e34 : muon g-2/edm at j-parc
TRANSCRIPT
E34 : Muon g-2/EDM at J-PARC the 16th J-PARC PAC meeting
January 9-11, 2013, KEK/J-PARC
On behalf of the Collaboration
Naohito SAITO (KEK / J-PARC)
Collaboration (today’s snap shot) n 98 members (was 92 at PAC13 …still evolving) n 21 Institutions n Academy of Science, BNL, BINP, CRNS-APC, UC Riverside, Charles U., KEK,
NIRS, UNM, Osaka U., PMCU, RCNP, STFC RAL, RIKEN, Rikkyo U., SUNYSB, CRC Tohoku, U. Tokyo, TITech, TRIUMF, U. Victoria
n 7 countries n Czech, USA, Russia, Japan, UK, Canada, France
2
CM6 (November 1-3, 2012) n Progress Report from All Areas
3
Kanda (M2) Meets Prof. Kinoshita n Physics connects a half-century gap in age
4
History of the Collaboration n LOI submitted at the 8th PAC (17-19, July, 2009) n Proto-Collaboration Meeting (27, November, 2009) n Proposed at the 9th PAC (15-17, Jan., 2010)
n Received strong encouragement and support for further R&D n The 1st CM (8-9, June, 2010)
n Updates presented at the 10th PAC (16-18, July, 2010) n PAC asked more detailed schedule with a set of milestones:
n The 2nd CM (9-10, Dec., 2010)
n “Response” submitted at 11th PAC (14-16, Jan. 2011) n The 3rd CM (29-30, June, 2011)
n Status Report at the 12th PAC (8-10, July, 2011) n Mini-CM (7, September, 2011) n The 4th CM (10-12, November, 2011)
n CDR Presented at the 13th PAC (13-15, January, 2012) n Stage-1 recommended to IPNS Director
n “Muon at MLF” at the 14th PAC (15-17, March, 2012) n The 5th CM (28-30, June, 2012) n Progress Report at the 15th PAC (13-15, July, 2012)
n Stage-1 status granted by the IPNS Director
n The 6th CM (1-3, November, 2012) 5
~ 3 years from Proto-Collaboration Meeting and Proposal Submission
Outline
n Physics and Experimental Method n Current status of R&D Activities n Summary
6
“Final Report” from BNL E821
n E821 at BNL-AGS measured down to 0.7 ppm for both µ+ and µ-
n 3.4 sigma deviation from the SM n SM prediction
OK? n New Physics?
n Need to explore further
n Preferably NEW METHOD!
!
"aµ( today) = aµ
(Exp) # aµ(SM) = (295 ± 88) $10#11
Updates on the SM Prediction
8
n CODATA updated lambda value (2006)
n New e+e- data analysis
n KLOE and Babar n Still > 3 sigma
deviation from the SM n VEPP-2000 n Super KEKB to come
“Tension” with LHC Data n Δχ2 increases significantly when (g-2)µ data
included in the NP based phenomenological fit
9
The CMSSM and NUHM1 in Light of 7 TeV LHC, B_s to mu+mu- and XENON100 Data. O. Buchmueller, R. Cavanaugh, M. Citron, A. De Roeck, M.J. Dolan, J.R. Ellis, H. Flacher, S. Heinemeyer, G. Isidori, J. Marrouche et al.. Jul 2012. 27 pp. Published in Eur.Phys.J. C72 (2012) 2243
Origin of EDM M.Pospelov and A.Ritz, Ann.Phys. 318 (2005) 119
10
g-2, EDM and cLFV n Large g-2 à Large cLFV à Large EDM
11
G. Isidori, F. Mescia, P. Paradisi, and D. Temes, PRD 75 (2007) 115019
J. Hisano, Nagai, Paradisi
Current limit by MEG 2.4 x 10-12
< 10−13(blue)Br(µ→ eγ)
< 10−11(green)Br(µ→ eγ)
A Large Muon EDM from Flavor? Gudrun Hiller, (CERN & Dortmund U.) , Katri Huitu, Timo Ruppell, (Helsinki U. & Helsinki Inst. of Phys.) , Jari Laamanen, (Nijmegen U.) . e-Print: arXiv:1008.5091 [hep-ph]
n Muon EDM is enhanced due to LFV
12
!
