacitor and synchronous condenser used for

power factor correction.

[8]

b) Discuss the effect of non linear loads on power factor.

[7]

5 a) Explain the principle of operation of a watt-hour meter. [8]

b) Discuss the applications of power analyzer.

[7]

6 a) Discuss the energy conservation aspects in air conditioning system. [8]

b) Discuss the principles used in space heating methods.

[7]

7 a) Discuss the principle of life cycle costing analysis with an example. [8]

b) Discuss the concept of energy efficient motors.

[7]

8 a) Discuss the disadvantages of energy efficient lighting systems. [8]

b) Discuss the disadvantages of energy efficient motors. [7]


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(Open Elective)




*****

1 a) What is an energy audit? Explain the significance of energy audit. [8]

b) Explain the terms energy index and cost index with examples.

[7]

2 a) Discuss the planning aspects of energy management program. [8]

b) Discuss the controlling aspects of energy management.

[7]

3 a) Explain the significance of polar curve. [8]

b) Discuss the principle of operation of a fluorescent tube light.

[7]

4 a) Discuss the vector diagram for a system where capacitor improves the power

factor.

[8]

b) Define harmonics. Discuss the effect of harmonics on the system power factor.

[7]

5 a) Discuss the principles of operation of a data logger. [8]

b) Discuss the applications of a tong tester.

[7]

6 a) Discuss the different space heating methods. [8]

b) Discuss the energy efficient water heating systems.

[7]

7 a) Discuss the principle of present worth method with an example. [8]

b) Discuss the merits and demerits of time value of money.

[7]

8 a) Discuss the technologies adopted in energy efficient lighting systems. [8]

b) Explain the concept return on investment. [7]


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(Open Elective)




*****

1 a) Explain the energy audit in the perspective of educational institution. [8]

b) Explain the significance of pie-chart.

[7]

2 a) Discuss the principles of energy management. [8]

b) Explain the functions of energy manager.

[7]

3 a) Discuss the principle of operation of a LED light with diagrams. [8]

b) Compare the features of incandescent lamp and fluorescent lamp.

[7]

4 a) Explain the procedure for location of capacitors for improvement of power

factor.

[8]

b) What is a synchronous condenser? Explain its application for improvement of

the power factor.

[7]

5 a) Explain the principle of operation of a thermo couple. [8]

b) Explain the applications of a pyrometer.

[7]

6 a) Discuss the principle of air conditioning. [8]

b) Discuss the energy conservation aspects in ventilation of a house.

[7]

7 a) Explain rate of return method with an example. [8]

b) Discuss the merits and demerits of time value of money.

[7]

8 a) Discuss one application of life cycle costing analysis. [8]

b) Discuss the advantages of energy efficient motors. [7]


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(Open Elective)




*****

1 a) Explain the advantages of energy audit. [8]

b) List the types of energy conservation methods and discuss their merits and

demerits.

[7]

2 a) What is an energy management? Explain the importance of energy

management.

[8]

b) Discuss the qualities of a top management.

[7]

3 a) Discuss about the flood lighting scheme. [8]

b) Discuss about conservation measures in lighting schemes.

[7]

4 a) Explain the necessity for improvement of the power factor. [8]

b) Discuss the application of static capacitors for improvement of the power

factor.

[7]

5 a) Discuss the principle of operation of a pyrometer. [8]

b) Explain the principle of operation of a Lux meter.

[7]

6 a) Discuss the various principles used in the heating of buildings. [8]

b) Discuss the energy conservation aspects associated with heating in buildings.

[7]

7 a) What is time value of money? Explain with an example. [8]

b) Explain the applications of rate of return method.

[7]

8 a) Discuss the features of energy efficient motors. [8]

b) Discuss the qualities of an energy efficient lighting. [7]


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MICRO ELECTRO MECHANICAL SYSTEMS

(Open Elective)




*****

1 a) With the help of suitable diagram explain etching process. [5]

b) What is lithography? With the help of suitable diagrams explain various

lithographic techniques.

[10]

2 a) Explain the various sensing mechanisms in detail. [10]

b) What factors are affecting flow and pressure measurement by micro phone?

[5]

3 a) How do thermally activated MEMS relay works? [9]

b) Elucidate the basics of heat transfer process.

[6]

4 a) Is beam splitter a light modulator? Discuss the reasons. [7]

b) Define the terms: i) Reflection ii) Refraction

iii) Interference iv) Polarization

[8]

5 a) With suitable diagram, explain the principle of operation of magneto resistive

sensor.

[10]

b) State the applications of Magnetic MEMS actuators

[5]

6 a) Write short notes on cantilever resonators. [8]

b) Give exclusive applications of phase shifter.

