dream to learn
TRANSCRIPT
Dream to Dream to LearnLearn
Sleep CycleSleep Cycle REM Sleep (dream stage)REM Sleep (dream stage) Studies on Dreaming & Studies on Dreaming &
LearningLearning Sleep Disorders: Sleep Disorders:
Insomnia & NarcolepsyInsomnia & Narcolepsy Night Terrors & Night Terrors &
NightmaresNightmares Sleep Paralysis & Sleep Paralysis &
SleepwalkingSleepwalking Dream IncubationDream Incubation Lucid DreamingLucid Dreaming
(controlling one’s dreams)(controlling one’s dreams)
Sleep Cycle OverviewSleep Cycle Overview
Stage 1Stage 1
Light SleepLight Sleep
Easily AwakenedEasily Awakened
Eyes move slowly Eyes move slowly & muscle activity & muscle activity slows.slows.
Stage 1Stage 1THETA WavesTHETA Waves
transition state between sleep and wakefulness transition state between sleep and wakefulness eyes begin to roll slightly eyes begin to roll slightly consists mostly of consists mostly of thetatheta waves (high amplitude, low frequency (slow)) waves (high amplitude, low frequency (slow)) brief periods of brief periods of alphaalpha waves, similar to those present while awake waves, similar to those present while awake lasts only for a few minutes before moving on to next stage lasts only for a few minutes before moving on to next stage
Source: Metamorphosis ---Source: Metamorphosis ---http://consciousevolution.com/metamorphosis/0306/frequency0306.htmhttp://consciousevolution.com/metamorphosis/0306/frequency0306.htmDream Views: Dream Views: http://www.dreamviews.com/sleepstages.phphttp://www.dreamviews.com/sleepstages.php
Stage 2Stage 2 THETA Waves with Spindles & K THETA Waves with Spindles & K
ComplexesComplexes
Eye movements stopEye movements stop
Brain waves become slower but will often produce occasional bursts of rapid waves Brain waves become slower but will often produce occasional bursts of rapid waves called spindlescalled spindles
peaks of brain waves become higher and higher (peaks of brain waves become higher and higher (sleep spindlessleep spindles) ) k-complexesk-complexes (peaks suddenly drastically descend and then pick back up) (peaks suddenly drastically descend and then pick back up)
follow spindles follow spindles again, only lasts for a few minutes again, only lasts for a few minutes
Source: Psychology World -Source: Psychology World -http://web.umr.edu/~psyworld/sleep_stages.htm#2http://web.umr.edu/~psyworld/sleep_stages.htm#2Dream Views: Dream Views: http://www.dreamviews.com/sleepstages.phphttp://www.dreamviews.com/sleepstages.php
Stage 3Stage 3
Extremely slow brain waves called delta Extremely slow brain waves called delta waves begin to appear interspersed with waves begin to appear interspersed with smaller, faster waves.smaller, faster waves.
Stage 4Stage 4
Deep SleepDeep Sleep difficult to wake someone from this stagedifficult to wake someone from this stage
very slow brain waves, called very slow brain waves, called delta wavesdelta waves (lower frequency (lower frequency than theta waves) than theta waves)
last of the sleep stages before last of the sleep stages before DreamingDreaming
Stage Stage 3 & 43 & 4 DELTA WavesDELTA Waves
also called also called delta sleepdelta sleep or or deep sleepdeep sleep very slow brain waves, called very slow brain waves, called delta wavesdelta waves (lower frequency than theta (lower frequency than theta
waves) waves) last (and deepest) of the sleep stages before REM (dream) sleep last (and deepest) of the sleep stages before REM (dream) sleep
Source: Metamorphosis ---Source: Metamorphosis ---http://consciousevolution.com/metamorphosis/0306/frequency0306.htmhttp://consciousevolution.com/metamorphosis/0306/frequency0306.htmDream Views: Dream Views: http://www.dreamviews.com/sleepstages.phphttp://www.dreamviews.com/sleepstages.php
Rapid Eye Movement - Rapid Eye Movement - REMREM
Breathing becomes Breathing becomes rapid, irregular, rapid, irregular, and shallow.and shallow.
Eyes jerk rapidly in Eyes jerk rapidly in various directions.various directions.