µ = M ˜ A
Parameter to describe the Flavor mixing in the Slepton sector
Measured in g-2 experiment n “Inclusive” precession frequency
n Experimental limit of EDM is in the similar range!
13
!
" = "a2 +"#
2
!
! " a = #
em
aµ
! B
Courtesy by T. Shietinger
Bird’s eye photo in Feb. 2008
D-Line
U-Line S-Line
15
Resonant Laser Ionization of Muonium (~106 µ+/s)
3 GeV proton beam ( 333 uA)
Surface muon beam (28 MeV/c, 4x108/s)
Muonium Production (300 K ~ 25 meV) Super Precision Magnetic Field
(3T, ~1ppm local precision)
Silicon Tracker
66 cm diameter
Magic vs “New Magic” n Complimentary!
22 14m diameter
BNL/Fermilab Approach J-PARC Approach
17
Resonant Laser Ionization of Muonium (~106 µ+/s)
Graphite target (20 mm)
3 GeV proton beam ( 333 uA)
Surface muon beam (28 MeV/c, 4x108/s)
Muonium Production (300 K ~ 25 meV⇒2.3 keV/c)
Muon LINAC (300 MeV/c)
Super Precision Magnetic Field (3T, ~1ppm local precision)
Silicon Tracker
66 cm diameter
EDM
g-2
BNL, FNAL, and J-PARC n Complimentary!
18
BNL-E821 Fermilab J-PARC
Muon momentum 3.09 GeV/c 0.3 GeV/c
gamma 29.3 3
Storage field B=1.45 T 3.0 T
Focusing field Electric quad None
# of detected µ+ decays 5.0E9 1.8E11 1.5E12
# of detected µ- decays 3.6E9 - -
Precision (stat) 0.46 ppm 0.1 ppm 0.1 ppm
Spin Flipper!
Milestones in the CDR (shown at PAC13)
n Demonstration of UCM Production n 1e6µ+/sec or >1% conversion efficiency
n Muon acceleration test n RFQ and IH
n Prototyping Precision Magnet n Control local precision < 1ppm
n Injection and Kicker n With low-E electron
n High-rate tracker n Verify the time response upto > 1 MHz /strip
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H-Line at MLF
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n Mission Complete by MUSE Group!
HB1
Cabling must be completed before HB1 is highly activated. HB1: ~300 µSv/h in 2013.
Muon Source
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µ+
Muonium Target
TRIUMF-S1249 : search for muonium emitting material at room temp.
TRIUMF-M15 beamline Goals are to examine materials at room temp. Ø Muonium production rate Ø Muonium distribution in vacuum
e-
e+
e+ MWDC NaI
µ+ Decay in vacuum
Slide by T. Mibe
Space-time distribution of Mu
n Silica plate data is used to estimate the background distribution.
n Enhancement in aerogel data is due to Mu emission in vacuum.
n Such Mu signals are observed in all aerogel densities.
n No strong density dependence was observed in online analysis.
23
● Aerogel 27mg/cc ● Silica plate
Distance from target surface
Reconstructed decay vertex position
Target surface
New 2011 data
Slide by T. Mibe
Mu Production at J-PARC Y. Nagashima et al.
-200 -100 0 100 2000.0
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0µs ~ 1µs
1µs ~ 2µs
2µs ~ 3µs
3µs ~ 4µs
zt (mm)
N(zt, 2300K)/N(zt, R.T.)n Hot W, then other materials
by Kanda
zt
Plot by Nagatomo & Suzuki
MUSE D-Line
Laser System
25
Coherent Lyman-αGeneration System
Regen. amp.
