drug education

Drug EducationNTSP 2

Prepared by: Mary Aretha D. Rocha, RM, RN, MAN

OBJECTIVES• Instill among students greater understanding

and awareness about Drugs and the cause and effect of Drug Abuse.

• Equip the students with the basic skills in supporting the community to promote and preserve “drug-abuse free” culture.

• Develop and build each student to possess a high level of social awareness.

DRUG• Any substance or product that is used or

intended to be used to modify or explore the physiological system or pathological state in the benefit of the recipient.

• In common usage, the term often refers specifically to *psychoactive drugs, and often, even more specifically, to illicit drugs, of which there is non-medical use in addition to any medical use.

- WHO

DRUG ABUSE• Also known as “Substance Abuse”

• Refers to the harmful or hazardous use of psychoactive drugs.

TYPES OF DRUGS

Uppers (Stimulants)

Stimulants are a class of psychoactive drug that tend to increase activity in the brain. These drugs can temporarily elevate alertness, mood and awareness. While some stimulant drugs are legal and widely used, all can be addicting. Drugs that are classed as stimulants include caffeine, nicotine, cocaine, amphetamines and some prescription drugs.

TYPES OF DRUGS

Downers (Depressants)

These types of drugs slow you down. This can make you feel happy and relaxed. They can also make you have no shame, feel down, angry or jealous. It can cause unconsciousness, vomiting and death. Alcohol, benzos, tranquillisers, heroin and some pain killers are classified as downers.

TYPES OF DRUGS

Crazy (Hallucinogens)

These types of drugs can affect thinking, alter moods and distort perceptions. The effects can be different each time. Drugs that are classed as Hallucinogens include marijuana, LSD, psilocybin (derived from a type of mushroom) and mescaline (found in the peyote cactus).

COMMONLY ABUSED DRUG

I. ECSTASY (MDMA)

COMMONLY ABUSED DRUG

I. ECSTASY (MDMA)

VIDEO

COMMONLY ABUSED DRUGSI. ECSTASY (MDMA)

Classified as either an “Upper” or “Hallucinogen”

A synthetic, psychoactive (mind-altering) drug with hallucinogenic and amphetamine-like properties.

A recreational drug and causes increased awareness of one’s senses. It is usually used before having sex as it heightens your senses. People often feel a sense of mental clarity and self awareness.

COMMONLY DRUG ABUSEDI. ECSTASY (MDMA)

• MDMA is the methylenedioxy derivative of methamphetamine.

• Synonyms: Methylenedioxymethamphetamine (MDA), Adam, Xtc, X, Hug, Go, Hug Drug, Beans and Love Drug

• Ecstasy as a cure for Cancer*

COMMONLY DRUG ABUSEDI. ECSTASY (MDMA)

• Methods of Administration:

Primarily oral administration, could conceivably be dissolved and injected, or crushed and snorted.

COMMONLY DRUG ABUSEDI. ECSTASY (MDMA)• Short Term Effects:

Impaired judgment False sense of affection Confusion Depression Sleep problems Severe anxiety Paranoia Drug cravings Muscle tension Faintness and chills or swelling Involuntary teeth clenching Blurred vision Nausea

COMMONLY DRUG ABUSEDI. ECSTASY (MDMA)• Long Term Effects:

Long-lasting brain damage affecting thought and memoryDamage to portions of the brain that regulate learning,

sleep and emotionDegenerated nerve branches and nerve endingsMemory lossKidney failureHemorrhagingPsychosisCardiovascular collapseConvulsionsDeath

COMMONLY DRUG ABUSEDI. ECSTASY (MDMA)• Faces of Ecstasy

The LEFT image was taken when the subject first used ecstasy in 2001 and the RIGHT image was taken in 2008.

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COMMONLY DRUG ABUSEDI. ECSTASY (MDMA)• Faces of Ecstasy Changes in the ecstasy user's face for 8 months

The LEFT picture was taken in January 2008 and the RIGHT picture was taken, AFTER 7 MONTHS of ECSTASY INTAKE, in

August 2008.