Limb muscles are Limb muscles are temporarily temporarily paralyzed.paralyzed.
Heart rate increases.Heart rate increases. Blood pressure arises.Blood pressure arises. Dreams usually occur.Dreams usually occur.
11stst REM phase REM phase happens about 70 to happens about 70 to 90 minutes after we 90 minutes after we fall asleepfall asleep
Typically we spend 2 Typically we spend 2 hours dreaming hours dreaming usually just during usually just during REM sleepREM sleep
REM REM (Rapid Eye Movement)(Rapid Eye Movement)Dream SleepDream Sleep
beta waves beta waves have a high frequency and occur when the brain is quite have a high frequency and occur when the brain is quite active, both in REM sleep and while awake active, both in REM sleep and while awake
frequent bursts of rapid eye movement, along with occasional muscular frequent bursts of rapid eye movement, along with occasional muscular twitches twitches
heart may beat faster and breathing may become shallow and rapid heart may beat faster and breathing may become shallow and rapid Muscles are locked, blocking movementMuscles are locked, blocking movement
most vivid & detailed dreaming occurs during this stagemost vivid & detailed dreaming occurs during this stage
Stages of Sleep - CyclesStages of Sleep - Cycles
What does sleep do for What does sleep do for us?us?
Necessary for our Necessary for our nervous system.nervous system.
Too little affects Too little affects our ability to our ability to concentrate.concentrate.
Impaired memory Impaired memory & physical & physical performance.performance.
Failure to carry Failure to carry out math out math calculations.calculations.
Some researchers Some researchers believe that sleep believe that sleep gives neurons gives neurons used while awake used while awake a chance to shut a chance to shut down and repair down and repair themselves.themselves.
Boosts Immune Boosts Immune System’s System’s ResponseResponse
Sleep Deprivation -- EffectsSleep Deprivation -- EffectsFirst study in this conducted by Dement in First study in this conducted by Dement in
19601960
In People:In People: IrritabilityIrritability AggressionAggression Difficulty Difficulty
concentrating concentrating Difficulty making Difficulty making
decisionsdecisions
Loss of short-term Loss of short-term memorymemory
ParanoiaParanoia Hyperactive behavior often Hyperactive behavior often
observed in children*observed in children*
*“ In fact, sleep deprivation *“ In fact, sleep deprivation is often misdiagnosed as is often misdiagnosed as Attention Deficit Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD)”(ADHD)”
Source -- National Sleep Source -- National Sleep FoundationFoundation
In Studies on Rats:In Studies on Rats:Sleep Deprivation can Sleep Deprivation can lead to Deathlead to Death
How much sleep do we How much sleep do we need?need?
Most adults find that 7 to 8 hours is Most adults find that 7 to 8 hours is the best.the best.
Some people may need only 5 or as Some people may need only 5 or as much as 10 hours of sleep each day.much as 10 hours of sleep each day.
Getting too little sleep creates “sleep Getting too little sleep creates “sleep debt”.debt”.
Source: http://www.npi.ucla.edu/sleepresearch/science/1058full.html
Dreaming the Periodic Table - Dmitri Dreaming the Periodic Table - Dmitri Mendeleyev – 1869Mendeleyev – 1869“I saw in a dream where all the elements fell into “I saw in a dream where all the elements fell into place as required.”place as required.”
Sledding at the Speed of Sledding at the Speed of LightLight
Einstein attributed his lifelong studies to an inspirational dream held as a teen.“His sled traveled faster and faster, until it approached the speed of light. At that speed, the stars and night sky were transformed into a dazzling spectrum of colors.” Source: http://www.science-
spirit.org/article_detail.php?article_id=286
AMAZing RatsAMAZing Rats
Brain waves while running Brain waves while running maze maze
Identical toIdentical to
Brain waves during REM Brain waves during REM sleep sleep
More Rat StudiesMore Rat Studies
Two groups learned Two groups learned trick trick
Group A allowed to Group A allowed to sleep uninterruptedsleep uninterrupted
Group B’s sleep Group B’s sleep interrupted during interrupted during REMREM
Group A could Group A could perform trick upon perform trick upon wakingwaking
Group B had to Group B had to relearn trick relearn trick
Can you recall any dreams where you relearned material earlier in the day?
