Network Performing Arts Production Workshop, Barcelona, June 2011

Claudio Allocchio, GARR with many contributions by Ben Fineman, Internet2

DVTS (practical) Overview

Summary

!! Some basic concepts !! DVTS Overview !! Emerging Applications

From Analog to Digital

Audio: Sampling Rate

!! Limits frequency range !! CD quality is 44.1 kHz

Audio: bits depth

!! Limits quality !! CD quality 16 bit = 65,536 llevels

Audio & Video:

!! “Compression” – making digital signals smaller

Audio: Bit Rate

!! Distinct from bit depth !! Many compression formats available

!! Lossy/lossless !! Popular example: MP3 !! Popular consumer conferencing: Siren 14/22

Video: Frame Rate

!! 60i: Standard for consumer broadcast/DVD/VHS, some HDTV !! Actually 59.94i, or 29.97 fps

!! 24p: Standard for film !! 30p/60p: Some HDTV !! Be aware of international differences! !! PAL, SECAM, NTSC

Video: Resolution

Video: Compression

Video: compression formats

!! MPEG-1, MPEG-2 (eg VCD, DVD) !! MPEG-4 Part 2, MPEG-4 AVC/SVC !! Microsoft: WMV, VC-1 !! H.263, H.264 (MPEG-4 AVC) !! DV25

How long does it take…?

!! How Fast !! Network latency !! Codec Latency

Latency

Latency: what can I do?

Latency Simultaneous Performance

Conversation

Broadcast Only

How Much does it take? Bandwidth

DVTS: What is it?

!! “Open source” software developed by the WIDE Project (it’s free!)

!! Sends firewire source over Internet with no additional compression

!! A 30Mbps “long pipe” between firewire interfaces

DVTS: quick Features Sheet

!! Latency: Good enough for conversation !! Quality:

!! Audio: 48kHz/16 bit uncompressed !! Video: Standard definition, DV25 compression

!! Bandwidth: 30 Mbps

!! Because you can send & receive High Quality A/V !! that doesn’t require funny, expensive machines (MPEG2) !! that doesn’t involve intellectual property issues (royalties) !! that doesn’t require unusual, expensive cameras (HDTV)

!! all you need is a 30Mbps capable Network and … !! a DV capable camera with IEEE1394 (firewire) !! DV receiver (deck, camera, TV) that is firewire capable !! Or an analog/digital converter(s) if using a non-firewire capable

camera/receiver (Canopus ADVC family) !! a computer with IEEE1394 (firewire) capability

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DVTS: Why?

!! DV25 is a common form of digital video reduction and compression employed in consumer digital camcorders

!! DV25 applies a 5:1 compression and a 4:1:1 color space; achieves a fixed data rate of 25 mbps

!! Audio is typically two-channel PCM encoded at 12 or 16 bits, sampled at 48kHz, similar to CD or DAT

!! DV25 achieves relatively high audio and picture quality with very low encoding latency.

!! End-to-end quality is fully preserved: No additional compression/decompression is added

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DV: a more technical specification

DVTS: from “A” to “B”

Capture Encode Send Receive Decode Display A B

DVTS: minimal requirement

!! Computer (runs best on Windows but Mac and Unix versions exist)

!! Camera or encoder with firewire output !! 30 Mbps of bandwidth

+ +

!! Connects the camera to the computer

!! Provides high quality digital path

!! “Firewire” developed by Apple Computer !! It is really a high-speed serial data bus !! IEEE 1394 is the published specification for high-

speed serial bus

!! Firewire 400 !! 400 Mbit/s over a distance of 4.5M !! Double twisted pair, 28 AWG wire !! Longer distance possible using higher gauges and

slower data rates

!! Firewire 800 !! 800 Mbit/s over a distance of 100M

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DVTS caveat 1: which firewire?

