dusek(1973)descriptions of five new european species of the genus metasyrphus-ocr

8/6/2019 Dusek(1973)Descriptions of Five New European Species of the Genus Metasyrphus-OCR

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part near vertical triangle. Antenna with segments 1 and 2 together aboutas long or shorter than segment 3. Black hairs on the apical margin ofsegment I reaching on the external side of the antenna the apicd half ofsegment 2.Xesonotum black, shining or subshining, in Lighter specimens obscurelybrownish laterally. Pleural part black, margins of pleuron and postafar caIIisometimes also obscurely brownish. Mesonotum covered above by pale tobrownish hairs. Anterior %at portion of mesopleumn without long hairs.Upper and lower s t e rn o p l e d hair patches moderately separated or narrowlyjoined posteriorly (see VOCIEEROTH,969), anterior part of sternoplenronwithout hairs. Metasternurn hairy or bare. Scutellum yellow, in darkerspecimens rather metaIlic brown, d d , with black, pale or mixed hairs.Subscutellar fringe complete. Lower lobe of squama without long hairs onupper surface. Wing membrane covered with dense microtrichia, basal partof wing usually bare, rarely whole of basal half of wing bare. Wing membraneoutside marginal veins broad and undulated (in Palaearctic and Nearctic

species). Legs yellow to brownish, usnally with at Ieast the base of femoradarker, brown to black. Hind tibia sometimes dark in the middle, upperside of tarsus partially seepent 4 being darkest, followed by 3, 2 and 5,segment 1 being almost as light as tibia. Segment 5 of hind tarsus as darkas segment 3 or 4. Legs covered by short adjacent hairs and by long hairssituated on the posteroventral side of front and mid femora and more orless scattered on the anteroventral side of hind femur. Short hairs on frontand mid legs pale or with black hairs intermingled, on hind leg mainlyblack except at base of femur.Abdomen oval, rather flat, distinctly margined on sides. Dorsum blackwith a pair of yellow spots on tergite 2 (in Palaearctic and Xearctic species)and with pair of yellow spots or with yellow band on each of tergites 3 and 4.Hind margin of tergite 4 yellow, tergite 5 yellow with median black spotsometimes reaching lateral sides. I n dark specimens the yellow colour maybe reduced, in extreme cases all tergites may be completely black. Darkspots on sternites varying in shape and extense, in extreme cases absentor occupying whole sternites. Hairs around abdominal margin, except tergite1 and half of tergite 2, black and mostly posterolaterally directed. Ventercovered partly with short hairs, partly with fine long hairs situated in themiddle of sternites 1 and 2. Similar hairs present on &mite 3, somewhatshorter.Male terminalia. Hypandrium in frontal view as broad in upper part asin lower part, more or less rectan-dar, rarely broader above. Hypandrinmon sides characteristically wrinkled. Lingda indistinct or absent.F ema1e. Dichoptic, facets somewhat smaller than in male. Vertex with hairsshorter and less dense, from with hairs shorter and face with hairs somewhatshorter, than in male. Postocdar orbits much broader than in male. Wingmembrane generally with microtrichia more reduced. Spots or bands ondorsnm usually narrower with greater tendency to reach side margin thanin male of the same species. Colour of hind femur more variable than in male.

Notes on var ia t ion wi th in the spec iesThe variability of the characters generally used for identihation of thespecies of the genus Hdasyrphus was examined and evaluat,ed in 145 speci-


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mens of H. uniger (75 $3, 70 ?Q), the majority of which (73 $d, 64 99)originated from various localities in Czechoslovakia. Most of them (53 38,52 Q?) were collected as adults, others (20 $3, 12 QQ) were bred from im-mature material collected in the field. The rest of the material originatedfrom other European countries (England, Poland, U.S.S.R.). The angle ofeyes was measured also in additional specimens collected in the field. Smallerseries of the common species [(X.orollae (FABRICIUS)nd iV. atifasciatus(MACQUART)]were also evaluated.

