e a s o m 2015. posttraumatc stress disorder and prevention mirjana damej, dr. med. spec....
TRANSCRIPT
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E A S O M 2015
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POSTTRAUMATC STRESS DISORDER AND PREVENTION
• Mirjana Damej, dr. med.
• spec. psihiatrije
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THE PRIMARY CARE PTSD SCREEN = PC – PTSD
• A frightening experience in the past month folloved by:
• --nightmares or unwanted thoughts about it• --trying hard not to think about it or avoiding
situations that remind you of it• --being costantly on guard, watchful or easily
startled• --feeling numb or detached from others, daily
activities, your surroundings
• 3 positive answers suggest PTSD
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PTSD as a result of series of events
• Complex PTSD
• Prolonged Duress Stress Disorder
• Cumulative stress
• Rolling PTSD
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Psychological processes caused by mobbing (= emotional stress)
• Fear, anxiety, worrying• Outrage, anger, helplessness• A need for self-defence and self-justification• Sleeplessnes, restlessnes, fatigue• Impairment of concentration and attention• Increased muscle tension – low back pain, headache• Abuse of PAS• Indirect selfdestructive behaviour• Psychosomatic disorders• Psychiatric conditions –PTSD, anxiety states,
depression, aggressivity, suicide…
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Can workplace mobbing cause illness?
• Experiencing mobbing – emotional response• The brain cortex …hypotalamus…autonomous
nervous system… hormonal changes• Changes in heart function and blood circulation
– hypertension, brain or heart stroke, infarction• Metabolic disorders – diabetes, thyroid,
dyslipidemia• Immune system disorders – infections,
autoimmune pathology, malignant growth…
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Individual psychosocial consequences
• Work incapability, disability
• Lower socioeconomic status
• Social connections, even familial, may fall apart (divorce)
• Drifting toward social margin
• Different forms of social pathology
• Suicide
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MOBBING-FREE WORKPLACE CULTURE
• A difficult interpersonal situation versus a mobbing situation
• Workplace mobbing policies – a must
• Understanding and help from managing structures is crucial
• Training managers on how to understand and support targets (victims?)
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PREVENTION OF PDSD- PERSONAL LEVEL
• EMPLOYERS:• -respectful work environment as rated by
employees• -appreciation as motivator• -treating employees as insiders • -empathy for problems • -discipline + relationship• GREAT PEOPLE DO NOT TREAT OTHERS
DISRESPECTFULLY
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• EMPLOYEES:• -recognizing mobbing as such • -carefully building and maintaining a supportive
social grid• -learning any kind of relaxation techniques and
practising it regularly• -keeping fit• -appropriate nonverbal communication (eyes,
posture, hands, standing position, going away)• -appropriate verbal communication (mirroring,
meaningless comments, humor, irony)
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WHEN TO SEEK MEDICAL ADVICE
• Loss of energy and motivation• Chest pain • Weakness, loss of consciousness, dizziness• Concentration and watchfulness problems,
errors at work, driving problems• Eating and/or digestive disorders• Using alcohol, OTC drugs, illegal drugs• Unintentional self-injuries