during this lesson, you will explain: -the pattern atomic number, mass -atomic radius -ionization...
TRANSCRIPT
During this lesson, you will explain:
- The pattern atomic number, mass- Atomic radius- Ionization energy- Electron affinity
Across a periodandDown a group
Section 3 Trends in the Periodic Table
• Draw atomic models of lithium, magnesium, and fluorine.
• From the models, predict whether the ions of these elements will be larger or smaller than the atoms. Be sure to justify your predictions.
Chapter 4
Copyright © by Holt, Rinehart and Winston. All rights reserved.
ResourcesChapter menu
Ionization Energy, continued
Section 3 Trends in the Periodic TableChapter 4
Variables in Trend changes: use these in your explanations (why)
1. Distance of electron from nucleus: The farther away, the lower the attraction.
2. Nuclear attraction- Electrostatic attraction of opposite charges (+ and -) More protons, more attraction to electron, at same distance.
3. Shielding- inner electrons blocking the attraction of the nucleus to outer electrons.
Atomic Number•Increases across a period•Increases down a family
Atomic Mass•Increases across a period•Increases down a family
Atomic Radius:•Decreases across a period
WHY?
due to increased attraction of more positive nuclei to negative electron•Increases down a family
WHY?
due to addition of an energy level (shell)
Copyright © by Holt, Rinehart and Winston. All rights reserved.
ResourcesChapter menu
Periodic Trends of Radii
Section 3 Trends in the Periodic TableChapter 4
Electron Affinity
Amount of energy released when an atom gains an electron
•Increase across a period•Decrease down a family
Copyright © by Holt, Rinehart and Winston. All rights reserved.
ResourcesChapter menu
Section 3 Trends in the Periodic TableChapter 4
Ionization Energy
Energy required to remove an electron from neutral atom.
What is the trend of the ionization energy?
Graph paper, your PT (use data of energy)
X –axis group number
Y-axis ionization energy
Copyright © by Holt, Rinehart and Winston. All rights reserved.
Resources
Ionization Energy,
Section 3 Trends in the Periodic TableChapter 4
Copyright © by Holt, Rinehart and Winston. All rights reserved.
Ionization Energy, continued
Section 3 Trends in the Periodic TableChapter 4
Ion • Atom gain or lose electrons to become an ion.
• Atoms that lose electrons become + charged ions. Ii is called CATION.
• Atoms that gain electrons become - charged ions. It is called ANION.
Copyright © by Holt, Rinehart and Winston. All rights reserved.
Periodic Trends of Radii
Section 3 Trends in the Periodic TableChapter 4
Check your understanding (Quiz)
The lowest energy state of an atom is called _________.
a. Excited stateb. Ground statec. Independent stated. Configurational state
Check your understanding (Quiz)
Use your PT to determine which of the following elements has the largest atomic number
a. Nab. Kc. Lid. Rb
Check your understanding (Quiz)
Use your PT to determine which of the following elements has the largest atomic radius
a. Cb. Nc. Od. F
Check your understanding (Quiz)
Use your PT to determine which of the following elements has the largest ionization energy
a. Ib. Fc. Cld. Br
Check your understanding (Quiz)
Use your PT to determine which of the following elements has the largest electron affinity
a. Pb. Sic. Cld. S
Check your understanding (Quiz)