The analysis has shown that numerous characters, especiauy colour, aredependent on the season of the year when specimens are collected. Generally,the addts collected in summer have Lighter coloration than those collectedin spring. This seasonal fluctuation depends primarily on the temperaturesa t which the puparium is developing; this is also confirmed by preliminaryresults of the experiments we have been initiating in this respect. Darkerspecimens develop a t lower temperatures, whiIe a t higher temperatnreslighter ones develop. One of the characters sensitive to the developmentalconditions is either separation or fusion of yellow spots on tergite 2 witha margin of the abdomen. We have classifled all the specimens accordingto this character, specimens with separated spots marked A, those with thespots on tergite 2 reaching a margin B, and studied codations betweenthi s character and other characters. The colour of the spots above the anten-nae, a tubercle, upper oral margin, extent of dark colour of legs, size (eventu-ally mutual connection or confluence of yellow spots on the tergites andsize of dark spots on the sternites) are in evident correlation with the charactermentioned above.I n M . luniger, e.g., as many as 89% males and 94% females of specimens Ahad black or a t least brown spots above the antennae, while only 45% malesand 83% females of specimens B were thus marked. A darker oral marginoccurred only in extreme specimens A. Black or dark colour on the frontfemur occupied 113 or more of the femur length in 41% females of M. lunigerof type A, but only in 4% females of type B. Connection or confluence ofyellow spots on tergites 3 and 4 mas relatively rare in H. uniger and mainlyoccurred in the Lightest specimens B.The colour of hairs on the face, highly variable in M. luniger, was notin such distinct correlation. Only 23% males of type A had a.11 the hairson the face exclusively paIe and 27% mostly dark (the rest of the casesrepresented transitive forms); in the maIes of type B the proportion ofspecimens with pale face hairs increased only up to 32%, and the proportion

, of those with dark face hairs decreased only to 21%.The above mentioned correlations show that during practical identificationthe coloration of a specimen should be considered as a whole. For distinguish-ing the species LM. uniger and N . latifasciatus (if, however, other morereliable characters are not used) it is possible to use the character "mutudseparation or connection of yellow spots on tergites 3 and 4", if taking intoaccount the fact t hat in generally light specimensB the spots may be some-what connected even in N . luniger and, on the contrary, in very dark speci-mens A the spots may be separated also in M. latifmcicttus.Similarly, in our descriptions of the new species which are mostly describedaccording to dark or extremely dark specimens of type A, it is necessaryto take into account the fact that generally lighter colonring, especially


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that of the face, scutelhm, legs andabdomen, can be expected in the spe- M.1unigercimens of type B of the same species. ,The bred specimens, mostly repre-

senting extreme forms B, are a spe- to-cia1 example probably due to the factthat laboratory temperatures are on +average higher than those in the open(at least in moderate and cold zones). ;Defective specimens with a lower fa- , M luntger ( b r e d )cia1 tubercle, imperfectly strainedwings and smaller anterior angle of weapproximation of eyes in males often -.appear in the rearings. Similar defec- M.vandergootttive specimens may also occur undernatural conditions, but they are not s

usually found in collections of aduItsin the field because of their inabilityto fly and because of their short life. I 170 75 80 85 90 65 IA N G L E Scharacten are On Fig. 1: Frequency d&-- for snteriornutrition, e.g. the general size. The SO of approximation of eyes inmales O ~ X . luniqercalled "starvation forms" seem to have :$: ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ 3 1 @ ~ i ~ ~ s 2 ~ ) ~ ~a tendency to a relatively narrower ab- -Xcidle - pecimens of M. lunww bred in ~ 0 -mtory; Belew - ollected specimens of JI. ran-domen, relatively shorter wings andsomewhat shorter last segment ofthe antenna, but this impression has not been supported by sufficientsignificant material.

The variability of the anterior angle of approximation of the eyes is shown ona chart (Fig. I) . The angle was measured at vertical view on the sutnraof the eyes in the anterior part. The causes of the variability of this anglehave not been known. They may be related to the general suitability ofconditions during the whole development in the following respect: the moresuitable the conditions are (optimal temperature, humidity, sufficient nu-trition), the larger the angle is. On average the bred specimens had a smallerangle which may be connected with poor breeding conditions, but also withthe presence of less viable specimens in the broods, as mentioned above.Subg enera of th e genus iMetasyrphus

In subdivision of the genus Metusyrphus we accept the classification ofVOCKEROTH1969) and distinguish the nominate subgenus Metasyrphus andsubgenus Lapposyrphus D ~ E Kt L ~ S K A ,967. AlI described species in th ispaper belong to the subgenus Xetasyrphus s. str.Subgenus iMetasyrphus s. str.