Tetris in Your DreamsTetris in Your Dreams
Babies & Babies & SleepSleep
Recent UA Study by UA Psychology Dept.Recent UA Study by UA Psychology Dept. Researchers: Rebecca Gomez, Richard Bootzin and Lynn Researchers: Rebecca Gomez, Richard Bootzin and Lynn
NadelNadel Taught babies a nonsense languageTaught babies a nonsense language
Experiment Group tested after nappingExperiment Group tested after napping Control Group tested without a napControl Group tested without a nap
Control Group able to recognize phrasesControl Group able to recognize phrases But Experiment Group showed stronger responses, But Experiment Group showed stronger responses,
demonstrating ability to predict patterns of new phrasesdemonstrating ability to predict patterns of new phrases Conclusions: REM supports abstract learning & babies Conclusions: REM supports abstract learning & babies
must sleep within 4 to 8 hours after receiving new info. must sleep within 4 to 8 hours after receiving new info. in order to retain the datain order to retain the data
Study Then SleepStudy Then Sleep
Harvard Univ. study on 100 college studentsHarvard Univ. study on 100 college students Students told to memorize several listsStudents told to memorize several lists Morning group studied at 9am & tested 12 Morning group studied at 9am & tested 12
hrs laterhrs later Night group studied at 9pm & tested 12 hrs Night group studied at 9pm & tested 12 hrs
later (after they got a chance to sleep)later (after they got a chance to sleep) Night Group remembered more wordsNight Group remembered more words Night Group also recalled words not on listsNight Group also recalled words not on lists
Dream IncubationDream Incubation
Dream incubationDream incubation – the process of planting a – the process of planting a subject in one’s mind before sleeping in order to subject in one’s mind before sleeping in order to dream about itdream about it
Harvard Medical School study conducted by Dr. Harvard Medical School study conducted by Dr. Deidre Barrett with students in a Psychology Deidre Barrett with students in a Psychology classclassStudents were introduced to techniques for Students were introduced to techniques for directing their dreams & instructed to try to directing their dreams & instructed to try to create a solution to one of their problems create a solution to one of their problems through dreamingthrough dreaming
More than half of the participants reported More than half of the participants reported dreaming about their problemdreaming about their problem
1/3 reported having dreamed of a solution1/3 reported having dreamed of a solution
Sleep Cycle DisruptionsSleep Cycle Disruptions
CaffeineCaffeine Diet DrugsDiet Drugs Some Pain relieversSome Pain relievers Some sedativesSome sedatives NicotineNicotine AlcoholAlcohol** Extreme Extreme
temperaturestemperatures**
**Alcohol (night cap) does Alcohol (night cap) does help many people fall help many people fall asleep but it keeps the asleep but it keeps the sleeper in the lighter sleeper in the lighter stages of sleep & robs stages of sleep & robs one of uninterrupted one of uninterrupted REM and the deeper, REM and the deeper, more restorative stages more restorative stages of sleep.of sleep.
**Extreme temperatures Extreme temperatures (body does NOT have (body does NOT have strong control over strong control over body’s thermostat during body’s thermostat during REM)REM)
Some Common Sleep Some Common Sleep DisordersDisorders
InsomniaInsomnia
Sleep ApneaSleep Apnea
NarcolepsyNarcolepsy
SleepwalkingSleepwalking
NightmaresNightmares
Night terrorsNight terrors
If You suffer from If You suffer from insomniainsomnia
Exercise regularly, Exercise regularly, but not before bedtimebut not before bedtime
Avoid alcohol & caffeineAvoid alcohol & caffeine Avoid napping Avoid napping Go to sleep and wake at the same time every day Go to sleep and wake at the same time every day Save your worries for daytime Save your worries for daytime
Tip: Try keeping a Worry Journal by the bed Tip: Try keeping a Worry Journal by the bed Establish a relaxing bedtime ritualEstablish a relaxing bedtime ritual
like a hot bath or calm music. like a hot bath or calm music. Do not eat or drink too much before bedtimeDo not eat or drink too much before bedtime Create a sleep-promoting environment Create a sleep-promoting environment
quiet, dark, cool comfortable. quiet, dark, cool comfortable.