1~2 mJ
Intermid. amp.
~100 mJ
Yb fiberamplifier
100kHz Modulator
100kHz 50 nJ 2.0 ns
Power amp.
~1 J
SHGby LBO
SHGby CLBO SFG
by CLBO
250 mJ
100 mJ
50 mJ
500 mJ265.7nm531.4nm
DFB laser!1062.78 nm cw
Omega 1!212.556nm
DFB laser
820 or 840nmSeeded OPO
SHGby LBO
OPA
212.55 nm820 nm
122.09 nmMuon Lyman-!
212.55 nm
Kr 4p6
Kr 4p55p
Omega 2!820.39nm
Advanced Science Institute, RIKEN
Slide by RIKEN Group
Regeneration Amplifier and its Output Advanced Science Institute, RIKEN
・Nd dope : 1.0 at% ・Crystal size : 4×4 10t (YSAG and YGAG) ・Round trip time : 14 ns ・End mirror : ROC=1500mm ・Pump LD : Fiber delivered 808 nm qcw 25Hz 200µsec
Nd:YGAG
Output wavelength : 1062.78 nmMaximum energy : 2.4 mJ@25 mJ pump (limited by parasitic osc.)
2 mm
Beam Profile
Slide by RIKEN Group
Middle Amplifier and its Output Advanced Science Institute, RIKEN
Input pulse energy : 2.0 mJ (from Regenerative Amplifier) Gain material : 1% Nd:YSAG (ø4.0 mm × 80 mmL) Pump wavelength : 808.5 nm Maximum Output Energy: 80 mJ/pulse Slide by RIKEN Group
OMEGA 1 Nonlinear Freq. Conversion
LBO1062nm→531nm
BBO531nm→265nm
BBO265+1062→212nm
BaF2 Prism
Fluorescence imageof 212 nm beam
Advanced Science Institute, RIKEN
出力エネルギー: ≈ 1 mJ パルス幅: 2 ns
Slide by RIKEN Group
Kr/Ar Chamber for Lyman-αProduction
LiF prismKr + Ar mixture
MgF2 window
122 nm
Monochromator
!1,!2 : 100 mJ : 1 ns
PKr = 105 Pa PAr = 5.95 ! 105 Pa :240 "m
22.5 cm #50 "J O. A. Louchev, P. Bakule, N. Saito, S. Wada, K. Yokoyama, K. Ishida, and M. Iwasaki, Phys. Rev. A 84, 033842 (2011).
Advanced Science Institute, RIKEN
Muon LINAC
31
42.3 MeV β≈0.7
0.34 MeV β≈0.08
CDS (1300MHz)
Interdigita-‐H (324 MHz) μe-‐
5.1 MeV β≈0.3
RFQ (324 MHz)
Middle-‐β Low-‐β
Baseline for g-‐2 accelerator 200 MeV β≈0.94
Disk loaded structure (1300MHz)
High-‐β
5.6 keV β≈0.01
Bunching Section
Bunching Section High hunt impedance
External coupling structure for low-β
Similar to electron accelerator to obtain high gradient.
IniOal AcceleraOon + RFQ
• Designed for β=0.01 (50keV for H-‐ , 5.68keV for µ-‐)
• Field factor = 0.114, Power factor = 0.013 (350 kW for H-‐, only 4.5 kW for µ-‐)
J-‐PARC RFQ
target
1st electrode
2nd electrode
3rd electrode
4th electrode
ε = 245 µm mrad βγε= 2.4 µm mrad
βγε= 2.9 µm mrad
RFQ output:
By Artikova & Yoshida
・ Input muon profile at Z=0.
・ Set triple Quadrupole Magnets and RFQ in a line.