Netasternurn hairy. Vein r s+ j dipped only moderately. Postocular orbitsin males broad or narrow, but not so narrow as in L a p s y r p h u s .MaIe terminalia. Hypopygium not very large - measure of hypandriumon average 660-700 p [except in ,!. cordlae (FAER.)ith terminafia en-


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larged]. Epandrium rather well rounded. Paralobi oval in dorsal view,considerably narrowing and moderately beak-like curved. Aedeagus withdistinct little teeth on mouth of the tubus. Teeth of pyxis rather distant,upper tooth slightly shorter and thicker.Netasyrphus (~Metasyrphus)uniger (MEIGEN)

(Plates I-V,* Figs. 2, 9, 15, 24, 29. 30. 36, 37, 45,54, 61, 65, 66, 67, 68 , 69)8yrphu.v l t iniger MEICEN, 1822 :300.Metmjrphtcs lunQer: FLUKE,949 : 1 .

Xale . Eye bare. Vertical triangle about as long as sutura of eyes. Anteriorangle of approximation of eyes usually 77"-86", rarely 73"-90". Fronscompletely pale or with brown to black spots above the antennae. Facialtubercle usually black to brown, exceptionally in extreme light specimenspale, darkened only below. Oral margin pale, black or brown beneath tubercle,in extremely dark specimens rarely completely black. Hairs on the lowerpa rt of face mostly pale or pale and black, rarely with prevailing blackhairs. Postocular orbits of medium width, grey dusted, dust sometimesreaching in t he middle t o th e posterior ocelli on vertical triangle. Antennawith segment 3 elongate-ovate, upper 112-314 of the segment black tobrown. lower par t yellow to brown. Arista, somewhat shorter than antenna,inserted at 113 length of the segment.Nesonotum shining, scutellum Tvith black hairs on disc, or at least someblack hairs present in the centre. Wing membrane partial ly bare in the basalpart. Bare about: basal 115 of cell R.1, pper margin of Rg in basal 115,basal 2/3 to whole of first basal cell, 2/3-9110 of second basal cell, smallareas on basal part of discal and cubital cells, basal 115-114 and marginsof IA, some bands on basal 114-113 of 2A and an area on alnla as broadas 1/4 of the width of the alula. On the second basal cell the microtrichiaconcentrated in apical part forming a dense patch in about apical 1/10.Band of microtrichia, in the lower part of the cell, rising from apical micro-trichia and reaching the basal 113-115 of the cell. The band usually notbroader than 113 of the width of the cell. Apical end completely coveredby microtrichia, or one or two small areas near apical margin bare. Basal1/4- 112 of t he front and mid femora and basal 213-314 of hind femur dark.The da rk colour of hind femur often less intensive, exceptionally hind femuralmost pale. Long hairs on the apical part of front femur black or black andpale, on the basal part paIe a t least on extreme base, blackish in extremelydark specimens only.Tergites rather dull, only tergites 1 and 5 and margins of tergites 2-4shining. Yellow spots on tergite 2 almost tr iangular, reaching or not reachingth e side margin. Yellow spots on tergites 3 and 4 mostly separated, notreaching th e side margin. Only in light specimens with spots on tergite 2broadly reaching side margin; spots on tergites 3 and 4 sometimes narrowlyconnected (Fig. 3 7 , exceptionally also reaching side margins. Upper marginof the spots on tergites 3 and 4 concave, lower margin convex, spots laterallyalmost straight cut, forming a distinct anterolateral corner and a less sharpbut usually also distinct posterolateral corner. Medially the spots somewhatbroadened towards the base and rounded. Tergite 5 yellow with a median

* The Plates I-V will be found at the end of this issue.


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Relative len~th3 f upper and Iowx tmth of the pysis and diffxence bstwsm these lengthsnin Melasyrphus luniget and M. vambrgodi.Upper tooth Lower tooth Difference

black spot, lateral margin yellow even if the black spot enlarged and coveringalmost whole of tergite. Dark spots on sternites mostly rounded or oval,exceptionally rather rectangular. Spot on sternite I small, rounded or oval,on sternite 2 larger mostly apparently rounded, on sternite 3 largest, mostIyrather oval, on sternite 4 again smaller and rather narrower.MaIe terminalia. Parameres in Iower part with distinct but not very thicktooth. Head of pyxis rather regularly convex, about as high as broad. Teethof pyxis relatively slender, usually of the same width, only exceptionallyupper tooth thicker. Lower tooth longer, the rate of the length of the lowerand upper teeth rather variable. These rates and differences between lengthsof the teeth are apparent from Tab. 1.Female. Dusted areas of frons broad, occupying mostly 213 of the widthof from or more, only in specimens from extreme localities sometimes lessthan 213. From above the antennae more frequently with black to brownishspots, less frequentIy pale. Microtrichia on average reduced more than inmale. About 113 of the Iower margin of RJ nd apical 113 of the h t a dcell bare. Basal ends of Rg, diSca1 and cnbital cells sometimes with micro-trichia apparently less dense. A bare area usually present between apicalarea of microtrichia and the apical end of the second basal cell, microtrichiasometimes forming only an apical patch and narow band along lower mar-gin. Bare margin of cell 1A mostly broader and longer than in male. Bare


