drr presentation made for oxfam au staff and partners
TRANSCRIPT
Lafir S. Mohamed | Project Manager
Practical Action Regional Programme
DISASTER MANAGEMENT AND RISK REDUCTION – AN OVERVIEW
24 JANUARY 2013
DAMBULLA
WHY
WE IN
Are Interested
Excited
Feel Important
Work for
DISASTERS
Worry
NATURAL DISASTERS
IMPACT ON; o Loss of Lives
o Jobs (long or short term)
o Social structures (displacement, resettlement, loss of members of the family)
o Vulnerable community (children, women, elderly, disabled)
o Economy - Livelihoods (loss of crops, no Fishing, )
o Development – Infrastructure, institutions, projects
o Education (No schools, occupied by displaced)
Impacts in statists
In Sri Lanka
PERIOD DISASTER
AFFECTED
DEATHS HOUSES DAMAGED
FAMILIES PEOPLE PARTIALLY FULLY
Dec 2009 Floods &
Landslides 100735 372124 03 1919 200
May 2010 Floods &
Landslides 141586 606072 20 1913 466
Oct 2010 Floods &
Landslides 599 2060 10 86 11
Nov 2010 Floods &
Landslides 14200 58667 02 75 420
Jan 2011
Floods &
Landslides
294092
1117943
44
26194
7917
Feb 2011 372576 1276510 18 22515 4240
In Sri Lanka - Econ ..
DISASTER DATE DAMAGE (000 US$)
Earthquake (seismic activity)
26-Dec-2004 1,316,500
Flood 1-Feb-2011 300,000
Flood 5-Jun-1992 250,000
Flood 5-Jan-2011 200,000
Flood 14-May-2010 105,000
Storm 24-Nov-1978 100,000
Storm 22-Dec-1964 37,300
Flood 30-May-1989 35,000
Flood 2-Jun-1991 30,000
Flood 17-May-2003 29,000
So the need for working on
DISASTER RISK REDUCTION
and building Resilience to
Disasters is highly demanded
• It not only take away over lives BUT
our livelihoods as well.
Basic concepts of DRR
Commonly used terms
• HAZARD
• VULNERABILITY
• CAPACITY
• DISASTER
UNDERSTANDING THE BASICS
HAZARD- – Natural phenomenon
– NOT all the natural events are Disasters
UNDERSTANDING THE BASICS
VULNERABILITY - “the tendency of things
to be damaged by a hazard”.
Socio-economic indicators of
vulnerability for Sri Lanka
– poverty
– Gender and disability
– population density
– unemployment
– migration
– malnutrition
– growth of large informal economies in unplanned cities
– socio-political tensions and uncertainty
– absence of sound regulatory practices, and
– unsustainable environmental practices
DISASTER
The serious disruption of the functioning of
society, causing widespread human,
material or environmental losses, which
exceed the ability of the affected people to
cope using their own resources.
CAPACITY "a combination of all the strengths and
resources available within a community,
society or organization that can reduce the
level of risk, or the effects of a disaster"
UN/ISDR (2004)
Knowledge, awareness, absorbing
shocks, planning
A disaster is possible
When Hazard and Vulnerability is there
Disaster = Hazard x Vulnerability
DISASTER Risk Reduction
• Disaster risk reduction: The conceptual framework of
elements considered with the possibilities to minimize
vulnerabilities and disaster risks throughout a society, to
avoid (prevention) or to limit (mitigation and
preparedness) the adverse impacts of hazards, within
the broad context of sustainable development.
