drug classification lesson 1. psychopharmacology n study of drugs that affect nervous system n study...
TRANSCRIPT
![Page 1: Drug Classification Lesson 1. Psychopharmacology n Study of drugs that affect nervous system n Study effects of the drug l e.g. prenatal methamphetamine](https://reader036.vdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022083005/56649f1c5503460f94c31b27/html5/thumbnails/1.jpg)
Drug Classification
Lesson 1
![Page 2: Drug Classification Lesson 1. Psychopharmacology n Study of drugs that affect nervous system n Study effects of the drug l e.g. prenatal methamphetamine](https://reader036.vdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022083005/56649f1c5503460f94c31b27/html5/thumbnails/2.jpg)
Psychopharmacology
Study of drugs that affect nervous system
Study effects of the drug e.g. prenatal methamphetamine
Drugs as tools to study functions of nervous system e.g., cocaine & reward systems ~
![Page 3: Drug Classification Lesson 1. Psychopharmacology n Study of drugs that affect nervous system n Study effects of the drug l e.g. prenatal methamphetamine](https://reader036.vdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022083005/56649f1c5503460f94c31b27/html5/thumbnails/3.jpg)
My Interests
Prenatal & postnatal consequenses Drugs of abuse Environmental teratogens
Prenatal effects on neural development Postnatal behavior
Postnatal Addiction ~
![Page 4: Drug Classification Lesson 1. Psychopharmacology n Study of drugs that affect nervous system n Study effects of the drug l e.g. prenatal methamphetamine](https://reader036.vdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022083005/56649f1c5503460f94c31b27/html5/thumbnails/4.jpg)
Drug effects are variable!
Course Goal: Understanding factors that produce variability
1. Pharmacological
2. Neurophysiological
3. Psychological
4. Survey of specific drugs ~
![Page 5: Drug Classification Lesson 1. Psychopharmacology n Study of drugs that affect nervous system n Study effects of the drug l e.g. prenatal methamphetamine](https://reader036.vdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022083005/56649f1c5503460f94c31b27/html5/thumbnails/5.jpg)
Psychoactive Drugs
Drug Biologically Active chemically alters cell structure/function Exclude: Natural Foods/Water
Alters function of nervous system Consciousness Emotions Perceptions Behavior ~
![Page 6: Drug Classification Lesson 1. Psychopharmacology n Study of drugs that affect nervous system n Study effects of the drug l e.g. prenatal methamphetamine](https://reader036.vdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022083005/56649f1c5503460f94c31b27/html5/thumbnails/6.jpg)
Drug Names At least 3 names
1. Chemical name describes molecular structure
2. Generic name official legal name
3. Trade name brand name
Street name ~
![Page 7: Drug Classification Lesson 1. Psychopharmacology n Study of drugs that affect nervous system n Study effects of the drug l e.g. prenatal methamphetamine](https://reader036.vdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022083005/56649f1c5503460f94c31b27/html5/thumbnails/7.jpg)
Example: Amphetamine
dl-2 amino-1 phenylpropane
dl-amphetamine
Benzedrine
speed, bennies, whites, etc.~
chemical
generic
trade
street
![Page 8: Drug Classification Lesson 1. Psychopharmacology n Study of drugs that affect nervous system n Study effects of the drug l e.g. prenatal methamphetamine](https://reader036.vdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022083005/56649f1c5503460f94c31b27/html5/thumbnails/8.jpg)
Example: Valium
7-chloro--1-methyl-5-phenyl-3H-1,4-benzodiazepin-2[1H]-one
diazepam
valium
tranks, downers, blues, yellows
chemical
generic
trade
street
![Page 9: Drug Classification Lesson 1. Psychopharmacology n Study of drugs that affect nervous system n Study effects of the drug l e.g. prenatal methamphetamine](https://reader036.vdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022083005/56649f1c5503460f94c31b27/html5/thumbnails/9.jpg)
Example: Lunesta (+)-(5S)-6-(chloropyridin-2-yl)-7-oxo-
6,7-dihydro-5H-pyrrolo[3,4-b] pyrazin-5-yl 4-methylpiperazine-1-carboxylate
eszopiclone
Lunesta
? street
generic
trade
chemical
![Page 10: Drug Classification Lesson 1. Psychopharmacology n Study of drugs that affect nervous system n Study effects of the drug l e.g. prenatal methamphetamine](https://reader036.vdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022083005/56649f1c5503460f94c31b27/html5/thumbnails/10.jpg)
Drug Equivalence Important to know when prescribing Chemical equivalence
identical chemical compounds e.g., Miltown & Equanil (meprobamate)
Biological equivalence different chemical compounds affect the same systems in same way e.g., Prozac vs. Zoloft ~