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area on alula sometimes as broad as 112 of the width of the alula. Frontand mid femora partially dark, usually in basal 114-113, exceptionally a textreme base only. Hind femur either completely pale or almost pale, orwith base or basal 1/6-112, exceptionally 314, dark. Yellow spots on tergitessomewhat narrower than in male. Black spots on sternites relatively broad,usually rather rounded, exceptionally narrow.Length: body 5- 12mm, wing 7- 10 mm.Figured specimens: 3, Slovakia or., PorkGi, iv. 1936 (Hoffer);2 Jd, Slovakia, Vysok6Tatry, 2000 m, 2. viii. 1961 (LBska); 2 33, Slovakia or., Somotor, 14. v. 1965 (3Ioucha); 8,Bohemia - without further data - Bindner);3, Czechoslovakia, Eipel, 22. vi. 1934 (Sp&ek).

Met asyrph us ( Meta syrph us) vandergooti sp.n.(Plates I-- Figs. 5, 16, 17, 21, 25 , 38, 39, 40, 46, 5 2 , 55 , 63, 71, 72, 73. 54)

Nale. Eye bare, anterior angle of approximation of eyes 87"-95" (seeFig. l ) , 90" on average. Facial tubercle slightly more asymmetrical in profileand face slightly more produced than in H . luniger. A distinct groove presentbetween facial tubercle and oral margin (Fig. 5). Dark spots above the anten-nae absent. Facial tubercle brown to black. Oral margin dark beneathtubercle, but not continuousIy dark towards the eyes. Face in about 50%specimens pale haired, in the others with 1 to 5 (rarely more) Hack hairson each side. Postocular orbits of rather varying width (Figs. 16 and 17)with hairs usually more dense and paler than in M. luniger.Wings as in ,M. luniger. Legs similar as in M. luniger, 115-113 of frontfemur, 115-112 of mid femur and 1/2-415 of hind femur dark. If hindfemur paler, the dark colour confked to Iower margin. Rind tibia in about113 of specimens dark in the middle.Tergites usually more slender than in M. luniger. Hairs on the margin

in the apical half of the abdomen longer, more slender and more erect thanin X. uniger. Length of the marginal hairs on tergite 4 usuafly 250-300 p,sometimes reaching 340 p, only in smaller specimens about 210 p. Yellowspots on tergites 2-4 broad, sometimes broader than long (Figs. 38-40),separated in each pair and not reaching side margin, except in some specimenson tergite 2. Tergite 5 yellow with dark spot in the centre, lateral marginof the tergite continuousIy yellow. Dark spot on stemite 1 small, often lessconspicuous, spots on sternites 2-4 usually rectangular, usually more ex-tended and more angular than in typical M. luniger (Fig. 46). Spot onsternite 3 largest and most angular, spot on sternite 2 similar but usuallysomewhat smaller, spot on sternite 5 distinctly smaller and often rounded.Male terminalia. Parameres with relatively small tooth below. Head of

pyxis of rather irre,dar shape, with two distinct teeth. Upper tooth ofpyxis considerably shorter than the lower tooth. Rates of lengths of upperand lower teeth and difference between these lengths are given in Tab. I.Length: body 8.4-11.6 mm, wing 7.4-9.6 mm.Fem ale . Frons in upper part slightly broader (on average) then in M. lu-niqer. Dust spots on frons somewhat smaller than in M. luniger, occupyingonly about 213 of the width of from and narrowing more abruptly thanin M. luniqer. Dark spots above antennae absent, oral margin never con-tinuously dark. Legs generally paler than in M . luniger, femora practicalIyp d e in 112 of specimens. Front and mid femora dark in about basal 115


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or less, except in one specimen (114).Exceptionally 314 of hind femur dark,bu t not intensively. Abdomen broader than in male. YelIow spots on tergitesbroader than in M . luniger. Dark spots on sternites with tendency to be morean,&ar than in M. luniger, in most specimens distinctly angular.on sternite 3.Hairs on the abdominal margin in apical half distinctly more erect andsomewhat longer than in X. uniger.Length: body 8.8-14.4 mm, wing 7.4-9.8 mm.