When to See a DoctorWhen to See a DoctorIf sleep problems persist, it may be time to seek If sleep problems persist, it may be time to seek professional help. Your doctor can help determine how professional help. Your doctor can help determine how to treat your problem and may refer you to a sleep to treat your problem and may refer you to a sleep specialist. specialist. Source – National Sleep FoundationSource – National Sleep Foundation
Sleep ApneaSleep Apnea
Disorder of interrupted breathing Disorder of interrupted breathing during sleep during sleep
Two Causes: Brain signal interruption or Two Causes: Brain signal interruption or Windpipe collapse Windpipe collapse
Airflow blocked for 10 to >60 secondsAirflow blocked for 10 to >60 seconds Blood oxygen drops, and your brain wakes you Blood oxygen drops, and your brain wakes you
up enough to let you breathe.up enough to let you breathe. Symptoms: Symptoms:
• SnoringSnoring• Excessive daytime sleepinessExcessive daytime sleepiness• High Blood PressureHigh Blood Pressure
Treatment:: machine that forces air down the windpipe Treatment:: machine that forces air down the windpipe during sleeping hoursduring sleeping hours
NarcolepsyNarcolepsy Excessive daytime sleepinessExcessive daytime sleepiness uncontrollable daytime sleep attacksuncontrollable daytime sleep attacks
Instant Fall Into REM sleep stageInstant Fall Into REM sleep stage Causes still under investigation, recent Causes still under investigation, recent
research points to the possibility of a research points to the possibility of a gene mutation that controls hypocretins, gene mutation that controls hypocretins, which regulate REM sleepwhich regulate REM sleep
Most common age group for initial onset:Most common age group for initial onset:15-2115-21
Treatment may include schedule napping Treatment may include schedule napping & prescribed stimulants such as Ritalin& prescribed stimulants such as Ritalin
Night TerrorsNight Terrors
Occurs in Deep Sleep, not REMOccurs in Deep Sleep, not REMMay be trapped between sleep stagesMay be trapped between sleep stages
Sleeper awakens in Terror Sleeper awakens in Terror (heart pounding, (heart pounding, sweating)sweating)
Often awakens screaming (may even Often awakens screaming (may even physically react to this by running around physically react to this by running around room or be paralyzed by fear) room or be paralyzed by fear)
Very little imagery recalled (not dreaming)Very little imagery recalled (not dreaming) Imagery may be that of creepy, crawly Imagery may be that of creepy, crawly
thingsthings
Night Terror SubjectsNight Terror Subjects
Most Commonly affected age group: 2 – 6 yrs. Most Commonly affected age group: 2 – 6 yrs. Old, affects 15% of children -- rare in adultsOld, affects 15% of children -- rare in adults
May be geneticMay be genetic May suffer from Sleep ApneaMay suffer from Sleep Apnea May be linked to hypoglycemia (low blood May be linked to hypoglycemia (low blood
sugar)sugar) Adults who suffer frequent night terrors likely Adults who suffer frequent night terrors likely
to be passive individuals with self-directed to be passive individuals with self-directed anger, held back aggression, & repressed anger, held back aggression, & repressed memories (similar to victims of abuse)memories (similar to victims of abuse)
Sleep ParalysisSleep Paralysis
Sleeper suddenly awakens during REM sleepSleeper suddenly awakens during REM sleep Body movement still restricted resulting in Body movement still restricted resulting in
feeling of paralysisfeeling of paralysis May be accompanied by hallucinations May be accompanied by hallucinations
(result of still being in dream state)(result of still being in dream state) Causes great fear Causes great fear Theories suggest that sleep paralysis may be Theories suggest that sleep paralysis may be