[7]

7 a) Draw a schematic diagram of a diaphragm based micro pump. [8]

b) Discuss the applications of micro fluidic systems.

[7]

8 a) Explain the principle of operation of mass-sensitive chemo sensor [8]

b) Write short notes on e-nose. [7]


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(Open Elective)




*****

1 a) Describe various steps in surface micro machining with neat sketches. [7]

b) Describe various steps in LIGA process with a neat block diagram.

[8]

2 List out various actuation methods used in MEMS. Describe the

principles of any two methods with neat sketches.

[15]

3 a) What is the function of MEMS thermo vessel chip? What are the basic design

requirements of most of micro thermo vessels?

[8]

b) Write short notes on data storage cantilever.

[7]

4 a) How many types of MEMS micro lens do you know? Explain their design

features.

[8]

b) Write short notes on micro mirror.

[7]

5 Comprehensively discuss the principle of operation of magnetic probe based

storage device.

[15]

6 a) What is an inductor? What types of MEMS inductors do you know [7]

b) Describe the principle and operation of radio frequency MEM systems.

[8]

7 With the suitable diagrams, explain the principles of following:

(i) Dielectro phoresis

(ii) Opto electro wetting

[15]

8 Write short notes on following:

(i) fluorescence detection

(ii) Sensing mechanism

(iii) Calorimetric spectroscopy.

[15]


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(Open Elective)




*****

1 a) Explain various deposition methods used in micro fabrication and explain any

one.

[8]

b) Define and discuss the diffusion process used in MEMS industry.

[7]

2 a) With suitable diagram, describe in detail the principle of Inchworm

Technology.

[8]

b) List out the physical parameters that can be sensed by using sensory devices

[7]

3 Write short notes on following;

(i) Thermistors

(ii) Thermo Devices

(iii) Thermo couple and Thermo pile

[15]

4 a) What is wave guide? Show different types of wave guides. [8]

b) Discuss the applications of MOEMS devices.

[7]

5 Discuss the principle of operation and construction of a typical micro plate type

MEMS magnetic sensor.

[15]

6 a) What is varactor? List the advantages of MEMS varactor over the traditional

varactor.

[7]

b) Mention some of the design scenarios of RF MEMS you know.

[8]

7 a) What are three important parameters, which are considered while designing the

micro fluidic systems?

[8]

b) What are the kinds of fluid actuation methods? Explain any one.

[7]

8 a) Write down the principle of operation of a simple biochemical sensor. [8]

b) Write short notes on chemotransistors. [7]


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(Open Elective)




*****

1 a) Give a history of MEMS manufacturing process. [7]

b) Discuss in brief structural and sacrificial materials with their examples.

[8]

2 a) How does MEMS gyroscope works. [10]

b) What do you meant by piezoelectricity?

[5]

3 a) Write short notes on micro plate type gas sensor. [8]

b) Discuss the principle of peltier effect heat pump.

[7]

4 Explain the principle of operation of various types of optical switches used in

optical communication systems.

[15]

5 a) Distinguish between magneto transistors and magnetic diodes. [7]

b) State and explain any one type of magnetic actuator with neat sketch.

[8]

6 a) Briefly discuss about resonator and filter. [8]

b) What are the limitations and advantages of radio frequency MEMS based

communication systems?

[7]

7 Write short notes on the following:

(i) Electro osmosis flow

(ii) electro thermal flow

(iii) Micro fluid dispenser

[15]

8 a) With suitable schematic diagram, explain the principle and operation of

chemocapacitor.

[10]

b) What do you meant by chem.-lab-on-a-chip (CLOC)? [5]


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BIO-MEDICAL ENGINEERING (Open Elective)




*****

1 a) Describe the man-instrument with a neat sketch. [8]

b) What are the different bioelectric potentials? Explain.

[7]

2 a) What are biochemical transducers? Explain. [8]

b) Describe the principle of operation of electrode with platinum cathode.

[7]

3 a) What are the different types of ECG recorders? Explain. [8]

b) Draw the different ECG lead configurations and explain.

[7]

4 a) Give the physiology of the respiratory system. [8]

b) Describe the working principle of respiratory therapy equipment.

[7]

5 a) What are the elements of intensive-care monitoring? Explain. [8]

b) Describe how the hospital is organized for patient-care monitoring.

[7]

6 a) Explain the working of ophthalmology instruments. [8]

b) Describe the operation of tonometer.

[7]

7 a) What are the principles of ultrasonic measurement? [8]

b) Explain how the telemetry principle is used for ECG measurements during

exercise.