![Page 11: Drug Classification Lesson 1. Psychopharmacology n Study of drugs that affect nervous system n Study effects of the drug l e.g. prenatal methamphetamine](https://reader036.vdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022083005/56649f1c5503460f94c31b27/html5/thumbnails/11.jpg)
Drug Equivalence
Clinical equivalence same behavioral effect different chemical compounds
affecting different systems e.g., thorazine vs. lithium ~
![Page 12: Drug Classification Lesson 1. Psychopharmacology n Study of drugs that affect nervous system n Study effects of the drug l e.g. prenatal methamphetamine](https://reader036.vdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022083005/56649f1c5503460f94c31b27/html5/thumbnails/12.jpg)
Drug Classification
Several schemes use depends on goals
Not easy to classify each drug wide range of properties
Psychopharmacology: CNS & Behavioral ~
![Page 13: Drug Classification Lesson 1. Psychopharmacology n Study of drugs that affect nervous system n Study effects of the drug l e.g. prenatal methamphetamine](https://reader036.vdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022083005/56649f1c5503460f94c31b27/html5/thumbnails/13.jpg)
Text: CNS & Behavioral Effects CNS Stimulants
Cocaine, amphetamine CNS Depressants
Barbiturates, alcohol Analgesics
Morphine, codeine Hallucinogens
Mescaline, LSD, psilocybin Psychotherapeutics
Prozac, thorazine ~
![Page 14: Drug Classification Lesson 1. Psychopharmacology n Study of drugs that affect nervous system n Study effects of the drug l e.g. prenatal methamphetamine](https://reader036.vdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022083005/56649f1c5503460f94c31b27/html5/thumbnails/14.jpg)
Drug laws & legal classification
Controlled Substances Act of 1970 5 schedules
abuse potential medicinal value
Schedule I high abuse potential no accepted medicinal value ~
![Page 15: Drug Classification Lesson 1. Psychopharmacology n Study of drugs that affect nervous system n Study effects of the drug l e.g. prenatal methamphetamine](https://reader036.vdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022083005/56649f1c5503460f94c31b27/html5/thumbnails/15.jpg)
Drug laws & legal classification
Schedule II high abuse potential accepted medicinal value
Schedule III moderate abuse potential
Schedule IV - low abuse potential Schedule V - abuse potential < IV ~
![Page 16: Drug Classification Lesson 1. Psychopharmacology n Study of drugs that affect nervous system n Study effects of the drug l e.g. prenatal methamphetamine](https://reader036.vdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022083005/56649f1c5503460f94c31b27/html5/thumbnails/16.jpg)
Drug Schedules & Regulation
Schedule I Cannot be prescribed Research: tightly regulated
Schedule II Can prescribe, but no refills Research: yearly registration
Schedule III, IV, V Prescribe up to 5 refills over 6
months ~
![Page 17: Drug Classification Lesson 1. Psychopharmacology n Study of drugs that affect nervous system n Study effects of the drug l e.g. prenatal methamphetamine](https://reader036.vdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022083005/56649f1c5503460f94c31b27/html5/thumbnails/17.jpg)
Classification Problems
Alcohol effects General nervous system depressant
Effects depend on dose Low dose behavioral excitation High dose behavioral inhibition
What are the effects of alcohol?
It depends! ~
![Page 18: Drug Classification Lesson 1. Psychopharmacology n Study of drugs that affect nervous system n Study effects of the drug l e.g. prenatal methamphetamine](https://reader036.vdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022083005/56649f1c5503460f94c31b27/html5/thumbnails/18.jpg)
Another Example
Attention Deficit Hyperactive Disorder hyperkinesis
Treatment: Ritalin Methylphenidate
classified as a sedative? No, a stimulant ~
![Page 19: Drug Classification Lesson 1. Psychopharmacology n Study of drugs that affect nervous system n Study effects of the drug l e.g. prenatal methamphetamine](https://reader036.vdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022083005/56649f1c5503460f94c31b27/html5/thumbnails/19.jpg)
No Magic Bullets!
Drug delivered into system Affects all cells that have receptors
Desired effect
= therapeutic effect All other effects
= side effects
All drugs have multiple effects ~
![Page 20: Drug Classification Lesson 1. Psychopharmacology n Study of drugs that affect nervous system n Study effects of the drug l e.g. prenatal methamphetamine](https://reader036.vdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022083005/56649f1c5503460f94c31b27/html5/thumbnails/20.jpg)
What are a drug’s effects?
IT DEPENDS Many sources of variability A focus of this course
Deciding to use a drug weigh benefits vs. risks there are always risks ~