the root experience behind folklore (across the root experience behind folklore (across many cultures) about supernatural attacks many cultures) about supernatural attacks involving an evil spirit trying to suffocate the involving an evil spirit trying to suffocate the sleeping victimsleeping victim
Fuseli: The Nightmare, 1781, Detroit, Institute of Arts
NightmaresNightmares
Rare in adults, more commonRare in adults, more commonin children due to developing in children due to developing emotions & understanding of emotions & understanding of realityreality
Avg 1 per yearAvg 1 per year 1 person in 500 has them as 1 person in 500 has them as
often as 1/weekoften as 1/week Hard to capture in a sleep lab, Hard to capture in a sleep lab,
1 in 3000 nights of studied sleep1 in 3000 nights of studied sleep“The Scream”
by Edvard Munch
Causes of NightmaresCauses of Nightmares
StressStress Drugs/Medications – effects of or Drugs/Medications – effects of or
withdrawlswithdrawls IllnessIllness Traumatic EventsTraumatic Events Loss of loved onesLoss of loved ones Sensitivity (“thin boundaries”)Sensitivity (“thin boundaries”)
Frequent Nightmares - Frequent Nightmares - adultsadults
Occurs more often in people with Occurs more often in people with “thin“thin boundaries” boundaries” between reality and fantasy, between reality and fantasy, between themselves and others (unusuallybetween themselves and others (unusually sensitive, able to identify with others’ sensitive, able to identify with others’ stories and to empathize)stories and to empathize)
Occurs more often in people who are genetically Occurs more often in people who are genetically vulnerable to Schizophrenia (Having relatives who vulnerable to Schizophrenia (Having relatives who have it)have it)
““thin boundaries” often leading to artistic lives, poets, thin boundaries” often leading to artistic lives, poets, musicians, artists, etc. musicians, artists, etc. (Nightmares were inspiration (Nightmares were inspiration behind behind FrankensteinFrankenstein & & Dr. Jekyll & Mr. HydeDr. Jekyll & Mr. Hyde))
Study published in 1984 based on 50 people who Study published in 1984 based on 50 people who frequently experienced nightmares -- Study frequently experienced nightmares -- Study conducted by Dr. Ernest Hartmann & Dr. Bessel Van conducted by Dr. Ernest Hartmann & Dr. Bessel Van Der KolkDer Kolk
Interpreting NightmaresInterpreting Nightmares
Nightmares represent urgent messages Nightmares represent urgent messages from our unconscious mindsfrom our unconscious minds
Steps to interpretation:Steps to interpretation: Identify current changes or concerns in Identify current changes or concerns in
lifelifeand/or past traumasand/or past traumas
Look for symbols and punsLook for symbols and puns -- -- Symbolic meanings may derive from Symbolic meanings may derive from
universal concepts and stories or from universal concepts and stories or from personal, contextual knowledgepersonal, contextual knowledge
Common Nightmares & Common Nightmares & MeaningsMeanings
Chase (Monsters & Demons & Bears, Oh, My)Chase (Monsters & Demons & Bears, Oh, My)
Monster = Some unwanted part of self -- may Monster = Some unwanted part of self -- may involve an unresolved problem or conflictinvolve an unresolved problem or conflict
Intruder = an new insight about oneself that Intruder = an new insight about oneself that is breaking into the conscious is breaking into the conscious appears frightening due to its unknown appears frightening due to its unknown qualities qualities
Disaster = Change or crisis (not always Disaster = Change or crisis (not always negative)negative)
http://www.stanford.edu/~corelli/nightmares.html
Richard J. Corelli, M.D., Stanford University
Car out of Control – Often result of Car out of Control – Often result of hectic life – Navigation dreams hectic life – Navigation dreams involving directional changes in lifeinvolving directional changes in life
