drought reistance of douglas fir

1
Climate-Related Genetic Variation in Drought Resistance of Douglas-fir Sheel Bansal, Constance A. Harrington, Peter J. Gould and J. Bradley St. Clair USDA Forest Service, Pacific Northwest Research Station Results and Discussion Populations originating from warmer and more arid climates had relatively high drought resistance (i.e., lower transpiration min , water deficit and SLA), but these trends were expressed only at the warm common garden. Contrary to expectation, populations from climates with relatively cool winter temperatures also had greater drought resistance across all gardens. Multiple regression analyses showed that drought-related traits could be predicted from minimum winter temperatures and growing season precipitation of the location of seed sources. Conclusion Douglas-fir populations from regions with relatively cool winters and arid summers, such as the California Sierra’s region and along the Cascade Crest, may be most adapted to cope with current drought and conditions that are expected in the future. Materials and Methods We conducted a genecological experiment with 35 seed sources (i.e. populations) of coast Douglas-fir (Pseudotsuga menziesii var. menziesii) growing at three common gardens. We collected twig samples (new growth) from 280 saplings at each common garden in summer 2012. We measured three plant traits associated with drought-resistance: minimum transpiration (transpiration min ), water deficit and specific leaf area. Correlation and regression analyses were used to model trait values as a function of seed- source climate. Transpiration min • Seal end of twig with wax • Measure twig weight daily • Transpiration min = Slope of drying curve 0 0.2 0.4 0.6 0.8 1 1.2 1.4 0 5 10 Twig weight (g) Days Mass loss/time Water deficit • Twig fresh weight (FW) • Twig end in water, turgid weight (TW) • Dry twig weight (DW) • Water deficit= (TW-FW)/(TW-DW) Specific leaf area • Needles photographed • Leaf areas (LA) with Image J • Dry weight (DW) • Specific leaf area= LA / DW Drought-related ecophysiological traits Introduction Adaptation to local climates is a major driver of variation in drought-related ecophysiological traits among intra-specific populations. As drought conditions become more common, ecologists and forest managers need to know which populations are most/least resistant to drought stress. Genecological, reciprocal transplant studies can reveal how climate influences drought resistance, and these data are used to model genetic variation in drought resistance across the niche space of a species. Transpiration min Climate-related genetic variation in transpiration min of Douglas-fir in the Pacific Northwest, USA. Lower values (redder colors) indicate populations with greater drought resistance. Sheel Bansal Postdoctoral Research Ecologist Olympia Forestry Sciences Laboratory Olympia, Washington 98512 [email protected] [email protected] What is climate-related genetic variation? Populations growing in the same environment (a common garden) can have very different phenotypes depending on the climate of the location where seeds were collected. Seed source from dry climate (California Sierra) Seed source from wet climate (Oregon Coast) Example: 2 populations in a common garden () 35 seed sources () 3 common gardens Cool Moderate Warm Genecology, reciprocal transplant study All sources planted at each common garden We thank the BLM for financial support

Upload: sheelbansal1

Post on 19-Aug-2015

15 views

Category:

Science


2 download

TRANSCRIPT

Page 1: Drought reistance of douglas fir

Climate-Related Genetic Variation in Drought Resistance of Douglas-fir Sheel Bansal, Constance A. Harrington, Peter J. Gould and J. Bradley St. Clair

USDA Forest Service, Pacific Northwest Research Station

Results and Discussion • Populations originating from warmer and more

arid climates had relatively high drought resistance (i.e., lower transpirationmin, water deficit and SLA), but these trends were expressed only at the warm common garden.

• Contrary to expectation, populations from climates with relatively cool winter temperatures also had greater drought resistance across all gardens.

• Multiple regression analyses showed that drought-related traits could be predicted from minimum winter temperatures and growing season precipitation of the location of seed sources.

Conclusion Douglas-fir populations from regions with relatively cool winters and arid summers, such as the California Sierra’s region and along the Cascade Crest, may be most adapted to cope with current drought and conditions that are expected in the future.

Materials and Methods • We conducted a genecological experiment with

35 seed sources (i.e. populations) of coast Douglas-fir (Pseudotsuga menziesii var. menziesii) growing at three common gardens.

• We collected twig samples (new growth) from 280 saplings at each common garden in summer 2012.

• We measured three plant traits associated with drought-resistance: minimum transpiration (transpirationmin), water deficit and specific leaf area.

• Correlation and regression analyses were used to model trait values as a function of seed-source climate.

Transpirationmin

• Seal end of twig with wax • Measure twig weight daily • Transpirationmin= Slope of drying curve

00.20.40.60.8

11.21.4

0 5 10

Twig

wei

ght (

g)

Days

Mass loss/time

Water deficit

• Twig fresh weight (FW) • Twig end in water, turgid weight (TW) • Dry twig weight (DW) • Water deficit= (TW-FW)/(TW-DW)

Specific leaf area

• Needles photographed • Leaf areas (LA) with Image J • Dry weight (DW) • Specific leaf area= LA / DW

Drought-related ecophysiological traits

Introduction • Adaptation to local climates is a major driver of

variation in drought-related ecophysiological traits among intra-specific populations.

• As drought conditions become more common, ecologists and forest managers need to know which populations are most/least resistant to drought stress.

• Genecological, reciprocal transplant studies can reveal how climate influences drought resistance, and these data are used to model genetic variation in drought resistance across the niche space of a species.

Transpirationmin

Climate-related genetic variation in transpirationmin of Douglas-fir in the Pacific Northwest, USA. • Lower values (redder colors) indicate

populations with greater drought resistance.

Sheel Bansal Postdoctoral Research Ecologist Olympia Forestry Sciences Laboratory Olympia, Washington 98512 [email protected] [email protected]

What is climate-related genetic variation? Populations growing in the same environment (a common

garden) can have very different phenotypes depending on the climate of the location where seeds were collected.

Seed source from dry climate (California Sierra)

Seed source from wet climate (Oregon Coast)

Example: 2 populations in a common garden

(●) 35 seed sources () 3 common gardens Cool

Moderate

Warm

Genecology, reciprocal transplant study

All sources planted at each common garden

We thank the BLM for financial support