H o l o t y p e 8: rance, Corsica, AYCO, bret de Stranciacone, 1400 m, 6. vli. 1967 (leg.V. S,van der Goot), length: body 11.6 mm, wing 9.4 mm, width: head 3.4 mm, abdomen 3.6 mm.angle of approximation of eyes 89'. Deposited in the Zoological Xuseum, Amsterdam.P a r a t y p e s : all France, Corsica. Names in brackets indicate th e collectors and the colIectionsif not given othervise. Paratypes are numbered from 1 to 36. hsco, 600-900 m, 5. vii. 19611 8 (Leg.Lambeck, coll. Lucas - Yo. I), 3. vli. 1961 1 2 (Lambeck - No. 2); Asw, Plateaude stagno, 1400-1 700 m, 10. vii. 1967 2 33 (v. d. Goot - Nu. 3 and 4) and 1 2 Lucas -No. 4): bsco, Fdre t de Stranciacone, 1 400 m, 6. vii. 1967 1 $ (Lucas- No. 6) and 2 92 (Lucas-So . 7, v. d. Goot - KO. 8); Asco, Stronciacone, 800- 1 200 m, 4. vii. 1967 L 5 (v. d. Goot -No. '3) and 1Q (Lucas - No. 10); Asco, F6ret de Carozzica, 800 m, 1 3 (v. d. Goot - Xo. 11):~MteCinto, 1500-2 000 m, 7. v i 1364 2 $3 (Lambeck, coll. v. d. Goot - No. 12 and 13),7. vir. 1961 I1 $3 (Lambeck - No. 14-24), 1200- 1 800m , '7. vii. 1961 2 35 (Lambeck -No. 25 and 26) and 1 9 (Lambeek - No. 27); Col de Vizzavone, 900- 1 000 m, 9. vii. 1961 2 $9(Lambeck - No. 28 and 29), 1 000- 1 150m, 13. vii. 1967 1 (v. d. Goot - No. 30), 1 150 m,17. vn. 1967 1 3 Lucas - No. 31) and 1 0 (v. d. Goot - No. 32), 13. s7i. 1967 1 9 (Lucaa -So . 33), 14. v ~ i . 967 1 9 (v. d. Goot - KO. 34). 19. vli. 1967 1 9 (v. d. Goot - No. 35); St .Florent, 10. v. 1963 I ? (Lambeck - No. 36).VAN DE R GOOT (1961) noticed this new species without description andthus with other entomologists provided us with the material for our de-scriptions. The species has been found only in Corsica up to now, 'whereit occurs together with X. uniger. This fact became evident from materialobtained from Dutch entomologists. On the other hand, i t is a rather variablespecies, so that the atypic individuals are difficult to distinguish fromM. luniger and in some cases they are suspected of being hybrids. The specieswas caught at high altitudes with the exception of one specimen.Di ffe ren tia l diagnos is. Similar to H. uniger and f i . braueri (EGGER)but distinguished by the longer and more erect marginal hairs in the apicalhalf of the abdomen, by the distinct groove between the facial tubercle andthe mouth and by further characters given in the description.

X e t a s y r p h u s ( X e t a s y r p h u s ) l a m b e c k i sp. n.(Plates I-V, Figs. 3, 10, 18, 22, 26, 32, 41, 47, 59, 70)

Xale. Vertical triangle slightly longer than sutura of eyes. Anterior angleof approximation of eyes 92". Facial tubercle symmetrical in prose, nodistinct groove above the oral margin. Face ~eIlow,.spotsabove the antennaebrown, tubercle black, oral margin broady and continuously dark brownto black. Hairs on the lower half of face pale with black intermingled.Segment 3 of antenna rather rounded, dark brown in 415, small area closet o base paler. Postocular orbits broader tha n in M . luniger (Fig. 18).

Mesonoturn black, shining. Scutellnm almost black basally, yellow apically,hairs on the disc black. Microtrichia covering the wing membrane in greaterextense th an in M . luniger. Apical half of wing completely haired includingbasal corners of Rg and discal cells. Bare bands remaining along basal partof cell 2A, in bawl par t of cell 1A along veins confining this cell. About


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basal 114 of cell R1 and basal 112-213 of cell RQ are. About 213 of thesecond basal cell haired, no bare area a t the apical end of cell. Alula in middlewith a semicircular bare area, as broad as 112 of the width of alula. B a d213 of front and mid femora black. hind femur almost completely (about 617)black. Front and mid tibiae with black spot a t middle, about mid 113 ofhind tibia black. Tarsi brownish, particularly se,aments 2-4 dark brownon upper side. Long hairs on the Iower side of front femur pale, excepta row of black hairs in apical 213.Abdomen similar as in M. luniger, black, with yellow spots on tergites2-4 separated from each other and from side margin. Yellow spots swollenat the inner end. More than 112 of tergite 8 with yellow margin. In thecentre of sternite 1 a small black rectangular spot, sternites 2-4 with broadblack rectangular spots. Spot on sternite 5 in holotype less conspicuous dueto translucent black ground colour (Fig. 43).Male terminalia. Parameres with conspicuous tooth in lower part. Headof pyxis irregularly formed with distinct tubercle. Upper tooth very short,thick and blunt: Iower tooth slender, long.