・ Estimated field factor of RFQ is 0.11. (Fieldfactor means Multiplication factor for muon simulation.) 34
Simulation of the RFQ Linac�
RFQ (324MHz)
Z
X Q Q Q
Loss:24.7%
Loss:17.1%
Beam transmission : 58.2 [%]
Energy : 5.6 [keV] ⇒ 0.34 [MeV]
Acceleration time : 690 [nS]
(Including drift time)
～0.35[T/m]
Field factor : 0.11
Y
X Simulation condition
IH-DTL with APF scheme �
The Latest Design IH-DTL with Alternating Phase Focusing
-‐15
-‐10
-‐5
0
5
10
15
E MV/m
Z mm
Optimizing E-‐field (with APF)
Detail and Result parameters Frequency : 324.0MHz IH Length : 1470mm Number of gaps : 18gaps Energy : 340keV ⇒ 3.4MeV Transmission : 100% Acceleration time : 30nS N_Emittance: 2.0mm-mrad
‐ Electric Field (EM-field Analysis Result) ‐ Electric Field (Synchronous Particle Feel)
RFQ
IH Bohr Radius
Muon LINAC test : Layout at U-Line n Tight ! à H-Line
36
U-Line for Ultra-Slow Muon for Material and Life Science
preliminary
n Degrader will be used for acceleration test instead of UCM
n RFQ & RF source is ready.
n I-H cavity is ready.
Muon LINAC Schedule (subject to budget) F3 F4 F1 F2 F3 F4 F1 F2 F3 F4 F1 F2 F3 F4 F1
Area Task ItemMuon Source
DesignMuon ProductionDegraderLaser Ionization
Initial AccelerationDesignVacuum chamber and electrodeComissioning 6
RFQSimulationInstallationCommissioning
I-‐HOptimizationCavityInstallationCommissioning 6
Middle-‐betaDesignRFStructure 4 6
High-‐betaDesignRFStructure 4 6
JFY2013 JFY2014 JFY2015 JFY2014Calendar Year CY2012 CY2013 CY2014 CY2015 CY2014
MonthJapanese Fiscal Year JFY2012
test
Muon Injection & Magnet
Image of beam injecOon into the storage volume
13/01/10 39
Upper plate (pure iron)
Return yoke (pure iron, cylindrical shape)
Pole Op (pure iron)
Main coil
¼ model (OPERA)
From LINAC & transport line
Super conducOve solenoid magnet • Main field 3 T • 3m in height • Outer radius of iron yoke; 2m
Tunnel
13/01/10 40
Slide by Sasaki
Pulsed current
2pairs of coil
Required field: Pulsed axial radial magneOc field Bkick(t)=Bpeak ×sin(ωt) ω=π/Tkick
ü Stop beam vertical motion 7~9mrad ü Peak magnetic field：
• 1 ~ 10 gauss ü Time profile：
• Tkick=150 nsec (c.f. 20turns) ü Space profile：
• 1% uniformity in radial 33cm±5mm • ±10cm in solenoid axis
I(t)=Ipeak ×sin(ωt) ω=π/Tkick
Ipeak ∼100A/coil cm
R=33.3cm Ex.：Set coils at
±30cm in height. We obtain good radial field
within verOcal volume of
±10cm 13/01/10 41
Slide by Hiromi
Pulsed high current supply
13/01/10 42
10W +20kV DC
1MΩ
+20kV , 1nF
3µH
Thyratron switch
Current Transfer
+
G
Kicker coil
Input 15kV
8V à80A/coil
Signal of CT
Inner and outer coils
200nsec
Slide by Hiromi
A first look of field measurement (status report from kicker test bench)
13/01/10 43
Supported by Grand-‐in-‐Aid: Kakenhi
Prof. Nakayama H. Iinuma
My son
Memorial photo of the day of the first successful field measurement!
2012/08/23 SIT48 members from a private company “H”
Slide by Hiromi
Now and next things Next • Find a good soluOon to reduce inductance
AND keep field strength by use of aluminum or cupper plates, etc.
• Try beoer core for EMC noise reducOon. And next …. (I will be back) • Try actual conductor (inductance may
change )
13/01/10 44
Thanks!