Trapped – stuck in same position in Trapped – stuck in same position in life, needing to explore options and life, needing to explore options and other directionsother directions
http://www.dreams.ca/nightmares.htmThe Dream Foundation
Controlling NightmaresControlling Nightmares Lucid DreamingLucid Dreaming - Awareness of - Awareness of
being in being in the the dream statedream state
Confronting “the Monster”Confronting “the Monster” Recognizing that you have nothingRecognizing that you have nothing
to fear to fear Recognizing that you are in controlRecognizing that you are in control Changing the scenery or the threatChanging the scenery or the threat Questioning the threat’s meaning or Questioning the threat’s meaning or
symbolismsymbolism
Controlling NightmaresControlling Nightmares
Imagery Rehearsal Therapy Imagery Rehearsal Therapy (treatment for recurrent nightmares)(treatment for recurrent nightmares)
Write out the NightmareWrite out the Nightmare Change the Ending to a more peaceful Change the Ending to a more peaceful
or happy outcomeor happy outcome Rehearse the New Version before Rehearse the New Version before
sleepingsleeping Do a relaxation exercise before Do a relaxation exercise before
sleepingsleeping
Controlling NightmaresControlling NightmaresImagery Rehearsal Therapy exampleImagery Rehearsal Therapy example
“A woman had been raped. She had a recurring “A woman had been raped. She had a recurring nightmare of being pursued by a dark figure. In nightmare of being pursued by a dark figure. In the nightmare, she ran and ran, and, each each the nightmare, she ran and ran, and, each each time the nightmare recurred, she always woke up, time the nightmare recurred, she always woke up, sweating and gasping for breath, at the same sweating and gasping for breath, at the same point. So she decided, as a new ending, to stop point. So she decided, as a new ending, to stop running and confront the figure. In a subsequent running and confront the figure. In a subsequent dream, when the pursuing figure appeared, she dream, when the pursuing figure appeared, she turned to him and said, “Who are you and what do turned to him and said, “Who are you and what do you want?” And here’s where her unconscious you want?” And here’s where her unconscious surprised her. The man replied, very politely, “You surprised her. The man replied, very politely, “You dropped this, and I have been trying to give it back dropped this, and I have been trying to give it back to you.” He handed her a package. She asked what to you.” He handed her a package. She asked what it was. “It’s your faith in human goodness,” he it was. “It’s your faith in human goodness,” he said. She woke up. And the nightmare never said. She woke up. And the nightmare never returned.”returned.”
Source: GuidetoPsychology. ComSource: GuidetoPsychology. Com Raymond Lloyd Richmond, Ph.D Raymond Lloyd Richmond, Ph.D
SleepWalkingSleepWalking Occurs in Deep SleepOccurs in Deep Sleep Eyes Open, pupils Eyes Open, pupils
dilated, glassy staredilated, glassy stare Occurs more often in Occurs more often in
kids, ages 3-7, esp. kids, ages 3-7, esp. ones who wet the bedones who wet the bed
Good to awaken sleep Good to awaken sleep walkerwalker
In adults, sometimes In adults, sometimes induced by sedatives induced by sedatives or stressor stress
Linked to Sleep Linked to Sleep ApneaApnea
Sleepwalking PreventionSleepwalking Prevention
Avoid alcohol Avoid alcohol Avoid sedatives or other drugsAvoid sedatives or other drugs Set a regular sleep schedule to avoid Set a regular sleep schedule to avoid
fatigue or insomniafatigue or insomnia Reduce stress, conflict, and anxietyReduce stress, conflict, and anxiety
http://www.medicinenet.com/sleepwalking/page2.htm#tocf
Sleepwalking BehaviorSleepwalking Behavior
Most Common:Most Common: Everyday tasks: cleaning, cooking, Everyday tasks: cleaning, cooking,
eating, dressing, and even…eating, dressing, and even… Driving!Driving!
