drought and the commonwealth’s assessment and response plan commonwealth of virginia department of...
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Drought and the Drought and the Commonwealth’s Assessment Commonwealth’s Assessment and Response Planand Response Plan
Commonwealth of Virginia
Department of Environmental Quality
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Drought????Drought????
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Drought????Drought????
Deficiency in precipitation for an extended period of time, generally a season or more
Normal, recurrent feature of climateTemporary in nature as opposed to an
arid climateImpacts are due to the interplay of the
natural event and the societal demands placed on water resources
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Types of DroughtTypes of Drought
Meteorological DroughtAgricultural DroughtHydrological DroughtSocioeconomic (Water Supply)
Drought
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Executive Order #39, Virginia Executive Order #39, Virginia Water Supply InitiativeWater Supply InitiativeIssued December 13, 2002Assure an adequate supply of clean,
safe drinking water Prepare a preliminary drought
assessment and response plan by April 1, 2003
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Drought Response Technical Drought Response Technical Advisory CommitteeAdvisory Committee
Composed of 26 individuals representing federal, state, and local government, agriculture, commercial and industrial, and environmental interests
TAC received technical support from the existing Virginia Drought Monitoring Task Force
TAC met three times in February and March 2003
Draft plan is based on review of Maryland, Pennsylvania, and North Carolina plans
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Drought Evaluation RegionsDrought Evaluation Regions
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Drought Assessment PlanDrought Assessment Plan Drought conditions will be monitored by the
DMTF Based on four preliminary indicators
– Precipitation Deficits– Streamflows– Ground Water Levels– Reservoir Levels
DMTF will review all other available information when making drought recommendations to the Drought Coordinator
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Precipitation DeficitsPrecipitation DeficitsMonthsAnalyzed
Normal(% of NormalPrecipitation)
Watch(% ofNormalPrecipitation)
Warning(% ofNormalPrecipitation)
Emergency(% ofNormalPrecipitation)
October-December
>75.0 <75.0 <65.0 <55.0
October-January >80.0 <80.0 <70.0 <60.0
October-February >80.0 <80.0 <70.0 <60.0
October-March >80.0 <80.0 <70.0 <60.0
October-April >81.5 <81.5 <71.5 <61.5
October-May >82.5 <82.5 <72.5 <62.5
October-June >83.5 <83.5 <73.5 <63.5
October-July >85.0 <85.0 <75.0 <65.0
October-August >85.0 <85.0 <75.0 <65.0
October –September (andprevious 12months)
>85.0 <85.0 <75.0 <65.0
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StreamflowsStreamflows
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StreamflowsStreamflows
Normal Greater 25th percentile
Drought Watch 10th to 25th percentile
Drought Warning 5th to 10th percentile
Drought Emergency Less than 5th percentile
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Ground Water LevelsGround Water Levels
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Ground Water LevelsGround Water Levels
Normal Greater 25th percentile
Drought Watch 10th to 25th percentile
Drought Warning 5th to 10th percentile
Drought Emergency Less than 5th percentile
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Reservoir LevelsReservoir Levels
•Normal Greater than 120 days storage
•Drought Watch 90 to 120 days storage
•Drought Warning 60 to 90 days storage
•Drought Emergency Less than 60 days storage
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Drought DeclarationDrought Declaration
Three stages of drought severity– Drought Watch– Drought Warning– Drought Emergency
Declaration of drought watch and warning by Drought Coordinator
Declaration of drought emergency by the Governor utilizing an executive order
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Drought WatchDrought Watch
Climatic conditions indicative that a major drought event is possible
Actions initiated to raise public awareness of potential for onset of drought conditions
Encourage all public water supplies and major water users to review existing or prepare new drought response plans
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Drought WarningDrought Warning
Climatic conditions indicative that the onset of a major drought event is imminent
Require implementation of drought response plans
Typical actions would be voluntary water use restrictions
Goal of reducing water use by 5-10%
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Drought EmergencyDrought EmergencyDrought has impacted water supplies
to the point that unrestricted use is not possible
Require implementation of mandatory water use restrictions contained in drought response plans
Require mandatory water use restrictions for supplies without drought response plans
Goal of reducing water use 10-15%
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Mandatory Water Use RestrictionsMandatory Water Use Restrictions
Unrestricted irrigation of lawns and athletic fields
Unrestricted irrigation of golf coursesWashing paved surfacesUnrestricted vehicle washingOperation of ornamental fountainsUnrestricted use of water for
swimming pools
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Water RationingWater RationingMay be required when mandatory use
restrictions are not sufficientIndividual case decision based on
impacts to a particular water supplyDrought Coordinator will work closely to
assure that any available State resources are utilized
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Sources of informationSources of informationU.S. Drought Monitor
– http://www.drought.unl.edu/dm/monitor.html
U.S. Drought Monitor- Virginia– http://www.deq.virginia.gov/watersupply/drought.html
U.S. Seasonal Drought Outlook– http://www.cpc.noaa.gov/products/expert_assessment/seasonal_drought.html
National Drought Mitigation Center– http://drought.unl.edu/
Virginia Precipitation – http://www.climate.virginia.edu/
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Sources of informationSources of informationVirginia Streamflow and GW levels
– http://waterdata.usgs.gov/va/nwis/rt
Virginia Drought Assessment and Response Plan– http://www.deq.virginia.gov/watersupply/pdf/droughtresponseplan.pdf
Virginia Drought Monitoring Task Force– [email protected]