Holotype 3 : France, Corsica, Bonifacio, 23. iv. 1963 (leg. H. J. P. Lambeck). Length:body 7.8 mm, wing 6.8 mm, width: head -7.5 mm, abdomen 2.6 mm. Deposited in collectionof Dm. H. J. P. Lambeck, Genetisah Instituut, Opaalweg 20, Utrecht. The holotype is an extremedark form: summer specimens will be probably much lighter. The hairing of the holotype isgreatly reduced. Since ~t is possible that the apparent sparsity of hairs may be due to abrasion,this character has been excluded in the description.Di ffe ren tia l diagnosis. Similar to A t . luniger but distinguished fromit by the broader postocdar orbits, the less reduced rnicrotrichia on thewing membrane and by the characteristic head of the pyxis bearing a robustupper tooth and distinct tubercle.

M e t a s y r p h u s ( X e t a s y r p h u s ) b o re a li s sp. n.(Plates I-V, Figs. 4, 42, 48, 57, 58, 64, 76, 77)

Xale. Anterior angle of approximation of eyes 80"-90". Face in profiIebroadly concave between antennae and facial tubercle. Tubercle in profiledistinctly asymmetrical, abruptly declining towards oral margin. Face pale,spots above antennae absent or light brown, facial tubercle dark, oral margincontinuously black. Black hairs occur aLso in lower half of face among palehairs. Postocular orbits somewhat broader than in M. luniger, with hairsmore fine and less dense than in X. uniger. Segment 3 of antenna ratherrounded, pale or brown to dark brown with pale base.Mesonoturn with whitish hairs. Wing often yellowish tinged in upper part,

vein r4+5 relatively straighter. Xcrotrichia covering almost all wing mem-brane except a band in the middle of basal part of cell 2A, basal part of theGrst basal cell above vena spuria and an area on base of second basal ceII.This area is about as long or shorter than the width of the cell. Front andmid femora in basal 112 and hind femur in basal 213 dark. Long hairs offront femur black also in basal 113, but some paler hairs sometimes inter-mingled a t base.Yellow abdominal spots narrow, in specimens examined narrower thanblack cross-band separating them. Spots on tergites 3 and 4 separated eachfrom other, with anterolateral corners approaching but not reaching latera1


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margin. Generally the spots rather horizontally situated and less lunulate.Margin of tergite 5 continuously yellow. Spots on sternites somewhat moreangular than in M. abiskoensis, but more oval than in X . punctifer (FREY).Male terminalia. Parameres with half-moon-like tooth variable in size in

Iower part. Above tooth a further prominence apparent. Upper side of headof pyxis flat or concave. Upper tooth short, relatively blunt, abruptly sloping.Mouth of tubus with reIatively thick spinules.Holotype 3: U.S.S.R., Kola peninsula, Ponoj (leg. HeU6n). Length: body 8 mm, wing6.6 mm, width: head 2.4 mm, abdomen 2.5 mm. Deposited in the Zoological Museum, HelsinkiPeratype : $, U.S.SX., Kola peninsula, Kusomen (leg.R. Fmy). Deposited in the ZoologicaI

Museum,Helsinki.D if fe re nt ia l diagn osis. Similar to X.uniger, M . punctifer (FREY) nd

H. ambecki, from which it differs in the more extensive hairing of the wingmembrane and in the form of the head of the pyxis, which is angular andhas very thick upper and lower teeth.J fe tasy rphus (Metasyrphus) ab iskoens is sp. n.