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COMMONLY DRUG ABUSEDII. Cannabis/Marijuana


Classified as “Hallucinogenic”

A non-synthetic substance consisting of dried flowers, leaves, stems and seeds of the hemp plant Cannabis sativa and Cannabis indica. Also contains a psychoactive chemical, tetrahydrocannabinol (THC), in its leaves, buds and flowers.

Marijuana is the most commonly used illicit drug, with forty-two percent of American adults reporting that they have used it.

• Synonyms: Pot, Weed, Grass, Ganja, Hashish, Herb, Blubbers, Gangster, Hash oil


• Methods of Administration:Smoked - rolled cigarette (joint, spliff, doobie or blunt),

pipe or fruit bong.


• Methods of Administration:Ingested - mixed with food such as brownies or other

baked goods and is also brewed as a tea.


• Is it possible to use Marijuana as a therapeutic aid?Research continues on the possible therapeutic

uses of marijuana and its active ingredients. Resulting medications show promise for treating neuropathic pain, addiction, multiple sclerosis, obesity, irritable bowel syndrome, and other conditions.

However, the scientific evidence to date is not sufficient for the marijuana plant to gain FDA approval, and there are a number of reasons why*


• Short-Term Effects Relaxation and giddiness Euphoria, paranoia and anxiety After an initial “up,” the user feels sleepy or

depressed Increased hunger, dry mouth, and blood-shot

eyes Memory and perceptions may be impaired Increased heartbeat (and risk of heart attack)


• Long-Term Effects Reduced resistance to common illnesses (colds, bronchitis, etc.) Suppression of the immune system Growth disorders Increase of abnormally structured cells in the body Reduction of male sex hormones Rapid destruction of lung fibers and lesions (injuries) to the brain

could be permanent Reduced sexual capacity Study difficulties: reduced ability to learn and retain information Apathy, drowsiness, lack of motivation Personality and mood changes Inability to understand things clearly

COMMONLY DRUG ABUSEDIII. Inhalants


These are chemical vapors that a person inhales intentionally in order to produce a mind-altering or pleasurable effect. Inhalants are not only legal, they are widely and commonly available, and there are over 1,000 household Inhalant products which include volatile solvents, aerosol sprays, and other products.


Huffing or inhaling such substances is a common form of drug experimentation in children because the products are easily available.

In the National Survey on Drug Use and Health, one in every five kids uses inhalants and mostly, 12 year olds are using inhalants more than marijuana, hallucinogens and cocaine combined.


• Street Names:

Air blastAmesAmysAroma of menBoltBoppersBulletBullet boltBuzz bombWhiteout

DiscoramaHardwareHeart-onHiagra in a bottleHighballHippie crackHuffLaughing gasLocker roomMedusa

Moon gasOzPearlsPoor man’s potPoppersQuicksilverRush SnappersSatan’s secretShoot the breezeSnappers

SnotballsSprayTexas shoe shineThrustToilet waterTonchoWhippets


• Method of Administration:

-Inhalation

• Short-Term Effects* Slurred speech Drunk, dizzy or dazed

appearance Inability to coordinate

movement Hallucinations and delusions Hostility Apathy Impaired judgment Unconsciousness

Severe headaches Rashes around the nose and

mouth Irregular and rapid heartbeat

and lead to heart failure and death within minutes.

Sudden death from suffocation can occur by replacing oxygen in the lungs with the chemical, and then in the central nervous system, so that breathing ceases.


• Long-Term Effects Muscle weakness Disorientation Lack of coordination Irritability Depression Serious and sometimes irreversible damage to the heart, liver,

kidneys, lungs and brain Memory impairment, diminished intelligence Hearing loss Bone marrow damage Deaths from heart failure or asphyxiation (loss of oxygen)

COMMONLY DRUG ABUSEDIV. Opiates


Opiates are type of narcotic drug that act as “depressants” in the central nervous system (CNS) to relieve pain.

Opiates came from opium, which can be produced naturally from poppy plants or derived from semi-synthetic alkaloids.

Opiates in low doses have been included in medicines or have been used in hospitals by those professionally trained to administer them in aid to relieve pain.