Now • Kicker test bench works are
going very well • spaOal field distribuOon is
reasonable • Half-‐sign Ome distribuOon is
obtained, but need to reduce it’s period down to factor 123.
Currently we use “Silicone rubber insulated coaxial cables” for our safety. In the real experiment, we use hollow conductor or simple cupper pipe.
Slide by Hiromi
Detector
Development of Front-‐end ASIC • Main features
– fast shaping – 5ns Ome stamp for 40us
• First prototype (16ch) showed required performance can be achieved with present design strategy.
• 64ch version is now under design for next prototype
~100ns
analog out
test pulse (3fC) Evaluation board
Analog part Digital part
Slide by Mibe
Super-‐stable frequency standard • High-‐stable frequency standard is
required for the experiment (Δf/f << 10E-‐9).
• The Rb-‐atom frequency standard with feedback correcOons from GPS as well NMIJ saOsfies the stability requirement.
• A test of clock distribuOon has been started with FPGA + 10GbE serial link, providing confidence of distribuOng stable clock over the system.
47
Phase noise analyzer
FPGA (TX) FPGA (RX)
Slide by Mibe
other detector R&Ds • SystemaOc survey of source of
error B-‐field in detector components with NMR system
• Development of iron-‐free DC-‐DC converter – ~10kHz switching, high power
applicaOon limited – Demonstrated proof-‐of-‐
principle with prototype
• Silicon sensor assembly – ParOcipated in Belle-‐II SVD
assembly R&D
Belle-II SVD assembly lab at IPMU
Slide by Mibe
Schedule n Need to be competitive with Fermilab g-2 which
starts in 2016.
49
JFY2012 JFY2014 JFY2016 JFY2013 JFY2015 JFY2017
H-Line
Muon Source
Initial Acc
Laser RFQ / IH
Hi-β LINAC
Hi Precision Magnet
Kicker System
Detector
Originally…
Funding ! n Budget request from KEK/J-PARC for could start only at
JFY17 n Muon Beamlines S&H may start with suppl. budget JFY12 to be
completed in JFY14 n Grant-in-Aid : Kakenhi
n (Mu HFS R&D by Shimomura-san, Matsuda-san ) n Beam Injection by Iinuma-san n Field Measurement by Sasaki-san n Calibration system for S1249 by Ueno-san n ”Slow Muon”: All-Japan Muon Team led by Torikai-san n Muon LINAC under “Slow Muon” by Hayashizaki-san
n Detector part is applied ! ( takes three years ) n JSPS International
n Sakura Japan-France Collaboration: by Tsutomu-Wilfrid n KEK International Funding
n US-Japan : H-Line support and BPM for g-2/EDM approved n Seeking for more international cooperation! 50
US-‐Japan Precision field measurement with NMR Recycling steel shielding blocks
Absolute calibration probe used in previous g-2/HFS experiment.
Slide by Mibe
Summary n R&D basing on the Milestones endorsed at PAC13 is
moving ahead! n There are progress in all fronts of activities
n Muon Source n Mu Production at J-PARC started! n Laser started to “Lase”
n Magnet design and coil prototyping in progress à need test fabrication
n Muon LINAC test in progress à moved to H-Line n Spin Flipper for Controlling Systematics (esp. for EDM) n Detector : the first prototype is readout and will be applied to beam
n We appreciate continual STRONG support by the PAC and the LAB towards timely realization of the experiment n Fermilab g-2 starts in 2016
52
Bakups
53
Major Three AcOviOes
13/01/10 54
1. Remove electric noise inside of power supply
High current line and Ferrite core
2. Measurement of Ome and spaOal distribuOon Br(t, z, r) by pickup coil
Solenoid and radial axes
3. Reduce inductance for ideal Ome distribuOon, Br(t)
Inside of the kicker power supply
Nakayama-‐san is working hard now!
