Driver EducationSection VIDay 1 - Occupant Protection

SOL DE 14 The student will demonstrate an understanding of the proper use of vehicle occupant protection features and analyze how they reduce injury severity and increase collision survivala. Active restraint systemb. Passive restraint systemc. Child restraint systemd. Highway safety design

ObjectiveThe student willUnderstand the proper use of seatbelts, airbags, and child restraints

Day 1 Occupant ProtectionBell Ringer #13 paragraphs 5 sentences eachDescribe your experience riding in a car during braking and accelerating. What does it feel like to be a passenger in a car that suddenly stops? Suddenly accelerates?Why do you think wearing safety belts is especially important in these situations?Why is it important for all passengers in the car to buckle up?What are some other features on a car that make it safer?

DefinitionsActive RestraintPassive RestraintOccupantHead RestraintsAir Bags

Occupant ProtectionDMVM > 20-21Text > 120-122DOE PP > Module 8 & Module 9 TopicsSafety Belts Child Safety Seats Air BagsOther Structural Features

Safety BeltsDMVM > 20Text Book > 120Can double your chances of surviving a crash and more than double your chances of avoiding serious injury.Reduces chances of being killed by 50% and reduces chance of serious injury by 70%.

Safety Belt Clip

Buckle up to guard against additional injury from a secondary collision or ejection from the vehicle Accidents have three separate collisions:

1. The vehicle collision, the car hits something.2. The occupant collision, the occupant hits unsecured items inside the vehicle.3. The organs of the body colliding with the skeletal system. COPY THIS SECTION

Virginia Safety Belt LawsDMVM > 20Requires drivers and front seat passengers to use safety belts.A driver transporting anyone through age 15 must make sure that the child is properly secured in a safety belt, booster seat or child safety seat no matter where the child is seated.

Virginia Law for ChildrenDMVM > 21DOE PP > Module 8

All children under age eight must be properly secured in a child safety seat or booster seat.Safest if seated in back center seatInfant seats/rear facing/birth to 20 lbs.Use child seats up to 40 lbs.Use booster seats up to 60 lbs.

Movement of Belted OccupantDOE PP> Module 8Head = 1.9 ft.Chest = 1.3 ft.Pelvis = 1.2 ft.31 MPH CrashDO NOT WRITE THIS SLIDE

Safety Belt Clip

Types of Child Safety SeatsDOE PP > Module 8Forward Facing Child RestraintsRear Facing Infant SeatBooster SeatsUp to 20 LBSUp to 40 LBSOver 40 LBS until age 8DO NOT WRITE THIS SLIDE

Adjusting Belts for Proper FitHandoutWear Lap Belt low and snug across hips (pelvis) to avoid unnecessary internal injuriesWear Shoulder Belt over collar bone and chest (sternum) to avoid shoulder dislocation and rib cage damageSeat belts should be worn over the strongest skeletal bones

Additional Safety Belt ConcernsDOE PP > Module 8Keeping the seat back in an upright position avoids the submarine effect of the lower body in a frontal crash. COPY THIS SLIDE

Safety Belt Clip

Air BagsDMVM > 20-21 Text > 120They cushion occupants as they move forward in a front-end crash.The air bag keeps the occupants head, neck and chest from hitting the steering column or dashboard.Some vehicles have air bags that inflate in a side collision.Air bags do not take away the need to wear safety belts.

Video ClipWith & Without Side Air Bags

Air Bag in Steering WheelRaise seat or adjust steering wheel to direct air bag toward chest and not at the facial area

Adjust seat for a minimum 10-inch clearance between chest and steering wheel

Hand position should be at 8 and 4

Avoid 10 and 2 hand position to prevent blow hole burns to hands and arms Handout

Air Bags at Work

Fatal Crashes63% of people killed in accidents are not wearing seat belts

COPY THIS SLIDE

Class Work #1Other Structural FeaturesText Book > 120 - 122

Read Pages 120 122What features protect you and your passenger from injury?

- Answer Lesson 2 Review Question #2 (page 122)* Make sure to write down all 9 features AND explain why these features are important in your opinion.

Other Structural FeaturesText Book > 121 - 122Head RestraintsDoor LocksChildproof door LocksTempered Safety-glass windowsImpact-resistant BumpersProtective padding on the Dashboard and RoofEnergy-absorbing steering column

Answers to Lesson 2 Review Question #2 Make Sure your answers Match(EACH SHOULD HAVE AN EXPLAINATON)

Other Structural FeaturesDOE PP> Module 8 Vehicle Crumple Zones Anti-Lock Brakes Traction Control Devices Electronic Stability Program (ESP) Suspension Control Devices Headlights

DO NOT WRITE THIS SLIDE

Other Structural FeaturesVideo clip

Vehicle Systems Brake SystemsHow Brakes WorkBrakes are actually energy conversion devices. When you step on the brakes, they convert the kinetic energy (momentum) of your vehicle into thermal energy (heat). Thousands of pounds of pressure are applied on each of the four brakes, permitting the driver to slow or stop the rotation of the tires. The friction of the tires against the road surface will then slow and/or stop the vehicle.

DO NOT WRITE THIS SLIDEDOE PP> Module 9

Vehicle Systems ABS Brake SystemAnti-Lock Braking System (ABS)Topic 2 Lesson 1* ABS was developed to assist driver braking actions by preventing tires from sliding and to keep them rotating slowly to allow steering. DOE PP> Module 9Handout

Enhanced Braking Action Reduced Stopping Distance Increased Vehicle Stability Enhanced Vehicle SteerabilityABS AdvantagesBraking and SteeringIn many emergency situations braking alone may not prevent a collision. Handout

DOE PP> Module 9

Increase your following distance in bad weatherPractice using ABSKeep your foot firmly on the brake even if it vibratesCheck owners manual for special concernsWith ABS INCREASE DOE PP> Module 9 Handout

Drive More AggressivelyPump the BrakesWith ABS, Do Not3. Steer Too Much4. Be Alarmed by ABS Noise or VibrationDOE PP> module 9Handout

Highway Design Features DOE PP> Module 8 Wide clear shoulders and wide lanes Rumble strips installed at the road edgeRedesign of median barriers Traffic calming devicesHandout

Highway Design Features DOE PP> Module 8 1-Breakaway sign support posts3- Crash attenuators such as vinyl liquid or sand filled drums2- New design guard rails with ends angled away from roadway and buriedHandout

Highway Design Features DOE PP> Module 84-Protected left and right turn bays5-Collector/distributor lanes on high speed, high density highways - separates slower moving entering/exiting traffic from the higher speed through traffic 6-Variable message signs alert drivers to weather conditions, construction, and traffic problemsHandout

Class Work #23 paragraphs, 5 sentences eachCome up with TWO additional safety features, for either the car or the roadway and explain why your safety features should be used and how they are to be implemented.Work on until the end of the class