dr.shahzadi tayyaba hashmi dnt 243. gingival cyst of adult: usually form after the age 40 ...
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DISORDERS OF MAXILLA AND MANDIBLE(CYSTS
AND TUMOURS)
DR.SHAHZADI TAYYABA HASHMI
DNT 243
DEVELOPMENTAL ODONTOGENIC CYSTS
GINGIVAL CYST OF ADULT: Usually form after the age 40 Clinically, they form dome-shaped
swellings less than 1cm in diameter. They are lined by very thin, flat, stratified
squamous epithelium. Can be treated by Enucleation
INFLAMMATORY ODONTOGENIC CYST
PERIAPICAL CYST:An Odontogenic cyst derived from rests
of MALASSEZ that proliferate in response to inflammation
Rests of MALASSEZ are the remnants of HERTWIG’S EPETHELIAL root sheath that persist in the periodontal ligament after root formation is complete
PATHOLOGY
Cyst arises from rests of MALASSEZ, which enlarge in response to inflammation elicited by bacterial infection of pulp
Proliferation of epithelial lining and fibrous capsule
Hydrostatic pressure of cyst fluid
RESORPTION of surrounding bone
CLINICAL FEATURES
Develops at the apex of root adjacent to pulp canal opening
Measures less than 1cm in diameter
RADIOGRAPHIC FEATURES:Appears as \rounded, well-circumscribed radiolucency at the apex of a non-vital
tooth
HISTOPATHOLOGY AND TREATMENT
Characterized by a cavity lined with a layer of non-keratinized Squamous epithelium
Cysts are usually inflamed and neutrophils are present within the epithelial lining
TREATMENT:
Surgical enucleation after extraction
If Periapical cyst is not removed, residual cyst may develop A cyst that remains at the site ofpreviously extracted toothIs termed as Residual cyst
NON-ODONTOGENIC CYSTS
Nasopalatine duct cysts
Nasolabial cyst
NASOPALATINE DUCT CYST(INCISIVE CANAL CYST)
CLINICAL FEATURES: Slow growing cysts Occasionally they cause intermittent discharge with a salty
taste May cause swelling in the midline of the anterior part of the
palate near the incisive foramen
RADIOGRAPHIC FEATURES: Oval or heart shaped radiolucency located in the midline of anterior maxilla between the roots of central incisors
TREATMENT: Surgical enucleationusing a palatal approach
NASOLABIAL CYST
A developmental cyst of the soft tissues of the anterior mucobuccal fold beneath the ala of the nose
Also known as Nasoalveolar Cyst
CLINICAL FEATURES: Unilateral or bilateral painless soft tissue
swelling Common in females
TREATMENT Surgical ENUCLEATION
ODONTOGENIC And
NON-ODONTOGENICTUMOURS of
JAWS
IMPORTANT TYPES OF ODONTOGENIC TUMOURS
BENIGN EPITHELIAL NEOPLASMS:1. AMELOBLASTOMA and its variants2. SQUAMOUS ODONTOGENIC TUMOUR (SOT)3. CALCIFYING ODONTOGENIC TUMOUR (COT)4. ADENOMATOID ODONTOGENIC TUMOUR (AOT)5. CALCIFYING ODONTOGENIC CYST
BENIGN MIXED EPITHELIAL AND CONNECTIVE TISSUE NEOPLASMS:
• AMELOBLASTIC FIBROMA
IMPORTANT TYPES OF ODONTOGENIC TUMOURS
BENIGN CONNECTIVE TISSUE NEOPLASMS
ODONTOGENIC FIBROMA ODONTOGENIC MYXOMA CEMENTOBLASTOMA
MALIGNANT EPITHELIAL NEOPLASMS
ODONTOGENIC CARCINOMAS CLEAR CELL ODONTOGENIC CARCINOMA
MALIGNANT CONNECTIVE TISSUE NEOPLASMS ODONTOGENIC SARCOMAS
3) CALCIFYING EPETHELIAL ODONTOGENIC TUMOUR (CEOT)
Also known as PINDBORG TUMOUR Usually present between age 40 and 70 Most commonly forms in posterior
mandible Locally invasive but does not metastasize May be unilocular or multilocular
TREATMENT: Treated by excision with a small margin