(PlatesI-V, Figs. 6, 11, 12, 19, 20, 27, 28, 33, 43, 44, 49, 50, 51 , 56, 62, 78, 79)Male. Vertical triangle relatively broad, broader than in M . luniger andM. boredis (Fig. 62). Anterior angle of approximation of eyes 87"-95".Face broad, broadly concave between antennae and facial tubercle in profile,facial tubercle asymmetrical in profile. Face pale, spots above antennaebrown or absent, facial tubercle dark, oral margin broadly and continuonslydark. Hairs in the lower half of face predominantly pale with more or lessblack hairs intermingled. Segment 3 of antenna rather ronnded, dark brownexcept pale basal part (Fig. 20). Postocdar orbits broad, broader than inM. luniger and also than in X . borealis.Mesonotum black, shining, covered by hairs paler than in X. uniger.Basal part of scutelIum slightly darkened, covered by black hairs in thecentre and with some pale hairs on the margin. Microtrichia covering almostwhole of wing except sometimes basal part of the first and second basalcells and a band along mid fold on cell 2A. Front, mid and hind femoradark in ' 113- 215, 215- 112 and 315-213 respectively. Long black hairs onfront femur apparent also in basal 113, but some pale hairs often intermingled.Abdomen black, dull shining as in M . luniger. Yellow spots on tergite 3with greater tendency to reach side margin with upper corners than withrounded lower corners. Yellow spots on tergites 3 and 4 distinctly separatedfrom each other bu t approaching th e sides of tergites. Lateral mar,& oftergite 5 continuously yellow. Spots on sternites rather rounded, circularor semicircnlar or oval in shape.Male terminalia. Parameres in lower part with a long, very thick, regularlyconical tooth. Head of pyxis elongate, about twice as broad as high, withoutapparent tubercles. Upper tooth very thick, as long as 112 length of Iowertooth or shorter.Fe mal e. Vertex somewhat narrower than in M. luniger. Otherwise faceas in M. luniger. Oral margin with tendency to be black. Xcrotrichia onmembrane of wing about as in male. Front and mid femora in about 113,

4 hind in 114-112 dark. Yellow spots on tergites 3 and 4 narrower than in


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male, semilunular, spots on sternites dark, more rounded than in X . luniger.Length: body 7-9.4 mm, wing 6.6-7.5 mm.Holotype $: Sweden, T. Ipm., Abisko, 2.7. vi. 1951 (leg. J. R.Vockeroth).Length: body5.8 mm, wing 6.8 mm, width: head 2.8 mm, abdomen 2.9 mm.Paratypes : $, same locality data but collected 25. vi. 1951 (No. l),9 , same locality databut collected 27. vi. 1951 (No. 2).Holotype and paratypes deposited in the Canadian National Collection, Ottawa.D if fe re n ti al diagno sis. Very similar to iM. borealis, from which itdiffers by the somewhat broader postocular orbits and the more elongatehead of the pysis.

Metasyrphus (Metasyrphus) t i rolen sis sp. n.(Plates I-I-, Figs. 7, 8, 13, 14 , 23, 31, 34, 35 , 53, 60, 75)

Male. Vertical triangle somewhat longer than sutura of eyes. Anteriorangle of approximation of eyes 85". Face broader than in 31. luniger, facialtubercle in profile abruptly sloping towards oral margin. Between tubercleand oral margin a distinct groove is apparent. Face pale, spots above antennaeonly pale brownish, tubercle and oral margin broadly and continuously dark.Hairs in lower part of face pale with single black hairs intermingled. Segment3 of antenna short, about as long as segments 1 and 2 together, pale brown,paler beneath. Postocular orbits broader than in M. luniger, but somewhatnarrower than in M. latifasciatus (M~CQUART) ,airs on orbits pale only.Scutellum brownish with black hairs (in lighter specimens the scutelIumwill normally be pale). Wing with membrane outside marginal veins broaderthan in M. luniger. Microtrichia on membrane similarly distributed as in,If. luniger. Basal 112 of front and mid femora and basal 415 of hind femurdark, hind tibia with dark spot in the middle occupying 113-1/4 of thetibiae on the external side. Long hairs on base of front femur pde withblack hairs intermingled.Yellow spots on tergites 3 and 4 of characteristic shape (Fig. 34), ratheroblique, separated each from other and from lateral margin. Tergite 5 withmargins continuonsly yellow. Dark spots on sternites rather rectangular andrelativeIy narrow.