Capture

Choose one or more:

DVTS: capturing image and sound

DV camera

Capture Encode

DV camera with audio inputs

DVTS: encoding with DV cameras

Encode

Choose one:

Canopus ADVC-300

Canopus ADVC-700

DVTS: encoding from analog source

Send

Choose one:

+

DVTS: sending

DVTS: Platforms

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Hardware Operating System

IEEE 1394/Firewire Multiple firewire port support

Macintosh Power PC OSX Port built-in no

Macintosh Intel OSX Port built-in no Pentium III or greater Windows XP PC firewire card or built in yes

Pentium III or greater Linux PC firewire card or built in no

!! The chef reccomends: !! Intel duo Processor @ 2Ghz !! 2GB RAM !! Windows XP or Windows 7

DVTS: Software versions

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Operating System

Command line applications GUI application

dvsend dvrecv dvsave dvplay App Name

Firewire Send

Firewire Receive

Render to screen

Mac OSX yes yes yes yes dvts.app* yes yes no

Windows XP/Vista/7 no no no no dvts.exe yes yes yes

LINUX yes yes yes yes - - - -

* This application is VERY alpha release level

!! 30 Mbps !! 0% loss !! Multicast (if broadcasting)

DVTS: the transport

Send Transport Receive

Choose one:

+

Receive

DVTS: receiving

Choose one:

+

Receive Decode

+

DVTS: decoding, simple mode

Choose one:

Canopus ADVC-300

Canopus ADVC-700

Camera

Decode

DVTS: decoding, to analog devices

+ +

Receive Decode Display

DVTS: simple render/display

Choose one or more:

Display

DVTS: better render/display

!! SD (standard defintion) is MORE than 1 standard!

!! PAL and NTSC are incompatible!

!! You need multi-standard devices !! At least multi-standard decoder/display/projector

!! DVTS cannot switch on the fly PAL and NTSC standard !! You MUST quit DVTS before switching standard !! Self test to yourself, then connection to/from a different standard

system = FAIL!

!! … and what about SECAM ? !! No DVTS for SECAM, sorry!

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DVTS caveat 2: PAL vs NTSC !

DVTS: echo?

Display

= no echo

= echo

= no echo +

DVTS: simple example

DVTS: full example

DVTS: broadcasting example

DVTS: Multicast

Multicast

Unicast

DVTS: some Resources

!! Internet2: http://www.internet2.edu/communities/dvts/

!! WIDE Project: http://www.sfc.wide.ad.jp/DVTS/

!! New World Symphony: http://www.nws.edu/internet2/

DVTS: some Contacts

!! Ann Doyle -- adoyle@internet2.edu !! Ben Fineman – bfineman@internet2.edu !! Justin Trieger – justin.trieger@nws.edu !! Claudio Allocchio – Claudio.Allocchio@garr.it

DVTS: Applications

!! Remote instruction !! Remote performance !! Remote recording !! Remote collaboration !! … !! Remote Health Services !! …

DVTS: Applications

Don’t Forget

Echo avoidance Lighting

HDDVTS: What’s it about

!! Latency: Broadcast only !! Quality:

!! Audio: 384 Kbps MPEG-1 layer 2 !! Video: 1080i MPEG-2

!! Bandwidth: 25 Mbps

Emerging Applications: Ultragrid

!! Laboratory of Advanced Networking Technologies at Masaryk University in Brno, Czech Republic

Emerging Applications: Ultragrid

!! Latency: Good enough for conversation !! Quality:

!! Audio: 48kHz/16 bit uncompressed, 2+ channels

!! Video: 1080i HD, compressed or uncompressed •! Bandwidth: 250 Mbps to 1.5 Gbps •! https://www.sitola.cz/igrid/index.php/UltraGrid

Emerging Applications: iHDTV

!! ResearchChannel along with the University of Washington

Emerging Applications: iHDTV

!! Latency: Good enough for conversation !! Quality:

!! Audio: 48kHz/16 bit uncompressed !! Video: 1080i HD, compressed or uncompressed

!! Bandwidth: 20 Mbps to 1.5 Gbps !! http://www.washington.edu/ihdtv/

Emerging Applications: CineGrid 4k

!! NTT Network Innovations Laboratory

Emerging Applications: CineGrid 4k

1080!

4k!

CineGrid 4k

0

1000

2000

3000

4000

5000

6000

Bandwidth usage: 6 Gbps!

DVTS iHDTV/Ultragrid Compressed

iHDTV/Ultragrid Uncompressed

Cinegrid

CineGrid 4k

!! Video: 4096!2160, full color space, JPEG2000 compression

!! Audio: 24bit/48kHz 16 channel audio !! Latency: ?

Questions?