e-learning in nigeria

8/12/2019 E-LEARNING IN NIGERIA

1/13

An Examination of Governments Strategies for Adopting Computer Use for e-Learning

Implementation in Nigeria

By

!ora"e En#elim N#a$un#ene

%e"em$er& '()(

1


2/13

*a$le of Contents

Title Page .. .. .. 1

Table of Contents .. .. .. 2

Abstract .. .. .. 3

1.0 Introduction .. .. .. 4

2.0 Literature Review .. .. .. 4

2.1 Conceptual Framework .. .. .. 4

2.2 Theoretical Framework .. .. .. 5

2.3 Trends in e-Learning in Nigeria .. .. .. 5

2.4 Nigerias e-Learning Technologies .. .. .. !

2.5 "o#ernments $trategies %or e-Learning &mplementation inNigeria' (sing the Computer .. .. .. )

3.0 indings! Anal"sis and #iscussion .. .. .. $

4.0 Conclusion .. .. .. %

&.0 Reco''endations .. .. .. %

(ibliogra)*" .. .. .. +

A))endices .. .. .. 13

2


3/13

A$stra"t

T*is review is a secondar" researc*,based e-a'ination of t*ose strategies w*ic* t*e

igerian govern'ent *as ta/en towards ensuring t*at co')uters are used for e,learning in t*e

countr". It s*ows t*at in bot* t*e )rivate and )ublic sectors! govern'ent *as 'ade its i')act and

*as ado)ted strategies for i')le'enting e,learning. overn'ent *as )artnered wit* Intel

Cor)oration! for e-a')le! to )rovide co')uters to sc*ools! but it observes t*at 'ost of t*e

strategies of govern'ent! are not )ro)erl" i')le'ented. It 'aintains t*at govern'ent can do better!

if it can re,strategise! and s)ecificall" do first t*ings! first! and last t*ings! last.

+ey#ords e,learning! e,collaboration! ICTs! govern'ent! )ublic sector! )rivate sector.

3


4/13

),( Introdu"tion

T*e focus of ever" govern'ent! is t*e )rovision of t*e essential needs of its citiens

#ea/ins et al! 2010. T*is is )re'ised on t*e fact t*at! fro' education Cordoba,Pac*on 5rr!

200+! to infrastructural develo)'ent 5* Teo! 2010! *ealt* 6uang! 200+! and social services

Previtali (of! 200+! a'ong ot*ers! govern'ent is co''itted to its citiens. A)art fro'

)roviding for its 'ass citiens! govern'ent sustains t*e )rovisions 7auff'an 7u'ar! 200%! and

ensures t*at t*e" 'eet wit* evolving trends! globall" Linna! et al! 20108 Pre'ai et al! 2010. In

essence! education! t*erefore! *as continued to evolve fro' analogue Cordoba,Pac*on 5rr!

200+! to digital Adcroft et al! 2010.

It is t*e )ur)ose of t*is review! to e-a'ine t*e strategies of t*e igerian govern'ent in

furt*ering t*e develo)'ent of e,learning! using co')uters A9adi et al! 200%8 Adcroft et al! 2010. It

t*erefore! e-a'ines related literature t*roug* t*eir conce)ts and t*eories! assesses trends in e,learning in igeria! understands certain e,learning tec*nologies in igeria! and reviews t*e

strategies of t*e igerian govern'ent! for t*e )rocess. inall"! it )resents its findings! anal"sis!

discussion and conclusion! w*ile 'a/ing a))licable reco''endations.

',( Literature evie#

T*is review is underta/en using secondar" data fro' )eer,reviewed 9ournal articles and

re)orts.

',) Con"eptual .rame#or/

T*e *arnessing of t*e diverse innate )otentials of individuals! is seen b" (*atnagar Rao

2010! as t*e )ri'ar" )reoccu)ation of e,services and e,a))lications! and a))licabl"! e,learning. It

is suggested t*at t*e introduction of infor'ation and co''unication tec*nologies ICTs! in t*e

i')artation of /nowledge Cerniewic! 200$! is an ade:uate definition for t*e conce)t! and

Loebbec/e et al 2010! *ave e:uall" suggested t*at for all electronic a))lications and services! t*e

underl"ing content is ICT.

T*ere is a relativel" close lin/ between education and ICT! because! e,learning is furt*ered

w*en co')uters are )ut to use in t*e teac*ing and learning )rocess. According to 7eating et al

200+! t*ere is an obvious connection a'ong t*e various e,services and a))lications! and t*is is

because! eac* of t*e activities! are su))orted b" ICT. 6owever! t*is 'a" not be t*e sa'e for all e,

services and a))lications! because ;*a 200+! argues t*at! )rior to t*e advent of t*e electronic

s"ste' in businesses! several s"ste's! and notabl" financial activities! were done wit*out ICTs. It is

seriousl" dis)uted b" Previtali (of 200+! w*o argue t*at! an" a))lication or service t*at does

not entail t*e use of ICT! is not e,based! because! t*at! according to t*e'! is t*e essence of t*e

4


5/13

electronic conce)t. It is furt*er stated b"


6/13

integrated! and are broadl"! in suc* categories as content! services and tec*nolog". T*is )osition is

accorded so'e credence b" =unteanu et al 2010! w*o feel t*at t*e trend of e,learning! is its

blending of traditional and conte')orar" for's.