[7]

8 a) Describe the working of biopotential amplifiers. [8]

b) What are the methods of accident prevention? [7]


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*****

1 a) What are the basic objectives of any medical instrumentation system? Explain. [8]

b) Write notes on the following bioelectric potentials:

i. ECG

ii. EEG

iii. EMG

[7]

2 a) What are the transducers for biomedical applications? Explain. [8]

b) Distinguish between passive and active transducers.

[7]

3 a) Draw the block diagram showing ECG building blocks. [8]

b) What are the abbreviations and color codes used for EKG electrodes?

[7]

4 a) Explain how the lung function is measured. [8]

b) What are the most common parameters measured in spirometry?

[7]

5 Write brief notes on

a) Internal pacemakers [8]

b) External pacemakers [7]

6 Write notes on the following terms:

a) Biomaterials [8]

b) Stimulators

[7]

7 a) Write notes on X-ray and radio-isotope instrumentation. [8]

b) Write notes on telemetry for emergency patient monitoring.

[7]

8 a) What are the various shock hazards from electrical equipment? [8]

b) What are the physiological effects of electrical shock? [7]


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Time : 3 hours Max. Marks: 75



*****

1 a) Describe the cross section of a depolarized cell during an action potential. [8]

b) What is action potential? Describe the process of propagation of action

potential.

[7]

2 a) Give the examples of electrodes. What is the basic principle of transducer? [8]

b) Write notes on i) Pulse sensors ii) Respiration sensors

[7]

3 a) Draw the different EKG lead configurations. [8]

b) Describe the working principle of magnetic blood flow meter.

[7]

4 Write notes on the following:

a) Plethysmograph

[8]

b) Ventilators

[7]

5 a) Draw the circuit diagram of DC defibrillator and explain its operation. [8]

b) What are the radio frequency applications for therapeutic use?

[7]

6 a) Explain the working of audiometers and hearing aids. [8]

b) What are electrophysiological tests? Expalin.

[7]

7 a) What are the different implantable units? Explain. [8]

b) What are the different physiological parameters adaptable to biotelemetry?

[7]

8 a) Explain how the isolated power distribution system is used to prevent shock

hazards.

[8]

b) Write short notes on monitors and recorders. [7]


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*****

1 a) Explain the following terms: i) Resting potential ii) Action potential [8]

b) What are the components of man-instrument system?

[7]

2 a) Give the transduction principle of a transducer. [8]

b) What are the transducers with digital output? Explain.

[7]

3 a) Describe the working principle of magnetic blood flow meter. [8]

b) What are different methods of direct BP measurement? Explain.

[7]

4 Write notes on the following:

a) Spirometry [7]

b) Nebulizers

[8]

5 a) What is fibrillation? Describe the working principle of defibrillators. [8]

b) What are the elements of intensive-care unit? Explain.

[7]

6 a) What are clinical laboratory instruments? Explain. [8]

b) Describe how eye pressure is measured.

[7]

7 a) What do you mean by ultrasonic imaging? Expalin. [8]

b) Write notes on MRI.

[7]

8 a) Describe the working principle of biopotential amplifiers. [8]

b) What are the different types of recorders? Explain. [7]


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OPEN SOURCE SOFTWARE

(Open Elective)




*****

1 a) What is Linux? Explain the significance of Linux over other open source

operating systems.

[8]

b) What is shell? Explain various types of shells in Linux operating system.

[7]

2 a) Explain the system calls related to process scheduling. [8]

b) Write a short note on “generating signals”.

[7]

3 a) What is MySQL? Describe the basic commands to initiate a MySQL connection. [8]

b) Briefly discuss about Generating Summary.

[7]

4 a) Explain the basic grammar and structure of a PHP script. [8]

b) Describe the way to embed PHP in HTML with a suitable example.

[7]

5 a) How Security and Templates can be implemented using PHP. [7]

b) What are the Debugging techniques should know by PHP programmer.

[8]

6 a) Explain the control loops in Python and explain with syntax. [8]

b) How can we pass optional or keyword parameters from one function to another

in Python?

[7]

7 a) Explain how can we create modules in Python. What are the uses of modules? [8]

b) With a neat sketch say how the dictionaries are compared in Python.

[7]

8 Explain Perl’s regular expressions and string manipulation functions. [15]


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(Open Elective)




*****

1 a) What is open source? Explain the significance of open source software and its

applications in detail.

[8]

b) Write about the segmentation in Linux.

[7]

2 a) What are signals and explain various signals handling mechanism in Linux? [8]

b) What is process synchronization? Explain spin locks in detail.

[7]

3 a) Brief the features of My SQL with suitable examples. [8]

b) Write a short note on Record selection Technology.

[7]

4 a) Write a PHP script that accepts a temperature value in Celsius (C) through a

Webform and converts it to the Fahrenheit (F) scale. The conversion formula to

use is: F = (9/5) * C + 32.