Sometimes…Sometimes… Act out a violent dreamAct out a violent dream
Eyes Wide Open: The Sleepwalking Story
Drgreene.com
Sleepwalking as Murder Sleepwalking as Murder Defense?Defense?CasesCases
Early 80s in Arizona, Steven Steinberg– killed Early 80s in Arizona, Steven Steinberg– killed his wife, found innocent by temp. insanityhis wife, found innocent by temp. insanity
1992, Canada, Kenneth Parks acquitted of 1992, Canada, Kenneth Parks acquitted of murder of mother-in-law & stabbing of father-murder of mother-in-law & stabbing of father-in-law after driving 14 miles to kill them in in-law after driving 14 miles to kill them in sleepsleep
1997, Arizona, Scott Falater, stabbed wife1997, Arizona, Scott Falater, stabbed wife& threw her body in pool Story & threw her body in pool Story --http://www.cnn.com/US/9905/25/sleepwalk.def--http://www.cnn.com/US/9905/25/sleepwalk.defense/ -- Guilty Verdict, sentenced to life without ense/ -- Guilty Verdict, sentenced to life without paroleparole
2004, Stephen Reitz, Calif. -- hit wife with 2004, Stephen Reitz, Calif. -- hit wife with flowerpot & stabbed her on weekend getaway, flowerpot & stabbed her on weekend getaway, found guilty and sentenced to 26 year termfound guilty and sentenced to 26 year term
Sleep LabsSleep Labs Comprehensive Sleep SolutionsComprehensive Sleep Solutions
5671 E. Grant5671 E. Grant885-4671885-4671
American Sleep Diagnostics (claims to be Largest Sleep American Sleep Diagnostics (claims to be Largest Sleep Lab in Arizona)Lab in Arizona)1951 N. Wilmot – 722-32101951 N. Wilmot – 722-3210Or Or 215 W. Giaconda Way - 219-1781215 W. Giaconda Way - 219-1781
Also has 3 locations in PhoenixAlso has 3 locations in Phoenix
Sleep Disorders Center – UMCSleep Disorders Center – UMC1501 North Campbell Avenue1501 North Campbell AvenueTucson, AZ 85724-0001Tucson, AZ 85724-0001Phone: (520) 694-6112Phone: (520) 694-6112
Further InformationFurther Information
Lucid Dreaming Techniques:Lucid Dreaming Techniques:
http://www.dreams.ca/lucid_techniques.htm
Clinical Steps to Psychological Dream Clinical Steps to Psychological Dream Interpretation:Interpretation:http://www.guidetopsychology.com/dreams.htm
The Universal Dream KeyThe Universal Dream Key by Patricia by Patricia GarfieldGarfieldPreview available through Google Preview available through Google Book Search (books.google.com)Book Search (books.google.com)
Sources Sources Articles:Articles: http://query.nytimes.com/gst/fullpage.html?http://query.nytimes.com/gst/fullpage.html?
res=9903E3D61439F930A15753C1A9629482res=9903E3D61439F930A15753C1A962948260&sec=health&spon=&pagewanted=160&sec=health&spon=&pagewanted=1
http://www.lucidity.com/EWLD10.htmlhttp://www.lucidity.com/EWLD10.html http://www.macalester.edu/psychology/http://www.macalester.edu/psychology/
whathap/UBNRP/nightmares/tdreams.htmwhathap/UBNRP/nightmares/tdreams.htm http://sleep-medicine.advanceweb.com/http://sleep-medicine.advanceweb.com/
Article/Once-a-Nightmare-Always-a-Article/Once-a-Nightmare-Always-a-Nightmare.aspx?Nightmare.aspx?CD=633353760000000000,63335376000000CD=633353760000000000,633353760000000000,633353760000000000,633353760000000000,633353760000000000,6333537600000000000000
More SourcesMore Sources http://www.intuitive-connections.net/2003/http://www.intuitive-connections.net/2003/
dreamincubation.htmdreamincubation.htm Sleep Foundation –Sleep Foundation – nightmaresnightmares http://www.sleepfoundation.org/site/apps/http://www.sleepfoundation.org/site/apps/
nlnet/content2.aspx?nlnet/content2.aspx?c=huIXKjM0IxF&b=2450839&ct=3501387c=huIXKjM0IxF&b=2450839&ct=3501387
Sleep CyclesSleep Cycles http://www.sleepfoundation.org/site/http://www.sleepfoundation.org/site/
c.huIXKjM0IxF/b.2419159/k.A817/c.huIXKjM0IxF/b.2419159/k.A817/What_Happens_When_You_Sleep.htmWhat_Happens_When_You_Sleep.htm
More SourcesMore Sources NarcolepsyNarcolepsy http://www.bio.davidson.edu/Courses/http://www.bio.davidson.edu/Courses/
genomics/2005/Kiley/assignment1.htmlgenomics/2005/Kiley/assignment1.html Sleep Stage Chart:Sleep Stage Chart: http://blog.dreamsanalyst.com/dream-http://blog.dreamsanalyst.com/dream-
research/dream-research-dreaming-research/dream-research-dreaming-and-the-brain/and-the-brain/
http://uanews.org/node/30205http://uanews.org/node/30205 http://abcnews.go.com/Health/story?http://abcnews.go.com/Health/story?
id=2574630&page=1id=2574630&page=1