Male terminalia. Parameres with large, thick tooth. Head of pysis regalarIyrounded, somewhat broader than high. Upper tooth broad and short, 114length of the lower tooth or less. Lower tooth relatively thick, rather blunt.Fem al e. Frons without dust spots similarIy as in M. latifasciatw. Hairson face somewhat shorter than in M. luniger, about as long as in X. ati-fasciatus. Oral mar,@n brownish to broadly continuously black. Segment 3of antenna about as in Iuniger, more elongate tha n in M. Zatifasciatw. Abdo-men broadly oval, broader than in M. luniqer and M. latifasciatus. Yellowspots similarly characteristic as in male (Fig. 35). Tergite 5 with latendmargins partially darkened. Dark spots on sternites 2-4 narrow, elongate,spot on sternite 5 not so much reduced as in M. latifasciatw.Length: body 8.6- 10.6 mm, wing 7.8-8.4 mm.Holotype $: Austria, Tirol, Obergurgl, 1950 m, 18. vii. 1963 (1%. J. R. Vockeroth). Length:body 9.2 mm, wing 7.8 mm, width: head 3 mm, abdomen 3.3 mm. Deposited in Canadian NationdCollection, OttawaParatypes : 2 QP, same Iocality data but dated 22. vii. 1953 (No. 1 and 2). Deposited in theCanadian National Collection, Ottawa.


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D i f f e r e n t i a l dia gno sis . Distinguished from X. uniger and iM. vaaander-gooti by its broader face and broader postocular orbits , the female by absenceof dust spots on frons, and from M . lambecki, X . borealis, M. abiskoensisand &I. latifasciatus by, among other characters, less intensive covering ofthe wing membrane with microtrichia. Xale terminalia with evenly convexhead of the pyxis, and very short, broad upper tooth and bluntly endedlower tooth,

AcknowledgementsWe express our thanks to Xr. D. X. Ackland (Oxford), Dr. R. Barikowska (Warszawa),Dr. V. BiCik (Olomo&), Prof. J. W. B o p s (Montreal), Dr. A. E. F. Chandler (Beerne), the late

;Mr. R. L. Coe. Doc. Dr. J. C'epel6k (Xitra), the late Mr. P. H. van Doesburg Sr., Dr. V. S. vander Goot (Amsterdam), Dr. M. W. R. de V. Graham (Oxford). Prof. W. Hackman (Helsinki),Dr. A. Kaltenbach (Wien), Dr. H. J. P. Lambeck ( Ut mh t), Dr. J. A. W. Lucas (Rotterdam),-Mr. A. Martelli (Firenze), the late Dr. J. Xoucha (Praha),Dr. L. V.Peck (Frunze), Dr. H. Schu-mann (Berlin). Dr. X. . D. Speight (Dublin), Prof. A. A. Stac kelb eg (Leningrad), Dr. J. StehlikfBrno), Dr. P. Qtys (Praha), Dr. J. R. Voclteroth (Ottawa), Dr. L. V. Zimina (Moskva) for theloan of th e material of the previously undescnbed species and for other material. We also thankDr. van der Goot, Dr. Spe~qht,Prof. Stackelberg and Dr. Vockeroth for profitable advice andinformation and for extr a interwt in our work. We are much indebted t o Dr. Q t y s and Dr. T a hOkuno (Osaka) for providing us with literature and information.

L I T E R A T U R EEHDERLEIN., 1938: BertrHge zur Renntnis der Syrphiden. Sit&. Gea. -Vatcrf. Fr. Berlin,4-7 :192-237.FLUKEC. L., 1949: Some Alaskan syrphid flies, with descriptions of new species. C. S. Nat.Mus. Proc.. 100 : 9-54.FLUKE. L., 1950: The male genitalia of Syrphus, Epistrophe and related genera (Diptera,Syrphidae). Tram.Wi.9. A c d . Sci. Art8 Lett., ?& :115- 148.Gom V. S. VAX DER, 1961: Zweefvliegenvanpt op Corsica. Ent. Ber., f :219- 224.L ~ B E C K., 1916: Diptera Danica. Genera and species of flies hitherto found in Denmark.Vol. 5: Lonchopteridee-Syrphidae,03 pp., Copenhagen (Gad).JZaTsrrxw~~. & ADACRIJ., 1917: Synopsis of the economic Syrphidae of Japan. Pt. 2. Ent. Mag.,- -Kyoto, 2 :133- 156.XEIGENJ. W.. 1822: Svstematische Be vc hr eibw der bekomten europaischen zu-eiflugeligen1-kten. Vol. 3, 416 bp., H a m . -VOCKEROTR. R., 1969: A revision of the genera of the Syrphii i (Diptera: Syrphidae). Mem.Ent. Soc. Canada, 62 :1- 176.

AIrthm8' uddrebm: Ing. J. D&k, GSc., V p k B Bkols zem6d8bk8 v Bm8, Zem6d6lskB 1,662 66 Brno; Ing. P. U k a , CSc., VJizkamnjr b t a v zelimGslj, 772 36 Olomoua,Czechoslovakia.426

dusek(1973)descriptions of five new european species of the genus metasyrphus-ocr

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