[8]

b) Briefly write about the control statements in PHP.

[7]

5 a) What are the steps involved in creating connection with MYSQL database using

PHP?

[8]

b) How Sending and receiving E-mails can be achieved? Explain with an example.

[7]

6 a) Explain the built-in string handling functions in Python. [8]

b) Explain how to make Forms in python.

[7]

7 a) Explain the Errors and Exception Handling in PYTHON programming

Environment.

[8]

b) What is a class? How Python can facilitate encapsulation to the programmers?

Give an example

[7]

8 a) What are modules? How they are created and used in Perl? [8]

b) Write short note on : “conversion between bases” [7]

Code No:R41057 Set No. 2 R10

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(Open Elective)


Answer any Five Questions


*****

1 a) Discuss the significance of open sources with respect to today's (4)

requirements.

[7]

b) Describe the general operating systems structure.

[8]

2 a) Explain the XFS File System and its properties. [8]

b) What is the use of cloning? Explain how to implement using LINUX.

[7]

3 a) Define Metadata and explain it with example. [8]

b) Write a short note on sequences in MYSQL.

[7]

4 a) Write a PHP script to display the values entered into a Web form that contains:

●One text input field ●One text area ●One hidden field

●One password field ●One selection list ●Two radio buttons

●Two checkboxes

[8]

b) Write a short note on PHP variables.

[7]

5 a) Write a PHP program to built customer error handlers. [10]

b) How can you differentiate LDAP with MYSQL?

[5]

6 a) Write a sample program and explain the role of interpreter of Python. [8]

b) What is Python? State some programming language features of Python.

[7]

7 a) Describe about File I/O operations in Python. [8]

b) Explain Python Execution Environment in detail.

[7]

8 a) Explain the PERL’s While loops with suitable examples. [6]

b) Explain about the Data Manipulation functions in Perl. [9]


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(Open Elective)




*****

1 a) Write about LINUX file system and its organization. [8]

b) Briefly explain LINUX file system related system calls.

[7]

2 a) Describe the development with LINUX. [8]

b) Write a short note on “LINUX execution personalities”.

[7]

3 a) Describe the number of ways of Sorting Query Results using MYSQL. [8]

b) Write about Date and Time functions in MYSQL.

[7]

4 Explain PHP’s built-in string and numeric functions.

[15]

5 a) Describe PHP Connectivity in detail. [8]

b) Why LDAP is called light weight? Explain LDAP information model.

[7]

6 a) What is constructor? Explain the constructor (method) overloading concept in

detail.

[8]

b) Explain the following terms:

i) Lists

ii) Tuples

iii) Dictionaries

[7]

7 a) Explain about OOPs principles of Python. [8]

b) What is inheritance? Explain the types of inheritance with neat diagrams.

[7]

8 a) Explain the basic features of PERL. [7]

b) Write about PERL’s here documents and arrays. [8]


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Code No: N0404/R05 Set No. 1

IV B.Tech I Semester Supplementary Examinations, Nov/Dec 2015MICRO CONTROLLERS AND APPLICATIONS

( Common to Electronics & Communication Engineering, Bio-MedicalEngineering and Electronics & Telematics)

Time: 3 hours Max Marks: 80Answer any FIVE Questions

All Questions carry equal marks? ? ? ? ?

1. How does a serial data buffer can communicates data serially. [16]

2. (a) Write short notes on SFRS.

(b) Write in detail about the instruction SJMP. [8+8]

3. (a) Write a program to transfer data from register to pin 1.7 in the given program.

(b) Write a short notes of transferring data of a RAM using bit addresses. [8+8]

4. Assuming that XTAL=4MHz indicate why the TFO flag in raised for the followingprogram.

MOV TMOD, #01MOV TLO, #04HMOV THO, #12H. [16]

5. (a) Explain programming and interface for an LCD display controller which hastwo lines and sixteen characters in each line.

(b) Describe IEEE 488 bus signals and timings. [8+8]

6. (a) What are the advantages of dividing an application into multiple tasks? Whatis a task control block?

(b) Explain the mailbox. Show how a task sends message to another task waitingfor the message to start. Also show how a task sends a message pointer toanother task waiting for that to start [6+10]

7. (a) What is an internal RAM in microcontroller? How does it differ from theaddressable registers in a microcontroller 80196. Do these occupy a commonspace?

(b) What are the differences between a Harvard architecture and a Princetonarchitecture? Is it possible to have externally a processor priceton architecturefor its buses and internally the Harvard architucture? [8+8]

8. (a) Explain different data processing instructions in ARM 7 (with examples).

(b) What is Barrel shifter? How does it increase the speed of execution in ARMprocessor. [10+6]

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eacm nov 2015

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