dreams & life on the prairie
TRANSCRIPT
Panel Discussion - Agenda
Dreams and Life on the Prairie - The History of Latinos in McLean County - 1880 to the present
Sueños y vida en la llanura - La historia de los latinos en el condado de McLean desde el 1880 hasta el presente
A Project of the McLean County History Museum
Saturday, November 3, 2012 at 1:00 p.m. in the Governor Fifer Courtroom
Bloomington, IL
I. Welcome and Introduction of Moderator - Greg Koos, Executive Director, McLean County History Museum
II. Moderator - Ingrid Ramirez
a. Brief comments
b. Read Artist’s Statement (Rebecca Hawkins-Valadez)
c. Recognition of corporate support from Country Financial & support from Illinois State University’s Latin American and Latino Studies
Program directed by Dr. Maura Toro-Morn
d. Introduction of Panelists
III. Panel Discussion
a. Paul Segobiano, McLean County Board Member - A descendant of the "early" Mexican arrivals in the County, Paul will share his
thoughts on growing up in Bloomington.
b. Sal Valadez, MA - Will provide a summary of research and oral histories related to the project (PowerPoint Presentation)
c. Mark Wyman, PhD - Professor Emeritus, History, Illinois State University – Maura will discuss the early history and background of
Mexican migration into the US, the early beginnings in railroad work, then in agriculture and mining and thoughts about how Mexicans
reached Illinois.
d. Maura Toro-Morn, PhD - Director Latino Studies Program, Illinois State University - Maura will discuss ISU Latino Studies Program’s
present and future involvement in the project. She will also share her perspectives on what it means to be Hispanic/Latino.
IV. Question & Answer Session
V. La Despedida/Closing Comments - Greg Koos - Thank you for attending, please take the opportunity to visit the Fiesta! Exhibit on the
third floor.
Artist’s Statement
This painting entitled Dreams and Life on the Prairie/Suenos y Vida en la Llanura was ―commissioned‖ by
my husband Sal Valadez to represent the project and discussion. Sal told me of images he had in mind, what
he envisioned the piece to portray and then trusted I would use my talents as a painter and my experience as a
member of my Mexican family to tell a story through art.
I took the information Sal offered into consideration as well as memories of his father and mother telling their
story of how they came to the United States, and the many stories I have heard from others who came here
for a better life.
The sky, with the sun setting and twilight approaching is representative of dreams; dreams of better things to
come, dreams that family will be reunited. The train - Alton Railroad’s Abraham Lincoln (circa 1930’s) -
represents those that worked for the railroads.
The corn is a familiar and important image of both McLean County and Mexico. The man, a worker, is seen
with a photo of family in his pocket, family he hopes can join him soon.
I wanted to show only half of his face, but I could not articulate why. Dr. Maura Toro-Morn did that for me
when she first viewed the work. ―It is allegorical, many who came here, left part of themselves and their lives
behind.‖ Maura, gave me the words for what I as an artist tried to project, but did not have the personal
experience to say.
It was an extreme honor to be asked to do the piece for my husband and for the McLean County History
Museum’s Latino History Project to use the image.
Rebecca ―Bec‖ Hawkins-Valadez
Dreams & Life on the Prairie - The History of Latinos in McLean County, Illinois 1880 to the Present
Presented by: Sal Valadez, MA
Lead Researcher - Latino History Project
McLean County Museum of History
3 November 2012
Project Overview – The Story of A Journey
Who is the Latino community?
Why did they come to McLean County?
When did they get here?
Where did they work?
How did they live?
What did they contribute?
I. Research of the Historical Record (census and immigration
records, newspaper articles, photographs, birth, marriage, and death
records, military service records, employment records)
II. Oral Histories
III. The telling of the story (research papers, publications)
IV. Additional research
The people that we know as ―Latino‖
today, began arriving in McLean County in the
1870’s.
The first arrivals were of Spanish and Portuguese descent.
The earliest record is an entry in the 1880 U.S, Census.
The ―record‖ tells stories of hardship, struggles and
sometimes, of untimely death.
It is a story of hope and dreams.
And for many, it is a story of ―becoming‖ American.