In a si'ilar vein! Ledden 7alafatis! 2010! state t*at t*e learning 'anage'ent s"ste'>s

disa))earance fro' t*e scene of businesses! is a re'ar/able trend! because! it *as o)ened u)

awareness to t*e effect t*at! no one strateg" is good enoug* for 'anaging t*e business learning

)rocess. T*us! it i')lies t*at e,learning! w*ic* see's li/e t*e current strongest lin/ for

transfor'ing businesses


7/13


8/13

acco''odate its evolution. overn'ent *as )artnered wit* several organisations! notabl"! Intel

Cor)oration! to )rovide PCs! and )rovide training for its use and a))lication.

T*e )rovision of PCs and ot*er a))lications or accessories! is not enoug*. T*ese PCs 'ust

be )ut to use! and infrastructures for *ousing t*e'! 'ust be )ut in )lace. T*us! govern'ent>s

strategies for t*e i')le'entation of e,learning in igeria co'e under serious scrutin"! and re,

e-a'ination.

2,( Con"lusion

igeria as a nation! is co'ing of age in t*e ado)tion of e,learning in all :uarters. T*e

govern'ent is seriousl" atte')ting to institute t*e a))lication of e,learning in igeria! but efforts at

t*is are 'et wit* series of inefficiencies and uncoordinated 'oves b" its re)resentatives.

It is e-)edient to observe! t*at! e,learning is 'ainl" i')le'ented in t*e )ri'ar" andsecondar" sc*ools! "et! wit*out structures on ground.

Its ga) is on t*e fact t*at it enco')asses e,learning in bot* t*e )rivate and )ublic sectors!

and it is e-)ected t*at future review will focus on e-a'ining suc* strategies! as t*e" )ertain! eit*er

to t*e )ublic sector! or t*e )rivate sector.

3,( e"ommendations

It is reco''ended t*at t*e govern'ent of igeria! s*ould re,strategise and focus on ta/ing

se:uential ste)s for i')le'enting t*e strategies for t*e use of co')uters for e,learning.

Also! all e,learning )ro9ects! s*ould nor'all" be for its target users! and not for an" ot*er

)erson or grou).

urt*er'ore! t*e e,learning )ro9ect in igeria! 'ust be 'onitored and evaluated! w*et*er

wit*in )rivate or )ublic sector :uarters! so t*at as 'uc* as )ossible! la)ses are alwa"s identified!

and t*en! of course! corrected.

%


9/13

Bi$liograp0y

Adcroft! A.! Tec/'an! B.!


10/13

rancesc*i! 7.! Lee! R.=.! ?ana/is! ;.6.! 6inds! #.! 200+. @ngaging rou) @,Learning in

Kirtual


11/13

7olsa/er! A.! #ra/atos! .! 200+. =obile AdvertisingG T*e Influence of @'otional Attac*'ent to

=obile #evices on Consu'er Rece)tiveness. *ournal o% arketing Communications' vol.

1&4! )). 2$,2%0.

Ledden! L.! 7alafatis! ;.P.! 2010. T*e I')act of Ti'e on Perce)tions of @ducational Kalue.

&nternational *ournal o% +u,lic $ector anagement'vol. 232! )). 141,1&$.

Liao! C.! Palvia! P.! Lin! 6.! 2010. ;tage Antecedents of Consu'er 5nline (u"ing (e*avior.

lectron arkets'vol. 20! )). &3,&.

Lin! C.! (*attac*er9ee! A.! 200%. @lucidating Individual Intention to se Interactive Infor'ation

Tec*nologiesG T*e Role of etwor/ @-ternalities. &nternational *ournal o% lectronic

Commerce'vol. 131! )). %&,10%.

Linna! P.! Pe//ola! ;.! //o! B.! =el/as! 6.! 2010. #efining and =easuring Productivit" in t*e

Public ;ectorG =anagerial Perce)tions.&nternational *ournal o% +u,lic $ector anagement'

vol. 23&! )). 4$+,4++.

Loebbec/e! C.! Powell! P.! s Curse. lectron arkets'vol. 20! )).

14$,10.

Par/! I.! (*atnagar! A.! Rao! 6.R.! 2010. Assurance ;eals! 5n,Line Custo'er ;atisfaction! and

Re)urc*ase Intention.&nternational *ournal o% lectronic Commerce'vol. 143! )). 11,34.

Peng! .!


12/13

Rie'er! 7.! Le*r/e! C.! 200+. (iased Listing in @lectronic =ar/et)lacesG @-)loring Its

I')lications in 5n,Line 6otel #istribution.&nternational *ournal o% lectronic Commerce'

vol. 141! )). &&,$%.

Rie'er! 7.! ;teinfield! C.! Kogel! #.! 200+. eCollaborationG 5n t*e ature and @'ergence of

Co''unication and Collaboration Tec*nologies.lectron arkets'vol. 1+! )). 1%1,1%%.

;*a!


13/13

Appendi"es

Figure 1: Theoretical Model

Source: o!e"#$icolas % Merono#&erdan '())*+

Figure (: Trends in e#&ollaboration

Source: Riemer et al '())*+

13

e-learning in nigeria

Documents