• Street Names: Opium

Big OBlack stuffBlockGumHopDover’s powder


• Street Names: Heroin

Dope Smack H Train Thunder Black tar China

whitehorse Junk

Antifreeze

Brown sugar

Henry Horse Skag Hero Hell dust


• Street Names: Fentanyl

Apache China girl China

white Dance

fever Friend Goodfella King ivory Murder 8

TNT Tango Cash


• Street Names: Morphine

M Miss Emma Monkey White stuff Dreamer


• Street Names: Codeine

Schoolboy Cough syrup T-three’s

(Tylenol #3 with codeine)

Hydrocodone Vikes Viko Norco Hydro

Oxycodone Ox Oxicotten Oxycet


• Short-Term Effects:DrowsinessSlowed breathingConstipationUnconsciousnessNauseaComa


• Long-Term Effects:Physical dependence & addictionPresence of the drug and withdrawal symptoms* occur if

use is reduced or stopped. Tolerance can also occur, meaning that long-term users

must increase their doses to achieve the same effect.Respiratory depressionIncreased risk of heart attackComaDeath

COMMONLY DRUG ABUSEDV. Cocaine

CRACKCOCAIN

E


Cocaine is an extraction of the leaves of the Erythroxylon coca bush (coca plant), which is indigenous to the Andean highlands of South America. Most of the cocaine available in the U.S. is transported from the country of Colombia.

Chemically, it is a Benzoylmethyl ecgonine, a crystalline alkaloid. It is classified as a stimulant, appetite suppressant, and anesthetic.


In 1886, Coca-Cola contained an estimated nine milligrams of cocaine per glass but it was removed in 1903.

Coca-Cola started using "spent" leaves – the leftovers of the cocaine-extraction process with trace levels of cocaine.

Cocaine was first regulated under federal law by the Harrison Act of 1914. *


FORMS CRACK COCAINE

Administration: Smoking Snorted, Oral or Injection

Characteristics: Crystal Rock Powder

Process: NOT neutralized by acid (pure)

Neutralized by acid

Cost: Cheaper Costly

Potency: 10-15 secs 10-15 min

Terms of imprisonment: 5g = 5 years 500g = 5 years

Street names Beam, Bopper, Candy, CDs, Electric kool-aid, Girl, Mighty white, Pop, Real tops, Rock, Sevenup, Space, Twinkie and Yam.

All-American drug, Aunt Nora, Barbs, Blow, Coke, Dream, Foo-foo dust, Her, King’s habit, Peruvian lady, Snow, Tardust, Witch and Zip.


• Methods of Administration:- snorting through the nose - injecting into the bloodstream- smoking to produce vapors

*COCAINE + ALCOHOL = COCAETHYLENE


• Short-Term Effects:Intense feeling of high

within minutesLoss of appetiteIncreased heart rate,

blood pressure, body temperature

Contracted blood vesselsIncreased rate of

breathingDilated pupilsDisturbed sleep patternsNauseaHyperstimulation

Bizarre, erratic, sometimes violent behavior

Hallucinations, hyperexcitability, irritability

Tactile hallucination that creates the illusion of bugs burrowing under the skin

Intense euphoriaAnxiety and paranoiaDepressionIntense drug cravingPanic and psychosisConvulsions, seizures and

sudden death from high doses (even one time)


• Long-Term Effects:Permanent damage to

blood vessels of heart and brain

High blood pressure, leading to heart attacks, strokes, and death

Liver, kidney and lung damage

Destruction of tissues in nose if sniffed

Respiratory failure if smoked

Infectious diseases and abscesses if injected

Malnutrition, weight loss

Severe tooth decay

Auditory and tactile hallucinations

Sexual problems, reproductive damage and infertility (for both men and women)

Disorientation, apathy, confused exhaustion

Irritability and mood disturbances

Increased frequency of risky behavior

Delirium or psychosisSevere depressionTolerance and addiction

(even after just one use)

RANDOM DRUG TESTING

A process where the Company or School will randomly test employees or students for compliance with its drug-free place policy.

As used in this Policy, "random testing" means a method of selection for testing, performed by an outside third party.

The selection will result in an equal probability that anyone will be tested. Furthermore, they will have no discretion to waive the selection made in this random selection method.

drug education

Health & Medicine

ecstasy users

used ecstasy

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right picture

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months of ecstasy intake

monthsthe left picture

gas locker room medusamoon