Dynamic Queries –presented by Bhaskar Chatterjee

Visual Alternative to SQL for Querying databases Depending on data types and the values

decides the input controls for the search Examples are Buttons, Ratio Buttons,

Simple sliders and Range Sliders etc Two papers: deals with the rationale for

dynamic queries and also go over two Applications: Home Finder, Film Finder

Dynamic Queries Constantly need to update queries

as users adjust sliders or select buttons Visual representation of query Visual representation of results Rapid and incremental control of

query Immediate and continuous feedback

Advantages Users can “fly through data” by

adjusting sliders Novice: formulating query at command

line leads to errors in syntax and understanding

Experts: interpretation of results can be easier-air traffic controllers, demographers, statisticians

Examples: Geographic applications

Response of 18 Subjects using HomeFinder

Example: Cancer Rates in US

Example (Education Application)

Alphanumeric tabular display: directory display in UNIX

This lets users explore UNIX directory by size and age

Three versions developed Highlighting matches with color Highlighting matches with asterisk Displaying only the matching lines

and hiding the rest

Disadvantages observed The dynamic query is poorly matched with

the current hardware and software systems Current database tools cannot satisfy the

requirements for rapid searches Application specific programming is required to

take advantage of the dynamic query methods. Standardized input output software are

required to integrate to existing system Visually handicapped find it more difficult

Research Directions Database and display algorithms

To handle rapid display updates Special data structures kept in rapid

storage can handle rapid algorithms Data organized in buckets, for example

1 to 50000 can be organized in 100 buckets (each having 500 data points)

Use of parallel hardware and algorithms, data compression to store large amounts of data

Research (Contd.) User interface design

People should be able to grasp the content of the picture

Questions: How to allow user to use Boolean

combination of slider settings Choose among highlighting among color,

points of light etc. Allow varying degrees of intensity, large

points/zooming

Other Research Issues Display Issues:

What color, size and shape to use ? How to represent overlapping data on a

map? Input Issues:

Widget design is a central issue: Limits and display of Current Values, number

of boxes Multidimensional input ( currently they are

clumsy) – research is in 3D mouse: 6 degree of freedom.

Examples of 2-Dimensional input

Visual Information Seeking: Tight coupling with dynamic queries and Starfield Display

Dynamic Queries Filter: query parameters rapidly adjusted with slider, buttons etc.

Starfield Display: result sets are continuously available and support viewing of hundreds or thousands of items

Tight Coupling: query components are interrelated in ways that preserve display invariants and support progressive refinement.

Tight Coupling Tight coupling reveals the software

state and constrains the user from making erroneous actions

For example: if a user wants films before 1935 then only certain actors and directors are further selectable.

Tight coupling aspect: every output of query is a candidate for input of a another query Helps in reducing screen clutter

Tight Coupling (Contd.) Other Aspects : Progressive refinement of query Details on demand : idea of

hypermedia Click on the data points to get further

information

FilmFinder

FilmFinder (Contd.)

FilmFinder (Contd.)

FilmFinder (Contd.)