E-HealthE-Health

Research ProjectResearch Project

By Diana By Diana LozevaLozeva

IntroductionIntroduction

What is E-Health?What is E-Health?

Why do we need E-Why do we need E-Health?Health?

What is telecardiology?What is telecardiology?

Who needs telemedicine?Who needs telemedicine?

Why telemedicine?Why telemedicine?

The principles of health The principles of health systemsystem

Developing countriesDeveloping countries

StandardsStandards

The 10 E’s in E-HealthThe 10 E’s in E-Health

What is E-Health?What is E-Health?

Term for healthcare practice which is supported by electronic Term for healthcare practice which is supported by electronic processes and communication. processes and communication.

E-health is defined as electronic information and interactions E-health is defined as electronic information and interactions connecting people and communities to health services. connecting people and communities to health services.

E-health is an emerging field in the intersection of medical E-health is an emerging field in the intersection of medical informatics, public health and business, referring to health services informatics, public health and business, referring to health services and information delivered through the Internet and related and information delivered through the Internet and related technologies.technologies.

E-Health it is an additional tool to improve access to existing E-Health it is an additional tool to improve access to existing facilities and resources.facilities and resources.

Why do we need E-Health?Why do we need E-Health?Heart disease is the single most fatal disease of modern society. Heart Heart disease is the single most fatal disease of modern society. Heart attacks became the number one killer in the world we live in today. attacks became the number one killer in the world we live in today.

45% of the total mortality rate in the USA is due to cardiac related 45% of the total mortality rate in the USA is due to cardiac related diseases. Many of these deaths are a result of the time elapsed between diseases. Many of these deaths are a result of the time elapsed between the cardiac event and the medical assistance provided to the patient.the cardiac event and the medical assistance provided to the patient.

One of the leading factors in the diagnosis of a person’s heart condition is One of the leading factors in the diagnosis of a person’s heart condition is his Electro Cardio Gram. his Electro Cardio Gram.

The activity of the heart is regulated by The activity of the heart is regulated by electrical impulses, which can be measured and presented, electrical impulses, which can be measured and presented, for diagnostic purposes, in the form of an ECG.for diagnostic purposes, in the form of an ECG.

What is telecardiology?What is telecardiology?Nowadays with the development of advanced technologies, remote Nowadays with the development of advanced technologies, remote transmission and gaining of ECG via the telephone became possible, giving transmission and gaining of ECG via the telephone became possible, giving new possibilities for a wide range of applications, ranging from home care to new possibilities for a wide range of applications, ranging from home care to defensive diagnosis and emergency service.defensive diagnosis and emergency service.

It is estimated that 2% -4% of the world population suffer from heart It is estimated that 2% -4% of the world population suffer from heart diseases.diseases.

10%-12% of the world population is considered to have two or more heart 10%-12% of the world population is considered to have two or more heart diseases risk factors, which would ideally require periodical diagnosis or diseases risk factors, which would ideally require periodical diagnosis or preventive medical treatment.preventive medical treatment.

It increases chances of recover by minimizing the immediate damage, and a It increases chances of recover by minimizing the immediate damage, and a potentially shorter hospitalization period following the attack.potentially shorter hospitalization period following the attack.

It is possible to reduce the mortality rate by 50% by shortening the time It is possible to reduce the mortality rate by 50% by shortening the time between the heart attack and the beginning of treatment.between the heart attack and the beginning of treatment.

What is telemedicine?What is telemedicine?

Telemedicine is a term that has to do with any medical activity Telemedicine is a term that has to do with any medical activity involving an element of distance.involving an element of distance.

A doctor- patient communication, which involves telecommunication, A doctor- patient communication, which involves telecommunication, goes back at least to the use of ship-to-shore radio for giving goes back at least to the use of ship-to-shore radio for giving medical advice to sea captains.medical advice to sea captains.

Telemedicine is the delivery of healthcare services, where distance Telemedicine is the delivery of healthcare services, where distance is a critical factor, by all health care professionals using information is a critical factor, by all health care professionals using information and communication technologies for:and communication technologies for:

the exchange of valid information for diagnosis, the exchange of valid information for diagnosis, treatment and avoidance of diseases and injuries, treatment and avoidance of diseases and injuries, research and evaluation,research and evaluation, for the continuing education of health care providers.for the continuing education of health care providers.

Who needs telemedicine?Who needs telemedicine?

Patients that does not have an Patients that does not have an easy access:easy access:

DistanceDistance

Preparation, transportationPreparation, transportation

Medical conditionsMedical conditions

Emergency situationsEmergency situations

Social conditionsSocial conditions

Why telemedicine?Why telemedicine?

Principles of health systemPrinciples of health system

Based on equity, efficiency, quality, affordability, sustainability and patient satisfaction.

There are several basic healthcare requirements such as:

Quality of the service Effective use of limited resources Know-how sharing Access to medical or healthcare informationTime and cost management

Developing countriesDeveloping countries

A big number of telemedicine projects are already A big number of telemedicine projects are already implemented in developing countries.implemented in developing countries.

In most cases they are small by size and implemented In most cases they are small by size and implemented with the support of different developed countries and with the support of different developed countries and international organizations. international organizations.

Potential benefit of telemedicine is more visible in Potential benefit of telemedicine is more visible in developing countries.developing countries.

However, it is quite common that in the same country However, it is quite common that in the same country there are several incompatible telemedicine solutions.there are several incompatible telemedicine solutions.

StandardsStandards

Under telemedicine, there is a wide range of technology and applications.Under telemedicine, there is a wide range of technology and applications.

This variety of technology and applications poses a significant difficulty for This variety of technology and applications poses a significant difficulty for the establishment of standards. the establishment of standards.

The lack of standards has implications for: The lack of standards has implications for: telemedicine qualitytelemedicine quality, , safetysafety, , efficiencyefficiency, , privacyprivacy, , investmentinvestment, and , and securitysecurity. .

Many of the telemedicine projects are based on existing video- conferencing Many of the telemedicine projects are based on existing video- conferencing and desk- top computer systems, which were originally designed for and desk- top computer systems, which were originally designed for purposes other than health care delivery. purposes other than health care delivery.

The entire telemedicine system is not necessarily evaluated objectively for The entire telemedicine system is not necessarily evaluated objectively for its ability to safely provide diagnostic information.its ability to safely provide diagnostic information.

The 10 E’s in E-HealthThe 10 E’s in E-Health

EfficiencyEfficiency

Enhancing qualityEnhancing quality

Evidence basedEvidence based

EmpowermentEmpowerment

EncouragementEncouragement

EducationEducation

EnablingEnabling

ExtendingExtending

EthicsEthics

EquityEquity

References:References:www.wikipeadia.comwww.wikipeadia.com

http://ec.europa.eu/information_society/activities/health/index_en.htmhttp://ec.europa.eu/information_society/activities/health/index_en.htm

http://www.itu.int/net/home/index.aspxhttp://www.itu.int/net/home/index.aspx

Rapporteur 014172 ITU SG2 handoutRapporteur 014172 ITU SG2 handout

www.e-health-insider.comwww.e-health-insider.com//

E-Health, Telehealth, and Telemedicine: A Guide to Startup and Success E-Health, Telehealth, and Telemedicine: A Guide to Startup and Success (Jossey-Bass Health Series) (Jossey-Bass Health Series)

Introduction to TelemedicineIntroduction to Telemedicine 2 2ndnd edition edition

E-Health monthly magazine on Healthcare ICT’s technologies and applicationsE-Health monthly magazine on Healthcare ICT’s technologies and applications