Disaster Management Cycle
Respond
Recover Mitigate
Prepare
Disaster Management Cycle
Respond
Recover Mitigate
Prepare Disaster
Disaster Management Cycle
Respond
Recover Mitigate
Prepare Disaster
Disaster Management Cycle
Respond
Recover Mitigate
Prepare Disaster
Disaster Management Cycle
Respond
Recover Mitigate
Prepare Disaster
Disaster Management Models
Development and Disasters
• Development can create a Disaster
• A disaster can be an opportunity for
development
• Senility towards Disasters in development
(LH, Infrastructure, Social development)
Development and Disaster Model
Source: UNDP DMTP 1994
Legal and Institutional Framework
Provides for a Framework for Disaster Risk
Management (DRM) in Sri Lanka
Addresses Disaster Management (DM) holistically,
leading to a policy shift from response based
mechanisms to a proactive approach
Measures have been taken to amend the act to
address the DRM concerns after 05 years of
implementation
Sri Lanka Disaster Management Act; No.13 of 2005
National Council For Disaster
Management
DMC
Social Services
Home Affairs
Health
Defence
Power
Coast
Conservation
Housing
Irrigation
Science &
Technology
Rehabilitation &
Reconstruction
Police
Land
Fisheries &
Aquatic Resources
Education
Highways
Water Supply
Urban
Development
Foreign Affairs
Finance
Environment
Ministers in charge of National Council for
Disaster Management
Chair Person : H.E. President
Vice Chairman: Hon. Prime Minister
Leader of Opposition
Nine Provincial Chief Ministers
Five MPs from Opposition
Ministry of Disaster
Management
Ministers in charge of
Economic
Development
• The Disaster Management Centre was
established in August 2005 under the
National Council for Disaster Management
• The Ministry of Disaster Management
was established in December 2005 and
DMC became the implementing agency of
the Ministry
Disaster Management Centre (Director General)
National
Consultants
Personnel &
Administration
Branch Media Unit
Finance Branch
24 x 7
National
Emergency
Operation
Centre
Training,
Education
& Public
Awareness
Unit
Preparedness
Planning
Unit
Multi-Hazard
Early warning
&
Dissemination
Unit
District Emergency Operation Centers
Assistant Directors (Districts)
Disaster Management Assistants
Intermediate & Local Levels
National Level
Tech. Com. in
each division
Disaster
Management
Technology,
Mitigation
Unit
Risk
Assessment,
Data
Collection,
Research &
Analysis
Centre
Organizational Structure - Disaster Management Centre
Disaster Management Centre
District Secretary District Disaster Management Committee
Prov. Level Disaster Management Committee
Assistant Directors - Districts
Local Authority Committees
Emergency Op. Rooms
Govt. Departments Military & Police
Private Sector
NGOs/ Civil Societies
Div. Level Committees
GN Committees
Village volunteer Committees
Early Warning, Medical / Health, Search & Rescue, Camp Management & Security Committees
Business Communities
Disaster Risk Management Mechanism at Sub-national Level
Disaster Management Centre
District Secretary District Disaster Management Committee
Assistant Directors - Districts
Emergency Op. Rooms
Govt. Departments
Div. Level Committees
GN Committees NGOs/ Civil Societies Village volunteer
Committees Business Communities
Disaster Management Centre
District Secretary District Disaster Management Committee
Assistant Directors - Districts
Emergency Op. Rooms
Govt. Departments
Div. Level Committees
GN Committees
Military & Police
Private Sector
NGOs/ Civil Societies Village
volunteer Committees
Business Communities
Disaster Management
Centre
District Secretary District Disaster Management
Committee
Assistant Directors - Districts
Emergency Op. Rooms
Govt. Departments
Div. Level Committees
GN Committees
Disaster Management
Coordination Structure National Disaster Management Coordinating Committee
District Disaster Management Committees
Divisional Disaster Management Committees
Community Disaster Management Committee
Sub Committees
• Early Warning,
• Medical / Health
• Search & Rescue
• Camp Management
• Village Security
National DRM Committees
National Disaster Management Coordinating Committee
• Training and Learning Core Group
• Disaster Risk Reduction Core Group
National Emergency Response Committee
Technical Advisory Committee on Building Guidelines
Colombo Flood Committee
National Early Warning Committee
Thank you