McLean County, IL
1876 Railroad Map
Latinos & Railroads in McLean County
C&A Shops 1920
Work – Canning FactoriesSource: Souvenir of Bloomington Illinois 1912 CARLI: Consortium of Academic and Research Libraries in Illinois http://www.archive.org/details/souvenirofbloomi1912comm
Key Events Impacting Mexican Immigration
The Chinese Exclusionary Act 1882 & the Mexican Revolution 1910–1930
World War I 1914 -1918 Poster image (left) Courtesy of http://hobnobblog.com/ Soldaderas Photo (Right) Courtesy of www.latinamericanstudies.org
Mexican Revolution
Execution by the dreaded Rurales
Enforcers for the President of the Mexican Republic, Porfirio Diaz Photo courtesy of www.latinamericanstudies.org
WW II & The Bracero Program 1942 – 1964Left photo courtesy of www.examiner.com
Right photo courtesy of www.santafenewmexican.com
U.S Railroad Ties to MexicoPublished: November 27, 1907
Copyright © The New York Times
Shonts May Head the Alton –
FELTON GOES TO MEXICO
United Mine Workers Journal
July 11, 1918
Attitudes to Mexican Labor
Railway Age Gazette July 1, 1912 to December 31, 1912 Issue, p. 519, (Google Books)
1928 -Death on the Rails
Cristobal Montañez
McLean County, IL U.S Census Data
Finding:
A preliminary survey of original U.S. Census forms
from 1880-1940 indicates that there were Latinos
(primarily people of Mexican origin) living in
Bloomington, Normal, Towanda, Bellflower, and
Chenoa.
1880 U.S. Census – Bloomington, IL
Anthony & Catherine Frances
Born in Spain & IrelandSource: Ancestry.com
The mystery of the boxcar community on the Alton Railroad right of way (see
reference to the boxcars at the lower left margin). Source: Ancestry.com
WW I Draft
Mexicans in McLean CountySource: Ancestry.com
WW I Draft
Mexicans in McLean CountySource: Ancestry.com
WW I Draft
Mexicans in McLean CountySource: Ancestry.com
WW II Draft
Mexicans in McLean CountySource: Ancestry.com
WW II & Korean War Veterans
• Lorenzo Garcia (WW II & Korea) - Chenoa IL
• Paul Segobiano (Korea) – Bloomington, IL
(more Latinos have served, additional research
is needed)
Arthur & MattieVasconcellos arrived in B/N around 1912.
Son Arthur (shorter of the two men pictured below) and his wife Antionette were the Flying Concellos. Family is of
Portuguese descent.Circus poster (left ) Courtesy of www.mearsonlineauctions.com. Photo (right) Courtesy of the Circus Historical Society www.circushistory.org
Agapito ―Pete‖ Garcia & Felicia (Flores) Garcia
Settled in Chenoa, IL around 1915Source: Pantagraph Newspaper
• CHENOA — Lorenzo Garcia, 86, of Chenoa passed away at 10:16 p.m. Saturday (March 26, 2011)
• Lorenzo was born Aug. 10, 1924, in Chenoa, the son of Agapito and Felicia (Flores) Garcia. He married Precentacion Ramirez on Dec. 5, 1953, in San Carlos, Mexico.
• Lorenzo served our country in the U.S. Army during World War II and the Korean War. He was employed for more than 45 years by GM&O Railroad and later Illinois Central Railroad, retiring in 1986.
• Presentacion Ramirez Garcia, 83 of Chenoa, passed away at 10:00 pm, Wednesday, June 20, 2012 at her residence in Chenoa.
• Presentacion was born November 21, 1928 in Crowell, TX the daughter of Tiburcio and Maria Ramos Ramirez. She married Lorenzo Garcia on December 5, 1953 in San Carlos, Mexico. He passed away March 26, 2011.
• Survivors include one son; Ernest Garcia and two grandchildren, Anne Marie and Paul Lorenzo Garcia all of Fairbury; three sisters, Francisca Borrego of Plainview, TX; GilbertaMartinez of Bloomington; and Teresa (Domingo) Carranza of Chenoa and many loving nieces and nephews.
1920’s -Pedro ―Pete‖ and Graciana Chavez
Arrived in El Paso, on foot in 1910 – U.S. Certificate of Arrival
Pedro travelled a total of 2,000 miles from Moroleon, Guanajuato, Mexico to McLean County
George Segobiano
At age 11, left El Paso as a Water Boy on the Santa Fe RR
From Guanajuato, Mexico to El Paso, TX to Bloomington IL (1,900 miles)
Bloomington Railroad Days, July 15, 1936(Courtesy of the McLean County Museum of History)
Salvador ―El Conejo/Rabbit‖ Sandoval Galvan
& Maria Alfaro Sandoval
Patricia, Sylvia, Sandra & Luis Sandoval 1975
Latino Stories
Hardships
Hard work and faith
Latino heritage and proud Americans
Family, friends, church and community
Celebration of life events
Education
Humor & Optimism
The telling of Latino stories has just begun.