Real works are done by Prof. Nakayama
13/01/10 55
Checking magneOc field
Set up proto type kicker
Prepare pickup coils
Setup of field measurement 1. Pickup coil (we try several types)
• Area R=5, 10 and 15mm • 30~100 turns
2. Find beoer parameter of analog integrator (R-‐C) 3. Noise reducOon
• Dumping resistance • difference amplifier
13/01/10 56
Pick-‐up
Resister for damping
Difference amplifier
R-‐C integrator
Trigger (FuncOon generator)
oscilloscope • Arm picks up background EMC noise.
• Therefore, we use difference amplifier.
2012/8/3
Signal from pickup coil (differenOal amplifier+ integrator)
Raw signal Br(t)
13/01/10 57
• Time distribuOon of current I(t) and radial field Br(t) are half-‐sign shape, but need to be shorten.
àreduce coil inductance. • How about spaOal
distribuOon?
High current line loops around Ferrite core removes EMC noise !
Current transfer Inner and outer coils
300nsec
Measurement of spaOal distribuOon Br(z,r)
13/01/10 58
Solenoid and radial axes
Uncertainty for each point is from reading fluctuaOon of oscilloscope
mV
1 Gauss
2 Gauss
Requirement of space profile (see page 5); 1% uniformity in radial 33cm±5mm along ±10cm in solenoid axis
• Probe can move verOcally (along solenoid axis) and radial direcOon, • Although this is NOT a complete set up for checking 1% uniformity in radial
direcOon yet, we see its uniformity is beoer than 5% in 30.5 <R <35.5cm along 0 <z <10cm. à we are happy as the first stage.
Target region R=33+/-‐0.5cm Z=+/-‐10cm
Measurement vs. OPERA calculaOon
13/01/10 59
• Red points are measurement, and blue points are calculation by OPERA. • Left plot is R=35.5cm case and right plot is R=33.3cm case, respectively. • Measurement and calculation are good agreement within uncertainty.
mV mV
How to reduce inductance?
13/01/10 60
Nakayama-‐san is working hard to find a soluOon, “how to reduce inductance but keep field strength and good spaOal distribuOon?”
Non aluminum plates case
• As we see in page 10, we need to reduce period of half-‐sign down to factor 2.
• One easiest way is increasing a peak current, but EMC also increase. à NOT good.
• Therefore, we try to reduce inductance of coils. To do that, we aoach aluminum plates to coils . • However, field strength is dramaOcally decreased.
(SpaOal distribuOon may also be changed.)
Aoach 2cm width aluminum plates to lower coils (both inner and outer)
example
CT Pickup coil Pickup coil
More Muons! S. Kanda, Y. Fukao, et al.
n Intensive studies are ongoing to increase the number of Muonium atoms! n Absorb momentum bite (~ x 2) n Increase “surface” (~ x several ) à x 4 n With expected SiC target for DeeMe à x2
61
62
Beam time I : Nov 18-23,2010 II: Oct 20-29, 2011
Slide by T. Mibe
Conversion Efficiency – cont’d n S1249 results + literature
63 A factor of 8 behind
64
65
66
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“g-2” tension with LHC 1/fb O. Buchmueller, et al, hep-ph> arXiv:1110.3568v1 CMSSM
n (gー2) µ pull down Gaugino-mass and push up the tan β to ~ 40
n it will be important to subject the (g − 2)µ constraint to closer scrutiny, and the upcoming Fermilab and J-PARC experiments on (g − 2)µare most welcome and timely in this regard.
Government Review of J-PARC n The 3rd review of J-PARC: every 5 years n Future plan was a major subject
n Accelerator Improvement: 60 Oku yen n New Beamline at Hadron Hall with COMET phase-1 : 40 Oku yen n Muon Beamlines : S and H-lines : 25 Oku-yen
n Based on the Master Plan by Japan Science Council: “J-PARC upgrades for Elucidation of Origin of the Matter”
n 380 Oku-yen n ranked as “AA”
n Budget Request from KEK includes above > 125 Oku-yen for 5 years 68